This invention relates to concrete masonry unit (“cmu”) blocks intended for use together with dimensional lumber and other components.
Concrete masonry unit blocks are available that are intended for use with dimensional lumber. These units are scaled to match the lumber sizes. For instance, there are nominal 2″×4″ units (actually about 1-½″×3-½″) so that omission of a block of that size from an assembly of such blocks will leave a void sized to receive a portion of a “2×4” piece of lumber. Among other deficiencies, such blocks look small and insubstantial, and assemblies of such blocks require a large number of units because of their relative small size.
The terms “invention,” “the invention,” “this invention” and “the present invention” used in this patent are intended to refer broadly to all of the subject matter of this patent and the patent claims below. Statements containing these terms should be understood not to limit the subject matter described herein or to limit the meaning or scope of the patent claims below. Embodiments of the invention covered by this patent are defined by the claims below, not this summary. This summary is a high-level overview of various aspects of the invention and introduces some of the concepts that are further described in the Detailed Description section below. This summary is not intended to identify key or essential features of the claimed subject matter, nor is it intended to be used in isolation to determine the scope of the claimed subject matter. The subject matter should be understood by reference to appropriate portions of the entire specification of this patent, any or all drawings and each claim.
The concrete masonry unit blocks (“cmu blocks”) described below and in the claims of this patent may be construction materials manufactured of concrete of any type, and may also be other suitable materials, including, without limitation, other cementitious, cement or masonry products; and structural foam, plastic, plastic composite, reinforced plastic, filled plastic, and polymer materials.
“Dimensional lumber” as used in this patent and its claims means not only lumber cut from wood of trees like pine, spruce and other soft woods, but also hardwoods and other wood products like laminated wood beams (including “gluelam” beams and other structures), oriented strand and composite wood materials, and non-wood materials, including metal (including steel, steel alloy, aluminum and other metal I-beams, H-beams and other metal structures), bamboo, polymer materials, polymer composite materials, fiber cement materials and any other suitable materials typically, but not necessarily, having predetermined cross-sectional shapes and dimensions.
The concrete masonry unit blocks (“cmu blocks”) of this invention contain recesses sized to receive dimensional lumber, but the over-all dimensions of the blocks generally are larger than the dimensional lumber with which they are used so that the units are visually (and actually) somewhat larger than blocks that are the same dimensions as typical softwood lumber sizes. This facilitates expeditious assembly of the units into functional structures and results in structures that are visually more substantial-looking and attractive. The overall dimensions of the blocks of this invention are complimentary so that a wide variety of attractive and functional assemblies can be easily made by unskilled users.
Recess-containing concrete masonry unit blocks can also be installed with the recesses facing in, so that there is no visible recess at that location in the structure. Recesses can also receive structures other than dimensional lumber, such as lights, planters, storage drawers, lockboxes and water features. Recesses can face a solid wall of a block, thereby defining a pocket the size of the recess, or two recesses in two blocks may face each other to provide a larger pocket that is the sum of the two recesses, which may be twice the size as each of the two recesses or another size.
Pockets can also receive manufactured structural members like glue laminated (“gluelam”) lumber and other engineered wood products like Trus Joist products and components, as well as other structures that are not wood or wood products such as plastic structures, metal I-beams or other metal components. Glass blocks or other components can be back-lighted to provide illumination or desirable visual effects.
The concrete masonry unit blocks of this invention are typically glued together using construction adhesives such as urethanes or other conventional adhesives that are usually dispensed from cartridges for application. Such adhesives are typically used by fully coating mating surfaces with thin layers of adhesives so that the adhesives to not materially separate abutting blocks and therefore do not significantly contribute to the dimensions of the structures. Such adhesive assembly contrasts with conventional assemblies of brick or cmu blocks with mortar that typically is relatively thick, and therefore materially contributes to the size of structures built of conventional brick or cmu and mortar. However, all construction units (and the lumber, if desired), may be bonded with any suitable bonding material, including, without limitation, construction adhesives; polymeric adhesives, including, without limitation, acrylic adhesives, urethane adhesives, polyester adhesives, thermoplastic adhesives and epoxy adhesives; and masonry mortar and other masonry materials. Moreover, in some applications the blocks of this disclosure may be simply stacked without adhesive or may be secured with mechanical fasteners.
The blocks of this invention can be manufactured upright and flat in a standard or large board block machine
Illustrative embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the following drawing figures:
The subject matter of embodiments of the present invention is described here with specificity to meet statutory requirements, but this description is not necessarily intended to limit the scope of the claims. The claimed subject matter may be embodied in other ways, may include different elements or steps, and may be used in conjunction with other existing or future technologies. This description should not be interpreted as implying any particular order or arrangement among or between various steps or elements except when the order of individual steps or arrangement of elements is explicitly described.
North American softwood framing lumber (used, for example, for studs, joists, plates and the like in building houses and other structures) are identified by their nominal width and thickness dimensions in inches and length in feet. The actual width and thicknesses of such lumber is less than the nominal sizes. The following table sets forth the typical actual dimensions opposite the nominal sizes. These nominal sizes are routinely used to refer to such lumber. These dimensions are generally applicable to both treated and untreated wood lumber and are often also used for man-made construction materials such as manufactured wood, fiber-cement and polymer products.
The blocks of this invention may be manufactured with recesses that serve, either alone or together with another recess, to form pockets intended to receive and hold portions of some of the more commonly used sizes of softwood lumber.
The blocks of this invention may also be sized for assembly with other blocks without the significant thicknesses of bonding material like the mortar usually placed between bricks or conventional cmu blocks. Instead, the blocks are assembled with nothing between adjacent blocks or, more typically, with adhesive between abutting blocks to secure those blocks to each other without appreciably separating the blocks from each other. Block assemblies of this invention containing lumber-sized pockets are superior to other systems that have blocks the same cross-sectional dimensions as the lumber with which they are used so that pockets are formed by omitting blocks. In such other block systems, the blocks are too small to be aesthetically pleasing, and such smaller sizes require more blocks for a particular size of structure, making assembly of such a structure more demanding in terms of time and (at least) adhesive materials.
The cmu blocks of this invention contain recesses or voids dimensioned to receive portions of standard dimensional softwood lumber so that structures of such blocks and standard lumber can be easily and quickly designed and constructed. Such recesses or voids also reduce the weight of a cmu block containing such a void or pocket as compared to a like-sized cmu block without a recess or void. Such recesses or voids can face inward in block assemblies if it is desired that they not be visible.
The actual dimensions of a particular piece of lumber at a particular point in time may vary a little from the “actual size” set forth in the chart above because of variations in planning during processing, variations in moisture content and because of shape changes, such as “cupping,” that a piece of lumber may experience over time. The cross-grain dimensions of lumber vary by measurable, sometimes significant amounts with changes in moisture content as the lumber “dries” from its “green” moisture content when the timber was cut and in response to changes in the moisture content of the air surrounding the lumber after it has been “dried.” Accordingly, it will typically be desirable to manufacture blocks of this invention containing or forming pockets that are modestly larger than the intended actual lumber dimensions shown in the chart above. For instance, the pockets may be formed ⅛ inch larger in thickness and in width than the actual lumber dimensions of the lumber with which the blocks are to be used.
In addition to square and rectangular blocks, blocks may be in the form of a trapezoid so that two facing pairs of such trapezoidal blocks measure 4×8×12 (or any other desired dimensions).
Nominal block dimensions and nominal and actual pocket dimensions may include these exemplary recesses:
Exemplary blocks 20, 22 and 24 of this invention are illustrated in
The joists 30 may be (so called) “2×8” joists having the nominal and actual dimensions set forth in the table above. As is most easily seen in
As depicted in
As depicted in
Like pairs of walls 66 and 68 of this invention appear in
Blocks 50 on opposed ends of each of walls 66 and 68 face each other and each receive one end of 2×4 62, as may be seen in in
An identical table 64 is also supported between blocks 50 on facing wall ends in
Facing straight walls 69 and 71 appear in
Different arrangements of the components depicted in the drawings or described above, as well as components and steps not shown or described are possible. Flexibility in design and construction of components, and of assemblies of components, are among the hallmarks of this invention, so many components and structures in addition to those depicted and described here are possible. Similarly, some features and subcombinations are useful and may be employed without reference to other features and subcombinations. Embodiments of the invention have been described for illustrative and not restrictive purposes, and alternative embodiments will become apparent to readers of this patent. Accordingly, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above or depicted in the drawings, and various embodiments and modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the claims below.
This patent claims priority to and incorporates by reference U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 61/832,360 filed Jun. 7, 2013 for “Concrete Masonry Unit Blocks With Dimensional Lumber Pockets and Assemblies of Blocks and Lumber.”
Number | Date | Country | |
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61832360 | Jun 2013 | US |