Patent Grant
11680568
This application is the U.S. National Phase Application under 35 U.S.C. 371 of International Application No. PCT/CN2018/108228 filed on Sep. 28, 2018. The entire disclosure of the application referenced above is incorporated herein by reference.
The present disclosure relates to a compressor, and more particularly, to a compressor oil management system.
This section provides background information related to the present disclosure and is not necessarily prior art.
A climate-control system such as, for example, a heat-pump system, a refrigeration system, or an air conditioning system, may include a fluid circuit having an outdoor heat exchanger, an indoor heat exchanger, an expansion device disposed between the indoor and outdoor heat exchangers, and one or more compressors circulating a working fluid (e.g., refrigerant or carbon dioxide) between the indoor and outdoor heat exchangers. Efficient and reliable operation of the one or more compressors is desirable to ensure that the climate-control system in which the one or more compressors are installed is capable of effectively and efficiently providing a cooling and/or heating effect on demand. Efficient and effective lubricant distribution throughout the compressor reduces wear and cools internal components of the compressor.
This section provides a general summary of the disclosure, and is not a comprehensive disclosure of its full scope or all of its features.
The present disclosure provides a compressor that includes a compression mechanism and a driveshaft. The driveshaft drives the compression mechanism. The driveshaft may include a first axially extending passage, a second axially extending passage, and a lubricant distribution passage. The first axially extending passage and the second axially extending passage may be radially offset from each other and may intersect each other at an overlap region. The first and second axially extending passages are in fluid communication with each other at the overlap region. The lubricant distribution passage may extend from the first axially extending passage through an outer diametrical surface of the driveshaft. The lubricant distribution passage may be disposed at a first axial distance from a first axial end of the driveshaft. A first axial end of the overlap region may be disposed at a second axial distance from the first axial end of the driveshaft. The first axial distance may be greater than the second axial distance.
In some configurations of the compressor of the above paragraph, the first axially extending passage is a concentric passage extending through the first axial end of the driveshaft.
In some configurations of the compressor of either of the above paragraphs, a longitudinal axis of the second axially extending passage is radially offset from a rotational axis of the driveshaft.
In some configurations of the compressor of any of the above paragraphs, the second axially extending passage extends through a second axial end of the driveshaft.
In some configurations of the compressor of any of the above paragraphs, the longitudinal axis of the second axially extending passage is parallel to the rotational axis of the driveshaft.
In some configurations of the compressor of any of the above paragraphs, a longitudinal axis of the lubricant distribution passage extends through the overlap region.
In some configurations of the compressor of any of the above paragraphs, the longitudinal axis of the lubricant distribution passage is perpendicular to a rotational axis of the driveshaft.
In some configurations of the compressor of any of the above paragraphs, the compressor includes a shell assembly, a bearing housing assembly, a first pump, and a second pump. The shell assembly may include a partition defining a primary oil sump and a secondary oil sump. The bearing housing assembly may support the driveshaft and extend through a central opening in the partition. The bearing housing assembly may include an oil-transferring passage that provides fluid communication between the secondary and primary oil sumps. The first pump may be attached to the driveshaft and may pump oil from the secondary oil sump to the primary oil sump via the oil-transferring passage. The second pump may be attached to the driveshaft and may pump oil from the primary oil sump into the first axially extending passage in the driveshaft.
In some configurations of the compressor of any of the above paragraphs, the compression mechanism is a scroll-type compression mechanism.
In some configurations of the compressor of any of the above paragraphs, an axial length of the overlap region is at least 1.5 times larger than a diameter of the first axially extending passage.
In some configurations of the compressor of any of the above paragraphs, the lubricant distribution passage is disposed a fourth axial distance from the first axial end of the overlap region. The fourth axial distance may be at least half of the diameter of the first axially extending passage.
In some configurations of the compressor of any of the above paragraphs, the rotational axis of the driveshaft is positioned at an angle of 0-20 degrees relative to horizontal.
The present disclosure provides a compressor that includes a compression mechanism and a driveshaft. The driveshaft drives the compression mechanism. The driveshaft may include a first axially extending passage, a second axially extending passage, and a lubricant distribution passage. The first axially extending passage and the second axially extending passage may be radially offset from each other and may intersect each other at an overlap region. The first and second axially extending passages are in fluid communication with each other at the overlap region. The lubricant distribution passage may extend from the first axially extending passage through an outer diametrical surface of the driveshaft. The lubricant distribution passage may include an inlet disposed at the first axially extending passage and an outlet disposed at the outer diametrical surface of the driveshaft. The inlet of the lubricant distribution passage may be aligned in an axial direction with at least a portion of the overlap region. The axial direction is a direction extending along a rotational axis of the driveshaft.
In some configurations of the compressor of the above paragraph, the first axially extending passage is a concentric passage extending through a first axial end of the driveshaft.
In some configurations of the compressor of either of the above paragraphs, a longitudinal axis of the second axially extending passage is radially offset from the rotational axis of the driveshaft.
In some configurations of the compressor of any of the above paragraphs, the second axially extending passage extends through a second axial end of the driveshaft.
In some configurations of the compressor of any of the above paragraphs, the longitudinal axis of the second axially extending passage is parallel to the rotational axis of the driveshaft.
In some configurations of the compressor of any of the above paragraphs, a longitudinal axis of the lubricant distribution passage extends through the overlap region.
In some configurations of the compressor of any of the above paragraphs, the longitudinal axis of the lubricant distribution passage is perpendicular to a rotational axis of the driveshaft.
In some configurations of the compressor of any of the above paragraphs, the compressor includes a shell assembly, a bearing housing assembly, a first pump, and a second pump. The shell assembly may include a partition defining a primary oil sump and a secondary oil sump. The bearing housing assembly may support the driveshaft and extend through a central opening in the partition. The bearing housing assembly may include an oil-transferring passage that provides fluid communication between the secondary and primary oil sumps. The first pump may be attached to the driveshaft and may pump oil from the secondary oil sump to the primary oil sump via the oil-transferring passage. The second pump may be attached to the driveshaft and may pump oil from the primary oil sump into the first axially extending passage in the driveshaft.
In some configurations of the compressor of any of the above paragraphs, the compression mechanism is a scroll-type compression mechanism.
In some configurations of the compressor of any of the above paragraphs, an axial length of the overlap region is at least 1.5 times larger than a diameter of the first axially extending passage.
In some configurations of the compressor of any of the above paragraphs, the first axially extending passage extends through a first axial end of the driveshaft.
In some configurations of the compressor of any of the above paragraphs, the lubricant distribution passage is disposed an axial distance from the first axial end of the overlap region.
In some configurations of the compressor of any of the above paragraphs, the axial distance is at least half of the diameter of the first axially extending passage.
In some configurations of the compressor of any of the above paragraphs, the rotational axis of the driveshaft is positioned at an angle of 0-20 degrees relative to horizontal.
Further areas of applicability will become apparent from the description provided herein. The description and specific examples in this summary are intended for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure.
The drawings described herein are for illustrative purposes only of selected embodiments and not all possible implementations, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure.
Corresponding reference numerals indicate corresponding parts throughout the several views of the drawings.
Example embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough, and will fully convey the scope to those who are skilled in the art. Numerous specific details are set forth such as examples of specific components, devices, and methods, to provide a thorough understanding of embodiments of the present disclosure. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that specific details need not be employed, that example embodiments may be embodied in many different forms and that neither should be construed to limit the scope of the disclosure. In some example embodiments, well-known processes, well-known device structures, and well-known technologies are not described in detail.
The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular example embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting. As used herein, the singular forms “a,” “an,” and “the” may be intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. The terms “comprises,” “comprising,” “including,” and “having,” are inclusive and therefore specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof. The method steps, processes, and operations described herein are not to be construed as necessarily requiring their performance in the particular order discussed or illustrated, unless specifically identified as an order of performance. It is also to be understood that additional or alternative steps may be employed.
When an element or layer is referred to as being “on,” “engaged to,” “connected to,” or “coupled to” another element or layer, it may be directly on, engaged, connected or coupled to the other element or layer, or intervening elements or layers may be present. In contrast, when an element is referred to as being “directly on,” “directly engaged to,” “directly connected to,” or “directly coupled to” another element or layer, there may be no intervening elements or layers present. Other words used to describe the relationship between elements should be interpreted in a like fashion (e.g., “between” versus “directly between,” “adjacent” versus “directly adjacent,” etc.). As used herein, the term “and/or” includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
Although the terms first, second, third, etc. may be used herein to describe various elements, components, regions, layers and/or sections, these elements, components, regions, layers and/or sections should not be limited by these terms. These terms may be only used to distinguish one element, component, region, layer or section from another region, layer or section. Terms such as “first,” “second,” and other numerical terms when used herein do not imply a sequence or order unless clearly indicated by the context. Thus, a first element, component, region, layer or section discussed below could be termed a second element, component, region, layer or section without departing from the teachings of the example embodiments.
Spatially relative terms, such as “inner,” “outer,” “beneath,” “below,” “lower,” “above,” “upper,” and the like, may be used herein for ease of description to describe one element or feature's relationship to another element(s) or feature(s) as illustrated in the figures. Spatially relative terms may be intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures is turned over, elements described as “below” or “beneath” other elements or features would then be oriented “above” the other elements or features. Thus, the example term “below” can encompass both an orientation of above and below. The device may be otherwise oriented (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptors used herein interpreted accordingly.
With reference to
The shell assembly 12 forms a compressor housing and may include a cylindrical shell 28, a first end cap 32 at the one end of the cylindrical shell 28, a second end cap 34 at another end of the cylindrical shell 28, a first transversely extending partition 36, and a second transversely extending partition 37. Mounting brackets or feet 39, 41 may be attached to the first and second end caps 32, 34 and may position the compressor 10 in a tilted configuration (i.e., so that a longitudinal axis of the cylindrical shell 28 is disposed at a non-zero, non-perpendicular angle relative to horizontal and relative to the direction of gravitational pull), as shown in
The first end cap 32 and the first partition 36 may generally define a discharge chamber 38. The discharge chamber 38 may generally form a discharge muffler for compressor 10. While the compressor 10 is illustrated as including the discharge chamber 38, the present disclosure applies equally to direct discharge configurations. A discharge fitting 40 (
The second partition 37 and the second end cap 34 may cooperate to define an oil sump 47 (e.g., a primary oil sump). The oil sump 47 may contain a volume of lubricant that may be pumped throughout the compressor 10, as will be described in more detail below. The second partition 37 may include one or more vent openings 45 (
The first bearing housing assembly 14 may be affixed to the shell 28 and may include a first bearing housing 46 and a first bearing 48 disposed therein. The first bearing housing 46 may house the bearing 48 therein and may define an annular flat thrust bearing surface 50 on an axial end surface thereof. The second bearing housing assembly 15 may be affixed to the shell 28 and may include a second bearing housing 52 and a second bearing (not shown) disposed therein. The second bearing housing 52 may extend through a central opening 54 in the second partition 37 (i.e., so that the second partition 37 surrounds a portion of the second bearing housing 52. An annular seal 56 may sealingly engage the second partition 37 and the second bearing housing 52.
The motor assembly 16 may be a variable-speed motor. The motor assembly 16 may include a motor stator 58, a rotor 60, and a driveshaft 62. The motor stator 58 may be press fit into the shell 28. The driveshaft 62 may be rotatably driven by the rotor 60 and may be rotatably supported by the bearing housing assemblies 14, 15. The rotor 60 may be press fit on the driveshaft 62. The driveshaft 62 may include an eccentric crankpin 64.
As described above, the cylindrical shell 28 is positioned in a horizontal or titled horizontal configuration. Therefore, a rotational axis A1 of the driveshaft 62 may be at approximately a seven degree angle relative to horizontal (e.g., so that gravity tends to pull oil toward the second end cap 34). The rotational axis A1 of the driveshaft 62 could be disposed at approximately 0-20 degrees relative to horizontal (i.e., 70-90 degrees relative to the direction of gravitational pull at the location where the compressor 10 is installed).
The compression mechanism 18 may include a first scroll (e.g., an orbiting scroll 68) and a second scroll (e.g., a non-orbiting scroll 70). The orbiting scroll 68 may include an end plate 72 having a spiral wrap 74 on the upper surface thereof and an annular flat thrust surface 76 on the lower surface. The thrust surface 76 may interface with the annular flat thrust bearing surface 50 on the first bearing housing 46. A cylindrical hub 78 may project downwardly from the thrust surface 76 and may have a drive bushing 80 rotatably disposed therein. The drive bushing 80 may include an inner bore in which the crank pin 64 is drivingly disposed. A flat surface of the crankpin 64 may drivingly engage a flat surface in a portion of the inner bore of the drive bushing 80 to provide a radially compliant driving arrangement. An Oldham coupling 82 may be engaged with the orbiting scroll 68 and either the non-orbiting scroll 70 or the first bearing housing 46 to prevent relative rotation between the scrolls 68, 70.
The non-orbiting scroll 70 may include an end plate 84 defining a discharge passage 85 and having a spiral wrap 86 extending from a first side thereof. The non-orbiting scroll 70 may be attached to the first bearing housing 46 via fasteners and sleeve guides that allow for a limited amount of axial movement of the non-orbiting scroll 70 relative to the orbiting scroll 68 and the first bearing housing 46. The spiral wraps 74, 86 may be meshingly engaged with one another and define compression pockets therebetween. A discharge valve assembly 88 may be disposed within or adjacent the discharge passage 85 to restrict or prevent fluid flow from the discharge chamber 38 back into the compression mechanism 18.
Referring now to
In some configurations, an oil allocation insert 97 (
The first axially extending passage 94 may extend through the first axial end 90 of the driveshaft 62 and may extend through only a portion of the length of the driveshaft 62. The second axially extending passage 96 may extend through the second axial end 92 of the driveshaft 62 and may extend through only another portion of the length of the driveshaft 62. The first and second axially extending passages 94, 96 overlap each other at an overlap region 98. The overlap region 98 includes a portion of the length of the first axially extending passage 94 and a portion of the length of the second axially extending passage 96 that intersect each other and are open to each other to fluidly communicate with each other. In other words, the overlap region 98 is an opening through which fluid can flow from the first axially extending passage 94 to the second axially extending passage 96 (and from the second axially extending passage 96 to the first axially extending passage 94).
The driveshaft 62 may also include a lubricant distribution passage 100 (
In some configurations, the entire lubricant distribution passage 100 is axially closer (closer in a direction along or parallel to the rotational axis A1) to the first axial end 90 of the driveshaft 62. In other words, an axial distance between the first axial end 90 of the driveshaft 62 and a second axial end 101 of the overlap region 98 is greater than the sum of the first axial distance D1 plus the diameter of the lubricant distribution passage 100.
The driveshaft 62 may also include a first radially extending passage 104 and a second radially extending passage 106. The first radially extending passage 104 may extend from the first axially extending passage 94 through the outer diametrical surface 102 of the driveshaft 62. The first radially extending passage 104 may be disposed an axial distance (i.e., a distance along the rotational axis A1) from the first axial end 90 that is less than the second axial distance D2. As shown in
The second radially extending passage 106 may extend from the second axially extending passage 96 through the outer diametrical surface 102 of the driveshaft 62. The second radially extending passage 106 may be disposed an axial distance (i.e., a distance along the rotational axis A1) from the second axial end 92 that is less than an axial distance between the second axial end 92 and the overlap region 98. The second radially extending passage 106 may be positioned to allow a portion of the lubricant in the second axially extending passage 96 to flow radially outward to the first bearing housing assembly 14 to lubricate the bearing 48 of the first bearing housing assembly 14.
Referring now to
As shown in
During rotation of the driveshaft 62, the first pump 116 may draw oil from the oil collection area 112 into the first oil pickup fitting 110 and through the oil-transferring passage 108 and discharge the oil into the oil sump 47 via an outlet 122 in the second bearing housing 52. In this manner, during rotation of the driveshaft 62, the first pump 116 transfers oil from the oil collection area 112 to the oil sump 47.
Furthermore, during rotation of the driveshaft 62, the second pump 118 may draw oil from the oil sump 47 through the second oil pickup fitting 120 and force the oil into the first axially extending passage 94 in the driveshaft 62. Some of the oil in the first axially extending passage 94 oil may flow through first radially extending passage 104 (
As shown in
The magnitudes of the axial length L, the fourth axial distance D4, and the diameter of the lubricant distribution passage 100 determine how much oil from the first axially extending passage 94 will flow into the second axially extending passage 96 and how much oil from the first axially extending passage 94 will flow through the lubricant distribution passage 100.
Positioning the lubricant distribution passage 100 along the axial length L at the fourth axial distance D4 improves oil management over the range of the compressor's motor speeds and maintains a relatively constant oil level (or at least an adequate oil level) in the oil sump 47 at all motor speeds. That is, by directing some of the oil from the first axially extending passage 94 through the lubricant distribution passage 100 instead of through the second axially extending passage 96, an appropriate amount of oil can be returned directly back to the oil collection area 112 (rather than building up above the stator 58 or travelling into the compression mechanism 18, becoming entrained in working fluid (refrigerant) and being discharged from the compressor) and then pumped (via the first pump 116) back into the oil sump 47.
While the compression mechanism 18 is described above as being a scroll-type compression mechanism, the principles of the present disclosure are applicable to other types of compression mechanisms. Therefore, in some configurations, the compression mechanism of the compressor 10 could be a reciprocating-type compression mechanism (e.g., including one or more pistons that reciprocate within one or more cylinders), a rotary-vane-type compression mechanism (e.g., including a rotor that rotates within a cylinder and a vane that reciprocates relative to the rotor and cylinder), or a rotary-screw-type compressor (e.g., having meshing helical screws), for example.
The foregoing description of the embodiments has been provided for purposes of illustration and description. It is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the disclosure. Individual elements or features of a particular embodiment are generally not limited to that particular embodiment, but, where applicable, are interchangeable and can be used in a selected embodiment, even if not specifically shown or described. The same may also be varied in many ways. Such variations are not to be regarded as a departure from the disclosure, and all such modifications are intended to be included within the scope of the disclosure.
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