Patent Application
20220298147
The present invention relates to compounds, materials for organic electroluminescence devices, organic electroluminescence devices, and electronic devices comprising the organic electroluminescence devices.
An organic electroluminescence device (“organic EL device”) is generally composed of an anode, a cathode, and an organic layer sandwiched between the anode and the cathode. When a voltage is applied between the electrodes, electrons are injected from the cathode and holes are injected from the anode into a light emitting region. The injected electrons recombine with the injected holes in the light emitting region to form excited states. When the excited states return to the ground state, the energy is released as light. Therefore, it is important for obtaining an organic EL device with a high efficiency to develop a compound that transports electrons or holes into the light emitting region efficiently and facilitates the recombination of electrons and holes.
Patent Literatures 1 to 7 describe compounds for use as materials for organic electroluminescence device.
Various compounds for organic EL devices have been reported. However, compounds that further improve the performance of organic EL devices have been still demanded.
The present invention has been made to solve the above problem and an object of the invention is to provide compounds further improving the performance of organic EL devices, organic EL devices having their performance further improved, and electronic devices comprising such organic EL devices.
The inventors have extensively studied organic EL devices comprising the compounds described in Patent Literatures 1 to 7. As a result thereof, the inventors have found that the organic EL devices comprising the compounds represented by formula (1) show higher efficiencies.
In an aspect, the present invention provides a compound represented by formula (1).
wherein:
R1 to R9 are independently selected from a hydrogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 50 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl group having 3 to 50 ring carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 50 ring carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic group having 5 to 50 ring atoms, and a cyano group;
provided that adjacent two in one or more pairs selected from R1 and R2, R2 and R3, R3 and R4, R4 and R5, R6 and R7, R7 and R8, and R8 and R9 may be bonded to each other to form a substituted or unsubstituted ring structure, and R1 and R9 may be bonded to each other to form —CRaRb— that crosslinks two benzene rings;
Ra and Rb are independently selected from a hydrogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 50 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl group having 3 to 50 ring carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 50 ring carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic group having 5 to 50 ring atoms, and a cyano group;
two selected from Y1 to Y3 are nitrogen atoms and remaining one is CR, or Y1 to Y3 are all nitrogen atoms;
R is selected from a hydrogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 50 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl group having 3 to 50 ring carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 50 ring carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic group having 5 to 50 ring atoms, and a cyano group;
X1 is an oxygen atom or a sulfur atom;
R21 to R27 are all hydrogen atoms;
L is selected from a substituted or unsubstituted arylene group having 6 to 50 ring carbon atoms and a substituted or unsubstituted divalent heterocyclic group having 5 to 30 ring atoms;
one of R11 to R14 is a single bond bonded to *a;
R11 to R14 not a single bond bonded to *a and R15 to R18 are hydrogen atoms;
X2 is selected from an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, NRA, and CRBRC;
RA is selected from a hydrogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 50 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl group having 3 to 50 ring carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 50 ring carbon atoms, and a substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic group having 5 to 50 ring atoms;
RB and RC are independently selected from a hydrogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 50 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl group having 3 to 50 ring carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 50 ring carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic group having 5 to 50 ring atoms, and a cyano group;
provided that when RB and RC are each independently a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 50 ring carbon atoms, two aryl groups may be crosslinked by —O— or —S—.
In another aspect, the present invention provides a material for organic EL device comprising the compound represented by formula (1).
In another aspect, the present invention provides an organic electroluminescence device comprising an anode, a cathode, and an organic layer disposed between the anode and the cathode, wherein
the organic layer comprises a light emitting layer and
at least one layer of the organic layer comprises the compound represented by formula (1).
In another aspect, the present invention provides an electronic device comprising the organic electroluminescence device.
The organic EL device comprising the compound represented by formula (1) exhibits a high efficiency.
In the description herein, the hydrogen atom encompasses isotopes thereof having different numbers of neutrons, i.e., a light hydrogen atom (protium), a heavy hydrogen atom (deuterium), and tritium.
In the description herein, the bonding site where the symbol, such as “R”, or “D” representing a deuterium atom is not shown is assumed to have a hydrogen atom, i.e., a protium atom, a deuterium atom, or a tritium atom, bonded thereto.
In the description herein, the number of ring carbon atoms shows the number of carbon atoms among the atoms constituting the ring itself of a compound having a structure including atoms bonded to form a ring (such as a monocyclic compound, a condensed ring compound, a bridged compound, a carbocyclic compound, and a heterocyclic compound). In the case where the ring is substituted by a substituent, the carbon atom contained in the substituent is not included in the number of ring carbon atoms. The same definition is applied to the “number of ring carbon atoms” described hereinafter unless otherwise indicated. For example, a benzene ring has 6 ring carbon atoms, a naphthalene ring has 10 ring carbon atoms, a pyridine ring has 5 ring carbon atoms, and a furan ring has 4 ring carbon atoms. For example, 9,9-diphenylfluorenyl group has 13 ring carbon atoms, and 9,9′-spirobifluorenyl group has 25 ring carbon atoms.
In the case where a benzene ring has, for example, an alkyl group substituted thereon as a substituent, the number of carbon atoms of the alkyl group is not included in the number of ring carbon atoms of the benzene ring. Accordingly a benzene ring having an alkyl group substituted thereon has 6 ring carbon atoms. In the case where a naphthalene ring has, for example, an alkyl group substituted thereon as a substituent, the number of carbon atoms of the alkyl group is not included in the number of ring carbon atoms of the naphthalene ring. Accordingly a naphthalene ring having an alkyl group substituted thereon has 10 ring carbon atoms.
In the description herein, the number of ring atoms shows the number of atoms constituting the ring itself of a compound having a structure including atoms bonded to form a ring (such as a monocyclic ring, a condensed ring, and a set of rings) (such as a monocyclic compound, a condensed ring compound, a bridged compound, a carbocyclic compound, and a heterocyclic compound). The atom that does not constitute the ring (such as a hydrogen atom terminating the bond of the atom constituting the ring) and, in the case where the ring is substituted by a substituent, the atom contained in the substituent are not included in the number of ring atoms. The same definition is applied to the “number of ring atoms” described hereinafter unless otherwise indicated. For example, a pyridine ring has 6 ring atoms, a quinazoline ring has 10 ring atoms, and a furan ring has 5 ring atoms. For example, the number of hydrogen atoms bonded to a pyridine ring or atoms constituting a substituent is not included in the number of ring atoms of the pyridine ring. Accordingly a pyridine ring having a hydrogen atom or a substituent bonded thereto has 6 ring atoms. For example, the number of hydrogen atoms bonded to carbon atoms of a quinazoline ring or atoms constituting a substituent is not included in the number of ring atoms of the quinazoline ring. Accordingly a quinazoline ring having a hydrogen atom or a substituent bonded thereto has 10 ring atoms.
In the description herein, the expression “having XX to YY carbon atoms” in the expression “substituted or unsubstituted ZZ group having XX to YY carbon atoms” means the number of carbon atoms of the unsubstituted ZZ group, and, in the case where the ZZ group is substituted, the number of carbon atoms of the substituent is not included. Herein, “YY” is larger than “XX”, “XX” represents an integer of 1 or more, and “YY” represents an integer of 2 or more.
In the description herein, the expression “having XX to YY atoms” in the expression “substituted or unsubstituted ZZ group having XX to YY atoms” means the number of atoms of the unsubstituted ZZ group, and, in the case where the ZZ group is substituted, the number of atoms of the substituent is not included. Herein, “YY” is larger than “XX”, “XX” represents an integer of 1 or more, and “YY” represents an integer of 2 or more.
In the description herein, an unsubstituted ZZ group means the case where the “substituted or unsubstituted ZZ group” is an “unsubstituted ZZ group”, and a substituted ZZ group means the case where the “substituted or unsubstituted ZZ group” is a “substituted ZZ group”.
In the description herein, the expression “unsubstituted” in the expression “substituted or unsubstituted ZZ group” means that hydrogen atoms in the ZZ group are not substituted by a substituent. The hydrogen atoms in the “unsubstituted ZZ group” each are a protium atom, a deuterium atom, or a tritium atom.
In the description herein, the expression “substituted” in the expression “substituted or unsubstituted ZZ group” means that one or more hydrogen atom in the ZZ group is substituted by a substituent. The expression “substituted” in the expression “BB group substituted by an AA group” similarly means that one or more hydrogen atom in the BB group is substituted by the AA group.
The substituents described in the description herein will be explained.
In the description herein, the number of ring carbon atoms of the “unsubstituted aryl group” is 6 to 50, preferably 6 to 30, and more preferably 6 to 18, unless otherwise indicated in the description.
In the description herein, the number of ring atoms of the “unsubstituted heterocyclic group” is 5 to 50, preferably 5 to 30, and more preferably 5 to 18, unless otherwise indicated in the description.
In the description herein, the number of carbon atoms of the “unsubstituted alkyl group” is 1 to 50, preferably 1 to 20, and more preferably 1 to 6, unless otherwise indicated in the description.
In the description herein, the number of carbon atoms of the “unsubstituted alkenyl group” is 2 to 50, preferably 2 to 20, and more preferably 2 to 6, unless otherwise indicated in the description.
In the description herein, the number of carbon atoms of the “unsubstituted alkynyl group” is 2 to 50, preferably 2 to 20, and more preferably 2 to 6, unless otherwise indicated in the description.
In the description herein, the number of ring carbon atoms of the “unsubstituted cycloalkyl group” is 3 to 50, preferably 3 to 20, and more preferably 3 to 6, unless otherwise indicated in the description.
In the description herein, the number of ring carbon atoms of the “unsubstituted arylene group” is 6 to 50, preferably 6 to 30, and more preferably 6 to 18, unless otherwise indicated in the description.
In the description herein, the number of ring atoms of the “unsubstituted divalent heterocyclic group” is 5 to 50, preferably 5 to 30, and more preferably 5 to 18, unless otherwise indicated in the description.
In the description herein, the number of carbon atoms of the “unsubstituted alkylene group” is 1 to 50, preferably 1 to 20, and more preferably 1 to 6, unless otherwise indicated in the description.
In the description herein, specific examples (set of specific examples G1) of the “substituted or unsubstituted aryl group” include the unsubstituted aryl groups (set of specific examples G1A) and the substituted aryl groups (set of specific examples G1B) shown below. (Herein, the unsubstituted aryl group means the case where the “substituted or unsubstituted aryl group” is an “unsubstituted aryl group”, and the substituted aryl group means the case where the “substituted or unsubstituted aryl group” is a “substituted aryl group”.) In the description herein, the simple expression “aryl group” encompasses both the “unsubstituted aryl group” and the “substituted aryl group”.
The “substituted aryl group” means a group formed by substituting one or more hydrogen atom of the “unsubstituted aryl group” by a substituent. Examples of the “substituted aryl group” include groups formed by one or more hydrogen atom of each of the “unsubstituted aryl groups” in the set of specific examples G1A by a substituent, and the examples of the substituted aryl groups in the set of specific examples G1B. The examples of the “unsubstituted aryl group” and the examples of the “substituted aryl group” enumerated herein are mere examples, and the “substituted aryl group” in the description herein encompasses groups formed by substituting a hydrogen atom bonded to the carbon atom of the aryl group itself of each of the “substituted aryl groups” in the set of specific examples G1B by a substituent, and groups formed by substituting a hydrogen atom of the substituent of each of the “substituted aryl groups” in the set of specific examples G1B by a substituent.
a phenyl group,
a p-biphenyl group,
a m-biphenyl group,
an o-biphenyl group,
a p-terphenyl-4-yl group,
a p-terphenyl-3-yl group,
a p-terphenyl-2-yl group,
a m-terphenyl-4-yl group,
a m-terphenyl-3-yl group,
a m-terphenyl-2-yl group,
an o-terphenyl-4-yl group,
an o-terphenyl-3-yl group,
an o-terphenyl-2-yl group,
a 1-naphthyl group,
a 2-naphthyl group,
an anthryl group,
a benzanthryl group,
a phenanthryl group,
a benzophenanthryl group,
a phenarenyl group,
a pyrenyl group,
a chrysenyl group,
a benzochrysenyl group,
a triphenylenyl group,
a benzotriphenylenyl group,
a tetracenyl group,
a pentacenyl group,
a fluorenyl group,
a 9,9′-spirobifluorenyl group,
a benzofluorenyl group,
a dibenzofluorenyl group,
a fluoranthenyl group,
a benzofluoranthenyl group,
a perylenyl group, and
monovalent aryl groups derived by removing one hydrogen atom from each of the ring structures represented by the following general formulae (TEMP-1) to (TEMP-15):
an o-tolyl group,
a m-tolyl group,
a p-tolyl group,
a p-xylyl group,
a m-xylyl group,
an o-xylyl group,
a p-isopropylphenyl group,
a m-isopropylphenyl group,
an o-isopropylphenyl group,
a p-t-butylphenyl group,
a m-t-butylphenyl group,
a o-t-butylphenyl group,
a 3,4,5-trimethylphenyl group,
a 9,9-dimethylfluorenyl group,
a 9,9-diphenylfluorenyl group,
a 9,9-bis(4-methylphenyl)fluorenyl group,
a 9,9-bis(4-isopropylphenyl)fluorenyl group,
a 9,9-bis(4-t-butylphenyl)fluorenyl group,
a cyanophenyl group,
a triphenylsilylphenyl group,
a trimethylsilylphenyl group,
a phenylnaphthyl group,
a naphthylphenyl group, and
groups formed by substituting one or more hydrogen atom of each of monovalent aryl groups derived from the ring structures represented by the general formulae (TEMP-1) to (TEMP-15) by a substituent.
In the description herein, the “heterocyclic group” means a cyclic group containing at least one hetero atom in the ring atoms. Specific examples of the hetero atom include a nitrogen atom, an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, a silicon atom, a phosphorus atom, and a boron atom.
In the description herein, the “heterocyclic group” is a monocyclic group or a condensed ring group.
In the description herein, the “heterocyclic group” is an aromatic heterocyclic group or a non-aromatic heterocyclic group.
In the description herein, specific examples (set of specific examples G2) of the “substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic group” include the unsubstituted heterocyclic groups (set of specific examples G2A) and the substituted heterocyclic groups (set of specific examples G2B) shown below. (Herein, the unsubstituted heterocyclic group means the case where the “substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic group” is an “unsubstituted heterocyclic group”, and the substituted heterocyclic group means the case where the “substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic group” is a “substituted heterocyclic group”.) In the description herein, the simple expression “heterocyclic group” encompasses both the “unsubstituted heterocyclic group” and the “substituted heterocyclic group”.
The “substituted heterocyclic group” means a group formed by substituting one or more hydrogen atom of the “unsubstituted heterocyclic group” by a substituent. Specific examples of the “substituted heterocyclic group” include groups formed by substituting a hydrogen atom of each of the “unsubstituted heterocyclic groups” in the set of specific examples G2A by a substituent, and the examples of the substituted heterocyclic groups in the set of specific examples G2B. The examples of the “unsubstituted heterocyclic group” and the examples of the “substituted heterocyclic group” enumerated herein are mere examples, and the “substituted heterocyclic group” in the description herein encompasses groups formed by substituting a hydrogen atom bonded to the ring atom of the heterocyclic group itself of each of the “substituted heterocyclic groups” in the set of specific examples G2B by a substituent, and groups formed by substituting a hydrogen atom of the substituent of each of the “substituted heterocyclic groups” in the set of specific examples G2B by a substituent.
The set of specific examples G2A includes, for example, the unsubstituted heterocyclic group containing a nitrogen atom (set of specific examples G2A1), the unsubstituted heterocyclic group containing an oxygen atom (set of specific examples G2A2), the unsubstituted heterocyclic group containing a sulfur atom (set of specific examples G2A3), and monovalent heterocyclic groups derived by removing one hydrogen atom from each of the ring structures represented by the following general formulae (TEMP-16) to (TEMP-33) (set of specific examples G2A4).
The set of specific examples G2B includes, for example, the substituted heterocyclic groups containing a nitrogen atom (set of specific examples G2B1), the substituted heterocyclic groups containing an oxygen atom (set of specific examples G2B2), the substituted heterocyclic groups containing a sulfur atom (set of specific examples G2B3), and groups formed by substituting one or more hydrogen atom of each of monovalent heterocyclic groups derived from the ring structures represented by the following general formulae (TEMP-16) to (TEMP-33) by a substituent (set of specific examples G2B4).
a pyrrolyl group,
an imidazolyl group,
a pyrazolyl group,
a triazolyl group,
a tetrazolyl group,
an oxazolyl group,
an isoxazolyl group,
an oxadiazolyl group,
a thiazolyl group,
an isothiazolyl group,
a thiadiazolyl group,
a pyridyl group,
a pyridazinyl group,
a pyrimidinyl group,
a pyrazinyl group,
a triazinyl group,
an indolyl group,
an isoindolyl group,
an indolizinyl group,
a quinolizinyl group,
a quinolyl group,
an isoquinolyl group,
a cinnolinyl group,
a phthalazinyl group,
a quinazolinyl group,
a quinoxalinyl group,
a benzimidazolyl group,
an indazolyl group,
a phenanthrolinyl group,
a phenanthridinyl group,
an acridinyl group,
a phenazinyl group,
a carbazolyl group,
a benzocarbazolyl group,
a morpholino group,
a phenoxazinyl group,
a phenothiazinyl group,
an azacarbazolyl group, and
a diazacarbazolyl group.
a furyl group,
an oxazolyl group,
an isoxazolyl group,
an oxadiazolyl group,
a xanthenyl group,
a benzofuranyl group,
an isobenzofuranyl group,
a dibenzofuranyl group,
a naphthobenzofuranyl group,
a benzoxazolyl group,
a benzisoxazolyl group,
a phenoxazinyl group,
a morpholino group,
a dinaphthofuranyl group,
an azadibenzofuranyl group,
a diazadibenzofuranyl group,
an azanaphthobenzofuranyl group, and
a diazanaphthobenzofuranyl group.
a thienyl group,
a thiazolyl group,
an isothiazolyl group,
a thiadiazolyl group,
a benzothiophenyl group (benzothienyl group),
an isobenzothiophenyl group (isobenzothienyl group),
a dibenzothiophenyl group (dibenzothienyl group),
a naphthobenzothiophenyl group (naphthobenzothienyl group),
a benzothiazolyl group,
a benzisothiazolyl group,
a phenothiazinyl group,
a dinaphthothiophenyl group (dinaphthothienyl group),
an azadibenzothiophenyl group (azadibenzothienyl group),
a diazadibenzothiophenyl group (diazadibenzothienyl group),
an azanaphthobenzothiophenyl group (azanaphthobenzothienyl group), and
a diazanaphthobenzothiophenyl group (diazanaphthobenzothienyl group).
In the general formulae (TEMP-16) to (TEMP-33), XA and YA each independently represent an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, NH, or CH2, provided that at least one of XA and YA represents an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, or NH.
In the general formulae (TEMP-16) to (TEMP-33), in the case where at least one of XA and YA represents NH or CH2, the monovalent heterocyclic groups derived from the ring structures represented by the general formulae (TEMP-16) to (TEMP-33) include monovalent groups formed by removing one hydrogen atom from the NH or CH2.
a (9-phenyl)carbazolyl group,
a (9-biphenylyl)carbazolyl group,
a (9-phenyl)phenylcarbazolyl group,
a (9-naphthyl)carbazolyl group,
a diphenylcarbazol-9-yl group,
a phenylcarbazol-9-yl group,
a methylbenzimidazolyl group,
an ethylbenzimidazolyl group,
a phenyltriazinyl group,
a biphenyltriazinyl group,
a diphenyltriazinyl group,
a phenylquinazolinyl group, and
a biphenylquinazolinyl group.
a phenyldibenzofuranyl group,
a methyldibenzofuranyl group,
a t-butyldibenzofuranyl group, and
a monovalent residual group of spiro[9H-xanthene-9,9′-[9H]fluorene].
a phenyldibenzothiophenyl group,
a methyldibenzothiophenyl group,
a t-butyldibenzothiophenyl group, and
a monovalent residual group of spiro[9H-thioxanthene-9,9′-[9H]fluorene].
The “one or more hydrogen atom of the monovalent heterocyclic group” means one or more hydrogen atom selected from the hydrogen atom bonded to the ring carbon atom of the monovalent heterocyclic group, the hydrogen atom bonded to the nitrogen atom in the case where at least one of XA and YA represents NH, and the hydrogen atom of the methylene group in the case where one of XA and YA represents CH2.
In the description herein, specific examples (set of specific examples G3) of the “substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group” include the unsubstituted alkyl groups (set of specific examples G3A) and the substituted alkyl groups (set of specific examples G3B) shown below. (Herein, the unsubstituted alkyl group means the case where the “substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group” is an “unsubstituted alkyl group”, and the substituted alkyl group means the case where the “substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group” is a “substituted alkyl group”.) In the description herein, the simple expression “alkyl group” encompasses both the “unsubstituted alkyl group” and the “substituted alkyl group”.
The “substituted alkyl group” means a group formed by substituting one or more hydrogen atom of the “unsubstituted alkyl group” by a substituent. Specific examples of the “substituted alkyl group” include groups formed by substituting one or more hydrogen atom of each of the “unsubstituted alkyl groups” (set of specific examples G3A) by a substituent, and the examples of the substituted alkyl groups (set of specific examples G3B). In the description herein, the alkyl group in the “unsubstituted alkyl group” means a chain-like alkyl group. Accordingly the “unsubstituted alkyl group” encompasses an “unsubstituted linear alkyl group” and an “unsubstituted branched alkyl group”. The examples of the “unsubstituted alkyl group” and the examples of the “substituted alkyl group” enumerated herein are mere examples, and the “substituted alkyl group” in the description herein encompasses groups formed by substituting a hydrogen atom of the alkyl group itself of each of the “substituted alkyl groups” in the set of specific examples G3B by a substituent, and groups formed by substituting a hydrogen atom of the substituent of each of the “substituted alkyl groups” in the set of specific examples G3B by a substituent.
a methyl group,
an ethyl group,
a n-propyl group,
an isopropyl group,
a n-butyl group,
an isobutyl group,
a s-butyl group, and
a t-butyl group.
a heptafluoropropyl group (including isomers),
a pentafluoroethyl group,
a 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl group, and
a trifluoromethyl group.
In the description herein, specific examples (set of specific examples G4) of the “substituted or unsubstituted alkenyl group” include the unsubstituted alkenyl groups (set of specific examples G4A) and the substituted alkenyl groups (set of specific examples G4B) shown below. (Herein, the unsubstituted alkenyl group means the case where the “substituted or unsubstituted alkenyl group” is an “unsubstituted alkenyl group”, and the substituted alkenyl group means the case where the “substituted or unsubstituted alkenyl group” is a “substituted alkenyl group”.) In the description herein, the simple expression “alkenyl group” encompasses both the “unsubstituted alkenyl group” and the “substituted alkenyl group”.
The “substituted alkenyl group” means a group formed by substituting one or more hydrogen atom of the “unsubstituted alkenyl group” by a substituent. Specific examples of the “substituted alkenyl group” include the “unsubstituted alkenyl groups” (set of specific examples G4A) that each have a substituent, and the examples of the substituted alkenyl groups (set of specific examples G4B). The examples of the “unsubstituted alkenyl group” and the examples of the “substituted alkenyl group” enumerated herein are mere examples, and the “substituted alkenyl group” in the description herein encompasses groups formed by substituting a hydrogen atom of the alkenyl group itself of each of the “substituted alkenyl groups” in the set of specific examples G4B by a substituent, and groups formed by substituting a hydrogen atom of the substituent of each of the “substituted alkenyl groups” in the set of specific examples G4B by a substituent.
a vinyl group,
an allyl group,
a 1-butenyl group,
a 2-butenyl group, and
a 3-butenyl group.
a 1,3-butanedienyl group,
a 1-methylvinyl group,
a 1-methylallyl group,
a 1,1-dimethylallyl group,
a 2-methylallyl group, and
a 1,2-dimethylallyl group.
In the description herein, specific examples (set of specific examples G5) of the “substituted or unsubstituted alkynyl group” include the unsubstituted alkynyl group (set of specific examples G5A) shown below. (Herein, the unsubstituted alkynyl group means the case where the “substituted or unsubstituted alkynyl group” is an “unsubstituted alkynyl group”.) In the description herein, the simple expression “alkynyl group” encompasses both the “unsubstituted alkynyl group” and the “substituted alkynyl group”.
The “substituted alkynyl group” means a group formed by substituting one or more hydrogen atom of the “unsubstituted alkynyl group” by a substituent. Specific examples of the “substituted alkenyl group” include groups formed by substituting one or more hydrogen atom of the “unsubstituted alkynyl group” (set of specific examples G5A) by a substituent.
an ethynyl group.
In the description herein, specific examples (set of specific examples G6) of the “substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl group” include the unsubstituted cycloalkyl groups (set of specific examples G6A) and the substituted cycloalkyl group (set of specific examples G6B) shown below. (Herein, the unsubstituted cycloalkyl group means the case where the “substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl group” is an “unsubstituted cycloalkyl group”, and the substituted cycloalkyl group means the case where the “substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl group” is a “substituted cycloalkyl group”.) In the description herein, the simple expression “cycloalkyl group” encompasses both the “unsubstituted cycloalkyl group” and the “substituted cycloalkyl group”.
The “substituted cycloalkyl group” means a group formed by substituting one or more hydrogen atom of the “unsubstituted cycloalkyl group” by a substituent. Specific examples of the “substituted cycloalkyl group” include groups formed by substituting one or more hydrogen atom of each of the “unsubstituted cycloalkyl groups” (set of specific examples G6A) by a substituent, and the example of the substituted cycloalkyl group (set of specific examples G6B). The examples of the “unsubstituted cycloalkyl group” and the examples of the “substituted cycloalkyl group” enumerated herein are mere examples, and the “substituted cycloalkyl group” in the description herein encompasses groups formed by substituting one or more hydrogen atom bonded to the carbon atoms of the cycloalkyl group itself of the “substituted cycloalkyl group” in the set of specific examples G6B by a substituent, and groups formed by substituting a hydrogen atom of the substituent of the “substituted cycloalkyl group” in the set of specific examples G6B by a substituent.
a cyclopropyl group,
a cyclobutyl group,
a cyclopentyl group,
a cyclohexyl group,
a 1-adamantyl group,
a 2-adamantyl group,
a 1-norbornyl group, and
a 2-norbornyl group.
a 4-methylcyclohexyl group.
Group Represented by —Si(R901)(R902)(R903)
In the description herein, specific examples (set of specific examples G7) of the group represented by —Si(R901)(R902)(R903) include:
—Si(G1)(G1)(G1),
—Si(G1)(G2)(G2),
—Si(G1)(G1)(G2),
—Si(G2)(G2)(G2),
—Si(G3)(G3)(G3), and
—Si(G6)(G6)(G6).
Herein,
G1 represents the “substituted or unsubstituted aryl group” described in the set of specific examples G1,
G2 represents the “substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic group” described in the set of specific examples G2,
G3 represents the “substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group” described in the set of specific examples G3, and
G6 represents the “substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl group” described in the set of specific examples G6.
Plural groups represented by G1 in —Si(G1)(G1)(G1) are the same as or different from each other.
Plural groups represented by G2 in —Si(G1)(G2)(G2) are the same as or different from each other.
Plural groups represented by G1 in —Si(G1)(G1)(G2) are the same as or different from each other.
Plural groups represented by G2 in —Si(G2)(G2)(G2) are the same as or different from each other.
Plural groups represented by G3 in —Si(G3)(G3)(G3) are the same as or different from each other.
Plural groups represented by G6 in —Si(G6)(G6)(G6) are the same as or different from each other.
In the description herein, specific examples (set of specific examples G8) of the group represented by —O—(R904) include:
—O(G1),
—O(G2),
—O(G3), and
—O(G6).
Herein,
G1 represents the “substituted or unsubstituted aryl group” described in the set of specific examples G1,
G2 represents the “substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic group” described in the set of specific examples G2,
G3 represents the “substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group” described in the set of specific examples G3, and
G6 represents the “substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl group” described in the set of specific examples G6.
In the description herein, specific examples (set of specific examples G9) of the group represented by —S—(R905) include:
—S(G1),
—S(G2),
—S(G3), and
—S(G6).
Herein,
G1 represents the “substituted or unsubstituted aryl group” described in the set of specific examples G1,
G2 represents the “substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic group” described in the set of specific examples G2,
G3 represents the “substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group” described in the set of specific examples G3, and
G6 represents the “substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl group” described in the set of specific examples G6.
Group Represented by —N(R906)(R907)
In the description herein, specific examples (set of specific examples G10) of the group represented by —N(R906)(R907) include:
—N(G1)(G1),
—N(G2)(G2),
—N(G1)(G2),
—N(G3)(G3), and
—N(G6)(G6).
G1 represents the “substituted or unsubstituted aryl group” described in the set of specific examples G1,
G2 represents the “substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic group” described in the set of specific examples G2,
G3 represents the “substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group” described in the set of specific examples G3, and
G6 represents the “substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl group” described in the set of specific examples G6.
Plural groups represented by G1 in —N(G1)(G1) are the same as or different from each other.
Plural groups represented by G2 in —N(G2)(G2) are the same as or different from each other.
Plural groups represented by G3 in —N(G3)(G3) are the same as or different from each other.
Plural groups represented by G6 in —N(G6)(G6) are the same as or different from each other.
In the description herein, specific examples (set of specific examples G11) of the “halogen atom” include a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom, and an iodine atom.
In the description herein, the “substituted or unsubstituted fluoroalkyl group” means a group formed by substituting at least one hydrogen atom bonded to the carbon atom constituting the alkyl group in the “substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group” by a fluorine atom, and encompasses a group formed by substituting all the hydrogen atoms bonded to the carbon atoms constituting the alkyl group in the “substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group” by fluorine atoms (i.e., a perfluoroalkyl group). The number of carbon atoms of the “unsubstituted fluoroalkyl group” is 1 to 50, preferably 1 to 30, and more preferably 1 to 18, unless otherwise indicated in the description. The “substituted fluoroalkyl group” means a group formed by substituting one or more hydrogen atom of the “fluoroalkyl group” by a substituent. In the description herein, the “substituted fluoroalkyl group” encompasses a group formed by substituting one or more hydrogen atom bonded to the carbon atom of the alkyl chain in the “substituted fluoroalkyl group” by a substituent, and a group formed by substituting one or more hydrogen atom of the substituent in the “substituted fluoroalkyl group” by a substituent. Specific examples of the “unsubstituted fluoroalkyl group” include examples of groups formed by substituting one or more hydrogen atom in each of the “alkyl group” (set of specific examples G3) by a fluorine atom.
In the description herein, the “substituted or unsubstituted haloalkyl group” means a group formed by substituting at least one hydrogen atom bonded to the carbon atom constituting the alkyl group in the “substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group” by a halogen atom, and encompasses a group formed by substituting all the hydrogen atoms bonded to the carbon atoms constituting the alkyl group in the “substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group” by halogen atoms. The number of carbon atoms of the “unsubstituted haloalkyl group” is 1 to 50, preferably 1 to 30, and more preferably 1 to 18, unless otherwise indicated in the description. The “substituted haloalkyl group” means a group formed by substituting one or more hydrogen atom of the “haloalkyl group” by a substituent. In the description herein, the “substituted haloalkyl group” encompasses a group formed by substituting one or more hydrogen atom bonded to the carbon atom of the alkyl chain in the “substituted haloalkyl group” by a substituent, and a group formed by substituting one or more hydrogen atom of the substituent in the “substituted haloalkyl group” by a substituent. Specific examples of the “unsubstituted haloalkyl group” include examples of groups formed by substituting one or more hydrogen atom in each of the “alkyl group” (set of specific examples G3) by a halogen atom. A haloalkyl group may be referred to as a halogenated alkyl group in some cases.
In the description herein, specific examples of the “substituted or unsubstituted alkoxy group” include a group represented by —O(G3), wherein G3 represents the “substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group” described in the set of specific examples G3. The number of carbon atoms of the “unsubstituted alkoxy group” is 1 to 50, preferably 1 to 30, and more preferably 1 to 18, unless otherwise indicated in the description.
In the description herein, specific examples of the “substituted or unsubstituted alkylthio group” include a group represented by —S(G3), wherein G3 represents the “substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group” described in the set of specific examples G3. The number of carbon atoms of the “unsubstituted alkylthio group” is 1 to 50, preferably 1 to 30, and more preferably 1 to 18, unless otherwise indicated in the description.
In the description herein, specific examples of the “substituted or unsubstituted aryloxy group” include a group represented by —O(G1), wherein G1 represents the “substituted or unsubstituted aryl group” described in the set of specific examples G1. The number of ring carbon atoms of the “unsubstituted aryloxy group” is 6 to 50, preferably 6 to 30, and more preferably 6 to 18, unless otherwise indicated in the description.
In the description herein, specific examples of the “substituted or unsubstituted arylthio group” include a group represented by —S(G1), wherein G1 represents the “substituted or unsubstituted aryl group” described in the set of specific examples G1. The number of ring carbon atoms of the “unsubstituted arylthio group” is 6 to 50, preferably 6 to 30, and more preferably 6 to 18, unless otherwise indicated in the description.
In the description herein, specific examples of the “trialkylsilyl group” include a group represented by —Si(G3)(G3)(G3), wherein G3 represents the “substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group” described in the set of specific examples G3. Plural groups represented by G3 in —Si(G3)(G3)(G3) are the same as or different from each other. The number of carbon atoms of each of alkyl groups of the “substituted or unsubstituted trialkylsilyl group” is 1 to 50, preferably 1 to 20, and more preferably 1 to 6, unless otherwise indicated in the description.
In the description herein, specific examples of the “substituted or unsubstituted aralkyl group” include a group represented by -(G3)-(G1), wherein G3 represents the “substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group” described in the set of specific examples G3, and G1 represents the “substituted or unsubstituted aryl group” described in the set of specific examples G1. Accordingly the “aralkyl group” is a group formed by substituting a hydrogen atom of an “alkyl group” by an “aryl group” as a substituent, and is one embodiment of the “substituted alkyl group”. The “unsubstituted aralkyl group” is an “unsubstituted alkyl group” that is substituted by an “unsubstituted aryl group”, and the number of carbon atoms of the “unsubstituted aralkyl group” is 7 to 50, preferably 7 to 30, and more preferably 7 to 18, unless otherwise indicated in the description.
Specific examples of the “substituted or unsubstituted aralkyl group” include a benzyl group, a 1-phenylethyl group, a 2-phenylethyl group, a 1-phenylisopropyl group, a 2-phenylisopropyl group, a phenyl-t-butyl group, an α-naphthylmethyl group, a 1-α-naphthylethyl group, a 2-α-naphthylethyl group, a 1-α-naphthylisopropyl group, a 2-α-naphthylisopropyl group, a β-naphthylmethyl group, a 1-β-naphthylethyl group, a 2-β-naphthylethyl group, a 1-β-naphthylisopropyl group, and a 2-β-naphthylisopropyl group.
In the description herein, the substituted or unsubstituted aryl group is preferably a phenyl group, a p-biphenyl group, a m-biphenyl group, an o-biphenyl group, a p-terphenyl-4-yl group, a p-terphenyl-3-yl group, a p-terphenyl-2-yl group, a m-terphenyl-4-yl group, a m-terphenyl-3-yl group, a m-terphenyl-2-yl group, an o-terphenyl-4-yl group, an o-terphenyl-3-yl group, an o-terphenyl-2-yl group, a 1-naphthyl group, a 2-naphthyl group, an anthryl group, a phenanthryl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, a fluorenyl group, a 9,9′-spirobifluorenyl group, a 9,9-dimethylfluorenyl group, a 9,9-diphenylfluorenyl group, and the like, unless otherwise indicated in the description.
In the description herein, the substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic group is preferably a pyridyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a triazinyl group, a quinolyl group, an isoquinolyl group, a quinazolinyl group, a benzimidazolyl group, a phenanthrolinyl group, a carbazolyl group (e.g., a 1-carbazolyl, group, a 2-carbazolyl, group, a 3-carbazolyl, group, a 4-carbazolyl, group, or a 9-carbazolyl, group), a benzocarbazolyl group, an azacarbazolyl group, a diazacarbazolyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, a naphthobenzofuranyl group, an azadibenzofuranyl group, a diazadibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, a naphthobenzothiophenyl group, an azadibenzothiophenyl group, a diazadibenzothiophenyl group, a (9-phenyl)carbazolyl group (e.g., a (9-phenyl)carbazol-1-yl group, a (9-phenyl)carbazol-2-yl group, a (9-phenyl)carbazol-3-yl group, or a (9-phenyl)carbazol-4-yl group), a (9-biphenylyl)carbazolyl group, a (9-phenyl)phenylcarbazolyl group, a diphenylcarbazol-9-yl group, a phenylcarbazol-9-yl group, a phenyltriazinyl group, a biphenylyltriazinyl group, a diphenyltriazinyl group, a phenyldibenzofuranyl group, a phenyldibenzothiophenyl group, and the like, unless otherwise indicated in the description.
In the description herein, the carbazolyl group is specifically any one of the following groups unless otherwise indicated in the description.
In the description herein, the (9-phenyl)carbazolyl group is specifically any one of the following groups unless otherwise indicated in the description.
In the general formulae (TEMP-Cz1) to (TEMP-Cz9), * represents a bonding site.
In the description herein, the dibenzofuranyl group and the dibenzothiophenyl group are specifically any one of the following groups unless otherwise indicated in the description.
In the general formulae (TEMP-34) to (TEMP-41), * represents a bonding site.
In the description herein, the substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group is preferably a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, an isopropyl group, a n-butyl group, an isobutyl group, a t-butyl group, or the like unless otherwise indicated in the description.
In the description herein, the “substituted or unsubstituted arylene group” is a divalent group derived by removing one hydrogen atom on the aryl ring from the “substituted or unsubstituted aryl group” described above unless otherwise indicated in the description. Specific examples (set of specific examples G12) of the “substituted or unsubstituted arylene group” include divalent groups derived by removing one hydrogen atom on the aryl ring from the “substituted or unsubstituted aryl groups” described in the set of specific examples G1.
In the description herein, the “substituted or unsubstituted divalent heterocyclic group” is a divalent group derived by removing one hydrogen atom on the heterocyclic ring from the “substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic group” described above unless otherwise indicated in the description. Specific examples (set of specific examples G13) of the “substituted or unsubstituted divalent heterocyclic group” include divalent groups derived by removing one hydrogen atom on the heterocyclic ring from the “substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic groups” described in the set of specific examples G2.
In the description herein, the “substituted or unsubstituted alkylene group” is a divalent group derived by removing one hydrogen atom on the alkyl chain from the “substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group” described above unless otherwise indicated in the description. Specific examples (set of specific examples G14) of the “substituted or unsubstituted alkylene group” include divalent groups derived by removing one hydrogen atom on the alkyl chain from the “substituted or unsubstituted alkyl groups” described in the set of specific examples G3.
In the description herein, the substituted or unsubstituted arylene group is preferably any one of the groups represented by the following general formulae (TEMP-42) to (TEMP-68) unless otherwise indicated in the description.
In the general formulae (TEMP-42) to (TEMP-52), Q1 to Q10 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a substituent.
In the general formulae (TEMP-42) to (TEMP-52), * represents a bonding site.
In the general formulae (TEMP-53) to (TEMP-62), Q1 to Q10 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a substituent.
The formulae Q9 and Q10 may be bonded to each other to form a ring via a single bond.
In the general formulae (TEMP-53) to (TEMP-62), * represents a bonding site.
In the general formulae (TEMP-63) to (TEMP-68), Q1 to Q8 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a substituent.
In the general formulae (TEMP-63) to (TEMP-68), * represents a bonding site.
In the description herein, the substituted or unsubstituted divalent heterocyclic group is preferably the groups represented by the following general formulae (TEMP-69) to (TEMP-102) unless otherwise indicated in the description.
In the general formulae (TEMP-69) to (TEMP-82), Q1 to Q9 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a substituent.
In the general formulae (TEMP-83) to (TEMP-102), Q1 to Q8 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a substituent.
The above are the explanation of the “substituents in the description herein”.
In the description herein, the case where “one or more combinations of combinations each including adjacent two or more each are bonded to each other to form a substituted or unsubstituted monocyclic ring, or each are bonded to each other to form a substituted or unsubstituted condensed ring, or each are not bonded to each other” means a case where “one or more combinations of combinations each including adjacent two or more each are bonded to each other to form a substituted or unsubstituted monocyclic ring”, a case where “one or more combinations of combinations each including adjacent two or more each are bonded to each other to form a substituted or unsubstituted condensed ring”, and a case where “one or more combinations of combinations each including adjacent two or more each are not bonded to each other”.
In the description herein, the case where “one or more combinations of combinations each including adjacent two or more each are bonded to each other to form a substituted or unsubstituted monocyclic ring” and the case where “one or more combinations of combinations each including adjacent two or more each are bonded to each other to form a substituted or unsubstituted condensed ring” (which may be hereinafter collectively referred to as a “case forming a ring by bonding”) will be explained below. The cases will be explained for the anthracene compound represented by the following general formula (TEMP-103) having an anthracene core skeleton as an example.
For example, in the case where “one or more combinations of combinations each including adjacent two or more each are bonded to each other to form a ring” among R921 to R930, the combinations each including adjacent two as one combination include a combination of R921 and R922, a combination of R922 and R923, a combination of R923 and R924, a combination of R924 and R930, a combination of R930 and R925, a combination of R925 and R926, a combination of R926 and R927, a combination of R927 and R928, a combination of R928 and R929, and a combination of R929 and R921.
The “one or more combinations” mean that two or more combinations each including adjacent two or more may form rings simultaneously. For example, in the case where R921 and R922 are bonded to each other to form a ring QA, and simultaneously R925 and R926 are bonded to each other to form a ring QB, the anthracene compound represented by the general formula (TEMP-103) is represented by the following general formula (TEMP-104).
The case where the “combination including adjacent two or more forms rings” encompasses not only the case where adjacent two included in the combination are bonded as in the aforementioned example, but also the case where adjacent three or more included in the combination are bonded. For example, this case means that R921 and R922 are bonded to each other to form a ring QA, R922 and R923 are bonded to each other to form a ring QC, and adjacent three (R921, R922, and R928) included in the combination are bonded to each other to form rings, which are condensed to the anthracene core skeleton, and in this case, the anthracene compound represented by the general formula (TEMP-103) is represented by the following general formula (TEMP-105). In the following general formula (TEMP-105), the ring QA and the ring QC share R922.
The formed “monocyclic ring” or “condensed ring” may be a saturated ring or an unsaturated ring in terms of structure of the formed ring itself. In the case where the “one combination including adjacent two” forms a “monocyclic ring” or a “condensed ring”, the “monocyclic ring” or the “condensed ring” may form a saturated ring or an unsaturated ring. For example, the ring QA and the ring QB formed in the general formula (TEMP-104) each are a “monocyclic ring” or a “condensed ring”. The ring QA and the ring QC formed in the general formula (TEMP-105) each are a “condensed ring”. The ring QA and the ring QC in the general formula (TEMP-105) form a condensed ring through condensation of the ring QA and the ring QC. In the case where the ring QA in the general formula (TEMP-104) is a benzene ring, the ring QA is a monocyclic ring. In the case where the ring QA in the general formula (TEMP-104) is a naphthalene ring, the ring QA is a condensed ring.
The “unsaturated ring” means an aromatic hydrocarbon ring or an aromatic heterocyclic ring. The “saturated ring” means an aliphatic hydrocarbon ring or a non-aromatic heterocyclic ring.
Specific examples of the aromatic hydrocarbon ring include the structures formed by terminating the groups exemplified as the specific examples in the set of specific examples G1 with a hydrogen atom.
Specific examples of the aromatic heterocyclic ring include the structures formed by terminating the aromatic heterocyclic groups exemplified as the specific examples in the set of specific examples G2 with a hydrogen atom.
Specific examples of the aliphatic hydrocarbon ring include the structures formed by terminating the groups exemplified as the specific examples in the set of specific examples G6 with a hydrogen atom.
The expression “to form a ring” means that the ring is formed only with the plural atoms of the core structure or with the plural atoms of the core structure and one or more arbitrary element. For example, the ring QA formed by bonding R921 and R922 each other shown in the general formula (TEMP-104) means a ring formed with the carbon atom of the anthracene skeleton bonded to R921, the carbon atom of the anthracene skeleton bonded to R922, and one or more arbitrary element. As a specific example, in the case where the ring QA is formed with R921 and R922, and in the case where a monocyclic unsaturated ring is formed with the carbon atom of the anthracene skeleton bonded to R921, the carbon atom of the anthracene skeleton bonded to R922, and four carbon atoms, the ring formed with R921 and R922 is a benzene ring.
Herein, the “arbitrary element” is preferably at least one kind of an element selected from the group consisting of a carbon element, a nitrogen element, an oxygen element, and a sulfur element, unless otherwise indicated in the description. For the arbitrary element (for example, for a carbon element or a nitrogen element), a bond that does not form a ring may be terminated with a hydrogen atom or the like, and may be substituted by an “arbitrary substituent” described later. In the case where an arbitrary element other than a carbon element is contained, the formed ring is a heterocyclic ring.
The number of the “one or more arbitrary element” constituting the monocyclic ring or the condensed ring is preferably 2 or more and 15 or less, more preferably 3 or more and 12 or less, and further preferably 3 or more and 5 or less, unless otherwise indicated in the description.
What is preferred between the “monocyclic ring” and the “condensed ring” is the “monocyclic ring” unless otherwise indicated in the description.
What is preferred between the “saturated ring” and the “unsaturated ring” is the “unsaturated ring” unless otherwise indicated in the description.
The “monocyclic ring” is preferably a benzene ring unless otherwise indicated in the description.
The “unsaturated ring” is preferably a benzene ring unless otherwise indicated in the description.
In the case where the “one or more combinations of combinations each including adjacent two or more” each are “bonded to each other to form a substituted or unsubstituted monocyclic ring”, or each are “bonded to each other to form a substituted or unsubstituted condensed ring”, it is preferred that the one or more combinations of combinations each including adjacent two or more each are bonded to each other to form a substituted or unsubstituted “unsaturated ring” containing the plural atoms of the core skeleton and 1 or more and 15 or less at least one kind of an element selected from the group consisting of a carbon element, a nitrogen element, an oxygen element, and a sulfur element, unless otherwise indicated in the description.
In the case where the “monocyclic ring” or the “condensed ring” has a substituent, the substituent is, for example, an “arbitrary substituent” described later. In the case where the “monocyclic ring” or the “condensed ring” has a substituent, specific examples of the substituent include the substituents explained in the section “Substituents in Description” described above.
In the case where the “saturated ring” or the “unsaturated ring” has a substituent, the substituent is, for example, an “arbitrary substituent” described later. In the case where the “monocyclic ring” or the “condensed ring” has a substituent, specific examples of the substituent include the substituents explained in the section “Substituents in Description” described above.
The above are the explanation of the case where “one or more combinations of combinations each including adjacent two or more” each are “bonded to each other to form a substituted or unsubstituted monocyclic ring”, and the case where “one or more combinations of combinations each including adjacent two or more” each are “bonded to each other to form a substituted or unsubstituted condensed ring” (i.e., the “case forming a ring by bonding”).
In one embodiment in the description herein, the substituent for the case of “substituted or unsubstituted” (which may be hereinafter referred to as an “arbitrary substituent”) is, for example, a group selected from the group consisting of
an unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 50 carbon atoms,
an unsubstituted alkenyl group having 2 to 50 carbon atoms,
an unsubstituted alkynyl group having 2 to 50 carbon atoms,
an unsubstituted cycloalkyl group having 3 to 50 ring carbon atoms,
—Si(R901)(R902)(R903),
—O—(R904),
—S—(R905),
—N(R906)(R907),
a halogen atom, a cyano group, a nitro group,
an unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 50 ring carbon atoms, and
an unsubstituted heterocyclic group having 5 to 50 ring atoms,
wherein R901 to R907 each independently represent
a hydrogen atom,
a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 50 carbon atoms
a substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl group having 3 to 50 ring carbon atoms,
a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 50 ring carbon atoms, or
a substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic group having 5 to 50 ring atoms.
In the case where two or more groups each represented by R901 exist, the two or more groups each represented by R901 are the same as or different from each other,
in the case where two or more groups each represented by R902 exist, the two or more groups each represented by R902 are the same as or different from each other,
in the case where two or more groups each represented by R903 exist, the two or more groups each represented by R903 are the same as or different from each other,
in the case where two or more groups each represented by R904 exist, the two or more groups each represented by R904 are the same as or different from each other,
in the case where two or more groups each represented by R905 exist, the two or more groups each represented by R905 are the same as or different from each other,
in the case where two or more groups each represented by R906 exist, the two or more groups each represented by R906 are the same as or different from each other, and
in the case where two or more groups each represented by R907 exist, the two or more groups each represented by R907 are the same as or different from each other.
In one embodiment, the substituent for the case of “substituted or unsubstituted” may be a group selected from the group consisting of
an alkyl group having 1 to 50 carbon atoms,
an aryl group having 6 to 50 ring carbon atoms, and
a heterocyclic group having 5 to 50 ring atoms.
In one embodiment, the substituent for the case of “substituted or unsubstituted” may be a group selected from the group consisting of
an alkyl group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms,
an aryl group having 6 to 18 ring carbon atoms, and
a heterocyclic group having 5 to 18 ring atoms.
The specific examples of the groups for the arbitrary substituent described above are the specific examples of the substituent described in the section “Substituents in Description” described above.
In the description herein, the arbitrary adjacent substituents may form a “saturated ring” or an “unsaturated ring”, preferably form a substituted or unsubstituted saturated 5-membered ring, a substituted or unsubstituted saturated 6-membered ring, a substituted or unsubstituted unsaturated 5-membered ring, or a substituted or unsubstituted unsaturated 6-membered ring, and more preferably form a benzene ring, unless otherwise indicated.
In the description herein, the arbitrary substituent may further have a substituent unless otherwise indicated in the description. The definition of the substituent that the arbitrary substituent further has may be the same as the arbitrary substituent.
In the description herein, a numerical range shown by “AA to BB” means a range including the numerical value AA as the former of “AA to BB” as the lower limit value and the numerical value BB as the latter of “AA to BB” as the upper limit value.
The compound of the invention will be described below.
The compound of the invention represented by formula (1). The compound represented by formula (1) or the formula mentioned below may be simply called as “inventive compound.”
The symbols in formula (1) and each of formulae mentioned below will be explained below.
R1 to R9 are each independently selected from a hydrogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 50 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl group having 3 to 50 ring carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 50 ring carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic group having 5 to 50 ring atoms, and a cyano group, preferably selected from a hydrogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 50 carbon atoms, and a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 50 ring carbon atoms, and more preferably a hydrogen atom.
R1 to R9 may be all hydrogen atoms.
The details of the substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 50 carbon atoms represented by R1 to R9 are as described above in “Substituents in Description.”
The unsubstituted alkyl group is preferably a methyl group, an ethyl group, a n-propyl group, an isopropyl group, a n-butyl group, an isobutyl group, a s-butyl group, a t-butyl group, or a n-pentyl group, more preferably a methyl group, an ethyl group, an isopropyl group, or a t-butyl group, and still more preferably a methyl group or a t-butyl group.
The details of the substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl group having 3 to 50 ring carbon atoms represented by R1 to R9 are as described above in “Substituents in Description.”
The unsubstituted cycloalkyl group is preferably a cyclopropyl group, a cyclobutyl group, a cyclopentyl group, a cyclohexyl group, an adamantyl group, or a norbornyl group.
The details of the substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 50 ring carbon atoms represented by R1 to R9 are as described above in “Substituents in Description.”
The unsubstituted aryl group is preferably a phenyl group, a biphenylyl group, a terphenylyl group, a naphthyl group, an anthryl group, a phenanthryl group, a phenalenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, a tetracenyl group, a pentacenyl group, a fluorenyl group, a fluoranthenyl group, a perylenyl group, or a 9,9′-spirobifluorenyl group, more preferably a phenyl group, a biphenylyl group, a terphenylyl group, a naphthyl group, or a phenanthryl group, still more preferably a phenyl group, a biphenylyl group, or a naphthyl group, and particularly preferably a phenyl group.
The substituted aryl group is preferably a 9,9-dimethylfluorenyl group or a 9,9-diphenylfluorenyl group.
The details of the substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic group having 5 to 50 ring atoms represented by R1 to R9 are as described above in “Substituents in Description.”
The unsubstituted heterocyclic group is preferably a pyridyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a triazinyl group, a quinolyl group, an isoquinolyl group, a quinazolinyl group, a benzimidazolyl group, a phenanthrolinyl group, a carbazolyl group (1-carbazolyl group, 2-carbazolyl group, 3-carbazolyl group, 4-carbazolyl group, or 9-carbazolyl group), a benzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, a naphthobenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, or a naphthobenzothiophenyl group, more preferably a pyridyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a carbazolyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, a naphthobenzofuranyl group, or a dibenzothiophenyl group, and still more preferably a pyridyl group, a carbazolyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, a naphthobenzofuranyl group, or a dibenzothiophenyl group.
The substituted heterocyclic group is preferably 9-phenylcarbazolyl group (9-phenylcarbazole-1-yl group, 9-phenylcarbazole-2-yl group, 9-phenylcarbazole-3-yl group, or 9-phenylcarbazole-4-yl group), a diphenylcarbazole-9-yl group, or a phenylcarbazole-9-yl group.
In one or more pairs selected from R1 and R2, R2 and R3, R3 and R4, R4 and R5, R6 and R7, R7 and R8, and R8 and R9, adjacent two may be bonded to each other to form a substituted or unsubstituted ring structure or may be not bonded to each other thereby failing to form a ring structure.
The substituted or unsubstituted ring structure is selected, for example, from a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon ring, a substituted or unsubstituted aliphatic hydrocarbon ring, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic heterocyclic ring, and a substituted or unsubstituted aliphatic heterocyclic ring.
The aromatic hydrocarbon ring is, for example, a benzene ring, a biphenylene ring, a naphthalene ring, an anthracene ring, a benzanthracene ring, a phenanthrene ring, a benzophenanthrene ring, a phenalene ring, a pyrene ring, a chrysene ring, a 1,1-dimethylindene ring, or a triphenylene ring, preferably a benzene ring or a naphthalene ring, and more preferably a benzene ring.
The aliphatic hydrocarbon ring is, for example, a cyclopentene ring, a cyclopentadiene ring, a cyclohexene ring, a cyclohexadiene ring, or an aliphatic hydrocarbon ring that is obtained by partially hydrogenating the above aromatic hydrocarbon ring.
The aromatic heterocyclic ring is, for example, a pyrrole ring, a furan ring, a thiophene ring, a pyridine ring, an imidazole ring, a pyrazole ring, an indole ring, an isoindole ring, a benzofuran ring, an isobenzofuran ring a benzothiophene ring, a benzimidazole ring, an indazole ring, a dibenzofuran ring, a naphthobenzofuran ring, a dibenzothiophene ring, a naphthobenzothiophene ring, a carbazole ring, or a benzocarbazole ring.
The aliphatic heterocyclic ring is, for example, an aliphatic heterocyclic ring that is obtained by partially hydrogenating the above aromatic heterocyclic ring.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, adjacent two in one pair selected from R1 and R2, R2 and R3, R7 and R8, or R8R9 are bonded to each other to form a benzene ring.
R1 and R9 may be bonded to each other to form —CRaRb— that crosslinks two benzene rings or R1 and R9 may be not bonded to each other. Thus, the inventive compound includes the compound represented by formula (1a) or (1b).
wherein R1 and R9 are not bonded to each other.
The details of R1 to R9 when R1 and R9 are not bonded to each other are as described above and R1 to R9 may be all hydrogen atoms.
The details of R2 to R8 when R1 and R9 are bonded to each other to form —CRaRb— that crosslinks two benzene rings are as described above and R2 to R8 may be all hydrogen atoms.
Ra and Rb are independently selected from a hydrogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 50 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl group having 3 to 50 ring carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 50 ring carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic group having 5 to 50 ring atoms, and a cyano group. Preferably Ra and Rb are independently selected from a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 50 carbon atoms and a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 50 ring carbon atoms.
The details of the substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 50 carbon atoms, the substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl group having 3 to 50 ring carbon atoms, the substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 50 ring carbon atoms, and the substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic group having 5 to 50 ring atoms that are represented by Ra and Rb are the same as the details of the corresponding groups described above with respect to R1 to R9.
The structure of the inventive compound represented by formula:
is preferably selected from the following groups.
More preferably the structure represented by formula (10) is selected from the following groups.
Still more preferably the structure represented by formula (10) is selected from the following groups.
Two selected from Y1 to Y3 are nitrogen atoms and remaining one is CR, or Y1 to Y3 are all nitrogen atoms. Preferably, Y1 to Y3 are all nitrogen atoms. Thus, the inventive compound includes the compound represented by any one of formulae (2a) to (2d).
R is selected from a hydrogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 50 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl group having 3 to 50 ring carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 50 ring carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic group having 5 to 50 ring atoms, and a cyano group. Preferably R is selected from a hydrogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 50 carbon atoms, and a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 50 ring carbon atoms, and more preferably a hydrogen atom.
The details of the substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 50 carbon atoms, the substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl group having 3 to 50 ring carbon atoms, the substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 50 ring carbon atoms, and the substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic group having 5 to 50 ring atoms are the same as the details of the corresponding groups described above with respect to R1 to R9.
X1 is an oxygen atom or a sulfur atom and preferably a sulfur atom. Thus, the inventive compound includes the compound represented by formula (3a) or (3b).
R21 to R27 are all hydrogen atoms.
L is selected from a substituted or unsubstituted arylene group having 6 to 50 ring carbon atoms and a substituted or unsubstituted divalent heterocyclic group having 5 to 30 ring atoms, and preferably a substituted or unsubstituted arylene group having 6 to 50 ring carbon atoms.
The details of the substituted or unsubstituted arylene group having 6 to 50 ring carbon atoms represented by L are as described above in “Substituents in Description.”
The unsubstituted arylene group is preferably a divalent group derived by removing one hydrogen atom on the aromatic hydrocarbon ring of an aryl group selected from a phenyl group, a biphenylyl group, a terphenylyl group, a naphthyl group, a phenanthryl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, a fluorenyl group, or a 9,9′-spirobifluorenyl group, more preferably a phenylene group, a biphenylylene group, or a naphthylene group, still more preferably a p-phenylene group, a m-phenylene group, a p-biphenyl-4,4′-diyl group, a p-biphenyl-3,5-diyl group, a p-biphenyl-3,3′-diyl group, or a p-biphenyl-3,4′-diyl group, and particularly preferably a p-phenylene group.
The substituent of the arylene group is preferably a dibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, a carbazolyl group, or a 9,9-dimethylfluorenyl group and more preferably 2- or 4-dibenzofuranyl group, a 2- or 4-dibenzothiophenyl group, or a 9,9-dimethylfluorene-2-yl group.
The details of the substituted or unsubstituted divalent heterocyclic group having 5 to 30 ring atoms represented by L are as described above in “Substituents in Description.”
The unsubstituted divalent heterocyclic group is a divalent group derived by removing one hydrogen atom on the heterocyclic ring or hydrocarbon ring of a heterocyclic group preferably selected from a pyridyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a triazinyl group, a quinolyl group, an isoquinolyl group, a quinazolinyl group, a benzimidazolyl group, a phenanthrolinyl group, a carbazolyl group (a 1-carbazolyl group, a 2-carbazolyl group, a 3-carbazolyl group, a 4-carbazolyl group, or a 9-carbazolyl group), a benzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, a naphthobenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, or a naphthobenzothiophenyl group and more preferably selected from a pyridyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, or a dibenzothiophenyl group.
The substituted divalent heterocyclic group may include, for example, a divalent group derived from a 9-phenylcarbazolyl group (9-phenylcarbazole-1-yl group, 9-phenylcarbazole-2-yl group, 9-phenylcarbazole-3-yl group, or 9-phenylcarbazole-4-yl group), a diphenylcarbazole-9-yl group, or a phenylcarbazole-9-yl group by removing one hydrogen atom on the hydrocarbon ring.
One of R11 to R14 is a single bond bonded to *a and R11 to R14 not a single bond bonded to *a and R15 to R18 are hydrogen atoms. Thus, the inventive compound includes the compound represented by any one of formulae (4a) to (4d).
X2 is selected from an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, NRA, and CRBRC, preferably an oxygen atom or a sulfur atom, and more preferably a sulfur atom. Thus, the inventive compound includes the compound represented by any one of formulae (5a) to (5d).
RA is selected from a hydrogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 50 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl group having 3 to 50 ring carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 50 ring carbon atoms, and a substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic group having 5 to 50 ring atoms.
The details of the substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 50 carbon atoms, the substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl group having 3 to 50 ring carbon atoms, the substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 50 ring carbon atoms, and the substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic group having 5 to 50 ring atoms represented by RA are the same as the details of the corresponding groups described above with respect to R1 to R9.
RA is preferably a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 50 ring carbon atoms and more preferably a phenyl group.
RB and RC are independently selected from a hydrogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 50 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl group having 3 to 50 ring carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 50 ring carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic group having 5 to 50 ring atoms, and a cyano group.
The details of the substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 50 carbon atoms, the substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl group having 3 to 50 ring carbon atoms, the substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 50 ring carbon atoms, and the substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic group having 5 to 50 ring atoms represented by RB and RC are the same as the details of the corresponding groups described above with respect to R1 to R9.
Preferably RB and RC are independently selected from a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 50 carbon atoms and a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 50 ring carbon atoms. More preferably RB and RC are independently selected from a methyl group, an ethyl group, and a phenyl group and still more preferably independently selected from a methyl group and a phenyl group.
When RB and RC are each independently a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 50 ring carbon atoms, two aryl groups may be crosslinked by —O— or —S—. Thus, the inventive compound includes the compound represented by formula (6):
wherein RB and RC are each independently a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 50 ring carbon atoms and L1 is an oxygen atom or a sulfur atom.
RB and RC of formula (6) are each preferably independently a substituted or unsubstituted phenyl group. In this case, RB and RC together with the spiro carbon atom and L1 form a xanthene ring or a thioxanthene ring that forms a spiro structure. Thus, the compound represented by formula (6) includes the compound represented by formula (6a) or (6b).
In an embodiment of the invention, the inventive compound is preferably represented by formula (10):
wherein X1, X2, L, *a, R1 to R9, R11 to R18, and R21 to R27 are as defined in formula (1), provided that R1 and R9 are not bended to each other.
In another embodiment of the invention, the inventive compound is preferably represented by formula (11):
wherein X2, L, *a, R1 to R9, R11 to R18, are R21 to R27 are as defined in formula (1).
In another embodiment of the invention, the inventive compound is preferably represented by any one of formulae (12) to (15):
wherein X1, X2, L, R1 to R9, R11 to R18, and R21 to R27 are as defined in formula (1).
In another embodiment of the invention, the inventive compound is preferably represented by formula (16):
wherein X1, L, *a, R1 to R9, R11 to R18, and R21 to R27 are as defined in formula (1).
The details of the substituent (optional substituent) referred to by “substituted or unsubstituted” in the definition of each group mentioned above are as described above in “Substituent for “Substituted or Unsubstituted”.”
As noted above, the “hydrogen atom” referred herein includes a light hydrogen (protium), a heavy hydrogen (deuterium), and tritium. Therefore, the inventive compound may include a naturally occurring heavy hydrogen atom.
In addition, a heavy hydrogen atom may be intentionally introduced into the inventive compound by using a deuterated compound as a part or whole of the raw materials. Thus, in an embodiment of the invention, the inventive compound comprises at least one heavy hydrogen atom. Therefore, the inventive compound may be a compound that is represented by any of formula (1) and preferred formulae thereof, wherein at one of the hydrogen atoms included in the compound is a heavy hydrogen atom.
At least one hydrogen atom selected from the following hydrogen atoms may be a heavy hydrogen atom:
a hydrogen atom represented by any one of R1 to R9;
a hydrogen atom included in the substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, cycloalkyl group, aryl group, or heterocyclic group represented by any one of R1 to R9;
a hydrogen atom represented by Ra or Rb;
a hydrogen atom included in the substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, cycloalkyl group, aryl group, or heterocyclic group represented by Ra or Rb;
a hydrogen atom represented by R;
a hydrogen atom included in the substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, cycloalkyl group, aryl group, or heterocyclic group represented by R;
hydrogen atoms represented by R21 to R27;
a hydrogen atom included in the substituted or unsubstituted arylene group or divalent heterocyclic group represented by L;
a hydrogen atom represented by any one of R11 to R14 not a single bond bonded to *a and R15 to R18;
a hydrogen atom represented by RA;
a hydrogen atom included in the substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, cycloalkyl group, aryl group, or heterocyclic group represented by RA;
a hydrogen atom represented by RB or RC; and
a hydrogen atom included in the substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, cycloalkyl group, aryl group, or heterocyclic group represented by RB or RC.
The deuteration rate of the inventive compound (the ratio of the number of heavy hydrogen atoms to the total number of hydrogen atoms in the inventive compound) depends on the deuteration rate of the raw material to be used. It is generally difficult to use the raw materials each having a deuteration rate of 100%. Therefore, the deuteration rate of the inventive compound is less than 100% and 1% or more, preferably 3% or more, more preferably 5% or more, and still more preferably 10% or more.
The inventive compound may be a mixture of a deuterated compound (a compound to which a heavy hydrogen atom is intentionally introduced) and a non-deuterated compound or a mixture of two or more compounds having different deuteration rates. The deuteration rate of such a mixture (the ratio of the number of heavy hydrogen atoms to the total number of hydrogen atoms in the inventive compound) is 1% or more, preferably 3% or more, more preferably 5% or more, and still more preferably 10% or more, and less than 100%.
In the inventive compound, at least one hydrogen atom selected from a hydrogen atom represented by any one of R1 to R9 and a hydrogen atom included in the substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, cycloalkyl group, aryl group, heterocyclic group represented by any one of R1 to R9 may be a heavy hydrogen atom. The deuteration rate (the ratio of the number of heavy hydrogen atom(s) to the total number of hydrogen atoms each included in R1 to R9) is 1% or more, preferably 3% or more, more preferably 5% or more, and still more preferably 10% or more, and less than 100%.
In the inventive compound, at least one hydrogen atom selected from a hydrogen atom represented by R or a hydrogen atom included in the substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, cycloalkyl group, aryl group, or heterocyclic group represented by R may be a heavy hydrogen atom. The deuteration rate (the ratio of the number of heavy hydrogen atom(s) to the total number of hydrogen atoms each included in R) is 1% or more, preferably 3% or more, more preferably 5% or more, and still more preferably 10% or more, and less than 100%.
In the inventive compound, at least one hydrogen atom selected from the hydrogen atoms represented by R21 to R27 may be a heavy hydrogen atom. The deuteration rate (the ratio of the number of heavy hydrogen atom(s) to the total number of hydrogen atoms each included in R21 to R27) is 1% or more, preferably 3% or more, more preferably 5% or more, and still more preferably 10% or more, and less than 100%.
In the inventive compound, at least one hydrogen atom included in the substituted or unsubstituted arylene group or divalent heterocyclic group represented by L may be a heavy hydrogen atom. The deuteration rate (the ratio of the number of heavy hydrogen atom(s) to the total number of hydrogen atoms each included in L) is 1% or more, preferably 3% or more, more preferably 5% or more, and still more preferably 10% or more, and less than 100%.
In the inventive compound, at least one hydrogen atom selected from the hydrogen atoms represented by R11 to R14 not a single bond bonded to *a and R15 to R18 may be a heavy hydrogen atom. The deuteration rate (the ratio of the number of heavy hydrogen atom(s) to the total number of hydrogen atoms each included in R11 to R14 not a single bond bonded to *a and R15 to R18) is 1% or more, preferably 3% or more, more preferably 5% or more, and still more preferably 10% or more, and less than 100%.
In the inventive compound, at least one hydrogen atom selected from a hydrogen atom represented by RA or a hydrogen atom included in the substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, cycloalkyl group, aryl group, or heterocyclic group represented by RA may be a heavy hydrogen atom. The deuteration rate (the ratio of the number of heavy hydrogen atom(s) to the total number of hydrogen atoms each included in RA) is 1% or more, preferably 3% or more, more preferably 5% or more, and still more preferably 10% or more, and less than 100%.
In the inventive compound, at least one hydrogen atom selected from a hydrogen atom represented by RB or RC or a hydrogen atom included in the substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, cycloalkyl group, aryl group, or heterocyclic group represented by RB or RC may be a heavy hydrogen atom. The deuteration rate (the ratio of the number of heavy hydrogen atom(s) to the total number of hydrogen atoms each included in RB or RC) is 1% or more, preferably 3% or more, more preferably 5% or more, and still more preferably 10% or more, and less than 100%.
One of ordinary skill in the art could easily produce the inventive compound by referring to the Synthesis Examples mentioned below and known synthesis methods.
Examples of the inventive compound are shown below, although not limited thereto.
In the following exemplary compounds, D means a heavy hydrogen atom (deuterium). D in Dn means that at least one selected from the hydrogen atoms in each exemplary compound is a heavy hydrogen atom and n in Dn is the number of heavy hydrogen atoms in the exemplary compound.
The material for organic electroluminescence devices comprises the inventive compound. The content of the inventive compound in the material for organic electroluminescence devices is, for example, 1% by mass or more (inclusive of 100%), preferably 10% by mass or more (inclusive of 100%), more preferably 50% by mass or more (inclusive of 100%), still more preferably 80% by mass or more (inclusive of 100%), and particularly preferably 90% by mass or more (inclusive of 100%). The material for organic electroluminescence devices is useful to produce an organic EL device.
The organic electroluminescence device of the invention comprises an anode, a cathode, and an organic layer disposed between the anode and the cathode. The organic layer comprises a light emitting layer and at least one layer of the organic layer comprises the inventive compound.
Examples of the organic layer which comprises the inventive compound include a hole transporting region formed between an anode and a light emitting layer, such as a hole transporting layer, a hole injecting layer, an electron blocking layer, and an exciton blocking layer, a light emitting layer, a space layer, and an electron transporting region formed between a cathode and a light emitting layer, such as an electron transporting layer, an electron injecting layer, and a hole blocking layer, although not limited thereto. The inventive compound is used to produce a fluorescent or phosphorescent EL device preferably as a material for an electron transporting region or a light emitting layer, more preferably as a material for an electron transporting region, still more preferably as a material for an electron injecting layer, an electron transporting layer, a hole blocking layer or an exciton blocking layer, and particularly preferably an electron injection layer or an electron transporting layer.
The organic EL device of the invention may be any of a fluorescent or phosphorescent single color emitting device, a white-emitting device of fluorescent-phosphorescent hybrid type, a simple-type emitting device having a single emission unit, and a tandem emitting device having two or more emission units. The “emission unit” referred to herein is the smallest unit for emitting light by the recombination of injected holes and injected electrons, which comprises an organic layer, wherein at least one layer is a light emitting layer.
Representative device structures of the simple-type organic EL device are shown below:
The emission unit may be a multi-layered structure comprising two or more layers selected from a phosphorescent light emitting layer and a fluorescent light emitting layer. A space layer may be disposed between the light emitting layers to prevent the diffusion of excitons generated in the phosphorescent light emitting layer into the fluorescent light emitting layer. Representative layered structures of the simple-type emission unit are shown below, wherein the layers in parentheses are optional:
(a) (Hole injecting layer/)Hole transporting layer/Fluorescent emitting layer/Electron transporting layer(/Electron injecting layer);
(b) (Hole injecting layer/)Hole transporting layer/Phosphorescent emitting layer/Electron transporting layer(/Electron injecting layer);
(c) (Hole injecting layer/)Hole transporting layer/First fluorescent emitting layer/Second fluorescent emitting layer/Electron transporting layer(/Electron injecting layer);
(d) (Hole injecting layer/)Hole transporting layer/First phosphorescent emitting layer/Second phosphorescent emitting layer/Electron transporting layer(/Electron injecting layer);
(e) (Hole injecting layer/)Hole transporting layer/Phosphorescent emitting layer/Space layer/Fluorescent emitting layer/Electron transporting layer(/Electron injecting layer);
(f) (Hole injecting layer/)Hole transporting layer/First phosphorescent emitting layer/Second phosphorescent emitting layer/Space layer/Fluorescent emitting layer/Electron transporting layer(/Electron injecting layer);
(g) (Hole injecting layer/)Hole transporting layer/First phosphorescent emitting layer/Space layer/Second phosphorescent emitting layer/Space layer/Fluorescent emitting layer/Electron transporting layer(/Electron injecting layer);
(h) (Hole injecting layer/)Hole transporting layer/Phosphorescent emitting layer/Space layer/First fluorescent emitting layer/Second fluorescent emitting layer/Electron transporting layer(/Electron injecting layer);
(i) (Hole injecting layer/)Hole transporting layer/Electron blocking layer/Fluorescent emitting layer/Electron transporting layer(/Electron injecting layer);
(j) (Hole injecting layer/)Hole transporting layer/Electron blocking layer/Phosphorescent emitting layer/Electron transporting layer(/Electron injecting layer);
(k) (Hole injecting layer/)Hole transporting layer/Exciton blocking layer/Fluorescent emitting layer/Electron transporting layer(/Electron injecting layer);
(l) (Hole injecting layer/)Hole transporting layer/Exciton blocking layer/Phosphorescent emitting layer/Electron transporting layer(/Electron injecting layer);
(m) (Hole injecting layer/)First hole transporting layer/Second hole transporting layer/Fluorescent emitting layer/Electron transporting layer(/Electron injecting layer);
(n) (Hole injecting layer/)First hole transporting layer/Second hole transporting layer/Phosphorescent emitting layer/Electron transporting layer(/Electron injecting layer);
(o) (Hole injecting layer/)First hole transporting layer/Second hole transporting layer/Fluorescent emitting layer/First electron transporting layer/Second electron transporting layer(/Electron injecting layer);
(p) (Hole injecting layer/)First hole transporting layer/Second hole transporting layer/Phosphorescent emitting layer/First electron transporting layer/Second electron transporting layer(/Electron injecting layer);
(q) (Hole injecting layer/)Hole transporting layer/Fluorescent emitting layer/Hole blocking layer/Electron transporting layer(/Electron injecting layer/Electron injecting layer);
(r) (Hole injecting layer/)Hole transporting layer/Phosphorescent emitting layer/Hole blocking layer/Electron transporting layer(/Electron injecting layer);
(s) (Hole injecting layer/)Hole transporting layer/Fluorescent emitting layer/Exciton blocking layer/Electron transporting layer(/Electron injecting layer); and
(t) (Hole injecting layer/)Hole transporting layer/Phosphorescent emitting layer/Exciton blocking layer/Electron transporting layer(/Electron injecting layer).
The emission colors of phosphorescent emitting layers or fluorescent emitting layers may be different. For example, the emission unit (f) may be (Hole injecting layer)/Hole transporting layer/First phosphorescent emitting layer (red emission)/Second phosphorescent emitting layer (green emission)/Space layer/Fluorescent emitting layer (blue emission)/Electron transporting layer.
An electron blocking layer may be disposed between each light emitting layer and the hole transporting layer or between each light emitting layer and the space layer, if necessary. Also, a hole blocking layer may be disposed between each light emitting layer and the electron transporting layer, if necessary. With such an electron blocking layer or a hole blocking layer, electrons and holes are confined in the light emitting layer to increase the charge recombination in the light emitting layer, thereby improving the emission efficiency.
Representative device structure of the tandem-type organic EL device is shown below:
The layered structure of the first emission unit and the second emission unit may be selected from those described above with respect to the emission unit.
Generally the intermediate layer is also called an intermediate electrode, an intermediate conductive layer, a charge generation layer, an electron withdrawing layer, a connecting layer, or an intermediate insulating layer. The intermediate layer supplies electrons to the first emission unit and holes to the second emission unit and may be formed by known materials.
In the present invention, a host is referred to as a fluorescent host when combinedly used with a fluorescent dopant (fluorescent emitting material) and as a phosphorescent host when combinedly used with a phosphorescent dopant (phosphorescent emitting material). Therefore, the fluorescent host and the phosphorescent host are not distinguished from each other merely by the difference in their molecular structures. Namely, in the present invention, the term “phosphorescent host” means a material for constituting a phosphorescent emitting layer containing a phosphorescent dopant and does not mean a material that cannot be used as a material for a fluorescent emitting layer. The same applies to the fluorescent host.
The substrate is a support for the emitting device and made of, for example, glass, quartz, and plastics. The substrate may be a flexible substrate, for example, a plastic substrate made of polycarbonate, polyarylate, polyether sulfone, polypropylene, polyester, polyvinyl fluoride, or polyvinyl chloride. An inorganic deposition film is also usable.
The anode is formed on the substrate preferably from a metal, an alloy, an electrically conductive compound, and a mixture thereof, each having a large work function, for example, 4.0 eV or more. Examples of the material for the anode include indium oxide-tin oxide (ITO: indium tin oxide), indium oxide-tin oxide doped with silicon or silicon oxide, indium oxide-zinc oxide, indium oxide doped with tungsten oxide and zinc oxide, and graphene. In addition, gold (Au), platinum (Pt), nickel (Ni), tungsten (W), chromium (Cr), molybdenum (Mo, iron (Fe), cobalt (Co), copper (Cu), palladium (Pd), titanium (Ti), and a nitride of the above metal (for example, titanium nitride) are also usable.
These anode materials are made into a film generally by a sputtering method. For example, a film of indium oxide-zinc oxide is formed by sputtering an indium oxide target doped with 1 to 10 wt % of zinc oxide, and a film of indium oxide doped with tungsten oxide and zinc oxide is formed by sputtering an indium oxide target doped with 0.5 to 5 wt % of tungsten oxide and 0.1 to 1 wt % of zinc oxide. In addition, a vacuum vapor deposition method, a coating method, an inkjet method, and a spin coating method are usable.
A hole injecting layer to be optionally formed in contact with the anode is formed from a material which is capable of easily injecting holes independently of the work function of the anode. Therefore, the anode can be formed by a material generally known as an electrode material, for example, a metal, an alloy, an electroconductive compound, a mixture thereof, and a group 1 element and a group 2 element of the periodic table.
A material having a small work function belonging to a group 1 or a group 2 of the periodic table, for example, an alkali metal, such as lithium (Li) and cesium (Cs), an alkaline earth metal, such as magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca), and strontium (Sr), and an alloy thereof, such as MgAg and AlLi, are also usable as an anode material. In addition, a rare earth metal, such as europium and ytterbium, and an alloy thereof are also usable. The alkali metal, the alkaline earth metal, and the alloy thereof is made into the anode by a vacuum vapor deposition or a sputtering method. When a silver paste is used, a coating method and an inkjet method are usable.
The hole injecting layer comprises a material having a high hole injecting ability (hole injecting material) and formed between an anode and a light emitting layer or between an anode and a hole transporting layer, if present.
Examples of the hole injecting material include molybdenum oxide, titanium oxide, vanadium oxide, rhenium oxide, ruthenium oxide, chromium oxide, zirconium oxide, hafnium oxide, tantalum oxide, silver oxide, tungsten oxide, and manganese oxide.
The following low molecular aromatic amine compound is also usable as the hole injecting layer material: 4,4′,4″-tris(N,N-diphenylamino)triphenylamine (TDATA), 4,4′,4″-tris[N-(3-methylphenyl)-N-phenylamino]triphenylamine (MTDATA), 4,4′-bis[N-(4-diphenylaminophenyl)-N-phenylamino]biphenyl (DPAB), 4,4′-bis(N-{4-[N′-(3-methylphenyl)-N′-phenylamino]phenyl}-N-phenylamino)biphenyl (DNTPD), 1,3,5-tris[N-(4-diphenylaminophenyl)-N-phenylamino]benzene (DPA3B), 3-[N-(9-phenylcarbazole-3-yl)-N-phenylamino]-9-phenylcarbazole (PCzPCA1), 3,6-bis[N-(9-phenylcarbazole-3-yl)-N-phenylamino]-9-phenylcarbazole (PCzPCA2), and 3-[N-(1-naphthyl)-N-(9-phenylcarbazole-3-yl)amino]-9-phenylcarbazole (PCzPCN1).
A macromolecular compound, such as an oligomer, a dendrimer, a polymer, is also usable as the hole injecting layer material. Examples thereof include poly(N-vinylcarbazole) (PVK), poly(4-vinyltriphenylamine) (PVTPA), poly[N-(4-{N′-[4-(4-diphenylamino)phenyl]phenyl-N′-phenylamino}phenyl)methacrylamide] (PTPDMA), and poly[N,N′-bis(4-butylphenyl)-N,N′-bis(phenyl)benzidine] (Poly-TPD). A macromolecular compound doped with an acid, such as poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)/poly(styrenesulfonic acid) (PEDOT/PSS) and polyaniline/poly(styrenesulfonic acid) (PAni/PSS), is also usable.
In addition, an acceptor material, such as a hexaazatriphenylene (HAT) compound represented by formula (K), is preferably used:
wherein:
R21 to R26 are each independently a cyano group, —CONH2, a carboxyl group, or —COOR27 wherein R27 is an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms or a cycloalkyl group having 3 to 20 ring carbon atoms, or
adjacent two selected from R21 and R22, R23 and R24, and R25 and R26 may be bonded to each other to form a group represented by —CO—O—CO—.
Examples of R27 include a methyl group, an ethyl group, a n-propyl group, an isopropyl group, a n-butyl group, an isobutyl group, a t-butyl group, a cyclopentyl group, and a cyclohexyl group.
The hole transporting layer comprises a material having a high hole transporting ability (hole transporting material) and formed between an anode and a light emitting layer or between a hole injecting layer, if present, and a light emitting layer.
The hole transporting layer may be a single layer or a multi-layer of two or more layers. For example, the hole transporting layer may be a two-layered structure comprising a first hole transporting layer (anode side) and a second hole transporting layer (cathode side). In an embodiment of the invention, a hole transporting layer of a single-layered structure is preferably in contact with a light emitting layer and a hole transporting layer in a multi-layered structure which is closest to a cathode, for example, the second hole transporting layer in the two-layered structure mentioned above, is preferably in contact with a light emitting layer. In another embodiment of the invention, an electron blocking layer may be disposed between the light emitting layer and the hole transporting layer of the single-layered structure or between the light emitting layer and the hole transporting layer in the multi-layered structure which is closest to the light emitting layer.
Examples of the hole transporting layer material includes an aromatic amine compound, a carbazole derivative, and an anthracene derivative.
Examples of the aromatic amine compound include 4,4′-bis[N-(1-naphthyl)-N-phenylamino]biphenyl (NPB), N,N′-bis(3-methylphenyl)-N,N′-diphenyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-4,4′-diamine (TPD), 4-phenyl-4′-(9-phenylfluorene-9-yl)triphenylamine (BAFLP), 4,4′-bis[N-(9,9-dimethylfluorene-2-yl)-N-phenylamino]biphenyl (DFLDPBi), 4,4′,4″-tris(N,N-diphenylamino)triphenylamine (TDATA), 4,4′,4″-tris[N-(3-methylphenyl)-N-phenylamino]triphenylamine (MTDATA), and 4,4′-bis[N-(spiro-9,9′-bifluorene-2-yl)-N-phenylamino]biphenyl (BSPB). The above compounds have a hole mobility of 10−6 cm2/Vs or more.
Examples of the carbazole derivative include 4,4′-di(9-carbazolyl)biphenyl (CBP), 9-[4-(9-carbazolyl)phenyl]-10-phenylanthracene (CzPA), and 9-phenyl-3-[4-(10-phenyl-9-anthryl)phenyl]-9H-carbazole (PCzPA).
Examples of the anthracene derivative include 2-t-butyl-9,10-di(2-naphthyl)anthracene (t-BuDNA), 9,10-di(2-naphthyl)anthracene (DNA), and 9,10-diphenylanthracene (DPAnth).
In addition, a macromolecular compound, such as poly(N-vinylcarbazole) (PVK) and poly(4-vinyltriphenylamine) (PVTPA) are usable.
Compounds other than those mentioned above are also usable, if their hole transporting ability is higher than their electron transporting ability.
The light emitting layer comprises a highly light-emitting material (dopant material) and may be formed from a various kind of materials. For example, a fluorescent emitting material and a phosphorescent emitting material are usable as the dopant material. The fluorescent emitting material is a compound capable of emitting light from a singlet excited state, and the phosphorescent emitting material is a compound capable of emitting light from a triplet excited state.
Examples of blue fluorescent emitting material usable in the light emitting layer include a pyrene derivative, a styrylamine derivative, a chrysene derivative, a fluoranthene derivative, a fluorene derivative, a diamine derivative, and a triarylamine derivative, such as N,N′-bis[4-(9H-carbazole-9-yl)phenyl]-N,N′-diphenylstilbene-4,4′-diamine (YGA2S), 4-(9H-carbazole-9-yl)-4′-(10-phenyl-9-anthryl)triphenylamine (YGAPA), and 4-(10-phenyl-9-anthryl)-4′-(9-phenyl-9H-carbazole-3-yl)triphenylamine (PCBAPA).
Examples of green fluorescent emitting material usable in the light emitting layer include an aromatic amine derivative, such as N-(9,10-diphenyl-2-anthryl)-N,9-diphenyl-9H-carbazole-3-amine (2PCAPA), N-[9,10-bis(1,1′-biphenyl-2-yl)-2-anthryl]-N,9-diphenyl-9H-carbazole-3-amine (2PCABPhA), N-(9,10-diphenyl-2-anthryl)-N,N′,N′-triphenyl-1,4-phenylenediamine (2DPAPA), N-[9,10-bis(1,1′-biphenyl-2-yl)-2-anthryl]-N,N′,N′-triphenyl-1,4-phenylenediamine (2DPABPhA), N-[9,10-bis(1,1′-biphenyl-2-yl)]-N-[4-(9H-carbazole-9-yl)phenyl]-N-phenylanthracene-2-amine (2YGABPhA), and N,N,9-triphenylanthracene-9-amine (DPhAPhA).
Examples of red fluorescent emitting material usable in the light emitting layer include a tetracene derivative and a diamine derivative, such as N,N,N′,N′-tetrakis(4-methylphenyl)tetracene-5,11-diamine (p-mPhTD) and 7,14-diphenyl-N,N,N′,N′-tetrakis(4-methylphenyl)acenaphtho[1,2-a]fluoranthene-3,10-diamine (p-mPhAFD).
Examples of blue phosphorescent emitting material usable in the light emitting layer include a metal complex, such as an iridium complex, an osmium complex, and a platinum complex. Examples thereof include bis[2-(4′,6′-difluorophenyl)pyridinato-N,C2′]iridium(III) tetrakis(1-pyrazolyl)borato (FIr6), bis[2-(4′,6′-difluorophenyl)pyridinato-N,C2′]iridium(III) picolinato (FIrpic), bis[2-(3′,5′-bistrifluoromethylphenyl)pyridinato-N,C2′]iridium(III) picolinato (Ir(CF3ppy)2(pic)), and bis[2-(4′,6′-difluorophenyl)pyridinato-N,C2′]iridium(III) acetylacetonato (FIracac).
Examples of green phosphorescent emitting material usable in the light emitting layer include an iridium complex, such as tris(2-phenylpyridinato-N,C2′)iridium(III) (Ir(ppy)3), bis(2-phenylpyridinato-N,C2′)iridium(III) acetylacetonato (Ir(ppy)2(acac)), bis(1,2-diphenyl-1H-benzimidazolato)iridium(III) acetylacetonato (Ir(pbi)2(acac)), and bis(benzo[h]quinolinato)iridium(III) acetylacetonato (Ir(bzq)2(acac)).
Examples of red phosphorescent emitting material usable in the light emitting layer include a metal complex, such as an iridium complex, a platinum complex, a terbium complex, and a europium complex. Examples thereof include an organometallic complex, such as bis[2-(2′-benzo[4,5-□]thienyl)pyridinato-N,C3′]iridium(III) acetylacetonato (Ir(btp)2(acac)), bis(1-phenylisoquinolinato-N,C2′)iridium(III) acetylacetonato (Ir(piq)2(acac)), (acetylacetonato)bis[2,3-bis(4-fluorophenyl)quinoxalinato]iridium(III) (Ir(Fdpq)2(acac)), and 2,3,7,8,12,13,17,18-octaethyl-21H,23H-porphyrin platinum(II) (PtOEP).
A rare earth metal complex, such as tris(acetylacetonato) (monophenanthroline)terbium(III) (Tb(acac)3(Phen)), tris(1,3-diphenyl-1,3-propanedionato)(monophenanthroline)europium(III) (Eu(DBM)3(Phen)), and tris[1-(2-thenoyl)-3,3,3-trifluoroacetonato](monophenanthroline)europium(III) (Eu(TTA)3(Phen)), emits light from the rare earth metal ion (electron transition between different multiple states), and therefore, usable as a phosphorescent emitting material.
The light emitting layer may be a layer wherein the above dopant material is dispersed in another material (host material). The host material preferably has a lowest unoccupied molecular orbital level (LUMO level) higher than that of the dopant material and a highest occupied molecular orbital level (HOMO level) lower than that of the dopant material.
The host material other the compound (1) may include, for example,
(1) a metal complex, such as an aluminum complex, a beryllium complex, and a zinc complex;
(2) a heterocyclic compound, such as an oxadiazole derivative, a benzimidazole derivative, and a phenanthroline derivative;
(3) a fused aromatic compound, such as a carbazole derivative, an anthracene derivative, a phenanthrene derivative, a pyrene derivative, and a chrysene derivative; and
(4) an aromatic amine compound, such as a triarylamine derivative and a fused aromatic polycyclic amine derivative.
Examples thereof include:
a metal complex, such as tris(8-quinolinolato)aluminum(III) (Alq), tris(4-methyl-8-quinolinolato)aluminum(III) (Almq3), bis(10-hydroxybenzo[h]quinolinato)beryllium(II) (BeBq2), bis(2-methyl-8-quinolinolato)(4-phenylphenolato)aluminum(III) (BAlq), bis(8-quinolinolato)zinc(II) (Znq), bis[2-(2-benzoxazolyl)phenolato]zinc(II) (ZnPBO), and bis[2-(2-benzothiazolyl)phenolato]zinc(II) (ZnBTZ);
a heterocyclic compound, such as 2-(4-biphenylyl)-5-(4-tert-butylphenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole (PBD), 1,3-bis[5-(p-tert-butylphenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole-2-yl]benzene (OXD-7), 3-(4-biphenylyl)-4-phenyl-5-(4-tert-butylphenyl)-1,2,4-triazole (TAZ), 2,2′,2″-(1,3,5-benzenetriyl)tris(1-phenyl-1H-benzimidazole) (TPBI), bathophenanthroline (BPhen), and bathocuproin (BCP);
a fused aromatic compound, such as 9-[4-(10-phenyl-9-anthryl)phenyl]-9H-carbazole (CzPA), 3,6-diphenyl-9-[4-(10-phenyl-9-anthryl)phenyl]-9H-carbazole (DPCzPA), 9,10-bis(3,5-diphenylphenyl)anthracene (DPPA), 9,10-di(2-naphthyl)anthracene (DNA), 2-tert-butyl-9,10-di(2-naphthyl)anthracene (t-BuDNA), 9,9′-bianthryl (BANT), 9,9′-(stilbene-3,3′-diyl)diphenanthrene (DPNS), 9,9′-(stilbene-4,4′-diyl)diphenanthrene (DPNS2), 3,3′,3″-(benzene-1,3,5-triyl)tripyrene (TPB3), 9,10-diphenylanthracene (DPAnth), and 6,12-dimethoxy-5,11-diphenylchrysene; and
an aromatic amine compound, such as N,N-diphenyl-9-[4-(10-phenyl-9-anthryl)phenyl]-9H-carbazole-3-amine (CzA1PA), 4-(10-phenyl-9-anthryl)triphenylamine (DPhPA), N,9-diphenyl-N-[4-(10-phenyl-9-anthryl)phenyl]-9H-carbazole-3-amine (PCAPA), N,9-diphenyl-N-{4-[4-(10-phenyl-9-anthryl)phenyl]phenyl}-9H-carbazole-3-amine (PCAPBA), N-(9,10-diphenyl-2-anthryl)-N,9-diphenyl-9H-carbazole-3-amine (2PCAPA), 4,4′-bis[N-(1-anthryl)-N-phenylamino]biphenyl (NPB or α-NPD), N,N′-bis(3-methylphenyl)-N,N′-diphenyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-4,4′-diamine (TPD), 4,4′-bis[N-(9,9-dimethylfluorene-2-yl)-N-phenylamino]biphenyl (DFLDPBi), and 4,4′-bis[N-(spiro-9,9′-bifluorene-2-yl)-N-phenylamino]biphenyl (BSPB).
The host material may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
In particular, as a host material for a blue fluorescent device, the following anthracene compound is preferably used.
The electron transporting layer comprises a material having a high electron transporting ability (electron transporting material) and formed between a light emitting layer and a cathode or between a light emitting layer and an electron injecting layer, if present.
The electron transporting layer may be a single layer or a multi-layer of two or more layers. For example, the electron transporting layer may be a two-layered structure comprising a first electron transporting layer (anode side) and a second electron transporting layer (cathode side). In an embodiment of the invention, an electron transporting layer of a single-layered structure is preferably in contact with a light emitting layer and an electron transporting layer in a multi-layered structure which is closest to an anode, for example, the first electron transporting layer in the two-layered structure mentioned above, is preferably in contact with a light emitting layer. In another embodiment of the invention, an hole blocking layer mentioned below may be disposed between the light emitting layer and the electron transporting layer of the single-layered structure or between the light emitting layer and the electron transporting layer in the multi-layered structure which is closest to the light emitting layer.
The inventive compound is used as a material for the electron injecting region, preferably a material for an electron injecting layer, an electron transporting layer, a hole blocking layer, or an exciton blocking layer, more preferably a material for an electron injecting layer or an electron transporting layer, and still more preferably as a material for an electron transporting layer.
In the two-layered electron transporting layer, the inventive compound may be included in one of the first electron transporting layer and the second electron transporting layer or may be included in both. In an embodiment of the invention, the inventive compound is preferably included in only the first electron transporting layer. In another embodiment of the invention, the inventive compound is preferably included in only the second electron transporting layer. In still another embodiment of the invention, the inventive compound is preferably included in both the first and second electron transporting layers.
The electron transporting layer material other than the inventive compound may include
(1) a metal complex, such as an aluminum complex, a beryllium complex, and a zinc complex;
(2) a heteroaromatic compound, such as an imidazole derivative, a benzimidazole derivative, an azine derivative, a carbazole derivative, and a phenanthroline derivative; and
(3) a macromolecular compound.
Examples of the metal complex include tris(8-quinolinolato)aluminum (III) (Alq), tris(4-methyl-8-quinolinolato)aluminum (Almq3), bis(10-hydroxybenzo[h]quinolinato)beryllium (BeBq2), bis(2-methyl-8-quinolinato)(4-phenylphenolato)aluminum (III) (BAlq), bis(8-quinolinato)zinc(II) (Znq), bis[2-(2-benzoxazolyl)phenolato]zinc(II) (ZnPBO), and bis[2-(2-benzothiazolyl)phenolato]zinc(II) (ZnBTZ).
Examples of the heteroaromatic compound include 2-(4-biphenylyl)-5-(4-tert-butylphenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole (PBD), 1,3-bis[5-(p-tert-butylphenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole-2-yl]benzene (OXD-7), 3-(4-tert-butylphenyl)-4-phenyl-5-(4-biphenylyl)-1,2,4-triazole (TAZ), 3-(4-tert-butylphenyl)-4-(4-ethylphenyl)-5-(4-biphenylyl)-1,2,4-triazole (p-EtTAZ), bathophenanthroline (BPhen), bathocuproine (BCP), and 4,4′-bis(5-methylbenzoxazole-2-yl)stilbene (BzOs).
Examples of the macromolecular compound include poly[(9,9-dihexylfluorene-2,7-diyl)-co-(pyridine-3,5-diyl)] (PF-Py), and poly[(9,9-dioctylfluorene-2,7-diyl)-co-(2,2′-bipyridine-6,6′-diyl)] (PF-BPy).
The above compounds have an electron mobility of 10−6 cm2/Vs or more. Materials other than those mentioned above are also usable in the electron transporting layer if their electron transporting ability is higher than their hole transporting ability.
The electron injecting layer is a layer comprising a material having a high electron injecting ability, for example, an alkali metal, such as lithium (Li), cesium (Cs), an alkaline earth metal, such as magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca), and strontium (Sr), a rare earth metal, such as europium (Eu) and ytterbium (Yb), and a compound of these metals, such as an alkali metal oxide, an alkali metal halide, an alkali metal-containing organic complex, an alkaline earth metal oxide, an alkaline earth metal halide, an alkaline earth metal-containing organic complex, a rare earth metal oxide, a rare earth metal halide, and a rare metal-containing organic complex. These compounds may be used in combination of two or more.
In addition, an electron transporting material which is doped with an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal or a compound thereof, for example, Alq doped with magnesium (Mg), is also usable. By using such a material, electrons are efficiently injected from the cathode.
A composite material comprising an organic compound and an electron donor is also usable in the electron injecting layer. Such a composite material is excellent in the electron injecting ability and the electron transporting ability because the organic compound receives electrons from the electron donor. The organic compound is preferably a compound excellent in transporting the received electrons. Examples thereof include the materials for the electron transporting layer mentioned above, such as the metal complex and the aromatic heterocyclic compound. Any compound capable of giving its electron to the organic compound is usable as the electron donor. Preferred examples thereof are an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal, and a rare earth metal, such as lithium, cesium, magnesium, calcium, erbium, and ytterbium; an alkali metal oxide and an alkaline earth metal oxide, such as, lithium oxide, calcium oxide, and barium oxide; a Lewis base, such as magnesium oxide; and an organic compound, such as tetrathiafulvalene (TTF).
The cathode is formed preferably from a metal, an alloy an electrically conductive compound, or a mixture thereof, each having a small work function, for example, a work function of 3.8 eV or less. Examples of the material for the cathode include an element belonging to a group 1 or group 2 of the periodic table, i.e., an alkali metal, such as lithium (Li) and cesium (Cs), an alkaline earth metal, such as magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca), and strontium (Sr), an alloy containing these metals (for example, MgAg and AlLi), a rare earth metal, such as europium (Eu) and ytterbium (Yb), and an alloy containing a rare earth metal.
The alkali metal, the alkaline earth metal, and the alloy thereof is made into the cathode by a vacuum vapor deposition or a sputtering method. A coating method and an inkjet method are usable when a silver paste is used.
When the electron injecting layer is formed, the material for the cathode is selected irrespective of whether the work function is large or small and various electroconductive materials, such as Al, Ag, ITO, graphene, and indium oxide-tin oxide doped with silicon or silicon oxide, are usable. These electroconductive materials are made into films by a sputtering method, an inkjet method, and a spin coating method.
Since electric field is applied to the ultra-thin films of organic EL devices, the pixel defects due to leak and short circuit tends to occur. To prevent the defects, an insulating thin film layer may be interposed between the pair of electrodes.
Examples of the material for the insulating layer include aluminum oxide, lithium fluoride, lithium oxide, cesium fluoride, cesium oxide, magnesium oxide, magnesium fluoride, calcium oxide, calcium fluoride, aluminum nitride, titanium oxide, silicon oxide, germanium oxide, silicon nitride, boron nitride, molybdenum oxide, ruthenium oxide, and vanadium oxide. These materials may be used in combination or may be used in each layer of stacked layers.
For example, in an organic EL device having a fluorescent emitting layer and a phosphorescent emitting layer, a space layer is disposed between the fluorescent emitting layer and the phosphorescent emitting layer to prevent the diffusion of excitons generated in the phosphorescent emitting layer to the fluorescent emitting layer or to control the carrier (charge) balance. The space layer may be disposed between two or more phosphorescent emitting layers.
Since the space layer is disposed between the light emitting layers, a material combining the electron transporting ability and the hole transporting ability is preferably used for forming the space layer. To prevent the diffusion of triplet energy in the adjacent phosphorescent emitting layer, the triplet energy of the material for the space layer is preferably 2.6 eV or more. The materials described with respect to the hole transporting layer are usable as the material for the space layer.
A blocking layer, such as an electron blocking layer, a hole blocking layer, and an exciton blocking layer, may be provided in the portion adjacent to the light emitting layer. The electron blocking layer is a layer which prevents the diffusion of electrons from the light emitting layer to the hole transporting layer. The hole blocking layer is a layer which prevents the diffusion of holes from the light emitting layer to the electron transporting layer. The exciton blocking layer prevents the diffusion of excitons generated in the light emitting layer to adjacent layers and has a function of confining the excitons in the light emitting layer.
Each layer of the organic EL device is formed by a known method, such as a vapor deposition method and a coating method. For example, each layer is formed by a known vapor deposition method, such as a vacuum vapor deposition method and a molecular beam evaporation method (MBE method), and a known coating method using a solution of a compound for forming a layer, such as a dipping method, a spin coating method, a casting method, a bar coating method, and a roll coating method.
The thickness of each layer is not particularly limited and preferably 5 nm to 10 μm, more preferably 10 nm to 0.2 μm, because an excessively small thickness may cause defects such as pin holes and an excessively large thickness may require a high driving voltage.
The organic EL device can be used in an electronic device, for example, as display parts, such as organic EL panel module, display devices of television sets, mobile phones, personal computer, etc., and light emitting sources of lighting equipment and vehicle lighting equipment.
The present invention will be described below in more details with reference to the examples. However, it should be noted that the scope of the invention is not limited thereto.
The comparative compound Ref-1 is disclosed in Patent Literature 1.
Each organic EL device was produced in the following manner and evaluated for EL device performance.
A 25 mm×75 mm×1.1 mm glass substrate having ITO transparent electrode (anode) (product of Geomatec Company) was ultrasonically cleaned in isopropyl alcohol for 5 min and then UV/ozone cleaned for 30 min. The thickness of ITO transparent electrode was 130 nm.
The cleaned glass substrate having a transparent electrode was mounted to a substrate holder of a vacuum vapor deposition apparatus. First, the compound HT-1 and the compound HI-1 were vapor co-deposited on the surface having the transparent electrode so as to cover the transparent electrode to form a hole injecting layer with a thickness of 10 nm. The ratio of the compound HT-1 and the compound HI-1 was 97:3 by mass.
On the hole injecting layer, the compound HT-1 was vapor-deposited to form a first hole transporting layer with a thickness of 80 nm.
On the first hole transporting layer, the compound EBL-1 was vapor-deposited to form a second hole transporting layer with a thickness of 5 nm.
Then, on the second hole transporting layer, the compound BH-1 (host material) and the compound BD-1 (dopant material) were vapor co-deposited to form a light emitting layer with a thickness of 25 nm. The ratio of the compound BH-1 and the compound BD-1 was 96:4 by mass.
Then, on the light emitting layer, the compound HBL-1 was vapor-deposited to form a first electron transporting layer with a thickness of 5 nm.
On the first electron transporting layer, the compound Inv-1 and Liq were vapor co-deposited to form a second electron transporting layer with a thickness of 20 nm. The ratio of the compound Inv-1 and Liq was 50:50 by mass.
On the second electron transporting layer, Yb was vapor-deposited to form an electron injecting electrode with a thickness of 1 nm.
Then, metallic Al was vapor-deposited on the electron injecting electrode to form a metallic cathode with a thickness of 50 nm.
The layered structure of the organic EL device of Example 1 is shown below:
wherein the numerals in parenthesis is the thickness (nm) and the ratios of HT-1 and HI-1, BH-1 and BD-1, and Inv-1 and Liq are based on mass.
Each organic EL device was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except for using each compound described in Table 1.
The organic EL device thus produced was operated by a constant direct current at room temperature at a current density of 10 mA/cm2 to measure the luminance by a luminance meter (spectroradiometer CS-1000 manufactured by Minolta). The external quantum efficiency (%) was determined by the measured results.
An organic EL device was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except for using compound BH-2 in place of the compound BH-1 (host material) and using compound HBL-2 in place of the compound HBL-1 (first electron transporting material).
The layered structure of the organic EL device of Example 19 is shown below:
Each organic EL device was produced in the same as in Example 19 except for using each compound listed in Table 2 in place of the compound Inv-1.
Each organic EL device was measured for the external quantum efficiency in the same manner as above. The results are shown in Table 2.
The results of Tables 1 and 2 show that the inventive compounds provide organic EL devices having higher efficiencies as compared with the comparative compounds.
Into a solution of cyanuric chloride (10 g) and biphenyl-2-boronic acid (7.2 g) in toluene (180 mL), argon gas was blown for 5 min. After adding dichlorobis(triphenylphosphine)palladium (0.13 g) and potassium carbonate (20 g), the solution was heated for 20 h at 60° C. while stirring under argon atmosphere. The reaction solution was filtered to remove the inorganic salts. The filtrate was purified by silica gel column chromatography to obtain intermediate A (2.3 g, 21% yield).
Into a solution of intermediate A (2.5 g) and dibenzothiophene-4-boronic acid (1.9 g) in toluene (100 mL), argon gas was blown for 5 min. After adding dichlorobis(triphenylphosphine)palladium (116 mg) and an aqueous solution of sodium carbonate (2M, 12 mL), the solution was heated for 10 h at 55° C. while stirring under argon atmosphere. The solvent of the reaction solution was evaporated off and the obtained solid was purified by silica gel column chromatography to obtain intermediate B (0.7 g, 19% yield).
Into a solution of intermediate B (25 g) and 4-chlorophenylboronic acid (13 g) in toluene (400 mL), argon gas was blown for 5 min. After adding dichlorobis(triphenylphosphine)palladium (0.4 g) and an aqueous solution of sodium carbonate (2M, 70 mL), the solution was heated for 10 h at 60° C. while stirring under argon atmosphere. The solvent of the reaction solution was evaporated off and the obtained solid was purified by silica gel column chromatography to obtain intermediate C (26.4 g, 90% yield).
Into a solution of intermediate C (4.0 g) and 2-[4-(dibenzo[b,d]thiophene-4-yl)phenyl]-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane (4.4 g) (“dioxaborolane compound”) in toluene (80 mL), argon gas was blown for 5 min. After adding Pd(Amphos)2Cl2 (0.27 g) and an aqueous solution of sodium carbonate (2M, 12 mL), the solution was heated for 12 h at 60° C. while stirring under argon atmosphere. The solvent of the reaction solution was evaporated off and the obtained solid was purified by silica gel column chromatography to obtain a product (3.7 g, 65% yield).
The obtained product was identified as the target compound Inv-1 by the result of mass spectrometric analysis (m/e=749).
In the same manner as in step (1-4) of Synthesis Example 1 except for using intermediate B (4.0 g) in place of intermediate C, a product was obtained (3.4 g, 56% yield).
The obtained product was identified as the target compound Inv-2 by the result of mass spectrometric analysis (m/e=673).
In the same manner as in step (1-4) of Synthesis Example 1 except for using intermediate C (3.0 g) and using dibenzofuran-4-ylboronic acid (1.8 g) in place of the dioxaborolane compound, a product was obtained (2.2 g, 60% yield).
The obtained product was identified as the target compound Inv-3 by the result of mass spectrometric analysis (m/e=657).
In the same manner as in step (1-4) of Synthesis Example 1 except for using dibenzothiophene-2-ylboronic acid (2.6 g) in place of the dioxaborolane compound, a product was obtained (4.8 g, 93% yield).
The obtained product was identified as the target compound Inv-4 by the result of mass spectrometric analysis (m/e=673).
In the same manner as in step (1-4) of Synthesis Example 1 except for using intermediate C (3.5 g) and using 9,9-dimethylfluorene-2-ylboronic acid (2.4 g) in place of the dioxaborolane compound, a product was obtained (3.2 g, 70% yield).
The obtained product was identified as the target compound Inv-5 by the result of mass spectrometric analysis (m/e=683).
In the same manner as in step (1-4) of Synthesis Example 1 except for using 9-phenylcarbazole-3-ylboronic acid (4.3 g) in place of the dioxaborolane compound, a product was obtained (3.7 g, 65% yield).
The obtained product was identified as the target compound Inv-6 by the result of mass spectrometric analysis (m/e=732).
Into a solution of intermediate B (20 g) and 3-chlorophenylboronic acid (7 g) in toluene (300 mL), argon gas was blown for 5 min. After adding tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium (0.4 g) and an aqueous solution of sodium carbonate (2M, 70 mL), the solution was heated for 10 h at 60° C. while stirring under argon atmosphere. The solvent of the reaction solution was evaporated off and the obtained solid was purified by silica gel column chromatography to obtain intermediate D (19.9 g, 85% yield).
Into a solution of intermediate D (4.0 g) and (3-(9,9-dimethyl-9H-fluorene-2-yl)phenylboronic acid (CAS No. 1092840-71-5) (3.1 g) in 1,4-dioxane (75 mL), argon gas was blown for 5 min. After adding Pd2(dba)3 (0.28 g), SPhos (0.50 g), and tripotassium phosphate (9.68 g), the solution was heated for 7 h at 100° C. while stirring under argon atmosphere. The solvent of the reaction solution was evaporated off and the obtained solid was purified by silica gel column chromatography to obtain a product (5.5 g, 95% yield).
The obtained product was identified as the target compound Inv-7 by the result of mass spectrometric analysis (m/e=759).
In the same manner as in step (1-4) of Synthesis Example 1 except for using intermediate C (5.3 g) and using 9,9-diphenyl-9H-fluorene-2-boronic acid (5.5 g) in place of the dioxaborolane compound, a product was obtained (3.5 g, 43% yield).
The obtained product was identified as the target compound Inv-8 by the result of mass spectrometric analysis (m/e=808).
In the same manner as in step (1-1) of Synthesis Example 1 except for using 9,9-diphenyl-9H-fluorene-4-boronic acid in place of biphenyl-2-boronic acid, intermediate E was obtained.
In the same manner as in step (1-2) of Synthesis Example 1 except for using intermediate E in place of intermediate A, intermediate F was obtained.
In the same manner as in Synthesis Example 2 except for using intermediate F (3.0 g) in place of intermediate B, a product was obtained (2.5 g, 61% yield).
The obtained product was identified as the target compound Inv-9 by the result of mass spectrometric analysis (m/e=838).
In the same manner as in step (1-4) of Synthesis Example 1 except for intermediate C (5.0 g) and using 9,9-diphenyl-9H-fluorene-4-boronic acid (5.5 g) in place of the dioxaborolane compound, a product was obtained (3.0 g, 39% yield).
The obtained product was identified as the target compound Inv-10 by the result of mass spectrometric analysis (m/e=808).
Into a solution of intermediate B (6.0 g) and (3-(9,9-dimethyl-9H-fluorene-2-yl)phenylboronic acid (CAS No. 1092840-71-5) (5.0 g) in toluene (150 mL), argon gas was blown for 5 min. After adding Pd(Amphos)2Cl2 (0.38 g) and an aqueous solution of sodium carbonate (2M, 17 mL), the solution was heated for 6 h at 70° C. while stirring under argon atmosphere. The solvent of the reaction solution was evaporated off and the obtained solid was purified by silica gel column chromatography to obtain a product (8.0 g, 88% yield).
The obtained product was identified as the target compound Inv-11 by the result of mass spectrometric analysis (m/e=683).
In the same manner as in step (1-4) of Synthesis Example 1 except for using intermediate B (7.0 g) and using 2-[3-(dibenzo[b,d]thiophene-4-yl)phenyl]-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane (7.8 g) in place of the dioxaborolane compound, a product was obtained (9.6 g, 92% yield).
The obtained product was identified as the target compound Inv-12 by the result of mass spectrometric analysis (m/e=673).
In the same manner as in step (1-4) of Synthesis Example 1 except for using intermediate C (5.0 g) and using dibenzothiophene-1-boronic acid (3.3 g) in place of the dioxaborolane compound, a product was obtained (4.5 g, 70% yield).
The obtained product was identified as the target compound Inv-13 by the result of mass spectrometric analysis (m/e=673).
In the same manner as in step (1-4) of Synthesis Example 1 except for using intermediate C (5.0 g) and using dibenzofuran-1-boronic acid (3.0 g) in place of the dioxaborolane compound, a product was obtained (3.4 g, 54% yield).
The obtained product was identified as the target compound Inv-14 by the result of mass spectrometric analysis (m/e=657).
In the same manner as in step (1-4) of Synthesis Example 1 except for using intermediate B (4.0 g) and using 2-[4-(dibenzo[b,d]furan-3-yl)phenyl]-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane (4.0 g) in place of the dioxaborolane compound, a product was obtained (2.3 g, 40% yield).
The obtained product was identified as the target compound Inv-15 by the result of mass spectrometric analysis (m/e=657).
In the same manner as in step (7-2) of Synthesis Example 7 except for using intermediate D (3.0 g) and using 9-phenylcarbazole-4-boronic acid (2.0 g) as the boronic acid, a product was obtained (2.3 g, 55% yield).
The obtained product was identified as the target compound Inv-16 by the result of mass spectrometric analysis (m/e=732).
Into a solution of phenyl-d5-boronic acid (5.0 g) and 2-bromoiodobenzene (11.1 g) in toluene (200 mL), argon gas was blown for 5 min. After adding Pd(PPh3)4 (0.91 g) and an aqueous solution of sodium carbonate (2M, 60 mL), the solution was heated for 6 h at 70° C. while stirring under argon atmosphere. The solvent of the reaction solution was evaporated off and the obtained solid was purified by silica gel column chromatography to obtain a product (8.4 g, 90% yield).
A mixture of magnesium (1.0 g) and tetrahydrofuran (THF, 10 mL) was stirred at room temperature under argon gas atmosphere. Then, a solution of intermediate G (8.0 g) in THF (50 mL) was added dropwise and heated to 50° C. After one hour, the solution was cooled to 0° C. and a solution of cyanuric chloride (5.6 g) in THF (60 mL) was added. After the addition, the solution was stirred at room temperature for 24 h. The solution was made acidic by adding a 6N hydrochloric acid (10 mL) and then washed with a saturated brine. The solvent of the reaction solution was evaporated off and the obtained oily product was purified by silica gel column chromatography to obtain a product (4.1 g, 40% yield).
In the same manner as in step (1-2) of Synthesis Example 1 except for using intermediate H (4.0 g) in place of intermediate A, intermediate J was obtained (3.3 g, 55% yield).
In the same manner as in Synthesis Example 2 except for using intermediate J (3.0 g) in place of intermediate B, a product was obtained (2.9 g, 65% yield).
The obtained product was identified as the target compound Inv-17 by the result of mass spectrometric analysis (m/e=678).
Under argon gas atmosphere, a solution of dibenzofuran-d8 (2.0 g) in tetrahydrofuran (20 mL) was stirred at −70° C. A 1.6 M solution of n-butyllithium in hexane (8 mL) was added dropwise and then triisopropyl borate (5.5 g) was added. After the temperature was returned to room temperature, the solution was stirred for 3 h and then cooled to 0° C. The solution was made acidic by adding a 3 N hydrochloric acid and dichloromethane was added to separate the organic phase. The solid obtained by concentrating the organic phase and intermediate C were allowed to react in the same manner as in step (1-4) of Synthesis Example 1 to obtain a product (2.6 g, overall yield of two steps: 35%).
The obtained product was identified as the target compound Inv-18 by the result of mass spectrometric analysis (m/e=664).
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2019-149961 | Aug 2019 | JP | national |
| Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2020/031317 | 8/19/2020 | WO |
