Patent Application
20090042867
The present invention relates to substituted 1,2-ethylenediamines of general formula (I)
wherein the groups R1 to R13, A, B, L and i are defined hereinafter, including the pharmacologically acceptable salts, diastereomers, enantiomers, racemates, hydrates and solvates thereof. The invention also relates to pharmaceutical compositions containing a compound of formula I according to the invention and the use of a compound according to the invention for preparing a pharmaceutical composition for the treatment and/or prevention of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other diseases associated with abnormal processing of Amyloid Precursor Protein (APP) or aggregation of Abeta peptide, as well as diseases that can be treated or alleviated by inhibiting β-secretase. Corresponding diseases include MCI (“mild cognitive impairment”), trisomy 21 (Down's syndrome), cerebral amyloidangiopathy, degenerative dementias, hereditary cerebral haemorrhage with amyloidosis-Dutch type (HCHWA-D), Alzheimer's dementia with Lewy bodies, trauma, stroke, pancreatitis, inclusion body myositis (IBM), as well as other peripheral amyloidoses, diabetes and arteriosclerosis.
The compounds according to the invention also inhibit the aspartylprotease cathepsin D and are therefore suitable for suppressing the metastasisation of tumour cells.
This invention also relates to processes for preparing a pharmaceutical composition as well as a compound according to the invention.
EP 652 009 A1 describes inhibitors of aspartate protease which inhibit the production of beta-amyloid peptides in cell culture and in vivo.
WO 00/69262 discloses a beta-secretase and its use in assays for discovering potential active substances for the treatment of AD.
WO 01/00663 discloses memapsin 2 (human beta-secretase) and also a recombinant catalytically active enzyme. In addition, methods of identifying inhibitors of memapsin 2 are described.
WO 01/00665 discloses inhibitors of memapsin 2 for the treatment of AD.
WO 03/057721 discloses substituted aminocarboxamides for the treatment of AD.
WO 05/004802 discloses substituted benzyl-substituted N-alkyl-phenylcarboxamides for the treatment of AD.
At present there are no effective treatment methods capable of preventing, stopping or reversing AD.
The problem of the present invention is therefore to provide new substituted 1,2-ethylenediamines which inhibit the cleaving of APP (Amyloid Precursor Protein) mediated by β-secretase.
The present invention also sets out to provide physiologically acceptable salts of the compounds according to the invention with inorganic or organic acids.
A further aim of the present invention is to provide pharmaceutical compositions that contain at least one compound according to the invention or a physiologically acceptable salt according to the invention, optionally together with one or more inert carriers and/or diluents.
The present invention further relates to pharmaceutical compositions containing one or more, preferably one active substance, which is selected from among the compounds according to the invention and/or the corresponding salts, as well as one or more, preferably one further active substance, optionally in addition to one or more inert carriers and/or diluents.
A further aim of this invention relates to the use of at least one of the compounds according to the invention for inhibiting β-secretase.
The invention also sets out to provide new pharmaceutical compositions that are suitable for the treatment or prevention of diseases or conditions that are associated with an abnormal processing of Amyloid Precursor Protein (APP) or aggregation of Abeta peptide.
A further aim of this invention is to provide new pharmaceutical compositions which are suitable for the treatment or prevention of diseases or conditions that can be influenced by inhibiting the β-secretase activity.
The invention also sets out to provide new pharmaceutical compositions which are suitable for the treatment and/or prevention of Alzheimer's disease (AD) as well as other diseases associated with an abnormal processing of APP or aggregation of Abeta peptide, as well as diseases that can be treated or prevented by inhibiting β-secretase, particularly AD.
In a further aspect this invention relates to a method of inhibiting the β-secretase activity.
Further aims of the present invention will become directly apparent to the skilled man from the foregoing remarks and those that follow.
In a first aspect the present invention relates to substituted 1,2-ethylenediamines of general formula (I)
The compounds of general formula (I) according to the invention and the physiologically acceptable salts thereof have valuable pharmacological properties, particularly an inhibiting effect on β-secretase activity, particularly the β-secretase mediated cleaving of APP.
In view of the inhibitory properties of the compounds according to the invention on the Cathepsin D activity, the compounds are also suitable for suppressing the metastasisation of tumour cells.
The present invention also relates to the physiologically acceptable salts of the compounds according to the invention with inorganic or organic acids.
Therefore in another aspect the invention also relates to the use of the compounds according to the invention, including the physiologically acceptable salts thereof, as medicaments.
The invention further relates to pharmaceutical compositions containing at least one compound according to the invention or a physiologically acceptable salt according to the invention, optionally together with one or more inert carriers and/or diluents.
This invention further relates to pharmaceutical compositions, containing one or more, preferably one active substance which is selected from among the compounds according to the invention and/or the corresponding salts, as well as one or more, preferably one active substance, for example selected from among beta-secretase inhibitors; gamma-secretase inhibitors; amyloid aggregation inhibitors such as e.g. Alzhemed; directly or indirectly acting neuroprotective substances; antioxidants such as e.g. Vitamin E or ginkgolides; anti-inflammatory substances such as e.g. Cox inhibitors, NSAIDs with additionally or only Aβ lowering properties; HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (statins); acetylcholinesterase inhibitors such as donepezil, rivastigmine, tacrine, galantamine; NMDA receptor antagonists such as e.g. memantine; AMPA agonists; substances that modulate the concentration or release of neurotransmitters such as NS-2330; substances that induce the secretion of growth hormone such as ibutamoren mesylate and capromorelin; CB-1 receptor antagonists or inverse agonists; antibiotics such as minocycline or rifampicin; PDE-IV and PDE-IX inhibitors, GABAA inverse agonists, nicotine agonists, histamine H3 antagonists, 5 HT-4 agonists or partial agonists, 5HT-6 antagonists, a2-adrenoreceptor antagonists, muscarinic M1 agonists, muscarinic M2 antagonists, metabotropic glutamate-receptor 5 positive modulators, as well as other substances that modulate receptors or enzymes in a manner such that the efficacy and/or safety of the compounds according to the invention is increased and/or unwanted side effects are reduced, optionally together with one or more inert carriers and/or diluents.
This invention further relates to pharmaceutical compositions, containing one or more, preferably one active substance, which is selected from among the compounds according to the invention and/or the corresponding salts, as well as one or more, preferably one active substance, selected from among Alzhemed, Vitamin E, ginkgolides, donepezil, rivastigmine, tacrine, galantamine, memantine, NS-2330, ibutamoren mesylate, capromorelin, minocycline and/or rifampicin, optionally together with one or more inert carriers and/or diluents.
This invention further relates to the use of at least one of the compounds according to the invention for inhibiting β-secretase.
This invention also relates to the use of at least one compound according to the invention or a physiologically acceptable salt of such a compound for preparing a pharmaceutical composition which is suitable for the treatment or prevention of diseases or conditions that are associated with abnormal processing of Amyloid Precursor Protein (APP) or aggregation of Abeta peptide.
This invention also relates to the use of at least one compound according to the invention or a physiologically acceptable salt of such a compound for preparing a pharmaceutical composition which is suitable for the treatment or prevention of diseases or conditions that can be influenced by inhibiting the β-secretase activity.
This invention further relates to the use of at least one compound according to the invention or a pharmaceutical composition according to the invention for preparing a pharmaceutical composition that is suitable for the treatment and/or prevention of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other diseases associated with abnormal processing of Amyloid Precursor Protein (APP) or aggregation of Abeta peptide, as well as diseases that can be treated or alleviated by inhibiting β-secretase, particularly AD. Corresponding diseases include MCI (“mild cognitive impairment”), trisomy 21 (Down's syndrome), cerebral amyloidangiopathy, degenerative dementias, hereditary cerebral haemorrhage with amyloidosis-Dutch type (HCHWA-D), Alzheimer's dementia with Lewy bodies, trauma, stroke, pancreatitis, inclusion body myositis (IBM), as well as other peripheral amyloidoses, diabetes and arteriosclerosis.
This invention further relates to a method of inhibiting β-secretase activity, characterised in that β-secretase is brought into contact with an inhibitory amount of one of the compounds according to the invention.
Further subjects of the invention will become apparent to the skilled man in an obvious manner from the foregoing and following description of the invention.
Unless otherwise stated, the groups, residues and substituents R1 to R13, A, B, L and i have the meanings given hereinbefore and hereinafter.
If residues, substituents or groups occur more than once in a compound, they may have the same or different meanings.
In a preferred embodiment of the compounds of the present invention the group
denotes a 5- or 6-membered aromatic heteroaryl group which contains 1, 2 or 3 heteroatoms selected from N, O and S.
In another preferred embodiment the group
has the following meanings:
In a more preferred embodiment of the compounds of the present invention the group
denotes a 5- or 6-membered aromatic heteroaryl group which contains 1 or 2 heteroatoms selected from N, O and S, wherein at most one O or S atom may be present.
In a particularly preferred embodiment of the compounds of the present invention the group
denotes a thienyl, thiazolyl, pyrazolyl or a pyridyl group, while the thienyl, particularly the 3-thienyl, the thiazolyl, particularly the 2-thiazolyl and the pyridyl group, particularly the 2-pyridyl and the 3-pyridyl group, are regarded as being particularly preferred.
Preferably the substituent L in each case independently denotes hydrogen, fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, hydroxy, carboxy, cyano, nitro, F3C, HF2C, FH2C, C1-6-alkyl, C2-6-alkenyl, C2-6-alkynyl, C3-7-cycloalkyl, C3-7-cycloalkyl-C1-3-alkyl, aryl, aryl-C1-3-alkyl, heterocyclyl, heterocyclyl-C1-3-alkyl, heteroaryl, heteroaryl-C1-3-alkyl, R13—O, R13—O—C1-3-alkyl, (R12)2N, (R12)2N—CO, R12—CO—(R12)N, (R12)2N—CO—(R12)N, (R12)2N—SO2, R12—SO2—(R12)N or C1-3-alkyl-SO2, wherein the above mentioned groups may optionally be substituted independently of one another by one or more groups selected from among fluorine, chlorine, bromine, hydroxy, oxo, carboxy, cyano, nitro, F3C, HF2C, FH2C, hydroxy-C1-3-alkyl, C1-3-alkyl, C1-3-alkoxy, (R12)2N, (R12)2N—C1-3-alkyl- and (R12)2N—CO—.
Particularly preferably the substituent L in each case independently denotes hydrogen, fluorine, chlorine, bromine, cyano, hydroxy, C1-6-alkyl, C1-6-alkoxy, C3-7-cycloalkyl, C3-7-cycloalkyl-C1-3-alkyl, phenyl, (R12)2N, (R12)2N—CO, R12—CO—(R12)N, (R12)2N—CO—(R12)N, R12—SO2—(R12)N or (R12)2N—SO2, wherein the above mentioned groups may optionally be substituted by one or more fluorine atoms.
Most particularly preferred meanings for the substituent L are in each case independently of one another hydrogen, fluorine, chlorine, bromine, hydroxy, C1-4-alkyl or C1-4-alkoxy, wherein the above mentioned groups may optionally be substituted by one or more fluorine atoms.
Particularly preferred meanings for the substituent L are in each case independently of one another hydrogen, fluorine, chlorine, trifluoromethyl, trifluoromethoxy, methyl and methoxy.
Preferably the index i may assume the values 0, 1 or 2. In particularly preferred embodiments the value of the index i is 0 or 1.
In a preferred embodiment of the compounds according to the invention the group B denotes a C1-4-alkylene bridge, which may optionally be substituted independently of one another by one or more groups selected from among fluorine, hydroxy, carboxy, cyano, nitro, F3C, HF2C, FH2C, C1-4-alkyl, C3-7-cycloalkyl, C3-7-cycloalkyl-C1-3-alkyl, heterocyclyl, heterocyclyl-C1-3-alkyl, aryl, aryl-C1-3-alkyl, heteroaryl, heteroaryl-C1-3-alkyl, R13—O, (R12)2N—SO2— and (R12)2N—, and wherein two C1-4-alkyl groups bound to the same carbon atom of the C1-4-alkylene bridge may be joined together, forming a C3-7-cycloalkyl group, and wherein the above mentioned groups and the C3-7-cycloalkyl group formed from the C1-4-alkyl groups may optionally be substituted independently of one another by one or more groups selected from among fluorine, chlorine, bromine, hydroxy, carboxy, cyano, F3C, C1-3-alkyl, C1-3-alkoxy and R13—O—C1-3-alkyl.
Particularly preferably the group B denotes a C1-4-alkylene bridge, while the C1-4-alkylene bridge may optionally be substituted independently of one another by one or more groups selected from among fluorine, C1-4-alkyl, phenyl or benzyl, and wherein two C1-4-alkyl groups bound to the same carbon atom of the C1-4-alkylene bridge may be joined together forming a C3-6-cycloalkyl group, and wherein the above mentioned groups and the C3-6-cycloalkyl group formed from the C1-4-alkyl groups may optionally be substituted independently of one another by one or more groups selected from among fluorine, hydroxy and C1-3-alkoxy.
In a most particularly preferred embodiment B is a C1-2-alkylene bridge, wherein the C1-2-alkylene bridge may optionally be substituted by one or more C1-4-alkyl groups, and wherein two C1-4-alkyl groups bound to the same carbon atom of the C1-2-alkylene bridge may be joined together to form a cyclopropyl group, and wherein one or more hydrogen atoms of the above mentioned C1-2-alkylene bridge and/or the C1-4-alkyl groups and/or the cyclopropyl group formed therefrom may optionally be replaced by one or more fluorine atoms.
Also most particularly preferred are the compounds according to the invention wherein the group B is selected from among
wherein one or more hydrogen atoms may optionally be replaced by fluorine.
Particularly preferred are those compounds according to the invention, wherein the group B is selected from among
wherein one or more hydrogen atoms may optionally be replaced by fluorine.
Another preferred embodiment encompasses those compounds according to the invention wherein the partial formula (II)
is selected from among
In the compounds of formula (I) according to the invention the group R1 is preferably selected from among hydrogen, C1-6-alkyl, C2-6-alkenyl, C2-6-alkynyl, C3-7-cycloalkyl, C3-7-cycloalkyl-C1-3-alkyl, heterocyclyl, heterocyclyl-C1-3-alkyl, aryl, aryl-C1-3-alkyl, heteroaryl or heteroaryl-C1-3-alkyl,
wherein the above mentioned groups may optionally be substituted independently of one another by one or more groups selected from among fluorine, chlorine, bromine, hydroxy, carboxy, cyano, nitro, F3C, C1-3-alkyl, C1-3-alkoxy- and hydroxy-C1-3-alkyl.
Particularly preferred are those groups R1 selected from among hydrogen, C1-4-alkyl, C3-4-alkenyl, C3-6-cycloalkyl, C3-6-cycloalkyl-C1-3-alkyl,
wherein the above mentioned groups may optionally be substituted independently of one another by one or more groups selected from among fluorine, hydroxy and C1-3-alkoxy.
Most particularly preferred are the groups R1 selected from among hydrogen or C1-4-alkyl, wherein the C1-4-alkyl group may be substituted by one or more fluorine atoms.
Particularly preferred are those compounds according to the invention wherein R1 is hydrogen.
In the compounds of formula (I) according to the invention the group R2 is preferably selected from among C1-6-alkyl, C2-6-alkenyl, C2-6-alkynyl, C1-6-alkoxy-C1-3-alkyl, C1-6-alkyl-S—C1-3-alkyl, C3-7-cycloalkyl, C3-7-cycloalkyl-C1-3-alkyl, heterocyclyl, heterocyclyl-C1-3-alkyl, aryl, aryl-C1-3-alkyl, heteroaryl or heteroaryl-C1-3-alkyl, wherein the above mentioned groups may optionally be substituted independently of one another by one or more groups selected from among fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, F3C, HF2C, FH2C, hydroxy, carboxy, cyano, nitro, C1-3-alkyl, (R12)2N, (R12)2N—SO2, R12—CO—(R12)N, R12—SO2(R12)N, (R12)2N—C1-3-alkyl, (R12)2N—CO, R13—O and R13—O—C1-3-alkyl.
Particularly preferred groups R2 are groups selected from among C1-6-alkyl, C2-6-alkynyl, C3-6-cycloalkyl-C1-3-alkyl, heterocyclyl-C1-3-alkyl, phenyl, phenyl-C1-3-alkyl, heteroaryl or heteroaryl-C1-3-alkyl, wherein by the above mentioned heteroaryl groups are meant 5- or 6-membered aromatic heteroaryl groups which contain 1, 2 or 3 heteroatoms selected from among N, O and S and wherein the above mentioned groups may optionally be substituted independently of one another by one or more groups selected from among fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, cyano, hydroxy, C1-3-alkyl, F3C, HF2C, FH2C, H2N— and C1-3-alkoxy.
Most particularly preferred are those groups R2 which are selected from among n-propyl, n-butyl, 2-propynyl, 2-butynyl, cyclohexylmethyl, cyclopentylmethyl, benzyl, 2-phenylethyl, pyridylmethyl, furanylmethyl, thienylmethyl or thiazolylmethyl,
wherein the above mentioned propyl, butyl, propynyl, butynyl, cyclohexylmethyl and cyclopentylmethyl groups may optionally be substituted by one or more fluorine atoms and the benzyl, 2-phenylethyl, pyridylmethyl, furanylmethyl, thienylmethyl or thiazolylmethyl groups may optionally be substituted independently of one another by one or more groups selected from among fluorine, chlorine, bromine, methyl, F3C, HF2C, FH2C— and H2N.
Particularly preferred are those groups R2 which are selected from among benzyl, pyridyl methyl, particularly 2-pyridylmethyl-thienylmethyl, particularly 3-thienylmethyl and thiazolylmethyl, particularly 4-thiazolylmethyl.
In the compounds of formula (I) according to the invention the group R3 is preferably hydrogen, fluorine, methyl, F3C, HF2C or FH2C— and particularly preferably R3 is hydrogen.
The group R4 is preferably hydrogen or fluorine, particularly preferably hydrogen.
In a particularly preferred embodiment of the compounds according to the invention the group R3 is selected from among hydrogen, fluorine, methyl, F3C, HF2C or FH2C— and the group R4 is hydrogen or fluorine.
In a most particularly preferred embodiment of the compounds according to the invention the groups R3 and R4 are hydrogen.
In the compounds of formula (I) according to the invention the group R5 is preferably selected from among hydrogen, C1-6-alkyl, C2-6-alkenyl, C2-6-alkynyl, C3-7-cycloalkyl, C3-7-cycloalkyl-C1-3-alkyl, C3-7-cycloalkenyl, C3-7-cycloalkenyl-C1-3-alkyl, heterocyclyl, heterocyclyl-C1-3-alkyl, aryl, aryl-C1-3-alkyl, heteroaryl, or heteroaryl-C1-3-alkyl, wherein the above mentioned groups may optionally be substituted independently of one another by one or more groups selected from among fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, hydroxy, carboxy, cyano, nitro, C1-3-alkyl, C1-3-alkoxy, C1-3-alkyl-S, aryl, heteroaryl, heteroaryl-C1-3-alkyl, aryl-C1-3-alkyl, (R12)2N—SO2, (R12)2N, (R12)2N—C1-3-alkyl and (R12)2N—CO.
Particularly preferred groups R5 are selected from among C1-6-alkyl, cyclopropyl, C3-6-cycloalkyl-C1-3-alkyl or phenyl-C1-3-alkyl, wherein the above mentioned groups may optionally be substituted independently of one another by one or more groups selected from among fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, cyano, hydroxy, carboxy, C1-4-alkyl, C1-4-alkoxy and (R12)2N.
Most particularly preferably R5 is a C1-4-alkyl or cyclopropyl group, wherein one or more hydrogen atoms of the above mentioned groups may optionally be replaced by fluorine atoms. Of the particularly preferred C1-4-alkyl groups the n-butyl group is particularly preferred.
In the compounds of formula (I) according to the invention the group R6 is preferably selected from among hydrogen, C1-6-alkyl, C2-6-alkenyl, C2-6-alkynyl, C3-7-cycloalkyl, C3-7-cycloalkyl-C1-3-alkyl, C3-7-cycloalkenyl, C3-7-cycloalkenyl-C1-3-alkyl, heterocyclyl, heterocyclyl-C1-3-alkyl, aryl, aryl-C1-3-alkyl, heteroaryl or heteroaryl-C1-3-alkyl, wherein the above mentioned groups may optionally be substituted independently of one another by one or more groups selected from among fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, hydroxy, carboxy, cyano, nitro, C1-3-alkyl, C3-6-cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, heterocyclyl-C1-3-alkyl, aryl, aryl-C1-3-alkyl, heteroaryl, heteroaryl-C1-3-alkyl, (R12)2N, (R12)2N—C1-3-alkyl, (R12)2N—CO, (R12)2N—CO—N(R12), (R12)2N—SO2, R13—O and R13—O—C1-3-alkyl, R13—S— and R13—S—C1-3-alkyl.
Particularly preferred groups R6 are groups selected from among hydrogen, C1-6-alkyl, C2-6-alkenyl, C2-6-alkynyl, C3-6-cycloalkyl, C3-6-cycloalkyl-C1-3-alkyl, heterocyclyl, heterocyclyl-C1-3-alkyl, phenyl, phenyl-C1-3-alkyl, heteroaryl or heteroaryl-C1-3-alkyl,
wherein by the above-mentioned heteroaryl groups are meant 5- or 6-membered aromatic heteroaryl groups which contain 1, 2 or 3 heteroatoms selected from among N, O and S, and
wherein the above mentioned groups may optionally be substituted independently of one another by one or more groups selected from among fluorine, chlorine, bromine, carboxy, hydroxy, cyano, C1-3-alkyl, C1-3-alkoxy, C1-3-alkoxy-C1-3-alkyl, C1-3-alkyl-S, C1-3-alkyl-S—C1-3-alkyl, hydroxy-C1-3-alkyl, C3-7-cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, heterocyclyl-C1-3-alkyl, aryl, (R12)2N, (R12)2N—C1-3-alkyl, (R12)2N—CO—N(R12) and (R12)2N—SO2—.
Most particularly preferred are those groups R6 which are selected from among hydrogen, C1-6-alkyl, C2-6-alkenyl, C3-6-cycloalkyl, C3-5-cycloalkyl-C1-3-alkyl, cyclopentyl-C1-3-alkyl, phenyl-C1-3-alkyl or tetrahydropyranyl-C1-3-alkyl, wherein the above mentioned groups may optionally be substituted independently of one another by one or more groups selected from among fluorine, pyrrolidin-1-ylmethyl, hydroxy, cyano, C1-3-alkyl, C1-3-alkoxy, C1-3-alkyl-S, hydroxy-C1-3-alkyl, (R12)2N, (R12)2N—C1-3-alkyl, (R12)2N—CO—N(R12) and (R12)2N—SO2—.
Particularly preferred as the group R6 is a C1-6-alkyl, cyclopropyl-C1-3-alkyl or phenyl-C1-3-alkyl group, while the phenyl group may optionally be substituted by an amino group such as e.g. a cyclopropylmethyl or 4-amino-phenylmethyl group.
In the compounds of formula (I) according to the invention the group R7 is preferably selected from among hydrogen or C1-4-alkyl, wherein one or more hydrogen atoms of the C1-4-alkyl group may be replaced by fluorine. Particularly preferred are those compounds wherein R7 denotes a hydrogen atom.
In the compounds of formula (I) according to the invention the group R8 is preferably selected from among hydrogen, fluorine, chlorine, bromine, cyano, C1-6-alkyl, C2-6-alkenyl, C2-6-alkynyl, C3-7-cycloalkyl, C3-7-cycloalkyl-C1-3-alkyl, heterocyclyl, heterocyclyl-C1-3-alkyl, C3-7-cycloalkenyl, aryl, aryl-C1-3-alkyl, heteroaryl, heteroaryl-C1-3-alkyl, R13—O, R13—O—C1-3-alkyl, R10—SO2—(R11)N or R10—CO—(R11)N,
wherein the above mentioned groups may optionally be substituted independently of one another by one or more groups selected from among C1-6-alkyl, C1-6-alkoxy, fluorine, chlorine, bromine, hydroxy, oxo, carboxy, cyano, nitro, (R12)2N, (R12)2N—CO, R12—CO—(R12)N, (R12)2N—CO—(R12)N, (R12)2N—SO2, (R12)2N—SO2—(R12)N, F3C, HF2C, FH2C, F3C—O, HF2C—O, FH2C—O or R12—SO2—(R12)N.
Particularly preferred groups R8 are groups selected from among hydrogen, fluorine, chlorine, bromine, cyano, C1-4-alkyl, C1-4-alkoxy, C3-6-cycloalkyl, C3-6-cycloalkyl-oxy, C3-6-cycloalkyl-C1-3-alkoxy, phenyl, pyridyl, thienyl, furyl, R10—CO—(R11)N or R10—SO2—(R11)N, wherein the above mentioned groups may optionally be substituted independently of one another by one or more groups selected from among fluorine, chlorine, bromine, carboxy, cyano, C1-4-alkyl, C1-4-alkoxy, F3C, HF2C, FH2C, F3C—O, HF2C—O, FH2C—O and (R12)2N—CO—.
In a most particularly preferred embodiment of the compounds according to the invention the group R8 has the meaning R10—SO2—(R11)N or R10—CO—(R11)N—.
Preferred groups R9 are each independently selected from among hydrogen, fluorine, chlorine, bromine, methyl, F2HC, FH2C or F3C, of which the groups hydrogen, fluorine, chlorine or bromine are particularly preferred and the hydrogen group is most preferred.
Also preferred are those compounds according to the invention wherein R8 is selected from among hydrogen, fluorine, chlorine, bromine, cyano, C1-6-alkyl, C2-6-alkenyl, C2-6-alkynyl, C3-7-cycloalkyl, C3-7-cycloalkyl-C1-3-alkyl, heterocyclyl, heterocyclyl-C1-3-alkyl, C3-7-cycloalkenyl, aryl, aryl-C1-3-alkyl, heteroaryl, heteroaryl-C1-3-alkyl, R13—O, R13—O—C1-3-alkyl, R10—SO2—(R11)N or R10—CO—(R11)N, wherein the above mentioned groups may optionally be substituted independently of one another by one or more groups selected from among C1-6-alkyl, C1-6-alkoxy, fluorine, chlorine, bromine, hydroxy, oxo, carboxy, cyano, nitro, (R12)2N, (R12)2N—CO, R12—CO—(R12)N, (R12)2N—CO—(R12)N, (R12)2N—SO2, (R12)2N—SO2—(R12)N, F3C, HF2C, FH2C, F3C—O, HF2C—O, FH2C—O or R12—SO2—(R12)N—, and R9 in each case independently of one another denotes hydrogen, fluorine, chlorine, bromine, methyl, F2HC, FH2C or F3C.
Particularly preferred are those compounds according to the invention wherein R8 is selected from among hydrogen, fluorine, chlorine, bromine, cyano, C1-4-alkyl, C1-4-alkoxy, C3-6-cycloalkyl, C3-6-cycloalkyl-oxy, C3-6-cycloalkyl-C1-3-alkoxy, phenyl, pyridyl, thienyl, furyl, R10—CO—(R11)N or R10—SO2—(R11)N, wherein the above mentioned groups may optionally be substituted independently of one another by one or more groups selected from among fluorine, chlorine, bromine, carboxy, cyano, C1-4-alkyl, C1-4-alkoxy, F3C, HF2C, FH2C, F3C—O, HF2C—O, FH2C—O and (R12)2N—CO, and R9 in each case independently of one another denotes hydrogen, fluorine, chlorine or bromine.
Most particularly preferred are those compounds according to the invention wherein the group R8 denotes a R10—SO2—(R11)N or R10—CO—(R11)N group, and R9 in each case independently of one another denotes hydrogen, fluorine, chlorine or bromine, particularly preferably hydrogen.
In the compounds of formula (I) according to the invention the group R10 is preferably selected from among C1-6-alkyl, C2-6-alkenyl, C2-6-alkynyl, C3-7-cycloalkyl, C3-7-cycloalkyl-C1-3-alkyl, C3-7-cycloalkenyl, C3-7-cycloalkenyl-C1-3-alkyl, heterocyclyl, heterocyclyl-C1-3-alkyl, aryl, aryl-C1-3-alkyl, heteroaryl, heteroaryl-C1-3-alkyl or (R12)2N, wherein the above mentioned groups may optionally be substituted by one or more groups selected from among fluorine, chlorine, bromine, hydroxy, carboxy, cyano, nitro, C1-3-alkyl, heterocyclyl, heterocyclyl-C1-3-alkyl, C1-3-alkoxy, hydroxy-C1-3-alkyl, R12—CO(R12)N, R12—SO2(R12)N, (R12)2N, (R12)2N—C1-3-alkyl and (R12)2N—CO.
Particularly preferred groups R10 are groups selected from among C1-6-alkyl, heterocyclyl, phenyl, phenyl-C1-3-alkyl, heteroaryl, heteroaryl-C1-3-alkyl or (R12)2N, wherein by the above mentioned heteroaryl groups are meant 5- or 6-membered aromatic heteroaryl groups which contain 1, 2 or 3 heteroatoms selected from among N, O and S and wherein the above mentioned groups may optionally be substituted independently of one another by one or more groups selected from among fluorine, chlorine, bromine, hydroxy, cyano, C1-3-alkyl, C1-3-alkoxy, heterocyclyl, heterocyclyl-C1-3-alkyl, hydroxy-C1-3-alkyl, (R12)2N and (R12)2N—C1-3-alkyl.
Most particularly preferred groups R10 are groups selected from among C1-4-alkyl, particularly methyl or ethyl, morpholinyl, piperidinyl, 4-methylpiperidinyl, pyrrolidinyl, phenyl, benzyl, 4-fluorophenyl, pyridyl and (CH3)2N, wherein the above mentioned groups may optionally be substituted independently of one another by one or more groups selected from among fluorine, chlorine and bromine.
In the compounds of formula (I) according to the invention the group R11 is preferably selected from among hydrogen, C1-6-alkyl, C2-6-alkenyl, C2-6-alkynyl, C3-7-cycloalkyl, C3-7-cycloalkyl-C1-3-alkyl, heterocyclyl, heterocyclyl-C1-3-alkyl, aryl, aryl-C1-3-alkyl, heteroaryl or heteroaryl-C1-3-alkyl,
wherein the above mentioned groups may optionally be substituted independently of one another by one or more groups selected from among fluorine, chlorine, bromine, hydroxy, cyano, C1-3-alkyl, C1-3-alkoxy, hydroxy-C1-3-alkyl, heterocyclyl, heterocyclyl-C1-3-alkyl, (R12)2N and (R12)2N—C1-3-alkyl.
Particularly preferred groups R11 are groups selected from among hydrogen, C1-6-alkyl, C3-6-cycloalkyl, C3-6-cycloalkyl-C1-3-alkyl, heterocyclyl, heterocyclyl-C1-3-alkyl, phenyl, phenyl-C1-3-alkyl, heteroaryl or heteroaryl-C1-3-alkyl, while by the above-mentioned heteroaryl groups are meant 5- or 6-membered aromatic heteroaryl groups which contain 1, 2 or 3 heteroatoms selected from among N, O and S and
wherein the above mentioned groups may optionally be substituted independently of one another by one or more groups selected from among fluorine, chlorine, bromine, hydroxy, cyano, C1-3-alkyl, C1-3-alkoxy, hydroxy-C1-3-alkyl, heterocyclyl, heterocyclyl-C1-3-alkyl, (R12)2N and (R12)2N—C1-3-alkyl.
Most particularly preferred groups R11 are groups selected from among hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, phenyl and 4-fluorophenyl, wherein the above mentioned groups may optionally be substituted independently of one another by one or more groups selected from among fluorine, chlorine and bromine.
Also preferred according to the invention are those compounds wherein R10 is selected from among C1-6-alkyl, C2-6-alkenyl, C2-6-alkynyl, C3-7-cycloalkyl, C3-7-cycloalkyl-C1-3-alkyl, C3-7-cycloalkenyl, C3-7-cycloalkenyl-C1-3-alkyl, heterocyclyl, heterocyclyl-C1-3-alkyl, aryl, aryl-C1-3-alkyl, heteroaryl, heteroaryl-C1-3-alkyl or (R12)2N, wherein the above mentioned groups may optionally be substituted by one or more groups selected from among fluorine, chlorine, bromine, hydroxy, carboxy, cyano, nitro, C1-3-alkyl, heterocyclyl, heterocyclyl-C1-3-alkyl, C1-3-alkoxy, hydroxy-C1-3-alkyl, R12—CO(R12)N, R12—SO2(R12)N, (R12)2N, (R12)2N—C1-3-alkyl and (R12)2N—CO, and R11 is selected from among hydrogen, hydrogen, C1-6-alkyl, C2-6-alkenyl, C2-6-alkynyl, C3-7-cycloalkyl, C3-7-cycloalkyl-C1-3-alkyl, heterocyclyl, heterocyclyl-C1-3-alkyl, aryl, aryl-C1-3-alkyl, heteroaryl or heteroaryl-C1-3-alkyl, wherein the above mentioned groups may optionally be substituted independently of one another by one or more groups selected from among fluorine, chlorine, bromine, hydroxy, cyano, C1-3-alkyl, C1-3-alkoxy, hydroxy-C1-3-alkyl, heterocyclyl, heterocyclyl-C1-3-alkyl, (R12)2N and (R12)2N—C1-3-alkyl.
Also particularly preferred are compounds wherein R10 is selected from among C1-6-alkyl, heterocyclyl, phenyl, phenyl-C1-3-alkyl, heteroaryl, heteroaryl-C1-3-alkyl or (R12)2N, wherein by the above mentioned heteroaryl groups are meant 5- or 6-membered aromatic heteroaryl groups which contain 1, 2 or 3 heteroatoms selected from among N, O and S and wherein the above mentioned groups may optionally be substituted independently of one another by one or more groups selected from among fluorine, chlorine, bromine, hydroxy, cyano, C1-3-alkyl, C1-3-alkoxy, heterocyclyl, heterocyclyl-C1-3-alkyl, hydroxy-C1-3-alkyl, (R12)2N and (R12)2N—C1-3-alkyl, and R11 is selected from among hydrogen, C1-6-alkyl, C3-6-cycloalkyl, C3-6-cycloalkyl-C1-3-alkyl, heterocyclyl, heterocyclyl-C1-3-alkyl, phenyl, phenyl-C1-3-alkyl, heteroaryl or heteroaryl-C1-3-alkyl, while by the above-mentioned heteroaryl groups are meant 5- or 6-membered aromatic heteroaryl groups which contain 1, 2 or 3 heteroatoms selected from among N, O and S and wherein the above mentioned groups may optionally be substituted independently of one another by one or more groups selected from among fluorine, chlorine, bromine, hydroxy, cyano, C1-3-alkyl, C1-3-alkoxy, hydroxy-C1-3-alkyl, heterocyclyl, heterocyclyl-C1-3-alkyl, (R12)2N and (R12)2N—C1-3-alkyl.
Also particularly preferred are compounds wherein R10 is selected from among C1-4-alkyl, particularly methyl or ethyl, morpholinyl, piperidinyl, 4-methylpiperidinyl, pyrrolidinyl, phenyl, 4-fluorophenyl, benzyl, pyridyl and (CH3)2N, wherein the above mentioned groups may optionally be substituted independently of one another by one or more groups selected from among fluorine, chlorine and bromine, and
R11 is selected from among hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, phenyl and 4-fluorophenyl, wherein the above mentioned groups may optionally be substituted independently of one another by one or more groups selected from among fluorine, chlorine and bromine.
If R10 and R11 together form an alkylene bridge, a C2-6-alkylene bridge is preferred so that a heterocyclic ring is formed with the inclusion of the nitrogen atom linked to R11 and the SO2— or CO— group linked to R10, wherein one or two —CH2 groups of the C2-6-alkylene bridge may be replaced independently of one another by O, S, SO, SO2 or —N(R12)— such that in each case two O or S atoms or an O and an S atom are not directly connected to one another, and wherein the C atoms of the above mentioned C2-6-alkylene bridge may optionally be substituted independently of one another by one or more groups selected from among fluorine, hydroxy, carboxy, F3C, C1-3-alkyl- and C1-3-alkoxy.
Particularly preferred are the heterocyclic rings of formulae (IIa), (IIb), (IIc) or (IId)
Particularly preferred are those compounds of formula (I) wherein the group R8 together with the groups R10 and R11 forms heterocyclic rings of formulae (IIa), (IIb), (IIc) or (IId), and the other groups and radicals are defined as above or hereinafter.
In the compounds of formula (I) according to the invention the group R12 is preferably in each case independently selected from among hydrogen and a C1-6-alkyl group, wherein one or more hydrogen atoms of the C1-6-alkyl group may be replaced by fluorine.
Particularly preferred groups R12 in each case independently of one another denote hydrogen or a C1-6-alkyl group.
The most preferred groups R12 in each case independently of one another denote hydrogen or a methyl group.
In the compounds of formula (I) according to the invention the group R13 is preferably each independently selected from among hydrogen and C1-3-alkyl, wherein one or more hydrogen atoms of the C1-3-alkyl group may be replaced by fluorine.
Particularly preferred groups R13 in each case independently of one another denote hydrogen or a methyl group.
Particularly preferred compounds according to the invention are shown in the following group of formulae (Ia), (Ib), (Ic), (Id) and (Ie):
wherein
A, B, L, i, R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8, R9, R10, R11, R12 and R13 have the meanings given above.
Particularly preferred are compounds of formula (Ia) according to the invention,
wherein
Also particularly preferred are compounds of formula (Ib) and (Ic) according to the invention,
wherein
Also particularly preferred are compounds of formula (Id) and (Ie) according to the invention
wherein
Particularly preferred individual compounds are selected from among
Some terms used hereinbefore and hereinafter to describe the compounds according to the invention are defined below.
The term halogen denotes an atom selected from among F, Cl, Br and I.
The term C1-n-alkyl, wherein n may have a value of from 1 to 10, unless otherwise stated, denotes a saturated, branched or unbranched hydrocarbon group with 1 to n C atoms. Examples of such groups include methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, iso-propyl, butyl, iso-butyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, n-pentyl, iso-pentyl, neo-pentyl, tert-pentyl, n-hexyl, iso-hexyl etc.
The term C1-n-alkylene, wherein n may have a value of from 1 to 8, unless otherwise stated, denotes a saturated, branched or unbranched hydrocarbon bridge with 1 to n C atoms. Examples of such groups include methylene (—CH2—), ethylene (—CH2—CH2—), 1-methyl-methylene (—CH(CH3)—). 1-methyl-ethylene (—CH(CH3)—CH2—), 1,1-dimethyl-ethylene (—C(CH3)2—CH2—), n-prop-1,3-ylene (—CH2—CH2—CH2—), 1-methylprop-1,3-ylene (—CH(CH3)—CH2—CH2—), 2-methylprop-1,3-ylene (—CH2—CH(CH3)—CH2—), etc., as well as the corresponding mirror-symmetrical forms.
The term C2-n-alkenyl, wherein n may have a value of from 2 to 6, unless otherwise stated, denotes a branched or unbranched hydrocarbon group with 2 to n C atoms and a C═C-double bond. Examples of such groups include ethenyl, 1-propenyl, 2-propenyl, iso-propenyl, 1-butenyl, 2-butenyl, 3-butenyl, 2-methyl-1-propenyl, 1-pentenyl, 2-pentenyl, 3-pentenyl, 4-pentenyl, 3-methyl-2-butenyl, 1-hexenyl, 2-hexenyl, 3-hexenyl, 4-hexenyl, 5-hexenyl etc.
The term C2-n-alkynyl, wherein n may have a value of from 2 to 6, unless otherwise stated, denotes a branched or unbranched hydrocarbon group with 2 to n C atoms and a C≡C-triple bond. Examples of such groups include ethynyl, 1-propynyl, 2-propynyl, 1-butynyl, 2-butynyl, 3-butynyl, 1-pentynyl, 2-pentynyl, 3-pentynyl, 4-pentynyl, 1-hexynyl, 2-hexynyl, 3-hexynyl, 4-hexynyl, 5-hexynyl etc.
The term C1-n-alkoxy or C1-n-alkyloxy denotes a C1-n-alkyl-O group, wherein C1-n-alkyl is as hereinbefore defined. Examples of such groups include methoxy, ethoxy, n-propoxy, iso-propoxy, n-butoxy, iso-butoxy, sec-butoxy, tert-butoxy, n-pentoxy, iso-pentoxy, neo-pentoxy, tert-pentoxy, n-hexoxy, iso-hexoxy etc.
The term C3-n-cycloalkyl denotes a saturated monocyclic group with 3 to n C atoms. Examples of such groups include cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl.
The term C3-n-cycloalkyloxy denotes a C3-n-cycloalkyl-O group, wherein C3-n-cycloalkyl is as hereinbefore defined. Examples of such groups include cyclopropyloxy, cyclobutyloxy, cyclopentyloxy, cyclohexyloxy, cycloheptyloxy etc.
The term C3-n-cycloalkyl-C1-n-alkoxy denotes a C3-n-cycloalkyl group, wherein C3-n-cycloalkyl is as hereinbefore defined and which is linked to a C1-n-alkoxy group through a carbon atom of the C1-n-alkoxy group. Examples of such groups include cyclopropylmethyloxy, cyclobutylethyloxy, cyclopentylmethyloxy, cyclohexylmethyloxy, cyclohexylethyloxy etc.
The term C3-n-cycloalkenyl denotes a C3-n-cycloalkyl group which is as hereinbefore defined and additionally has at least one C═C-double bond, but is not of an aromatic nature.
The term heterocyclyl used in this application denotes a saturated five-, six- or seven-membered ring system or a 5-12 membered bicyclic ring system which includes one, two, three or four heteroatoms, selected from N, O and/or S, such as for example a morpholinyl, piperidinyl, piperazinyl, thiomorpholinyl, oxathianyl, dithianyl, dioxanyl, pyrrolidinyl, tetrahydrofuranyl, dioxolanyl, oxathiolanyl, imidazolidinyl, tetrahydropyranyl, pyrrolinyl, tetrahydrothienyl, oxazolidinyl, homopiperazinyl, homopiperidinyl, homomorpholinyl, homothiomorpholinyl, azetidinyl, 1,3-diazacyclohexanyl or pyrazolidinyl group.
The term aryl used in this application denotes a phenyl, biphenyl, indanyl, indenyl, 6,7,8,9-tetrahydrobenzocycloheptenyl, 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthyl or naphthyl group.
The term heteroaryl used in this application denotes a heterocyclic, mono- or bicyclic aromatic ring system which comprises in addition to at least one C atom one or more heteroatoms selected from N, O and/or S, while the term heteroaryl also includes the partially hydrogenated heterocyclic, aromatic ring systems. Examples of such groups are pyrrolyl, furanyl, thienyl, pyridyl-N-oxide, thiazolyl, imidazolyl, oxazolyl, triazinyl, triazolyl, triazolyl, 1,2,4-oxadiazoyl, 1,3,4-oxadiazoyl, 1,2,5-oxadiazoyl, isothiazolyl, isoxazolyl, 1,2,4-thiadiazolyl, 1,3,4-thiadiazolyl, 1,2,5-thiadiazolyl, pyrazolyl, pyrimidyl, pyridazinyl, pyrazinyl, tetrazolyl, pyridyl, indolyl, isoindoyl, indolizinyl, imidazopyridinyl, imidazo[1,2-a]pyridinyl, pyrrolopyrimidinyl, purinyl, pyridopyrimidinyl, pteridinyl, pyrimidopyrimidinyl, benzofuranyl, benzothienyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, quinazolinyl, quinoxalinyl, cinnolinyl, phthalazinyl, isobenzofuranyl, isobenzothienyl, thieno[3,2-b]thiophenyl, thieno[3,2-b]pyrrolyl, thieno[2,3-d]imidazolyl, naphthyridinyl, indazolyl, pyrrolopyridinyl, oxazolopyridinyl, benzimidazolyl, benzoxazolyl, benzisoxazolyl, benzothiazolyl, benzoisothiazolyl, benzoxadiazolyl, benzothiadiazolyl, 1,3-benzodioxolyl, 2,3-dihydrobenzofuranyl, 1,3-dihydroisobenzofuranyl, 2,3-dihydrobenzo[1,4]dioxinyl, 3,4-dihydrobenzo[1,4]oxazinyl, benzo[1,4]-oxazinyl, 2,3-dihydroindolyl, 2,3-dihydroisoindolyl, 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinolinyl, 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinolinyl, 2-oxo-2,3-dihydrobenzoimidazolyl, 2-oxo-2,3-dihydroindolyl, pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyridinyl, pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidinyl, chromanyl, chromenyl, chromonyl, isochromenyl, isochromanyl, dihydroquinolin-4-onyl, dihydroquinolin-2-onyl, quinolin-4-onyl, isoquinolin-2-onyl, imidazo[1,2-a]pyrazinyl, 1-oxoindanyl, benzoxazol-2-onyl, imidazo[4,5-d]thiazolyl or 6.7-dihydropyrrolizinyl groups.
Preferred heteroaryl groups are furanyl, thienyl, thiazolyl, imidazolyl-isoxazolyl, pyrazolyl, pyridyl, indolyl, benzofuranyl-1,3-benzodioxolyl, 2,3-dihydrobenzofuranyl and 2,3-dihydrobenzo[1,4]dioxinyl.
The definition pyrazole includes the isomers 1H-, 3H- and 4H-pyrazole. Preferably pyrazolyl denotes 1H-pyrazolyl.
The definition imidazole includes the isomers 1H-, 2H- and 4H-imidazole. A preferred definition of imidazolyl is 1H-imidazolyl.
The definition triazole includes the isomers 1H-, 3H- and 4H-[1,2,4]-triazole as well as 1H-, 2H- and 4H-[1,2,3]-triazole. The definition triazolyl therefore includes 1H-[1,2,4]-triazol-1,3- and -5-yl, 3H-[1,2,4]-triazol-3- and -5-yl, 4H-[1,2,4]-triazol-3,4- and -5-yl, 1H-[1,2,3]-triazol-1,4- and -5-yl, 2H-[1,2,3]-triazol-2,4- and -5-yl as well as 4H-[1,2,3]-triazol-4- and -5-yl.
The term tetrazole includes the isomers 1H-, 2H- and 5H-tetrazole. The definition tetrazolyl therefore includes 1H-tetrazol-1- and -5-yl, 2H-tetrazol-2- and -5-yl as well as 5H-tetrazol-5-yl.
The definition indole includes the isomers 1H- and 3H-indole. The term indolyl preferably denotes 1H-indol-1-yl.
The definition isoindole includes the isomers 1H- and 2H-isoindole.
Generally, the bonding to one of the above-mentioned heterocyclic or heteroaromatic groups may take place via a C atom or optionally an N atom.
Within the scope of this application, in the definition of possible substituents, these may also be represented in the form of a structural formula. An asterisk (*) in the structural formula of the substituent indicates the point of connection to the remainder of the molecule. Thus, for example, the groups N-piperidinyl (a), 4-piperidinyl (b), 2-tolyl (c), 3-tolyl (d) and 4-tolyl (e) are shown as follows:
If there is no asterisk (*) in the structural formula of the substituent, every hydrogen atom may be removed from the substituent and the valency thus freed may be used as a binding site to the remainder of a molecule. Thus, for example, (f)
may have the meaning of 2-tolyl, 3-tolyl, 4-tolyl and benzyl.
The style used, in which in group
a bond of a substituent is shown towards the centre of the group A, denotes, unless otherwise stated, that this substituent may be bound to any free position of the group A carrying a H atom.
The term “optionally substituted” used in this application denotes that the group thus designated is either unsubstituted or mono- or polysubstituted by the substituents specified. If the group in question is polysubstituted, the substituents may be identical or different.
The groups and substituents described hereinbefore may, unless stated otherwise, be mono- or polysubstituted by fluorine. Preferred fluorinated alkyl groups are fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl and trifluoromethyl. Preferred fluorinated alkoxy groups are fluoromethoxy, difluoromethoxy and trifluoromethoxy. Preferred fluorinated alkylsulphinyl and alkylsulphonyl groups are trifluoromethylsulphinyl and trifluoromethylsulphonyl.
The compounds of general formula I according to the invention may have acid groups, predominantly carboxyl groups, and/or basic groups such as e.g. amino functions. Compounds of general formula I may therefore be present as internal salts, as salts with pharmaceutically useable inorganic acids such as hydrochloric acid, sulphuric acid, phosphoric acid, sulphonic acid or organic acids (such as for example maleic acid, fumaric acid, citric acid, tartaric acid, acetic acid or trifluoroacetic acid) or as salts with pharmaceutically useable bases such as alkali or alkaline earth metal hydroxides or carbonates, zinc or ammonium hydroxides or organic amines such as e.g. diethylamine, triethylamine, triethanolamine, inter alia.
The compounds according to the invention may be obtained using methods of synthesis which are known in principle, from starting compounds familiar to those skilled in the art (cf. for example: Houben Weyl—Methods of Organic Chemistry, Vol. E22, Synthesis of Peptides and Peptidomimetics, M. Goodman, A. Felix, L. Moroder, C. Toniolo Eds., Georg Thieme Verlag Stuttgart, New York). Provided that he knows their structure the skilled man will be able to synthesise the compounds according to the invention starting from known starting materials without any further instructions. Thus, the compounds may be obtained according to the preparation processes described in more detail hereinafter.
Diagram A illustrates by way of example the synthesis of the compounds according to the invention. Starting from a Boc-protected amino acid an amide is prepared by standard coupling methods. The amine obtained after deprotection has been carried out again is reductively aminated with a Boc-protected aminoaldehyde. The amine obtained after deprotection has been carried out again is coupled with an isophthalic acid monoamide component to obtain the end product.
In an alternative method of synthesis the compounds according to the invention may be prepared according to Scheme B:
For this, aminoisophthalic acid diester is reacted with a corresponding sulphonic acid chloride, the sulphonamide nitrogen is alkylated and one of the two ester groups is cleaved. Then the compound is coupled to a dipeptide component which is prepared according to Scheme A by reductive amination, the ester function is saponified and the acid is coupled with a corresponding amine to produce the end product.
As stated previously, the compounds of formula (I) may be converted into the salts thereof, and particularly, for pharmaceutical use, into the physiologically and pharmacologically acceptable salts thereof. These salts may be present on the one hand as physiologically and pharmacologically acceptable acid addition salts of the compounds of formula (I) with inorganic or organic acids. On the other hand, in the case of acidically bound hydrogen, the compound of formula (I) may also be converted by reaction with inorganic bases into physiologically and pharmacologically acceptable salts with alkali or alkaline earth metal cations as counter-ion. The acid addition salts may be prepared for example using hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, sulphuric acid, phosphoric acid, methanesulphonic acid, acetic acid, trifluoroacetic acid, fumaric acid, succinic acid, lactic acid, citric acid, tartaric acid or maleic acid. Moreover mixtures of the above-mentioned acids may be used. For preparing the alkali and alkaline earth metal salts of the compound of formula (I) with acidically bound hydrogen it is preferable to use the alkali and alkaline earth metal hydroxides and hydrides, while the hydroxides and hydrides of the alkali metals, particularly of sodium and potassium, preferably sodium and potassium hydroxide, are particularly preferred.
The compounds of general formula (I) according to the invention and the corresponding pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof are theoretically suitable for treating and/or preventatively treating all those conditions or diseases that are characterised by a pathological form of β-amyloid-peptide, such as for example β-amyloid-plaques, or that can be influenced by inhibiting β-secretase. For example the compounds according to the invention are particularly suitable for the prevention, treatment or for slowing down the progress of diseases such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other diseases associated with, die with abnormal processing of the Amyloid Precursor Protein (APP) or aggregation of Abeta peptide, as well as diseases that can be treated or prevented by inhibiting β-secretase or cathepsin D. Corresponding diseases include MCI (“mild cognitive impairment”), trisomy 21 (Down's syndrome), cerebral amyloidangiopathy, degenerative dementias, hereditary cerebral haemorrhage with amyloidosis-Dutch type (HCHWA-D), Alzheimer's dementia with Lewy bodies, trauma, stroke, pancreatitis, inclusion body myositis (IBM), as well as other peripheral amyloidoses, diabetes and arteriosclerosis.
The compounds are preferably suitable for the prevention and treatment of Alzheimer's disease. The compounds according to the invention may be used as a monotherapy and also in combination with other compounds that can be administered for the treatment of the above mentioned diseases.
The compounds according to the invention are particularly suitable for use in mammals, preferably primates, particularly preferably humans, for the treatment and/or prevention of the above mentioned conditions and diseases.
The compounds according to the invention may be administered orally, parenterally (by intravenous, intramuscular route, etc.), by intranasal, sublingual, inhalative, intrathecal, topical or rectal route.
In the case of the preferred oral administration, the compounds according to the invention may be formulated such that the compounds according to the invention do not come into contact with the acidic gastric juices. Suitable oral formulations may for example have gastric juice-resistant coatings which only release the active substances in the small bowel. Such tablet coatings are known to the skilled man.
Suitable pharmaceutical formulations for administering the compounds according to the invention are for example tablets, pellets, coated tablets, capsules, powders, suppositories, solutions, elixirs, active substance plasters, aerosols and suspensions.
About 0.1 to 1000 mg of one of the compounds according to the invention or of a mixture of several of these compounds are formulated on their own or together with pharmaceutically conventional excipients such as carriers, diluents, binders, stabilisers, preservatives, dispersants etc. To form a dosage unit in a manner known to those skilled in the art.
A dosage unit (e.g. tablet) preferably contains between 2 and 250 mg, particularly preferably between 10 and 100 mg of the compounds according to the invention.
Preferably the pharmaceutical formulations are administered 1, 2, 3 or 4 times, particularly preferably once or twice, most preferably once a day.
The dosage required to achieve the corresponding activity for treatment or prevention usually depends on the compound which is to be administered, the patient, the nature and gravity of the illness or condition and the method and frequency of administration and is for the patient's doctor to decide.
Expediently, the amount of the compounds according to the invention administered is in the range from 0.1 to 1000 mg/day, preferably 2 to 250 mg/day, particularly preferably 5 to 100 mg/day when administered orally. For this purpose, the compounds of formula (I) prepared according to the invention may be formulated, optionally with other active substances, together with one or more inert conventional carriers and/or diluents, e.g. with corn starch, lactose, glucose, microcrystalline cellulose, magnesium stearate, polyvinylpyrrolidone, citric acid, tartaric acid, water, water/ethanol, water/glycerol, water/sorbitol, water/polyethylene glycol, propylene glycol, cetylstearyl alcohol, carboxymethylcellulose or fatty substances such as hard fat or suitable mixtures thereof, to produce conventional galenic preparations such as tablets, pellets, coated tablets, capsules, powders, suppositories, solutions, elixirs, active substance plasters, aerosols and suspensions.
The compounds according to the invention may also be used in conjunction with other active substances, particularly for the treatment and/or prevention of the diseases and conditions mentioned above. Other active substances which are suitable for such combinations include, in particular, those which potentiate the therapeutic effect of a compound according to the invention with respect to one of the indications mentioned and/or which allow the dosage of a compound according to the invention to be reduced. Therapeutic agents which are suitable for such a combination include, for example, beta-secretase inhibitors; gamma-secretase inhibitors; amyloid aggregation inhibitors such as e.g. alzhemed; directly or indirectly acting neuroprotective substances; antioxidants such as e.g. Vitamin E or ginkgolides; anti-inflammatory substances such as e.g. Cox inhibitors, NSAIDs with additionally or solely Aβ lowering properties; HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (statins); acetylcholinesterase inhibitors such as donepezil, rivastigmine, tacrine, galantamine; NMDA receptor antagonists such as e.g. memantine; AMPA agonists; substances that modulate the concentration or release of neurotransmitters such as NS-2330; substances that induce the secretion of growth hormone such as ibutamoren mesylate and capromorelin; CB-1 receptor antagonists or inverse agonists; antibiotics such as minocycline or rifampicin; PDE-IV and PDE-IX inhibitors, GABAA inverse agonists, nicotine agonists, histamine H3 antagonists, 5 HT-4 agonists or partial agonists, 5HT-6 antagonists, a2-adrenoreceptor antagonists, muscarinic M1 agonists, muscarinic M2 antagonists, metabotropic glutamate-receptor 5 positive modulators, as well as other substances that modulate receptors or enzymes in a manner such that the efficacy and/or safety of the compounds according to the invention is increased and/or unwanted side effects are reduced.
Preferred combinations are those comprising one or more of the compounds according to the invention with one or more of the following substances selected from among Alzhemed, Vitamin E, ginkgolides, donepezil, rivastigmine, tacrine, galantamine, memantine, NS-2330, ibutamoren mesylate, capromorelin, minocycline and/or rifampicin.
The compounds according to the invention, or the physiologically acceptable salts thereof, and the other active substances to be combined therewith, may be present together in one dosage unit, for example a tablet or capsule, or separately in two identical or different dosage units, for example as a so-called kit-of-parts.
The compounds according to the invention may also be used in conjunction with immunotherapies such as e.g. active immunisation with Abeta or parts thereof or passive immunisation with humanised anti-Abeta antibodies for the treatment of the above mentioned diseases and conditions.
The dosage for the combination partners mentioned above is usefully ⅕ of the lowest dose normally recommended up to 1/1 of the normally recommended dose.
Therefore, in another aspect, this invention relates to the use of a compound according to the invention or a physiologically acceptable salt of such a compound combined with at least one of the active substances described above as a combination partner, for preparing a pharmaceutical composition which is suitable for the treatment or prevention of diseases or conditions which can be affected by inhibiting β-secretase.
The use of the compound according to the invention, or a physiologically acceptable salt thereof, in combination with another active substance may take place simultaneously or at staggered times, but particularly within a short space of time. If they are administered simultaneously, the two active substances are given to the patient together; while if they are used at staggered times the two active substances are given to the patient within a period of less than or equal to 12 hours, but particularly less than or equal to 6 hours.
Consequently, in another aspect, this invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition which comprises a compound according to the invention or a physiologically acceptable salt of such a compound and at least one of the active substances described above as combination partners, optionally together with one or more inert carriers and/or diluents.
Thus, for example, a pharmaceutical composition according to the invention comprises a combination of a compound of formula (I) according to the invention or a physiologically acceptable salt of such a compound and at least one other of the above-mentioned active substances, optionally together with one or more inert carriers and/or diluents.
The compounds according to the invention inhibit the proteolysis of the APP protein between the amino acids Met595 and Asp596 (the numbering relates to the APP695 isoform) or the proteolysis of other APP isoforms such as APP751 and APP770 or mutated APP at the corresponding site, which is also referred to as the β-secretase cutting site. The inhibition of β-secretase should therefore lead to a decreased production of the β-amyloid peptide (Aβ).
The activity of β-secretase may be investigated in assays based on different detection technologies. In the test set-up a catalytically active form of β-secretase is incubated with a potential substrate in a suitable buffer. The reduction in the substrate concentration or the increase in product concentration may be achieved using various technologies depending on the substrate used: HPLS-MS analysis, fluorescence assays, fluorescence-quenching assays, luminescence assays are a non-representative selection of the different possibilities. Assay systems in which the effectiveness of a compound can be demonstrated are described e.g. in U.S. Pat. No. 5,942,400 and U.S. Pat. No. 5,744,346 and hereinafter. An alternative assay format comprises displacing a known β-secretase ligand with a test substance (US 2003/0125257).
The substrate used may be either the APP protein or parts thereof or any amino acid sequence that can be hydrolysed by the β-secretase. A selection of these sequences can be found e.g. In Tomasselli et al. 2003 in J. Neurochem 84: 1006. A peptide sequence of this kind may be coupled to suitable dyes that provide indirect evidence of proteolysis.
The enzyme source used may be the complete β-secretase enzyme or mutants with a catalytic activity or only parts of the β-secretase which still contain the catalytically active domain. Various forms of β-secretase are known and available and may serve as an enzyme source in a corresponding test set-up. This includes the native enzyme and also the recombinant or synthetic enzyme. Human β-secretase is known by the name Beta Site APP Cleaving Enzyme (BACE), Asp2 and memapsin 2 and is described e.g. in U.S. Pat. No. 5,744,346 and in the patent applications WO 98/22597, WO 00/03819, WO 01/23533, and WO 00/17369, as well as in the scientific literature (Hussain et al., 1999, Mol. Cell. Neurosci. 14: 419-427; Vassar et. al., 1999, Science 286: 735-741; Yan et al., 1999, Nature 402: 533-537; Sinha et. al., 1999, Nature 40: 537-540; and Lin et. al., 2000, PNAS USA 97: 1456-1460). Synthetic forms of the enzyme have also been described (WO 98/22597 and WO 00/17369). β-Secretase may be extracted and purified from human brain tissue, for example, or produced recombinantly in mammalian cell cultures, insect cell cultures, yeasts or bacteria.
To calculate the IC50 value of a substance, different amounts of substance are incubated with the β-secretase in an assay. The IC50 value of a compound is defined as the substance concentration at which a 50% reduction in the detected signal is measured by comparison with the mixture without any test compound. Substances are evaluated as having an inhibiting effect on β-secretase if under these conditions their IC50 value is less than 50 μM, preferably less than 10 μM, particularly preferably less than 1 μM and most particularly preferably less than 100 nM.
An assay for detecting β-secretase activity may have the following appearance, in detail:
The ectodomain of BACE (amino acids 1-454) fused to the recognition sequence for an anti-Myc antibody and a poly-histidine is secreted overnight by HEK293/APP/BACEect. Cells in OptiMEM® (Invitrogen). A 10 μl aliquot of this cell culture supernatant serves as an enzyme source. The enzyme is stable over more than 3 months when stored at 4° C. or −20° C. in OptiMEM®. The substrate used is a peptide with the amino acid sequence SEVNLDAEFK to which the Cy3 fluorophore (Amersham) is coupled N-terminally and the Cy5Q fluorophore (Amersham) is coupled C-terminally. The substrate is dissolved in DMSO in a concentration of 1 mg/ml and used in the test in a concentration of 1 μM. In addition the test mixture contains 20 mM NaOAc, pH 4.4, and at most 1% DMSO. The test is carried out in a 96-well dish in an overall volume of 200 μl over 30 minutes at 30° C. The cleaving of the substrate is recorded kinetically in a fluorimeter (ex: 530 nm, em: 590 nm). The assay is started by the addition of the substrate.
As controls, mixtures with no enzyme or with no inhibitor are included on each dish. The IC50 value for the test compound is calculated using standard software (e.g. GraphPad Prism®) from the percentage inhibition of the substance at different test concentrations. The relative inhibition is calculated from the reduction in the signal intensity in the presence of the substance based on the signal intensity without the substance.
The compounds (1)-(46) mentioned in the Table hereinbefore have IC50 values of less than 30 μM, measured using the test described above.
The activity of the β-secretase may also be investigated in cellular systems. As APP is a substrate for β-secretase and Aβ is secreted by the cells after the processing of APP by β-secretase, cellular test systems for detecting β-secretase activity are based on detecting the amount of Aβ formed over a defined period of time.
The selection of suitable cells comprises, but is not restricted to, human embryonic kidney fibroblasts 293 (HEK293), Chinese Hamster Ovary cells (CHO), human H4 neuroglioma cells, human U373 MG astrocytoma glioblastoma cells, neuroblastoma N2a cells in the mouse, which stably or transiently express APP or mutated forms of APP, such as e.g. The Swedish or London or Indiana Mutation. The transfection of the cells is carried out for example by cloning the cDNA of human APP into an expression vector such as e.g. PcDNA3 (Invitrogen) and adding it to the cells with a transfection reagent such as e.g. Lipofectamine (Invitrogen) according to the manufacturer's instructions.
The secretion of Aβ may also be measured from cells without genetic modification using a suitably sensitive Aβ detection assay such as e.g. ELISA or HTRF. Cells that may be used for this are, besides other cells, human IMR32 neuroblastoma cells, for example.
The secretion of Aβ may also be investigated in cells obtained from the brains of embryos or the young of APP transgenic mice, such as e.g. in those obtained by Hsiao et al 1996 Science 274: 99-102, or from other organisms such as e.g. guinea pigs or rats.
Substances are evaluated as having an inhibiting effect on β-secretase if under these conditions their IC50 value is less than 50 μM, preferably less than 10 μM, particularly preferably less than 1 μM and most particularly preferably less than 100 nM.
An example of the procedure for carrying out a cell assay is described below: U373-MG cells which stably express APP (isoform 751) are cultivated in a culture medium such as DMEM+glucose, sodium pyruvate, glutamine and 10% FCS at 37° C. in a steam-saturated atmosphere containing 5% CO2. In order to investigate the β-secretase inhibiting activity of substances, the cells are incubated with different concentrations of the compound between 50 μM and 50 μM for 12-24 h. The substance is dissolved in DMSO and is diluted for the assay in culture medium so that the DMSO concentration does not exceed 0.5%. The production of Aβ during this period is detected using an ELISA, which uses the antibodies 6E10 (Senentek) and SGY3160 (C. Eckman, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Fla., USA) as capturing antibodies that are bound to the microtitre plate and Aβ40- and Aβ42-specific antibodies (Nanotools, Germany), coupled to alkaline phosphatase, as detecting antibodies. Non-specific binding of proteins to the microtitre plate is prevented by blocking with Block Ace (Serotec) before the addition of the Aβ-containing culture supernatant. The quantifying of the amounts of Aβ contained in the cell supernatant is carried out by adding the substrate for alkaline phosphatase CSPD/Sapphire II (Applied Biosystems) according to the manufacturer's instructions. Possible non-specific effects of the test compound on the vitality of the cells are excluded by determining precisely these effects by AlamarBlue (resazurin) reduction over a period of 60 minutes.
The potency of non-toxic substances is determined by calculating the concentration that brings about a 50% reduction in the amount of Aβ secreted compared with untreated cells.
Moreover, different animal models may be used to investigate the β-secretase activity and/or the APP processing and the release of Aβ. Thus, for example, transgenic animals that express APP and/or β-secretase may be used to test the inhibitory activity of compounds of this invention. Corresponding transgenic animals are described for example in U.S. Pat. No. 5,877,399, U.S. Pat. No. 5,612,486, U.S. Pat. No. 5,387,742, U.S. Pat. No. 5,720,936, U.S. Pat. No. 5,850,003, U.S. Pat. No. 5,877,015 and U.S. Pat. No. 5,811,633, and in Games et al., 1995, Nature 373: 523. Preferably, animal models are used that display some of the characteristics of AD pathology. The administering of β-secretase inhibitors according to this invention and the subsequent investigation of the pathology of the animals constitutes a further alternative method of demonstrating β-secretase inhibition using the compounds. The compounds are administered in such a way that they can reach their intended site of activity in a pharmaceutically effective form and quantity.
The test for detecting cathepsin D (EC: 3.4.23.5) inhibition was carried out as follows: 20 mU of recombinant cathepsin D (Calbiochem, Cat. No. 219401) in 20 mM sodium acetate puffer pH 4.5 with 5 μM substrate peptide and different concentrations of the test substance are incubated at 37° C. in a 96-well dish and the conversion is recorded for 60 minutes in a fluorimeter (emission: 535 nm, extinction: 340 nm). The peptide substrate used has the following sequence: NH2-Arg-Glu(Edans)-Glu-Val-Asn-Leu-Asp-Ala-Glu-phe-Lys(Dabcyl)-Arg-COOH (Bachem). However, a peptide or protein substrate with a sequence that can be cleaved proteolytically from Cathepsin D may also be used. The test substances are dissolved in DMSO and are used in the assay after dilution to a maximum of 1% DMSO.
The assay is started by the addition of the substrate.
As controls, mixtures with no enzyme or with no inhibitor are included on each dish.
The IC50 value for the test compound is calculated using standard software (e.g. GraphPad Prism®) from the percentage inhibition of the substance at different test concentrations. The relative inhibition is calculated from the reduction in the signal intensity in the presence of the substance based on the signal intensity without the substance.
The compounds (1)-(46) mentioned in the Table hereinbefore exhibited an inhibitory effect on cathepsin D in the test described here.
The following Examples are intended to illustrate the invention, without restricting it.
The following abbreviations are used in the descriptions of the tests:
BOC tert.-butoxycarbonyl
DMF dimethylformamide
ES-MS electrospray mass spectrometry
HPLC high pressure liquid chromatography
HPLC-MS high pressure liquid chromatography with mass detection
sat. saturated
HOBt 1-hydroxy-benzotriazole-hydrate
i. vac. in vacuo
conc. concentrated
MPLC medium pressure liquid chromatography
RT retention time
TBTU O-(benzotriazol-1-yl)-N,N,N′,N′-tetramethyluronium tetrafluoroborate
TEA triethylamine
TFA trifluoroacetic acid
THF tetrahydrofuran
→* indicates the binding site of a group
The HPLC 1 data were generated under the following conditions:
Waters Alliance 2695 HPLC, Waters 2700 Autosampler, Waters 2996 Diode array detector
The eluant used was as follows:
A: water with 0.13% TFA
B: acetonitrile with 0.10% TFA
The stationary phase used was a Varian column, Microsorb 100 C18 3 μm, 4.6 mm×50 mm, batch no. 2231108 (column temperature: constant at 25° C.).
The diode array detection took place in the wavelength range from 210-300 nm.
The HPLC-MS data were generated under the following conditions:
Waters ZMD, Waters Alliance 2690 HPLC, Waters 2700 Autosampler, Waters 996 diode array detector
The eluant used was as follows:
A: water with 0.13% TFA
B: acetonitrile with 0.10% TFA
The stationary phase used was a Waters column, Xterra MS C18 2.5 μm, 4.6 mm×30 mm, (column temperature: constant at 25° C.).
The diode array detection took place in the wavelength range from 210-500 nm.
2.0 g (9.6 mmol) dimethyl 5-amino-isophthalate were dissolved in 19 ml dichloromethane and combined with 1.5 ml (19.1 mmol) pyridine. The reaction solution was cooled to 0° C., at this temperature 1.3 ml (11.0 mmol) phenylsulphonyl chloride were metered in and the mixture was stirred for 2 hours at ambient temperature. Then the reaction solution was evaporated to dryness i. vac., the residue was combined with ethyl acetate, filtered off and dried in the vacuum dryer. This yielded 3.2 g (95%) white crystals 1-a.
ES-MS (M+H)+=342
First 3.4 g (9.73 mmol) 1-a and then 1.45 ml (19.46 mmol) methyl iodide were added to a solution of 0.78 g (19.46 mmol) sodium hydride (60% in mineral oil) in 10 ml DMF. The reaction solution was stirred for 1 h at ambient temperature, combined with 100 ml of water and extracted with ethyl acetate. The combined organic phases were dried and evaporated to dryness using the rotary evaporator. This yielded 2.9 g (82%) 1-b as light yellow crystals.
RT (HPLC-MS)=3.33 min
(M+H)+ (HPLC-MS)=364
1.0 g (2.75 mmol) 1-b were dissolved in 9.0 ml of methanol and 9.0 ml THF, at 0° C. 2.75 ml (2.75 mmol) 1N NaOH were added and the reaction solution was stirred for 7 hours at ambient temperature. Then the solvent was eliminated using the rotary evaporator, the residue was dissolved in 30 ml 1N HCl and extracted with ethyl acetate. The combined organic phases were dried and purified by chromatography on silica gel with the eluant (dichloromethane/methanol 95:5). This yielded 0.3 g (22%) of yellow oil 1-c.
RT (HPLC-MS)=2.96 min
(M+H)+ (HPLC-MS)=350
260 mg (0.74 mmol) 1-c in 10 ml dichloromethane were combined with 263 mg (0.82 mmol) TBTU and 0.51 ml (2.98 mmol) DIPEA, then 112 mg (0.74 mmol) thiazol-2-ylethylamine were added and the mixture was stirred for 1 hour at ambient temperature.
The reaction solution was extracted with 20% KHCO3 solution and water. The organic phases were separated through a phase separation cartridge and evaporated to dryness i. vac. The residue was purified by chromatography on silica gel with the eluant (ethyl acetate/heptane 9:1). This yielded 300 mg (90%) 1-d as a yellow oil.
RT (HPLC-MS)=2.88 min
(M+H)+ (HPLC-MS)=447
e) Preparation of 1-e:
300 mg (0.67 mmol) 1-d were dissolved in 5 ml of methanol, 2.63 ml (2.63 mmol) 1N NaOH were added and the reaction solution was stirred for 1 hour at 50° C. Then the solvent was eliminated i. vac., the residue was combined with 20 ml 1N HCl and extracted with ethyl acetate. The organic phase was dried on MgSO4 and the solvent was distilled off. This yielded 190 mg (65%) 1-e as a colourless oil.
RT (HPLC-MS)=2.61 min
(M+H)+ (HPLC-MS)=433
f) Preparation of 1-f:
9.46 g (50.0 mmol) Boc-L-alanine in 120 ml dichloromethane were combined with 16.1 g (50.0 mmol) TBTU and 25.5 ml (15.0 mmol) DIPEA while cooling with an ice bath, then 5.38 g (50.0 mmol) cyclopropylmethylamine-hydrochloride were added. The reaction solution was stirred for 5 hours at ambient temperature and then extracted with 20% KHCO3 solution and water. The organic phases were separated through a phase separation cartridge and evaporated to dryness i. vac. This yielded 12.8 g (95%) of a colourless oil 1-f.
RT (HPLC-MS)=2.48 min
29.0 g (0.1 mol) 1-f was dissolved in 130 ml dichloromethane and combined with 100 ml (1.3 mol) trifluoroacetic acid. The reaction solution was stirred for 1 h at ambient temperature, then evaporated to dryness using the rotary evaporator. This gave a quantitative yield of 1-g as a yellow oil.
29.7 g (70.0 mmol) Dess-Martin-periodinane were suspended in 150 ml dichloromethane, then within 40 minutes a solution of 16.0 g (63.7 mmol) Boc-phenylalaminol in 150 ml dichloromethane was metered in. The reaction solution was stirred for 2 hours at ambient temperature, then combined with 200 ml 20% KHCO3 solution and 200 ml 10% Na2S2O3 solution. The mixture was stirred for 20 min at ambient temperature, the phases were separated and the organic phase was washed with 20% KHCO3 solution and water. The organic phase was dried and evaporated to dryness using the rotary evaporator. This gave a quantitative yield of 1-h as white crystals.
15.4 g (61.2 mmol) 1-g were dissolved in 200 ml acetonitrile and combined with 10.5 ml (61.2 mmol) DIPEA. The mixture was stirred for 10 min at ambient temperature, 15.3 g (61.2 mmol) 1-h were added and then it was cooled to 0° C. Then the reaction solution was combined with 7.0 ml (122 mmol) acetic acid and 20.5 g (91.8 mmol) sodium triacetoxyborohydride and left overnight at ambient temperature with stirring. The reaction solution was evaporated to dryness using the rotary evaporator and the residue was combined with dichloromethane and 1N NaHCO3 solution. The phases were separated, the organic phase was dried and evaporated to dryness i. vac. The residue was purified by chromatography on silica gel with the eluant (ethyl acetate/heptane 7:3 to ethyl acetate/heptane 1:0). This yielded 13.1 g (43%) light yellow crystals 1-i.
RT (HPLC 1)=4.36 min
ES-MS (M+H)+=376
2.59 g (6.90 mmol) 1-i was dissolved in 37 ml dichloromethane and combined with 7.4 ml (96.6 mmol) trifluoroacetic acid. The reaction solution was stirred for 3 h at ambient temperature, then evaporated to dryness using the rotary evaporator. This gave a quantitative yield of 1-j as a colourless oil.
RT (HPLC 1)=3.37 min
1-k was prepared analogously to 1-d from 1-e and 1-j.
ES-MS (M+H)+=689
The following compounds were prepared analogously to Example 1 using the corresponding amine in step 1c:
The following compounds were prepared analogously to Example 1 using 4-fluorophenylsulphonyl chloride instead of phenylsulphonyl chloride in step 1a and the corresponding amine in step 1d:
The following compounds were prepared analogously to Example 1 using
The following compound was prepared analogously to Example 1 using
The following compound was prepared analogously to Example 1 using
The following compound was prepared analogously to Example 1 using
The following compounds were prepared analogously to Example 1 using the corresponding educts:
1.3 ml (15.4 mmol) sulphuryl chloride were metered into a solution of 1.0 g (7.7 mmol) 3-chloro-propylamine-hydrochloride in 10 ml acetonitrile while cooling with an ice bath and stirred overnight at 85° C. Then the reaction solution was evaporated down i. vac. This gave a quantitative yield of 2-a.
1.0 g (4.8 mmol) dimethyl 5-amino-isophthalate were suspended in 10 ml of pyridine and slowly combined with 1.5 g (7.8 mmol) 2-a and stirred overnight at ambient temperature. Then the reaction solution was combined with dichloromethane and washed with 1N HCl and water, the organic phase was separated through a phase separation cartridge and evaporated down i. vac. This yielded 1.1 g (41%) brown crystals 2-b.
RT (HPLC 1)=4.51 min
10.86 g (29.8 mmol) 2-b were dissolved in 100 ml DMF, combined with 6.85 g (61.0 mmol) potassium-tert-butoxide and stirred overnight at 60° C. Then the reaction solution was combined with water and extracted with dichloromethane. The combined organic phases were dried on MgSO4, filtered and the filtrate was evaporated to dryness i. vac. The residue was purified by MPLC with the eluant (ethyl acetate/heptane 7:3 to pure methanol). This yielded 2.65 g (27%) 2-c as yellowish crystals.
ES-MS (M+H)+=329
RT (HPLC 1)=4.29 min
2.65 g (8.1 mmol) 2-c were dissolved in 50 ml of methanol and 50 ml THF, at 0° C. 8.0 ml (8.0 mmol) 1N NaOH were added and the reaction solution was stirred for 7 hours at ambient temperature. Then the solvent was eliminated using the rotary evaporator, the residue was dissolved in 30 ml 1N HCl and extracted with ethyl acetate. The combined organic phases were dried and purified by chromatography on silica gel with the eluant (dichloromethane/methanol 80:20). This yielded 1.3 g (51%) white crystals 2-d.
RT (HPLC 1)=3.79 min
2-e was prepared analogously to 1-d from 2-d and 1-j.
RT (HPLC-MS)=2.55 min
(M+H)+ (HPLC-MS)=573
2-f was prepared analogously to 2-d from 2-e.
RT (HPLC 1)=4.03 min
ES-MS (M+H)+=556
2-g was prepared analogously to 2-e from 2-f and 1-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-ethylamine.
RT (HPLC 1)=4.08 min
ES-MS (M+H)+=665
The following compounds were prepared analogously to 2-g from 2-f and the corresponding amount of amine:
The following compounds were prepared analogously to Example 2 using the corresponding educts:
15 g (70.3 mmol) dimethyl 5-amino-isophthalate were dissolved in 150 ml of pyridine. The reaction solution was cooled to 0° C., at this temperature 12.0 ml (111.7 mmol) dimethylaminosulphonyl chloride were metered in, the mixture was heated to 90° C. and stirred for 12 h. Then it was poured onto 200 ml of 4N HCl and the precipitated crystals were suction filtered. After extraction with diethyl ether and suction filtering again, the residue was dried in the drying cupboard at 40° C. and 17.9 g (64%) of whitish crystals 3-a were obtained.
RT (HPLC 1)=4.14 min
First 17.9 g (56.6 mmol) 3-a and then 9.3 ml (124.5 mmol) methyl iodide were added to a solution of 5.0 g (125 mmol) sodium hydride (60% in mineral oil) in 500 ml DMF. The reaction solution was stirred for 1 h at ambient temperature, combined with 500 ml of water and extracted with ethyl acetate. The combined organic phases were dried and evaporated to dryness using the rotary evaporator. This yielded 12.5 g (57%) 3-b as brown crystals.
RT (HPLC 1)=4.67 min
3-c was obtained analogously to 2-d from 3-b.
RT (HPLC-MS)=2.58 min
(M+H)+ (HPLC-MS)=317
3-d was prepared analogously to 1-j, by substituting Boc-L-alanine by Boc-L-aminobutyric acid (step 1f) and Boc-phenyl-alaminol by Boc-L-thiazol-4-yl-alaminol (step 1 h).
RT (HPLC-MS)=1.85 min
(M+H)+ (HPLC-MS)=297
3-e was prepared analogously to 1-d from 3-c and 3-d.
RT (HPLC-MS)=2.54 min
(M+H)+ (HPLC-MS)=595
3-f was prepared analogously to 1-c from 3-e.
RT (HPLC 1)=3.95 min
ES-MS (M−H)-=579
3-g was prepared analogously to 1-d from 3-f and 1-(pyrid-2-yl)-ethylamine.
RT (HPLC 1)=3.83 min
ES-MS (M+H)+=685
The following compounds were prepared analogously to 3-g from 3-f and the corresponding amount of amine:
The following are examples of preparation forms in which the term “active substance” denotes one or more compounds according to the invention including the salts thereof. In the case of one of the combinations with one or more additional active substances the term “active substance” also includes the additional active substances.
The active substance, lactose and starch are mixed together and uniformly moistened with an aqueous solution of the polyvinylpyrrolidone. After the moist composition has been screened (2.0 mm mesh size) and dried in a rack-type drier at 50° C. it is screened again (1.5 mm mesh size) and the lubricant is added. The finished mixture is compressed to form tablets.
The active substance mixed with lactose, corn starch and silica is moistened with a 20% aqueous polyvinylpyrrolidone solution and passed through a screen with a mesh size of 1.5 mm. The granules, dried at 45° C., are passed through the same screen again and mixed with the specified amount of magnesium stearate. Tablets are pressed from the mixture.
The active substance is mixed with the excipients, passed through a screen with a mesh size of 0.75 mm and homogeneously mixed using a suitable apparatus. The finished mixture is packed into size 1 hard gelatine capsules.
After the suppository mass has been melted the active substance is homogeneously distributed therein and the melt is poured into chilled moulds.
The active substance is dissolved in the necessary amount of 0.01 N HCl, made isotonic with common salt, filtered sterile and transferred into 2 ml ampoules.
The active substance is dissolved in the necessary amount of 0.01 N HCl, made isotonic with common salt, filtered sterile and transferred into 10 ml ampoules.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 05017476 | Aug 2005 | EP | regional |
| Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind | 371c Date |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP06/65154 | 8/8/2006 | WO | 00 | 2/8/2008 |
