Patent Application
20200199123
Several compounds are known to treat cancer, but do so inadequately. Some known compounds, such as Quizartinib and Cremolanib, can be used to treat Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML). Some of these treatments do not result in complete remission or partial remission. In some instances, treatment can result in mutations that are resistant to inhibitors. Several compounds are known to treat blood disorders (e.g., Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS)), but do so inadequately. Certain embodiments of the invention can address one or more of these deficiencies.
Some embodiments of the invention include inventive compounds (e.g., compounds of Formula (I)). Other embodiments include compositions (e.g., pharmaceutical compositions) comprising the inventive compound. Still other embodiments of the invention include compositions (e.g., pharmaceutical compositions) for treating, for example, certain diseases using the inventive compounds. Some embodiments include methods of using the inventive compound (e.g., in compositions or in pharmaceutical compositions) for administering and treating (e.g., diseases such as cancer or blood disorders). Further embodiments include methods for making the inventive compounds. Additional embodiments of the invention are also discussed herein.
Some embodiments of the present invention include methods of treating a disease or disorder in an individual, wherein the disease or disorder is responsive to interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase (IRAK) inhibition, by administering to said individual a composition comprising a BCL2 inhibitor and a composition comprising an IRAK inhibiting compound, or a composition comprising a BCL2 inhibitor in combination with an IRAK inhibiting compound, wherein the IRAK inhibiting compound is selected from Formula (I)
salts, optical isomers, geometric isomers, salts of isomers, and derivatives thereof. In some embodiments, R1 is H, halogen, hydroxy, C1-C7 alkyl, C2-C7 alkenyl, C2-C7 alkynyl, or C1-C6 alkoxy, which C1-C7 alkyl, C2-C7 alkenyl, C2-C7 alkynyl, or C1-C6 alkoxy is optionally substituted with one or more of halogen, hydroxy, methanoyl (—COH), carboxy (—CO2H), nitro (—NO2), cyano (—CN), ethynyl (—CCH), sulfo (—SO3H), methyl, ethyl, or morpholinyl; R2 is H, halogen, hydroxy, —CN, methanoyl (—COH), carboxy (—CO2H), C1-C7 alkyl, C2-C7 alkenyl, C2-C7 alkynyl, C1-C6 alkoxy, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, or heteroaryl, which methanoyl (—COH), carboxy (—CO2H), C1-C7 alkyl, C2-C7 alkenyl, C2-C7 alkynyl, C2-C6 alkoxy, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, or heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one or more of halogen, hydroxy, methanoyl (—COH), carboxy (—CO2H), nitro (—NO2), —NH2, —N(CH3)2, cyano (—CN), ethynyl (—CCH), propynyl, sulfo (—SO3H), heterocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, pyrrolyl, piperidyl, piperazinyl, morpholinyl, —CO-morpholin-4-yl, —CONH2, —CON(CH3)2, C1-C3 alkyl, C1-C3 perfluoronated alkyl, or C1-C3 alkoxy; R3 is H, halogen, hydroxy, C1-C3 alkyl, C2-C3 alkenyl, C2-C3 alkynyl, or C1-C2 alkoxy, which C1-C3 alkyl, C2-C3 alkenyl, C2-C3 alkynyl, or C1-C2 alkoxy is optionally substituted with one or more of halogen, hydroxy, methanoyl (—COH), carboxy (—CO2H), cyano (—CN), ethynyl (—CCH), sulfo (—SO3H), methyl, or ethyl; R4 is H, halogen, hydroxy, methanoyl (—COH), carboxy (—CO2H), nitro (—NO2), cyano (—CN), sulfo (—SO3H), C1-C4 alkyl, C2-C4 alkenyl, C2-C4 alkynyl, or C1-C3 alkoxy, which C1-C4 alkyl, C2-C4 alkenyl, C2-C4 alkynyl, or C1-C3 alkoxy is optionally substituted with one or more of halogen, hydroxy, methanoyl (—COH), carboxy (—CO2H), nitro (—NO2), cyano (—CN), ethynyl (—CCH), sulfo (—SO3H), methyl, or ethyl; R5 is H, halogen, hydroxy, methanoyl (—COH), carboxy (—CO2H), nitro (—NO2), cyano (—CN), sulfo (—SO3H), C1-C4 alkyl, C2-C4 alkenyl, C2-C4 alkynyl, or C1-C3 alkoxy, which C1-C4 alkyl, C2-C4 alkenyl, C2-C4 alkynyl, or C1-C3 alkoxy is optionally substituted with one or more of halogen, hydroxy, methanoyl (—COH), carboxy (—CO2H), nitro (—NO2), cyano (—CN), ethynyl (—CCH), sulfo (—SO3H), methyl, or ethyl; R6 is H, halogen, hydroxy, methanoyl (—COH), carboxy (—CO2H), nitro (—NO2), cyano (—CN), sulfo (—SO3H), C1-C4 alkyl, C2-C4 alkenyl, C2-C4 alkynyl, or C1-C3 alkoxy, which C1-C4 alkyl, C2-C4 alkenyl, C2-C4 alkynyl, or C1-C3 alkoxy is optionally substituted with one or more of halogen, hydroxy, methanoyl (—COH), carboxy (—CO2H), nitro (—NO2), cyano (—CN), ethynyl (—CCH), sulfo (—SO3H), methyl, or ethyl; Y is
R8 is H, C1-C4 alkyl, C2-C4 alkenyl, C2-C4 alkynyl, methanoyl (—COH), ethanoyl (—COCH3), benzoyl (—COC6H5), toluoyl, carboxy (—CO2H), nitro (—NO2), cyano (—CN), or —COCH2CN; n is 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5; m is 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5; and n+m is at least 1. In some embodiments, R1 is H, halogen, hydroxy, C1-C7 alkyl, or C1-C6 alkoxy, which C1-C7 alkyl or C1-C6 alkoxy is optionally substituted with one or more of halogen, hydroxy, methanoyl (—COH), carboxy (—CO2H), nitro (—NO2), cyano (—CN), ethynyl (—CCH), sulfo (—SO3H), methyl, or ethyl, or morpholinyl. In other embodiments, R1 is Cl, methyl, 2-(morpholinyl)ethoxy, or —OCH3. In yet other embodiments, R1 is not H. In some embodiments, R2 is H, halogen, hydroxy, —CN, methanoyl (—COH), carboxy (—CO2H), C1-C7 alkyl, C1-C6 alkoxy, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, or heteroaryl, which methanoyl (—COH), carboxy (—CO2H), C1-C7 alkyl, C2-C6 alkoxy, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, or heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one or more of halogen, hydroxy, methanoyl (—COH), carboxy (—CO2H), nitro (—NO2), —NH2, —N(CH3)2, cyano (—CN), ethynyl (—CCH), propynyl, sulfo (—SO3H), heterocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, pyrrolyl, piperidyl, piperazinyl, morpholinyl, —CO-morpholin-4-yl, —CONH2, —CON(CH3)2, C1-C3 alkyl, C1-C3 perfluoronated alkyl, or C1-C3 alkoxy. In certain embodiments, R2 is —CO-morpholin-4-yl, —CON(CH3)2, Cl, methyl, —CN, ethynyl, —CONH2, —CON(CH3)2, 2-(morpholinyl)ethoxy, ethoxy, methoxy, 1H-pyrazol-4-yl, 1-methyl-pyrazol-4-yl, 1-(morpholin-4-yl)-pyrazol-4-yl, pyridin-3-yl, 2-methoxy-pyridin-5-yl, pyridin-4-yl, 3,5-dimethylisoxazol-4-yl, 1H-pyrrol-3-yl, 3,5-(di-methyl)-pyrazolyl, pyrazol-3-yl, 5-tetrazolyl, 1H-pyrazol-4-yl, 4-ethyl-piperazin-1-yl, perfluorinated methyl, or perfluorinated ethyl. In still other embodiments, R2 is not H. In certain embodiments, R3 is H, halogen, hydroxy, C1-C3 alkyl, or C1-C2 alkoxy, which C1-C3 alkyl or C1-C2 alkoxy can optionally be substituted with one or more of halogen, hydroxy, methanoyl (—COH), carboxy (—CO2H), cyano (—CN), ethynyl (—CCH), sulfo (—SO3H), methyl, or ethyl. In other embodiments, R3 is H, methoxy, which methoxy is optional substituted with one, two, or three halogen. In still other embodiments, R3 is H or methoxy. In some embodiments, R4 is H, halogen, hydroxy, methanoyl (—COH), carboxy (—CO2H), nitro (—NO2), cyano (—CN), sulfo (—SO3H), C1-C4 alkyl, or C1-C3 alkoxy, which C1-C4 alkyl or C1-C3 alkoxy is optionally substituted with one or more of halogen, hydroxy, methanoyl (—COH), carboxy (—CO2H), nitro (—NO2), cyano (—CN), ethynyl (—CCH), sulfo (—SO3H), methyl, or ethyl. In other embodiments, R4 is F, Cl, Br, methyl, perfluorinated methyl, or methoxy. In some embodiments, R5 is H, halogen, hydroxy, methanoyl (—COH), carboxy (—CO2H), nitro (—NO2), cyano (—CN), sulfo (—SO3H), C1-C4 alkyl, or C1-C3 alkoxy, which C1-C4 alkyl or C1-C3 alkoxy is optionally substituted with one or more of halogen, hydroxy, methanoyl (—COH), carboxy (—CO2H), nitro (—NO2), cyano (—CN), ethynyl (—CCH), sulfo (—SO3H), methyl, or ethyl. In other embodiments, R5 is F, Cl, Br, methyl, ethyl, or methoxy. In some embodiments, R6 is H, halogen, hydroxy, methanoyl (—COH), carboxy (—CO2H), nitro (—NO2), cyano (—CN), sulfo (—SO3H), C1-C4 alkyl, or C1-C3 alkoxy, which C1-C4 alkyl or C1-C3 alkoxy can optionally be substituted with one or more of halogen, hydroxy, methanoyl (—COH), carboxy (—CO2H), nitro (—NO2), cyano (—CN), ethynyl (—CCH), sulfo (—SO3H), methyl, or ethyl. In other embodiments, R6 is F, Cl, Br, methyl, perfluorinated methyl, or methoxy. In some embodiments, Y is
In other embodiments, Y is
In some embodiments, R7 is piperid-2-yl, piperid-3-yl, piperid-4-yl, pyrrolidin-2-yl, pyrrolidin-3-yl, or azetidyl. In certain embodiments, R8 is H, ethanoyl (—COCH3), benzoyl (—COC6H5), ethynyl (—CCH), or —COCH2CN. In some instances, n is 1, 2, or 3. In other instances, m is 1, 2, or 3.
In some embodiments, the compound is I-1, I-2, I-3, I-4, I-5, I-6, I-7, I-8, I-9, I-10, I-11, I-12, I-13, I-14, I-15, I-16, I-17, I-18, I-19, I-20, I-21, I-22, I-23, I-24, I-25, I-26, I-27, I-28, I-29, I-30, I-31, I-32, I-33, I-34, I-35, I-36, I-37, I-38, I-39, I-40, I-41, I-42, I-43, I-44, I-45, I-46, I-47, I-48, I-49, I-50, I-51, I-52, I-53, I-54, I-55, I-56, I-57, I-58, I-59, I-60, I-61, I-62, I-63, I-64, I-65, I-66, I-67, or I-68. In other embodiments, the compound is I-20, I-21, I-22, I-23, I-24, I-25, I-26, I-27, I-28, I-29, I-30, I-31, I-32, I-33, I-34, I-35, I-36, I-37, I-38, I-39, I-40, I-41, I-42, I-43, I-44, I-45, I-46, I-47, I-48, I-49, I-50, I-51, I-52, I-53, I-54, I-55, I-56, I-57, I-58, I-59, I-60, I-61, I-62, I-63, I-64, I-65, I-66, I-67, or I-68. In yet other embodiments, the compound is I-2, I-15, I-20, I-22, I-24, I-26, I-27, I-42, I-53, or I-54. In still other embodiments, the compound is I-2, I-15, I-20, I-22, I-24, I-26, I-27, I-42, I-43, I-44, I-53, or I-54. In some instances, the compound is I-20, I-22, I-24, I-26, I-27, I-42, I-53, or I-54. In yet other instances, the compound is I-20, I-22, I-24, I-26, I-27, I-42, I-43, I-44, I-53, or I-54.
In some embodiments, if Y is —NH—; R1 is H; R3 is H; R4 is H; R5 is H; R6 is H; and R8 is H, then (a) R2 is not H, Cl, methoxy, or CN, and (b) R7 is not
In other embodiments, if Y is —NH—; R1 is H; R3 is H; R4 is H; R5 is H; R6 is H; and R8 is H, then (a) R2 is not H, Cl, F, Br, I, methoxy, ethoxy, or CN, and (b) R7 is not
In still other embodiments, if Y is —NH—; R1 is H; R3 is H; R4 is H; R5 is H; R6 is H; and R8 is H, then (a) R2 can be hydroxy, methanoyl (—COH), carboxy (—CO2H), C1-C7 alkyl, C2-C7 alkenyl, C2-C7 alkynyl, C3-C6 alkoxy, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, or heteroaryl, which methanoyl (—COH), carboxy (—CO2H), C1-C7 alkyl, C2-C7 alkenyl, C2-C7 alkynyl, C3-C6 alkoxy, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, or heteroaryl can optionally be substituted with one or more of halogen, hydroxy, methanoyl (—COH), carboxy (—CO2H), nitro (—NO2), —NH2, —N(CH3)2, cyano (—CN), ethynyl (—CCH), propynyl, sulfo (—SO3H), heterocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, pyrrolyl, piperidyl, piperazinyl, morpholinyl, —CO-morpholin-4-yl, —CONH2, —CON(CH3)2, C1-C3 alkyl, C1-C3 perfluoronated alkyl, or C1-C3 alkoxy, and (b) R7 is not
In yet other embodiments, if Y is —NH—; R1 is H; R3 is H; R4 is H; R5 is H; R6 is H; and R8 is H, then (a) R2 can be hydroxy, methanoyl (—COH), carboxy (—CO2H), C1-C7 alkyl, C2-C7 alkenyl, C2-C7 alkynyl, C5-C6 alkoxy, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, or heteroaryl, which methanoyl (—COH), carboxy (—CO2H), C1-C7 alkyl, C2-C7 alkenyl, C2-C7 alkynyl, C5-C6 alkoxy, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, or heteroaryl can optionally be substituted with one or more of halogen, hydroxy, methanoyl (—COH), carboxy (—CO2H), nitro (—NO2), —NH2, —N(CH3)2, cyano (—CN), ethynyl (—CCH), propynyl, sulfo (—SO3H), heterocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, pyrrolyl, piperidyl, piperazinyl, morpholinyl, —CO-morpholin-4-yl, —CONH2, —CON(CH3)2, C1-C3 alkyl, C1-C3 perfluoronated alkyl, or C1-C3 alkoxy, and (b) R7 is not
In certain embodiments, one or more of compounds I-1, I-2, I-3, I-4, I-5, I-6, I-7, I-8, I-9, I-10, I-11, I-12, I-13, I-14, I-15, I-16, I-17, I-18, or I-19 are not included in Formula (I). In still other embodiments, compounds I-1, I-2, I-3, I-4, I-5, I-6, I-7, I-8, I-9, I-10, I-11, I-12, I-13, I-14, I-15, I-16, I-17, I-18, and I-19 are not included in Formula (I).
Some embodiments of the invention include a composition comprising a compound, as disclosed herein (e.g., Formula (I)). In certain embodiments, the amount of the compound is from about 0.0001% (by weight total composition) to about 99%. In other embodiments, the composition further comprises a formulary ingredient, an adjuvant, or a carrier.
Some embodiments of the invention include a pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound, as disclosed herein (e.g., Formula (I)). In certain embodiments, the amount of the compound is from about 0.0001% (by weight total composition) to about 50%. In other embodiments, the pharmaceutical composition further comprises a formulary ingredient, an adjuvant, or a carrier.
Some embodiments of the invention include a method for providing an animal with a compound comprising one or more administrations of one or more compositions comprising a compound as disclosed here (e.g., Formula (I)), where the compositions may be the same or different if there is more than one administration. In other embodiments, at least one of the one or more compositions further comprises a formulary ingredient. In certain embodiments, at least one of the one or more compositions comprises any composition disclosed herein or any pharmaceutical composition disclosed herein. In still other embodiments, at least one of the one or more administrations comprises parenteral administration, a mucosal administration, intravenous administration, subcutaneous administration, topical administration, intradermal administration, oral administration, sublingual administration, intranasal administration, or intramuscular administration. In some embodiments, if there is more than one administration at least one composition used for at least one administration is different from the composition of at least one other administration. In other embodiments, the compound of at least one of the one or more compositions is administered to the animal in an amount of from about 0.01 mg/kg animal body weight to about 15 mg/kg animal body weight. In certain embodiments, the animal is a human, a rodent, or a primate.
Some embodiments, of the invention include a method for treating an animal for a disease, comprising one or more administrations of one or more compositions comprising any compound disclosed herein (e.g., Formula (I)), wherein the compositions may be the same or different if there is more than one administration. In some instances, at least one of the one or more compositions further comprises a formulary ingredient. In other embodiments, at least one of the one or more compositions comprises any composition disclosed herein or any pharmaceutical composition disclosed herein. In certain embodiments, at least one of the one or more administrations comprises parenteral administration, a mucosal administration, intravenous administration, subcutaneous administration, topical administration, intradermal administration, oral administration, sublingual administration, intranasal administration, or intramuscular administration. In other embodiments, if there is more than one administration at least one composition used for at least one administration is different from the composition of at least one other administration. In still other embodiments, the compound of at least one of the one or more compositions is administered to the animal in an amount of from about 0.005 mg/kg animal body weight to about 50 mg/kg animal body weight. In yet other embodiments, the animal is a human, a rodent, or a primate. In certain embodiments, the animal is in need of the treatment. In some embodiments, the method is for treating a head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), a blood disorder, MDS, cancer, or AML. In other embodiments, the method is for treating acute myeloid leukemia, lymphoma, leukemia, bone marrow cancer, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, or Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia. In yet other embodiments, the method is for treating MDS, MDS with a splicing factor mutation, MDS with a mutation in isocitrate dehydrogenase 1, or MDS with a mutation in isocitrate dehydrogenase 2. In certain embodiments, the animal is susceptible to AML or MDS. In other embodiments, the method prevents or ameliorates future AML or MDS. In some embodiments, the method occurs after one or more of having a blood disorder, having myelodysplastic syndrome, having myeloproliferative disease, an occurrence of chemical exposure, an exposure to ionizing radiation, or a treatment for cancer.
Some embodiments of the invention include a method for preparing any compound disclosed herein (e.g., Formula (I)) comprising,
(a) reacting a compound of Formula (II) with a compound of Formula (III) to result in a mixture comprising a compound of Formula (IV);
(b) reacting a compound of Formula (IV) with a compound of Formula (V) to result in a mixture comprising a compound of Formula (VI);
(c) optionally reacting a compound of Formula (VI) with a compound of Formula (VII) to result in a mixture comprising a compound of Formula (VIII);
(d) removing one or more protecting groups from a compound of Formula (VI) or from a compound of Formula (VIII); and
(e) recovering Formula (I),
where Formula (II) is
In some embodiments, R1 is an C1-C6 alkoxy and the method further comprises (i) the step of reacting Formula (IV) to convert the C1-C6 alkoxy at R1 to hydroxy and (ii) the step of reacting the product of (i) to convert the hydroxy at R1 to a morpholino-C1-C6-alkoxy; and steps (i) and (ii) occur after step (a) and before step (b). In other embodiments, in step (b), Y is not O. In yet other embodiments, in step (b), Y is O. In some embodiments, during step (d), at least one of the one or more protecting groups removed is -Boc. In still other embodiments, R2 is a halogen and the method further comprises the step of reacting Formula (I) to convert the halogen at R2 to C2-C7 alkynyl, after step (d).
Other embodiments of the invention are also discussed herein.
The following drawings form part of the present specification and are included to further demonstrate certain aspects of the present invention. The invention may be better understood by reference to one or more of these drawings in combination with the description of specific embodiments presented herein.
While embodiments encompassing the general inventive concepts may take diverse forms, various embodiments will be described herein, with the understanding that the present disclosure is to be considered merely exemplary, and the general inventive concepts are not intended to be limited to the disclosed embodiments.
Some embodiments of the invention include inventive compounds (e.g., compounds of Formula (I)). Other embodiments include compositions (e.g., pharmaceutical compositions) comprising the inventive compound. Still other embodiments of the invention include compositions for treating, for example, certain diseases using the inventive compounds. Some embodiments include methods of using the inventive compound (e.g., in compositions or in pharmaceutical compositions) for administering and treating. Further embodiments include methods for making the inventive compound.
As used herein (unless otherwise specified), the term “alkyl” means a monovalent, straight or branched hydrocarbon chain. For example, the terms “C1-C7 alkyl” or “C1-C4 alkyl” refer to straight- or branched-chain saturated hydrocarbon groups having from 1 to 7 (e.g., 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, or 7), or 1 to 4 (e.g., 1, 2, 3, or 4), carbon atoms, respectively. Examples of C1-C7 alkyl groups include, but are not limited to, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, i-propyl, n-butyl, s-butyl, t-butyl, n-pentyl, s-pentyl, n-hexyl, and n-septyl. Examples of C1-C4 alkyl groups include, but are not limited to, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, i-propyl, n-butyl, s-butyl, and t-butyl.
As used herein (unless otherwise specified), the term “alkenyl” means a monovalent, straight or branched hydrocarbon chain that includes one or more (e.g., 1, 2, 3, or 4) double bonds. Examples of alkenyl groups include, but are not limited to, vinyl, allyl, 1-propenyl, 2-propenyl, 1-butenyl, 2-butenyl, 3-butenyl, 1-pentenyl, 2-pentenyl, 3-pentenyl, 4-pentenyl, 1-hexenyl, 2-hexenyl, 3-hexenyl, 4-hexenyl, and 5-hexenyl.
As used herein (unless otherwise specified), the term “alkoxy” means any of the above alkyl groups which is attached to the remainder of the molecule by an oxygen atom (alkyl-O—). Examples of alkoxy groups include, but are not limited to, methoxy (sometimes shown as MeO—), ethoxy, isopropoxy, propoxy, and butyloxy.
As used herein (unless otherwise specified), the term “alkynyl” means a monovalent, straight or branched hydrocarbon chain that includes one or more (e.g., 1, 2, 3, or 4) triple bonds and that also may optionally include one or more (e.g. 1, 2, 3, or 4) double bonds in the chain. Examples of alkynyl groups include, but are not limited to, ethynyl, 1-propynyl, 2-propynyl, 1-butynyl, 2-butynyl, 3-butynyl, 1-pentynyl, 2-pentynyl, 3-pentynyl, 4-pentynyl, 1-hexynyl, 2-hexynyl, 3-hexynyl, 4-hexynyl, and 5-hexynyl.
As used herein (unless otherwise specified), the term “aryl” means a monovalent, monocyclic or bicyclic, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, or 12 member aromatic hydrocarbon group which, when unsubstituted. Examples of aryl groups include, but are not limited to, phenyl, naphthyl, tolyl, and xylyl. For an aryl that is bicyclic, one or both rings can be substituted.
As used herein (unless otherwise specified), the term “cycloalkyl” means a monovalent, monocyclic or bicyclic, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, or 12 membered hydrocarbon group. The rings can be saturated or partially unsaturated. Examples of cycloalkyl groups include, but are not limited to, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, cyclooctyl, and bicycloalkyls (e.g., bicyclooctanes such as [2.2.2]bicyclooctane or [3.3.0]bicyclooctane, bicyclononanes such as [4.3.0]bicyclononane, and bicyclodecanes such as [4.4.0]bicyclodecane (decalin), or spiro compounds). For a monocyclic cycloalkyl, the ring is not aromatic. For a bicyclic cycloalkyl, if one ring is aromatic, then the other is not aromatic. For a bicyclic cycloalkyl, one or both rings can be substituted.
As used herein (unless otherwise specified), the term “halogen” means monovalent Cl, F, Br, or I.
As used herein (unless otherwise specified), the term “heteroaryl” means a monovalent, monocyclic or bicyclic, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, or 12 membered, hydrocarbon group, where 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6 carbon atoms are replaced by a hetero atom independently selected from nitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur atom, and the monocyclic or bicyclic ring system is aromatic. Examples of heteroaryl groups include, but are not limited to, thienyl (or thiophenyl), furyl, indolyl, pyrrolyl, pyridinyl, pyrazinyl, oxazolyl, thiaxolyl, quinolinyl, pyrimidinyl, imidazolyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl, 1H-pyrazol-4-yl, 1-Me-pyrazol-4-yl, pyridin-3-yl, pyridin-4-yl, 3,5-dimethylisoxazolyl, 1H-pyrrol-3-yl, 3,5-di-Me-pyrazolyl, and 1H-pyrazol-4-yl. For a bicyclic heteroaryl, if one ring is aryl, then the other is heteroaryl. For a bicyclic heteroaryl, one or both rings can have one or more hetero atoms. For a bicyclic heteroaryl, one or both rings can be substituted.
As used herein (unless otherwise specified), the term “heterocyclyl” means a monovalent, monocyclic or bicyclic, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, or 12 membered, hydrocarbon, where 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6 carbon atoms are replaced by a hetero atom independently selected from nitrogen atom, oxygen atom, or sulfur atom, and the monocyclic or bicyclic ring system is not aromatic. Examples of heterocyclyl groups include, but are not limited to, tetrahydropyran, pyrolidinyl (e.g., pyrrolidin-1-yl, pyrrolidin-2-yl, pyrrolidin-3-yl, or pyrrolidin-4-yl), piperazinyl (e.g., piperazin-1-yl, piperazin-2-yl, piperazin-3-yl, or piperazin-4-yl), piperidinyl (e.g., piperadin-1-yl, piperadin-2-yl, piperadin-3-yl, or piperadin-4-yl), and morpholinyl (e.g., morpholin-1-yl, morpholin-2-yl, morpholin-3-yl, or morpholin-4-yl,). For a bicyclic heterocyclyl, if one ring is aromatic (e.g., monocyclic aryl or heteroaryl), then the other ring is not aromatic. For a bicyclic heterocyclyl, one or both rings can have one or more hetero atoms. For a bicyclic heterocyclyl, one or both rings can be substituted.
As used herein (unless otherwise specified), the term “hetero atom” means an atom selected from nitrogen atom, oxygen atom, or sulfur atom.
As used herein (unless otherwise specified), the terms “hydroxy” or “hydroxyl” means a monovalent —OH group.
As used herein (unless otherwise specified), the term “substituted” (e.g., as in substituted alkyl) means that one or more hydrogen atoms of a chemical group (with one or more hydrogen atoms) can be replaced by one or more non-hydrogen substituents selected from the specified options. The replacement can occur at one or more positions. The term “optionally substituted” means that one or more hydrogen atoms of a chemical group (with one or more hydrogen atoms) can be, but is not required to be substituted.
Some compounds of the invention can have one or more chiral centers and can exist in and be isolated in optically active and racemic forms, for any of the one or more chiral centers. Some compounds can exhibit polymorphism. The compounds of the present invention (e.g., Formula I) encompass any optically active, racemate, stereoisomer form, polymorphism, or mixtures thereof. If a chiral center does not provide an indication of its configuration (i.e., R or S) in a chemical structure, it should be considered to represent R, S or a racemate.
Synergy of IRAK Inhibitors with Apoptosis Inhibitors
As described herein, IRAK inhibitors have been demonstrated to have synergistic effects when administered in combination with an apoptosis modulator/inhibitor, such as a BCL2 inhibitor. As demonstrated in
Surprisingly, this has been shown to be a synergistic, rather than additive effect. This is evidenced by the Bliss scores (
In
In
Accordingly, the present invention encompasses methods for treating a disease or disorder which is responsive to inhibition of IRAK, comprising administration of a composition comprising an IRAK inhibiting compound.
In some embodiments, the method can further involve administration of an apoptotic modulator. The apoptotic modulator may comprise a BTK and/or a BCL2 inhibitor. BTK and BCL2 inhibitors may be, for example, those known in the art. In some embodiments, the method may comprise the step of administering to the individual an apoptotic modulator. In some embodiments, the apoptotic modulator may comprise a BCL2 inhibitor selected from ABT-263 (Navitoclax), ABT-737, ABT-199 (venetoclax), GDC-0199, GX15-070 (Obatoclax) (all available from Abbott Laboratories), HA14-1, Si, 2-methoxy antimycin A3, gossypol, AT-101, apogossypol, WEHI-539, A-1155463, BXI-61, BXI-72, TW37, MIM1, UMI-77, and the like, and combinations thereof. One skilled in the art would appreciate that there are many known BCL2 inhibitors which can be used in accordance with the present invention. In some embodiments, the BCL2 inhibitor comprises venetoclax.
In some embodiments, the administration step comprises administration of a composition comprising an IRAK inhibiting compound and a BCL2 inhibitor. In some embodiments, the administration step comprises administration of a composition comprising an IRAK inhibiting compound in combination with a composition comprising a BCL2 inhibitor.
In some embodiments, the IRAK inhibiting compound is I-24/1481, or a salt, isomer, derivative or analog thereof, and the BCL2 inhibitor is venetoclax, or a a salt, isomer, derivative or analog thereof. In some embodiments, the IRAK inhibiting compound is selected from I-1, I-2, I-3, I-4, I-5, I-6, I-7, I-8, I-9, I-10, I-11, I-12, I-13, I-14, I-15, I-16, I-17, I-18, I-19, I-20, I-21, I-22, I-23, I-24, I-25, I-26, I-27, I-28, I-29, I-30, I-31, I-32, I-33, I-34, I-35, I-36, I-37, I-38, I-39, I-40, I-41, I-42, I-43, I-44, I-45, I-46, I-47, I-48, I-49, I-50, I-51, I-52, I-53, I-54, I-55, I-56, I-57, I-58, I-59, I-60, I-61, I-62, I-63, I-64, I-65, I-66, I-67, or I-68, or a salt, isomer, derivative or analog thereof, and the BCL2 inhibitor is venetoclax, or a a salt, isomer, derivative or analog thereof.
In some embodiments, the method can further involve administration of an immune modulator. The immune modulator can include, for example, Lenalidomide (Revlamid; Celgene Corporation). In some embodiments, the method can involve administration of an epigenetic modulator. The epigenetic modulator can include, for example, a hypomethylating agent such as azacitidine, decitabine, or a combination thereof.
In addition to their ability to inhibit IRAK, IRAK inhibitors have been demonstrated to have selectivity for multiple kinases. As described herein, the kinase selectivity of compound I-24/1481 (NCGC ID: NCGC00371481, listed in Table 1 below) was measured in two different types of assays.
The Reaction Biology assay is described in Nature Biotechnology, 2011, 29:1039-46 (Anastassiadis et al.), incorporated by reference herein in its entirety. This assay uses the isolated kinase enzyme. This assay is very useful for determining competition of the inhibitor for ATP and/or substrates and for measuring the kinetics of enzyme inhibition. It is also allows for measuring the relative affinity of binding to the isolated enzyme protein, and hence determines selectivity. This assay uses the form of the various enzymes that are easiest to express, which may not necessarily be the form of the enzyme that exist in the cell. (Sometimes the carboxy terminus has been truncated to aid in expression, or, if it is a receptor kinase, the enzyme itself is isolated from the other parts of the receptor that are involved in regulating kinase activity.)
The KiNativ® assay is an in situ kinase profiling assay; details and methodology are available at www <dot> kinativ <dot> com. This assay uses the form of the enzyme that is found in actual cells. The assay is run either in cell lysates or in whole cells, with the drug of interest added either to the cell lysates (i.e. cells that have been popped open) or to the outside of the cell in a whole cell assay prior to making the cell lysates. The whole cell assay is optimal because the drug must pass through the cell membrane to get to the cytoplasm where the kinase resides if the kinase is a cytosolic kinase, as is the case for IRAK, or the location of the kinase domain for the FLT3 receptor kinase domain. In the case of
High potency inhibition was observed in a subset of kinases in the KiNativ assay vs the Reaction Biology assay. The data show a total of 12 kinases that are expressed and active in MV4:11 cells and are being inhibited by compound I-24/1481 below 250 nM, namely ABL, CDK7, GAK, HGK, IRAK1, IRAK4, LYN, MINK, PCTAIRE1, PCTAIRE2, PCTAIRE3 and TNIK. FLT3 is not captured by the KiNativ technology. The KiNativ assay is done in the actual cellular milieu, where the kinase domains are in their more natural states and subject to more native regulatory elements (e.g. other protein domains within the kinase itself that might not be present in the Reaction Biology assay, and which might otherwise obscure access to the active site by our ligand). The KiNativ assay does not measure activity at FLT3 even though those cell lysates do have FLT3 activity; this result is likely due to lack of a substrate for FLT3 that works on the assay platform.
Some embodiments of the invention include compounds of Formula (I):
In other embodiments, R1 can be a monovalent H, halogen (e.g., F, Cl, Br, or I), hydroxy, C1-C7 alkyl (e.g., C1, C2, C3, C4, C5, C6, or C7 alkyl), C2-C7 alkenyl (e.g., C2, C3, C4, C5, C6, or C7 alkenyl), C2-C7 alkynyl (e.g., C2, C3, C4, C5, C6, or C7 alkynyl), or C1-C6 alkoxy (C1, C2, C3, C4, C5, C6, or C7 alkoxy), which C1-C7 alkyl, C2-C7 alkenyl, C2-C7 alkynyl, or C1-C6 alkoxy can optionally be substituted with one or more (e.g., 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6) of halogen (e.g., F, Cl, Br, or I), hydroxy, methanoyl (—COH), carboxy (—CO2H), nitro (—NO2), cyano (—CN), ethynyl (—CCH), sulfo (—SO3H), methyl, ethyl, or morpholinyl. In certain embodiments, R1 can be a monovalent H, halogen (e.g., F, Cl, Br, or I), hydroxy, C1-C7 alkyl (e.g., C1, C2, C3, C4, C5, C6, or C7 alkyl), or C1-C6 alkoxy (C1, C2, C3, C4, C5, C6, or C7 alkoxy), which C1-C7 alkyl or C1-C6 alkoxy can optionally be substituted with one or more (e.g., 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6) of halogen (e.g., F, Cl, Br, or I), hydroxy, methanoyl (—COH), carboxy (—CO2H), nitro (—NO2), cyano (—CN), ethynyl (—CCH), sulfo (—SO3H), methyl, ethyl, or morpholinyl. In some embodiments, R1 is Cl, methyl, 2-(morpholinyl)ethoxy, or —OCH3. In other embodiments, R1 is not H.
In some embodiments, R2 can be monovalent H, halogen (e.g., F, Cl, Br, or I), hydroxy, —CN, methanoyl (—COH), carboxy (—CO2H), C1-C7 alkyl (e.g., C1, C2, C3, C4, C5, C6, or C7 alkyl), C2-C7 alkenyl (e.g., C2, C3, C4, C5, C6, or C7 alkenyl), C2-C7 alkynyl (e.g., C2, C3, C4, C5, C6, or C7 alkynyl), C1-C6 alkoxy (e.g., C1, C2, C3, C4, C5, or C6 alkoxy), cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, or heteroaryl, which methanoyl (—COH), carboxy (—CO2H), C1-C7 alkyl, C2-C7 alkenyl, C2-C7 alkynyl, C2-C6 alkoxy, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, or heteroaryl can optionally be substituted with one or more (e.g., 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6) of halogen (e.g., F, Cl, Br, or I), hydroxy, methanoyl (—COH), carboxy (—CO2H), nitro (—NO2), —NH2, —N(CH3)2, cyano (—CN), ethynyl (—CCH), propynyl, sulfo (—SO3H), heterocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, pyrrolyl, piperidyl, piperazinyl, morpholinyl, —CO-morpholin-4-yl, —CONH2, —CON(CH3)2, C1-C3 alkyl, C1-C3 perfluoronated alkyl, or C1-C3 alkoxy. In other embodiments, R2 can be monovalent H, halogen (e.g., F, Cl, Br, or I), hydroxy, —CN, methanoyl (—COH), carboxy (—CO2H), C1-C7 alkyl (e.g., C1, C2, C3, C4, C5, C6, or C7 alkyl), C1-C6 alkoxy (e.g., C1, C2, C3, C4, C5, or C6 alkoxy), cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, or heteroaryl, which methanoyl (—COH), carboxy (—CO2H), C1-C7 alkyl, C2-C6 alkoxy, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, or heteroaryl can optionally be substituted with one or more (e.g., 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6) of halogen (e.g., F, Cl, Br, or I), hydroxy, methanoyl (—COH), carboxy (—CO2H), nitro (—NO2), —NH2, —N(CH3)2, cyano (—CN), ethynyl (—CCH), propynyl, sulfo (—SO3H), heterocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, pyrrolyl, piperidyl, piperazinyl, morpholinyl, —CO-morpholin-4-yl, —CONH2, —CON(CH3)2, C1-C3 alkyl, C1-C3 perfluoronated alkyl, or C1-C3 alkoxy. In some embodiments, R2 can be —CO-morpholin-4-yl, —CON(CH3)2, Cl, methyl, —CN, ethynyl, —CONH2, —CON(CH3)2, 2-(morpholinyl)ethoxy, ethoxy, methoxy, 1H-pyrazol-4-yl, 1-methyl-pyrazol-4-yl, 1-(morpholin-4-yl)-pyrazol-4-yl, pyridin-3-yl, 2-methoxy-pyridin-5-yl, pyridin-4-yl, 3,5-dimethylisoxazol-4-yl, 1H-pyrrol-3-yl, 3,5-(di-methyl)-pyrazolyl, pyrazol-3-yl, 5-tetrazolyl, 1H-pyrazol-4-yl, 4-ethyl-piperazin-1-yl, perfluorinated methyl, or perfluorinated ethyl. In some embodiments, R2 can be —CO-morpholin-4-yl, —CON(CH3)2, Cl, methyl, —CN, ethynyl, 2-(morpholinyl)ethoxy, ethoxy, or methoxy. In certain embodiments, R2 can be 1H-pyrazol-4-yl, 1-methyl-pyrazol-4-yl, 1-(morpholin-4-yl)-pyrazol-4-yl, pyridin-3-yl, 2-methoxy-pyridin-5-yl, pyridin-4-yl, 3,5-dimethylisoxazol-4-yl, 1H-pyrrol-3-yl, 3,5-(di-methyl)-pyrazolyl, pyrazol-3-yl, 5-tetrazolyl, 1H-pyrazol-4-yl, or 4-ethyl-piperazin-1-yl. In some embodiments, R2 can be perfluorinated methyl or perfluorinated ethyl. In other embodiments, R2 is not H.
In some embodiments, R2 can be isochromanyl (e.g., 3-isochromanyl), chromanyl (e.g., 7-chromanyl), pyrrolidinyl (e.g., 2-pyrrolidinyl), pyrrolinyl (e.g., 2-pyrroline-3-yl), imidazolidinyl (e.g., 2-imidazolidinyl), imidazolinyl (e.g., 2-imidazolin-4-yl), pyrazolidinyl (e.g., 2-pyrazolidinyl), pyrazolinyl (e.g., 3-pyrazoline-2-yl), piperidyl (e.g., 2-piperidyl), piperazinyl (e.g., 1-piperazinyl), indolinyl (e.g., 1-indolinyl), isoindolinyl (e.g., 1-isoindolinyl), quinuclidinyl (e.g., 2-quinuclidinyl), or morpholinyl (e.g., 3-morpholinyl), where each can be optionally substituted as described for R2 (e.g., optionally substituted with one or more (e.g., 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6) of halogen (e.g., F, Cl, Br, or I), hydroxy, methanoyl (—COH), carboxy (—CO2H), nitro (—NO2), —NH2, —N(CH3)2, cyano (—CN), ethynyl (—CCH), propynyl, sulfo (—SO3H), heterocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, pyrrolyl, piperidyl, piperazinyl, morpholinyl, —CO-morpholin-4-yl, —CONH2, —CON(CH3)2, C1-C3 alkyl, C1-C3 perfluoronated alkyl, or C1-C3 alkoxy). In other embodiments, R2 can be thienyl (e.g., 2-thienyl), thianthrenyl (e.g., 2-thianthrenyl), furyl (e.g., 3-furyl), pyranyl (e.g., 2H-pyran-3-yl), isobenzofuranyl (e.g., 1-isobenzofuranyl), chromenyl (e.g., 2H-chromen-3-yl), xanthenyl (e.g., 2-xanthenyl), phenoxathiinyl (e.g., 2-phenoxathiinyl), 2H-pyrrolyl (e.g., 2H-pyrrol-3-yl), pyrrolyl (e.g., 3-pyrrolyl), imidazolyl (e.g., 2-imidazolyl), pyrazolyl (e.g., 1-pyrazolyl), isothiazolyl (e.g., 3-isothiazolyl), isoxazolyl (e.g., 3-isoxazolyl), pyridyl (e.g., 3-pyridyl), pyrazinyl, pyrimidinyl (e.g., 2-pyrimidinyl), pyridazinyl (e.g., 3-pyridazinyl), indolizinyl (e.g., 2-indolizinyl), isoindolyl (e.g., 2-isoindolyl), 3H-indolyl (e.g., 3H-indol-2-yl), indolyl (e.g., 1-indolyl), indazolyl (e.g., 1H-indazol-3-yl), purinyl (e.g., 8-purinyl), 4H-quinolizinyl (e.g., 4H-quinolizin-2-yl), isoquinolyl (e.g., 3-isoquinolyl), quinolyl (e.g., 2-quinolyl), phthalazinyl (e.g., 1-phthalazinyl), naphthyridinyl (e.g., 1,8-naphthyridin-2-yl), quinoxalinyl (e.g., 2-quinoxalinyl), quinazolinyl (2-quinazolinyl), cinnolinyl (e.g., 3-cinnolinyl), pteridinyl (e.g., 2-pteridinyl), 4aH-carbazolyl (e.g., 4aH-Carbazol-2-yl), carbazolyl (e.g., 2-carbazolyl), carbolinyl (e.g., carbolin-3-yl), phenanthridinyl (e.g., 3-phenanthridinyl), acridinyl (2-acridinyl), perimidinyl (e.g., 2-perimidinyl), phenanthrolinyl (e.g., 1,7-phenanthrolin-3-yl), phenazinyl (1-phenazinyl), phenarsazinyl (e.g., 2-phenarsazinyl), phenothiazinyl (2-phenothiazinyl), furazanyl (e.g., 3-furazanyl), or phenoxazinyl (e.g., 2-phenoxazinyl), where each can be optionally substituted as described for R2 (e.g., optionally substituted with one or more (e.g., 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6) of halogen (e.g., F, Cl, Br, or I), hydroxy, methanoyl (—COH), carboxy (—CO2H), nitro (—NO2), —NH2, —N(CH3)2, cyano (—CN), ethynyl (—CCH), propynyl, sulfo (—SO3H), heterocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, pyrrolyl, piperidyl, piperazinyl, morpholinyl, —CO-morpholin-4-yl, —CONH2, —CON(CH3)2, C1-C3 alkyl, C1-C3 perfluoronated alkyl, or C1-C3 alkoxy).
In some embodiments, R3 can be monovalent H, halogen (e.g., F, Cl, Br, or I), hydroxy, C1-C3 alkyl (e.g., C1, C2, or C3 alkyl), C2-C3 alkenyl (e.g., C2 or C3 alkenyl), C2-C3 alkynyl (e.g., C2 or C3 alkynyl), or C1-C2 alkoxy (e.g., C1 or C2 alkoxy), which C1-C3 alkyl, C2-C3 alkenyl, C2-C3 alkynyl, or C1-C2 alkoxy can optionally be substituted with one or more (e.g., 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6) of halogen (e.g., F, Cl, Br, or I), hydroxy, methanoyl (—COH), carboxy (—CO2H), cyano (—CN), ethynyl (—CCH), sulfo (—SO3H), methyl, or ethyl. In other embodiments, R3 can be monovalent H, halogen (e.g., F, Cl, Br, or I), hydroxy, C1-C3 alkyl (e.g., C1, C2, or C3 alkyl), or C1-C2 alkoxy (e.g., C1 or C2 alkoxy), which C1-C3 alkyl or C1-C2 alkoxy can optionally be substituted with one or more (e.g., 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6) of halogen (e.g., F, Cl, Br, or I), hydroxy, methanoyl (—COH), carboxy (—CO2H), cyano (—CN), ethynyl (—CCH), sulfo (—SO3H), methyl, or ethyl. In some embodiments, R3 can be perfluorinated methyl or perfluorinated ethyl. In some embodiments, R3 can be H, methoxy, which methoxy is optional substituted with one, two, or three halogen (e.g., Cl, F, Br, or I). In some embodiments, R3 can be H or methoxy.
In some embodiments, R4 can be monovalent H, halogen (e.g., F, Cl, Br, or I), hydroxy, methanoyl (—COH), carboxy (—CO2H), nitro (—NO2), cyano (—CN), sulfo (—SO3H), C1-C4 alkyl (e.g., C1, C2, C3, or C4 alkyl), C2-C4 alkenyl (e.g., C2, C3, or C4 alkenyl), C2-C4 alkynyl (e.g., C2, C3, or C4 alkynyl), or C1-C3 alkoxy (e.g., C1, C2, or C3 alkoxy), which C1-C4 alkyl, C2-C4 alkenyl, C2-C4 alkynyl, or C1-C3 alkoxy can optionally be substituted with one or more (e.g., 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6) of halogen (e.g., F, Cl, Br, or I), hydroxy, methanoyl (—COH), carboxy (—CO2H), nitro (—NO2), cyano (—CN), ethynyl (—CCH), sulfo (—SO3H), methyl, or ethyl. In other embodiments, R4 can be monovalent H, halogen (e.g., F, Cl, Br, or I), hydroxy, methanoyl (—COH), carboxy (—CO2H), nitro (—NO2), cyano (—CN), sulfo (—SO3H), C1-C4 alkyl (e.g., C1, C2, C3, or C4 alkyl), or C1-C3 alkoxy (e.g., C1, C2, or C3 alkoxy), which C1-C4 alkyl or C1-C3 alkoxy can optionally be substituted with one or more (e.g., 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6) of halogen (e.g., F, Cl, Br, or I), hydroxy, methanoyl (—COH), carboxy (—CO2H), nitro (—NO2), cyano (—CN), ethynyl (—CCH), sulfo (—SO3H), methyl, or ethyl. In some embodiments, R4 can be F, Cl, Br, methyl, perfluorinated methyl, or methoxy.
In some embodiments, R5 can be monovalent H, halogen (e.g., F, Cl, Br, or I), hydroxy, methanoyl (—COH), carboxy (—CO2H), nitro (—NO2), cyano (—CN), sulfo (—SO3H), C1-C4 alkyl (e.g., C1, C2, C3, or C4 alkyl), C2-C4 alkenyl (e.g., C2, C3, or C4 alkenyl), C2-C4 alkynyl (e.g., C2, C3, or C4 alkynyl), or C1-C3 alkoxy (e.g., C1, C2, or C3 alkoxy), which C1-C4 alkyl, C2-C4 alkenyl, C2-C4 alkynyl, or C1-C3 alkoxy can optionally be substituted with one or more (e.g., 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6) of halogen (e.g., F, Cl, Br, or I), hydroxy, methanoyl (—COH), carboxy (—CO2H), nitro (—NO2), cyano (—CN), ethynyl (—CCH), sulfo (—SO3H), methyl, or ethyl. In other embodiments, R5 can be monovalent H, halogen (e.g., F, Cl, Br, or I), hydroxy, methanoyl (—COH), carboxy (—CO2H), nitro (—NO2), cyano (—CN), sulfo (—SO3H), C1-C4 alkyl (e.g., C1, C2, C3, or C4 alkyl), or C1-C3 alkoxy (e.g., C1, C2, or C3 alkoxy), which C1-C4 alkyl or C1-C3 alkoxy can optionally be substituted with one or more (e.g., 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6) of halogen (e.g., F, Cl, Br, or I), hydroxy, methanoyl (—COH), carboxy (—CO2H), nitro (—NO2), cyano (—CN), ethynyl (—CCH), sulfo (—SO3H), methyl, or ethyl. In some embodiments, R5 can be F, Cl, Br, methyl, ethyl, or methoxy. In some embodiments, R5 is not F, Cl, Br, or perfluorinated methyl, or is not substituted with halogen (e.g., F, Cl, Br, or I), hydroxy, methanoyl (—COH), carboxy (—CO2H), nitro (—NO2), cyano (—CN), ethynyl (—CCH), or sulfo (—SO3H).
In some embodiments, R6 can be monovalent H, halogen (e.g., F, Cl, Br, or I), hydroxy, methanoyl (—COH), carboxy (—CO2H), nitro (—NO2), cyano (—CN), sulfo (—SO3H), C1-C4 alkyl (e.g., C1, C2, C3, or C4 alkyl), C2-C4 alkenyl (e.g., C2, C3, or C4 alkenyl), C2-C4 alkynyl (e.g., C2, C3, or C4 alkynyl), or C1-C3 alkoxy (e.g., Cl, C2, or C3 alkoxy), which C1-C4 alkyl, C2-C4 alkenyl, C2-C4 alkynyl, or C1-C3 alkoxy can optionally be substituted with one or more (e.g., 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6) of halogen (e.g., F, Cl, Br, or I), hydroxy, methanoyl (—COH), carboxy (—CO2H), nitro (—NO2), cyano (—CN), ethynyl (—CCH), sulfo (—SO3H), methyl, or ethyl. In other embodiments, R6 can be monovalent H, halogen (e.g., F, Cl, Br, or I), hydroxy, methanoyl (—COH), carboxy (—CO2H), nitro (—NO2), cyano (—CN), sulfo (—SO3H), C1-C4 alkyl (e.g., C1, C2, C3, or C4 alkyl), or C1-C3 alkoxy (e.g., C1, C2, or C3 alkoxy), which C1-C4 alkyl or C1-C3 alkoxy can optionally be substituted with one or more (e.g., 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6) of halogen (e.g., F, Cl, Br, or I), hydroxy, methanoyl (—COH), carboxy (—CO2H), nitro (—NO2), cyano (—CN), ethynyl (—CCH), sulfo (—SO3H), methyl, or ethyl. In some embodiments, R6 can be F, Cl, Br, methyl, perfluorinated methyl, or methoxy.
In certain embodiments, Y can be a bivalent
In some embodiments, Y can be
In other embodiments, Y can be
In other embodiments, Y can be
The wavy bond from Y to R7 (i.e., ) indicates that, in some instances, there is a chiral center at the R7 attachment carbon. In some embodiments, where there is a chiral center at the R7 attachment carbon, the wavy bond can indicate an R chiral center, an S chiral center, or a racemate (e.g., compounds I-43, I-44, and I-54). In certain embodiments,
can be
,
,
,
or
.
In some embodiments, R7 can be,
In other embodiments R7 can be piperid-2-yl, piperid-3-yl, piperid-4-yl, pyrrolidin-2-yl, pyrrolidin-3-yl, or azetidyl. In some embodiments, R8 can be H, C1-C4 alkyl (e.g., C1, C2, C3, or C4 alkyl), C2-C4 alkenyl (e.g., C2, C3, or C4 alkenyl), C2-C4 alkynyl (e.g., C2, C3, or C4 alkynyl), methanoyl (—COH), ethanoyl (—COCH3), benzoyl (—COC6H5), toluoyl, carboxy (—CO2H), nitro (—NO2), cyano (—CN), or —COCH2CN. In some embodiments, R8 can be H, ethanoyl (—COCH3), benzoyl (—COC6H5), ethynyl (—CCH), or —COCH2CN.
In certain embodiments, n can be 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5. In some embodiments, n can be 1, 2, or 3. In other embodiments, m can be 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5. In some embodiments, m can be 1, 2, or 3. In some instances, n+m can be at least 1.
In some embodiments, the compounds of Formula (I) can be those specified in Table 1.
In some embodiments, one or more of compounds I-1, I-2, I-3, I-4, I-5, I-6, I-7, I-8, I-9, I-10, I-11, I-12, I-13, I-14, I-15, I-16, I-17, I-18, or I-19 are excluded from the compounds of the invention. In other embodiments, all of compounds I-1, I-2, I-3, I-4, I-5, I-6, I-7, I-8, I-9, I-10, I-11, I-12, I-13, I-14, I-15, I-16, I-17, I-18, and I-19 are excluded from the compounds of the invention. In certain embodiments, compounds I-2 and I-15 are excluded from the compounds of the invention.
In some embodiments, the compounds of the invention include one or more of I-2, I-15, I-20, I-22, I-24, I-26, I-27, I-42, I-53, and I-54. In some embodiments, the compounds of the invention include one or more of I-2, I-15, I-20, I-22, I-24, I-26, I-27, I-42, I-43, I-44, I-53, and I-54. In some embodiments, the compounds of the invention include one or more of I-20, I-22, I-24, I-26, I-27, I-42, I-53, and I-54. In some embodiments, the compounds of the invention include one or more of I-20, I-22, I-24, I-26, I-27, I-42, I-43, I-44, I-53, and I-54. In other embodiments, the compounds of the invention include one or more of I-1, I-2, I-3, I-4, I-5, I-6, I-7, I-8, I-9, I-10, I-11, I-12, I-13, I-14, I-15, I-16, I-17, I-18, I-19, I-20, I-21, I-22, I-23, I-24, I-25, I-26, I-27, I-28, I-29, I-30, I-31, I-32, I-33, I-34, I-35, I-36, I-37, I-38, I-39, I-40, I-41, I-42, I-43, I-44, I-45, I-46, I-47, I-48, I-49, I-50, I-51, I-52, I-53, I-54, I-55, I-56, I-57, I-58, I-59, I-60, I-61, I-62, I-63, I-64, I-65, I-66, I-67, and I-68. In other embodiments, the compounds of the invention include one or more of I-20, I-21, I-22, I-23, I-24, I-25, I-26, I-27, I-28, I-29, I-30, I-31, I-32, I-33, I-34, I-35, I-36, I-37, I-38, I-39, I-40, I-41, I-42, I-43, I-44, I-45, I-46, I-47, I-48, I-49, I-50, I-51, I-52, I-53, I-54, I-55, I-56, I-57, I-58, I-59, I-60, I-61, I-62, I-63, I-64, I-65, I-66, I-67, and I-68.
In some embodiments, if Y is —NH—; R1 is H; R3 is H; R4 is H; R5 is H; R6 is H; and R8 is H, then
In some embodiments, if Y is —NH—; R1 is H; R3 is H; R4 is H; R5 is H; R6 is H; and R8 is H, then
In some embodiments, if Y is —NH—; R1 is H; R3 is H; R4 is H; R5 is H; R6 is H; and R8 is H, then
In some embodiments, if Y is —NH—; R1 is H; R3 is H; R4 is H; R5 is H; R6 is H; and R8 is H, then
In some embodiments, the compounds of Formula (I) can be in the form of salts, optical and geometric isomers, and salts of isomers. In other embodiments, the compounds can be in various forms, such as uncharged molecules, components of molecular complexes, or non-irritating pharmacologically acceptable salts, including but not limited to hydrochloride, hydrobromide, sulphate, phosphate, nitrate, borate, acetate, maleate, tartrate, and salicylate. In some instances, for acidic compounds, salts can include metals, amines, or organic cations (e.g. quaternary ammonium). In yet other embodiments, simple derivatives of the compounds (e.g., ethers, esters, or amides) which have desirable retention and release characteristics but which are easily hydrolyzed by body pH, enzymes, or other suitable means, can be employed.
In some embodiments, the compounds of the invention having a chiral center and can exist in and be isolated in optically active and racemic forms. In other embodiments, compounds may exhibit polymorphism. Some embodiments of the present invention encompass any racemic, optically active, polymorphic, or stereoisomeric form, or mixtures thereof, of a compound described herein. The preparation of optically active forms can be accomplished by any suitable method, including but not limited to, resolution of the racemic form by recrystallization techniques, synthesis from optically-active starting materials, chiral synthesis, or chromatographic separation using a chiral stationary phase.
In some embodiments, the compounds of the invention can inhibit the activity of one or more of FLT3 (FMS-Like Tyrosine kinase 3), mutations of FLT3 (e.g., mutations in the juxamembranal region of FLT3, mutations in the kinase domain of FLT3, FLT3 point mutations, FLT3 internal tandem duplication mutations, the FLT3-ITD mutation, the D835Y FLT3 mutation, the D835V FLT3 mutation, the F691L FLT3 mutation, or the R834Q FLT3 mutation), IRAK4 (Interleukin-1 Receptor Associated Kinase 4), mutations of IRAK4, IRAK1 (Interleukin-1 Receptor Associated Kinase 1), or mutations of IRAK1. In some embodiments, the compounds of the invention can inhibit the activity of one or both of FLT3 and mutations of FLT3 (e.g., mutations in the juxamembranal region of FLT3, mutations in the kinase domain of FLT3, FLT3 point mutations, FLT3 internal tandem duplication mutations, the FLT3-ITD mutation, the D835Y FLT3 mutation, the D835V FLT3 mutation, the F691L FLT3 mutation, or the R834Q FLT3 mutation) and optionally inhibits one or more of IRAK4, mutations of IRAK4, IRAK1, or mutations of IRAK1. In some embodiments, the compounds of the invention can inhibit the activity of one or both of FLT3 and mutations of FLT3 (e.g., mutations in the juxamembranal region of FLT3, mutations in the kinase domain of FLT3, FLT3 point mutations, FLT3 internal tandem duplication mutations, the FLT3-ITD mutation, the D835Y FLT3 mutation, the D835V FLT3 mutation, the F691L FLT3 mutation, or the R834Q FLT3 mutation) and optionally inhibits one or both of IRAK4 and IRAK1.
In certain embodiments, one or more compounds of the invention (e.g., Formula (I)) can be part of a composition and can be in an amount (by weight of the total composition) of at least about 0.0001%, at least about 0.001%, at least about 0.10%, at least about 0.15%, at least about 0.20%, at least about 0.25%, at least about 0.50%, at least about 0.75%, at least about 1%, at least about 10%, at least about 25%, at least about 50%, at least about 75%, at least about 90%, at least about 95%, at least about 99%, at least about 99.99%, no more than about 75%, no more than about 90%, no more than about 95%, no more than about 99%, or no more than about 99.99%, from about 0.0001% to about 99%, from about 0.0001% to about 50%, from about 0.01% to about 95%, from about 1% to about 95%, from about 10% to about 90%, or from about 25% to about 75%.
In some embodiments, one or more compounds of the invention (e.g., Formula (I)) can be purified or isolated in an amount (by weight of the total composition) of at least about 0.0001%, at least about 0.001%, at least about 0.10%, at least about 0.15%, at least about 0.20%, at least about 0.25%, at least about 0.50%, at least about 0.75%, at least about 1%, at least about 10%, at least about 25%, at least about 50%, at least about 75%, at least about 90%, at least about 95%, at least about 99%, at least about 99.99%, no more than about 75%, no more than about 90%, no more than about 95%, no more than about 99%, no more than about 99.99%, from about 0.0001% to about 99%, from about 0.0001% to about 50%, from about 0.01% to about 95%, from about 1% to about 95%, from about 10% to about 90%, or from about 25% to about 75%.
Some embodiments of the present invention include compositions comprising one or more compounds of the invention (e.g., Formula (I)). In certain embodiments, the composition is a pharmaceutical composition, such as compositions that are suitable for administration to animals (e.g., mammals, primates, monkeys, humans, canine, feline, porcine, mice, rabbits, or rats). In some instances, the pharmaceutical composition is non-toxic, does not cause side effects, or both. In some embodiments, there may be inherent side effects (e.g., it may harm the patient or may be toxic or harmful to some degree in some patients).
“Therapeutically effective amount” means an amount effective to achieve a desired and/or beneficial effect. An effective amount can be administered in one or more administrations. For some purposes of this invention, a therapeutically effective amount is an amount appropriate to treat an indication. By treating an indication is meant achieving any desirable effect, such as one or more of palliate, ameliorate, stabilize, reverse, slow, or delay disease progression, increase the quality of life, or to prolong life. Such achievement can be measured by any suitable method, such as measurement of tumor size or blood cell count.
In some embodiments, one or more compounds of the invention (e.g., Formula (I)) can be part of a pharmaceutical composition and can be in an amount of at least about 0.0001%, at least about 0.001%, at least about 0.10%, at least about 0.15%, at least about 0.20%, at least about 0.25%, at least about 0.50%, at least about 0.75%, at least about 1%, at least about 10%, at least about 25%, at least about 50%, at least about 75%, at least about 90%, at least about 95%, at least about 99%, at least about 99.99%, no more than about 75%, no more than about 90%, no more than about 95%, no more than about 99%, no more than about 99.99%, from about 0.001% to about 99%, from about 0.001% to about 50%, from about 0.1% to about 99%, from about 1% to about 95%, from about 10% to about 90%, or from about 25% to about 75%. In some embodiments, the pharmaceutical composition can be presented in a dosage form which is suitable for the topical, subcutaneous, intrathecal, intraperitoneal, oral, parenteral, rectal, cutaneous, nasal, vaginal, or ocular administration route. In other embodiments, the pharmaceutical composition can be presented in a dosage form which is suitable for parenteral administration, a mucosal administration, intravenous administration, subcutaneous administration, topical administration, intradermal administration, oral administration, sublingual administration, intranasal administration, or intramuscular administration. The pharmaceutical composition can be in the form of, for example, tablets, capsules, pills, powders granulates, suspensions, emulsions, solutions, gels (including hydrogels), pastes, ointments, creams, plasters, drenches, delivery devices, suppositories, enemas, injectables, implants, sprays, aerosols or other suitable forms.
In some embodiments, the pharmaceutical composition can include one or more formulary ingredients. A “formulary ingredient” can be any suitable ingredient (e.g., suitable for the drug(s), for the dosage of the drug(s), for the timing of release of the drugs(s), for the disease, for the disease state, or for the delivery route) including, but not limited to, water (e.g., boiled water, distilled water, filtered water, pyrogen-free water, or water with chloroform), sugar (e.g., sucrose, glucose, mannitol, sorbitol, xylitol, or syrups made therefrom), ethanol, glycerol, glycols (e.g., propylene glycol), acetone, ethers, DMSO, surfactants (e.g., anionic surfactants, cationic surfactants, zwitterionic surfactants, or nonionic surfactants (e.g., polysorbates)), oils (e.g., animal oils, plant oils (e.g., coconut oil or arachis oil), or mineral oils), oil derivatives (e.g., ethyl oleate, glyceryl monostearate, or hydrogenated glycerides), excipients, preservatives (e.g., cysteine, methionine, antioxidants (e.g., vitamins (e.g., A, E, or C), selenium, retinyl palmitate, sodium citrate, citric acid, chloroform, or parabens, (e.g., methyl paraben or propyl paraben)), or combinations thereof.
In certain embodiments, pharmaceutical compositions can be formulated to release the active ingredient (e.g., one or more compounds of the invention such as Formula (I)) substantially immediately upon the administration or any substantially predetermined time or time after administration. Such formulations can include, for example, controlled release formulations such as various controlled release compositions and coatings.
Other formulations (e.g., formulations of a pharmaceutical composition) can, in certain embodiments, include those incorporating the drug (or control release formulation) into food, food stuffs, feed, or drink.
Other embodiments of the invention can include methods of administering or treating an organism, which can involve treatment with an amount of at least one compound of the invention (e.g., Formula (I)) that is effective to treat the disease, condition, or disorder that the organism has, or is suspected of having, or is susceptible to, or to bring about a desired physiological effect. In some embodiments, the composition or pharmaceutical composition comprises at least one compound of the invention (e.g., Formula (I)) which can be administered to an animal (e.g., mammals, primates, monkeys, or humans) in an amount of about 0.005 to about 50 mg/kg body weight, about 0.01 to about 15 mg/kg body weight, about 0.1 to about 10 mg/kg body weight, about 0.5 to about 7 mg/kg body weight, about 0.005 mg/kg, about 0.01 mg/kg, about 0.05 mg/kg, about 0.1 mg/kg, about 0.5 mg/kg, about 1 mg/kg, about 3 mg/kg, about 5 mg/kg, about 5.5 mg/kg, about 6 mg/kg, about 6.5 mg/kg, about 7 mg/kg, about 7.5 mg/kg, about 8 mg/kg, about 10 mg/kg, about 12 mg/kg, or about 15 mg/kg. In regard to some conditions, the dosage can be about 0.5 mg/kg human body weight or about 6.5 mg/kg human body weight. In some instances, some animals (e.g., mammals, mice, rabbits, feline, porcine, or canine) can be administered a dosage of about 0.005 to about 50 mg/kg body weight, about 0.01 to about 15 mg/kg body weight, about 0.1 to about 10 mg/kg body weight, about 0.5 to about 7 mg/kg body weight, about 0.005 mg/kg, about 0.01 mg/kg, about 0.05 mg/kg, about 0.1 mg/kg, about 1 mg/kg, about 5 mg/kg, about 10 mg/kg, about 20 mg/kg, about 30 mg/kg, about 40 mg/kg, about 50 mg/kg, about 80 mg/kg, about 100 mg/kg, or about 150 mg/kg. Of course, those skilled in the art will appreciate that it is possible to employ many concentrations in the methods of the present invention, and using, in part, the guidance provided herein, will be able to adjust and test any number of concentrations in order to find one that achieves the desired result in a given circumstance. In other embodiments, the compounds of the invention (e.g., Formula (I)) can be administered in combination with one or more other therapeutic agents for a given disease, condition, or disorder.
In some embodiments, the compositions can include a unit dose of one or more compounds of the invention (e.g., Formula (I)) in combination with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier and, in addition, can include other medicinal agents, pharmaceutical agents, carriers, adjuvants, diluents, and excipients. In certain embodiments, the carrier, vehicle or excipient can facilitate administration, delivery and/or improve preservation of the composition. In other embodiments, the one or more carriers, include but are not limited to, saline solutions such as normal saline, Ringer's solution, PBS (phosphate-buffered saline), and generally mixtures of various salts including potassium and phosphate salts with or without sugar additives such as glucose. Carriers can include aqueous and non-aqueous sterile injection solutions that can contain antioxidants, buffers, bacteriostats, bactericidal antibiotics, and solutes that render the formulation isotonic with the bodily fluids of the intended recipient; and aqueous and non-aqueous sterile suspensions, which can include suspending agents and thickening agents. In other embodiments, the one or more excipients can include, but are not limited to water, saline, dextrose, glycerol, ethanol, or the like, and combinations thereof. Nontoxic auxiliary substances, such as wetting agents, buffers, or emulsifiers may also be added to the composition. Oral formulations can include such normally employed excipients as, for example, pharmaceutical grades of mannitol, lactose, starch, magnesium stearate, sodium saccharine, cellulose, and magnesium carbonate.
Administration Routes and Treatments of Disease
The compounds of the invention (e.g., Formula (I)) can be administered to animals by any number of suitable administration routes or formulations. The compounds of the invention (e.g., Formula (I)) of the invention can also be used to treat animals for a variety of diseases. Animals include but are not limited to mammals, primates, monkeys (e.g., macaque, rhesus macaque, or pig tail macaque), humans, canine, feline, bovine, porcine, avian (e.g., chicken), mice, rabbits, and rats. As used herein, the term “subject” refers to both human and animal subjects.
The route of administration of the compounds of the invention (e.g., Formula (I)) can be of any suitable route. Administration routes can be, but are not limited to the oral route, the parenteral route, the cutaneous route, the nasal route, the rectal route, the vaginal route, and the ocular route. In other embodiments, administration routes can be parenteral administration, a mucosal administration, intravenous administration, subcutaneous administration, topical administration, intradermal administration, oral administration, sublingual administration, intranasal administration, or intramuscular administration. The choice of administration route can depend on the compound identity (e.g., the physical and chemical properties of the compound) as well as the age and weight of the animal, the particular disease (e.g., HNSCC, cancer, MDS, and the like), and the severity of the disease (e.g., stage or severity of HNSCC, cancer, or MDS, and the like). Of course, combinations of administration routes can be administered, as desired.
Some embodiments of the invention include a method for providing a subject with a composition comprising one or more compounds of the invention (e.g., Formula (I)) described herein (e.g., a pharmaceutical composition) which comprises one or more administrations of one or more such compositions; the compositions may be the same or different if there is more than one administration.
Diseases that can be treated in an animal (e.g., mammals, porcine, canine, avian (e.g., chicken), bovine, feline, primates, rodents, monkeys, rabbits, mice, rats, and humans) using a compound of the invention (e.g., Formula (I)) include, but are not limited to head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), cancers, blood disorders (e.g., disorders of hematopoietic stem cells in the bone marrow or disorders related to myeloid lineage), myelodysplastic syndromes (“MDS”), myeloproliferative disease, and diseases (e.g., cancers) related to mutations in FLT3 (e.g., mutations in the juxamembranal region of FLT3, mutations in the kinase domain of FLT3, FLT3 point mutations, FLT3 internal tandem duplication mutations, the FLT3-ITD mutation, the D835Y FLT3 mutation, the D835V FLT3 mutation, the F691L FLT3 mutation, or the R834Q FLT3 mutation).
In certain embodiments, MDS that can be treated in an animal (e.g., mammals, porcine, canine, avian (e.g., chicken), bovine, feline, primates, rodents, monkeys, rabbits, mice, rats, and humans) using a compound of the invention (e.g., Formula (I)) include but are not limited to MDS with a splicing factor mutation, MDS with a mutation in isocitrate dehydrogenase 1, MDS with a mutation in isocitrate dehydrogenase 2, refractory cytopenia with unilineage dysplasia (e.g., refractory anemia, refractory neutropenia, and refractory thrombocytopenia), refractory anemia with ring sideroblasts, refractory cytopenia with multilineage dysplasia (e.g., refractory cytopenia with multilineage dysplasia and ring sideroblasts and animals with pathological changes not restricted to red cells such as prominent white cell precursor and platelet precursor (megakaryocyte) dysplasia), refractory anemias with excess blasts I and II, 5q-syndrome, megakaryocyte dysplasia with fibrosis, and refractory cytopenia of childhood. In some embodiments, MDS that can be treated include, but are not limited to, MDS that is inherited, MDS with an increased risk of occurrence due to an inherited predisposition, MDS with an increased risk of occurrence due to other blood disorders, MDS with an increased risk of occurrence due to chemical exposure, MDS with an increased risk of occurrence due to ionizing radiation, MDS with an increased risk of occurrence due to cancer treatment (e.g., a combination of radiation and the radiomimetic alkylating agents such as busulfan, nitrosourea, or procarbazine (with a latent period of 5 to 7 years) or DNA topoisomerase inhibitors), MDS evolving from acquired aplastic anemia following immunosuppressive treatment and Fanconi's anemia, MDS with an increased risk due to an mutation in splicing factors, MDS with an increased risk due to a mutation in isocitrate dehydrogenase 1, and MDS with an increased risk due to a mutation in isocitrate dehydrogenase 2. Animals that can be treated include but are not limited to mammals, rodents, primates, monkeys (e.g., macaque, rhesus macaque, pig tail macaque), humans, canine, feline, porcine, avian (e.g., chicken), bovine, mice, rabbits, and rats. As used herein, the term “subject” refers to both human and animal subjects. In some instances, the animal is in need of the treatment (e.g., by showing signs of disease or MDS, or by having a low blood cell count).
In some embodiments, MDS that can be treated in an animal (e.g., mammals, porcine, canine, avian (e.g., chicken), bovine, feline, primates, rodents, monkeys, rabbits, mice, rats, and humans) using a compound of the invention (e.g., Formula (I)) include, but are not limited to MDS that can be treated by inhibiting one or more of FLT3 (e.g., using FLT3 inhibitors), mutations of FLT3 (e.g., using inhibitors of FLT3 mutants), IRAK4 (e.g., using IRAK4 inhibitors), mutations of IRAK4 (e.g., using inhibitors of IRAK4 mutants), IRAK1 (e.g., using IRAK 1 inhibitors), or mutations of IRAK1 (e.g., using inhibitors of IRAK1 mutant). In certain embodiments, MDS that can be treated include, but are not limited to MDS that can be treated by inhibiting IRAK4 (or its mutations), MDS that can be treated by inhibiting and IRAK1 (or its mutations), or MDS that can be treated by inhibiting IRAK4 (or its mutations) and IRAK1 (or its mutations).
In some embodiments, cancers that can be treated in an animal (e.g., mammals, porcine, canine, avian (e.g., chicken), bovine, feline, primates, rodents, monkeys, rabbits, mice, rats, and humans) using a compound of the invention (e.g., Formula (I)) include, but are not limited to cancers of the myeloid line of blood cells, cancerous tumors (e.g., chloroma which can be found on any tissue or organ outside the bone marrow, such but not limited to skin, gums, lymph nodes, small intestine, mediastinum, lungs, epidural sites, uterus, ovaries, and the orbits of the eyes), cancers that are inherited, cancers with an increased risk of occurrence due to an inherited predisposition (e.g., Down syndrome), cancers with an increased risk of occurrence due to other blood disorders, cancers with an increased risk of occurrence due to chemical exposure (e.g., anti-cancer therapies or occupational chemical exposure), cancers with an increased risk of occurrence due to ionizing radiation (e.g., anti-cancer therapies), cancers evolving from myelodysplastic syndromes, cancers evolving from myeloproliferative disease, and cancers of the B cells.
In some embodiments, cancers that can be treated include, but are not limited to, acute myeloid leukemia (AML), lymphoma, leukemia, bone marrow cancer, non-Hodgkin lymphoma (e.g., diffuse large B-cell lymphoma), Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia, glioblastoma multiforme, endometrial cancer, melanoma, prostate cancer, lung cancer, breast cancer, kidney cancer, bladder cancer, basal cell carcinoma, thyroid cancer, squamous cell carcinoma, neuroblastoma, ovarian cancer, renal cell carcinoma, hepatocellular carcinoma, colon cancer, pancreatic cancer, chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), acute lymphoblastic leukemia, rhabdomyosarcoma, meningioma, gastric cancer, Glioma, oral cancer, nasopharyngeal carcinoma, rectal cancer, stomach cancer, and uterine cancer. In some embodiments, cancers that can be treated include, but are not limited to, acute myeloid leukemia, lymphoma, leukemia, bone marrow cancer, non-Hodgkin lymphoma (e.g., diffuse large B-cell lymphoma), and Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia. In some embodiments, cancers that can be treated include, but are not limited to, acute myeloid leukemia (AML), AML that is inherited, AML with an increased risk of occurrence due to an inherited predisposition, AML with a recurrent genetic abnormality (e.g., with inversions or translocations, such as MLLT3/MLL which is a translocation between chromosome 9 and 11 (“MLL”)), AML with an increased risk of occurrence due to other blood disorders, AML with an increased risk of occurrence due to chemical exposure, AML with an increased risk of occurrence due to ionizing radiation, AML evolving from myelodysplastic syndromes, AML evolving from myeloproliferative disease, AML with an increased risk due to an FLT3 mutation, AML with an increased risk due to an FLT3 mutation in the juxamembranal region of FLT3, AML with an increased risk due to an FLT3 mutation of an internal tandem duplication in the juxamembranal region of FLT3, AML with an increased risk due to an FLT3 mutation in the kinase domain of FLT3, AML with an increased risk due to the FLT3 mutation D835Y, AML with an increased risk due to the FLT3 mutation D835V, AML with an increased risk due to the FLT3 mutation F691L, and AML with an increased risk due to the FLT3 mutation R834Q. Animals that can be treated include but are not limited to mammals, rodents, primates, monkeys (e.g., macaque, rhesus macaque, pig tail macaque), humans, canine, feline, porcine, avian (e.g., chicken), bovine, mice, rabbits, and rats. As used herein, the term “subject” refers to both human and animal subjects. In some instances, the animal is in need of the treatment (e.g., by showing signs of disease or cancer, or by having a cancerous tumor).
In some embodiments, cancers that can be treated in an animal (e.g., mammals, porcine, canine, avian (e.g., chicken), bovine, feline, primates, rodents, monkeys, rabbits, mice, rats, and humans) using a compound of the invention (e.g., Formula (I)) include, but are not limited to cancers that can be treated by inhibiting (e.g., reducing the activity or expression of) one or more of FLT3 (e.g., using FLT3 inhibitors), mutations of FLT3 (e.g., using inhibitors of FLT3 mutants), IRAK4 (e.g., using IRAK4 inhibitors), mutations of IRAK4 (e.g., using inhibitors of IRAK4 mutants), IRAK1 (e.g., using IRAK 1 inhibitors), or mutations of IRAK1 (e.g., using inhibitors of IRAK1 mutants). In certain embodiments, cancers that can be treated include, but are not limited to cancers that can be treated by inhibiting (e.g., reducing the activity or expression of) FLT3 (or its mutations) and IRAK4 (or its mutations), cancers that can be treated by inhibiting (e.g., reducing the activity or expression of) FLT3 (or its mutations) and IRAK1 (or its mutations), or cancers that can be treated by inhibiting (e.g., reducing the activity or expression of) FLT3 (or its mutations), IRAK4 (or its mutations), and IRAK1 (or its mutations).
As used herein, the term “treating” (and its variations, such as “treatment”) is to be considered in its broadest context. In particular, the term “treating” does not necessarily imply that an animal is treated until total recovery. Accordingly, “treating” includes amelioration of the symptoms, relief from the symptoms or effects associated with a condition, decrease in severity of a condition, or preventing, preventively ameliorating symptoms, or otherwise reducing the risk of developing a particular condition. As used herein, reference to “treating” an animal includes but is not limited to prophylactic treatment and therapeutic treatment. Any of the compositions (e.g., pharmaceutical compositions) described herein can be used to treat an animal.
As related to treating MDS (e.g., MDS with a splicing factor mutation, MDS with a mutation in isocitrate dehydrogenase 1, or MDS with a mutation in isocitrate dehydrogenase 2), treating can include but is not limited to prophylactic treatment and therapeutic treatment. As such, treatment can include, but is not limited to: preventing MDS (e.g., MDS with a splicing factor mutation, MDS with a mutation in isocitrate dehydrogenase 1, or MDS with a mutation in isocitrate dehydrogenase 2); reducing the risk of MDS (e.g., MDS with a splicing factor mutation, MDS with a mutation in isocitrate dehydrogenase 1, or MDS with a mutation in isocitrate dehydrogenase 2); ameliorating or relieving symptoms of MDS (e.g., MDS with a splicing factor mutation, MDS with a mutation in isocitrate dehydrogenase 1, or MDS with a mutation in isocitrate dehydrogenase 2); eliciting a bodily response against MDS (e.g., MDS with a splicing factor mutation, MDS with a mutation in isocitrate dehydrogenase 1, or MDS with a mutation in isocitrate dehydrogenase 2); inhibiting the development or progression of MDS (e.g., MDS with a splicing factor mutation, MDS with a mutation in isocitrate dehydrogenase 1, or MDS with a mutation in isocitrate dehydrogenase 2); inhibiting or preventing the onset of symptoms associated with MDS (e.g., MDS with a splicing factor mutation, MDS with a mutation in isocitrate dehydrogenase 1, or MDS with a mutation in isocitrate dehydrogenase 2); reducing the severity of MDS (e.g., MDS with a splicing factor mutation, MDS with a mutation in isocitrate dehydrogenase 1, or MDS with a mutation in isocitrate dehydrogenase 2); causing a regression of MDS (e.g., MDS with a splicing factor mutation, MDS with a mutation in isocitrate dehydrogenase 1, or MDS with a mutation in isocitrate dehydrogenase 2) or one or more of the symptoms associated with MDS (e.g., an increase in blood cell count); causing remission of MDS (e.g., MDS with a splicing factor mutation, MDS with a mutation in isocitrate dehydrogenase 1, or MDS with a mutation in isocitrate dehydrogenase 2); causing remission of MDS (e.g., MDS with a splicing factor mutation, MDS with a mutation in isocitrate dehydrogenase 1, or MDS with a mutation in isocitrate dehydrogenase 2) by preventing or minimizing FLT3 mutations (e.g., internal tandem duplication mutations or the D835Y mutation); preventing relapse of MDS (e.g., MDS with a splicing factor mutation, MDS with a mutation in isocitrate dehydrogenase 1, or MDS with a mutation in isocitrate dehydrogenase 2); or preventing relapse of MDS (e.g., MDS with a splicing factor mutation, MDS with a mutation in isocitrate dehydrogenase 1, or MDS with a mutation in isocitrate dehydrogenase 2) in animals that have intrinsic or acquired resistance to other MDS treatments. In some embodiments, treating does not include prophylactic treatment of MDS (e.g., preventing or ameliorating future MDS).
As related to treating cancer (e.g., acute myeloid leukemia, lymphoma, leukemia, bone marrow cancer, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, or Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia), treating can include but is not limited to prophylactic treatment and therapeutic treatment. As such, treatment can include, but is not limited to: preventing cancer (e.g., acute myeloid leukemia, lymphoma, leukemia, bone marrow cancer, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, or Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia); reducing the risk of cancer (e.g., acute myeloid leukemia, lymphoma, leukemia, bone marrow cancer, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, or Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia); ameliorating or relieving symptoms of cancer (e.g., acute myeloid leukemia, lymphoma, leukemia, bone marrow cancer, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, or Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia); eliciting a bodily response against cancer (e.g., acute myeloid leukemia, lymphoma, leukemia, bone marrow cancer, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, or Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia); inhibiting the development or progression of cancer (e.g., acute myeloid leukemia, lymphoma, leukemia, bone marrow cancer, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, or Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia); inhibiting or preventing the onset of symptoms associated with cancer (e.g., acute myeloid leukemia, lymphoma, leukemia, bone marrow cancer, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, or Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia); reducing the severity of cancer (e.g., acute myeloid leukemia, lymphoma, leukemia, bone marrow cancer, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, or Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia); causing a regression of cancer (e.g., acute myeloid leukemia, lymphoma, leukemia, bone marrow cancer, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, or Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia) or one or more of the symptoms associated with cancer (e.g., a decrease in tumor size); causing remission of cancer (e.g., acute myeloid leukemia, lymphoma, leukemia, bone marrow cancer, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, or Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia); causing remission of cancer (e.g., acute myeloid leukemia, lymphoma, leukemia, bone marrow cancer, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, or Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia) by preventing or minimizing FLT3 mutations (e.g., internal tandem duplication mutations or the D835Y mutation); causing remission of acute myeloid leukemia by preventing or minimizing FLT3 mutations (e.g., internal tandem duplication mutations or the D835Y mutation); preventing relapse of cancer (e.g., acute myeloid leukemia, lymphoma, leukemia, bone marrow cancer, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, or Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia); preventing relapse of cancer (e.g., acute myeloid leukemia, lymphoma, leukemia, bone marrow cancer, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, or Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia) in animals that have intrinsic or acquired resistance to other cancer treatments (e.g., from some FLT3 inhibitors or from MLL); or preventing relapse of acute myeloid leukemia in animals that have intrinsic or acquired resistance to other cancer treatments (e.g., from some FLT3 inhibitors or from MLL). In some embodiments, treating does not include prophylactic treatment of cancer (e.g., preventing or ameliorating future cancer).
Treatment of an animal can occur using any suitable administration method (such as those disclosed herein) and using any suitable amount of a compound of the invention (e.g., Formula (I)). In some embodiments, methods of treatment comprise treating an animal for MDS (e.g., MDS with a splicing factor mutation, MDS with a mutation in isocitrate dehydrogenase 1, or MDS with a mutation in isocitrate dehydrogenase 2). In some embodiments, methods of treatment comprise treating an animal for cancer (e.g., acute myeloid leukemia, lymphoma, leukemia, bone marrow cancer, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, or Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia). Other embodiments include treatment after one or more of having a blood disorder, having myelodysplastic syndrome, having myeloproliferative disease, an occurrence of chemical exposure, an exposure to ionizing radiation, or a treatment for cancer (e.g., with chemotherapy, ionizing radiation, or both). Some embodiments of the invention include a method for treating a subject (e.g., an animal such as a human or primate) with a composition comprising a compound of the invention (e.g., Formula (I)) (e.g., a pharmaceutical composition) which comprises one or more administrations of one or more such compositions; the compositions may be the same or different if there is more than one administration.
In some embodiments, the method of treatment includes administering an effective amount of a composition comprising a compound of the invention (e.g., Formula (I)). As used herein, the term “effective amount” refers to a dosage or a series of dosages sufficient to affect treatment (e.g., to treat MDS such as but not limited to MDS (e.g., MDS with a splicing factor mutation, MDS with a mutation in isocitrate dehydrogenase 1, or MDS with a mutation in isocitrate dehydrogenase 2); or to treat cancer, such as but not limited to acute myeloid leukemia, lymphoma, leukemia, bone marrow cancer, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, or Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia) in an animal. In some embodiments, an effective amount can encompass a therapeutically effective amount, as disclosed herein. In certain embodiments, an effective amount can vary depending on the subject and the particular treatment being affected. The exact amount that is required can, for example, vary from subject to subject, depending on the age and general condition of the subject, the particular adjuvant being used (if applicable), administration protocol, and the like. As such, the effective amount can, for example, vary based on the particular circumstances, and an appropriate effective amount can be determined in a particular case. An effective amount can, for example, include any dosage or composition amount disclosed herein. In some embodiments, an effective amount of at least one compound of the invention (e.g., Formula (I) such as but not limited to compounds I-2, I-15, I-20, I-22, I-24, I-26, I-27, I-42, I-53, or I-54) (which can be administered to an animal such as mammals, primates, monkeys or humans) can be an amount of about 0.005 to about 50 mg/kg body weight, about 0.01 to about 15 mg/kg body weight, about 0.1 to about 10 mg/kg body weight, about 0.5 to about 7 mg/kg body weight, about 0.005 mg/kg, about 0.01 mg/kg, about 0.05 mg/kg, about 0.1 mg/kg, about 0.5 mg/kg, about 1 mg/kg, about 3 mg/kg, about 5 mg/kg, about 5.5 mg/kg, about 6 mg/kg, about 6.5 mg/kg, about 7 mg/kg, about 7.5 mg/kg, about 8 mg/kg, about 10 mg/kg, about 12 mg/kg, or about 15 mg/kg. In regard to some embodiments, the dosage can be about 0.5 mg/kg human body weight or about 6.5 mg/kg human body weight. In some instances, an effective amount of at least one compound of the invention (e.g., Formula (I) such as but not limited to compounds I-2, I-15, I-20, I-22, I-24, I-26, I-27, I-42, I-53, or I-54) (which can be administered to an animal such as mammals, rodents, mice, rabbits, feline, porcine, or canine) can be an amount of about 0.005 to about 50 mg/kg body weight, about 0.01 to about 15 mg/kg body weight, about 0.1 to about 10 mg/kg body weight, about 0.5 to about 7 mg/kg body weight, about 0.005 mg/kg, about 0.01 mg/kg, about 0.05 mg/kg, about 0.1 mg/kg, about 1 mg/kg, about 5 mg/kg, about 10 mg/kg, about 20 mg/kg, about 30 mg/kg, about 40 mg/kg, about 50 mg/kg, about 80 mg/kg, about 100 mg/kg, or about 150 mg/kg. In some embodiments, an effective amount of at least one compound of the invention (e.g., Formula (I) such as but not limited to compounds I-2, I-15, I-20, I-22, I-24, I-26, I-27, I-42, I-53, or I-54) (which can be administered to an animal such as mammals, primates, monkeys or humans) can be an amount of about 1 to about 1000 mg/kg body weight, about 5 to about 500 mg/kg body weight, about 10 to about 200 mg/kg body weight, about 25 to about 100 mg/kg body weight, about 1 mg/kg, about 2 mg/kg, about 5 mg/kg, about 10 mg/kg, about 25 mg/kg, about 50 mg/kg, about 100 mg/kg, about 150 mg/kg, about 200 mg/kg, about 300 mg/kg, about 400 mg/kg, about 500 mg/kg, about 600 mg/kg, about 700 mg/kg, about 800 mg/kg, about 900 mg/kg, or about 1000 mg/kg. In regard to some conditions, the dosage can be about 20 mg/kg human body weight or about 100 mg/kg human body weight. In some instances, an effective amount of at least one compound of the invention (e.g., Formula (I) such as but not limited to compounds I-2, I-15, I-20, I-22, I-24, I-26, I-27, I-42, I-53, or I-54) (which can be administered to an animal such as mammals, rodents, mice, rabbits, feline, porcine, or canine) can be an amount of about 1 to about 1000 mg/kg body weight, about 5 to about 500 mg/kg body weight, about 10 to about 200 mg/kg body weight, about 25 to about 100 mg/kg body weight, about 1 mg/kg, about 2 mg/kg, about 5 mg/kg, about 10 mg/kg, about 25 mg/kg, about 50 mg/kg, about 100 mg/kg, about 150 mg/kg, about 200 mg/kg, about 300 mg/kg, about 400 mg/kg, about 500 mg/kg, about 600 mg/kg, about 700 mg/kg, about 800 mg/kg, about 900 mg/kg, or about 1000 mg/kg.
“Therapeutically effective amount” means an amount effective to achieve a desired and/or beneficial effect (e.g., decreasing tumor size or increasing blood cell count). A therapeutically effective amount can be administered in one or more administrations. For some purposes of this invention, a therapeutically effective amount is an amount appropriate to treat an indication (e.g., to treat cancer, AML, or MDS). By treating an indication is meant achieving any desirable effect, such as one or more of palliate, ameliorate, stabilize, reverse, slow, or delay disease (e.g., cancer, AML, or MDS) progression, increase the quality of life, or to prolong life. Such achievement can be measured by any suitable method, such as but not limited to measurement of tumor size or blood cell count.
In some embodiments, the treatments can also include one or more of surgical intervention, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, hormone therapies, immunotherapy, and adjuvant systematic therapies. Adjuvants may include but are not limited to chemotherapy (e.g., temozolomide), radiation therapy, antiangiogenic therapy (e.g., bevacizumab), and hormone therapies, such as administration of LHRH agonists; antiestrogens, such as tamoxifen; high-dose progestogens; aromatase inhibitors; and/or adrenalectomy. Chemotherapy can be used as a single-agent or as a combination with known or new therapies.
In some embodiments, the administration of at least one compound of the invention (e.g., Formula (I)) is an adjuvant cancer therapy or part of an adjuvant cancer therapy. Adjuvant treatments include treatments by the mechanisms disclosed herein and of cancers as disclosed herein, including, but not limited to tumors. Corresponding primary therapies can include, but are not limited to, surgery, chemotherapy, or radiation therapy. In some instances, the adjuvant treatment can be a combination of chemokine receptor antagonists with traditional chemotoxic agents or with immunotherapy that increases the specificity of treatment to the cancer and potentially limits additional systemic side effects. In still other embodiments, a compound of the invention (e.g., Formula (I)) can be used as adjuvant with other chemotherapeutic agents. The use of a compound of the invention (e.g., Formula (I)) may, in some instances, reduce the duration of the dose of both drugs and drug combinations reducing the side effects.
In some embodiments, the treatments disclosed herein can include use of other drugs (e.g., antibiotics) or therapies for treating disease. For example, antibiotics can be used to treat infections and can be combined with a compound of the invention to treat disease (e.g., infections). In other embodiments, intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) therapy can be used as part of the treatment regime (i.e., in addition to administration of the compound(s) of the invention).
Methods for Preparing Compounds of Formula (I)
Some embodiments of the present invention include methods for the preparation of compounds of Formula (I). In certain embodiments, a compound of Formula (I) can be prepared comprising the step of reacting a compound of Formula (II) with a compound of Formula (III) to result in Formula (IV), which is later made into Formula (I) (e.g., using one or more synthetic steps).
R1 and R3 of Formula (II) are the same as that defined in Formula (I). Formula (II) can be prepared using any suitable method or can be purchase where available (e.g., from Aldrich). R4, R5, and R6 of Formula (III) are the same as that defined in Formula (I). Formula (III) can be prepared using any suitable method or can be purchase where available (e.g., from Aldrich). R1, R3, R4, R5, and R6 of Formula (IV) are the same as that defined in Formula (I). In certain embodiments, the reaction of Formula (II) with Formula (III) can be performed using direct arylation through C—H bond activation. In some embodiments, the reaction can be carried out under an atmosphere of dry nitrogen in dried glassware. In other embodiments, solvents used are of anhydrous quality (e.g., purchased from Aldrich Chemical Co.) and/or can be used as received.
In some embodiments, Formula (II) can be reacted with Formula (III) under the following conditions: Formula (II) and Formula (III) are in a mixture comprising triphenylphosphine, diacetoxypalladium, potassium carbonate, ethanol, and 1,4-dioxane, and is heated (e.g., with a microwave) at a certain temperature (e.g., at about 130° C.) for a certain amount of time (e.g., about 1 hour).
In certain embodiments, a microwave vial can be equipped with a magnetic stir bar and can be charged with Formula (II) (e.g., about 46 mg or about 0.25 mmol), Formula (III) (e.g., about 89 mg or about 0.38 mmol), diacetoxypalladium (e.g., about 3 mg or about 0.01 mmol), potassium carbonate (e.g., about 69 mg or about 0.50 mmol), and triphenylphosphine (e.g., about 7 mg or about 0.025 mmol). To this 1,4-dioxane (e.g., about 0.4 mL) and ethanol (e.g., about 0.2 mL) can be added, in some instances. The mixture can then be subjected to heating (e.g., microwave irradiation), such as, for example, from about 90° C. to about 180° C. (e.g., about 130° C.) for from about 30 minutes to about 1.5 hours (e.g., about 1 h). The mixture can then be diluted with, for example, dichloromethane (DCM) (e.g., about 10 mL) and H2O (e.g. about 10 mL). The layers can then be separated and the aqueous layer extracted with, for example, (3×10 mL) DCM. The organic extracts can be combined and can then be washed (e.g., with brine (1×10 mL)), dried (e.g., over sodium sulfate), filtered and concentrated (e.g., in vacuo). The product can then be purified (e.g., via ISCO chromatography (0-5% methanol/DCM)).
In some embodiments, where R1 is alkoxy (e.g., methoxy) in Formula (IV), a morpholino-alkoxy (e.g., morpholino-ethoxy) can be substituted for the alkoxy (e.g., methoxy) as a step to preparing Formula (I). This can occur in two steps: (a) by converting the alkoxy to —OH and (b) by converting the —OH to the morpholino-alkoxy. The synthesis below is exemplary for methoxy-to-morphilinoethoxy, but can be used to convert any alkoxy-to-morpholinoalkoxy, where that starting alkoxy can be the same or different as the alkoxy in the morpholinoalkoxy.
R3, R4, R5, and R6 of Formula (IV) are the same as that defined in Formula (I). In some embodiments, the reaction can be carried out under an atmosphere of dry nitrogen in dried glassware. In other embodiments, solvents used are of anhydrous quality (e.g., purchased from Aldrich Chemical Co.) and/or can be used as received.
For step (a), in some embodiments, Formula (IV) (e.g., with R1 as a C1-C6 alkoxy) can be reacted under the following conditions: Formula (IV) (e.g., with R1 as a C1-C6 alkoxy) is in a mixture comprising 4-methylbenzenesulfonic acid hydrate, lithium chloride, and DMF, and can be then heated (e.g., with a microwave) at a certain temperature (e.g., about 120° C.) for a certain amount of time (e.g., for about 2 h).
In other embodiments for step (a), a microwave vial equipped with a stir bar can be charged with Formula (IV) (e.g., with R1 as a C1-C6 alkoxy) (e.g., about 85 mg or about 0.25 mmol), 4-methylbenzenesulfonic acid hydrate (e.g., about 239 mg or about 1.3 mmol) and lithium chloride (e.g., about 53 mg or about 1.3 mmol). DMF (e.g., about 1.3 mL) can then be added and the vial can be subjected to microwave irradiation at from about 90° C. to about 150° C. (e.g., about 120° C.) for from about 1 h to about 3 h (e.g., about 2 h). In some instances, the resulting product can be purified (e.g., by reverse phase ISCO chromatography (1-100% acetonitrile/H2O)).
In some embodiments for step (b), the product of step (a) can be reacted under the following conditions: the product of step (a) can be in a mixture comprising di-tert-butyl azodicarboxylate, morpholinoalkanol (e.g., 2-morpholinoethanol), THF, and triphenylphosphine, and can be then heated (e.g., with a microwave) or cooled at a certain temperature (e.g., from about 20° C. to about 30° C.) or can be room temperature (about 25° C.) for a certain amount of time (e.g., about 1.5 h).
In some embodiments for step (b), a 25 mL round bottomed flask, equipped with a stir bar, can be charged with the product of step (a) (e.g., about 70 mg or about 0.22 mmol), di-tert-butyl azodicarboxylate (e.g., about 89 mg or about 0.39 mmol), morpholinoalkanol (e.g., 2-morpholinoethanol) (e.g., about 51 mg or about 0.39 mmol), THF (e.g., from about 2 mL to about 50 mL or from about 10 mL to about 15 mL), and triphenylphosphine (e.g., about 102 mg or about 0.39 mmol). The reaction mixture can be stirred at from about 20° C. to about 30° C. (e.g., room temperature or about 25° C.) for from about 1 h to about 2 h (e.g., about 1.5 h). The THF can then be removed (e.g., in vacuo) and the resulting product can then be purified (e.g., by ISCO chromatography (1-10% methanol/DCM)) to provide Formula (IV) with an alkoxy-morpholino (e.g., ethoxy-morpholino).
In certain embodiments, a compound of Formula (I) can be prepared comprising the step of reacting a compound of Formula (IV) with a compound of Formula (V) to result in Formula (VI), which is later made into Formula (I) (e.g., using one or more synthetic steps).
R1, R3, R4, R5, and R6 of Formula (IV) are the same as that defined in Formula (I). Formula (IV) can be prepared using any suitable method (e.g., see above) or can be purchase where available. Y (e.g., Y is not O), n, and m of Formula (V) are the same as that defined in Formula (I). Formula (V) can be prepared using any suitable method or can be purchase where available (e.g., from Aldrich). R1, R3, R4, R5, R6, Y (e.g., Y is not O), n, and m of Formula (VI) are the same as that defined in Formula (I). In certain embodiments, the reaction of Formula (IV) with Formula (V) can be performed via SNAr displacement, such as, for example, by a Buchwald-Hartwig amination. In some embodiments, the reaction can be carried out under an atmosphere of dry nitrogen in dried glassware. In other embodiments, solvents used are of anhydrous quality (e.g., purchased from Aldrich Chemical Co.) and/or can be used as received.
In some embodiments, Formula (IV) can be reacted with Formula (V) under the following conditions: Formula (IV) and Formula (V) are in a mixture comprising 2-dicyclohexylphosphino-2′,4′,6′-triisopropylbiphenyl (XPhos), diacetoxypalladium, potassium carbonate, and t-butanol, and heated (e.g., with a microwave) at a certain temperature (e.g., at about 110° C.) for a certain amount of time (e.g., about 3 h).
In other embodiments, Formula (IV) (e.g., about 40 mg or about 0.12 mmol) in tert-butanol (e.g., about 1 mL) in a flame dried microwave vial equipped with a magnetic stir bar can be added to tert-butyl 3-aminopyrrolidine-1-carboxylate (e.g., about 51 mg or about 0.27 mmol), diacetoxypalladium (e.g., about 5 mg or about 0.02 mmol), 2-dicyclohexylphosphino-2′,4′,6′-triisopropylbiphenyl (e.g., about 28 mg or about 0.06 mmol) and potassium carbonate (e.g., about 57 mg or about 0.41 mmol). The mixture can then be purged with nitrogen, sealed and subjected to microwave irradiation at, for example, from about 80° C. to about 140° C. (e.g., about 110° C.) for from about 1 h to about 5 h (e.g., about 3 h). The mixture can then, in some instances, be diluted with DCM (e.g., about 10 mL) and H2O (e.g., about 10 mL). The layers can be separated and the aqueous layer can be extracted (e.g., with (e.g., 3×10 mL) DCM). The organic extracts can be combined and washed (e.g., with brine (1×10 mL)), dried (e.g., over sodium sulfate), filtered and concentrated (e.g., in vacuo). In some instances, further purification can be accomplished, for example via ISCO chromatography (0-3% methanol/DCM).
When Y is O, in some embodiments, a compound of Formula (I) can be prepared comprising the step of reacting a compound of Formula (IV) with a compound of Formula (V) to result in Formula (VI), which is later made into Formula (I) (e.g., using one or more synthetic steps).
R1, R3, R4, R5, and R6 of Formula (IV) are the same as that defined in Formula (I). Formula (IV) can be prepared using any suitable method (e.g., see above) or can be purchase where available. For Formula (V), n and m are the same as that defined in Formula (I); Y is O in Formula (V). Formula (V) can be prepared using any suitable method or can be purchase where available (e.g., from Aldrich). R1, R3, R4, R5, R6, n, and m of Formula (VI) are the same as that defined in Formula (I); Y is O. In certain embodiments, the reaction can be carried out under an atmosphere of dry nitrogen in dried glassware. In other embodiments, solvents used are of anhydrous quality (e.g., purchased from Aldrich Chemical Co.) and/or can be used as received.
In some embodiments, Formula (IV) is reacted with Formula (V) under the following conditions: Formula (IV) and Formula (V) are in a mixture comprising copper(I) iodide, cesium carbonate, 3,4,7,8-tetramethyl-1,10-phenanthroline, and toluene, and sonicated, and then heated (e.g., with a microwave) at a certain temperature (e.g., at about 120° C.) for a certain amount of time (e.g., about 3 h).
In other embodiments, an oven dried microwave vial can be charged with Formula (IV) (e.g., about 100 mg or about 0.30 mmol), Formula (V) (e.g., about 332 mg or about 1.77 mmol), copper(I) iodide (e.g., about 14 mg or about 0.07 mmol), cesium carbonate (e.g., about 722 mg or about 2.22 mmol) and 3,4,7,8-tetramethyl-1,10-phenanthroline (e.g., about 35 mg or about 0.15 mmol). Toluene (e.g., about 0.83 mL) can be added and the vial purged with nitrogen. The vial can then be sonicated before subjecting to heating (e.g., microwave irradiation) at from about 90° C. to about 150° C. (e.g., about 120° C.) for from about 1 h to about 5 h (e.g., about 3 h). The mixture can then be diluted with DCM (e.g., about 20 mL) and H2O (e.g., about 20 mL). The layers can then be separated and the aqueous layer extracted (e.g., with (3×20 mL) DCM). The organic extracts can be combined and washed (e.g., with brine (1×20 mL)), dried (e.g., over sodium sulfate), filtered and concentrated (e.g., in vacuo). The residue can then be purified (e.g., via ISCO chromatography (70-100% EtOAc/hexanes)).
In certain embodiments, a compound of Formula (I) can be prepared comprising the step of reacting a compound of Formula (VI) with a compound of Formula (VII) to result in Formula (VIII), which is later made into Formula (I) (e.g., using one or more synthetic steps).
R1, R3, R4, R5, R6, Y, n, and m of Formula (VI) are the same as that defined in Formula (I). Formula (VI) can be prepared using any suitable method (e.g., see above) or can be purchase where available. R2 of Formula (VII) is the same as that defined in Formula (I), and in some instances R2 can have a group protected (e.g., via Boc) during the reaction step. Formula (VII) can be prepared using any suitable method or can be purchase where available (e.g., from Aldrich). R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, Y, n, and m of Formula (VIII) are the same as that defined in Formula (I). In certain embodiments, the reaction of Formula (VI) with Formula (VII) can be performed via a Suzuki-Miyaura coupling strategy (e.g., for heterocyclic boronic derivatives). In some embodiments, the reaction can be carried out under an atmosphere of dry nitrogen in dried glassware. In other embodiments, solvents used are of anhydrous quality (e.g., purchased from Aldrich Chemical Co.) and/or can be used as received.
In some embodiments, Formula (VI) can be reacted with Formula (VII) under the following conditions: Formula (VI) and Formula (VII) (e.g., with or without a group on R2 being protected, such as with a Boc) are in a mixture comprising tricyclohexylphosphine (PCy3), tris(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium(0) (Pd2(dba)3), potassium carbonate, water and 1,4 dioxane, and heated (e.g., with a microwave) at a certain temperature (e.g., at about 110° C.) for a certain amount of time (e.g., about 3 h).
In other embodiments, to an oven dried microwave vial equipped with a stir bar can be added Formula (VI) (e.g., about 150 mg or about 0.34 mmol), Formula (VII) (e.g., 4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-R2 or 4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-R2 with a group on R2 protected, such as with Boc) (e.g., about 298 mg or about 1.01 mmol), tricyclohexylphosphine (e.g., about 131 μL or about 0.08 mmol, about 20 wt. % in toluene), tris(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium(0) (e.g., about 31 mg or about 0.034 mmol) and aqueous potassium phosphate (e.g., about 0.7 mL of about 1.3 M). 1,4-dioxane (e.g., about 2.5 mL) can then added and the microwave vial can be purged with nitrogen and sealed. The mixture can then be subjected to heat (e.g., microwave irradiation) at, for example, from about 80° C. to about 140° C. (e.g., about 110° C.) for from about 1 h to about 5 h (e.g., about 3 h). The mixture can then be diluted with ethyl acetate (EtOAc) (e.g., about 20 mL) and H2O (e.g., about 20 mL). The layers can then be separated and the aqueous layer can be extracted (e.g., 3×20 mL) with, for example, EtOAc. The organic extracts can then be combined and washed, for example with brine (e.g., 1×20 mL), dried (e.g., over sodium sulfate), filtered, and concentrated (e.g., in vacuo). The product can then be purified (e.g., via ISCO chromatography (e.g., 0-10% methanol/DCM)).
In some embodiments, a compound of Formula (I) can be prepared comprising the step of reacting a compound of Formula (VIII) to result in Formula (I).
R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, Y, n, and m of Formula (VIII) are the same as that defined in Formula (I). In certain embodiments, the reaction of Formula (VIII) can be performed via a deprotection strategy (e.g., for removing one or more protecting groups, such as one or more Boc protecting groups or one or more of a combination of different protecting groups). In some embodiments, the reaction can be carried out under an atmosphere of dry nitrogen in dried glassware. In other embodiments, solvents used are of anhydrous quality (e.g., purchased from Aldrich Chemical Co.) and/or can be used as received.
In some embodiments, Formula (VIII) can be reacted under the following conditions: Formula (VIII) is in a mixture comprising trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) and dichloromethane (DCM), and is optionally heated (e.g., with a microwave) or cooled at a certain temperature (e.g., from about 20° C. to about 30° C.) or can be at room temperature (e.g., about 25° C.). The product can then be purified (e.g., via ISCO chromatography (50-100% EtOAc/hexanes)).
In some embodiments, when R2 is a halogen (e.g., Cl) in Formula (I), R2 can be altered to a C2-C7 alkynyl (e.g., ethynyl or a C2-C7 alkynyl where a triple bond is at an end-carbon position (e.g., a 1-alkynyl)). For example, an oven dried microwave vial can be charged with Formula (I) (e.g., about 30 mg or about 0.068 mmol), tert-butyl(ethynyl)dimethylsilane (e.g., about 0.03 mL or about 0.17 mmol), tri-tert-butylphosphine (e.g., about 0.135 mL or about 0.14 mmol, about 1 M solution in toluene), 1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene (e.g., about 2 μL or about 0.014 mmol), cesium carbonate (e.g., about 44 mg or about 0.14 mmol) and dichlorobis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(II) (e.g., about 5 mg or about 0.007 mmol). DMF (e.g., about 0.5 mL) can then be added and the microwave vial can be purged with nitrogen and sealed. The mixture can then be subjected to heat (e.g., microwave irradiation) at, for example, from about 100° C. to about 200° C. (e.g., about 150° C.) for from about 0.5 h to about 2 h (e.g., about 1 h). The product can then be purified (e.g., via ISCO chromatography (50-100% EtOAc/hexanes)).
In some embodiments, Formula (I) (or any other formula recited above) can be recovered. Recovery can occur using any suitable method including but not limited to HPLC (e.g., reverse phase), LC, precipitation, centrifugation, column chromatography (e.g., size exclusion chromatography or ion exchange chromatography), use of silica gel, or combinations thereof.
In some embodiments, a method for the preparation of a compound of Formula (I) can comprise one or more of the above-mentioned steps. In certain embodiments, a method for preparing a compound of Formula (I) comprises
(a) reacting a compound of Formula (II) with a compound of Formula (III) to result in a mixture comprising a compound of Formula (IV);
(b) reacting a compound of Formula (IV) with a compound of Formula (V) to result in a mixture comprising a compound of Formula (VI);
(c) optionally reacting a compound of Formula (VI) with a compound of Formula (VII) to result in a mixture comprising a compound of Formula (VIII);
(d) removing one or more protecting groups from a compound of Formula (VI) or from a compound of Formula (VIII); and
(e) recovering Formula (I).
The presently-disclosed subject matter is further illustrated by the following specific but non-limiting examples. The following examples may include compilations of data that are representative of data gathered at various times during the course of development and experimentation related to the present invention.
Synthesis of compound C was performed using direct arylation through C—H bond activation (Scheme 1). With compound C in hand, the SNAr displacement was accomplished through a Buchwald-Hartwig amination to give compound E and the installation of aryl group at 6-position of imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine ring used a Suzuki-Miyaura coupling strategy for heterocyclic boronic derivatives to give compound F. For compounds not encompassed by this general scheme, preparation procedures and spectral characterizations are further depicted below.
Unless otherwise stated, all reactions were carried out under an atmosphere of dry nitrogen in dried glassware. Indicated reaction temperatures refer to those of the reaction bath, while room temperature (rt) is noted as 25° C. All solvents were of anhydrous quality purchased from Aldrich Chemical Co. and used as received. Commercially available starting materials and reagents were purchased from Aldrich and were used as received.
Analytical thin layer chromatography (TLC) was performed with Sigma Aldrich TLC plates (5×20 cm, 60 Å, 250 μm). Visualization was accomplished by irradiation under a 254 nm UV lamp. Chromatography on silica gel was performed using forced flow (liquid) of the indicated solvent system on Biotage KP-Sil pre-packed cartridges and using the Biotage SP-1 automated chromatography system. 1HNMR spectra were recorded on a Varian Inova 400 MHz spectrometer. Chemical shifts are reported in ppm with the solvent resonance as the internal standard (DMSO-d6 2.50 ppm for 1H). Data are reported as follows: chemical shift, multiplicity (s=singlet, d=doublet, t=triplet, q=quartet, br=broad, m=multiplet), coupling constants, and number of protons. Low resolution mass spectra (electrospray ionization) were acquired on an Agilent Technologies 6130 quadrupole spectrometer coupled to the HPLC system. High resolution mass spectral data was collected using and Agilent 6210 time-of-flight (TOF) mass spectrometer, also coupled to an Agilent Technologies 1200 series HPLC system. If needed, products were purified via a Waters semi-preparative HPLC equipped with a Phenomenex Luna® C18 reverse phase (5 micron, 30×75 mm) column having a flow rate of 45 mL/min. The mobile phase was a mixture of acetonitrile and H2O each containing 0.1% trifluoroacetic acid. Samples were analyzed for purity on an Agilent 1200 series LC/MS equipped with a Luna® C18 reverse phase (3 micron, 3×75 mm) column having a flow rate of 0.8-1.0 mL/min over a 7-minute gradient and an 8.5 minute run time (Method 1). The mobile phase was a mixture of acetonitrile (0.025% TFA) and H2O (0.05% TFA), with temperature maintained at 50° C. Purity of final compounds was determined to be >95%, using a 3 μL injection with quantitation by AUC at 220 and 254 nm (Agilent Diode Array Detector).
Method A.
Used for the synthesis of many of the compounds. This procedure is exemplified below for compound I-20.
A microwave vial equipped with a magnetic stir bar was charged with 6-chloro-7-methoxyimidazo[1,2-a]pyridine (46 mg, 0.25 mmol), 2,6-dibromopyridine (89 mg, 0.38 mmol), diacetoxypalladium (3 mg, 0.01 mmol), potassium carbonate (69 mg, 0.50 mmol), and triphenylphosphine (7 mg, 0.025 mmol). To this was added 0.4 mL of 1,4-dioxane and 0.2 mL of ethanol. The mixture was subjected to microwave irradiation at 130° C. for 1 h. The mixture was diluted with dichloromethane (DCM) (10 mL) and H2O (10 mL). The layers were separated and the aqueous layer was extracted with (3×10 mL) DCM. The organic extracts were combined and washed with brine (1×10 mL), dried over sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The crude residue was then purified via ISCO chromatography (0-5% methanol/DCM) to deliver product (85 mg, 70%) as an off-white solid.
To a suspension of 3-(6-bromopyridin-2-yl)-6-chloro-7-methoxyimidazo[1,2-a]pyridine (40 mg, 0.12 mmol) in tert-butanol (1 mL) in a flame dried microwave vial equipped with a magnetic stir bar was added tert-butyl 3-aminopyrrolidine-1-carboxylate (51 mg, 0.27 mmol), diacetoxypalladium (5 mg, 0.02 mmol), 2-dicyclohexylphosphino-2′,4′,6′-triisopropylbiphenyl (28 mg, 0.06 mmol) and potassium carbonate (57 mg, 0.41 mmol). The mixture was purged with nitrogen then sealed and subjected to microwave irradiation at 110° C. for 3 h. The mixture was diluted with DCM (10 mL) and H2O (10 mL). The layers were separated and the aqueous layer was extracted with (3×10 mL) DCM. The organic extracts were combined and washed with brine (1×10 mL), dried over sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The crude residue was then purified via ISCO chromatography (0-3% methanol/DCM) to deliver product (52 mg, 53%) as an off-white solid.
To an oven dried microwave vial equipped with a stir bar was added 6-(6-chloro-7-methoxyimidazo[1,2-a]pyridin-3-yl)-N-(pyrrolidin-3-yl)pyridin-2-amine (150 mg, 0.34 mmol), tert-butyl 4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-1H-pyrazole-1-carboxylate (298 mg, 1.01 mmol), tricyclohexylphosphine (131 μL, 0.08 mmol, 20 wt. % in toluene), tris(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium(0) (31 mg, 0.034 mmol) and aqueous potassium phosphate (0.7 mL, 1.3 M). 1,4-dioxane (2.5 mL) was then added and the microwave vial was purged with nitrogen and sealed. The mixture was subjected to microwave irradiation at 110° C. for 3 h. The mixture was diluted with ethyl acetate (EtOAc) (20 mL) and H2O (20 mL). The layers were separated and the aqueous layer was extracted (3×20 mL) EtOAc. The organic extracts were combined and washed with brine (1×20 mL), dried over sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The crude residue was then purified via ISCO chromatography (0-10% methanol/DCM) to deliver product (161 mg, 69%) as an off-white solid.
Method A. 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 8.80-8.60 (br.s, 2H), 8.43 (d, J=0.8 Hz, 1H), 8.34 (dd, J 9.6, 1.2 Hz, 1H), 7.73 (d, J 8.0 Hz, 1H), 7.66 (t, J 8.0 Hz, 1H), 7.50-7.44 (m, 2H), 6.57 (d, J 8.0 Hz, 1H), 4.86-4.76 (m, 1H), 4.37-4.26 (m, 2H), 4.06-3.96 (m, 2H); LC/MS: Method 1, retention time: 1.534 min; HRMS: m/z (M+H)+=299.0938 (Calculated for C15H14ClN5=299.0938).
Method A. 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 9.83 (dt, J=7.1, 1.2 Hz, 1H), 8.90-8.70 (br.s, 2H), 8.52 (s, 1H), 7.88 (dt, J=9.1, 1.2 Hz, 1H), 7.71 (ddd, J=8.9, 6.9, 1.3 Hz, 1H), 7.67-7.58 (m, 2H), 7.32 (td, J=7.0, 1.3 Hz, 1H), 7.24 (dd, J=7.5, 0.7 Hz, 1H), 6.53 (dd, J=8.3, 0.7 Hz, 1H), 4.90-4.77 (m, 1H), 4.30-4.16 (m, 2H), 3.96-3.86 (m, 2H); LC/MS: Method 1, retention time: 1.476 min; HRMS: m/z (M+H)+=265.1327 (Calculated for C15H15N5=265.1327).
Method A. 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) □ □ 9.79 (dd, J=7.6, 0.8 Hz, 1H), 9.00-8.85 (br.s, 1H), 8.85-8.75 (br.s, 1H), 8.39 (s, 1H), 7.97 (dd, J=2.4, 0.8 Hz, 1H), 7.64-7.58 (m, 2H), 7.27-7.20 (m, 2H), 6.50 (dd, J=8.0, 0.8 Hz, 1H), 4.92-4.80 (m, 1H), 4.33-4.22 (m, 2H), 4.00-3.90 (m, 2H); LC/MS: Method 1, retention time: 1.303 min; HRMS: m/z (M+H)+=299.0938 (Calculated for C15H14ClN5=299.0938).
Method A. 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 9.81 (d, J 7.2 Hz, 1H), 9.15-9.00 (br.s, 1H), 8.95-8.80 (br.s, 1H), 8.69 (s, 1H), 7.84-7.82 (m, 1H), 7.74 (d, J 6.0 Hz, 1H), 7.67 (dd, J 8.4, 7.6 Hz, 1H), 7.41 (dd, J 7.2, 0.4 Hz, 1H), 7.26 (dd, J 7.6, 0.4 Hz, 1H), 6.61 (dd, J 8.4, 0.4 Hz, 1H), 4.95-4.80 (m, 1H), 4.30-4.20 (m, 2H), 4.00-3.90 (m, 2H), 2.57 (s, 3H); LC/MS: Method 1, retention time: 1.634 min; HRMS: m/z (M+H)+=279.1484 (Calculated for C16H17N5=279.1484).
Method A. 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 9.77 (d, J 8.0 Hz, 1H), 9.20-9.05 (br.s, 1H), 8.95-8.70 (br.s, 1H), 8.55 (s, 1H), 7.71 (d, J 6.0 Hz, 1H), 7.65 (dd, J 8.4, 7.6 Hz, 1H), 7.35 (d, J 2.4 Hz, 1H), 7.23 (dd, J=8.0, 0.8 Hz), 7.19 (dd, J 8.0, 2.4 Hz, 1H), 6.58 (dd, J 8.0, 0.8 Hz, 1H), 4.92-4.82 (m, 1H), 4.32-4.22 (m, 2H), 4.01 (s, 3H), 3.98-3.90 (m, 2H); LC/MS: Method 1, retention time: 1.627 min; HRMS: m/z (M+H)+=295.1433 (Calculated for C16H17N5O=295.1433).
Method A. 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 10.22 (d, J 0.8 Hz, 1H), 9.00-8.80 (br.s, 2H), 8.42 (s, 1H), 7.87 (dd, J 9.6, 0.8 Hz, 1H), 7.66-7.60 (m, 3H), 7.27 (d, J=8.0 Hz, 1H), 6.51 (d, J=8.0 Hz, 1H), 4.82-4.70 (m, 1H), 4.37-4.26 (m, 2H), 4.06-3.90 (m, 2H); LC/MS: Method 1, retention time: 1.772 min; HRMS: m/z (M+H)+=290.1280 (Calculated for C16H14N6=290.1280).
Method A. 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 9.45 (s, 1H), 8.90-8.75 (br.s, 2H), 8.36 (s, 1H), 7.65-7.55 (m, 2H), 7.25 (d, J=8.0 Hz, 1H), 6.84 (s, 1H), 6.52 (d, J=8.0 Hz, 1H), 4.83-4.70 (m, 1H), 4.37-4.25 (m, 2H), 4.02 (s, 3H), 4.01-3.94 (m, 2H); LC/MS: Method 1, retention time: 1.058 min; HRMS: m/z (M+H)+=330.1105 (Calculated for C16H17ClN5O=330.1122).
Method A. 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 9.96 (dd, J=2.4, 0.8 Hz, 1H), 9.00-8.80 (br.s, 2H), 8.48 (s, 1H), 7.83 (dd, J 9.6, 0.8 Hz, 1H), 7.58 (dd, J 9.6, 2.4 Hz, 1H), 7.55 (d, J 4.4 Hz, 1H), 6.95 (d, J 2.4 Hz, 1H), 6.02 (d, J 2.4 Hz, 1H), 4.80-4.70 (m, 1H), 4.36-4.26 (m, 2H), 4.03-3.92 (m, 2H), 3.84 (s, 3H); LC/MS: Method 1, retention time: 1.821 min; HRMS: m/z (M+H)+=329.1043 (Calculated for C16H16ClN5O=329.1043).
Method A. 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 9.92 (d, J 1.0 Hz, 1H), 8.90-8.70 (br.s, 2H), 8.35 (s, 1H), 7.78 (dd, J 9.6, 0.8 Hz, 1H), 7.50 (dd, J 9.6, 2.0 Hz, 1H), 7.44 (dd, J 9.6, 2.0 Hz, 1H), 7.15 (t, J 1.0 Hz, 1H), 6.32 (t, J 1.0 Hz, 1H), 4.80-4.70 (m, 1H), 4.37-4.25 (m, 2H), 4.05-3.92 (m, 2H), 2.27 (s, 3H); LC/MS: Method 1, retention time: 1.816 min; HRMS: m/z (M+H)+=313.1094 (Calculated for C16H16ClN5=313.1094).
Method A. 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 9.58 (dd, J 2.0, 0.8 Hz, 1H), 9.00-8.80 (br.s, 2H), 8.16 (d, J 3.6 Hz, 1H), 7.99 (t, JHF=10.0 Hz, 1H), 7.83 (dd, J 9.6, 0.8 Hz, 1H), 7.71 (d, J=5.6 Hz, 1H), 7.56 (dd, J 9.6, 2.0 Hz, 1H), 4.90-4.82 (m, 1H), 4.34-4.24 (m, 2H), 4.18-4.08 (m, 2H); LC/MS: Method 1, retention time: 1.739 min; HRMS: m/z (M+H)+=335.0749 (Calculated for C15H12ClF2N5=335.0749).
Method A. 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 10.04 (s, 1H), 9.00-8.80 (br.s, 2H), 8.38 (s, 1H), 7.77 (dd, J=9.6, 0.8 Hz, 1H), 7.56 (dd, J=8.3, 7.5 Hz, 1H), 7.48 (dd, J=9.6, 2.1 Hz, 1H), 7.22 (dd, J=7.5, 0.7 Hz, 1H), 7.11 (d, J=5.1 Hz, 1H), 6.47 (dd, J=8.3, 0.7 Hz, 1H), 4.55-4.45 (m, 1H), 3.50-3.40 (m, 1H), 3.40-3.25 (m, 3H), 2.38-2.24 (m, 1H), 2.09-1.97 (m, 1H); LC/MS: Method 1, retention time: 1.750 min; HRMS: m/z (M+H)+=313.1094 (Calculated for C16H16ClN5=313.1094).
Method A. LC/MS: Method 1, retention time: 1.793 min.
Method A. 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 10.15 (dd, J 2.0, 0.8 Hz, 1H), 8.70-8.60 (br.s, 1H), 8.60-8.55 (br.s, 1H), 8.54 (s, 1H), 7.89 (dd, J 9.6, 0.8 Hz, 1H), 7.67 (dd, J 9.6, 2.0 Hz, 1H), 7.55 (dd, J 8.4, 7.6 Hz, 1H), 7.20 (dd, J=7.6, 0.8 Hz, 1H), 7.18-7.05 (br.s, 1H), 6.51 (dd, J=8.4, 0.8 Hz, 1H), 4.10-3.95 (m, 1H), 3.46-3.36 (m, 2H), 3.14-3.02 (m, 2H), 2.24-2.14 (m, 2H), 1.80-1.66 (m, 2H); LC/MS: Method 1, retention time: 1.862 min; HRMS: m/z (M+H)+=327.1251 (Calculated for C17H18ClN5=327.1251).
Method A. 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 9.94 (s, 1H), 9.10-8.95 (br.s, 1H), 8.90-8.80 (br.s, 1H), 8.53 (s, 1H), 8.13 (s, 1H), 7.64 (dd, J=8.6, 7.5 Hz, 1H), 7.43 (s, 1H), 7.26 (d, J=5.1 Hz, 1H), 7.23 (d, J=5.1 Hz, 1H), 6.59 (d, J=8.0 Hz, 1H), 4.70-4.53 (m, 1H), 4.10 (s, 3H), 3.40-3.27 (m, 1H), 3.26-3.10 (m, 3H), 2.20-2.10 (m, 1H), 2.10-2.00 (m, 1H); LC/MS: Method 1, retention time: 1.665 min; HRMS: m/z (M+H)+=345.1702 (Calculated for C19H19N7=345.1702).
Method A. 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 10.14 (s, 1H), 9.05-8.75 (br.s, 2H), 8.40 (s, 1H), 7.58 (t, J=8.0 Hz, 1H), 7.39 (s, 1H), 7.22 (d, J=8.0 Hz, 1H), 7.16 (d, J=4.8 Hz, 1H), 6.50 (d, J=8.0 Hz, 1H), 4.55-4.45 (m, 1H), 4.04 (s, 3H), 3.55-3.45 (m, 1H), 3.45-3.25 (m, 3H), 2.40-2.25 (m, 1H), 2.12-2.00 (m, 1H); LC/MS: Method 1, retention time: 1.896 min; HRMS: m/z (M+H)+=343.1200 (Calculated for C17H18ClN5O=343.1200).
Method A. 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 9.93 (s, 1H), 9.02 (br.s, 1H), 8.86 (br.s, 1H), 8.52 (s, 1H), 8.13 (s, 2H), 7.64 (dd, J=8.4, 7.5 Hz, 1H), 7.42 (s, 1H), 7.26-7.21 (m, 2H), 6.59 (dd, J=8.4, 0.7 Hz, 1H), 4.60-4.56 (m, 1H), 4.10 (s, 3H), 3.39-3.31 (m, 1H), 3.19-3.14 (m, 3H), 2.19-2.10 (m, 1H), 2.07-1.99 (m, 1H); LC/MS: Method 1, retention time: 2.829 min; HRMS: m/z (M+H)+=375.1808 (Calculated for C20H21N7O=375.1808).
Method A. 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 9.88 (s, 1H), 8.90 (br.s, 1H), 8.78 (br.s, 1H), 8.44 (s, 1H), 8.22 (s, 1H), 7.90 (d, J=0.8 Hz, 1H), 7.62 (dd, J=8.4, 7.4 Hz, 1H), 7.36 (s, 1H), 7.22-7.17 (m, 2H), 6.56 (d, J=8.3 Hz, 1H), 4.59-4.55 (m, 1H), 4.08 (s, 3H), 3.91 (s, 3H), 3.25-3.17 (m, 2H), 2.20-2.11 (m, 1H), 2.08-1.99 (m, 1H); LC/MS: Method 1, retention time: 3.005 min; HRMS: m/z (M+H)+=389.1964 (Calculated for C21H23N7O=389.1964).
Method A. 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 9.92 (s, 1H), 8.98 (br.s, 1H), 8.90 (br.s, 1H), 8.82 (d, J=2.2 Hz, 1H), 8.69 (dd, J=4.9, 1.6 Hz, 1H), 8.63 (s, 1H), 8.08 (dt, J=8.0, 1.9 Hz, 1H), 7.65-7.57 (m, 2H), 7.52 (s, 1H), 7.27-7.22 (m, 2H), 6.57 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 1H), 4.45 (s, 1H), 4.04 (s, 3H), 3.31-3.23 (m, 1H), 3.16-3.05 (m, 2H), 2.00-1.88 (m, 2H); LC/MS: Method 1, retention time: 2.723 min; HRMS: m/z (M+H)+=386.1855 (Calculated for C22H22N6O=386.1855).
Method A. 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 9.94 (s, 1H), 8.91 (s, 1H), 8.82 (s, 1H), 8.76 (d, J=4 Hz, 2H), 8.59 (s, 1H), 7.71-7.70 (m, 2H), 7.62 (dd, J=8.4, 7.5 Hz, 1H), 7.49 (s, 1H), 7.25 (dd, J=7.4, 0.7 Hz, 1H), 7.18 (d, J=5.6 Hz, 1H), 6.56 (dd, J=8.4, 0.7 Hz, 1H), 4.44 (s, 1H), 4.04 (s, 3H), 3.30-3.22 (m, 1H), 3.19-3.13 (m, 3H), 2.01-1.91 (m, 2H); LC/MS: Method 1, retention time: 2.581 min; HRMS: m/z (M+H)+=386.1855 (Calculated for C22H22N6O=386.1855).
Method A. 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 9.67 (s, 1H), 8.87 (br.s, 2H), 8.45 (s, 1H), 7.62-7.58 (m, 1H), 7.38 (s, 1H), 7.23-7.21 (m, 1H), 7.11-7.09 (m, 1H), 6.98 (s, 1H), 6.51 (d, J=8.3 Hz, 1H), 4.35-4.33 (m, 1H), 3.98 (s, 3H), 3.20-3.15 (m, 3H), 2.34 (s, 3H), 2.11 (s, 3H), 2.07-1.91 (m, 2H); LC/MS: Method 1, retention time: 3.066 min; HRMS: m/z (M+H)+=404.1961 (Calculated for C22H24N6O2=404.1961).
Method A. 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 11.19 (s, 1H), 9.88 (s, 1H), 9.02 (br.s, 1H), 8.89 (br.s, 1H), 8.52 (s, 1H), 7.63 (dd, J=8.4, 7.5 Hz, 1H), 7.37-7.35 (m, 2H), 7.27-7.22 (m, 2H), 6.91-6.90 (m, 1H), 6.59 (dd, J=8.4, 0.7 Hz, 1H), 6.48-6.47 (m, 1H), 4.65-4.60 (m, 1H), 4.09 (s, 3H), 3.26-3.16 (m, 3H), 2.24-2.15 (m, 1H), 2.05-1.97 (m, 1H); LC/MS: Method 1, retention time: 3.104 min; HRMS: m/z (M+H)+=374.1855 (Calculated for C21H22N6O=374.1855).
Method C.
Used for the synthesis of compound I-68.
An oven dried microwave vial was charged with tert-butyl 3-((6-(6-chloro-7-methoxyimidazo[1,2-a]pyridine-3-yl)pyridine-2-yl)amino)pyrrolidine-1-carboxylate (30 mg, 0.068 mmol), tert-butyl(ethynyl)dimethylsilane (0.03 mL, 0.17 mmol), tri-tert-butylphosphine (0.135 mL, 0.14 mmol, 1 M solution in toluene), 1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene (2 μL, 0.014 mmol), cesium carbonate (44 mg, 0.14 mmol) and dichlorobis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(II) (5 mg, 0.007 mmol). DMF (0.5 mL) was then added and the microwave vial was purged with nitrogen and sealed. The mixture was subjected to microwave irradiation at 150° C. for 1 h. The crude mixture was purified via ISCO chromatography (50-100% EtOAc/hexanes) to deliver product (15 mg, 41%) as an off-white solid.
Method C. 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 10.04 (s, 1H), 8.91 (br. s, 2H), 8.30 (s, 1H), 7.58-7.54 (m, 1H), 7.21-7.18 (m, 2H), 7.13-7.12 (m, 1H), 6.57 (br. s, 1H), 6.46 (d, J=8.3 Hz, 1H), 4.49 (s, 1H), 4.38 (s, 1H), 3.96 (s, 3H), 2.34-2.29 (m, 1H), 2.08-2.05 (m, 1H). LC/MS: Method 1, retention time: 3.084 min; HRMS: m/z (M+H)+=333.1590 (Calculated for C19H19N5O=333.1590).
Method A. 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 9.64 (s, 1H), 8.93 (br.s, 2H), 8.62 (s, 1H), 7.64 (dd, J=8.4, 7.5 Hz, 1H), 7.43 (s, 1H), 7.25 (dd, J=7.5, 0.7 Hz, 1H), 7.19 (d, J=5.6 Hz, 1H), 6.58 (dd, J=8.4, 0.7 Hz, 1H), 4.34-4.30 (m, 1H), 4.01 (s, 3H), 3.32-3.26 (m, 1H), 3.17-3.03 (m, 2H), 2.08 (s, 6H), 2.00-1.90 (m, 2H); LC/MS: Method 1, retention time: 2.872 min; HRMS: m/z (M+H)+=403.2121 (Calculated for C22H25N7O=403.2121).
Method A. 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 9.58 (s, 1H), 8.87-8.81 (br.m, 2H), 8.34 (d, J=2.6 Hz, 1H), 8.12 (s, 2H), 8.02 (dd, J=10.5, 9.7 Hz, 1H), 7.42 (s, 1H), 7.25 (d, J=8 Hz, 1H), 4.63-4.60 (m, 1H), 4.11 (s, 3H), 3.38-3.26 (m, 2H), 3.24-3.16 (m, 1H), 3.14-3.06 (m, 1H), 2.17-2.01 (m, 2H); LC/MS: Method 1, retention time: 2.872 min; HRMS: m/z (M+H)+=411.1619 (Calculated for C20H19F2N7O=411.1619).
Method A. 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 9.98 (s, 1H), 8.50 (s, 1H), 8.15 (br.s, 2H), 7.59 (dd, J=8.4, 7.4 Hz, 1H), 7.38 (s, 1H), 7.23 (s, 1H), 7.15 (dd, J=7.4, 0.7 Hz, 1H), 7.10-7.08 (m, 1H), 6.97 (s, 1H), 6.56 (d, J=8.3 Hz, 1H), 4.09 (s, 3H), 4.00 (s, 1H), 3.19-3.16 (m, 2H), 2.59-2.52 (m, 2H), 2.08-2.04 (m, 2H), 1.68-1.59 (m, 3H); LC/MS: Method 1, retention time: 2.943 min; HRMS: m/z (M+H)+=389.1964 (Calculated for C21H23N7O=389.1964).
Method D.
Used for the synthesis of compound I-32.
An oven dried microwave vial was charged with 3-(6-bromopyridin-2-yl)-6-chloro-7-methoxyimidazo[1,2-a]pyridine (100 mg, 0.30 mmol), tert-butyl 3-hydroxypyrrolidine-1-carboxylate (332 mg, 1.77 mmol), copper(I) iodide (14 mg, 0.07 mmol), cesium carbonate (722 mg, 2.22 mmol) and 3,4,7,8-tetramethyl-1,10-phenanthroline (35 mg, 0.15 mmol). Toluene (0.83 mL) was added and the vial was purged with nitrogen. The vial was sonicated before subjecting to microwave irradiation at 120° C. for 3 h. The mixture was diluted with DCM (20 mL) and H2O (20 mL). The layers were separated and the aqueous layer was extracted with (3×20 mL) DCM. The organic extracts were combined and washed with brine (1×20 mL), dried over sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The crude residue was then purified via ISCO chromatography (70-100% EtOAc/hexanes) to deliver product (67 mg, 51%) as an off-white solid.
Method D. 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 9.74 (s, 1H), 9.27 (br.s, 1H), 9.04 (br.s, 1H), 8.58 (s, 1H), 8.14 (s, 2H), 7.95 (t, J=7.9 Hz, 1H), 7.67 (d, J=7.5 Hz, 1H), 7.44 (s, 1H), 6.88 (d, J=8.2 Hz, 1H), 5.78-5.75 (m, 1H), 4.10 (s, 3H), 3.55-3.51 (m, 1H), 3.37-3.30 (m, 2H), 2.34-2.29 (m, 1H), 2.19-2.09 (m, 1H); LC/MS: Method 1, retention time: 2.812 min; HRMS: m/z (M+H)+=376.1648 (Calculated for C20H20N6O2=376.1648).
Method A. 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 9.92 (s, 1H), 8.94 (br.s, 1H), 8.81 (br.s, 1H), 8.53 (s, 1H), 8.09 (s, 2H), 7.75 (dd, J=8.6, 7.5 Hz, 1H), 7.39 (s, 1H), 7.29 (d, J=7.5 Hz, 1H), 7.24 (s, 1H), 7.11 (s, 1H), 6.98 (s, 1H), 6.84 (d, J=8.6 Hz, 1H), 5.30-5.26 (m, 1H), 4.09 (s, 3H), 3.20-3.17 (m, 1H), 3.03 (s, 3H), 3.00-2.93 (m, 1H), 2.23-2.15 (m, 1H), 2.10-2.02 (m, 1H); LC/MS: Method 1, retention time: 3.014 min; HRMS: m/z (M+H)+=389.1964 (Calculated for C21H23N7O=389.1964).
Method E.
Used for the synthesis of compound I-41.
A microwave vial equipped with a stir bar was charged with 3-(6-bromopyridin-2-yl)-6-chloro-7-methoxyimidazo[1,2-a]pyridine (85 mg, 0.25 mmol), 4-methylbenzenesulfonic acid hydrate (239 mg, 1.3 mmol) and lithium chloride (53 mg, 1.3 mmol). DMF (1.3 mL) was then added and the vial was subjected to microwave irradiation at 120° C. for 2 h. The crude mixture was purified by reverse phase ISCO chromatography (1-100% acetonitrile/H2O) to deliver product (24 mg, 29%) as an off-white solid.
A 25 mL round bottomed flask, equipped with a stir bar, was charged with 3-(6-bromopyridin-2-yl)-6-chloroimidazo[1,2-a]pyridine-7-ol (70 mg, 0.22 mmol), di-tert-butyl azodicarboxylate (89 mg, 0.39 mmol), 2-morpholinoethanol (51 mg, 0.39 mmol), THF (10 mL to 15 mL), and triphenylphosphine (102 mg, 0.39 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 1.5 h. The THF was removed in vacuo and the crude mixture was purified by ISCO chromatography (1-10% methanol/DCM) to deliver product (64 mg, 67%) as an off-white solid.
Method E. 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 9.93 (s, 1H), 8.99 (br.s, 1H), 8.87 (br.s, 1H), 8.49 (s, 1H), 8.16 (s, 2H), 7.62 (t, J=7.9 Hz, 1H), 7.48 (s, 1H), 7.23-7.20 (m, =2H), 6.57 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 1H), 4.64-4.55 (m, 3H), 3.78-3.12 (m, 14H), 2.18-2.09 (m, 1H), 2.06-1.98 (m, 1H); LC/MS: Method 1, retention time: 2.406 min; HRMS: m/z (M+H)+=474.2492 (Calculated for C25H30N8O2=474.2492).
Methods—Cell Culture
THP-1 cells were purchased from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC) and cultured in RPMI-1640 Medium (ATCC), 2-mercaptoethanol to a final concentration of 0.05 mM and 10% FBS. Hep G2 were purchased from ATCC and cultured in DMEM+sodium pyruvate with 10% FBS and 1% penicillin-streptomycin.
The MA9-FLT3-ITD cell line (also referred to as MLL-AF9/FLT3 ITD) is a leukemia cell line derived from CD34+ cord blood harboring both MLL-AF9 chromosomal translocation and stably expressed FLT3 ITD mutation. The MA9-FLT3-ITD cell line was provided by Dr. James Mulloy (Cincinnati Children's Hospital) and was cultured in IMDM with 20% FBS (Stemcell Technologies) and 1% penicillin-streptomy cin.
Methods—Cell Titer Glo Assay Protocol
Methods—HotSpot Assay
The HotSpot® kinase profiling and screening assays were carried out using the method of Anastassiadis et al., Nat. Biotechnol. (2011) Vol. 29, No. 11, pp. 1039-1045 (which is herein incorporated by reference in its entirety); 10 μM was the starting concentration with a 3-fold series dilution (10 doses) and the final ATP concentration was 10 μM.
Results
IC50 determinations were measured against MA9-FLT3-ITD cells using Cell Titer Glo assay (Table 3).
aThe IC50 values represent the average of three runs against MLL-AF9/FLT3-ITD cells using the Cell Titer Glo assay.
Compound I-50 (when R1 was methoxy) exhibited the best cell-killing activity for MA9-FLT3-ITD cells of the tested compounds. With regard to R2, compound I-12 and compound I-61 showed a decrease in activity compared to compound I-15. Introducing a small heterocycle at R2, such as 1-H-pyrazol-4-yl (e.g., compound I-54) slightly improved the activity. Tested compounds with substitutions at the 8-position led to a decrease of activity as shown, for example, by compound I-42; a decrease in activity is also observed for the tested compounds with substitutions at the 2- or 5-position (data not shown). The tested compounds with substitution on the pyridine ring (e.g., compounds I-55, I-56, and I-67,) led to a decreased activity analogues; small size groups like 3,5-difluoro substitution (e.g., compound I-56) appeared to show modest decrease of activity. Among the tested compounds, it was found that the compounds with either 5-membered (compound I-16) or 6-membered cyclic amine (compound I-17 and compound I-2) showed ˜2-fold improvement of potency compared to compound I-15. Compounds tested that had any derivatization of the free —NH of cyclic amine led to an apparent complete loss of cell-killing activity (data not shown).
Compound I-21 exhibited an IC50 value of 6 nM, which was almost 8-fold more potent than compound I-15. Of the compounds tested, replacing the —Cl with -ethynyl (e.g., compound I-68) resulted in slightly decreased potency. Some tested compounds included heterocycles substituted at R2 while keeping methoxy at the 7-position unchanged; the tested compounds without substitution on this heterocyclic ring (e.g., compounds I-20, I-22, I-23, I-24, and I-68) had a similar potency compared to compound I-54, while the tested compounds that had a substitution on the heterocylic ring had variable changes in activity (e.g., compounds I-25 and I-28 decreased in activity while compound I-24 increased in activity).
Of the compounds tested, replacing the pyridine ring with 3,5-difluoropyridyl (compound I-33) resulted in 10-fold decrease of potency compared to compound I-20. The tested compounds which replaced the pyridine with a phenyl (data not shown) or a 1,3-pyrimidinyl (data not shown) exhibited micromolar range potency for MA9-FLT3-ITD cells. Also, replacing the —NH linkage at 2-position of pyridine ring with either ether (compound I-32) or N-Me (compound I-31) linkage led to a loss of potency for the compounds tested. Compound I-29 (with 6-membered cyclic amine) was 3-fold less potent than compound I-20. Compound I-41 was synthesized by attaching the solubilizing group 2-(morpholino)ethoxy at the 1-position of 1H-pyrazoyl ring; compound I-41 exhibited an almost 14-fold decrease of potency compared to compound I-20.
Compounds I-2, I-22, and I-24 and quizartinib were re-tested with lower starting concentration. Compound I-24 exhibited had an IC50 value of 0.8 nM, which was 2-fold more potent than quizartinib (
Selectivity Towards FLT3 and IRAK1/4:
Utilizing the HotSpot assay, we ascertained the IC50 values for some compounds versus IRAK1, IRAK4, and FLT3 along with a panel of other kinases (Table 4).
Compounds I-2, I-22, and I-24 inhibited FLT3 and FLT3 (ITD), and also showed sub-nano molar potency for FLT3 (D835Y). Quizartinib exhibited weaker activity (IC50=108 nM), indicating compounds I-2, I-22, and I-24 might overcome the quizartinib-resistant AML cell lines carrying FLT3 point mutation in TKD. Generally, compounds I-2, I-22, and I-24 exhibited better inhibitory activities for IRAK4 than IRAK1 but compound I-24 stood out with sub-nano molar potency for IRAK4, which, without being bound by theory, might be the cause that compound I-24 is ˜27-fold more potent than compound I-2 for MA9-FLT3-ITD cells considering their similar inhibitory profiles for other 10 kinases screened. Quizartinib appeared inactive for both IRAK family kinases.
Compounds I-2, I-22, and I-24 were tested against THP-1 cells (a type of FLT3 wild type AML cells) and Hep G2 cells (a type of liver cancer cells). None of the compounds tested showed any inhibitory activity against THP-1 or Hep G2 cells even at >10 μM concentration (data not shown), suggesting high selectivity for MA9-FLT3-ITD cells and low toxicity due to off-target inhibition.
Compounds I-2, I-22, and I-24 showed subnamolar potency for both IRAK4 and FLT3, but also inhibited other kinases such as LCK, RET and PDGFRβ.
ADME Profile:
Early ADME profiling was performed using standard methods and included rat microsomal stability, PAMPA permeability and kinetic aqueous solubility. Overall, compounds I-2, I-22, and I-24 showed both good rat microsomal stability (RLM) and aqueous solubility (Table 5).
aIC50 against MLL-AF9 FLT3-ITD cells using a Cell Titer Glo Assay.
bT1/2 in rat liver microsomes (RLM) in the presence of NADPH.
cPAMPA permeability at pH 7.4.
dKinetic aqueous solubility in PBS buffer (pH 7.4) as measured by UV quanitification.
Compound I-2 also showed good PAMPA permeability. Compounds I-22 and I-24 might mitigate their PAMPA permeability through intraperitoneal (IP) administration in animal studies. Compounds I-2, I-22, and I-24 were evaluated for their in vivo pharmacokinetic properties in NRG/NRGS mice (the strain of mice to be used in our MA9-FLT3-ITD AML disease model). The compounds were dosed through IP injection at 30 mg/kg and the plasma samples were collected for analysis (Table 6).
aCompounds I-2, I-22, and I-24 were all formulated as a solution in saline.
bPlasma samples were collected at time point of 0.083, 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 7, and 24 h after dosing.
Compounds I-2, I-22, and I-24 showed good and similar in vivo pharmacokinetic properties. Compound I-24 had better plasma exposure (AUCinf.=6,800 hr*ng/mL), higher concentration in plasma (Cmax=3,570 ng/mL) and longer half-life (T1/2=4.2 hr) compared to compounds I-2 and I-22.
Kinase Assays.
For most assays, kinase-tagged T7 phage strains were prepared in an E. coli host derived from the BL21 strain. E. coli were grown to log-phase and infected with T7 phage and incubated with shaking at 32° C. until lysis. The lysates were centrifuged and filtered to remove cell debris. The remaining kinases were produced in HEK-293 cells and subsequently tagged with DNA for qPCR detection. Streptavidin-coated magnetic beads were treated with biotinylated small molecule ligands for 30 minutes at room temperature to generate affinity resins for kinase assays. The liganded beads were blocked with excess biotin and washed with blocking buffer (SeaBlock (Pierce), 1% BSA, 0.05% Tween 20, 1 mM DTT) to remove unbound ligand and to reduce non-specific binding. Binding reactions were assembled by combining kinases, liganded affinity beads, and test compounds in 1× binding buffer (20% SeaBlock, 0.17×PBS, 0.05% Tween 20, 6 mM DTT). All reactions were performed in polystyrene 96-well plates in a final volume of 0.135 ml. The assay plates were incubated at room temperature with shaking for 1 hour and the affinity beads were washed with wash buffer (1×PBS, 0.05% Tween 20). The beads were then re-suspended in elution buffer (1×PBS, 0.05% Tween 20, 0.5 μM non-biotinylated affinity ligand) and incubated at room temperature with shaking for 30 minutes. The kinase concentration in the eluates was measured by qPCR.
An 11-point 3-fold serial dilution of each test compound was prepared in 100% DMSO at 100× final test concentration and subsequently diluted to 1× in the assay (final DMSO concentration=1%). Most Kds were determined using a compound top concentration of 30,000 nM. If the initial Kd determined was <0.5 nM (the lowest concentration tested), the measurement was repeated with a serial dilution starting at a lower top concentration (Table 7).
Compounds were tested against 11 kinases. Compounds were tested in 10-dose IC50 mode with 3-fold serial dilution starting at 10 μM, and are relative to DMSO, the negative control. The positive control, Staurosporine, was tested in a 10-dose IC50 mode with 4-fold serial dilution starting at 20 μM. Reactions were carried out at 10 μM ATP.
Curve fits were performed to determine IC50 where the enzyme activities at the highest concentration of compounds were less than 65%. IC50 values less than 5.08 E−10 M or higher than 1.00E−5 M is estimated based on the best curve fitting available (Table 8 and Table 9).
General Methods:
The methods below are used in Example Set E, unless otherwise indicated.
Cell Culture:
MLL-AF9 FLT3-ITD and MLL-AF9 NRas cell lines were provided by Dr. James Mulloy (Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio) (PMID: 19277588) were cultured in Isocov's DMEM medium with 20% FBS and 1% penicillin-streptomycin. MV4;11 cell line was provided by Dr. Lee Grimes (CCHMC, Cincinnati, Ohio) were cultured in RPMI 1640 medium with 10% FBS and 1% penicillin-streptomycin. MDSL cells were provided by Dr. Kaoru Tohyama (Kawasaki Medical School, Okayama, Japan) (PMID:20130600). MDSL cells were cultured in RPMI 1640 medium with 10% FBS, 1% penicillin-streptomycin, and 10 ng/mL recombinant human Interleukin-3 (Stemcell Technologies). Human CD34+ umbilical cord blood was obtained from the Translational Research Development Support Laboratory of Cincinnati Children's Hospital under an approved Institutional Review Board protocol. These cells were maintained in StemSpan Serum-Free Expansion Media (Stemcell Techologies) supplemented with 10 ng/mL of recombinant human stem cell factor (SCF) (Stemcell Technologies), recombinant human thrombopoietin (TPO) (Stemcell Technologies), recombinant human interleukin-3 (IL-3) (Stemcell Technologies), and recombinant human interleukin-6 (IL-6) (Stemcell Technologies).
Reagents:
IRAK1/4 inhibitor (Amgen Inc.) was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (15409). AC220 was purchased from Selleckchem.
Mice:
NRGS (NOD.Rag−/−;ycnull; hIL-3, hGM-CSF, hSF) mice were provided by Dr. James Mulloy (Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio) (PMID:25762176).
Immunoblot:
Protein lysates were made by lysing cells in cold RIPA lysis buffer (50 mM Tris-HCl, 150 mM NaCl, 1 mM EDTA, 1% Titon X-100, and 0.1% SDS), in the presence of sodium orthovanadate, PMSF, and protease and phosphatase inhibitors. Protein concentration was quantified using BCA assay (Pierce). Protein lysates were separated by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (BIO-RAD), transferred to nitrocellulose membranes (BIO-RAD), and immunoblotted. The following antibodies were used for western blot analysis: GAPDH (D16H11, Cell Signaling, 1:1000 milk) FLT3 (3462, Cell Signaling, 1:1000 BSA), phospho-FLT3 (Tyr591) (3461, Cell Signaling, 1:500 BSA), IRAK4 (4363, Cell Signaling, 1:1000 BSA), phospho-IRAK4 (Thr345/Ser346) (11927, Cell Signaling, 1:500 BSA), peroxidase-conjugated AffiniPure Goat Anti-rabbit IgG (111-035-003, Jackson ImmunoResearch Laboratories, Inc., 1:10000 milk). Blots were visualized using ECL Western Blotting Substrate (Pierce) and imaged on autoradiography film (HyBlot CL) or BIO-RAD ChemiDoc Touch Imaging system.
Colony Formation:
Cells were suspended at 1000 cells/mL (MLL-AF9 FLT3-ITD, MLL-AF9 NRas, and human CD34+ cord blood) or 2000 cells/mL (MDSL) in methylcellulose (MethylCult H4434 Classic) supplemented with the indicated drug. Colonies were counted 10 days after plating.
Viability and Cell Growth:
For AnnexinV analysis cell were washed in AnnexinV Binding Buffer (eBioscience) and resuspended in AnnexinV binding buffer with AnnexinV-conjugated antibody (1:100, eBioscience). A 15-minute, room temperature incubation was followed by flow cytometric analysis. Analysis was performed using BD FACSCanto flow cytometer with Diva software. Trypan Blue (MP Biomedicals LLC) exclusion was done using an automated cell counter (BioRad TC10).
CellTiter-Glo Luminescent Viability Assay (Promega):
In a 96-well culture plate (Corning Inc. Costar), 25000 cells were plated in 200 μL media per well. In triplicate, 2 μL of the indicated inhibitor (100× in DMSO) was added to each well and cells treated with 2 μL DMSO alone was used as the control. Treated cells were incubated at 37° C. for 72 hours. In a white 96-well assay plate (Corning Inc. Costar), 100 μL of the treated cells were transferred and brought to room temperature. An equal volume of CellTiter-Glo Reagent at room temperature was added to the cells and the plate was rocked for 2 minutes, followed by 10 minutes of rest. Analysis was performed using GloMax 96 microplate Luminometer (Promega) with GloMax Software.
AlphaLISA Assay:
AlphaScreen SureFire STAT5 (pTyr694;Tyr699) Assay kit (Perkin Elmer). Assay was performed according to manufacturer protocol.
The headings used in the disclosure are not meant to suggest that all disclosure relating to the heading is found within the section that starts with that heading. Disclosure for any subject may be found throughout the specification.
It is noted that terms like “preferably,” “commonly,” and “typically” are not used herein to limit the scope of the claimed invention or to imply that certain features are critical, essential, or even important to the structure or function of the claimed invention. Rather, these terms are merely intended to highlight alternative or additional features that may or may not be utilized in a particular embodiment of the present invention.
As used in the disclosure, “a” or “an” means one or more than one, unless otherwise specified. As used in the claims, when used in conjunction with the word “comprising” the words “a” or “an” means one or more than one, unless otherwise specified. As used in the disclosure or claims, “another” means at least a second or more, unless otherwise specified. As used in the disclosure, the phrases “such as”, “for example”, and “e.g.” mean “for example, but not limited to” in that the list following the term (“such as”, “for example”, or “e.g.”) provides some examples but the list is not necessarily a fully inclusive list. The word “comprising” means that the items following the word “comprising” may include additional unrecited elements or steps; that is, “comprising” does not exclude additional unrecited steps or elements.
In certain instances, sequences disclosed herein are included in publicly-available databases, such as GENBANK® and SWISSPROT. Unless otherwise indicated or apparent the references to such publicly-available databases are references to the most recent version of the database as of the filing date of this application.
Unless otherwise indicated, all numbers expressing quantities of ingredients, properties such as reaction conditions, and so forth used in the specification and claims are to be understood as being modified in all instances by the term “about”. Accordingly, unless indicated to the contrary, the numerical parameters set forth in this specification and claims are approximations that can vary depending upon the desired properties sought to be obtained by the presently-disclosed subject matter.
As used herein, the term “about,” when referring to a value or to an amount of mass, weight, time, volume, concentration or percentage is meant to encompass variations of in some embodiments ±20%, in some embodiments ±10%, in some embodiments ±5%, in some embodiments ±1%, in some embodiments ±0.5%, and in some embodiments ±0.10% from the specified amount, as such variations are appropriate to perform the disclosed method.
Detailed descriptions of one or more embodiments are provided herein. It is to be understood, however, that the present invention may be embodied in various forms. Therefore, specific details disclosed herein (even if designated as preferred or advantageous) are not to be interpreted as limiting, but rather are to be used as an illustrative basis for the claims and as a representative basis for teaching one skilled in the art to employ the present invention in any appropriate manner. Indeed, various modifications of the invention in addition to those described herein will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the foregoing description and the accompanying figures. Such modifications are intended to fall within the scope of the appended claims.
The present application is a continuation-in-part of U.S. application Ser. No. 16/326,571, filed on Feb. 19, 2019, which is a U.S. National Stage entry under 35 U.S.C. § 371 of International Application No. PCT/US2017/047088, filed on Aug. 16, 2017, designating the United States of America and published in English on Mar. 1, 2018, which in turn claims priority to U.S. Provisional Application No. 62/375,965, filed on Aug. 17, 2016, each of which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety. The present application is also a non-provisional of and claims priority to U.S. Provisional Application No. 62/812,948, filed on Mar. 1, 2019, which application is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety.
This invention was made with government support under HL111103 awarded by the National Institutes of Health. The government has certain rights in the invention.
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 62812948 | Mar 2019 | US |
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Parent | 16326571 | US | |
| Child | 16804518 | US |
