The invention relates generally to clamping and cutting devices, and more particularly to a device and method for clamping and cutting a compressible structure such as an umbilical cord.
The severing of a fluid-filled compressible structure typically involves fluid loss from one or both sides of the severed structure. In most instances, the fluid loss is not desirable. Accordingly, some form of clamping of the structure takes place prior to the severing thereof. One example of this is the umbilical cord of a newly-delivered baby that must be severed shortly after delivery. For years, this process has been accomplished by clamping the cord at two separated positions therealong. The physician, father or other attendant then cuts the cord between the two clamps. The limitations or drawbacks of this process are related to the accuracy, reliability, efficiency and hygiene of the process.
Using two separate clamps, three separate motions are required to clamp (twice) and then sever the umbilical cord. Further, a separate instrument must be handled by each motion thereby increasing the number of instruments that must be accessible on an instrument tray. Each separate motion requires valuable seconds at a time when even one or two seconds could be critical to the newborn's well-being. The clamped umbilical cord segment between the two separated clamps is under increased hydrostatic pressure. Thus, regardless of how small the gap there is between the two individually placed clamps, blood can be sprayed indiscriminately when the cord is cut. With today's concerns over blood-borne pathogens (e.g., HIV, Hepatitis viruses, etc.), even a little blood discharge can be a problem for physicians, nurses and all other people present at the delivery. Environmental hygiene is also compromised by unwanted blood droplets from cord transection reaching unprotected individuals and/or room surfaces.
In order to improve the process of cutting the umbilical cord, a variety of clamping and cutting devices have been developed. For example, in U.S. Pat. No. 4,716,886, a hand-held device includes two clamps that are held together in a side-by-side relationship by a shear pin. A cutting blade located between the two clamps is used to cut the cord clamped by the two clamps. The single device clamps and cuts with the same motion thereby addressing the convenience and speed issues outlined above. However, hygiene is still a concern as the gap between the two clamps contains blood under pressure that will be discharged when the cord is cut.
In U.S. Pat. No. 5,584,840, a similar structure to that just described is disclosed. An additional feature includes splash guards to prevent blood from splashing in the direction of surrounding individuals. While the hygiene concern is addressed in that the indiscriminate spraying of blood is prevented, the fact remains that blood will be discharged when the umbilical cord is cut.
More recently, U.S. Pat. No. 5,968,054 disclosed a device and method for clamping and severing a compressible structure containing a fluid. A clamp having a pair of arms is securable in a clamped position about a compressible structure containing a fluid so that the fluid between the arms is forced outward from the clamp. A cutting assembly coupled to the clamp cuts through the pair of arms in their clamped position to form first and second separated clamps that remain in the clamped position. As a result, the compressible structure is severed to form first and second severed ends thereof clamped by a respective one of the first and second separated clamps. While this device greatly advanced the state of the art, some instances of fluid escape occurred due to clamping or cutting inefficiencies of the clamp and/or cutting assembly. Further, the clamp in its pre-use state is a complex part requiring the use of costly molding techniques.
Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a device and method for clamping and cutting a compressible structure such as an umbilical cord.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a device and method for clamping and cutting a compressible structure containing a fluid that prevents the substantial or consequential discharge of any of the fluid as the compressible structure is cut.
Still another object of the present invention is to provide a severable clamp that is readily producible.
Other objects and advantages of the present invention will become more obvious hereinafter in the specification and drawings.
In accordance with the present invention, a device for clamping and severing a compressible structure includes a clamp assembly and a cutting assembly. The clamp assembly has a first clamp and a second clamp coupled together to define a gap therebetween. The first clamp is identical to the second clamp. Each of the first clamp and second clamp has a pair of arms hingedly coupled to one another at first ends thereof and lockable to one another at second ends thereof. The first clamp is coupled to the second clamp with a plurality of posts spanning the gap therebetween. The clamp assembly defines an open position when the second ends of the arms are separated from one another and a clamped position when the second ends of the arms are locked to one another. The cutting assembly supports the clamp assembly in its open position and places the clamp assembly in its clamped position. The cutting assembly includes a convexly-curved cutting blade for passing through the clamp assembly's gap when the clamp assembly is in its closed position to thereby cut through the posts spanning the gap.
Other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become apparent upon reference to the following description of the preferred embodiments and to the drawings, wherein corresponding reference characters indicate corresponding parts throughout the several views of the drawings and wherein:
Referring now to the drawings, an embodiment of a clamping and cutting device in accordance with the present invention will be described with simultaneous reference to
The entirety of the clamping and cutting device of the present invention is illustrated in
Materials used for clamp assembly 20 and jaw assembly 30 are preferably strong and substantially rigid to be capable of transmitting sufficient force through jaw assembly 30 and clamp assembly 20 in order to: i) clamp a compressible structure such as an umbilical cord 100, ii) cut cleanly through clamp assembly 20, and iii) cut cleanly through the compressible structure such as umbilical cord 100 thereby leaving both severed ends thereof clamped in clamps 21 and 22 as shown in
Referring to
Between the latch elements of clamp 21 (i.e., latching tang 210 and latching seat 212) and hinge 206, the opposing faces of arms 202 and 204 define clamping surfaces that can have a series of ridges 203 and 205, respectively, formed thereon such that ridges 203 interlock with ridges 205 when clamp 21 assumes its clamped position (
Referring now to
The above-described post-to-hole mating is designed such that, when clamp assembly 20 is created by the mating of clamps 21 and 22, a small gap 240 (
Jaw assembly 30 is shown as part of device 10 in
In the illustrated example, jaw assembly 30 includes an upper jaw 302 coupled to an upper handle 306 and a lower jaw 304 coupled to a lower handle 308. Jaws 302 and 304 are hinged to one another at hinge pin 303. Upper handle 306 is fixed to or made integral with jaw 302. Lower handle 308 is pivotally coupled to jaw 304 by hinge pin 309 located beneath hinge pin 303. Upper handle 306 and lower handle 308 are coupled to one another by a leverage link 310. More specifically, leverage link 310 is pivotally coupled to upper handle 306 by hinge pin 312 and to lower handle 308 by hinge pin 314. To allow handles 306 and 308 to be squeezed together, slots 316 and 318 are provided in upper handle 306 and lower handle 308, respectively. The mechanical advantages offered by this design of jaw assembly 30 include: i) jaws 302 and 304 remain open until handles 306 and 308 are squeezed together; ii) during the initial movement of handle 308, a relatively quick closure of jaw 304 towards jaw 302 is achieved with only a small amount of movement of handle 308; iii) during later movement of handle 308, a relatively slow closure but with high force being generated between jaws 304 and 302 is achieved to cleanly sever the clamp assembly; and iv) better control over the clamping operation while requiring less force than if the clamp assembly were just squeezed together by hand.
The opposing portions of jaws 302 and 304 cooperate with elements of clamp assembly 20 to seat clamp assembly 20 therein in both its open and clamped positions, and to release severed clamps 21 and 22 therefrom after they (and the clamped compressible structure) have been severed. A convexly-curved cutting blade 320 (e.g., a metal blade) is attachable or fixed therealong to jaw 302. A longitudinally split positioning anvil 322 is attachable to or fixed therealong to jaw 304. Blade 320 and anvil 322 are positioned such that when jaws 302 and 304 are closed as shown in
Jaw assembly 30 can include several elements that help position/retain clamp assembly 20 in jaws 302/304 and aid in the closing of clamp assembly 20 when jaws 302/304 are closed together. In terms of positioning/retaining clamp assembly 20 in jaws 302/304, the outboard end of jaw 302 can define a hood 330 covering the end of cutting blade 320 and defining a seat for portions of the outboard ends of one arm of each of clamps 21 and 22. The outboard end of jaw 304 can define a lip 340 that forms a seat for portions of the outboard ends of the other arm of each of clamps 21 and 22. Jaw 304 also has a semicircular pin 350 extending from either side of a mounting plate 352 coupled to jaw 304 near hinge pin 306. Each pin 350 fits into a portion of hinge 206 of clamps 21 and 22. In terms of aiding the closing of clamp assembly 20, jaw 302 has a boss 360 integrated therewith on either side of blade 320. Boss 360 is sized/shaped to apply pressure to each hinge 206 (of clamps 21 and 22) when jaws 302/304 are closed together. In this way, a clamping force is applied at the point of greatest resistance to the closure of clamps 21 and 22 as jaws 302/304 are drawn together. At the outboard end of jaw 302, a second boss 362 is integrated therewith on either side of blade 320. Boss 362 is within hood 330 and is sized/shaped to apply pressure to the outboard end of clamp assembly 20 as jaws 302/304 are in the final phase of being closed together. In this way, the outboard end of clamp assembly 20 is stabilized while closing pressure is applied to assure the mating of tangs 210 and seats 212. To improve one's leverage when closing jaws 302/304, handle 308 can include an integrated finger rest 370 for cradling one's index finger when jaw assembly 30 is grasped. Finger rest 370 is positioned on handle 308 to encourage proper hand placement for optimal leverage when squeezing jaw assembly 30.
In operation, with jaws 302 and 304 in their open position as shown in
The compressible structure (e.g., umbilical cord 100) to be severed is placed between arms 202 and 204. Handles 306 and 308 are then squeezed by an individual applying a gripping force. In general, as handles 306 and 308 are squeezed, jaws 302 and 304 apply a compressive force to arms 202 and 204 until latching tang 210 seats in a respective latching seat 212 thereby locking arms 202 and 204 together for each of clamps 21 and 22. At this point, clamp assembly 20 is in its clamped and locked position with ridges 203 and 205 tending to interlock with umbilical cord 100 being fully compressed therebetween. The portion of umbilical cord 100 passing through clamp assembly 20 has its contained blood and/or other fluids (not shown) pushed outward to either side of clamps 21 and 22. More specifically, as handles 306 and 308 are continually squeezed together, curved blade 320 first cuts through post 230 that spans gap 240 nearest hinge 206, then umbilical cord 100, and finally through post 220 nearest tangs 210 and seats 212. That is, the convex curve of blade 320 allows the cutting process to proceed sequentially from the point nearest hinge 206 to the point nearest the outboard ends of clamps 21 and 22. The above-described sequential cutting method/technique is facilitated by the curved blade and/or others of the above-described features that allow the compressible structure (e.g., umbilical cord 100) to be secured by the engagement of the tangs/seats prior to completion of the cutting of the clamp assembly into two functional clamps, while also slowly releasing the pressure in umbilical cord 100 to thereby minimize any spurting fluid. Bosses 360 and 362 provide stabilizing and pressure forces to clamp assembly 20 to minimize the squeezing force needed and assure tang-to-seat engagement for each of the two functional clamps 21 and 22.
Once severed from their clamping assembly relationship, clamps 21 and 22 are free to move laterally away from jaw assembly 30 (when jaws 302/304 are opened) as shown in
The advantages of the present invention are numerous. The device allows a fluid-filled compressible structure to be severed without consequential fluid discharge. Further, the clamping and cutting operations are conveniently accomplished with a single motion thereby allowing the operation to be performed quickly. The device can be made as a completely disposable or reusable item for use in medical, veterinary, or industrial procedures. In the illustrated embodiment, the jaw assembly need not be oriented for either left or right-handed individuals and is therefore a multi-directional tool. The device's simplicity of operation means that even a non-professional could use the device effectively. The simple clamp design facilitates creation of the clamp assembly, simplifies manufacturing, and reduces costs. The jaw assembly can include a number of features that improve the device's clamping and cutting efficiency.
Although the invention has been described relative to a specific embodiment thereof, there are numerous variations and modifications that will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art in light of the above teachings. For example, ridges 203 and 205 could be eliminated or replaced with any type of serration, teeth or other structure as dictated by the particular application. Another possibility is to provide grooves that cut across the ridges in order to prevent a compressible structure from slipping through the clamp. This is illustrated in
Pursuant to 35 U.S.C. §119, the benefit of priority from provisional application 62/013,046, with a filing date of Jun. 17, 2014, is claimed for this non-provisional application.
Number | Date | Country | |
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62013046 | Jun 2014 | US |