Claims
- 1. A polyanionic polymer chain having the formula:
- 2. The polyanionic polymer of claim 1 wherein said anionic group comprises an orthoborate group.
- 3. A polyanionic polymer chain of claim 1 wherein AL has the formula:
- 4. A polyanionic polymer of claim 1 wherein said counterion M+k is a cation selected from the group comprising hydrogen, Group I metals, Group II metals, NR4 and PR4 wherein R is hydrogen, alkyl, or halo; and k is one to three.
- 5. The polyanionic polymer of claim 1 wherein k is one and M+k is lithium, sodium, rubidium or potassium or tetramethylammonium ion.
- 6. The polyanionic polymer of f claim 5 wherein M+k is lithium ion.
- 7. The polyanionic polymer of claim 3 wherein Y is (O)C(CR2)aC(O) wherein a is 0 to 5 and R is selected from the group comprising hydrogen, alkyl, and halo.
- 8. The polyanionic polymer of claim 3 wherein Y is
tetra(trifluromethyl)ethylene dialato or silane-co-tetraethyleneglycalato.
- 9. The polyanionic polymer of claim 8 wherein Y is oxalato or malonato.
- 10. The polyanionic polymer of claim 3 wherein Z is a polyether having the formula [O(CR2)aCR2]n wherein a is zero to about 20, n is from about 2 to 100 and R is halo, alkyl or phenyl.
- 11. The polyanionic polymer of claim 3 wherein Z is oligo(ethylene glycol)n or oligo(propylene glycol)n wherein n is 2 to about 50.
- 12. The polyanionic polymer of claim 3 wherein Z is a polysiloxane having the formula Si[(CR3)2]-O(CR2CR2O)n wherein n is 2 to about 50 and R is hydrogen or alkyl.
- 13. The polyanionic polymer of claim 1 wherein said anion A comprises a Group III element and oxygen and said polymeric chain group L comprises n spacer groups Z selected from the group comprising oligo(ethylene glycol)n or oligo(propylene glycol)n wherein n is 1 to about 30 and wherein Z is the same or different in each occurrence.
- 14. The polyanionic polymer of claim 1 wherein said anion A comprises a borate anion having two oxygens bound to a dibasic acid residue and two oxygens bound to polymeric chain groups L, wherein said polymeric chain group L comprises n spacer groups Z selected from the group comprising [(CR2)a(CR2O)]n, wherein a is zero to about 50, R is selected from the group comprising hydrogen, halo, hydroxyl, alkyl, aklenyl, alkoxy, phenyl and substituted phenyl and wherein n is 1 to about 30 and wherein Z is the same or different in each occurrence.
- 15. The polyanionic polymer of claim 1 selected from the group comprising poly [lithium oxalato oligo(ethylene glycolato)n orthoborate], poly [lithium oxalato oligo(propylene glycolato)n orthoborate], poly [lithium malonato oligo(ethylene glycolato)n orthoborate and poly [lithium malonato oligo(propylene glycolato)n orthoborate wherein n is 3,5,9 or about 14.
- 16. A method for forming a polyanionic chain polymer of claim 1 comprising combining
(a) a weakly coordinating anionic group having the formula:MAwherein
A is an anionic group comprising oxygen and a Group III element and a capping group Y; M is hydrogen ion, a cation or a cationic group; and b. a polymeric chain group having the formula:LBwherein B is a reactive group capable of combining with M under conditions whereby L binds to A and the molecule MB is formed.
- 17. The method of claim 16 wherein
A is an orthoborate or an aluminate group Y is bound to two oxygens of said orthoborate or aluminate group and is selected from the group comprising (O)C(CR2)aCO, wherein a is 0 to 5, SO2, aryl, phenyl and R-substituted phenyl 1,3 tetra(trifluromethyl)ethylene dialato, and silane-co-tetraethyleneglycalato M is hydrogen or lithium wherein R is alkyl or halo; L comprises (Z)n spacer groups selected from the group comprising (CR2)n, and (CR2O)n wherein n is 1 to about 30, wherein R is hydrogen, alkyl, or halo and wherein Z is the same or different in each occurrence, and B is hydroxyl or halo.
- 18. The method of claim 16 wherein said spacer groups are selected from the group comprising polyethylene, polypropylene, and isopolypropylene.
- 19. A polyanionic polymer made by the method of claim 16, comprising repeat groups having the formula.
- 20. The polyanionic polymer of claim 1 comprising in addition a polymeric compound selected from the group comprising a non-ionic chain polymer, a polymer comprising cationic or anionic groups, a polymer network or a block co-polymer.
- 21. The polyanionic polymer of claim 1 comprising in addition a salt having high conductivity.
- 22. The polyanionic polymer of claim 1 affixed to a solid matrix surface.
- 23. The polyanionic polymer of claim 1 formed into a film.
- 24. A cross-linked polyanionic polymer prepared by forming chemical bonds between said polymeric chain groups of claim 1.
- 25. A polyanionic polymeric network comprising the cross-linked polymer of claim 24.
- 26. A polyanionic polymeric network formed by contacting chain polymers of claim 1 with boron hydride under conditions whereby cross-linking between said chains occurs.
- 27. The polyanionic polymer of claim 1 comprising in addition a plasticizer.
- 28. The polyanionic polymer of claim 27 wherein said plasticizer is a carbonate plasticizer selected from the group comprising ethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate, butylene carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, and diethyl carbonate.
- 29. The polyanionic polymer of claim 27 wherein said plasticizer is a non-carbonate plasticizer selected from the group comprising dimethylsulfoxide, dimethyl sulfone, ethylmethylsulfone, butyrolactone, 1,2-dimethoxyethane, and 1,2-diethoxyethane.
- 30. The polyanionic polymer of claim 27 wherein said plasticizer is a mixture of carbonate plasticizers selected from the group comprising ethylene carbonate and propylene carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, and diethyl carbonate.
- 31. The polyanionic polymer of claim 27 wherein said plasticizer is a mixture of carbonate plasticizers selected from the group comprising ethylene carbonate and propylene carbonate, dimethyl carbonate and diethyl carbonate.
- 32. The polyanionic polymer of claim 1 in a solvent selected from the group comprising acetonitrile, acetone, and tetrahydrofuran.
- 33. The polyanionic cross-linked chain polymer of claim 26 comprising in addition a plasticizer.
- 34. A solid polymeric electrolyte comprising a polyanionic polymer of claim 1.
- 35. A solid polymeric electrolyte comprising a polyanionic polymer of claim 24.
- 36. A solid polymeric electrolyte comprising a polyanionic polymer of claim 32.
- 37. A solid polymeric electrolyte comprising a polyanionic polymer of claim 23.
- 38. A solid polymeric electrolyte comprising a polyanionic polymer of claim 20.
- 39. The polyanionic polymer of claim 1 in an electrochemical cell.
- 40. The polyanionic polymer of claim 1 in a lithium battery.
Parent Case Info
[0001] This application claims priority rights based on U.S. Provisional Application Serial No. 60/212,231, filed Jun. 16, 2000 and 60/290,864 filed May 14, 2001. The above-identified provisional applications are hereby incorporated by reference.
Government Interests
[0002] Financial assistance for this project was provided by the U.S. Government through the National Science Foundation under Grant No. CHE-9808678 and the Department of Energy under Grant Nos. DEFG0393ER14378-003 and DEFG0395ER45541. Therefore, the United States Government may own certain rights to this invention.
PCT Information
Filing Document |
Filing Date |
Country |
Kind |
PCT/US01/41009 |
6/16/2001 |
WO |
|