The present invention relates to a condenser tumble-dryer having facilities for accommodating the following components: an air-cooled condenser with a heat-exchanger, a drive motor for a clothes drum and for a fan for the process air and the cooling air, ducts and conduit facilities for both airstreams, a condensate collection tray and a condensate pump, and having a base module that is made of plastic and serves as part of the basic design of the tumble-dryer, into which base module said accommodating facilities are molded.
Such a condenser tumble-dryer has an at least approximately horizontally aligned and rotatably mounted clothes drum, two separate systems for the cooling air flow and the process air flow, a motor for driving the fan and clothes drum, an electric heating unit to heat up the process air, a condenser having a heat exchanger in which the process air is cooled and the moisture absorbed by the load to be dried is extracted by condensation, and facilities for removing the condensate.
Condenser tumble-dryers generally include a closed circuit for the process air ducting. During a drying process, the load to be dried is moved around in the rotatable drum and the heated process air is directed onto it, the air being blown in through apertures in the rear wall of the drum and flowing through the clothes drum in a roughly axial direction from the rear wall of the drum towards the front. The process air passes through a lint screen in the region around the loading aperture and reaches the condenser where the process air in the heat condenser is cooled by cooling air that has been sucked in from outside and condenses the moisture absorbed by the drying load. The condensate that has been collected in a collection container is removed using a pump. The process air that has been cooled and dehumidified in the heat exchanger is conveyed into the inside of the drum again via the heating element. The cooling air and process air are each conveyed by a fan, which is usually driven by the drive motor of the clothes drum.
In known tumble-dryers, mainly for reasons of space, a number of operationally necessary functional sub-assemblies and components, such as the drive motor, the fans for the cooling air and process air, the condenser, the condensate collection tray and pump and also facilities for conveying and ducting the process air and cooling air are integrated in a sub-assembly and installed underneath the clothes drum as a base module in the base area of the tumble-dryer.
Such a base module must be dimensioned in such a way that it can accommodate the components and must have sufficient mechanical stability in order to keep the installed components safe. The functional sub-assemblies and components have to be configured and assigned to each other such that their function can be used as effectively as possible in the operation of the tumble-dryer. The closed process air circuit system should be sealed off with minimum resistance in the air ducting so that energy losses and the escape of moisture can be avoided. In order to achieve this, in addition to corresponding air ducting in the base module, in particular the separation points from the end plate, which plate serves among other things to provide bearings at the front of the clothes drum and from the rear process air duct in which the heat register is generally disposed should be designed to be as air-tight as possible. Seal rings or seal cuffs are generally used for this purpose at the separation points of the sub-assemblies. The connections are, for example, mechanically secured with threaded joints such that they withstand the continuous stresses in long term operation.
In addition to the functional requirements, in the design of a base module aspects of rational manufacturing should be considered and where necessary balanced one against another. This affects in particular the manufacturing of the individual parts, which are made mainly of plastic by the injection molding process, but also the ease with which they can be fitted together during final assembly.
The prior art has disclosed various solutions for such base modules, depending on the purpose and on the focus of the design. In a base sub-assembly described in EP 0 434 169 A2, the functional parts are firmly mounted on a load-bearing unit that incorporates the base surface of the dryer. The housings for the fan wheels of the cooling air flow and process air flow are disposed symmetrically on both sides of the motor. The housings for the fan wheels each consist of two shells which are connected to each other by an integral hinge. The lower shells of the housings are mounted on to the load-bearing unit. After fitting the motor and putting in the fan wheels, the two collapsible upper parts are connected to the lower parts by a simple tilting movement and the fan housings are sealed in this way.
Even if the individual parts used for the air ducting are still easy to fit, maintaining a sufficient air-tightness of the air ducts is rather problematic in the construction method described. This applies in particular to the process air supply but also to the fan housings and the accommodation for the condenser.
The cited publication discloses air conduction facilities fixed onto the condenser at the sides to duct the process air and to separate the cooling air flow and process air flow. It is only with fairly considerable effort that it is possible to make said conduction facilities airtight such that the mixing of process air and cooling air and the escape of moisture into the room where the dryer is set up can be avoided.
DE 102 02 442 A1 discloses a push-in unit for a base module with allegedly improved air ducting. The apertures for the intake and outlet of cooling air are located in the area at the front of the tumble-dryer. The base module is pushed from the front into the frame of the housing as a prefabricated sub-assembly and secured in place. Integrated in the base module are spaces to accommodate the condenser, the cooling air fan and process air fan and air ducting and conduction ducts for the ducting of cooling air and process air. The front section of the process air duct is inserted from above, and the point of separation thereof is disposed in a roughly horizontal manner. The tumble-dryer is intended to achieve mechanical stability from the self-supporting housing which has a framework design. The combination of a metal frame and plastic base part is intensive in the use of materials, however, and presents problems during assembly because of the joining methods used.
A self-supporting base sub-assembly configured as part of the whole supporting structure is also known from DE 31 35 292 C2. This sub-assembly is made of plastic and is designed as a base part that fills the whole of the base area of the tumble-dryer, which base part forms the supporting structure together with an intermediate base and an upper part disposed one on top of the other. Molded into said base part are spaces to accommodate the functional parts and facilities for ducting the process air and cooling air. Said base part is part of the supporting structure of the device and in the base area it replaces the usual cross-struts and supporting rails. Corner posts are molded into the base part to provide connection to the housing, which is formed from a frame, said corner posts being joined to the perpendicular corner sections of the frame. This combination of a metal frame and plastic base part is very intensive in the use of materials and presents problems during assembly when connecting the load-bearing structure and the air ducts.
EP 1 508 636 A2 discloses an air suction device of a tumble-dryer, which device includes a housing that has on one side an air suction port to introduce external air; furthermore it has a fan that is built into the housing to generate the suction force; a drive motor to drive the fan, a guide duct to direct to a condensing device the air that has been sucked in; and a ventilation grille which is installed with a certain clearance from one side face of the housing, the suction port being disposed such that a duct can be formed between the ventilation grille and the lateral surface. The ventilation grille is equipped with a plurality of grille plates. The air suction device is at the same time used as a supporting stand for the part of the housing that is located above.
Furthermore, the aforementioned solutions share the common drawback that, in order to avoid energy losses and the escape of moisture, additional seals have to be inserted at the separation points of the components that have to be joined, in particular at the points of separation for the process air ducting.
Furthermore, the aforementioned solutions share the common drawback that, in order to avoid energy losses and the escape of moisture, additional seals have to be inserted at the separation points of the components that have to be joined, in particular at the points of separation for the process air ducting.
The object of the invention is to provide a base module for a condenser tumble-dryer of the type mentioned in the introduction, which module is suitable as a load-bearing body and has high stability whilst maintaining the necessary functions and achieves a flow-favorable and air-tight process air ducting. The object of the invention is also to provide with the new design an altogether more rational manufacturing of the condenser tumble-dryer.
The object of the invention is achieved by the features set out in the claims in such a way that the base module is configured as a compact uniform plastic body for all the components listed and has separating surfaces for connection to the components located at the front and back, which surfaces are each essentially located in at least one perpendicular plane or in at least two perpendicular planes that are offset in a staggered manner in relation to each other.
According to the invention, the base module that serves to accommodate the functional parts and air ducting components is additionally configured as part of the load-bearing structure. For this purpose, the base module has perpendicular separating surfaces for the end plate at the front and the process air cover at the back. The separating surfaces are designed to be extensive and preferably extend over the entire width of the tumble-dryer. It is also an essential feature of the invention that the sub-assemblies are joined and connected without any sealing means. The process air ducting through the base module is achieved via the heat exchanger which is located at the exit of the area in which it is accommodated closely adjacent to an impact-free and seamless contact surface in the base module. The space that accommodates the heat exchanger is configured as a cooling air conduction duct and, just like the housing for the cooling air fan, is sealed off by a lock-on cover. The lock-on covers provide completely adequate air-tightness for the cooling air ducts. The use of sealing means is therefore likewise unnecessary at these connection points.
Compared to the aforementioned known solutions, considerable advantages are achievable with the base module according to the invention, with respect to the mechanical stability thereof as a uniform plastic body and as a part of the whole supporting structure, with respect to an effective ducting of the airstreams and of the manufacture of the individual parts and the assembly thereof in the final assembly stage.
Advantageous embodiments of the invention are also defined.
The invention and the advantages thereof are described in greater detail below with reference to an exemplary embodiment shown in the drawing. The drawing shows:
The base module 7 is a compact plastic body produced by the injection molding process, which body achieves high rigidity by its design and by the ribs 17 that are additionally molded therein in the base area (not visible) and at the sides. Molded into the base module are a space 18 to accommodate the heat exchanger 2 of the condenser 8 and further facilities for accommodating the drive motor and the fan wheels of the process air and cooling air fan 11. The base module 7 is completed by a cover 10, which seals off at the top the space 8 that accommodates the heat exchanger and a second cover 1, which forms the housing for the cooling air fan together with the lower part which is molded into the base module.
Even without known sub-assemblies or supporting angles and supporting rails that provide rigidity, the base module 7 has very high stability and is rigid and torsion-resistant. The base module 7 incorporates the whole width of the tumble-dryer and in the lower region of the device it forms a lateral frame for side walls that are fastened by means of screws (not shown). Unlike known tumble-dryers, the base module 7 is designed to have less depth and has separating surfaces 19, 20 which are perpendicular to the components that are adjacent to the front and back. At the front the base module 7 is locked and screwed in place with the composite body that is made up of the end plate 6 and front wall 4 and at the back it is welded onto the process air cover 14 which likewise has ribs 21 on its outer side.
The front and rear separating surfaces of the base module 7 are each located in a perpendicular plane and are designed to be as extensive as possible, which gives the connections to the endplate 6 and to the process air cover 14 such high stability that the tumble-dryer withstands all the mechanical loads that are exerted during operation and transport without the conventional supporting structures having to be used.
The process air flows through the base module 7 in the heat exchanger 2 from the front to the back. For this purpose, the accommodation space 18 in the base module 7 has at the back, on the inside, a seamless and impact-free contact surface against which the heat exchanger 2, which has been inserted and locked in place, fits closely and in a manner whereby it is subjected to pressure. The connection is sealed by an annular seal 15 which is fixed to the heat exchanger 2. The tightness of the process air ducting is achieved at the front by a second annular seal 16 that is circumferentially attached to the heat exchanger 2. When the heat exchanger 2 has been inserted and locked in place, said seal sits close to the limiting edge of the process air aperture 13 that is molded into the end plate 6.
The cooling air is sucked up through the air inlet aperture 12 in the front wall 4 of the tumble-dryer by the cooling air fan, flows through the heat exchanger 2 in the accommodation space 18 transverse to the direction of the process air flow and from there is further directed through an air outlet aperture that is not shown out into the surrounding space. The cooling air is directed in the area of the cooling air fan and accommodation space 18 through each cover 1 on the cooling air fan and 10 on the accommodation space 18. Both covers 1, 10 are inserted from above and are locked to the base module 7 by exerting perpendicular pressure. The cover 10 for accommodation space 18 provides a flush seal with the outer face of the base module 7. The styling of the cover aperture and the locking means are designed in such a way that the rigidity of the base module 7 is additionally reinforced when the cover 10 is fixed in place. Sufficient air-tightness for the ducting of the cooling air is achieved by means of the lock connection without using additional sealing means.
There are technical reasons for the use of the covers 1, 10 as separate production components because the spaces for the cooling fan and accommodation space 18 cannot be manufactured in one piece with the base module 7. Otherwise it would not be possible to fit either a condensate collection tray or a condensate pump or the cooling air fan wheel (all of which are not shown here). According to the invention, the division of the base module 7 into the necessary minimum number of individual parts is carried out in such a way that the only areas that are joined are areas of cooling air ducting. In this way the constraints and restrictions resulting from assembly requirements do not have any negative effect on the air-tightness of the process air duct or on the function of the tumble-dryer as a whole.
Considerable advantages also emerge from the application of the invention during the final assembly of the tumble-dryer. The number of individual parts that have to be fitted is minimal, in particular as a result of avoiding sealing elements at the separating surfaces of the sub-assemblies. These separating surfaces can be designed to be very smooth and—when fixed together—form surfaces that lie very close together, making any additional sealing measures unnecessary. Equipping the base module 7 with the functional parts for the fan, collection tray and condensate pump and fitting and locking the covers 1, 10 are operational steps that are easy to carry out.
Number | Date | Country | Kind |
---|---|---|---|
10 2005 013 051 | Mar 2005 | DE | national |
Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind | 371c Date |
---|---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP2006/050250 | 1/17/2006 | WO | 00 | 9/13/2007 |
Publishing Document | Publishing Date | Country | Kind |
---|---|---|---|
WO2006/097369 | 9/21/2006 | WO | A |
Number | Name | Date | Kind |
---|---|---|---|
2114776 | Davis | Apr 1938 | A |
2477383 | Lewis | Jul 1949 | A |
2631980 | Lewis | Mar 1953 | A |
2681556 | Creighton et al. | Jun 1954 | A |
2686412 | Ricigliano et al. | Aug 1954 | A |
2688806 | Long | Sep 1954 | A |
2743533 | Smith | May 1956 | A |
2752694 | McCormick | Jul 1956 | A |
2817157 | McCormick | Dec 1957 | A |
2885789 | Conkling et al. | May 1959 | A |
2893135 | Smith | Jul 1959 | A |
2957330 | Cline | Oct 1960 | A |
3032887 | Whyte et al. | May 1962 | A |
3064360 | Sholin | Nov 1962 | A |
3103112 | Behrens et al. | Sep 1963 | A |
3106831 | Behrens | Oct 1963 | A |
3113004 | Shaw | Dec 1963 | A |
3161481 | Edwards | Dec 1964 | A |
3162032 | Behrens | Dec 1964 | A |
3186104 | Stilwell, Jr. | Jun 1965 | A |
3197886 | Brame et al. | Aug 1965 | A |
3206950 | Xeros | Sep 1965 | A |
3250081 | Othmer | May 1966 | A |
3250097 | Czech | May 1966 | A |
3254513 | Gosnell | Jun 1966 | A |
3270531 | Czech | Sep 1966 | A |
3273256 | Behrens | Sep 1966 | A |
3274807 | Czech | Sep 1966 | A |
3283548 | Czech | Nov 1966 | A |
3364592 | Nighswander et al. | Jan 1968 | A |
3387385 | Mandarino, Jr. et al. | Jun 1968 | A |
3486529 | Geibel | Dec 1969 | A |
3584394 | Grabek | Jun 1971 | A |
3605281 | Hubbard et al. | Sep 1971 | A |
3721015 | Sisler et al. | Mar 1973 | A |
3828445 | Smoot | Aug 1974 | A |
3959891 | Burkall | Jun 1976 | A |
4073663 | Lundgren | Feb 1978 | A |
4112590 | Muller | Sep 1978 | A |
4154003 | Muller | May 1979 | A |
4305768 | Lontz | Dec 1981 | A |
4338731 | Shames et al. | Jul 1982 | A |
4538899 | Landa et al. | Sep 1985 | A |
4544493 | Silvis | Oct 1985 | A |
4586269 | St. Louis | May 1986 | A |
5072526 | Hirota et al. | Dec 1991 | A |
5115633 | Priser et al. | May 1992 | A |
5199997 | Stowe | Apr 1993 | A |
5203998 | Benian | Apr 1993 | A |
5216823 | Ripley | Jun 1993 | A |
5228212 | Turetta et al. | Jul 1993 | A |
5246782 | Kennedy et al. | Sep 1993 | A |
5301880 | Benian | Apr 1994 | A |
5409777 | Kennedy et al. | Apr 1995 | A |
5438773 | Chaffee | Aug 1995 | A |
5452045 | Koboshi et al. | Sep 1995 | A |
5495681 | Paradis | Mar 1996 | A |
5510029 | Benian | Apr 1996 | A |
5555647 | Torborg et al. | Sep 1996 | A |
5636453 | Stacik et al. | Jun 1997 | A |
5662050 | Angelo et al. | Sep 1997 | A |
5664340 | Brown | Sep 1997 | A |
5667683 | Benian | Sep 1997 | A |
5730922 | Babb et al. | Mar 1998 | A |
5768730 | Matsumoto et al. | Jun 1998 | A |
5827329 | Champeau | Oct 1998 | A |
6293121 | Labrador | Sep 2001 | B1 |
6312528 | Summerfield et al. | Nov 2001 | B1 |
6327994 | Labrador | Dec 2001 | B1 |
6572910 | Lanner et al. | Jun 2003 | B2 |
6641796 | Micco et al. | Nov 2003 | B2 |
6830767 | Teras et al. | Dec 2004 | B2 |
6938356 | Nagae et al. | Sep 2005 | B2 |
6968632 | Guinibert et al. | Nov 2005 | B2 |
6984948 | Nakata et al. | Jan 2006 | B2 |
6993930 | Blackstone | Feb 2006 | B2 |
7024795 | Tadano et al. | Apr 2006 | B2 |
7024802 | Myung | Apr 2006 | B2 |
7036243 | Doh et al. | May 2006 | B2 |
7065905 | Guinibert et al. | Jun 2006 | B2 |
7121018 | Lee | Oct 2006 | B2 |
7220365 | Qu et al. | May 2007 | B2 |
7225562 | Guinibert et al. | Jun 2007 | B2 |
7257905 | Guinibert et al. | Aug 2007 | B2 |
7263861 | Yabuuchi et al. | Sep 2007 | B2 |
7266965 | Blackstone | Sep 2007 | B2 |
7266966 | Blackstone | Sep 2007 | B2 |
7340849 | Kim | Mar 2008 | B2 |
7367206 | Asada et al. | May 2008 | B2 |
7409776 | Ono et al. | Aug 2008 | B2 |
7412853 | Hong et al. | Aug 2008 | B2 |
7421865 | Lee et al. | Sep 2008 | B2 |
7444843 | Ozturk et al. | Nov 2008 | B2 |
7467483 | Guinibert et al. | Dec 2008 | B2 |
7504784 | Asada et al. | Mar 2009 | B2 |
7506458 | Lee et al. | Mar 2009 | B2 |
7513132 | Wright et al. | Apr 2009 | B2 |
7534304 | Conrad et al. | May 2009 | B2 |
7579798 | Hosoito et al. | Aug 2009 | B2 |
7603878 | Fyvie | Oct 2009 | B2 |
7640678 | Lee et al. | Jan 2010 | B2 |
7694434 | Lee | Apr 2010 | B2 |
7695524 | Wright et al. | Apr 2010 | B2 |
7707860 | Hong et al. | May 2010 | B2 |
7762007 | Guinibert et al. | Jul 2010 | B2 |
7771699 | Adams et al. | Aug 2010 | B2 |
7805856 | Gaβmann et al. | Oct 2010 | B2 |
20010053741 | Micco et al. | Dec 2001 | A1 |
20020018837 | Lanner et al. | Feb 2002 | A1 |
20020018838 | Zimmerman et al. | Feb 2002 | A1 |
20020022076 | Lanner et al. | Feb 2002 | A1 |
20020023662 | Summerfield et al. | Feb 2002 | A1 |
20020028273 | Teras et al. | Mar 2002 | A1 |
20020034571 | Zimmerman et al. | Mar 2002 | A1 |
20020083615 | Giblin et al. | Jul 2002 | A1 |
20030050219 | Micco et al. | Mar 2003 | A1 |
20030066638 | Qu et al. | Apr 2003 | A1 |
20030079368 | Hoffman | May 2003 | A1 |
20030089138 | Kawamura et al. | May 2003 | A1 |
20040045096 | Mani et al. | Mar 2004 | A1 |
20040065125 | Asada et al. | Apr 2004 | A1 |
20040079121 | Yabuuchi et al. | Apr 2004 | A1 |
20040112095 | Bolduan et al. | Jun 2004 | A1 |
20040117919 | Conrad et al. | Jun 2004 | A1 |
20040124807 | Nakata et al. | Jul 2004 | A1 |
20040139555 | Conrad et al. | Jul 2004 | A1 |
20040168459 | Blackstone | Sep 2004 | A1 |
20050016199 | Blackstone | Jan 2005 | A1 |
20050044744 | Tadano et al. | Mar 2005 | A1 |
20050076535 | Guinibert et al. | Apr 2005 | A1 |
20050086827 | Nagae et al. | Apr 2005 | A1 |
20050091755 | Conrad et al. | May 2005 | A1 |
20050091756 | Wright et al. | May 2005 | A1 |
20050092352 | Luckman et al. | May 2005 | A1 |
20050115104 | Guinibert et al. | Jun 2005 | A1 |
20050132594 | Doh et al. | Jun 2005 | A1 |
20050132600 | Myung | Jun 2005 | A1 |
20050132757 | Lee et al. | Jun 2005 | A1 |
20050138831 | Lee | Jun 2005 | A1 |
20050150059 | Luckman et al. | Jul 2005 | A1 |
20050155393 | Wright et al. | Jul 2005 | A1 |
20050160771 | Hosoito et al. | Jul 2005 | A1 |
20050178138 | Blackstone | Aug 2005 | A1 |
20050198851 | Tomochika et al. | Sep 2005 | A1 |
20050198852 | Ono et al. | Sep 2005 | A1 |
20050204755 | Nishiwaki et al. | Sep 2005 | A1 |
20050246920 | Yabuuchi et al. | Nov 2005 | A1 |
20050268483 | Park et al. | Dec 2005 | A1 |
20060041448 | Patterson et al. | Feb 2006 | A1 |
20060059632 | Fyvie | Mar 2006 | A1 |
20060080819 | McAllister | Apr 2006 | A1 |
20060096335 | Park et al. | May 2006 | A1 |
20060123853 | Hong et al. | Jun 2006 | A1 |
20060123854 | Hong et al. | Jun 2006 | A1 |
20060218817 | Lee | Oct 2006 | A1 |
20070006477 | Guinibert et al. | Jan 2007 | A1 |
20070062513 | Gagas | Mar 2007 | A1 |
20070098625 | Adams et al. | May 2007 | A1 |
20070107250 | Gassmann et al. | May 2007 | A1 |
20070107251 | Goldberg et al. | May 2007 | A1 |
20070145941 | Asada et al. | Jun 2007 | A1 |
20070186440 | Guinibert et al. | Aug 2007 | A1 |
20070207186 | Scanlon et al. | Sep 2007 | A1 |
20070220776 | Guinibert et al. | Sep 2007 | A1 |
20080000098 | Choi et al. | Jan 2008 | A1 |
20080066484 | Blackstone | Mar 2008 | A1 |
20080104862 | Dittmar et al. | May 2008 | A1 |
20080141550 | Bae et al. | Jun 2008 | A1 |
20080148494 | Son et al. | Jun 2008 | A1 |
20080163510 | Dittmar et al. | Jul 2008 | A1 |
20080168679 | Son et al. | Jul 2008 | A1 |
20080170982 | Zhang et al. | Jul 2008 | A1 |
20080184585 | Yoo et al. | Aug 2008 | A1 |
20080189973 | Dittmer et al. | Aug 2008 | A1 |
20080189974 | Dittmer et al. | Aug 2008 | A1 |
20080209954 | Nakiri | Sep 2008 | A1 |
20080235977 | Kuwabara | Oct 2008 | A1 |
20080276656 | Kitamura et al. | Nov 2008 | A1 |
20080313922 | Bae et al. | Dec 2008 | A1 |
20090000184 | Garwood | Jan 2009 | A1 |
20090044932 | Blackstone | Feb 2009 | A1 |
20090054290 | Fernholz et al. | Feb 2009 | A1 |
20090062581 | Appel et al. | Mar 2009 | A1 |
20090071031 | Kim | Mar 2009 | A1 |
20090083990 | Bae et al. | Apr 2009 | A1 |
20090094852 | Tatsumi et al. | Apr 2009 | A1 |
20090113745 | Choi et al. | May 2009 | A1 |
20090113755 | Choi et al. | May 2009 | A1 |
20090126222 | Bae et al. | May 2009 | A1 |
20090126420 | Tsunemine et al. | May 2009 | A1 |
20090126423 | Bae et al. | May 2009 | A1 |
20090133281 | Yoon et al. | May 2009 | A1 |
20090139107 | Grunert et al. | Jun 2009 | A1 |
20090158928 | Wu et al. | Jun 2009 | A1 |
20090172967 | Son et al. | Jul 2009 | A1 |
20090215000 | Boots et al. | Aug 2009 | A1 |
20090226308 | Vandor | Sep 2009 | A1 |
20090229141 | Nawrot et al. | Sep 2009 | A1 |
20090255299 | Hiro et al. | Oct 2009 | A1 |
20090265953 | Bae et al. | Oct 2009 | A1 |
20090277035 | Choi et al. | Nov 2009 | A1 |
20090288456 | Bae et al. | Nov 2009 | A1 |
20090320319 | Grunert et al. | Dec 2009 | A1 |
20100000117 | Choi et al. | Jan 2010 | A1 |
20100005679 | Goldberg et al. | Jan 2010 | A1 |
20100005681 | Jo et al. | Jan 2010 | A1 |
20100011605 | Kim et al. | Jan 2010 | A1 |
20100011606 | Kim et al. | Jan 2010 | A1 |
20100011607 | Kim et al. | Jan 2010 | A1 |
20100011608 | Grunert et al. | Jan 2010 | A1 |
20100011611 | Kim et al. | Jan 2010 | A1 |
20100050701 | Boriani et al. | Mar 2010 | A1 |
20100058605 | Kang | Mar 2010 | A1 |
20100071224 | Chung | Mar 2010 | A1 |
20100077787 | Masuda et al. | Apr 2010 | A1 |
20100101606 | Grunert | Apr 2010 | A1 |
20100115784 | Jo et al. | May 2010 | A1 |
20100115785 | Ben-Shmuel et al. | May 2010 | A1 |
20100130676 | Suzuki et al. | May 2010 | A1 |
20100139366 | Krausch | Jun 2010 | A1 |
20100146809 | Grunert et al. | Jun 2010 | A1 |
20100146812 | Ahn et al. | Jun 2010 | A1 |
20100154454 | Blackstone | Jun 2010 | A1 |
20100175432 | Komori et al. | Jul 2010 | A1 |
20100206248 | Mok | Aug 2010 | A1 |
20100212178 | Corberan Salvador et al. | Aug 2010 | A1 |
20100212369 | Grunert et al. | Aug 2010 | A1 |
20100275457 | Balerdi Azpilicueta et al. | Nov 2010 | A1 |
20100293804 | Nawrot et al. | Nov 2010 | A1 |
20100319146 | Goldberg et al. | Dec 2010 | A1 |
20100322819 | Kim et al. | Dec 2010 | A1 |
Number | Date | Country |
---|---|---|
31 35 292 | Mar 1983 | DE |
3148573 | Jun 1983 | DE |
4009102 | Sep 1991 | DE |
4011507 | Dec 1991 | DE |
4434205 | Mar 1996 | DE |
198 11 962 | Sep 1999 | DE |
102 02 442 | Aug 2003 | DE |
0 434 169 | Jun 1991 | EP |
0 481 187 | Apr 1992 | EP |
1391550 | Feb 2004 | EP |
1 508 636 | Feb 2005 | EP |
1 548 178 | Jun 2005 | EP |
1 595 994 | Nov 2005 | EP |
1710339 | Oct 2006 | EP |
2110251 | Jun 1983 | GB |
2184217 | Jun 1987 | GB |
60238696 | Nov 1985 | JP |
01151495 | Jun 1989 | JP |
02026597 | Jan 1990 | JP |
03218800 | Sep 1991 | JP |
03280997 | Dec 1991 | JP |
04075697 | Mar 1992 | JP |
04126196 | Apr 1992 | JP |
04152970 | May 1992 | JP |
04200590 | Jul 1992 | JP |
04240494 | Aug 1992 | JP |
08252395 | Oct 1996 | JP |
09173697 | Jul 1997 | JP |
10005496 | Jan 1998 | JP |
10033896 | Feb 1998 | JP |
10211383 | Aug 1998 | JP |
11164996 | Jun 1999 | JP |
2002200395 | Jul 2002 | JP |
2004229954 | Aug 2004 | JP |
2005095632 | Apr 2005 | JP |
2005124763 | May 2005 | JP |
2007143712 | Jun 2007 | JP |
WO 9207989 | May 1992 | WO |
WO 0047810 | Aug 2000 | WO |
Number | Date | Country | |
---|---|---|---|
20080189973 A1 | Aug 2008 | US |