BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to connections between wellbore components. More particularly, the invention relates to a connection between rotating components that results in longer life and less wear.
Description of the Related Art
Wellbore components, both operating in a wellbore and at the surface of the wellbore, are typically rotated in order to drill the wellbore or to insert and run tubular strings to be cemented in the bore. In one instance, during a cementing operation, cement is injected into a work string at an upper end and is pumped through a variety of components before being pumped upwards from a lower end of the well in order to seal an annular area between a tubular string and walls of the wellbore. One component in the string is a cementing head that facilitates the cement job by launching darts that separate cement from other fluids being pumped. Presently, cement heads are threaded into a string in a typical manner. Stresses associated with rotation create wear on the connections and can result in the entire component having to be removed for repair or replaced, leading to delays and additional cost.
What is needed is a connection between wellbore components that can better tolerate stresses generated in use.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The invention includes a connection between two wellbore components. In one embodiment, a male portion has a plurality of sets of male formations formed on an outer surface and a plurality of male knobs disposed around the outer surface, each knob adjacent a set of the male formations; a female portion has a plurality of mating sets of female formations formed on an inner surface thereof with each set separated by a female gap and a plurality of female knobs disposed around the inner surface, each knob adjacent a set of the female formations. Each male gap is wider than each female formation and each female gap is wider than each male formation wherein the male and female portions can be mated together in a manner whereby the male sets occupy female gaps and the female sets occupy the male gaps and, thereafter, the male portion is rotatable in a counterclockwise direction relative to the female portion to interconnect the male and female formations, thereby preventing axial movement of one portion relative to the other portion.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
So that the manner in which the above recited features of the present invention can be understood in detail, a more particular description of the invention, briefly summarized above, may be had by reference to embodiments, some of which are illustrated in the appended drawings. It is to be noted, however, that the appended drawings illustrate only typical embodiments of this invention and are therefore not to be considered limiting of its scope, for the invention may admit to other equally effective embodiments.
FIG. 1 is a section view of a female portion of a connection.
FIG. 2 is a view of a male portion of the connection.
FIG. 3 is a partial section view of the connection with the male portion partially inserted into the female portion.
FIG. 4 is a partial section view of the connection with the male portion fully inserted.
FIG. 5 is a partial section view of the connection after the male portion has been rotated in a counterclockwise direction relative to the female portion.
FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a tab holder with tabs.
FIG. 7 is a partial section view showing the tab holder and tabs being inserted into the connection.
FIG. 8 is a partial section view showing the tabs inserted into the connection.
FIG. 9 is a section view taken along lines 9-9 of FIG. 4.
FIG. 10 is a section view taken along lines 10-10 of FIG. 5.
FIG. 11 is a section view taken along line 11-11 of FIG. 4.
FIG. 12 is a section view taken along a line 12-12 of FIG. 5.
FIG. 13 is a section view taken along a line 13-13 of FIG. 8.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
In this disclosure “wellbore components” refers to any components utilized at or in a wellbore and includes connections made and used in a wellbore as well as those made and used at the surface of the well. FIG. 1 is a section view of a female portion 100 of a connection, and FIG. 2 is a view of a male portion 200 of the connection. Regarding FIG. 1, the portion 100 includes a plurality of female formations 110 disposed around an interior of the portion in the area where the connection will be made with the male portion 200. Each set of formations 110 includes any number of grooves (not shown in detail) resembling a thread but lacking any pitch. The grooves are formed one above the other perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the female portion 100. In the embodiment shown, the plurality of formations 110 are equally spaced around the portion with each having a width Wff and with female gaps 112 between each formation 110. Each female gap has a width Wfg.
At one end of each formation 110 a female anti-rotation knob 115 is formed. As is evident from the Figure, each knob 115 is offset from a centerline of the formation in a manner whereby one side of the knob 115 is aligned with one edge of the formation 110 above it. The formations 110 and the knobs 115 act to form part of the connection with the male portion 200 as will be explained herein. Formed between the knobs and more precisely at a midpoint of each female gap is an aperture 118 that is alignable with apertures formed in another component of the connection to secure the completed connection. In the embodiment shown, the female components of the connection are formed on a cementing head and certain hardware associated with the cement head's use are shown. It will be understood however, that the particular component is not important and the connection portion can be formed on any component or, in some cases, a separate sub can include a female portion 100 at a first end and a male portion 200 at a second end. Two sealing surfaces are formed at an opposite end of the formations 110 from the knobs 115. One surface 120 is a tapered surface and the other sealing surface 122 is a flat surface. Each surface is constructed and arranged to fit mating surfaces of the male portion 200 (FIG. 2).
FIG. 2 shows the male portion 200 that will form a connection with the female portion of FIG. 1. Disposed around an outside surface of the male portion in the area of the connection are a plurality of male formations 210, each of which has a width Wmf and each of which is separated by male gaps 212 having a width Wmg. As with the female portion, the male portion includes a plurality of male anti-rotation knobs 215, each of which is located at an end of each formation 210 and offset in a manner whereby one side of each knob is aligned with an edge of a corresponding formation. The male portion also includes a nose portion with sealing surfaces 220, 222 that mate with surfaces 120, 122 of the female portion in order to facilitate the sealing of the male and female portions when they are mated.
As shown, the component of FIG. 1 includes male threads of the connection at an upper end. In fact, separate sections, or subs can be used with male and female connections permitting the components to be connected in series. While FIG. 1 shows a component with a male connection at an upper end, it will be understood that the connection of the invention can be used in any manner and the component of FIG. 1 could have a conventional threaded attachment means at an upper end.
FIG. 3 is a partial section view of the connection with the male portion 200 partially inserted into the female portion 100. As illustrated, as the connection is made, the male portion is inserted into the female portion in a manner whereby the formations 110, 210 of each portion 100, 200 occupy the gaps 112, 212 of the other portion. To make this possible the female formations 110 are of a smaller width Wff than the width Wmg of the male gaps 212 and the male formations 210 are of a smaller width Wff than the width Wfg of the female gaps 112. Movement of the male portion into the female portion is shown by arrow 140.
FIG. 4 is a partial section view of the connection with the male portion 200 fully inserted. In this view, the formations of the male portion 210 are visible while the corresponding formations of the female portion 110 are hidden. As shown, the sealing surfaces of the male portion 220, 222 have sealed against surfaces 120, 122 of the female portion. FIG. 9 is a section view taken along lines 9-9 of FIG. 4. The purpose of FIG. 9 is to show the formations of each portion in the position of FIG. 4 wherein the male portion 200 has been inserted but not yet rotated within the female portion 100. As illustrated in FIG. 9, the male formations 210 are visible and the female formations 110 are also visible but not in section as the formations 110, 210 are ready to be threaded together and the female formations are necessarily slightly below the plane of the section view. Also visible is the differences in the width between the female formations 110 and the male gaps 212. FIG. 11 is a section view taken along line 11-11 of FIG. 4. The section view more specifically is taken in the area of the male 215 and female 115 knobs and illustrates how the male portion 200, after axial installation can now be rotated to the left in a counterclockwise direction (appears as clockwise in the section view of FIG. 11) until the knobs 115, 215 interact to stop rotation. Also visible are the apertures 118 formed in the female portion.
FIG. 5 is a partial section view of the connection after the male portion 200 has been rotated in a counterclockwise direction relative to the female portion 100. The rotation of the male portion has been illustrated by arrow 240. FIG. 10 is a section view of the rotated (rotation shown by arrow 240) portions and like FIG. 9 is taken in the area of the formations. In this case, the formations 110, 210, rather than occupying the gaps between the sets of the other portion, are interconnected or “threaded” together to occupy the same rotational location, leaving the gaps 112, 212 of each portion aligned and running the length of the connection. In the Figure the female formations are shown in section. FIG. 12 is a section view taken along a line 12-12 of FIG. 5. The figure shows the portions after counterclockwise rotation 240 of the male portion. The figure shows the interaction of the male 215 and female 115 knobs as they interfere with each other and prevent additional rotation of the male portion 200 within the female portion 100. The knobs are constructed and arranged to interfere with each other when the formations are completely interconnected and occupying the same rotational location. After rotation, a “knob gap” 500 is formed between adjacent knobs 115, 215.
FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a tab holder 300 with tabs 312. In the example shown, the holder includes a base portion 302 as well as three tabs. The purpose of the tabs 312 is to be inserted into the completed and rotated connection and to fill the knob gaps 500 between male and female knobs 115, 215 in order to prevent the male portion 200 from rotating clockwise, relative to the female portion 100. In the example shown, the base portion 302 of the holder 300 forms a partial circle but the holder/base portion could be formed in a variety of ways so long as the tabs 312 are placed along the base portion in a manner whereby they are spaced to fit the gaps 112, 212 of the connection. In one example, there are 6 gaps formed radially around the madeup connection. Two tab holders 300 are then utilized, each of which includes three tabs 312 so the resulting arrangement provides tabs for all six gaps. In the embodiment shown, each tab includes an aperture 318 formed therein which, when inserted into the connection aligns with the apertures 118 formed in the female portion to permit a fastener or other retaining member to be inserted, thereby preventing the tabs from “backing out” of the connection during use. In one embodiment the tabs are intentionally formed of weaker material than the adjacent knobs thereby causing the tabs to be damaged prior to the knobs in the even of high stress. In one example the tabs are formed of material having 110 yield strength while the knobs are 135 yield strength (ksi). Additionally the tabs can be formed in a manner where they are geometrically weaker than the surrounding knobs. In one instance they are simply formed of less material than the knobs resulting in a weaker structure.
FIG. 7 is a partial section view showing the tab holder 300 and tabs 312 during insertion into the connection (see arrow 320) and FIG. 8 is a partial section view showing the tabs 312 inserted into the connection. In the Figures, the male portion 200 has been inserted into the female portion 100 and rotated counterclockwise to make the connection. The knobs 115, 215 of each portion 100, 200 are shown interfering with each other to prevent further rotation (the knobs 115 of the female portion 100 are shown in dotted lines). FIG. 13 is a section view taken along a line 13-13 of FIG. 8 in the area of the knobs 115, 215 and the tabs 312. The Figure shows the tabs 312 inserted into the knob gap 500 between the knobs. In this position, the tabs prevent clockwise rotation of the male portion relative to the female portion and effectively keep the connection from becoming “unmade”. Also shown in the Figure are fasteners 400 that have been inserted through apertures 118 of the female portion 100, as well as the apertures 318 of the tabs 312.
In operation the connection is made up as follows: A male portion is rotated to a position whereby it can be inserted into a female portion (formations are alternating). Thereafter, the male portion is rotated in a counterclockwise direction relative to the female portion with the formations of each acting interconnecting to prevent axial movement between the portions. In one embodiment, further counterclockwise rotation is prevented when knobs of each portion interfere with each other. Thereafter, a tab holder with tabs is inserted into knob gaps formed between the knobs of the male and female connection. The tabs prevent the male portion from rotating clockwise relative to the female portion. In use the two connected components are typically rotated clockwise, thereby the rotational forces tend to be between the tabs and the knobs, rather than between two adjacent knobs of the male and female portions.
Patent Grant
9745802
