Patent Application
20190266650
This disclosure generally relates to the field of authentication. More particularly, the disclosure relates to a configuration for authenticating a virtual item.
The authenticity of real-world collectors' items (e.g., paintings, sculptures, etc.) is typically established by documenting the ownership history of the item in question. Various forms of proof may be used to establish such ownership history, but are somewhat questionable in a real-world environment and are often far more difficult to obtain in a virtual environment. Further, in a virtual environment where electronic duplication is significantly faster than a real-world environment, authenticating an artist's work is even more difficult.
In one aspect, a computer program product comprises a non-transitory computer readable storage device having a computer readable program stored thereon. The computer readable program when executed on a computer causes the computer to generate, with a processor, a certificate of authenticity for a virtual item. Further, the computer readable program when executed on the computer causes the computer to send, with the processor, the certificate of authenticity to a decentralized network of computing devices such that two or more of the computing devices store the certificate of authenticity, receive, from a user device that provides a virtual reality experience in which a virtual item is purchased, a request for authentication of the certificate of authenticity, and authenticate the certificate of authenticity based on one or more consistency criteria for the certificate of authenticity being met by the two or more computing devices.
In another aspect, an apparatus has a processor that performs the functionality of the computer readable program. In yet another aspect, a process performs such functionality.
The above-mentioned features of the present disclosure will become more apparent with reference to the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals denote like elements and in which:
A configuration for authenticating authorship and/or origin of a virtual item is provided. The configuration allows users to verify the authenticity of an item prior to, in conjunction with, or after purchase in a virtual experience such as in a VR environment, augmented reality (“AR”) environment, video game, website, etc. Further, the configuration reduces the possibility of viable, yet non-authentic, copies of that virtual item. In particular, the configuration uses a decentralized network to store credentials for a virtual item amongst multiple devices. Rather than having the credentials for a virtual item stored in a centralized location such as a server, which provides a single point of security vulnerability for obtaining and copying the credentials, the configuration reduces that risk by storing the credentials on multiple devices.
In one aspect, the author of the virtual item has a private key that is used to generate a digital signature that is accompanied with the certificate of authenticity in the blockchain ledgers. To authenticate the certificate of authenticity, the multiple devices may communicate with each other and compare the digital signatures to ensure that the digital signature stored in multiple blockchain ledgers is that of the author.
In one aspect, the blockchain ledger stores the actual certificates of authenticity. In addition, or in the alternative, the blockchain ledger stores transactions that establish a chain of title (i.e., a history transactions effectuating transfer of ownership) for the virtual item.
In another aspect, the blockchain ledger is particular to certificates of authenticity. In yet another aspect, the blockchain ledger may store other types of data and transactions (i.e., not associated with certificates of authenticity) in blocks of the linked list along with the certificates of authenticity.
As illustrated, the virtual item authentication system 100 comprises a processor 102, a memory 106, e.g., random access memory (“RAM”) and/or read only memory (“ROM”), a data storage device 108, and various input/output (“I/O”) devices 104. The I/O devices 104 (e.g., hand controller, headset, keyboard, mouse, joystick, camera, biometric sensor, mobile device, wearable devices, etc.) may be used by an author to compose the virtual item. For example, the author may draw a virtual painting, sculpt a virtual sculpture, etc. via inputs that are recognized by the I/O devices 104.
After composing the virtual item, the author may also use the I/O devices 104 to provide inputs to certificate of generation code 110 stored on the data storage device 108. As a result, a certificate of authenticity is generated for the virtual item. For example, one of the inputs may be a digital signature performed by the author with the private key of a private-public key encryption pair.
In one aspect, the data storage device 108 loads the certificate generation code 110 from a computer readable storage device, e.g., a magnetic or optical drive, diskette, or non-volatile memory, DVD, CD-ROM, etc. In another aspect, the data storage device 108 is the computer readable storage device. As such, the certificate generation code 110 and associated data structures of the present disclosure may be stored on a computer readable storage device.
The virtual item authentication system 100 improves the functioning of a computing device by reducing the processing time that an authentication system uses to authenticate a virtual item. In contrast with a system expending resources trying to obtain various forms of proof for authenticating a virtual item via third-party intermediaries, which may involve a significant amount of processing time, the virtual item authentication system 100 generates a certificate of authenticity that allows for real-time (i.e., without a perceivable time delay), or substantially real-time, authentication of the virtual item by multiple devices. For example, multiple devices may each independently verify the digital signature of the certificate of authenticity via the public key included in, or with, the certificate of authenticity generated by the processor 102 in a simultaneous (i.e., without a perceivable time delay), or substantially simultaneous, manner. As a result, the decentralized network of multiple devices is a trusted authentication system that independently authenticates the certificate of authenticity without additional resources being expended on communicating with a third-party expert that would manually examine the certificate of authenticity. Therefore, the virtual item authentication system 100 is a technological solution that reduces the processing time for authenticating the certificate of authenticity and realistically allows for a purchase and authentication of a virtual item in real-time or substantially real-time.
After generating the certificate of authenticity described with respect to
When a user purchases a virtual item, the user may authenticate, via a user device 203, the corresponding certificate of authenticity. For instance, the decentralized authentication configuration 200 may receive an authentication request from the user device 203. Two or more of the computing devices 202a-202c may compare their respective versions of the certificate of authenticity and/or verify the digital signatures of the certificate of authenticity. In other words, the computing devices 202a-202c may communicate with each other to perform a peer-to-peer authentication of the certificate of authenticity. Further, the two or more of the computing devices 202a-202c may also compare other portions of their respective blockchain ledgers—not necessarily associated with the virtual item being authenticated—to ensure that the blockchain as a whole has not been manipulated.
As examples, the computing device 202a is illustrated as a smartphone, the computing device 202b is illustrated as a tablet device, and the computing device 202c is illustrated as a desktop personal computer (“PC”); a variety of other computing devices may be used instead. Further, three computing devices 202a-202c are illustrated only as examples as two or more computing devices 202a-202c may be used in the decentralized authentication configuration 200.
In addition, each block may store an authentication parameter (e.g., a hash function) that is based on data from the previous block. For example, block 301b may store a hash function H (block 301a) that is the result of a hash function being performed on all, or some, of the certificate of authenticity data stored in block 301a. Further, block 301c may store the same hash function (or possibly a different Hash function) H (block 301b) that is the result of the hash function being performed on all, or some, of the certificate of authenticity data stored in block 301b. The blockchain mechanism illustrated in
Other than verifying the digital signatures of the particular certificate of authenticity that is being authenticated, the computing devices 202a-c (
In one aspect, each certificate of authenticity is a token. In other words, the token associated with the certificate of authenticity is generated upon the author providing the certificate of authenticity for storage in the data structure 300. Any transactions associated with that token (i.e., a sale of the virtual item and corresponding certificate of authenticity) may then also be recorded in the blockchain ledger so that a chain of title may be established for the virtual item. Accordingly, various forms of consistency criteria (e.g., digital signature verification, blockchain ledger integrity, etc.) may be used to authenticate the certificate of authenticity.
In another aspect, the GUI 402 may be displayed by a computing device distinct from the VR headset 203. For example, the user 401 may be immersed in a VR experience via the VR headset 203, but then purchase the virtual item at a desktop pc after completion of the VR experience.
Further,
At a process block 608, the process 600 also receives, with the first computing device, a request for authentication of the certificate of authenticity. Further, at a process block 610 the process 600 decrypts, at the first computing device with a public key associated with the digital signature, the digital signature to provide a first layer of authentication of the certificate of authenticity. In addition, at a process block 612, the process 600 receives, at the first computing device through a decentralized network 201 (
The processes described herein may be implemented in a specialized processor. Such a processor will execute instructions, either at the assembly, compiled or machine-level, to perform the processes. Those instructions can be written by one of ordinary skill in the art following the description of the figures corresponding to the processes and stored or transmitted on a computer readable medium. The instructions may also be created using source code or any other known computer-aided design tool. A computer readable medium may be any medium, e.g., computer readable storage device, capable of carrying those instructions and include a CD-ROM, DVD, magnetic or other optical disc, tape, silicon memory (e.g., removable, non-removable, volatile or non-volatile), packetized or non-packetized data through wireline or wireless transmissions locally or remotely through a network. A computer is herein intended to include any device that has a specialized, general, multi-purpose, or single purpose processor as described above. For example, a computer may be a desktop computer, laptop, smartphone, tablet device, set top box, etc.
It is understood that the apparatuses, systems, computer program products, and processes described herein may also be applied in other types of apparatuses, systems, computer program products, and processes. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the various adaptations and modifications of the aspects of the apparatuses, systems, computer program products, and processes described herein may be configured without departing from the scope and spirit of the present apparatuses, systems, computer program products, and processes. Therefore, it is to be understood that, within the scope of the appended claims, the present apparatuses, systems, computer program products, and processes may be practiced other than as specifically described herein.
