Patent Application
20240175275
The present application claims priority of the German patent application No. 10 2021 201 990.0, filed Mar. 2, 2021, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.
The invention relates to a multi-part connection device for a safety device of a ceiling formwork system for producing a ceiling/slab or a ceiling/slab section in concrete construction. Furthermore, the invention relates to a ceiling formwork system for the production of a ceiling or a ceiling section in concrete construction with such a connection device. Furthermore, a use of the multi-part connection device in a ceiling formwork system is proposed.
Ceiling/slab formwork systems comprise formwork panels which are laid next to each other in one plane to form a plane ceiling soffit. The panels are laid on parallel beams, which in turn rest on floor/ceiling props. During installation, the formwork panels can be lifted in from below or placed on top. To place the formwork panels from above, at least one person must stand on the supporting structure or on a formwork panel that has already been laid. This person can fall into a free space remaining between two beams and fall off. To prevent this from happening, the distance between the beams can be chosen to be correspondingly close. Alternatively, a catching device, for example in the form of a net or grid, can be provided in the free space. The arresting device and the connection of the arresting device to the ceiling formwork system must be such that it can withstand the load exerted by a person falling into it. In addition, the load must not cause the ceiling formwork system to collapse.
From WO 2019/069246 A1, a fall protection system for a ceiling formwork is known that comprises spacer elements and a net that can be attached thereto. The spacer elements are arranged at a distance from each other transversely to two parallel beams, so that the spacer elements span the free space between the two beams. In this respect, the spacer elements each have a beam element with bearing elements arranged at the ends. Retaining elements for fastening the net are arranged on the bearing elements. In particular, two types of bearing elements for a spacer element emerge from WO 2019/069246 A1.
A first type is placed or plugged onto a beam from above, so that the formwork panels no longer come to rest directly on the beams, but on the bearing elements resting thereon. This must be taken into account when adjusting the height position. Since a bearing element resting on or pinned to the beam remains movable relative to the beam, it is recommended to use additional fixing means, for example nails, to secure the position. The use of nails lends itself to this, since in WO 2019/069246 A1 yoke woods are used as supports. However, the additional fixation by means of nails complicates the disassembly of the ceiling formwork system according to the completion of the ceiling or the ceiling section.
A second type features a base plate with a central rod bushing. Via the base plate, the bearing element is placed on a ceiling support and fixed in position with the aid of a rod stub engaging through the rod bushing. The rod stub is preferably arranged on a fork element that serves for the reception of a yoke and is connected to the ceiling support via the rod stub. The base plate of the bearing element thus comes to lie between the ceiling support and the fork element, so that here too the bearing element influences the height position of the formwork panels.
The present invention is concerned with the object of simplifying the assembly and/or disassembly of a safety device, in particular a catching device, of a ceiling formwork system. In addition, the connection of the safety device to the ceiling system is intended to allow safe load transfer via the ceiling system in the event of a load.
To solve the object, the connection device having the features of claim 1 and the ceiling formwork system having the features of claim 13 are proposed. Advantageous further embodiments of the invention are to be taken from the respective dependent claims. Furthermore, a use of a connection device in a ceiling formwork system is disclosed.
A multi-part connection device is proposed for a safety device of a ceiling formwork system for producing a ceiling or a ceiling section in concrete construction, which comprises a base part with at least one plug-in pin extending away from the base part and a plug-on part with at least one recess for receiving the plug-in pin of the base part. The plug-on part thereby has a first end portion for connection to the safety device, preferably to a linkage of the safety device, and a second end portion with means for connection to a support of the ceiling formwork system.
The plug-on part of the multi-part connection device can thus be connected indirectly via the base part as well as directly to the ceiling formwork system. In this way, a double and thus reliable positional securing of the connection device or the safety device can be effected. At least the possibilities for this are created. This is because the means provided at the second end portion of the plug-on part for connection to a support of the ceiling formwork system are preferably designed in such a way that a connection securing the position of the plug-on part is only established in the event of a load or under load of the safety device. If the load case does not occur, only the indirect connection established via the base part has to be released when dismantling the safety device. The safety device can thus be dismantled quickly and easily. This applies in particular if the base part is also connected to the ceiling formwork system only via a plug-in connection.
Advantageously, the means provided at the second end portion of the plug-on part for connection to the beam effect a frictional, friction or form fit between the plug-on part and the beam when the safety device is loaded. The force, friction or form closure is intended to prevent a change in position, in particular a displacement, of the plug-on part relative to the beam, so that additional positional securing of the plug-on part is effected. The additional positional securing increases the load-bearing capacity of the safety device. In particular, a collapse of the safety device under load can be counteracted, since horizontal forces are absorbed via the beam or beams, so that the safety device remains taut under load. Horizontal forces acting in the transverse direction to the beams are preferably absorbed via the linkage of the safety device. The linkage can thus be used to counteract tilting of the beams. In this way, not only a collapse of the safety device but also a collapse of the ceiling formwork system is prevented. It is particularly advantageous that the force, friction or form closure between the plug-on part and the beam can be achieved automatically under a load on the safety device, so that the connection device locks itself in place. A particularly effective self-locking is achieved by means of a form closure between the plug-on part and the beam.
In further development of the invention, it is therefore proposed that the means provided at the second end portion of the plug-on part for connection to the beam comprise at least one protrusion, for example in the form of a tooth, a mandrel and/or a tip, which can be brought into engagement with the beam. In this respect, the at least one protrusion provided on the plug-on part is oriented in such a way that it automatically digs into the beam when the safety device is loaded. If the loading event does not occur, the protrusion remains on the outside of the beam, preferably in the region of a lower flange of the beam. This is because when the plug-on part is connected to the beam in the area of a bottom chord, the height position of the formwork panels remains unaffected. These can still be placed directly on the beam, in particular on a top chord of the beam.
To achieve a form fit between the plug-on part and the beam, the beam is preferably at least partially made of wood or a wood-based material. In this case, the at least one protrusion provided at the second end portion of the plug-on part can dig into the beam particularly easily. Alternatively, the beam may be made at least partially of aluminum or plastic, as these materials also allow the at least one protrusion to dig into the beam under load of the safety device. Further preferably, the beam has an upper chord and a lower chord connected by a web. The web may be formed by individual bars to reduce weight, so that the beam is constructed according to the assembling of a truss. At least the bottom chord of the beam in this case is preferably made of wood, a wood-based material, of aluminum or of plastic, since preferably the second end portion of the plug-on part is placed on the bottom chord of the beam so as not to influence the height position of the formwork panels. Preferably, the plug-on part is placed on the bottom chord of the beam in such a way that the plug-on part is supported on the bottom chord via the at least one protrusion. Under load, the protrusion then digs into the lower chord of the beam.
It is further proposed that the plug-on part is tubular at least in sections and/or is made from a tubular piece. The tubular design results in high mechanical strength combined with low weight. The low weight facilitates assembly and disassembly of the connection device. At the same time, it is ensured that the connection device can withstand high loads.
Insofar as at least the second end portion of the plug-on part is tubular or is made from a piece of tubing, the latter can be cut out over a partial circumferential region in the region of the second end portion to form the at least one protrusion. In this case, the at least one protrusion is formed by the tubular piece itself, so that it can be produced comparatively simply and inexpensively. In this respect, the cutout can extend in the circumferential direction over an angular range of 100° to 180°. From there, the cutting line can run parallel to the longitudinal axis of the pipe section in the direction of the pipe end on both sides of the pipe section. By angling the cutting line shortly before the end of the tube, a pointed protrusion can be formed on each side of the tube section. Protrusions formed in this way are oriented essentially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the pipe section. The pipe section can therefore be placed on a lower chord of a beam in such a way that it is supported vertically on the lower chord via the protrusions. In the event of a load, the protrusions then automatically dig into the bottom flange of the beam.
Insofar as at least the first end portion of the plug-on part is tubular or is made from a tubular piece, a simple connection, in particular a plug-in connection, can be made to a linkage of the safety device via the tubular end portion of the plug-on part. Preferably, therefore, at least the first end portion of the plug-on part is tubular. The plug-on connection that can be produced via this can be easily assembled and disassembled.
In order to prevent unintentional loosening of the plug-in connection between the plug-on part and the linkage of the safety device, it is proposed as a further-forming measure that the plug-on part has at least one opening on the casing side or on the side for reception of a plug-in bolt. With the aid of the plug-in bolt, locking of the plug-in connection can be achieved.
Furthermore, preferably, the plug-on part has, on the jacket side or laterally, a hook- or eye-like reception for a net or a grid of the safety device. Preferably, the hook- or eye-like reception is designed in such a way that the net or grid can be easily hooked in directly or indirectly, for example with the aid of a snap hook. In this case, the connection can be easily released again during subsequent disassembly of the safety device.
According to a first preferred embodiment, the base part of the proposed connection device has a base plate with at least two plug-in pins which are opposite one another at a distance (a) on the base plate and extend, preferably perpendicularly to the base plate, in a first direction. Accordingly, two plug-on parts can be plugged onto the base part so that, if required, two safety devices can be connected with the aid of the one connection device. In this respect, the base part is preferably inserted into a fork element connected to a ceiling support, so that the position of the base part is secured via the fork element. Since the fork element is used for reception of a support, the distance (a) between the two pins for reception of the plug-on parts must be at least equal to the width of the support or greater than the width of the support, so that the two pins come to rest on both sides of the support. If the plug-on parts are then pushed onto the pins, the “second” end portionS of the plug-on parts should rest on the bottom flange of the beam on both sides of the beam so that they are supported vertically by the means for connection to the beam. If the load case occurs, the means for connection preferably penetrate automatically into the lower chord of the beam.
Advantageously, on the base plate of the base part, two further plug-in pins are located opposite each other at a distance (b) and extend, preferably perpendicularly to the base plate, in a second direction. The distance (b) is preferably chosen to be greater than the distance (a). Preferably, the distance (b) corresponds at least twice to the width of a beam, so that two beams can be arranged next to each other. The base part can then be inserted-in reverse orientation—in a fork element suitable for receiving two beams. If plug-on parts are then pushed onto both plug-in pins, the “second” end portion of one plug-on part comes to rest on the bottom flange of one beam and the “second” end portion of the other plug-on part comes to rest on the bottom flange of the other beam.
A fork element generally has four tines connected by a common, generally rectangular base plate. On the side facing away from the tines, the fork element has means for making a plug-in connection with a ceiling support. By rotating the fork element about the longitudinal axis of the ceiling support, the angular position of the fork element can be changed in such a way that the distances between the tines vary. Thus, in a first angular position, the fork element can accommodate one beam, and in a second angular position, the fork element can accommodate two beams side by side. The base part of the proposed connection direction can preferably be inserted into the fork element in any angular position of the latter. For reception of a beam or two beams, only the orientation of the base part has to be changed.
Advantageously, the base plate of the base part is essentially rectangular in shape and has a recess in at least one corner region, preferably in all four corner regions, for connection to a fork element, in particular to a tine of the fork element, of the ceiling formwork system. The rectangular shape of the base plate facilitates the formation of two pairs of pins which differ with respect to their spacing from one another. The first pair, which is spaced at a distance (a) from one another, is preferably arranged in this respect on the two long sides of the rectangle. The second pair, which is arranged at a distance (b) from each other, can then be arranged on the two transverse sides. The rectangular shape then determines the spacing. The recesses in the corner regions serve for reception of the tines of the fork element, so that the base part is held securely between the tines of the fork element.
The recess provided in at least one corner region of the base part preferably has an undercut area, so that a tine of a fork element received in the recess is gripped behind by the base part. In this way, a positive fit is achieved between the base part and the fork element, which prevents a base part that has already been placed on the fork element from falling off during assembly.
According to a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the base part has a base plate with at least four plug-in pins which are located opposite one another in pairs at a distance (a) on the base plate and extend, preferably perpendicularly to the base plate, in a first direction. That is, two plug-in pins are arranged on each of two opposite sides of the base plate, which in turn form two pairs of plug-in pins with two further plug-in pins on the opposite side. The two pins arranged on the same side in each case are used for connection to a plug-on part, so that a total of two plug-on parts can be connected to the base part. In this respect, the plug-on parts are each arranged between two pins so that they come to rest on both sides of the plug-on part in a corresponding recess in the plug-on part. In this case, the plug-on part has at least two recesses on the shell side for reception of the pins.
Advantageously, four further plug-in pins lie opposite one another in pairs at a distance (b) on the base plate and extend, preferably perpendicularly to the base plate, in a second direction. The distance (b) is preferably chosen to be greater than the distance (a). Preferably, the distance (b) corresponds at least twice to the width of a beam, so that two beams can be arranged side by side, while the distance (a) corresponds at least once to the width of a beam. Depending on whether one beam or two beams are to be inserted, the base part can then be oriented in one direction or in the other direction and inserted into a corresponding fork element.
As mentioned above, in this embodiment of the connection device, the plug-on part has two recesses for receiving two plug-in pins of the base part. The two recesses are preferably arranged on opposite sides of the plug-on part, so that the plug-in pins come to lie on both sides of the plug-on part or engage in the plug-on part. In this way, a tight fit is achieved between the plug-on part and the base part, which prevents unintentional loosening of the connection, especially under load. The two recesses are preferably slot-shaped, so that the plug-on part can be pushed onto the two plug-in pins from above,
According to a further preferred embodiment, the base part of the proposed connection device has a strip with at least one plug-in pin which is arranged on an upper side of the strip and preferably extends perpendicularly to the upper side of the strip. The “upper side” of the strip corresponds to the upper surface of the strip in the installation position of the base part. The plug-on part of the connection device can be plugged onto the plug-in pin. If the strip has only one plug-in pin, only one plug-on part can be plugged on. The strip with only one plug-in pin represents a preferred embodiment of the base part.
The strip may be formed from a piece of tubing, for example a square tube. In this case, the ledge/strip has a high mechanical strength while being lightweight. Alternatively or additionally, it is proposed that the strip has at least two, preferably four, recesses arranged next to one another on one longitudinal side for connection to a fork element of the ceiling formwork system. The recesses enable a plug-in connection of the strip to the fork element, in particular to the tines/prongs of the fork element. Preferably, the strip is plugged onto two tines of the fork element so that it comes to rest laterally and does not protrude into the space for reception of the at least one beam. If a beam is subsequently inserted into the fork element, the height position of the beam is not influenced by the strip.
Since the distances between the tines may vary according to the angular position of the fork element, four recesses are preferably provided in the longitudinal side of the strip. Two first recesses are arranged at a first distance from each other, which preferably corresponds to the distance between a first pair of tines. Two second recesses are arranged at a second distance from one another, which preferably corresponds to the distance between a second pair of tines. The strip can thus be plugged onto the fork element irrespective of its respective angular position.
To optimize the plug-in connection between the strip and the fork element, it is proposed that the recesses provided in the longitudinal side of the strip extend deep into the strip. In particular, the depth of the recesses can correspond to the length of the tines to be accommodated.
It is further proposed that the recesses provided in the longitudinal side of the strip each have an undercut area for positive connection to the fork element, in particular to the tines of the fork element. The form-fit connection is intended to prevent displacement, in particular horizontal displacement, of the strip relative to the fork element, so that the strip cannot be pulled out laterally. In this case, the slat can only be fitted onto the tines from above. The shape of the undercut area of a recess is preferably adapted to the cross-sectional shape of the tine to be accommodated. This may, for example, have an angular cross-section with a flattening in the corner region. The strip can then be slipped onto the fork element in such a way that the strip engages behind the respective flattened region of a tine.
Two strips or two base parts can also be fitted onto a fork element, preferably on two opposite sides of the fork element. The at least one beam can then be arranged in the space between them. The height position of the beam is not influenced by the strips, as these are arranged laterally. The plug-on parts of the proposed connection device can then be pushed onto the plug-in pins of the two strips, so that their “second” end portion—on both sides of the beam—come to rest on the lower flange of the beam and are supported on the lower flange via the means for connection to the beam.
Consequently, regardless of which preferred embodiment of the base part of the proposed connection device is used, the effect of self-locking in the event of a load, i.e. under load of a safety device connected to the connection device, can be achieved with the aid of the plug-on part fitted onto the plug-in pin of the base part. This minimizes the risk of system collapse.
In addition, the main load is transferred via the base part, the fork element and the ceiling support, so that the beams inserted in the fork elements remain largely load-free or are loaded in the beam direction when the safety device is loaded. This minimizes the risk of the beams tipping or being knocked over. Since the base parts of the proposed connection device are each connected to the fork element and not to the beam of a ceiling formwork system, the formwork panels can still be placed directly on the beams.
Since the proposed connection device is preferably used in a ceiling formwork system for producing a ceiling or a ceiling section in concrete construction, such a ceiling formwork system is further proposed. This comprises a fork element connectable to a ceiling support, a beam insertable into the fork element, and at least one connection device according to the invention for connecting a safety device. The fork element preferably has a rectangular base plate with four upright tines arranged in the corners of the base plate, so that the distances between the tines vary and one beam or two beams can be inserted into the fork element.
The beam preferably has a top chord, a bottom chord, and a web connecting the top chord to the bottom chord. The web can also be formed by individual bars, so that the beam is constructed according to the assembling of a truss. Advantageously, the beam is at least partially made of wood or a wood-based material. Preferably, at least the lower chord of the beam is made of wood or a wood-based material, since this material allows in a simple manner a positive connection with the means for connection provided at the second end portion of the plug-on part. Further preferably, the beam is a yoke wood.
Further preferably, the base part of the connection device is attachable to or attached to the yoke member, such that the base part is arranged below or adjacent to the beam in the position of use. The arrangement of the base part depends on the specific embodiment of the base part, in particular on whether the base part comprises a base plate or a strip which can be plugged or clipped onto the fork element. The base plate preferably accommodates all four tines of the fork element, so that the base part is arranged centrally with respect to the fork element and comes to lie under the support. The strip preferably accommodates only two of the four tines, so that it comes to lie laterally adjacent to the beam and does not affect the beam body dimension. Preferably, the at least one tine of the base member extends vertically or approximately vertically upwardly in the position of use.
Further preferably, the plug-on part of the connection device is plug-on or plug-on onto the plug-in pin or pins of the base part, so that in the position of use of the plug-on part, the at least one v serving for self-locking in the form of a tooth, mandrel and/or tip rests on the beam, preferably on a bottom flange of the beam. The plug-on part is pushed onto the plug-in pin or pins of the base part from above, so that the plug-on part is supported in the vertical direction on the beam, in particular on the lower chord of the beam, via the at least one protrusion. The plug-in pin or pins received in the plug-on part prevent the plug-on part from slipping sideways. The free end of the plug-on part can be connected to the safety device, in particular to a linkage of the safety device. This connection is preferably also a plug-on connection, in order to facilitate the assembly as well as the disassembly of the safety device.
Furthermore, the use of a connection device according to the invention in a ceiling formwork system for connecting a safety device to a fork element of the ceiling formwork system connected to a ceiling support is proposed. In the event of a load being applied to the safety device, for example by a person falling into a net of the safety device, the forces acting on the connection device are then essentially transferred via the fork element and the ceiling support. The additional positional restraint of the attachment element with respect to the beam results in horizontal forces in the direction of the beam, so that these can be absorbed via the beam without causing the beam to tilt. In this way, a system collapse is effectively counteracted.
Preferred embodiments of the invention are explained in more detail in the following with reference to the accompanying figures. These show:
The digging of the protrusions 124 into the lower chord 311 of the beam 310 is made possible by the fact that, due to the plug-in connection of the plug-on parts 120 to the base part 110, the plug-on parts 120 remain displaceable in the vertical direction (see arrow in
In
In
Instead of a base plate 112, the base part 110 shown in
The recesses 117 of the strip 114 shown in
Unlike the base part 110 of the connection device 100 shown in
Since the strip 114 of the base part 110 is arranged eccentrically or laterally with respect to the fork element 320, the distances between the tines/prongs 321 need only be taken into account when arranging the recesses 117 in the strip 114.
Due to the eccentric or lateral arrangement of the strip 114 of the base part 110, it is possible for two base parts 110 to be connected to a fork element 320. These are then opposite each other at the fork element 320. Each base part 110 can in turn be connected to a plug-on part 120, so that a safety device 300 [sic: 200] can be connected on both sides of a beam 310 or on both sides of two beams 310.
The basic steps in assembling a ceiling formwork system 300 with a safety device 200 with the aid of a connection device 100 according to the invention are described in the following with reference to
As
As shown in
The plug-on parts 120 of the connection device 100 can then be slipped onto the base parts 110, preferably after they have been connected to a linkage 210 of the safety device 200 (see
According to the connection of the linkage 210 of the safety device 200, a net 220 can be hooked into the hook- or eye-like receptions 127 of the plug-on part parts 120 (see
The safety device 200 is then fully assembled and prevents persons or larger subjects from falling down between the supports 310.
As shown by way of example in
With reference to
The base part 110 has a substantially rectangular base plate 112, which has a recess 113 with an undercut area 118 in each of the four corner regions (see
As can be seen in particular from
The plug-on part 120 also has two slot-like recesses 123 on the jacket side for reception of the plug-in pins 111 of the base part 110. Thus, on both sides of the plug-on part 120, a plug-in pin 111 is arranged in each case, or on both sides of the plug-on part 120, a plug-in pin 111 engages in each case in a slot-like recess 123 of the plug-on part 120.
Also arranged on the shell side, and specifically in the position of use of the plug-on part on an underside of the pipe section, is a hook- or eye-like reception 127 for a net (not shown) of the safety device 200. The net is simply hooked into the reception 127 in this respect.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 102021201990.0 | Mar 2021 | DE | national |
| Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP2021/082353 | 11/19/2021 | WO |
