COMPOUNDS AND COMPOSITIONS FOR TREATING CONDITIONS ASSOCIATED WITH NLRP ACTIVITY

TECHNICAL FIELD

This disclosure features chemical entities (e.g., a compound that modulates (e.g., antagonizes) NLRP1 or NLRP3 or both NLRP1 and NLRP3, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, and/or hydrate, and/or cocrystal, and/or drug combination of the compound) that are useful, e.g., for treating a condition, disease or disorder in which a decrease or increase in NLRP1/3 activity (e.g., an increase, e.g., a condition, disease or disorder associated with NLRP1/3 signaling) contributes to the pathology and/or symptoms and/or progression of the condition, disease or disorder in a subject (e.g., a human). This disclosure also features compositions as well as other methods of using and making the same.

BACKGROUND

The NLRP3 inflammasome is a component of the inflammatory process and its aberrant activation is pathogenic in inherited disorders such as the cryopyrin associated periodic syndromes (CAPS). The inherited CAPS Muckle-Wells syndrome (MWS), familial cold autoinflammatory syndrome (FCAS) and neonatal onset multi-system inflammatory disease (NOMID) are examples of indications that have been reported to be associated with gain of function mutations in NLRP3.

The NLRP1 inflammasome is a component of the inflammatory process and its aberrant activation is pathogenic in inherited disorders such as generalized vitiligo associated with autoimmune disease (autoimmune thyroid disease, latent autoimmune diabetes in adults, rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, pernicious anemia, systemic lupus erythematosus, and Addison's disease).

NLRP1 and NLRP3 can form a complex and they have been implicated in the pathogenesis of a number of complex diseases, including but not limited to metabolic disorders such as type 2 diabetes, atherosclerosis, obesity and gout, as well as diseases of the central nervous system, such as Alzheimer's disease and multiple sclerosis and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Parkinson disease, lung disease, such as asthma and COPD and pulmonary idiopathic fibrosis, liver disease, such as NASH syndrome, viral hepatitis and cirrhosis, pancreatic disease, such as acute and chronic pancreatitis, kidney disease, such as acute and chronic kidney injury, intestinal disease such as Crohn's disease and Ulcerative Colitis, skin disease such as psoriasis, musculoskeletal disease such as scleroderma, vessel disorders, such as giant cell arteritis, disorders of the bones, such as Osteoarthritis, osteoporosis and osteopetrosis disorders eye disease, such as glaucoma and macular degeneration, diseased caused by viral infection such as HIV and AIDS, autoimmune disease such as Rheumatoid Arthritis, Systemic Lupus Erythematosus, Autoimmune Thyroiditis, Addison's disease, pernicious anemia, cancer and aging.

In light of the above, it would be desirable to provide compounds that modulate (e.g., antagonize) NLRP1/3, wherein the compounds inhibit NLRP1 or NLRP3 or both NLRP3 and NLRP1.

SUMMARY

This disclosure features chemical entities (e.g., a compound that modulates (e.g., antagonizes) NLRP1 or NLRP3 or both NLRP1 and NLRP3, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, and/or hydrate, and/or cocrystal, and/or drug combination of the compound) that are useful, e.g., for treating a condition, disease or disorder in which a decrease or increase in NLRP1 or NLRP3 or both NLRP1 and NLRP3 activity, also referred to herein “NLRP1/3” activity (e.g., an increase, e.g., a condition, disease or disorder associated with NLRP1/3 signaling).

In some embodiments, provided herein is a compound of Formula A

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or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein the variables in Formula A can be as defined anywhere herein.

In some embodiments, provided herein is a compound of Formula I

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or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein the variables in Formula I can be as defined anywhere herein.

In some embodiments, provided herein is a compound of Formula II

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or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein the variables in Formula II can be as defined anywhere herein.

This disclosure also features compositions as well as other methods of using and making the same.

An “antagonist” of NLRP1/3 includes compounds that inhibit the ability of NLRP1/3 to induce the production of IL-1β and/or IL-18 by directly binding to NLRP1/3, or by inactivating, destabilizing, altering distribution, of NLRP1/3 or otherwise.

In one aspect, pharmaceutical compositions are featured that include a chemical entity described herein (e.g., a compound described generically or specifically herein or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof or compositions containing the same) and one or more pharmaceutically acceptable excipients.

In one aspect, methods for modulating (e.g., agonizing, partially agonizing, antagonizing) NLRP1 or NLRP3 or both NLRP1 and NLRP3 activity are featured that include contacting NLRP1 or NLRP3 or both NLRP1 and NLRP3 with a chemical entity described herein (e.g., a compound described generically or specifically herein or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof or compositions containing the same). Methods include in vitro methods, e.g., contacting a sample that includes one or more cells comprising NLRP1 or NLRP3 or both NLRP1 and NLRP3 (also referred to herein as “NLRP1/3”), as well as in vivo methods.

In a further aspect, methods of treatment of a disease in which NLRP1/3 signaling contributes to the pathology and/or symptoms and/or progression of the disease are featured that include administering to a subject in need of such treatment an effective amount of a chemical entity described herein (e.g., a compound described generically or specifically herein or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof or compositions containing the same).

In a further aspect, methods of treatment are featured that include administering to a subject a chemical entity described herein (e.g., a compound described generically or specifically herein or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof or compositions containing the same), wherein the chemical entity is administered in an amount effective to treat a disease in which NLRP1/3 signaling contributes to the pathology and/or symptoms and/or progression of the disease, thereby treating the disease.

Embodiments can include one or more of the following features.

The chemical entity can be administered in combination with one or more additional therapies with one or more agents suitable for the treatment of the condition, disease or disorder.

Examples of the indications that may be treated by the compounds disclosed herein include but are not limited to metabolic disorders such as type 2 diabetes, atherosclerosis, obesity and gout, as well as diseases of the central nervous system, such as Alzheimer's disease and multiple sclerosis and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Parkinson disease, lung disease, such as asthma and COPD and pulmonary idiopathic fibrosis, liver disease, such as NASH syndrome, viral hepatitis and cirrhosis, pancreatic disease, such as acute and chronic pancreatitis, kidney disease, such as acute and chronic kidney injury, intestinal disease such as Crohn's disease and Ulcerative Colitis, skin disease such as psoriasis, musculoskeletal disease such as scleroderma, vessel disorders, such as giant cell arteritis, disorders of the bones, such as osteoarthritis, osteoporosis and osteopetrosis disorders, eye disease, such as glaucoma and macular degeneration, diseases caused by viral infection such as HIV and AIDS, autoimmune disease such as rheumatoid arthritis, systemic Lupus erythematosus, autoimmune thyroiditis; Addison's disease, pernicious anemia, cancer and aging.

The methods can further include identifying the subject.

Other embodiments include those described in the Detailed Description and/or in the claims.

Additional Definitions

To facilitate understanding of the disclosure set forth herein, a number of additional terms are defined below. Generally, the nomenclature used herein and the laboratory procedures in organic chemistry, medicinal chemistry, and pharmacology described herein are those well-known and commonly employed in the art. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein generally have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure belongs. Each of the patents, applications, published applications, and other publications that are mentioned throughout the specification and the attached appendices are incorporated herein by reference in their entireties.

As used herein, the term “NLRP1/3” is meant to include, without limitation, nucleic acids, polynucleotides, oligonucleotides, sense and antisense polynucleotide strands, complementary sequences, peptides, polypeptides, proteins, homologous and/or orthologous NLRP molecules, isoforms, precursors, mutants, variants, derivatives, splice variants, alleles, different species, and active fragments thereof.

The term “acceptable” with respect to a formulation, composition or ingredient, as used herein, means having no persistent detrimental effect on the general health of the subject being treated.

“API” refers to an active pharmaceutical ingredient.

The terms “effective amount” or “therapeutically effective amount,” as used herein, refer to a sufficient amount of a chemical entity (e.g., a compound exhibiting activity as a modulator of NLRP1/3, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt and/or hydrate and/or cocrystal thereof;) being administered which will relieve to some extent one or more of the symptoms of the disease or condition being treated. The result includes reduction and/or alleviation of the signs, symptoms, or causes of a disease, or any other desired alteration of a biological system. For example, an “effective amount” for therapeutic uses is the amount of the composition comprising a compound as disclosed herein required to provide a clinically significant decrease in disease symptoms. An appropriate “effective” amount in any individual case is determined using any suitable technique, such as a dose escalation study.

The term “excipient” or “pharmaceutically acceptable excipient” means a pharmaceutically-acceptable material, composition, or vehicle, such as a liquid or solid filler, diluent, carrier, solvent, or encapsulating material. In one embodiment, each component is “pharmaceutically acceptable” in the sense of being compatible with the other ingredients of a pharmaceutical formulation, and suitable for use in contact with the tissue or organ of humans and animals without excessive toxicity, irritation, allergic response, immunogenicity, or other problems or complications, commensurate with a reasonable benefit/risk ratio. See, e.g., Remington: The Science and Practice of Pharmacy, 21st ed.; Lippincott Williams & Wilkins: Philadelphia, Pa., 2005; Handbook of Pharmaceutical Excipients, 6th ed.; Rowe et al., Eds.; The Pharmaceutical Press and the American Pharmaceutical Association: 2009; Handbook of Pharmaceutical Additives, 3rd ed.; Ash and Ash Eds.; Gower Publishing Company: 2007; Pharmaceutical Preformulation and Formulation, 2nd ed.; Gibson Ed.; CRC Press LLC: Boca Raton, Fla., 2009.

The term “pharmaceutically acceptable salt” may refer to pharmaceutically acceptable addition salts prepared from pharmaceutically acceptable non-toxic acids including inorganic and organic acids. In certain instances, pharmaceutically acceptable salts are obtained by reacting a compound described herein, with acids such as hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, phosphoric acid, methanesulfonic acid, ethanesulfonic acid, p-toluenesulfonic acid, salicylic acid and the like. The term “pharmaceutically acceptable salt” may also refer to pharmaceutically acceptable addition salts prepared by reacting a compound having an acidic group with a base to form a salt such as an ammonium salt, an alkali metal salt, such as a sodium or a potassium salt, an alkaline earth metal salt, such as a calcium or a magnesium salt, a salt of organic bases such as dicyclohexylamine, N-methyl-D-glucamine, tris(hydroxymethyl)methylamine, and salts with amino acids such as arginine, lysine, and the like, or by other methods previously determined. The pharmacologically acceptable salt s not specifically limited as far as it can be used in medicaments. Examples of a salt that the compounds described hereinform with a base include the following: salts thereof with inorganic bases such as sodium, potassium, magnesium, calcium, and aluminum; salts thereof with organic bases such as methylamine, ethylamine and ethanolamine; salts thereof with basic amino acids such as lysine and ornithine; and ammonium salt. The salts may be acid addition salts, which are specifically exemplified by acid addition salts with the following: mineral acids such as hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, hydroiodic acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, and phosphoric acid:organic acids such as formic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid, oxalic acid, malonic acid, succinic acid, fumaric acid, maleic acid, lactic acid, malic acid, tartaric acid, citric acid, methanesulfonic acid, and ethanesulfonic acid; acidic amino acids such as aspartic acid and glutamic acid.

The term “pharmaceutical composition” refers to a mixture of a compound described herein with other chemical components (referred to collectively herein as “excipients”), such as carriers, stabilizers, diluents, dispersing agents, suspending agents, and/or thickening agents. The pharmaceutical composition facilitates administration of the compound to an organism. Multiple techniques of administering a compound exist in the art including, but not limited to: rectal, oral, intravenous, aerosol, parenteral, ophthalmic, pulmonary, and topical administration.

The term “subject” refers to an animal, including, but not limited to, a primate (e.g., human), monkey, cow, pig, sheep, goat, horse, dog, cat, rabbit, rat, or mouse. The terms “subject” and “patient” are used interchangeably herein in reference, for example, to a mammalian subject, such as a human. The terms “treat,” “treating,” and “treatment,” in the context of treating a disease or disorder, are meant to include alleviating or abrogating a disorder, disease, or condition, or one or more of the symptoms associated with the disorder, disease, or condition; or to slowing the progression, spread or worsening of a disease, disorder or condition or of one or more symptoms thereof.

The terms “hydrogen” and “H” are used interchangeably herein.

The term “halo” refers to fluoro (F), chloro (Cl), bromo (Br), or iodo (I).

The term “alkyl” refers to a hydrocarbon chain that may be a straight chain or branched chain, containing the indicated number of carbon atoms. For example, C_1-10indicates that the group may have from 1 to 10 (inclusive) carbon atoms in it. Non-limiting examples include methyl, ethyl, iso-propyl, tent-butyl, n-hexyl.

The term “haloalkyl” refers to an alkyl, in which one or more hydrogen atoms is/are replaced with an independently selected halo.

The term “alkoxy” refers to an —O-alkyl radical (e.g., —OCH₃).

The term “carbocyclic ring” as used herein includes an aromatic or nonaromatic cyclic hydrocarbon group having 3 to 10 carbons, such as 3 to 8 carbons, such as 3 to 7 carbons, which may be optionally substituted. Examples of carbocyclic rings include five-membered, six-membered, and seven-membered carbocyclic rings.

The term “heterocyclic ring” refers to an aromatic or nonaromatic 5-8 membered monocyclic, 8-12 membered bicyclic, or 11-14 membered tricyclic ring system having 1-3 heteroatoms if monocyclic, 1-6 heteroatoms if bicyclic, or 1-9 heteroatoms if tricyclic, said heteroatoms selected from O, N, or S (e.g., carbon atoms and 1-3, 1-6, or 1-9 heteroatoms of N, O, or S if monocyclic, bicyclic, or tricyclic, respectively), wherein 0, 1, 2 or 3 atoms of each ring may be substituted by a substituent. Examples of heterocyclic rings include five-membered, six-membered, and seven-membered heterocyclic rings.

The term “cycloalkyl” as used herein includes an aromatic or nonaromatic cyclic hydrocarbon radical having 3 to 10 carbons, such as 3 to 8 carbons, such as 3 to 7 carbons, wherein the cycloalkyl group which may be optionally substituted. Examples of cycloalkyls include five-membered, six-membered, and seven-membered rings. Examples include cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclopentenyl, cyclohexyl, cyclohexenyl, cycloheptyl, and cyclooctyl.

The term “heterocycloalkyl” refers to an aromatic or nonaromatic 5-8 membered monocyclic, 8-12 membered bicyclic, or 11-14 membered tricyclic ring system radical having 1-3 heteroatoms if monocyclic, 1-6 heteroatoms if bicyclic, or 1-9 heteroatoms if tricyclic, said heteroatoms selected from O, N, or S (e.g., carbon atoms and 1-3, 1-6, or 1-9 heteroatoms of N, O, or S if monocyclic, bicyclic, or tricyclic, respectively), wherein 0, 1, 2 or 3 atoms of each ring may be substituted by a substituent. Examples of heterocycloalkyls include five-membered, six-membered, and seven-membered heterocyclic rings. Examples include piperazinyl, pyrrolidinyl, dioxanyl, morpholinyl, tetrahydrofuranyl, and the like.

The term “hydroxy” refers to an OH group.

The term “amino” refers to an NH₂group.

The term “oxo” refers to O. By way of example, substitution of a CH₂a group with oxo gives a C═O group.

As used herein, a curved line connecting two atoms indicates a chain of length as specified by the recited number or number range. For example, a chain connecting an atom “Atom 1” to an atom “Atom 2” may be depicted as

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where the number outside the parenthetical indicates the number or range of numbers in the chain.

In addition, atoms making up the compounds of the present embodiments are intended to include all isotopic forms of such atoms. Isotopes, as used herein, include those atoms having the same atomic number but different mass numbers. By way of general example and without limitation, isotopes of hydrogen include tritium and deuterium, and isotopes of carbon include ¹³C and ¹⁴C.

The details of one or more embodiments of the invention are set forth in the accompanying drawings and the description below. Other features and advantages of the invention will be apparent from the description and drawings, and from the claims.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

In some embodiments, provided herein is a compound of Formula A

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or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein:

Ar is a heteroaryl group

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or an aryl or heteroaryl group

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X¹is O, S, N, CR⁴¹or NR⁴¹;

X¹⁰is O, S, N, CR¹⁰or NR¹⁰;

X¹¹is O, S, N, CR¹or NR¹;

X²is O, S, N, CR⁴²or NR⁴²;

X³⁵is N or CR³⁵;

X²¹is N or CR²¹;

X³⁶is N or CR³⁶;

X⁴is CR⁴, N or NR²⁴;

each R²⁰is the same or different and is independently selected from hydrogen and C₁-C₆alkyl;

Y is N or CR²;

Z is N or CR⁸;

R⁸is selected from H, CN, halo CO₂C₁-C₆alkyl, CO₂C₃-C₈cycloalkyl, CONR¹¹R¹², C₁-C₆alkyl, C₁-C₆alkoxy, C₁-C₆haloalkoxy, and C₁-C₆haloalkyl;

R²is hydrogen, C₁-C₆alkoxy, halo, C₁-C₆haloalkyl, C₃-C₇cycloalkyl or C₁-C₆alkyl optionally substituted with hydroxy;

R³is hydrogen, C₁-C₆alkoxy, halo, C₁-C₆haloalkyl, CN, C₁-C₆haloalkoxy, C₃-C₇cycloalkyl or C₁-C₆alkyl optionally substituted with hydroxy;

R⁴is hydrogen, C₁-C₆alkoxy, halo, C₁-C₆haloalkyl, C₃-C₇cycloalkyl or C₁-C₆alkyl optionally substituted with hydroxy;

R²⁴is absent and R⁵is hydrogen, C₁-C₆alkoxy, halo, C₁-C₆haloalkyl, CN, C₁-C₆haloalkoxy, C₃-C₇cycloalkyl or C₁-C₆alkyl optionally substituted with hydroxy;

or R²⁴is C₁-C₆alkyl or C₃-C₈cycloalkyl and R⁵is ═O;

provided that at least one of R², R³, R⁴and R⁵is not hydrogen;

or R²and R³taken together with the carbons connecting them form a four-membered to seven-membered ring A,

or R⁴and R⁵taken together with the carbons connecting them form a four-membered to seven-membered ring B,

or R²and R³taken together with the carbons connecting them form a four-membered to seven-membered ring A and R⁴and R⁵taken together with the carbons connecting them form a four-membered to seven-membered ring B,

wherein ring A is

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and ring B is

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wherein

ring A is a carbocyclic ring or a heterocyclic ring containing 1 or 2 heteroatoms independently selected from O, N, and S;

n1 is from 2 to 5;

m1 is from 1 to 10;

wherein ring B is a carbocyclic ring or a heterocyclic ring containing 1 or 2 heteroatoms independently selected from O, N, and S;

n2 is from 2 to 5;

m2 is from 1 to 10;

wherein each R⁶in each ring is the same or different and is selected from H, F, C₁-C₆alkyl, C₁-C₆alkoxy, NR¹¹R¹², oxo, and ═NR¹³;

or two R⁶taken together with the atom or atoms connecting them form a 3-to-8-membered carbocyclic or saturated heterocyclic ring containing 1 or 2 heteroatoms independently selected from O, N, and S;

each of R¹, R¹⁰, R⁴¹and R⁴²when bonded to carbon is independently selected from H, C₁-C₆alkyl, C₁-C₆haloalkyl, CN, halo, CO₂C₁-C₆alkyl, CO₂C₃-C₈cycloalkyl, C₆-C₁₀aryl, CONR¹¹R¹², C₃-C₇cycloalkyl and 3- to 7-membered heterocycloalkyl, wherein the C₁-C₆alkyl, C₃-C₇cycloalkyl and 3- to 7-membered heterocycloalkyl is optionally substituted with one or more substituents each independently selected from hydroxy, oxo, C₁-C₆alkyl, C₁-C₆alkoxy, NR¹¹NR¹², ═NR¹³, COOC₁-C₆alkyl, C₆-C₁₀aryl, and CONR¹¹R¹²;

and each of R¹, R¹⁰, R⁴¹and R⁴²when bonded to nitrogen is independently selected from H, C₁-C₆alkyl, C₁-C₆haloalkyl, CO₂C₁-C₆alkyl, CO₂C₃-C₈cycloalkyl, C₆-C₁₀aryl, CONR¹¹R¹², C₃-C₇cycloalkyl, S(O₂)C₁-C₆alkyl and 3- to 7-membered heterocycloalkyl, wherein the C₁-C₆alkyl, C₃-C₇cycloalkyl and 3- to 7-membered heterocycloalkyl is optionally substituted with one or more substituents each independently selected from hydroxy, oxo, C₁-C₆alkyl, C₁-C₆alkoxy, NR¹¹R¹², ═NR¹³, COOC₁-C₆alkyl, C₆-C₁₀aryl, and CONR¹¹R¹²;

or R¹and R¹⁰taken together with the atoms connecting them form a 3-to-8-membered carbocyclic or heterocyclic ring containing 1 or 2 heteroatoms independently selected from O, N, and S, wherein the ring is optionally substituted with one or more substituents each independently selected from hydroxy, oxo, C₁-C₆alkoxy, NR¹¹R¹², ═NR¹³, COOC₁-C₆alkyl, and CONR¹¹R¹²;

each of R³⁴, R²⁹, R³⁵, R²¹and R³⁶is independently selected from H, C₁-C₆alkyl, C₁-C₆haloalkyl, CN, halo, CO₂C₁-C₆alkyl, CO₂C₃-C₈cycloalkyl, CONR¹¹R¹², C₃-C₇cycloalkyl, 3- to 7-membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆-C₁₀aryl, OC₁-C₆alkyl, NH₂, NHC₁-C₆alkyl, N(C₁-C₆alkyl)₂, NO₂, COC₁-C₆alkyl, SF₅and S(O₂)C₁-C₆akyl;

wherein the C₁-C₆alkyl, C₃-C₇cycloalkyl and 3- to 7-membered heterocycloalkyl is optionally substituted with one or more substituents each independently selected from hydroxy, oxo, C₁-C₆alkoxy, C₁-C₆alkyl, NR¹¹R¹², ═NR¹³, COOC₁-C₆alkyl, CONR¹¹R¹², C₃-C₇cycloalkyl, 3- to 7-membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆-C₁₀aryl, 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl, NHCOC₆-C₁₀aryl, NHCO(5- to 10-membered heteroaryl), NHCO(3- to 7-membered heterocycloalkyl), and NHCOC₂-C₆alkynyl,

wherein the C₆-C₁₀aryl, 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl, NHCOC₆-C₁₀aryl, NHCO(5- to 10-membered heteroaryl) and NHCO(3- to 7-membered heterocycloalkyl) are optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from halo, C₁-C₆alkyl, and OC₁-C₆alkyl,

or two groups selected from R³⁴, R²⁹, R³⁵, R²¹and R³⁶that are on adjacent ring carbon atoms taken together with the adjacent ring carbons form a 6-membered aromatic ring, a five-to-eight-membered carbocyclic non-aromatic ring, a five- or six-membered heteroaromatic ring or a five-to-eight-membered heterocyclic non-aromatic ring, wherein the ring formed by the two groups together with the adjacent ring carbons is optionally substituted with one or more OC₁-C₆alkyl, NH₂, NHC₁-C₆alkyl, N(C₁-C₆alkyl)₂;

R¹³is C₁-C₆alkyl;

each of R¹¹and R¹²at each occurrence is independently selected from hydrogen, C₁-C₆alkyl, CO₂R¹⁵and CONR¹⁷R¹⁸; or R¹¹and R¹²taken together with the nitrogen they are attached to form a 3- to 7-membered ring optionally containing one or more heteroatoms in addition to the nitrogen they are attached to;

R¹⁵is C₁-C₆alkyl;

each of R¹⁷and R¹⁸at each occurrence is independently selected from hydrogen and C₁-C₆alkyl.

In some embodiments, provided herein is a compound of Formula I

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or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein:

X¹is O, S, N, CR⁴¹or NR⁴¹;

X¹⁰is O, S, N, CR¹⁰or NR¹⁰;

X¹¹is O, S, N, CR¹or NR¹;

X²is O, S, N, CR⁴²or NR⁴²;

X⁴is CR⁴, N or NR²⁴;

each R²⁰is the same or different and is independently selected from hydrogen and C₁-C₆alkyl;

Y is N or CR²;

Z is N or CR⁸;

R⁸is selected from H, CN, halo, CO₂C₁-C₆alkyl, CO₂C₃-C₈cycloalkyl, CONR¹¹R¹², C₁-C₆alkyl, C₁-C₆alkoxy, C₁-C₆haloalkoxy, and C₁-C₆haloalkyl;

R²is hydrogen, C₁-C₆alkoxy, halo, C₁-C₆haloalkyl, C₃-C₇cycloalkyl or C₁-C₆alkyl optionally substituted with hydroxy;

R³is hydrogen, C₁-C₆alkoxy, halo, C₁-C₆haloalkyl, CN, C₁-C₆haloalkoxy, C₃-C₇cycloalkyl or C₁-C₆alkyl optionally substituted with hydroxy;

R⁴is hydrogen, C₁-C₆alkoxy, halo, C₁-C₆haloalkyl, C₃-C₇cycloalkyl or C₁-C₆alkyl optionally substituted with hydroxy;

R²⁴is absent and R⁵is hydrogen, C₁-C₆alkoxy, halo, C₁-C₆haloalkyl, CN, C₁-C₆haloalkoxy, C₃-C₇cycloalkyl or C₁-C₆alkyl optionally substituted with hydroxy;

or R²⁴is C₁-C₆alkyl or C₃-C₈cycloalkyl and R⁵is ═O;

provided that at least one of R², R³, R⁴and R⁵is not hydrogen;

or R²and R³taken together with the carbons connecting them form a four-membered to seven-membered ring A,

or R⁴and R⁵taken together with the carbons connecting them form a four-membered to seven-membered ring B,

wherein ring A is

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and ring B is

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wherein

ring A is a carbocyclic ring or a heterocyclic ring containing 1 or 2 heteroatoms independently selected from O, N, and S;

n1 is from 2 to 5;

m1 is from 1 to 10;

wherein ring B is a carbocyclic ring or a heterocyclic ring containing 1 or 2 heteroatoms independently selected from O, N, and S;

n2 is from 2 to 5;

m2 is from 1 to 10;

wherein each R⁶in each ring is the same or different and is selected from H, F, C₁-C₆alkyl, C₁-C₆alkoxy, NR¹¹R¹², oxo, and ═NR¹³;

each of R¹, R¹⁰, R⁴¹and R⁴²when bonded to carbon is independently selected from H, C₁-C₆alkyl, C₁-C₆haloalkyl, CN, halo, CO₂C₁-C₆alkyl, CO₂C₃-C₈cycloalkyl, C₆-C₁₀aryl, CONR¹¹R¹², C₃-C₇cycloalkyl, S(O₂)C₁-C₆akyl and 3- to 7-membered heterocycloalkyl, wherein the C₁-C₆alkyl, C₃-C₇cycloalkyl and 3- to 7-membered heterocycloalkyl is optionally substituted with one or more substituents each independently selected from hydroxy, oxo, C₁-C₆alkyl, C₁-C₆alkoxy, NR¹¹R¹², ═NR¹³, COOC₁-C₆alkyl, C₆-C₁₀aryl, and CONR¹¹R¹²;

and each of R¹, R¹⁰, R⁴¹and R⁴²when bonded to nitrogen is independently selected from H, C₁-C₆alkyl, C₁-C₆haloalkyl, CO₂C₁-C₆alkyl, CO₂C₃-C₈cycloalkyl, C₆-C₁₀aryl, CONR¹¹R¹², C₃-C₇cycloalkyl, S(O₂)C₁-C₆akyl and 3- to 7-membered heterocycloalkyl, wherein the C₁-C₆alkyl, C₃-C₇cycloalkyl and 3- to 7-membered heterocycloalkyl is optionally substituted with one or more substituents each independently selected from hydroxy, C₁-C₆alkyl, oxo, C₁-C₆alkoxy, NR¹¹R¹², ═NR¹³, COOC₁-C₆alkyl, C₆-C₁₀aryl, and CONR¹¹R¹²;

R¹³is C₁-C₆alkyl;

R¹⁵is C₁-C₆alkyl;

each of R¹⁷and R¹⁸at each occurrence is independently selected from hydrogen and C₁-C₆alkyl.

In some embodiments, provided herein is a compound of Formula II

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or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein:

X³⁵is N or CR³⁵;

X²¹is N or CR²¹;

X³⁶is N or CR³⁶;

X⁴is CR⁴, N or NR²⁴;

each R²⁰is the same or different and is independently selected from hydrogen and C₁-C₆alkyl;

Y is N or CR²;

Z is N or CR⁸;

R⁸is selected from H, CN, halo, CO₂C₁-C₆alkyl, CO₂C₃-C₈cycloalkyl, CONR¹¹R¹², C₁-C₆alkyl, C₁-C₆alkoxy, C₁-C₆haloalkoxy, and C₁-C₆haloalkyl;

R²is hydrogen, C₁-C₆alkoxy, halo, C₁-C₆haloalkyl, C₃-C₇cycloalkyl or C₁-C₆alkyl optionally substituted with hydroxy;

R³is hydrogen, C₁-C₆alkoxy, halo, C₁-C₆haloalkyl, CN, C₁-C₆haloalkoxy, C₃-C₇cycloalkyl or C₁-C₆alkyl optionally substituted with hydroxy;

R⁴is hydrogen, C₁-C₆alkoxy, halo, C₁-C₆haloalkyl, C₃-C₇cycloalkyl or C₁-C₆alkyl optionally substituted with hydroxy;

R²⁴is absent and R⁵is hydrogen, C₁-C₆alkoxy, halo, C₁-C₆haloalkyl, CN, C₁-C₆haloalkoxy, C₃-C₇cycloalkyl or C₁-C₆alkyl optionally substituted with hydroxy;

or R²⁴is C₁-C₆alkyl or C₃-C₈cycloalkyl and R⁵is ═O;

provided that at least one of R², R³, R⁴and R⁵is not hydrogen;

or R²and R³taken together with the carbons connecting them form a four-membered to seven-membered ring A,

or R⁴and R⁵taken together with the carbons connecting them form a four-membered to seven-membered ring B,

wherein ring A is

embedded image

and ring B is

embedded image

wherein

ring A is a carbocyclic ring or a heterocyclic ring containing 1 or 2 heteroatoms independently selected from O, N, and S;

n1 is from 2 to 5;

m1 is from 1 to 10;

wherein ring B is a carbocyclic ring or a heterocyclic ring containing 1 or 2 heteroatoms independently selected from O, N, and S;

n2 is from 2 to 5;

m2 is from 1 to 10;

wherein each R⁶in each ring is the same or different and is selected from H, F, C₁-C₆alkyl, C₁-C₆alkoxy, NR¹¹R¹², oxo, and ═NR¹³;

R¹³is C₁-C₆alkyl;

R¹⁵is C₁-C₆alkyl;

each of R¹⁷and R¹⁸at each occurrence is independently selected from hydrogen and C₁-C₆alkyl.

In some embodiments, provided herein is a compound of Formula A

embedded image

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein:

Ar is a heteroaryl group

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or an aryl or heteroaryl group

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X¹is O, S, N, CR⁴¹or NR⁴¹;

X¹⁰is O, S, N, CR¹⁰or NR¹⁰;

X¹¹is O, S, N, CR¹or NR¹;

X²is O, S, N, CR⁴²or NR⁴²;

X³⁵is N or CR³⁵;

X²¹is N or CR²¹;

X³⁶is N or CR³⁶;

X⁴is CR⁴, N or NR²⁴;

each R²⁰is the same or different and is independently selected from hydrogen and C₁-C₆alkyl;

Y is N or CR²;

Z is N or CR⁸;

R⁸is selected from H, CN, Cl, F, CO₂C₁-C₆alkyl, CO₂C₃-C₈cycloalkyl, CONR¹¹R¹², C₁-C₆alkyl, and C₁-C₆haloalkyl;

R²is hydrogen, C₁-C₆alkoxy, halo, C₁-C₆haloalkyl, C₃-C₇cycloalkyl or C₁-C₆alkyl optionally substituted with hydroxy;

R³is hydrogen, C₁-C₆alkoxy, halo, C₁-C₆haloalkyl, C₃-C₇cycloalkyl or C₁-C₆alkyl optionally substituted with hydroxy;

R⁴is hydrogen, C₁-C₆alkoxy, halo, C₁-C₆haloalkyl, C₃-C₇cycloalkyl or C₁-C₆alkyl optionally substituted with hydroxy;

R²⁴is absent and R⁵is hydrogen, C₁-C₆alkoxy, halo, C₁-C₆haloalkyl, C₃-C₇cycloalkyl or C₁-C₆alkyl optionally substituted with hydroxy;

or R²⁴is C₁-C₆alkyl or C₃-C₈cycloalkyl and R⁵is ═O;

provided that at least one of R², R³, R⁴and R⁵is not hydrogen, and that R²and R⁴are not both hydroxymethyl;

or R²and R³taken together with the carbons connecting them form a four-membered to seven-membered ring A,

or R⁴and R⁵taken together with the carbons connecting them form a four-membered to seven-membered ring B,

wherein ring A is

embedded image

and ring B is

embedded image

wherein

ring A is a carbocyclic ring or a heterocyclic ring containing 1 or 2 heteroatoms independently selected from O, N, and S;

n1 is from 2 to 5;

m1 is from 1 to 10;

wherein ring B is a carbocyclic ring or a heterocyclic ring containing 1 or 2 heteroatoms independently selected from O, N, and S;

n2 is from 2 to 5;

m2 is from 1 to 10;

wherein each R⁶in each ring is the same or different and is selected from H, C₁-C₆alkyl, C₁-C₆alkoxy, NR¹¹R¹², oxo, and ═NR¹³;

each of R¹, R¹⁰, R⁴¹and R⁴²when bonded to carbon is independently selected from H, C₁-C₆alkyl, C₁-C₆haloalkyl, CN, halo, CO₂C₁-C₆alkyl, CO₂C₃-C₈cycloalkyl, C₆-C₁₀aryl, CONR¹¹R¹², C₃-C₇cycloalkyl and 3- to 7-membered heterocycloalkyl, wherein the C₁-C₆alkyl, C₃-C₇cycloalkyl and 3- to 7-membered heterocycloalkyl is optionally substituted with one or more substituents each independently selected from hydroxy, oxo, C₁-C₆alkoxy, NR¹¹R¹², ═NR¹³, COOC₁-C₆alkyl, C₆-C₁₀aryl, and CONR¹¹R¹²;

and each of R¹, R¹⁰, R⁴¹and R⁴²when bonded to nitrogen is independently selected from H, C₁-C₆alkyl, C₁-C₆haloalkyl, CO₂C₁-C₆alkyl, CO₂C₃-C₈cycloalkyl, C₆-C₁₀aryl, CONR¹¹R¹², C₃-C₇cycloalkyl and 3- to 7-membered heterocycloalkyl, wherein the C₁-C₆alkyl, C₃-C₇cycloalkyl and 3- to 7-membered heterocycloalkyl is optionally substituted with one or more substituents each independently selected from hydroxy, oxo, C₁-C₆alkoxy, NR¹¹R¹², ═NR¹³, COOC₁-C₆alkyl, C₆-C₁₀aryl, and CONR¹¹R¹²;

wherein the C₁-C₆alkyl, C₃-C₇cycloalkyl and 3- to 7-membered heterocycloalkyl is optionally substituted with one or more substituents each independently selected from hydroxy, oxo, C₁-C₆alkoxy, NR¹¹R¹², ═NR¹³, COOC₁-C₆alkyl, CONR¹¹R¹², C₃-C₇cycloalkyl, 3- to 7-membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆-C₁₀aryl, 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl, NHCOC₆-C₁₀aryl, NHCO(5- to 10-membered heteroaryl), NHCO(3- to 7-membered heterocycloalkyl), and NHCOC₂-C₆alkynyl,

R¹³is C₁-C₆alkyl;

each of R¹¹and R¹²at each occurrence is independently selected from hydrogen, C₁-C₆alkyl, CO₂R¹⁵and CONR¹⁷R¹⁸;

R¹⁵is C₁-C₆alkyl;

each of R¹⁷and R¹⁸at each occurrence is independently selected from hydrogen and C₁-C₆alkyl.

In some embodiments, provided herein is a compound of Formula I

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or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein:

X¹is O, S, N, CR⁴¹or NR⁴¹;

X¹⁰is O, S, N, CR¹⁰or NR¹⁰;

X¹¹is O, S, N, CR¹or NR¹;

X²is O, S, N, CR⁴²or NR⁴²;

X⁴is CR⁴, N or NR²⁴;

each R²⁰is the same or different and is independently selected from hydrogen and C₁-C₆alkyl;

Y is N or CR²;

Z is N or CR⁸;

R⁸is selected from H, CN, Cl, F, CO₂C₁-C₆alkyl, CO₂C₃-C₈cycloalkyl, CONR¹¹R¹², C₁-C₆alkyl, and C₁-C₆haloalkyl;

R²is hydrogen, C₁-C₆alkoxy, halo, C₁-C₆haloalkyl, C₃-C₇cycloalkyl or C₁-C₆alkyl optionally substituted with hydroxy;

R³is hydrogen, C₁-C₆alkoxy, halo, C₁-C₆haloalkyl, C₃-C₇cycloalkyl or C₁-C₆alkyl optionally substituted with hydroxy;

R⁴is hydrogen, C₁-C₆alkoxy, halo, C₁-C₆haloalkyl, C₃-C₇cycloalkyl or C₁-C₆alkyl optionally substituted with hydroxy;

R²⁴is absent and R⁵is hydrogen, C₁-C₆alkoxy, halo, C₁-C₆haloalkyl, C₃-C₇cycloalkyl or C₁-C₆alkyl optionally substituted with hydroxy;

or R²⁴is C₁-C₆alkyl or C₃-C₈cycloalkyl and R⁵is ═O;

provided that at least one of R², R³, R⁴and R⁵is not hydrogen, and that R²and R⁴are not both hydroxymethyl;

or R²and R³taken together with the carbons connecting them form a four-membered to seven-membered ring A,

or R⁴and R⁵taken together with the carbons connecting them form a four-membered to seven-membered ring B,

wherein ring A is

embedded image

and ring B is

embedded image

wherein

ring A is a carbocyclic ring or a heterocyclic ring containing 1 or 2 heteroatoms independently selected from O, N, and S;

n1 is from 2 to 5;

m1 is from 1 to 10;

wherein ring B is a carbocyclic ring or a heterocyclic ring containing 1 or 2 heteroatoms independently selected from O, N, and S;

n2 is from 2 to 5;

m2 is from 1 to 10;

wherein each R⁶in each ring is the same or different and is selected from H, C₁-C₆alkyl, C₁-C₆alkoxy, NR¹¹R¹², oxo, and ═NR¹³;

each of R¹, R¹⁰, R⁴¹and R⁴²when bonded to carbon is independently selected from H, C₁-C₆alkyl, C₁-C₆haloalkyl, CN, halo, CO₂C₁-C₆alkyl, CO₂C₃-C₈cycloalkyl, C₆-C₁₀aryl, CONR¹¹R¹², C₃-C₇cycloalkyl and 3- to 7-membered heterocycloalkyl, wherein the C₁-C₆alkyl, C₃-C₇cycloalkyl and 3- to 7-membered heterocycloalkyl is optionally substituted with one or more substituents each independently selected from hydroxy, oxo, C₁-C₆alkoxy, NR¹¹R¹², ═NR¹³, COOC₁-C₆alkyl, C₆-C₁₀aryl, and CONR¹¹R¹²;

and each of R¹, R¹⁰, R⁴¹and R⁴², when bonded to nitrogen is independently selected from H, C₁-C₆alkyl, C₁-C₆haloalkyl, CO₂C₁-C₆alkyl, CO₂C₃-C₈cycloalkyl, C₆-C₁₀aryl, CONR¹¹R¹², C₃-C₇cycloalkyl and 3- to 7-membered heterocycloalkyl, wherein the C₁-C₆alkyl, C₃-C₇cycloalkyl and 3- to 7-membered heterocycloalkyl is optionally substituted with one or more substituents each independently selected from hydroxy, oxo, C₁-C₆alkoxy, NR¹¹R¹², ═NR¹³, COOC₁-C₆alkyl, C₆-C₁₀aryl, and CONR¹¹R¹²;

R¹³is C₁-C₆alkyl;

each of R¹¹and R¹²at each occurrence is independently selected from hydrogen, C₁-C₆alkyl, CO₂R¹⁵and CONR¹⁷R¹⁸;

R¹⁵is C₁-C₆alkyl;

each of R¹⁷and R¹⁸at each occurrence is independently selected from hydrogen and C₁-C₆alkyl.

In some embodiments, provided herein is a compound of Formula II

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or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein:

X³⁵is N or CR³⁵;

X²¹is N or CR²¹;

X³⁶is N or CR³⁶;

X⁴is CR⁴, N or NR²⁴;

each R²⁰is the same or different and is independently selected from hydrogen and C₁-C₆alkyl;

Y is N or CR²;

Z is N or CR⁸;

R⁸is selected from H, CN, Cl, F, CO₂C₁-C₆alkyl, CO₂C₃-C₈cycloalkyl, CONR¹¹R¹², C₁-C₆alkyl, and C₁-C₆haloalkyl;

R²is hydrogen, C₁-C₆alkoxy, halo, C₁-C₆haloalkyl, C₃-C₇cycloalkyl or C₁-C₆alkyl optionally substituted with hydroxy;

R³is hydrogen, C₁-C₆alkoxy, halo, C₁-C₆haloalkyl, C₃-C₇cycloalkyl or C₁-C₆alkyl optionally substituted with hydroxy;

R⁴is hydrogen, C₁-C₆alkoxy, halo, C₁-C₆haloalkyl, C₃-C₇cycloalkyl or C₁-C₆alkyl optionally substituted with hydroxy;

R²⁴is absent and R⁵is hydrogen, C₁-C₆alkoxy, halo, C₁-C₆haloalkyl, C₃-C₇cycloalkyl or C₁-C₆alkyl optionally substituted with hydroxy;

or R²⁴is C₁-C₆alkyl or C₃-C₈cycloalkyl and R⁵is ═O;

provided that at least one of R², R³, R⁴and R⁵is not hydrogen, and that R²and R⁴are not both hydroxymethyl;

or R²and R³taken together with the carbons connecting them form a four-membered to seven-membered ring A,

or R⁴and R⁵taken together with the carbons connecting them form a four-membered to seven-membered ring B,

wherein ring A is

embedded image

and ring B is

embedded image

wherein

ring A is a carbocyclic ring or a heterocyclic ring containing 1 or 2 heteroatoms independently selected from O, N, and S;

n1 is from 2 to 5;

m1 is from 1 to 10;

wherein ring B is a carbocyclic ring or a heterocyclic ring containing 1 or 2 heteroatoms independently selected from O, N, and S;

n2 is from 2 to 5;

m2 is from 1 to 10;

wherein each R⁶in each ring is the same or different and is selected from H, C₁-C₆alkyl, C₁-C₆alkoxy, NR¹¹R¹², oxo, and ═NR¹³;

wherein the C₁-C₆alkyl, C₃-C₇cycloalkyl and 3- to 7-membered heterocycloalkyl is optionally substituted with one or more substituents each independently selected from hydroxy, oxo, C₁-C₆alkoxy, NR¹¹R¹², ═NR¹³, COOC₁-C₆alkyl, CONR¹¹R¹², C₃-C₇cycloalkyl, 3- to 7-membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆-C₁₀aryl, 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl, NHCOC₆-C₁₀aryl, NHCO(5- to 10-membered heteroaryl), NHCO(3- to 7-membered heterocycloalkyl), and NHCOC₂-C₆alkynyl,

R¹³is C₁-C₆alkyl;

each of R¹¹and R¹²at each occurrence is independently selected from hydrogen, C₁-C₆alkyl, CO₂R¹⁵and CONR¹⁷R¹⁸;

R¹⁵is C₁-C₆alkyl;

each of R¹⁷and R¹⁸at each occurrence is independently selected from hydrogen and C₁-C₆alkyl.

In some embodiments the variables shown in the formulae herein are as follows:

The Groups X¹, X¹⁰, X¹¹and X²

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, X¹is O.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, X¹is S.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, X¹is N.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, X¹is CR⁴¹.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, X¹is NR⁴¹.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, X¹⁰is O.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, X¹⁰is S.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, X¹⁰is N.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, X¹⁰is CR¹⁰.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, X¹⁰is NR¹⁰.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, X¹¹is O.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, X¹¹is S.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, X¹¹is N.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, X¹¹is CR¹.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, X¹¹is NR¹.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, X²is O.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, X²is S.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, X²is N.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, X²is CR⁴².

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, X²is NR⁴².

The Groups X³⁵, X²¹, and X³⁶

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, X³⁵is N.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, X³⁵is CR³⁵.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, X²¹is N.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, X²¹is CR²¹.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, X³⁶is N.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, X³⁶is CR³⁶.

The Group X⁴

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, X⁴is CR⁴.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, X⁴is N.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, X⁴_{is NR}²⁴.

The Group R²⁰

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, each one R²⁰is C₁-C₆alkyl,

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, one R²⁰is hydrogen and the other R²⁰is C₁-C₆alkyl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, one R²⁰is hydrogen, the other R²⁰is C₁-C₆alkyl, and the carbon bonded to each R²⁰has (S) stereochemistry.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, one R²⁰is hydrogen, the other R²⁰is C₁-C₆alkyl, and the carbon bonded to each R²⁰has (R) stereochemistry.

The Group Y

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, Y is CR².

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, Y is N.

The Groups R², R⁴, R³, R⁵and R²⁴

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R²is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R²is C₁-C₆alkoxy.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R²is methoxy.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R²is halo.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R²is C₁-C₆haloalkyl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R²is CF₃.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R²is C₃-C₇cycloalkyl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R²is C₁-C₆alkyl optionally substituted with hydroxy.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R²is isopropyl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R²is methyl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R³is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R³is C₁-C₆alkoxy.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R³is methoxy.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R³is C₁-C₆haloalkoxy.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R³is CN.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R³is halo.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R³is C₁-C₆haloalkyl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R³is CF₃.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R³is C₃-C₇cycloalkyl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R³is C₁-C₆alkyl optionally substituted with hydroxy.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R³is isopropyl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R³is methyl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R⁴is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R⁴is C₁-C₆alkoxy.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R⁴is methoxy.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R⁴is halo.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R⁴is C₁-C₆haloalkyl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R⁴is CF₃.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R⁴is C₃-C₇cycloalkyl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R⁴is C₁-C₆alkyl optionally substituted with hydroxy.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R⁴is isopropyl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R⁴is methyl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R⁵is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R⁵is C₁-C₆alkoxy.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R⁵is methoxy.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R⁵is C₁-C₆haloalkoxy.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R⁵is CN.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R⁵is halo.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R⁵is C₁-C₆haloalkyl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R⁵is CF₃.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R⁵is C₃-C₇cycloalkyl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R⁵is C₁-C₆alkyl optionally substituted with hydroxy.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, each of R²and R⁴is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, each of R²and R⁴is C₁-C₆alkyl optionally substituted with hydroxy.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R⁵is isopropyl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R⁵is methyl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, each of R²and R⁴is isopropyl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, each of R²and R⁴is t-butyl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, each of R²and R⁴is methyl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, each of R²and R⁴is hydroxymethyl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, each of R³and R⁵is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, each of R³and R⁵is C₁-C₆alkyl optionally substituted with hydroxy.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, each of R³and R⁵is isopropyl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, each of R³and R⁵is t-butyl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, each of R³and R⁵is methyl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, each of R³and R⁵is hydroxymethyl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, each of R³and R⁵is hydrogen and each of R²and R⁴is C₁-C₆alkyl optionally substituted with hydroxy.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, each of R³and R⁵is hydrogen and each of R²and R⁴is isopropyl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, each of R³and R⁵is hydrogen and each of R²and R⁴is t-butyl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, each of R³and R⁵is hydrogen and each of R²and R⁴is methyl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, each of R³and R⁵is hydrogen and each of R²and R⁴is hydroxymethyl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, each of R²and R⁴is hydrogen and each of R³and R⁵is C₁-C₆alkyl optionally substituted with hydroxy.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, each of R²and R⁴is hydrogen and each of R³and R⁵is isopropyl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, each of R²and R⁴is hydrogen and each of R³and R⁵is t-butyl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, each of R²and R⁴is hydrogen and each of R³and R⁵is methyl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, each of R²and R⁴is hydrogen and each of R³and R⁵is hydroxymethyl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R²and R³taken together with the carbons connecting them form ring A.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R⁴and R⁵taken together with the carbons connecting them form ring B.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R²and R³taken together with the carbons connecting them form ring A and R⁴and R⁵taken together with the carbons connecting them form ring B.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, at least one of R², R³, R⁴and R⁵is not hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R²and R⁴are not both hydroxymethyl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, at least one of R², R³, R⁴and R⁵is not hydrogen and R²and R⁴are not both hydroxymethyl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R²⁴is absent and R⁵is hydrogen, C₁-C₆alkoxy, halo, C₁-C₆haloalkyl, C₃-C₇cycloalkyl or C₁-C₆alkyl optionally substituted with hydroxyl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R²⁴is C₁-C₆alkyl and R⁵is ═O.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R²⁴is C₃-C₈cycloalkyl and R⁵is ═O.

Rings A and B

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, ring A is a carbocyclic ring.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, ring A is a heterocyclic ring containing 1 or 2 heteroatoms independently selected from O, N, and S.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, ring B is a carbocyclic ring.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, ring B is a heterocyclic ring containing 1 or 2 heteroatoms independently selected from O, N, and S.

In some embodiments, ring A is a carbocyclic ring and n1 is 3.

In some embodiments, ring A is a carbocyclic ring and n1 is 4.

In some embodiments, ring A is a heterocyclic ring containing 1 or 2 heteroatoms independently selected from O, N, and S and n1 is 3.

In some embodiments, ring A is a heterocyclic ring containing 1 or 2 heteroatoms independently selected from O, N, and S and n1 is 4.

In some embodiments, ring B is a carbocyclic ring and n2 is 3.

In some embodiments, ring B is a carbocyclic ring and n2 is 4.

In some embodiments, ring B is a heterocyclic ring containing 1 or 2 heteroatoms independently selected from O, N, and S and n2 is 3.

In some embodiments, ring B is a heterocyclic ring containing 1 or 2 heteroatoms independently selected from O, N, and S and n2 is 4.

In some embodiments, ring A is the same as ring B.

In some embodiments, ring A is

embedded image

In some embodiments, ring B is

embedded image

In some embodiments, ring B is

embedded image

and is the same as ring A.

In some embodiments, ring A is

embedded image

In some embodiments, ring B is

embedded image

and is the same as ring A.

In some embodiments, ring A is a heterocyclic ring of the formula

embedded image

In some embodiments, ring A is a heterocyclic ring of the formula

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The Groups R⁶and R⁷and the Variables n1, n2, m1 and m2 in Ring A and Ring B

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R⁶is H.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R⁶is F.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R⁶is C₁-C₆alkyl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R⁶is C₁-C₆alkoxy.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R⁶is methoxy.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R⁶is NR¹¹R¹².

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R⁶is oxo.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R⁶is ═NR¹³.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, n1 is 2.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, n1 is 3.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, n1 is 4.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, n1 is 5.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, n2 is 2.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, n2 is 3.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, n2 is 4.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, n2 is 5.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, m1 is 1.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, m1 is 2.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, m1 is 3.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, m1 is 4.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, m2 is 1.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, m2 is 2.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, m2 is 3.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, m2 is 4.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, two R⁶taken together with the atom or atoms connecting them form a 3-to-8-membered carbocyclic or saturated heterocyclic ring containing 1 or 2 heteroatoms independently selected from O, N, and S.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, each R⁶in each ring is H.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, each R⁶in each ring is F.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, each R⁶in each ring is C₁-C₆alkyl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, each R⁷in each ring is H.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, each R⁷in each ring is C₁-C₆alkyl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, each R⁶in each ring is H and each R⁷in each ring is H.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, each R⁶in each ring is H and each R⁷in each ring is C₁-C₆alkyl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, each R⁶in each ring is C₁-C₆alkyl and each R⁷in each ring is H.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, each R⁶in each ring is C₁-C₆alkyl and each R⁷in each ring is C₁-C₆alkyl.

The Group Z

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, Z is N and X⁴is CR⁴.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, Z is N and X⁴is NR²⁴.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, Z is CR⁸.

The Group R⁸

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R⁸is selected from H, CN, halo, CO₂C₁-C₆alkyl, CO₂C₃-C₈cycloalkyl, CONR¹¹R¹², C₁-C₆alkyl, C₁-C₆alkoxy, C₁-C₆haloalkoxy, and C₁-C₆haloalkyl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R⁸is selected from H, CN, Cl, F, CO₂C₁-C₆alkyl, CO₂C₃-C₈cycloalkyl, CONR¹¹R¹², C₁-C₆alkyl, C₁-C₆haloalkoxy, and C₁-C₆haloalkyl.

R⁸is selected from H, CN, Cl, F, CO₂C₁-C₆alkyl, CO₂C₃-C₈cycloalkyl, CONR¹¹R¹², C₁-C₆alkyl, and C₁-C₆haloalkyl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R⁸is selected from H, CN, Cl, F, CO₂C₁-C₆alkyl and CONH₂.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R⁸is H.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R⁸is CN.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R⁸is halo.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R⁸is Cl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R⁸is F.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R⁸is CO₂C₁-C₆alkyl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R⁸is CO₂C₃-C₈cycloalkyl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R⁸is CONH₂.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R⁸is CONR¹¹R¹².

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R⁸is C₁-C₆alkyl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R⁸is C₁-C₆alkoxy.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R⁸is C₁-C₆haloalkoxy.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R⁸is OCF₃.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R⁸is C₁-C₆haloalkyl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R⁸is CF₃.

The Groups R¹, R¹⁰, R⁴¹and R⁴²

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, each of R¹, R¹⁰, R⁴¹and R⁴²when bonded to carbon is independently selected from H, C₁-C₆alkyl, C₁-C₆haloalkyl, CN, halo, CO₂C₁-C₆alkyl, CO₂C₃-C₈cycloalkyl, C₆-C₁₀aryl, CONR¹¹R¹², C₃-C₇cycloalkyl, S(O₂)C₁-C₆akyl and 3- to 7-membered heterocycloalkyl, wherein the C₁-C₆alkyl, C₃-C₇cycloalkyl and 3- to 7-membered heterocycloalkyl is optionally substituted with one or more substituents each independently selected from hydroxy, oxo, C₁-C₆alkyl, C₁-C₆alkoxy, N¹¹R¹², ═NR¹³, COOC₁-C₆alkyl, C₆-C₁₀aryl, and CONR¹¹R¹².

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, each of R¹, R¹⁰, R⁴¹_andR⁴²when bonded to carbon is independently selected from H, C₁-C₆alkyl, C₁-C₆haloalkyl, CN, halo, CO₂C₁-C₆alkyl, CO₂C₃-C₈cycloalkyl, C₆-C₁₀aryl, CONR¹¹R¹², C₃-C₇cycloalkyl and 3- to 7-membered heterocycloalkyl, wherein the C₁-C₆alkyl, C₃-C₇cycloalkyl and 3- to 7-membered heterocycloalkyl is optionally substituted with one or more substituents each independently selected from hydroxy, oxo, C₁-C₆alkoxy, NR¹¹R¹², ═NR¹³, COOC₁-C₆alkyl, C₆-C₁₀aryl, and CONR¹¹R¹².

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, each of R¹, R¹⁰, R⁴¹and R⁴²when bonded to nitrogen is independently selected from H, C₁-C₆alkyl, C₁-C₆haloalkyl, CO₂C₁-C₆alkyl, CO₂C₃-C₈cycloalkyl, C₆-C₁₀aryl, CONR¹¹R¹², C₃-C₇cycloalkyl and 3- to 7-membered heterocycloalkyl, wherein the C₁-C₆alkyl, C₃-C₇cycloalkyl and 3- to 7-membered heterocycloalkyl is optionally substituted with one or more substituents each independently selected from hydroxy, oxo, C₁-C₆alkoxy, NR¹¹R¹², ═NR¹³, COOC₁-C₆alkyl, C₆-C₁₀aryl, and CONR¹¹R¹².

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R¹is H.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R¹is C₁-C₆alkyl optionally substituted with one or more substituents each independently selected from hydroxy, oxo, C₁-C₆alkoxy, NR¹¹R¹², ═NR¹³, COOC₁-C₆alkyl, and CONR¹¹R¹².

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R¹is C₃-C₇cycloalkyl optionally substituted with one or more substituents each independently selected from hydroxy, oxo, C₁-C₆alkoxy, NR¹¹R¹², ═NR¹³, COOC₁-C₆alkyl, and CONR¹¹R¹².

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R¹is C₁-C₆alkyl optionally substituted with one or more substituents each independently selected from hydroxy, amino and oxo.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R¹is C₁-C₆alkyl substituted with hydroxy.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R¹is 2-hydroxy-2-propyl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R¹is C₁-C₆alkyl optionally substituted with C₆-C₁₀aryl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R¹is methyl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R¹is isopropyl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R¹is benzyl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R¹is C₁-C₆alkyl substituted with NR¹¹R¹².

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R¹is C₁-C₆alkyl substituted with NH₂.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R¹is C₁-C₆alkyl substituted with NH(C₁-C₆alkyl).

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R¹is C₁-C₆alkyl substituted with N(C₁-C₆alkyl)₂.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R¹is dimethylaminomethyl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R¹is C₁-C₆alkyl substituted with NR¹¹R¹², wherein R¹¹and R¹²taken together with the nitrogen they are attached to form a 3- to 7-membered ring optionally containing one or more heteroatoms in addition to the nitrogen they are attached to.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R¹is S(O₂)C₁-C₆akyl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R¹is S(O₂)CH₃.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R¹is C₆-C₁₀aryl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R¹is phenyl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R¹is C₃-C₇cycloalkyl optionally substituted with one or more substituents each independently selected from hydroxy, amino and oxo.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R¹is C₃-C₇cycloalkyl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R¹is C₃-C₇cycloalkyl substituted with hydroxy.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R¹is 1-hydroxy-1-cyclopropyl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R¹is 1-hydroxy-1-cyclobutyl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R¹is 1-hydroxy-1-cyclopentyl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R¹is 3- to 7-membered heterocycloalkyl optionally substituted with one or more substituents each independently selected from hydroxy, amino and oxo.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R¹3- to 7-membered heterocycloalkyl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R¹is 3- to 7-membered heterocycloalkyl substituted with hydroxy.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R¹is 5- to 7-membered aromatic monocyclic radical having 1-3 heteroatoms selected from O, N, or S, wherein 0, 1, 2 or 3 atoms of each ring are optionally substituted with one or more substituents each independently selected from hydroxy, oxo, C₁-C₆alkoxy, NR¹¹R¹², ═NR¹³, COOC₁-C₆alkyl, and CONR¹¹R¹². In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R¹is 5- to 7-membered aromatic monocyclic radical having 1-3 heteroatoms selected from O, N, or S, wherein 0, 1, 2 or 3 atoms of each ring are optionally substituted with one or more substituents each independently selected from hydroxy, amino and oxo. In some embodiments, R¹is pyridyl optionally substituted with one or more substituents each independently selected from hydroxy, amino and oxo. In some embodiments, R¹is pyrimidinyl optionally substituted with one or more substituents each independently selected from hydroxy, amino and oxo. In some embodiments, R¹is pyrrolyl optionally substituted with one or more substituents each independently selected from hydroxy, amino and oxo. In some embodiments, R¹is pyrazolyl optionally substituted with one or more substituents each independently selected from hydroxy, amino and oxo. In some embodiments, R¹is imidazolyl optionally substituted with one or more substituents each independently selected from hydroxy, amino and oxo. In some embodiments, R¹is oxazolyl optionally substituted with one or more substituents each independently selected from hydroxy, amino and oxo. In some embodiments, R¹is thiazolyl optionally substituted with one or more substituents each independently selected from hydroxy, amino and oxo.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R¹⁰is selected from H, C₁-C₆alkyl, C₃-C₇cycloalkyl and 3- to 7-membered heterocycloalkyl, wherein R¹⁰is optionally substituted with one or more substituents each independently selected from hydroxy, oxo, C₁-C₆alkoxy, NR¹¹R¹², ═NR¹³, COOC₁-C₆alkyl, and CONR¹¹R¹².

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R¹⁰is H.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R¹⁰is C₁-C₆alkyl optionally substituted with one or more substituents each independently selected from hydroxy, oxo, C₁-C₆alkoxy, NR¹¹R¹², ═NR¹³, COOC₁-C₆alkyl, and CONR¹¹R¹².

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R¹⁰is C₃-C₇cycloalkyl optionally substituted with one or more substituents each independently selected from hydroxy, oxo, C₁-C₆alkoxy, NR¹¹R¹², ═NR¹³, COOC₁-C₆alkyl, and CONR¹¹R¹².

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R¹⁰is C₁-C₆alkyl optionally substituted with one or more substituents each independently selected from hydroxy, amino and oxo.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R¹⁰is C₁-C₆alkyl substituted with hydroxy.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R¹⁰is 2-hydroxy-2-propyl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R¹⁰is C₁-C₆alkyl optionally substituted with C₆-C₁₀aryl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R¹⁰is methyl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R¹⁰is isopropyl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R¹⁰is benzyl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R¹⁰is C₁-C₆alkyl substituted with NR¹¹R¹².

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R¹⁰is C₁-C₆alkyl substituted with NH₂.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R¹⁰is C₁-C₆alkyl substituted with NH(C₁-C₆alkyl).

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R¹⁰is C₁-C₆alkyl substituted with N(C₁-C₆alkyl)₂.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R¹⁰is dimethylaminomethyl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R¹⁰is C₁-C₆alkyl substituted with NR¹¹R¹², wherein and R¹²taken together with the nitrogen they are attached to form a 3- to 7-membered ring optionally containing one or more heteroatoms in addition to the nitrogen they are attached to.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R¹⁰is S(O₂)C₁-C₆akyl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R¹⁰is S(O₂)CH₃.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R¹⁰is C₆-C₁₀aryl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R¹⁰is phenyl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R¹⁰is C₃-C₇cycloalkyl optionally substituted with one or more substituents each independently selected from hydroxy, amino and oxo.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R¹⁰is C₃-C₇cycloalkyl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R¹⁰is C₃-C₇cycloalkyl substituted with hydroxy.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R¹⁰is 1-hydroxy-1-cyclopropyl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R¹⁰is 1-hydroxy-1-cyclobutyl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R¹⁰is 1-hydroxy-1-cyclopentyl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R¹⁰is 3- to 7-membered heterocycloalkyl optionally substituted with one or more substituents each independently selected from hydroxy, amino and oxo.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R¹⁰is 3- to 7-membered heterocycloalkyl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R¹⁰is 3- to 7-membered heterocycloalkyl substituted with hydroxy.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R¹⁰is 5- to 7-membered aromatic monocyclic radical having 1-3 heteroatoms selected from O, N, or S, wherein 0, 1, 2 or 3 atoms of each ring are optionally substituted with one or more substituents each independently selected from hydroxy, oxo, C₁-C₆alkoxy, NR¹¹R¹², ═NR¹³, COOC₁-C₆alkyl, and CONR¹¹R¹². In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R¹⁰is 5- to 7-membered aromatic monocyclic radical having 1-3 heteroatoms selected from O, N, or S, wherein 0, 1, 2 or 3 atoms of each ring are optionally substituted with one or more substituents each independently selected from hydroxy, amino and oxo. In some embodiments, R¹⁰is pyridyl optionally substituted with one or more substituents each independently selected from hydroxy, amino and oxo. In some embodiments, R¹⁰is pyrimidinyl optionally substituted with one or more substituents each independently selected from hydroxy, amino and oxo. In some embodiments, R¹⁰is pyrrolyl optionally substituted with one or more substituents each independently selected from hydroxy, amino and oxo. In some embodiments, R¹⁰is pyrazolyl optionally substituted with one or more substituents each independently selected from hydroxy, amino and oxo. In some embodiments, R¹⁰is imidazolyl optionally substituted with one or more substituents each independently selected from hydroxy, amino and oxo. In some embodiments, R¹⁰is oxazolyl optionally substituted with one or more substituents each independently selected from hydroxy, amino and oxo. In some embodiments, R¹⁰is thiazolyl optionally substituted with one or more substituents each independently selected from hydroxy, amino and oxo.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R⁴¹is H.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R⁴¹is C₁-C₆alkyl optionally substituted with one or more substituents each independently selected from hydroxy, oxo, C₁-C₆alkoxy, NR¹¹R¹², ═NR¹³, COOC₁-C₆alkyl, and CONR¹¹R¹².

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R⁴¹is C₃-C₇cycloalkyl optionally substituted with one or more substituents each independently selected from hydroxy, oxo, C₁-C₆alkoxy, NR¹¹R¹², ═NR¹³, COOC₁-C₆alkyl, and CONR¹¹R¹².

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R⁴¹is C₁-C₆alkyl optionally substituted with one or more substituents each independently selected from hydroxy, amino and oxo.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R⁴¹is C₁-C₆alkyl substituted with hydroxy.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R⁴¹is 2-hydroxy-2-propyl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R⁴¹is C₁-C₆alkyl optionally substituted with C₆-C₁₀aryl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R⁴¹is methyl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R⁴¹is isopropyl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R⁴¹is benzyl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R⁴¹is C₆-C₁₀aryl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R⁴¹is phenyl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R⁴¹is C₁-C₆alkyl substituted with NR¹¹R¹².

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R⁴¹is C₁-C₆alkyl substituted with NH₂.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R⁴¹is C₁-C₆alkyl substituted with NH(C₁-C₆alkyl).

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R⁴¹is C₁-C₆alkyl substituted with N(C₁-C₆alkyl)₂.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R⁴¹is dimethylaminomethyl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R⁴¹is C₁-C₆alkyl substituted with NR¹¹R¹², wherein R¹¹and R¹²taken together with the nitrogen they are attached to form a 3- to 7-membered ring optionally containing one or more heteroatoms in addition to the nitrogen they are attached to.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R⁴¹is S(O₂)C₁-C₆akyl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R⁴¹is S(O₂)CH₃.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R⁴¹is C₃-C₇cycloalkyl optionally substituted with one or more substituents each independently selected from hydroxy, amino and oxo.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R⁴¹is C₃-C₇cycloalkyl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R⁴¹is C₃-C₇cycloalkyl substituted with hydroxy.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R⁴¹is 1-hydroxy-1-cyclopropyl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R⁴¹is 1-hydroxy-1-cyclobutyl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R⁴¹is 1-hydroxy-1-cyclopentyl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R⁴¹is 3- to 7-membered heterocycloalkyl optionally substituted with one or more substituents each independently selected from hydroxy, amino and oxo.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R⁴¹is 3- to 7-membered heterocycloalkyl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R⁴¹is 3- to 7-membered heterocycloalkyl substituted with hydroxy.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R⁴¹is 5- to 7-membered aromatic monocyclic radical having 1-3 heteroatoms selected from O, N, or S, wherein 0, 1, 2 or 3 atoms of each ring are optionally substituted with one or more substituents each independently selected from hydroxy, oxo, C₁-C₆alkoxy, NR¹¹R¹², ═NR¹³, COOC₁-C₆alkyl, and CONR¹¹R¹². In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R⁴¹is 5- to 7-membered aromatic monocyclic radical having 1-3 heteroatoms selected from O, N, or S, wherein 0, 1, 2 or 3 atoms of each ring are optionally substituted with one or more substituents each independently selected from hydroxy, amino and oxo. In some embodiments, R⁴¹is pyridyl optionally substituted with one or more substituents each independently selected from hydroxy, amino and oxo. In some embodiments, R⁴¹is pyrimidinyl optionally substituted with one or more substituents each independently selected from hydroxy, amino and oxo. In some embodiments, R⁴¹is pyrrolyl optionally substituted with one or more substituents each independently selected from hydroxy, amino and oxo. In some embodiments, R⁴¹is pyrazolyl optionally substituted with one or more substituents each independently selected from hydroxy, amino and oxo. In some embodiments, R⁴¹is imidazolyl optionally substituted with one or more substituents each independently selected from hydroxy, amino and oxo. In some embodiments, R⁴¹is oxazolyl optionally substituted with one or more substituents each independently selected from hydroxy, amino and oxo. In some embodiments, R⁴¹is thiazolyl optionally substituted with one or more substituents each independently selected from hydroxy, amino and oxo.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R⁴²is selected from H, C₁-C₆alkyl, C₃-C₇cycloalkyl and 3- to 7-membered heterocycloalkyl, wherein R⁴²is optionally substituted with one or more substituents each independently selected from hydroxy, oxo, C₁-C₆alkoxy, NR¹¹R¹², ═NR¹³, COOC₁-C₆alkyl, and CONR¹¹R¹².

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R⁴²is H.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R⁴²is C₁-C₆alkyl optionally substituted with one or more substituents each independently selected from hydroxy, oxo, C₁-C₆alkoxy, NR¹¹R¹², ═NR¹³, COOC₁-C₆alkyl, and CONR¹¹R¹².

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R⁴²is C₃-C₇cycloalkyl optionally substituted with one or more substituents each independently selected from hydroxy, oxo, C₁-C₆alkoxy, NR¹¹R¹², ═NR¹³, COOC₁-C₆alkyl, and CONR¹¹R¹².

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R⁴²is C₁-C₆alkyl optionally substituted with one or more substituents each independently selected from hydroxy, amino and oxo.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R⁴²is C₁-C₆alkyl substituted with hydroxy.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R⁴²is 2-hydroxy-2-propyl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R⁴²is C₁-C₆alkyl optionally substituted with C₆-C₁₀aryl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R⁴²is methyl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R⁴²is isopropyl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R⁴²is benzyl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R⁴²is C₁-C₆alkyl substituted with NR¹¹R¹².

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R⁴²is C₁-C₆alkyl substituted with NH₂.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R⁴²is C₁-C₆alkyl substituted with NH(C₁-C₆alkyl).

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R⁴²is C₁-C₆alkyl substituted with N(C₁-C₆alkyl)₂.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R⁴²is dimethylaminomethyl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R⁴²is C₁-C₆alkyl substituted with NR¹¹R¹², wherein R¹¹and R¹²taken together with the nitrogen they are attached to form a 3- to 7-membered ring optionally containing one or more heteroatoms in addition to the nitrogen they are attached to.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R⁴²is S(O₂)C₁-C₆akyl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R⁴²is S(O₂)CH₃.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R⁴²is C₆-C₁₀aryl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R⁴²is phenyl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R⁴²is C₃-C₇cycloalkyl optionally substituted with one or more substituents each independently selected from hydroxy, amino and oxo.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R⁴²is C₃-C₇cycloalkyl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R⁴²is C₃-C₇cycloalkyl substituted with hydroxy.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R⁴²is 1-hydroxy-1-cyclopropyl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R⁴²is 1-hydroxy-1-cyclobutyl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R⁴²is 1-hydroxy-1-cyclopentyl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R⁴²is 3- to 7-membered heterocycloalkyl optionally substituted with one or more substituents each independently selected from hydroxy, amino and oxo.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R⁴²is 3- to 7-membered heterocycloalkyl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R⁴²is 3- to 7-membered heterocycloalkyl substituted with hydroxy.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R⁴²is 5- to 7-membered aromatic monocyclic radical having 1-3 heteroatoms selected from O, N, or S, wherein 0, 1, 2 or 3 atoms of each ring are optionally substituted with one or more substituents each independently selected from hydroxy, oxo, C₁-C₆alkoxy, NR¹¹R¹², ═NR¹³, COOC₁-C₆alkyl, and CONR¹¹R¹². In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R⁴²is 5- to 7-membered aromatic monocyclic radical having 1-3 heteroatoms selected from O, N, or S, wherein 0, 1, 2 or 3 atoms of each ring are optionally substituted with one or more substituents each independently selected from hydroxy, amino and oxo. In some embodiments, R⁴²is pyridyl optionally substituted with one or more substituents each independently selected from hydroxy, amino and oxo. In some embodiments, R⁴²is pyrimidinyl optionally substituted with one or more substituents each independently selected from hydroxy, amino and oxo. In some embodiments, R⁴²is pyrrolyl optionally substituted with one or more substituents each independently selected from hydroxy, amino and oxo. In some embodiments, R⁴²is pyrazolyl optionally substituted with one or more substituents each independently selected from hydroxy, amino and oxo. In some embodiments, R⁴²is imidazolyl optionally substituted with one or more substituents each independently selected from hydroxy, amino and oxo. In some embodiments, R⁴²is oxazolyl optionally substituted with one or more substituents each independently selected from hydroxy, amino and oxo. In some embodiments, R⁴²is thiazolyl optionally substituted with one or more substituents each independently selected from hydroxy, amino and oxo.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, one of R¹and R¹⁰is C₁-C₆alkyl optionally substituted with one or more substituents each independently selected from hydroxy, amino and oxo, and the other of R¹and R¹⁰is C₃-C₇cycloalkyl optionally substituted with one or more substituents each independently selected from hydroxy, amino and oxo.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, one of R¹and R¹⁰is 2-hydroxy-2-propyl and the other of R¹and R¹⁰is 1-hydroxy-1-cyclobutyl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, one of R¹and R¹⁰is 2-hydroxy-2-propyl and the other of R¹and R¹⁰is 1-hydroxy-1-cyclopentyl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R¹is optionally substituted with one or more substituents each independently selected from hydroxy, amino and oxo, and the hydroxy, amino or oxo substituent is at the carbon of R¹directly bonded to the five-membered heteroaryl ring of the formulae herein.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R¹⁰is optionally substituted with one or more substituents each independently selected from hydroxy, amino and oxo, and the hydroxy, amino or oxo substituent is at the carbon of R¹⁰directly bonded to the five-membered heteroaryl ring of the formulae herein.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R¹and R¹⁰taken together with the atoms connecting them form a three-membered carbocyclic ring.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R¹and R¹⁰taken together with the atoms connecting them form a four-membered carbocyclic ring.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R¹and R¹⁰taken together with the atoms connecting them form a five-membered carbocyclic ring.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R¹and R¹⁰taken together with the atoms connecting them form a six-membered carbocyclic ring.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R¹and R¹⁰taken together with the atoms connecting them form a seven-membered carbocyclic ring.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R¹and R¹⁰taken together with the atoms connecting them form an eight-membered carbocyclic ring.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R¹and R¹⁰taken together with the atoms connecting them form a three-membered heterocyclic ring containing 1 or 2 heteroatoms independently selected from O, N, and S.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R¹and R¹⁰taken together with the atoms connecting them form a four-membered heterocyclic ring containing 1 or 2 heteroatoms independently selected from O, N, and S.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R¹and R¹⁰taken together with the atoms connecting them form a five-membered heterocyclic ring containing 1 or 2 heteroatoms independently selected from O, N, and S.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R¹and R¹⁰taken together with the atoms connecting them form a six-membered heterocyclic ring containing 1 or 2 heteroatoms independently selected from O, N, and S.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R¹and R¹⁰taken together with the atoms connecting them form a seven-membered heterocyclic ring containing 1 or 2 heteroatoms independently selected from O, N, and S.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R¹and R¹⁰taken together with the atoms connecting them form an eight-membered heterocyclic ring containing 1 or 2 heteroatoms independently selected from O, N, and S.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R¹and R¹⁰taken together with the atoms connecting them form a carbocyclic ring substituted with hydroxy.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R¹and R¹⁰taken together with the atoms connecting them form a carbocyclic ring substituted with oxo.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R¹and R¹⁰taken together with the atoms connecting them form a carbocyclic ring substituted with C₁-C₆alkoxy.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R¹and R¹⁰taken together with the atoms connecting them form a carbocyclic ring substituted with NR¹¹R¹².

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R¹and R¹⁰taken together with the atoms connecting them form a carbocyclic ring substituted with ═NR¹³.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R¹and R¹⁰taken together with the atoms connecting them form a carbocyclic ring substituted with COOC₁-C₆alkyl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R¹and R¹⁰taken together with the atoms connecting them form a carbocyclic ring substituted with CONR¹¹R¹².

The Groups R¹¹and R¹²

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R¹¹is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R¹¹is C₁-C₆alkyl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R¹¹is CO₂R¹⁵.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R¹¹is CONR¹⁷R¹⁸.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R¹²is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R¹²is C₁-C₆alkyl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R¹²is CO₂R¹⁵.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R¹²is CONR¹⁷R¹⁸.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, the group NR¹¹R¹²is amino.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, the group NR¹¹R^{12 is}methylamino.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, the group NR¹¹R¹²is dimethylamino.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R¹¹and R¹²taken together with the nitrogen they are attached to in the NR¹¹R¹²group form a 3- to 7-membered ring optionally containing one or more heteroatoms in addition to the nitrogen they are attached to.

The Groups R¹³, R¹⁵, R¹⁷and R¹⁸

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R¹³is C₁-C₆alkyl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R¹⁵is C₁-C₆alkyl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R¹⁷is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R¹⁷is C₁-C₆alkyl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R¹⁸is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R¹⁸is C₁-C₆alkyl.

The Groups R³⁴, R²⁹, R³⁵, R²¹and R³⁶

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, each of R³⁴, R²⁹, R³⁵, R²¹and R³⁶is independently selected from H, C₁-C₆alkyl, C₁-C₆haloalkyl, CN, halo, CO₂C₁-C₆alkyl, CO₂C₃-C₈cycloalkyl, CONR¹¹R¹², C₃-C₇cycloalkyl, 3- to 7-membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆-C₁₀aryl, OC₁-C₆alkyl, NH₂, NHC₁-C₆alkyl, N(C₁-C₆alkyl)₂, NO₂, COC₁-C₆alkyl, SF₅and S(O₂)C₁-C₆alkyl, wherein the C₁-C₆alkyl, C₃-C₇cycloalkyl and 3- to 7-membered heterocycloalkyl is optionally substituted with one or more substituents each independently selected from hydroxy, oxo, C₁-C₆alkoxy, C₁-C₆alkyl, NR¹¹R¹², ═NR¹³, COOC₁-C₆alkyl, CONR¹¹R¹², C₃-C₇cycloalkyl, 3- to 7-membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆-C₁₀aryl, 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl, NHCOC₆-C₁₀aryl, NHCO(5- to 10-membered heteroaryl), NHCO(3- to 7-membered heterocycloalkyl), and NHCOC₂-C₆alkynyl,

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, each of R³⁴, R²⁹, R³⁵, R²¹and R³⁶is independently selected from H, C₁-C₆alkyl, C₁-C₆haloalkyl, CN, halo, CO₂C₁-C₆alkyl, CO₂C₃-C₈cycloalkyl, CONR¹¹R¹², C₃-C₇cycloalkyl, 3- to 7-membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆-C₁₀aryl, OC₁-C₆alkyl, NH₂, NHC₁-C₆alkyl, N(C₁-C₆alkyl)₂, NO₂, COC₁-C₆alkyl, wherein the C₁-C₆alkyl, C₃-C₇cycloalkyl and 3- to 7-membered heterocycloalkyl is optionally substituted with one or more substituents each independently selected from hydroxy, oxo, C₁-C₆alkoxy, NR¹¹R¹², ═NR¹³, COOC₁-C₆alkyl, CONR¹¹R¹², C₃-C₇cycloalkyl, 3- to 7-membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆-C₁₀aryl, 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl, NHCOC₆-C₁₀aryl, NHCO(5- to 10-membered heteroaryl), NHCO(3- to 7-membered heterocycloalkyl), and NHCOC₂-C₆alkynyl,

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R³⁴is H.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R³⁴is CN.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R³⁴is C₁-C₆alkyl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R³⁴is CH₃.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R³⁴is halo.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R³⁴is Cl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R³⁴is F.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R²⁹is H.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R²⁹is CN.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R²⁹is Cl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R²⁹is F.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R²⁹is C₁-C₆alkyl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R²⁹is CH₃.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R²⁹is C₁-C₆alkyl substituted with hydroxy.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R²⁹is 2-hydroxy-2-propyl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R²⁹is 1-hydroxy-1-cyclopropyl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R²⁹is C₁-C₆alkyl substituted with oxo.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R²⁹is C₁-C₆alkyl substituted with C₁-C₆alkoxy.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R²⁹is C₁-C₆alkyl substituted with NR¹¹R¹².

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R²⁹is C₁-C₆alkyl substituted with COOC₁-C₆alkyl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R²⁹is C₁-C₆alkyl substituted with CONR¹¹R¹².

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R²⁹is C₁-C₆alkyl substituted with C₃-C₇cycloalkyl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R²⁹is C₁-C₆alkyl substituted with 3- to 7-membered heterocycloalkyl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R²⁹is C₁-C₆alkyl substituted with C₆-C₁₀aryl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R²⁹is C₁-C₆alkyl substituted with 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R²⁹is C₁-C₆alkyl substituted with NR¹¹R¹².

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R²⁹is C₁-C₆alkyl substituted with NH₂.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R²⁹is C₁-C₆alkyl substituted with NH(C₁-C₆alkyl).

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R²⁹is C₁-C₆alkyl substituted with N(C₁-C₆alkyl)₂.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R²⁹is dimethylaminomethyl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R²⁹is C₁-C₆alkyl substituted with NR¹¹R¹²wherein R¹¹and R¹²taken together with the nitrogen they are attached to form a 3- to 7-membered ring optionally containing one or more heteroatoms in addition to the nitrogen they are attached to.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R²⁹is S(O₂)C₁-C₆alkyl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R²⁹is S(O₂)CH₃.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R²⁹is C₁-C₆alkyl substituted with NHCOC₆-C₁₀aryl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R²⁹is C₁-C₆alkyl substituted with NHCO(5- to 10-membered heteroaryl).

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R²⁹is C₁-C₆alkyl substituted with NHCO(3- to 7-membered heterocycloalkyl).

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R²⁹is C₁-C₆alkyl substituted with NHCO(3- to 7-membered heterocycloalkyl) optionally substituted with oxo.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R²⁹is C₁-C₆alkyl substituted with NHCOC₂-C₆alkynyl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R²⁹is C₁-C₆haloalkyl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R²⁹is halo.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R²⁹is C₃-C₇cycloalkyl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R²⁹is C₃-C₇cycloalkyl substituted with hydroxy.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R²⁹is C₃-C₇cycloalkyl substituted with C₁-C₆alkoxy.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R²⁹is C₃-C₇cycloalkyl substituted with NR¹¹R¹².

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R²⁹is C₃-C₇cycloalkyl substituted with COOC₁-C₆alkyl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R²⁹is C₃-C₇cycloalkyl substituted with CONR¹¹R¹².

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R²⁹is C₃-C₇cycloalkyl substituted substituted with C₁-C₆alkyl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R²⁹is 3- to 7-membered heterocycloalkyl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R²⁹is 3- to 7-membered nonaromatic monocyclic heterocycloalkyl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R²⁹is 1,3-dioxolan-2-yl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R²⁹is 3- to 7-membered nonaromatic monocyclic heterocycloalkyl substituted with hydroxy.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R²⁹is 3- to 7-membered nonaromatic monocyclic heterocycloalkyl substituted with oxo.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R²⁹is 3- to 7-membered nonaromatic monocyclic heterocycloalkyl substituted with C₁-C₆alkoxy.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R²⁹is 3- to 7-membered heterocycloalkyl substituted with C₁-C₆alkyl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R²⁹is 3- to 7-membered nonaromatic monocyclic heterocycloalkyl substituted with C₁-C₆alkyl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R²⁹is 2-methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-yl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R²⁹is 3- to 7-membered heterocycloalkyl substituted with hydroxy.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R²⁹is 3- to 7-membered heterocycloalkyl substituted with C₁-C₆alkoxy.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R²⁹is 3- to 7-membered heterocycloalkyl substituted with NR¹¹R¹².

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R²⁹is 3- to 7-membered heterocycloalkyl substituted with COOC₁-C₆alkyl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R²⁹is 3- to 7-membered heterocycloalkyl substituted with CONR¹¹R¹².

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R²⁹is 5- to 7-membered aromatic monocyclic radical having 1-3 heteroatoms selected from O, N, or S, wherein 0, 1, 2 or 3 atoms of each ring are optionally substituted with one or more substituents each independently selected from hydroxy, C₁-C₆alkoxy, NR¹¹R¹², COOC₁-C₆alkyl, and CONR¹¹R¹². In some embodiments, R²⁹is pyridyl optionally substituted with one or more substituents each independently selected from hydroxy, C₁-C₆alkoxy, NR¹¹R¹², COOC₁-C₆alkyl, and CONR¹¹R¹². In some embodiments, R²⁹is pyrimidinyl optionally substituted with one or more substituents each independently selected from hydroxy, C₁-C₆alkoxy, NR¹¹R¹², COOC₁-C₆alkyl, and CONR¹¹R¹². In some embodiments, R²⁹is pyrrolyl optionally substituted with one or more substituents each independently selected from hydroxy, C₁-C₆alkoxy, NR¹¹R¹², COOC₁-C₆alkyl, and CONR¹¹R¹². In some embodiments, R²⁹is pyrazolyl optionally substituted with one or more substituents each independently selected from hydroxy, C₁-C₆alkoxy, NR¹¹R¹², COOC₁-C₆alkyl, and CONR¹¹R¹². In some embodiments, R²⁹is imidazolyl optionally substituted with one or more substituents each independently selected from hydroxy, C₁-C₆alkoxy, NR¹¹R¹², COOC₁-C₆alkyl, and CONR¹¹R¹². In some embodiments, R²⁹is oxazolyl optionally substituted with one or more substituents each independently selected from hydroxy, C₁-C₆alkoxy, NR¹¹R¹², COOC₁-C₆alkyl, and CONR¹¹R¹². In some embodiments, R²⁹is thiazolyl optionally substituted with one or more substituents each independently selected from hydroxy, C₁-C₆alkoxy, NR¹¹R¹², COOC₁-C₆alkyl, and CONR¹¹R¹².

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R²⁹is S(O₂)C₁-C₆alkyl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R²⁹is S(O₂)CH₃.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R³⁵is H.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R³⁵is CN.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R³⁵is Cl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R³⁵is F.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R³⁵is C₁-C₆alkyl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R³⁵is CH₃.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R³⁵is C₁-C₆alkyl substituted with hydroxy.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R³⁵is 2-hydroxy-2-propyl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R³⁵is 1-hydroxy-1-cyclopropyl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R³⁵is C₁-C₆alkyl substituted with oxo.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R³⁵is C₁-C₆alkyl substituted with C₁-C₆alkoxy.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R³⁵is C₁-C₆alkyl substituted with NR¹¹R¹².

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R³⁵is C₁-C₆alkyl substituted with COOC₁-C₆alkyl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R³⁵is C₁-C₆alkyl substituted with CONR¹¹R¹².

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R³⁵is C₁-C₆alkyl substituted with C₃-C₇cycloalkyl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R³⁵is C₁-C₆alkyl substituted with 3- to 7-membered heterocycloalkyl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R³⁵is C₁-C₆alkyl substituted with C₆-C₁₀aryl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R³⁵is C₁-C₆alkyl substituted with 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R³⁵is C₁-C₆alkyl substituted with NR¹¹R¹².

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R³⁵is C₁-C₆alkyl substituted with NH₂.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R³⁵is C₁-C₆alkyl substituted with NH(C₁-C₆alkyl).

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R³⁵is C₁-C₆alkyl substituted with N(C₁-C₆alkyl)₂.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R³⁵is dimethylaminomethyl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R³⁵is C₁-C₆alkyl substituted with NR¹¹R¹², wherein R¹¹and R¹²taken together with the nitrogen they are attached to form a 3- to 7-membered ring optionally containing one or more heteroatoms in addition to the nitrogen they are attached to.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R³⁵is S(O₂)C₁-C₆akyl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R³⁵is S(O₂)CH₃.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R³⁵is C₁-C₆alkyl substituted with NHCOC₆-C₁₀aryl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R³⁵is C₁-C₆alkyl substituted with NHCO(5- to 10-membered heteroaryl).

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R³⁵is C₁-C₆alkyl substituted with NHCO(3- to 7-membered heterocycloalkyl).

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R³⁵is C₁-C₆alkyl substituted with NHCO(3- to 7-membered heterocycloalkyl) optionally substituted with oxo.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R³⁵is C₁-C₆alkyl substituted with NHCOC₂-C₆alkynyl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R³⁵is C₁-C₆haloalkyl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R³⁵is halo.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R³⁵is C₃-C₇cycloalkyl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R³⁵is C₃-C₇cycloalkyl substituted with hydroxy.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R³⁵is C₃-C₇cycloalkyl substituted with C₁-C₆alkoxy.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R³⁵is C₃-C₇cycloalkyl substituted with NR¹¹R¹².

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R³⁵is C₃-C₇cycloalkyl substituted with COOC₁-C₆alkyl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R³⁵is C₃-C₇cycloalkyl substituted with CONR¹¹R¹².

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R³⁵is C₃-C₇cycloalkyl substituted substituted with C₁-C₆alkyl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R³⁵is 3- to 7-membered heterocycloalkyl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R³⁵is 3- to 7-membered nonaromatic monocyclic heterocycloalkyl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R³⁵is 1,3-dioxolan-2-yl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R³⁵is 3- to 7-membered nonaromatic monocyclic heterocycloalkyl substituted with hydroxy.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R³⁵is 3- to 7-membered nonaromatic monocyclic heterocycloalkyl substituted with oxo.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R³⁵is 3- to 7-membered nonaromatic monocyclic heterocycloalkyl substituted with C₁-C₆alkoxy.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R³⁵is 3- to 7-membered heterocycloalkyl substituted with C₁-C₆alkyl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R³⁵is 3- to 7-membered nonaromatic monocyclic heterocycloalkyl substituted with C₁-C₆alkyl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R³⁵is 2-methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-yl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R³⁵is 3- to 7-membered heterocycloalkyl substituted with hydroxy.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R³⁵is 3- to 7-membered heterocycloalkyl substituted with C₁-C₆alkoxy.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R³⁵is 3- to 7-membered heterocycloalkyl substituted with NR¹¹R¹².

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R³⁵is 3- to 7-membered heterocycloalkyl substituted with COOC₁-C₆alkyl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R³⁵is 3- to 7-membered heterocycloalkyl substituted with CONR¹¹R¹².

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R³⁵is 5- to 7-membered aromatic monocyclic radical having 1-3 heteroatoms selected from O, N, or S, wherein 0, 1, 2 or 3 atoms of each ring are optionally substituted with one or more substituents each independently selected from hydroxy, C₁-C₆alkoxy, NR¹¹R¹², COOC₁-C₆alkyl, and CONR¹¹R¹². In some embodiments, R³⁵is pyridyl optionally substituted with one or more substituents each independently selected from hydroxy, C₁-C₆alkoxy, NR¹¹R¹², COOC₁-C₆alkyl, and CONR¹¹R¹². In some embodiments, R³⁵is pyrimidinyl optionally substituted with one or more substituents each independently selected from hydroxy, C₁-C₆alkoxy, NR¹¹R¹², COOC₁-C₆alkyl, and CONR¹¹R¹². In some embodiments, R³⁵is pyrrolyl optionally substituted with one or more substituents each independently selected from hydroxy, C₁-C₆alkoxy, NR¹¹R¹², COOC₁-C₆alkyl, and CONR¹¹R¹². In some embodiments, R³⁵is pyrazolyl optionally substituted with one or more substituents each independently selected from hydroxy, C₁-C₆alkoxy, NR¹¹R¹², COOC₁-C₆alkyl, and CONR¹¹R¹². In some embodiments, R³⁵is imidazolyl optionally substituted with one or more substituents each independently selected from hydroxy, C₁-C₆alkoxy, NR¹¹R¹², COOC₁-C₆alkyl, and CONR¹¹R¹². In some embodiments, R³⁵is oxazolyl optionally substituted with one or more substituents each independently selected from hydroxy, C₁-C₆alkoxy, NR¹¹R¹², COOC₁-C₆alkyl, and CONR¹¹R¹². In some embodiments, R³⁵is thiazolyl optionally substituted with one or more substituents each independently selected from hydroxy, C₁-C₆alkoxy, NR¹¹R¹², COOC₁-C₆alkyl, and CONR¹¹R¹².

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R³⁵is S(O₂)C₁-C₆alkyl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R³⁵is S(O₂)CH₃.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R²¹is H.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R²¹is CN.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R²¹is Cl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R²¹is F.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R²¹is C₁-C₆alkyl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R²¹is CH₃.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R²¹is C₁-C₆alkyl substituted with hydroxy.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R²¹is 2-hydroxy-2-propyl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R²¹is 1-hydroxy-1-cyclopropyl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R²¹is C₁-C₆alkyl substituted with oxo.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R²¹is C₁-C₆alkyl substituted with C₁-C₆alkoxy.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R²¹is C₁-C₆alkyl substituted with NR¹¹R¹².

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R²¹is C₁-C₆alkyl substituted with COOC₁-C₆alkyl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R²¹is C₁-C₆alkyl substituted with CONR¹¹R¹².

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R²¹is C₁-C₆alkyl substituted with C₃-C₇cycloalkyl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R²¹is C₁-C₆alkyl substituted with 3- to 7-membered heterocycloalkyl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R²¹is C₁-C₆alkyl substituted with C₆-C₁₀aryl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R²¹is C₁-C₆alkyl substituted with 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R²¹is C₁-C₆alkyl substituted with NR¹¹R¹².

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R²¹is C₁-C₆alkyl substituted with NH₂.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R²¹is C₁-C₆alkyl substituted with NH(C₁-C₆alkyl).

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R²¹is C₁-C₆alkyl substituted with N(C₁-C₆alkyl)₂.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R²¹is dimethylaminomethyl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R²¹is C₁-C₆alkyl substituted with NR¹¹R¹², wherein R¹¹and R¹²taken together with the nitrogen they are attached to form a 3- to 7-membered ring optionally containing one or more heteroatoms in addition to the nitrogen they are attached to.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R²¹is S(O₂)C₁-C₆akyl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R²¹is S(O₂)CH₃.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R²¹is C₁-C₆alkyl substituted with NHCOC₆-C₁₀aryl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R²¹is C₁-C₆alkyl substituted with NHCO(5- to 10-membered heteroaryl).

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R²¹is C₁-C₆alkyl substituted with NHCO(3- to 7-membered heterocycloalkyl).

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R²¹is C₁-C₆alkyl substituted with NHCO(3- to 7-membered heterocycloalkyl) optionally substituted with oxo.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R²¹is C₁-C₆alkyl substituted with NHCOC₂-C₆alkynyl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R²¹is C₁-C₆haloalkyl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R²¹is halo.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R²¹is C₃-C₇cycloalkyl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R²¹is C₃-C₇cycloalkyl substituted with hydroxy.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R²¹is C₃-C₇cycloalkyl substituted with C₁-C₆alkoxy.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R²¹is C₃-C₇cycloalkyl substituted with NR¹¹R¹².

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R²¹is C₃-C₇cycloalkyl substituted with COOC₁-C₆alkyl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R²¹is C₃-C₇cycloalkyl substituted with CONR¹¹R¹².

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R²¹is C₃-C₇cycloalkyl substituted with C₁-C₆alkyl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R²⁹is 3- to 7-membered heterocycloalkyl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R²¹is 3- to 7-membered nonaromatic monocyclic heterocycloalkyl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R²¹is 1,3-dioxolan-2-yl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R²¹is 3- to 7-membered nonaromatic monocyclic heterocycloalkyl substituted with hydroxy.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R²¹is 3- to 7-membered nonaromatic monocyclic heterocycloalkyl substituted with oxo.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R²¹is 3- to 7-membered nonaromatic monocyclic heterocycloalkyl substituted with C₁-C₆alkoxy.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R²¹is 3- to 7-membered heterocycloalkyl substituted with C₁-C₆alkyl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R²¹is 3- to 7-membered nonaromatic monocyclic heterocycloalkyl substituted with C₁-C₆alkyl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R²¹is 2-methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-yl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R²¹is 3- to 7-membered heterocycloalkyl substituted with hydroxy.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R²¹is 3- to 7-membered heterocycloalkyl substituted with C₁-C₆alkoxy.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R²¹is 3- to 7-membered heterocycloalkyl substituted with NR¹¹R¹².

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R²¹is 3- to 7-membered heterocycloalkyl substituted with COOC₁-C₆alkyl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R²¹is 3- to 7-membered heterocycloalkyl substituted with CONR¹¹R¹².

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R²¹is 5- to 7-membered aromatic monocyclic radical having 1-3 heteroatoms selected from O, N, or S, wherein 0, 1, 2 or 3 atoms of each ring are optionally substituted with one or more substituents each independently selected from hydroxy, C₁-C₆alkoxy, NR¹¹R¹², COOC₁-C₆alkyl, and CONR¹¹R¹². In some embodiments, R²¹is pyridyl optionally substituted with one or more substituents each independently selected from hydroxy, C₁-C₆alkoxy, NR¹¹R¹², COOC₁-C₆alkyl, and CONR¹¹R¹². In some embodiments, R²¹is pyrimidinyl optionally substituted with one or more substituents each independently selected from hydroxy, C₁-C₆alkoxy, NR¹¹R¹², COOC₁-C₆alkyl, and CONR¹¹R¹². In some embodiments, R²¹is pyrrolyl optionally substituted with one or more substituents each independently selected from hydroxy, C₁-C₆alkoxy, NR¹¹R¹², COOC₁-C₆alkyl, and CONR¹¹R¹². In some embodiments, R²¹is pyrazolyl optionally substituted with one or more substituents each independently selected from hydroxy, C₁-C₆alkoxy, NR¹¹R¹², COOC₁-C₆alkyl, and CONR¹¹R¹². In some embodiments, R²¹is imidazolyl optionally substituted with one or more substituents each independently selected from hydroxy, C₁-C₆alkoxy, NR¹¹R¹², COOC₁-C₆alkyl, and CONR¹¹R¹². In some embodiments, R²¹is oxazolyl optionally substituted with one or more substituents each independently selected from hydroxy, C₁-C₆alkoxy, NR¹¹R¹², COOC₁-C₆alkyl, and CONR¹¹R¹². In some embodiments, R²¹is thiazolyl optionally substituted with one or more substituents each independently selected from hydroxy, C₁-C₆alkoxy, NR¹¹R¹², COOC₁-C₆alkyl, and CONR¹¹R¹².

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R²¹is S(O₂)C₁-C₆alkyl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R²¹is S(O₂)CH₃.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R³⁶is H.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R³⁶is CN.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R³⁶is C₁-C₆alkyl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R³⁶is CH₃.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R³⁶is halo.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R³⁶is Cl.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, R³⁶is F.

The Moieties

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In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, the moiety

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In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein,

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(RHS1).

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, RHS1 is

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In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, RHS1 is

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In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, RHS1 is

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In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, RHS1 is

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In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, RHS1 is

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In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, RHS1 is

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In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, RHS1 is

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In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, RHS1 is

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In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, RHS1 is

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In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein,

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(RHS2).

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, RHS2 is

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In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, RHS2 is

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In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, RHS2 is

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In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, RHS2 is

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In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, RHS2 is

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In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein,

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(RHS3).

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, RHS3 is

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In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, RHS3 is

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In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, RHS3 is

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In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, RHS3 is

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In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, RHS3 is

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In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, RHS3 is

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In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, RHS3 is

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In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, RHS3 is

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In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, RHS3 is

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In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, RHS3 is

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In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, RHS3 is

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In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, RHS3 is

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In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein,

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(RHS4).

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, RHS4 is

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In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, RHS4 is

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In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, RHS4 is

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In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein,

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(RHS5).

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, RHS5 is

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In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, RHS5 is

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In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein,

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(RHS6).

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, RHS6 is

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In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein,

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(RHS7).

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, RHS7 is

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In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, RHS7 is

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In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, RHS7 is

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In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, RHS7 is

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In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein,

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(RHS8).

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, RHS8 is

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In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein,

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(RHS9).

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, RHS9 is

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In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein,

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(RHS10).

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, RHS10 is

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In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein,

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(RHS11).

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, RHS11 is

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In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein,

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(RHS12).

The Moiety

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In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein,

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(LHS1).

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, LHS1 is

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In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, LHS1 is

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In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, LHS1 is

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In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, LHS1 is

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In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein,

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(LHS2).

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, LHS2 is

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In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, LHS2 is

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In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, LHS2 is

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In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, LHS2 is

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In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, LHS2 is

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In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, LHS2 is

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In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, LHS2 is

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In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein,

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(LHS3).

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, LHS3 is

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In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, LHS3 is

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In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, LHS3 is

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In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, LHS3 is

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In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, LHS3 is

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In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, LHS3 is

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In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, LHS3 is

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In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, LHS3 is

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In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein,

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(LHS4).

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, LHS4 is

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In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, LHS4 is

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In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein,

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(LHS5).

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, LHS5 is

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In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein,

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(LHS6).

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, LHS6 is

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In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein,

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(LHS7).

In some embodiments of LHS7, X¹⁰is N; and X²is O.

In some embodiments of LHS7, X¹⁰is N; and X²is S.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, LHS7 is

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In some embodiments of LHS7, X¹⁰is CR¹⁰; and X²is O.

In some embodiments of LHS7, X¹⁰is CR¹⁰; and X²is S.

In some embodiments of LHS7, X¹⁰is CH; and X²is O.

In some embodiments of LHS7, X¹⁰is CH; and X²is S.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein,

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(LHS8).

In some embodiments of LHS8, X¹is O; and X²is N.

In some embodiments of LHS8, X¹is S; and X²is N.

In some embodiments of LHS8, X¹is O; and X²is CR⁴².

In some embodiments of LHS8, X¹is S; and X²is CR⁴².

In some embodiments of LHS8, X¹is O; and X²is CH.

In some embodiments of LHS8, X¹is S; and X²is CH.

In some embodiments of LHS8, X¹is O; and X²is CCH₃.

In some embodiments of LHS8, X¹is S; and X²is CCH₃.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein,

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(LHS11).

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, LHS11 is

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In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein,

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(LHS15).

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, LHS15 is

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In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein,

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(LHS16).

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, LHS16 is

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The Moiety

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In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein,

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(LHS9).

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, LHS9 is

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In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, LHS9 is

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In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, LHS9 is

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In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, LHS9 is

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In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein,

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(LHS10).

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, LHS10 is

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In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein,

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(LHS12).

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, LHS12 is

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In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, LHS12 is

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In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, LHS12 is

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In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, LHS12 is

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In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein,

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(LHS13).

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, LHS13 is

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In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein,

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(LHS14).

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, LHS14 is

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In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein,

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(LHS17).

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein, LHS17 is

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In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein,

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(LHS18).
Additional Embodiments

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS1,

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is RHS1, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS1,

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is RHS2, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS1,

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is RHS3, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS1,

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is RHS4, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS1,

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is RHS5, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS1,

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is RHS6, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS1,

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is RHS7, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS1,

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is RHS8, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS2,

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is RHS1, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS2,

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is RHS2, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS2,

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is RHS3, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS2,

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is RHS4, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS2,

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is RHS5, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS2,

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is RHS6, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS2,

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is RHS7, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS2,

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is RHS8, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS3,

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is RHS1, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS3,

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is RHS2, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS3,

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is RHS3, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS3,

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is RHS4, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS3, is

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is RHS5, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS3, is

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is RHS6, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS3,

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is RHS7, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS3,

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is RHS8, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS4,

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is RHS1, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS4,

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is RHS2, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS4,

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is RHS3, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS4,

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is RHS4, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS4,

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is RHS5, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS4,

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is RHS6, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS4,

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is RHS7, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS4,

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is RHS8, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS5,

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is RHS1, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS5,

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is RHS2, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS5,

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is RHS3, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS5,

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is RHS4, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS5,

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is RHS5, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS5,

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is RHS6, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS5,

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is RHS7, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS5,

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is RHS8, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS6,

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is RHS1, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS6,

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is RHS2, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS6,

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is RHS3, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS6,

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is RHS4, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS6,

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is RHS5, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS6,

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is RHS6, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS6,

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is RHS7, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS6,

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is RHS8, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS7,

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is RHS1, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS7,

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is RHS2, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS7,

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is RHS3, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS7,

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is RHS4, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS7,

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is RHS5, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS7,

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is RHS6, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS7,

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is RHS7, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS7,

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is RHS8, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS8,

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is RHS1, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS8,

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is RHS2, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS8,

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is RHS3, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS8,

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is RHS4, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS8,

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is RHS5, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS8,

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is RHS6, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS8,

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is RHS7, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS8,

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is RHS8, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS9,

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is RHS1, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS9,

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is RHS2, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS9,

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is RHS3, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS9,

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is RHS4, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS9,

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is RHS5, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS9,

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is RHS6, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS9,

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is RHS7, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS9,

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is RHS8, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS10,

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is RHS1, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS10,

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is RHS2, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS10,

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is RHS3, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS10,

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is RHS4, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS10,

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is RHS5, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS10,

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is RHS6, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS10,

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is RHS7, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS10,

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is RHS8, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS11,

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is RHS1, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS11,

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is RHS2, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS11,

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is RHS3, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS11,

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is RHS4, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS11,

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is RHS5, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS11,

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is RHS6, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS11,

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is RHS7, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS11,

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is RHS8, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS12,

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is RHS1, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS12,

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is RHS2, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS12,

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is RHS3, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS12,

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is RHS4, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS12,

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is RHS5, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS12,

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is RHS6, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS12,

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is RHS7, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS12,

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is RHS8, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS13,

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is RHS1, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS13,

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is RHS2, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS13,

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is RHS3, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS13,

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is RHS4, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS13,

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is RHS5, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS13,

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is RHS6, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS13,

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is RHS7, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS13,

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is RHS8, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS14,

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is RHS1, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS14,

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is RHS2, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS14,

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is RHS3, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS14,

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is RHS4, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS14,

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is RHS5, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS14,

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is RHS6, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS14,

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is RHS7, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS14,

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is RHS8, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS17,

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is RHS1, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS17,

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is RHS2, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS17,

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is RHS3, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS17,

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is RHS4, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS17,

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is RHS5, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS17,

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is RHS6, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS17,

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is RHS7, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS17,

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is RHS8, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS18,

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is RHS1, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS18,

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is RHS2, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS18,

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is RHS3, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS18,

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is RHS4, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS18,

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is RHS5, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS18,

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is RHS6, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS18,

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is RHS7, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS18,

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is RHS8, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS1,

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is RHS9, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS1,

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is RHS10, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS1,

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is RHS11, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS1,

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is RHS12, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS2,

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is RHS9, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS2,

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is RHS10, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS2,

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is RHS11, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS2,

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is RHS12, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS3,

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is RHS9, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS3,

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is RHS10, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS3,

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is RHS11, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS3,

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is RHS12, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS4,

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is RHS9, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS4,

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is RHS10, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS4,

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is RHS11, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS4,

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is RHS12, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS5,

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is RHS9, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS5,

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is RHS10, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS5,

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is RHS11, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS5,

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is RHS12, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS6,

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is RHS9, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS6,

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is RHS10, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS6,

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is RHS11, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS6,

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is RHS12, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS7,

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is RHS9, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS7,

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is RHS10, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS7,

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is RHS11, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS7,

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is RHS12, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS8,

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is RHS9, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS8,

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is RHS10, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS8,

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is RHS11, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS8,

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is RHS12, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS9,

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is RHS9, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS9,

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is RHS10, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS9,

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is RHS11, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS9,

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is RHS12, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS10,

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is RHS9, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS10,

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is RHS10, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS10,

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is RHS11, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS10,

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is RHS12, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS11,

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is RHS9, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS11,

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is RHS10, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS11,

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is RHS11, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS11,

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is RHS12, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS12,

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is RHS9, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS12,

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is RHS10, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS12,

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is RHS11, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS12,

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is RHS12, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS13,

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is RHS9, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS13,

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is RHS10, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS13,

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is RHS11, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS13,

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is RHS12, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS14,

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is RHS9, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS14,

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is RHS10, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS14,

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is RHS11, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS14,

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is RHS12, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS17,

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is RHS9, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS17,

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is RHS10, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS17,

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is RHS11, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS17,

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is RHS12, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS18,

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is RHS9, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS18,

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is RHS10, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS18,

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is RHS11, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of one or more formulae herein Ar is LHS18,

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is RHS12, each R²⁰is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of the compound of Formula A,

Ar is a heteroaryl group

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or an aryl or heteroaryl group

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X¹is O, S, N, CR⁴¹or NR⁴¹;

X¹⁰is O, S, N, CR¹⁰or NR¹⁰;

X¹¹is O, S, N, CR¹or NR¹;

X²is O, S, N, CR⁴²or NR⁴²;

X³⁵is N or CR³⁵;

X²¹is N or CR²¹;

X³⁶is N or CR³⁶;

X⁴is CR⁴, N or NR²⁴;

each R²⁰is hydrogen ;

Y is CR²;

Z is N or CR⁸;

R⁸is selected from H, CN, Cl, F, C₁-C₆alkyl, C₁-C₆haloalkoxy, and C₁-C₆haloalkyl;

R²is hydrogen, C₁-C₆alkoxy, halo, C₁-C₆haloalkyl, C₃-C₇cycloalkyl or C₁-C₆alkyl optionally substituted with hydroxy;

R³is hydrogen, C₁-C₆alkoxy, halo, C₁-C₆haloalkyl, C₃-C₇cycloalkyl or C₁-C₆alkyl optionally substituted with hydroxy;

R⁴is hydrogen, C₁-C₆alkoxy, halo, C₁-C₆haloalkyl, C₃-C₇cycloalkyl or C₁-C₆alkyl optionally substituted with hydroxy;

R²⁴is absent and R⁵is hydrogen, C₁-C₆alkoxy, halo, C₁-C₆haloalkyl, C₃-C₇cycloalkyl or C₁-C₆alkyl optionally substituted with hydroxy;

or R²and R³taken together with the carbons connecting them form a four-membered to seven-membered ring A,

or R⁴and R⁵taken together with the carbons connecting them form a four-membered to seven-membered ring B,

wherein ring A is

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and ring B is

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wherein

each R⁶in each ring is H;

each of R¹, R¹⁰, R⁴¹and R⁴²when bonded to carbon is independently selected from H, C₁-C₆alkyl, C₁-C₆haloalkyl, halo, C₆-C₁₀aryl, C₃-C₇cycloalkyl, S(O₂)C₁-C₆akyl and 3- to 7-membered heterocycloalkyl, wherein the C₁-C₆alkyl, C₃-C₇cycloalkyl and 3- to 7-membered heterocycloalkyl is optionally substituted with one or more substituents each independently selected from hydroxy, oxo, C₁-C₆alkoxy, and NR¹¹R¹²;

and each of R¹, R¹⁰, R⁴¹and R⁴²when bonded to nitrogen is independently selected from H, C₁-C₆alkyl, C₁-C₆haloalkyl, C₆-C₁₀aryl, C₃-C₇cycloalkyl and 3- to 7-membered heterocycloalkyl, wherein the C₁-C₆alkyl, C₃-C₇cycloalkyl and 3- to 7-membered heterocycloalkyl is optionally substituted with one or more substituents each independently selected from hydroxy, oxo, C₁-C₆alkoxy, and NR¹¹R¹²;

or R¹and R¹⁰taken together with the atoms connecting them form a 3-to-8-membered carbocyclic ring;

each of R³⁴, R²⁹, R³⁵, R¹¹and R³⁶is independently selected from H, C₁-C₆alkyl, C₁-C₆haloalkyl, halo, C₃-C₇cycloalkyl, 3- to 7-membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆-C₁₀aryl, and S(O₂)C₁-C₆akyl;

or two groups selected from R³⁴, R²⁹, R³⁵, R¹¹and R³⁶that are on adjacent ring carbon atoms taken together with the adjacent ring carbons form a 6-membered aromatic ring;

each of R¹¹and R¹²at each occurrence is hydrogen.

In some embodiments of the compound of Formula A or Formula I,

Ar is a heteroaryl group

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X¹is O, S, N, CR⁴¹or NR⁴¹;

X¹⁰is O, S, N, CR¹⁰or NR¹⁰;

X¹¹is O, S, N, CR¹or NR¹;

X²is O, S, N, CR⁴²or NR⁴²;

or R¹and R¹⁰taken together with the atoms connecting them form a 3-to-8-membered carbocyclic ring.

In some embodiments of the compound of Formula A or Formula II,

Ar is an aryl or heteroaryl group

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X³⁵is N or CR³⁵;

X²¹is N or CR²¹;

X³⁶is N or CR³⁶;

each of R³⁴, R²⁹, R³⁵, R²¹and R³⁶is independently selected from H, C₁-C₆alkyl, C₁-C₆haloalkyl, halo, C₃-C₇cycloalkyl, 3- to 7-membered heterocycloalkyl, C₆-C₁₀aryl, and S(O₂)C₁-C₆akyl;

or two groups selected from R³⁴, R²⁹, R³⁵, R²¹and R³⁶that are on adjacent ring carbon atoms taken together with the adjacent ring carbons form a 6-membered aromatic ring.

In some embodiments of the compound of Formula A or I,

Ar is a heteroaryl group

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wherein

X¹is O, S, N or CH;

X¹⁰is CR¹⁰or NR¹⁰;

X¹¹is N, CR¹or NR¹;

X²is O, S, N or CH;

each of R¹and R¹⁰when bonded to carbon is independently selected from H, C₁-C₆alkyl, C₆-C₁₀aryl, S(O₂)C₁-C₆alkyl and C₃-C₇cycloalkyl, wherein the C₁-C₆alkyl and C₃-C₇cycloalkyl is optionally substituted with one or more substituents each independently selected from hydroxy, oxo, C₁-C₆alkoxy, and NR¹¹R¹²;

and each of R¹, R¹⁰when bonded to nitrogen is independently selected from H, C₁-C₆alkyl, C₆-C₁₀aryl, and C₃-C₇cycloalkyl, wherein the C₁-C₆alkyl and C₃-C₇cycloalkyl is optionally substituted with one or more substituents each independently selected from hydroxy and C₁-C₆alkoxy;

R⁸is selected from H, CN, Cl, F, C₁-C₆alkyl, C₁-C₆alkoxy, C₁-C₆haloalkoxy, and C₁-C₆haloalkyl;

R²is hydrogen, C₁-C₆haloalkyl, C₃-C₇cycloalkyl or C₁-C₆alkyl;

R³is hydrogen or halo;

R⁴is hydrogen, C₁-C₆haloalkyl, C₃-C₇cycloalkyl or C₁-C₆alkyl;

R⁵is hydrogen or halo.

In some embodiments, the compound of formula I is a compound of formula Ia

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wherein

X¹⁰is N or CR¹⁰;

and

X²is O, S, or NR⁴².

In some embodiments of the compound of formula Ia

X¹⁰is N;

and

X²is O.

In some embodiments of the compound of formula Ia

X¹⁰is N;

and

X²is S. In some embodiments of the compound of formula Ia

X¹⁰is CR¹⁰;

and

X²is O.

In some embodiments of the compound of formula Ia

X¹⁰is CR¹⁰;

and

X²is S.

In some embodiments of the compound of formula Ia

X¹⁰is CH;

and

X²is O.

In some embodiments of the compound of formula Ia

X¹⁰is CH;

and

X²is S.

In some embodiments, the compound of formula I is a compound of formula Ib

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wherein

X¹is O, S, or NR⁴¹; and

X²is N or CR⁴².

In some embodiments of the compound of formula Ib

X¹is O; and

X²is N.

In some embodiments of the compound of formula Ib

X¹is S; and

X²is N.

In some embodiments of the compound of formula Ib

X¹is O; and

X²is CR⁴².

In some embodiments of the compound of formula Ib

X¹is S; and

X²is CR⁴².

In some embodiments of the compound of formula Ib

X¹is O; and

X²is CH.

In some embodiments of the compound of formula Ib

X¹is S; and

X²is CH.

In some embodiments of the compound of formula Ib

X¹is S; and

X²is CCH₃.

In some embodiments of the compound of formula A, I, Ia or Ib, R¹is C₁-C₆alkyl optionally substituted with hydroxy.

In some embodiments of the compound of formula A, I, Ia or Ib, R¹⁰is C₁-C₆alkyl optionally substituted with hydroxy.

In some embodiments of the compound of formula A, I, Ia or Ib, R¹is 2-hydroxy-2-propyl.

In some embodiments of the compound of formula A, I, Ia or Ib, R¹⁰is 2-hydroxy-2-propyl.

In some embodiments of the compound of formula A, I, Ia or Ib, R¹is C₃-C₇cycloalkyl optionally substituted with hydroxy.

In some embodiments of the compound of formula A, I, Ia or Ib, R¹⁰is C₃-C₇cycloalkyl optionally substituted with hydroxy.

In some embodiments of the compound of formula A, I, Ia or Ib, R¹is 1-hydroxy-1-cyclopropyl.

In some embodiments of the compound of formula A, I, Ia or Ib, R¹⁰is 1-hydroxy-1-cyclopropyl.

In some embodiments of the compound of formula A, I, Ia or Ib, R⁴¹is C₁-C₆alkyl optionally substituted with hydroxy.

In some embodiments of the compound of formula A, I, Ia or Ib, R⁴²is C₁-C₆alkyl optionally substituted with hydroxy.

In some embodiments of the compound of formula A, I, Ia or Ib, R⁴¹is 2-hydroxy-2-propyl.

In some embodiments of the compound of formula A, I, Ia or Ib, R⁴²is 2-hydroxy-2-propyl.

In some embodiments of the compound of formula A, I, Ia or Ib, R⁴¹is C₃-C₇cycloalkyl optionally substituted with hydroxy.

In some embodiments of the compound of formula A, I, Ia or Ib, R⁴²is C₃-C₇cycloalkyl optionally substituted with hydroxy.

In some embodiments of the compound of formula A, I, Ia or Ib, R⁴¹is 1-hydroxy-1-cyclopropyl.

In some embodiments of the compound of formula A, I, Ia or Ib, R⁴²is 1-hydroxy-1-cyclopropyl.

In some embodiments of the compound of formula A, I, Ia or Ib, R¹is C₁-C₆alkyl optionally substituted with NR¹¹R¹², wherein each of R¹¹and R¹²is independently selected from hydrogen and C₁-C₆alkyl.

In some embodiments of the compound of formula A, I, Ia or Ib, R¹is aminomethyl. In some embodiments of the compound of formula A, I, Ia or Ib, R¹is methylaminomethyl.

In some embodiments of the compound of formula A, I, Ia or Ib, R¹is dimethylaminomethyl.

In some embodiments of the compound of formula A, I, Ia or Ib, R¹is C₁-C₆alkyl optionally substituted with NR¹¹R¹², wherein R¹¹and R¹²taken together with the nitrogen they are attached to form a 3- to 7-membered ring optionally containing one or more heteroatoms in addition to the nitrogen they are attached to.

In some embodiments of the compound of formula A, I, Ia or Ib, R¹is S(O₂)C₁-C₆alkyl.

In some embodiments of the compound of formula A, I, Ia or Ib, R¹is S(O₂)CH₃.

In some embodiments of the compound of formula A, I, Ia or Ib, R¹⁰is C₁-C₆alkyl optionally substituted with NR¹¹R¹², wherein each of R¹¹and R¹²is independently selected from hydrogen and C₁-C₆alkyl.

In some embodiments of the compound of formula A, I, Ia or Ib, R¹⁰is aminomethyl. In some embodiments of the compound of formula A, I, Ia or Ib, R¹⁰is methylaminomethyl.

In some embodiments of the compound of formula A, I, Ia or Ib, R¹⁰is dimethylaminomethyl.

In some embodiments of the compound of formula A, I, Ia or Ib, R¹⁰is C₁-C₆alkyl optionally substituted with NR¹¹R¹², wherein R¹¹and R¹²taken together with the nitrogen they are attached to form a 3- to 7-membered ring optionally containing one or more heteroatoms in addition to the nitrogen they are attached to.

In some embodiments of the compound of formula A, I, Ia or Ib, R¹⁰is S(O₂)C₁-C₆alkyl.

In some embodiments of the compound of formula A, I, Ia or Ib, R¹⁰is S(O₂)CH₃.

In some embodiments of the compound of formula A, I, Ia or Ib, R⁴¹is C₁-C₆alkyl optionally substituted with NR¹¹R¹², wherein each of R¹¹and R¹²is independently selected from hydrogen and C₁-C₆alkyl.

In some embodiments of the compound of formula A, I, Ia or Ib, R⁴¹is aminomethyl. In some embodiments of the compound of formula A, I, Ia or Ib, R⁴¹is methylaminomethyl.

In some embodiments of the compound of formula A, I, Ia or Ib, R⁴¹is dimethylaminomethyl.

In some embodiments of the compound of formula A, I, Ia or Ib, R⁴¹is C₁-C₆alkyl optionally substituted with NR¹¹R¹², wherein R¹¹and R¹²taken together with the nitrogen they are attached to form a 3- to 7-membered ring optionally containing one or more heteroatoms in addition to the nitrogen they are attached to.

In some embodiments of the compound of formula A, I, Ia or Ib, R⁴¹is S(O₂)C₁-C₆alkyl.

In some embodiments of the compound of formula A, I, Ia or Ib, R⁴¹is S(O₂)CH₃.

In some embodiments of the compound of formula A, I, Ia or Ib, R⁴²is C₁-C₆alkyl optionally substituted with NR¹¹R¹², wherein each of R¹¹and R¹²is independently selected from hydrogen and C₁-C₆alkyl.

In some embodiments of the compound of formula A, I, Ia or Ib, R⁴²is aminomethyl. In some embodiments of the compound of formula A, I, Ia or Ib, R⁴²is methylaminomethyl.

In some embodiments of the compound of formula A, I, Ia or Ib, R⁴²is dimethylaminomethyl.

In some embodiments of the compound of formula A, I, Ia or Ib, R⁴²is C₁-C₆alkyl optionally substituted with NR¹¹R¹², wherein R¹¹and R¹²taken together with the nitrogen they are attached to form a 3- to 7-membered ring optionally containing one or more heteroatoms in addition to the nitrogen they are attached to.

In some embodiments of the compound of formula A, I, Ia or Ib, R⁴²is S(O₂)C₁-C₆alkyl.

In some embodiments of the compound of formula A, I, Ia or Ib, R⁴²is S(O₂)CH₃.

In some embodiments of the compound of Formula A or II,

Ar is an aryl or heteroaryl group

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X³⁵is CR³⁵;

X²¹is N or CR²¹; X³⁶is CR³⁶;

each of R³⁴, R²⁹, R³⁵, R²¹and R³⁶is independently selected from H, C₁-C₆alkyl, halo, C₃-C₇cycloalkyl, 3- to 7-membered nonaromatic monocyclic heterocycloalkyl, C₆-C₁₀aryl, and S(O₂)C₁-C₆alkyl;

wherein the C₁-C₆alkyl, 3- to 7-membered nonaromatic monocyclic heterocycloalkyl, and C₃-C₇cycloalkyl is optionally substituted with one or more substituents each independently selected from hydroxyl, C₁-C₆alkyl, oxo, NR¹¹R¹², and 3- to 7-membered heterocycloalkyl,

R⁸is selected from H, CN, Cl, F, C₁-C₆alkyl, C₁-C₆alkoxy, C₁-C₆haloalkoxy, and C₁-C₆haloalkyl;

R²is hydrogen, C₁-C₆haloalkyl, C₃-C₇cycloalkyl or C₁-C₆alkyl;

R³is hydrogen or halo;

R⁴is hydrogen, C₁-C₆haloalkyl, C₃-C₇cycloalkyl or C₁-C₆alkyl;

R⁵is hydrogen or halo.

In some embodiments of the compound of formula A or II, R³⁵is 2-hydroxy-2-propyl.

In some embodiments of the compound of formula A or II, R²¹is 2-hydroxy-2-propyl.

In some embodiments of the compound of formula A or II, R²⁹is 2-hydroxy-2-propyl.

In some embodiments of the compound of formula A or II, R³⁵is 1-hydroxy-1-cyclopropyl.

In some embodiments of the compound of formula A or II, R²¹is 1-hydroxy-1-cyclopropyl.

In some embodiments of the compound of formula A or II, R²⁹is 1-hydroxy-1-cyclopropyl.

In some embodiments of the compound of formula A or II, R³⁵is C₁-C₆alkyl optionally substituted with NR¹¹R¹², wherein each of R¹¹and R¹²is independently selected from hydrogen and C₁-C₆alkyl.

In some embodiments of the compound of formula A or II, R³⁵is aminomethyl. In some embodiments of the compound of formula A or II, R³⁵is methylaminomethyl. In some embodiments of the compound of formula A or II, R³⁵is dimethylaminomethyl.

In some embodiments of the compound of formula A or II, R³⁵is C₁-C₆alkyl optionally substituted with NR¹¹R¹², wherein R¹¹and R¹²taken together with the nitrogen they are attached to form a 3- to 7-membered ring optionally containing one or more heteroatoms in addition to the nitrogen they are attached to.

In some embodiments of the compound of formula A or II, R³⁵is S(O₂)C₁-C₆alkyl.

In some embodiments of the compound of formula A or II, R³⁵is S(O₂)CH₃.

In some embodiments of the compound of formula A or II, R²¹is C₁-C₆alkyl optionally substituted with NR¹¹R¹², wherein each of R¹¹and R¹²is independently selected from hydrogen and C₁-C₆alkyl.

In some embodiments of the compound of formula A or II, R²¹is aminomethyl. In some embodiments of the compound of formula A or II, R²¹is methylaminomethyl. In some embodiments of the compound of formula A or II, R²¹is dimethylaminomethyl.

In some embodiments of the compound of formula A or II, R²¹is C₁-C₆alkyl optionally substituted with NR¹¹R¹², wherein R¹¹and R¹²taken together with the nitrogen they are attached to form a 3- to 7-membered ring optionally containing one or more heteroatoms in addition to the nitrogen they are attached to.

In some embodiments of the compound of formula A or II, R²¹is S(O₂)C₁-C₆alkyl.

In some embodiments of the compound of formula A or II, R²¹is S(O₂)CH₃.

In some embodiments of the compound of formula A or II, R²⁹is C₁-C₆alkyl optionally substituted with NR¹¹R¹², wherein each of R¹¹and R¹²is independently selected from hydrogen and C₁-C₆alkyl.

In some embodiments of the compound of formula A or II, R²⁹is aminomethyl. In some embodiments of the compound of formula A or II, R²⁹is methylaminomethyl. In some embodiments of the compound of formula A or II, R²⁹is dimethylaminomethyl.

In some embodiments of the compound of formula A or II, R²⁹is C₁-C₆alkyl optionally substituted with NR¹¹R¹², wherein R¹¹and R¹²taken together with the nitrogen they are attached to form a 3- to 7-membered ring optionally containing one or more heteroatoms in addition to the nitrogen they are attached to.

In some embodiments of the compound of formula A or II, R²⁹is S(O₂)C₁-C₆alkyl.

In some embodiments of the compound of formula A or II, R²⁹is S(O₂)CH₃.

In some embodiments of the compound of formula A or II, R³⁵is 5-membered nonaromatic monocyclic heterocycloalkyl optionally substituted with C₁-C₆alkyl.

In some embodiments of the compound of formula A or II, R³⁵is 6-membered nonaromatic monocyclic heterocycloalkyl optionally substituted with C₁-C₆alkyl.

In some embodiments of the compound of formula A or II, R³⁵is 7-membered nonaromatic monocyclic heterocycloalkyl optionally substituted with C₁-C₆alkyl.

In some embodiments of the compound of formula A or II, R²⁹is 5-membered nonaromatic monocyclic heterocycloalkyl optionally substituted with C₁-C₆alkyl.

In some embodiments of the compound of formula A or II, R²⁹is 6-membered nonaromatic monocyclic heterocycloalkyl optionally substituted with C₁-C₆alkyl.

In some embodiments of the compound of formula A or II, R²⁹is 7-membered nonaromatic monocyclic heterocycloalkyl optionally substituted with C₁-C₆alkyl.

In some embodiments of the compound of formula A or II, R²¹is 5-membered nonaromatic monocyclic heterocycloalkyl optionally substituted with C₁-C₆alkyl.

In some embodiments of the compound of formula A or II, R²¹is 6-membered nonaromatic monocyclic heterocycloalkyl optionally substituted with C₁-C₆alkyl.

In some embodiments of the compound of formula A or II, R²¹is 7-membered nonaromatic monocyclic heterocycloalkyl optionally substituted with C₁-C₆alkyl.

In some embodiments of the compound of formula A or II, R³⁵is 1,3-dioxolan-2-yl.

In some embodiments of the compound of formula A or II, R²¹is 1,3-dioxolan-2-yl.

In some embodiments of the compound of formula A or II, R²⁹is 1,3-dioxolan-2-yl.

In some embodiments of the compound of formula A or II, R³⁵is 2-methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-yl.

In some embodiments of the compound of formula A or II, R²¹is 2-methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-yl.

In some embodiments of the compound of formula A or II, R²⁹is 2-methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-yl.

In some embodiments of the compound of formula A or II, R³⁵is S(O₂)C₁-C₆alkyl.

In some embodiments of the compound of formula A or II, R²¹is S(O₂)C₁-C₆alkyl.

In some embodiments of the compound of formula A or II, R²⁹is S(O₂)C₁-C₆alkyl.

In some embodiments of the compound of formula A or II, R³⁵is S(O₂)CH₃.

In some embodiments of the compound of formula A or II, R²¹is S(O₂)CH₃.

In some embodiments of the compound of formula A or II, R²⁹is S(O₂)CH₃.

In some embodiments of the compound of formula A or II, R²⁹is C₁-C₆alkyl.

In some embodiments of the compound of formula A or II, R³⁵is C₁-C₆alkyl.

In some embodiments of the compound of formula A or II, R²¹is C₁-C₆alkyl.

In some embodiments of the compound of formula A or II, R³⁴is C₁-C₆alkyl.

In some embodiments of the compound of formula A or II, R³⁶is C₁-C₆alkyl.

In some embodiments of the compound of formula A or II, R²⁹is CH₃.

In some embodiments of the compound of formula A or II, R³⁵is CH₃.

In some embodiments of the compound of formula A or II, R²¹is CH₃.

In some embodiments of the compound of formula A or II, R³⁴is CH₃.

In some embodiments of the compound of formula A or II, R³⁶is CH₃.

In some embodiments of the compound of formula A or II, R²⁹is halo.

In some embodiments of the compound of formula A or II, R³⁵is halo.

In some embodiments of the compound of formula A or II, R²¹is halo.

In some embodiments of the compound of formula A or II, R³⁴is halo.

In some embodiments of the compound of formula A or II, R³⁶is halo.

In some embodiments, provided herein is a compound of Formula III

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or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein:

X¹is O, S, or NH;

X²is N or CR⁹;

X³is CH₂;

or X³and R²taken together with the atoms connecting them form a four-to-seven-membered carbocyclic ring optionally substituted with one or more R¹⁶;

or X³and R⁴taken together with the atoms connecting them form a four-to-seven-membered carbocyclic ring optionally substituted with one or more R¹⁶;

Z is N or CR⁸;

R⁸is selected from H, CN, Cl, F, CO₂C₁-C₆alkyl, CO₂C₃-C₈cycloalkyl, CONR¹¹R¹², C₁-C₆alkyl, and C₁-C₆haloalkyl;

R⁹is selected from H, CN, Cl, F, CO₂C₁-C₆alkyl, CO₂C₃-C₈cycloalkyl, CONR¹¹R¹², C₁-C₆alkyl, and C₁-C₆haloalkyl;

R²is hydrogen, C₁-C₆alkoxy, halo, C₁-C₆haloalkyl, or C₁-C₆alkyl optionally substituted with hydroxy;

R³is hydrogen, C₁-C₆alkoxy, halo, C₁-C₆haloalkyl, or C₁-C₆alkyl optionally substituted with hydroxy;

R⁴is hydrogen, C₁-C₆alkoxy, halo, C₁-C₆haloalkyl, or C₁-C₆alkyl optionally substituted with hydroxy;

R⁵is hydrogen, C₁-C₆alkoxy, halo, C₁-C₆haloalkyl, or C₁-C₆alkyl optionally substituted with hydroxy;

provided that at least one of R², R³, R⁴and R⁵is not hydrogen, and that R²and R⁴are not both hydroxymethyl;

or R²and R³taken together with the carbons connecting them form a four-membered to seven-membered ring A,

or R⁴and R⁵taken together with the carbons connecting them form a four-membered to seven-membered ring B,

wherein ring A is

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and ring B is

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wherein

ring A is a carbocyclic ring or a heterocyclic ring containing 1 or 2 heteroatoms independently selected from O, N, and S;

n1 is from 2 to 5;

m1 is from 1 to 10;

wherein ring B is a carbocyclic ring or a heterocyclic ring containing 1 or 2 heteroatoms independently selected from O, N, and S;

n2 is from 2 to 5;

m2 is from 1 to 10;

wherein each R⁶in each ring is the same or different and is selected from H, C₁-C₆alkyl, C₁-C₆alkoxy, NR¹¹R¹², oxo, and ═NR¹³;

R¹is selected from H, C₁-C₆alkyl, C₃-C6 cycloalkyl and C₃-C6 heterocycloalkyl;

wherein R¹is optionally substituted with one or more substituents each independently selected from hydroxy, oxo, C₁-C₆alkoxy, NR¹¹R¹², ═NR¹³, COOC₁-C₆alkyl, and CONR¹¹R¹²;

R¹⁰is selected from H, C₁-C₆alkyl, C₃-C6 cycloalkyl and C₃-C6 heterocycloalkyl;

wherein R¹⁰is optionally substituted with one or more substituents each independently selected from hydroxy, oxo, C₁-C₆alkoxy, NR¹¹R¹², ═NR¹³, COOC₁-C₆alkyl, and CONR¹¹R¹²;

R¹³is C₁-C₆alkyl;

each of R¹¹and R¹²at each occurrence is independently selected from hydrogen, C₁-C₆alkyl, CO₂R¹⁵and CONR¹⁷R¹⁸;

R¹⁵is C₁-C₆alkyl;

each of R¹⁷and R¹⁸at each occurrence is independently selected from hydrogen and C₁-C₆alkyl;

each R¹⁰is the same or different and is selected from H, C₁-C₆alkyl, C₁-C₆alkoxy, NR¹¹R¹², oxo, and ═NR¹³.

In some embodiments, provided herein is a compound of Formula III:

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or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein:

X¹is O, S, or NH;

X²is N or CR⁹;

X³is CH₂;

Z is N or CR⁸;

R⁸is selected from H, CN, Cl, F, CO₂C₁-C₆alkyl and CONH₂;

R⁹is selected from H and C₁-C₆alkyl;

R²is hydrogen or C₁-C₆alkyl optionally substituted with hydroxy;

R³is hydrogen or C₁-C₆alkyl optionally substituted with hydroxy;

R⁴is hydrogen or C₁-C₆alkyl optionally substituted with hydroxy and is the same as R²;

R⁵is hydrogen or C₁-C₆alkyl optionally substituted with hydroxy and is the same as R³;

provided that at least one of R², R³, R⁴and R⁵is not hydrogen, and that R²and R⁴are not both hydroxymethyl;

or R²and R³taken together with the carbons connecting them form a five-membered ring A and R⁴and R⁵taken together with the carbons connecting them form a five-membered ring B,

wherein ring A is

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and ring B is

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wherein each R⁶in each ring is the same and is H or C₁-C₆alkyl, and each R⁷in each ring is the same and is H or C₁-C₆alkyl;

R¹is selected from H, C₁-C₆alkyl and C₃-C6 cycloalkyl, wherein R¹is optionally substituted with one or more substituents each independently selected from hydroxy, amino and oxo;

R¹⁰is selected from H, C₁-C₆alkyl and C₃-C6 cycloalkyl, wherein R¹⁰is optionally substituted with one or more substituents each independently selected from hydroxy, amino and oxo;

or R¹and R¹⁰taken together with the atoms connecting them form a five-membered, a six-membered, or a seven-membered carbocyclic or heterocyclic ring.

In some embodiments, provided herein is a compound of Formula III:

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or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein:

X¹is O, S, or NH;

X²is N or CR⁹;

X³is CH₂;

Z is N or CR⁸;

R⁸is selected from H, CN, Cl, F, CO₂C₁-C₆alkyl and CONH₂;

R⁹is selected from H and C₁-C₆alkyl;

R²is hydrogen or C₁-C₆alkyl optionally substituted with hydroxy;

R³is hydrogen or C₁-C₆alkyl optionally substituted with hydroxy;

R⁴is hydrogen or C₁-C₆alkyl optionally substituted with hydroxy and is the same as R²;

R⁵is hydrogen or C₁-C₆alkyl optionally substituted with hydroxy and is the same as R³;

or R²and R³taken together with the carbons connecting them form a five-membered ring A and R⁴and R⁵taken together with the carbons connecting them form a five-membered ring B,

wherein ring A is

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and ring B is

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wherein each R⁶in each ring is the same and is H or C₁-C₆alkyl, and each IC in each ring is the same and is H or C₁-C₆alkyl;

R¹is selected from H, C₁-C₆alkyl and C₃-C6 cycloalkyl, wherein R¹is optionally substituted with one or more substituents each independently selected from hydroxy, amino and oxo;

R¹⁰is selected from H, C₁-C₆alkyl and C₃-C6 cycloalkyl, wherein R¹⁰is optionally substituted with one or more substituents each independently selected from hydroxy, amino and oxo;

or R¹and R¹⁰taken together with the atoms connecting them form a five-membered, a six-membered, or a seven-membered carbocyclic or heterocyclic ring.

In some embodiments, the compound of Formula III is a compound of Formula IIIa

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or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein:

X¹is O, S, or NH;

X³is CH₂;

or X³and R²taken together with the atoms connecting them form a four-to-seven-membered carbocyclic ring optionally substituted with one or more R¹⁶;

or X³and R⁴taken together with the atoms connecting them form a four-to-seven-membered carbocyclic ring optionally substituted with one or more R¹⁶;

Z is N or CR⁸;

R⁸is selected from H, CN, Cl, F, CO₂C₁-C₆alkyl and CONH₂;

R²is hydrogen, C₁-C₆alkoxy, halo, C₁-C₆haloalkyl, or C₁-C₆alkyl optionally substituted with hydroxy;

R³is hydrogen, C₁-C₆alkoxy, halo, C₁-C₆haloalkyl, or C₁-C₆alkyl optionally substituted with hydroxy;

R⁴is hydrogen, C₁-C₆alkoxy, halo, C₁-C₆haloalkyl, or C₁-C₆alkyl optionally substituted with hydroxy;

R⁵is hydrogen, C₁-C₆alkoxy, halo, C₁-C₆haloalkyl, or C₁-C₆alkyl optionally substituted with hydroxy;

provided that at least one of R², R³, R⁴and R⁵is not hydrogen, and that R²and R⁴are not both hydroxymethyl;

or R²and R³taken together with the carbons connecting them form a four-membered to seven-membered ring A,

or R⁴and R⁵taken together with the carbons connecting them form a four-membered to seven-membered ring B,

wherein ring A is

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and ring B is

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wherein

ring A is a carbocyclic ring or a heterocyclic ring containing 1 or 2 heteroatoms independently selected from O, N, and S;

n1 is from 2 to 5;

m1 is from 1 to 10;

wherein ring B is a carbocyclic ring or a heterocyclic ring containing 1 or 2 heteroatoms independently selected from O, N, and S;

n2 is from 2 to 5;

m2 is from 1 to 10;

wherein each R⁶in each ring is the same or different and is selected from H, C₁-C₆alkyl, C₁-C₆alkoxy, NR¹¹R¹², oxo, and ═NR¹³;

R¹is selected from H, C₁-C₆alkyl and C₃-C6 cycloalkyl, wherein R¹is optionally substituted with hydroxy, amino or oxo;

R¹⁰is selected from H, C₁-C₆alkyl and C₃-C6 cycloalkyl, wherein R¹⁰is optionally substituted with hydroxy, amino or oxo;

wherein R¹⁰is optionally substituted with one or more substituents each independently selected from hydroxy, oxo, C₁-C₆alkoxy, NR¹¹R¹², ═NR¹³, COOC₁-C₆alkyl, and CONR¹¹R¹²;

R¹³is C₁-C₆alkyl;

each of R¹¹and R¹²at each occurrence is independently selected from hydrogen, C₁-C₆alkyl,

CO₂R¹⁵and CONR¹⁷R¹⁸;

R¹⁵is C₁-C₆alkyl;

each of R¹⁷and R¹⁸at each occurrence is independently selected from hydrogen and C₁-C₆alkyl;

each R¹⁶is the same or different and is selected from H, C₁-C₆alkyl, C₁-C₆alkoxy, NR¹¹R¹², oxo, and ═NR¹³.

In some embodiments, the compound of Formula III is a compound of Formula IIIa

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or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof,

wherein

X¹is O, S, or NH;

X³is CH₂;

or X³and R²taken together with the atoms connecting them form a four-to-seven-membered carbocyclic ring optionally substituted with one or more R¹⁶;

or X³and R⁴taken together with the atoms connecting them form a four-to-seven-membered carbocyclic ring optionally substituted with one or more R¹⁶;

Z is N or CR⁸;

R⁸is selected from H, CN, Cl, F, CO₂C₁-C₆alkyl and CONH₂;

R²is hydrogen or C₁-C₆alkyl optionally substituted with hydroxy;

R³is hydrogen or C₁-C₆alkyl optionally substituted with hydroxy;

R⁴is hydrogen or C₁-C₆alkyl optionally substituted with hydroxy and is the same as R²;

R⁵is hydrogen or C₁-C₆alkyl optionally substituted with hydroxy and is the same as R³;

provided that at least one of R², R³, R⁴and R⁵is not hydrogen, and that R²and R⁴are not both hydroxymethyl;

or R²and R³taken together with the carbons connecting them form a five-membered ring A and R⁴and R⁵taken together with the carbons connecting them form a five-membered ring B,

wherein ring A is

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and ring B is

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wherein each R⁶in each ring is the same and is H or C₁-C₆alkyl, and each It⁷in each ring is the same and is H or C₁-C₆alkyl;

R¹is selected from H, C₁-C₆alkyl and C₃-C6 cycloalkyl, wherein R¹is optionally substituted with one or more substituents each independently selected from hydroxy, amino and oxo;

R¹⁰is selected from H, C₁-C₆alkyl and C₃-C6 cycloalkyl, wherein R¹⁰is optionally substituted with one or more substituents each independently selected from hydroxy, amino and oxo;

or R¹and R¹⁰taken together with the atoms connecting them form a five-membered, a six-membered, or a seven-membered carbocyclic or heterocyclic ring.

In some embodiments, the compound of Formula IIIa is a compound of Formula IIIa-i:

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or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof,

wherein:

X³is NH, O or CH₂;

Z is N or CR⁸;

R⁸is selected from H, CN, Cl, F, CO₂C₁-C₆alkyl and CONH₂;

R²is C₁-C₆alkoxy, halo, C₁-C₆haloalkyl, or C₁-C₆alkyl optionally substituted with hydroxy;

R³is hydrogen;

R⁴is C₁-C₆alkoxy, halo, C₁-C₆haloalkyl, or C₁-C₆alkyl optionally substituted with hydroxy;

R⁵is hydrogen;

R¹is selected from H, C₁-C₆alkyl and C₃-C6 cycloalkyl, wherein R¹is optionally substituted with hydroxy, amino or oxo;

R¹⁰is selected from H, C₁-C₆alkyl and C₃-C6 cycloalkyl, wherein R¹⁰is optionally substituted with hydroxy, amino or oxo;

or R¹and R¹⁰taken together with the atoms connecting them form a five-membered, a six-membered, or a seven-membered carbocyclic or heterocyclic ring.

In some embodiments, the compound of Formula IIIa is a compound of Formula IIIa-i:

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or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof,

wherein:

X³is NH, O or CH₂;

Z is N or CR⁸;

R¹is selected from H, CN, Cl, F, CO₂C₁-C₆alkyl and CONH₂;

R³is C₁-C₆alkoxy, halo, C₁-C₆haloalkyl, or C₁-C₆alkyl optionally substituted with hydroxy;

R²is hydrogen;

R⁵is C₁-C₆alkoxy, halo, C₁-C₆haloalkyl, or C₁-C₆alkyl optionally substituted with hydroxy;

R⁴is hydrogen;

R¹is selected from H, C₁-C₆alkyl and C₃-C6 cycloalkyl, wherein R¹is optionally substituted with hydroxy, amino or oxo;

R¹⁰is selected from H, C₁-C₆alkyl and C₃-C6 cycloalkyl, wherein R¹⁰is optionally substituted with hydroxy, amino or oxo;

or R¹and R¹⁰taken together with the atoms connecting them form a five-membered, a six-membered, or a seven-membered carbocyclic or heterocyclic ring.

In some embodiments, the compound of Formula IIIa is a compound of Formula IIIa-i:

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or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof,

wherein:

X³is NH, O or CH₂;

Z is N or CR⁸;

R⁸is selected from H, CN, Cl, F, CO₂C₁-C₆alkyl and CONH₂;

R²and R³taken together with the carbons connecting them form a four-membered to seven-membered ring A and R⁴and R⁵taken together with the carbons connecting them form a four-membered to seven-membered ring B,

wherein ring A is

embedded image

and ring B is

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wherein

ring A is a carbocyclic ring or a heterocyclic ring containing 1 or 2 heteroatoms independently selected from O, N, and S;

n1 is from 2 to 5;

m1 is from 1 to 10;

wherein ring B is a carbocyclic ring or a heterocyclic ring containing 1 or 2 heteroatoms independently selected from O, N, and S;

n2 is from 2 to 5;

m2 is from 1 to 10;

wherein each R⁶in each ring is the same or different and is selected from H, C₁-C₆alkyl, C₁-C₆alkoxy, NR¹¹R¹², oxo, and ═NR¹³;

R¹is selected from H, C₁-C₆alkyl and C₃-C6 cycloalkyl, wherein R¹is optionally substituted with hydroxy, amino or oxo;

R¹⁰is selected from H, C₁-C₆alkyl and C₃-C6 cycloalkyl, wherein R¹⁰is optionally substituted with hydroxy, amino or oxo;

or R¹and R¹⁰taken together with the atoms connecting them form a five-membered, a six-membered, or a seven-membered carbocyclic or heterocyclic ring.

In some embodiments, the compound of Formula III is a compound of Formula IIIa-ii

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or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

In some embodiments, the compound of Formula III is a compound of Formula IIIa-iii

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or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

In some embodiments of the compound of Formulae IIIa, IIIa-i, IIIa-ii, IIIa-iii, and IIIb, R¹is C₁-C₆alkyl or C₃-C6 cycloalkyl, wherein R¹is optionally substituted with one or more substituents each independently selected from hydroxy, amino and oxo. In some embodiments of the compound of Formulae IIIa, IIIa-i, IIIa-ii, IIIa-iii, and IIIb, R¹is C₁-C₆alkyl optionally substituted with one or more hydroxy. In some embodiments of the compound of Formulae IIIa, IIIa-i, IIIa-ii, IIIa-iii, and IIIb, R¹is C₁-C₆alkyl substituted with hydroxy. In some embodiments, the hydroxy is at the carbon of R¹directly bonded to the five-membered heteroaryl ring in Formulae IIIa, IIIa-i, IIIa-ii, IIIa-iii, and IIIb. In some embodiments of the compound of Formulae IIIa, IIIa-i, IIIa-ii, IIIa-iii, and IIIb, R¹is 2-hydroxy-2-propyl.

In some embodiments of the compound of Formulae IIIa, IIIa-i, IIIa-ii, IIIa-iii, and IIIc, R¹⁰is C₁-C₆alkyl or C₃-C6 cycloalkyl, wherein R¹⁰is optionally substituted with one or more substituents each independently selected from hydroxy, amino and oxo. In some embodiments of the compound of Formulae IIIa, IIIa-i, IIIa-ii, IIIa-iii, and IIIc, R¹⁰is C₁-C₆alkyl optionally substituted with one or more hydroxy. In some embodiments of the compound of Formulae IIIa, IIIa-i, IIIa-ii, IIIa-iii, and IIIc, R¹⁰is C₁-C₆alkyl substituted with hydroxy. In some embodiments, the hydroxy is at the carbon of R¹⁰directly bonded to the five-membered heteroaryl ring in Formulae IIIa, IIIa-i, IIIa-ii, IIIa-iii, and IIIc. In some embodiments of the compound of Formulae IIIa, IIIa-i, IIIa-ii, IIIa-iii, and IIIc, R¹⁰is 2-hydroxy-2-propyl.

In some embodiments of the compound of Formulae IIIa, IIIa-i, IIIa-ii, and IIIa-iii, R¹and R¹⁰taken together with the atoms connecting them form a 3-to-8-membered carbocyclic or heterocyclic ring containing 1 or 2 heteroatoms independently selected from O, N, and S, wherein the ring is optionally substituted with one or more substituents each independently selected from hydroxy, oxo, C₁-C₆alkoxy, NR¹¹R¹², ═NR¹³, COOC₁-C₆alkyl, and CONR¹¹R¹²;

In some embodiments of the compound of Formulae IIIa, IIIa-i, IIIa-ii, and IIIa-iii, R¹and R¹⁰taken together with the atoms connecting them form a five-membered carbocyclic ring.

In some embodiments of the compound of Formulae IIIa, IIIa-i, IIIa-ii, and IIIa-iii, R¹and R¹⁰taken together with the atoms connecting them form a six-membered carbocyclic ring. In some embodiments of the compound of Formulae IIIa, IIIa-i, IIIa-ii, and IIIa-iii, R¹and R¹⁰taken together with the atoms connecting them form a five-membered heterocyclic ring containing 1 or 2 heteroatoms independently selected from O, N, and S. In some embodiments of the compound of Formulae IIIa, IIIa-i, IIIa-ii, and IIIa-iii, R¹and R¹⁰taken together with the atoms connecting them form a five-membered heterocyclic ring containing 1 or 2 heteroatoms independently selected from O, N, and S.

In some embodiments of the compound of Formulae IIIa, IIIa-i, IIIa-ii, and IIIa-iii, ring A is a carbocyclic ring and n1 is 3.

In some embodiments of the compound of Formulae IIIa, IIIa-i, IIIa-ii, and IIIa-iii, ring A is a carbocyclic ring and n1 is 4.

In some embodiments of the compound of Formulae IIIa, IIIa-i, IIIa-ii, and IIIa-iii, ring A is a heterocyclic ring containing 1 or 2 heteroatoms independently selected from O, N, and S and n1 is 3.

In some embodiments of the compound of Formulae IIIa, IIIa-i, IIIa-ii, and IIIa-iii, ring A is a heterocyclic ring containing 1 or 2 heteroatoms independently selected from O, N, and S and n1 is 4.

In some embodiments of the compound of Formulae IIIa, IIIa-i, IIIa-ii, and IIIa-iii, ring B is a carbocyclic ring and n2 is 3.

In some embodiments of the compound of Formulae IIIa, IIIa-i, IIIa-ii, and IIIa-iii, ring B is a carbocyclic ring and n2 is 4.

In some embodiments of the compound of Formulae IIIa, IIIa-i, IIIa-ii, and IIIa-iii, ring B is a heterocyclic ring containing 1 or 2 heteroatoms independently selected from O, N, and S and n2 is 3.

In some embodiments of the compound of Formulae IIIa, IIIa-i, IIIa-ii, and IIIa-iii, ring B is a heterocyclic ring containing 1 or 2 heteroatoms independently selected from O, N, and S and n2 is 4.

In some embodiments, the compound of Formula III is a compound of Formula IIIb

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or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

In some embodiments, the compound of Formula III is a compound of Formula IIIc

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or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

In some embodiments, provided herein is a compound of Formula IV