Patent Application
20160318131
1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates generally to a method for repairing components of a mud motor of the type used in the earth drilling industries and, more specifically, to a method of repairing a worn rotary connection of a rotor using a stub welding technique.
2. Description of the Prior Art
Mud motors are used for various drilling tasks such straight hole, horizontal and directional oilfield drilling, river crossings and other utility drilling. They are connected to the drill string to rotate and steer the drill bit. Rotation is provided by a power section, which is typically a positive displacement motor that is driven by drilling fluid circulation. Axial and radial drilling loads are directed to the drill string by the bearings within the bearing assembly.
In a typical horizontal drilling application, surface pumps are used to circulate the drilling fluid to flush rock cuttings to the surface for disposal. The drilling fluid flows down through the bore of the drill string, exiting into the annulus of the well through the jets in the drill bit. The cuttings are flushed up the annulus of the well by the returning drilling fluid. The annulus pressure is substantially lower than the drill string bore pressure due to the pressure drop that occurs as the drilling fluid passes through the drill bit jets.
The typical mud motor is a progressive cavity positive displacement pump (PCPD). As mentioned, the PCPD pump uses drilling fluid to create eccentric motion in the power section of the motor which is transferred as concentric power to the drill bit. Based on the principle developed by Rene Moineau, the theory states that a helical rotor with one or more lobes will rotate eccentrically when the stator contains more lobes than the rotor. The mud motor uses different rotor and stator configurations to provide optimum performance for the desired drilling operation. In certain applications, compressed air, or other gas, can be used for mud motor input power.
Normal mud motor construction consists of a top sub, which connects the mud motor to the drill string; the power section, which consists of the rotor and stator; the transmission section, where the eccentric power from the rotor is transmitted as concentric power to the bit; the bearing assembly which protects the tool from off bottom and on bottom pressures; and the bottom sub which connects the mud motor to the bit.
A mud motor is usually described in terms of its number of stages, lobe ratio and external diameter. Stages are the number of full twists that the stator makes from one end to the other and the lobe ratio is the number of lobes on the stator, to the number of lobes on the rotor (the stator always has one more lobe than the rotor). The operating parameters include flow rate, bit rpm and torque. The relationship between the rotor and the stator geometry determines the rotational speed and torque. The rotational speed is proportional to the flow rate and torque is proportional to the pressure drop in the fluid as it flows through the motor. These principles will be familiar to those skilled in the relevant arts.
Hunting Energy Services, Houston, Texas, and Casper, Wyoming, is a leader in progressive-cavity, positive displacement mud motors. Typical sizes range from 1 11/16″ to 9 ⅝″, for various applications, be it coil tubing or large hole applications. These include both straight hole and directional applications. Power sections are available in a wide range of speeds.
There are various conditions in which the internal components of the mud motor can be damaged in use. For example, when the bit is bottomed and the motor is effectively working, there is a notable increase in the pressure in the fluid system. This is caused by a restriction within the motor. If the differential pressure is too high then the motor can stall which means the bit has stopped turning and this can cause severe damage to the internal surface of the stator. Another particular problem deals with the “rotary connection” at one end of the rotor which is used to connect the rotor body to the mating internal components of the motor. Sometimes, either due to normal use or misuse, the rotary connection can be damaged so that it needs to be replaced.
The existing “stub welding” techniques used in the industry to repair or replace damaged rotary connections do not work adequately. When using, for example, a 17-4 stainless steel material, it is not generally possible to get the rotary connection back to an acceptable mechanical condition. As a result, it may not be possible to return the motor to service for multiple trips or uses.
As a result, a need exists for a technique for reconditioning the rotor of a drilling mud motor, which technique preferably uses an improved stub welding technique to repair the rotary connection of the rotor.
A method is shown for reconditioning a rotary connection on a drilling mud motor where the drilling mud motor has a power section including a rotor body and a stator. Simply stated, a new rotary connection is provided which is made from a generally cylindrical, solid blank of metal. The new metal connection is provided with an externally threaded end which is subsequently screwed into a mating female threaded opening provided on a selected end of the rotor body. The new metal connection is then welded to the rotor body at an intersection of the connection and selected end of the rotor body. The threaded end of the new connection is threaded a predetermined depth which is selected to bottom out at a selected depth within the mating female threaded opening provided on the rotor body prior to the welding step.
The preferred method of the invention is used to recondition a rotor of a drilling mud motor where the rotor has a worn or damaged rotary connection at one end thereof. The drilling mud motor typically has a top sub which connects the mud motor to a drill string, a power section which is made up of the rotor and a stator, a transmission section where eccentric power from the rotor is transmitted as concentric power to a drill bit, a bearing assembly which protects the drilling mud motor from off bottom and on bottom pressures, and a bottom sub which connects the drilling mud motor to the bit. The preferred method comprises the steps of:
removing the worn or damaged rotary connection which is present on a selected end of the rotor;
provided a new rotary connection which is machined from a generally cylindrical, solid blank of metal;
machining an externally threaded pin end connection on a selected end of the solid blank of metal;
machining or repairing a mating female threaded opening provided on a selected end of the rotor body, the female internally threaded opening comprising an internal bore which terminates at an internal end surface;
screwing the pin end of the rotary connection into the mating female internally threaded opening on the rotor body;
wherein the externally threaded pin end of the new connection is threaded a predetermined depth which is selected to contact the internal end surface of the female, internally threaded opening and bottom out at a selected depth; and
the new metal rotary connection then being welded to the rotor body at an intersection of the connection and selected end of the rotor body.
Additional objects, features and advantages will be apparent in the written description which follows.
The preferred version of the invention presented in the following written description and the various features and advantageous details thereof are explained more fully with reference to the non-limiting examples and as detailed in the description which follows. Descriptions of well-known components and processes and manufacturing techniques are omitted so as to not unnecessarily obscure the principle features of the invention as described herein. The examples used in the description which follows are intended merely to facilitate an understanding of ways in which the invention may be practiced and to further enable those skilled in the art to practice the invention. Accordingly, the examples should not be construed as limiting the scope of the claimed invention.
Turning first to
In a typical drilling application, surface pumps are used to circulate the drilling fluid to flush rock cuttings to the surface for disposal. The drilling fluid flows down through the bore of the drill string, exiting into the annulus of the well through the jets in the drill bit. The cuttings are flushed up the annulus of the well by the returning drilling fluid. The annulus pressure is substantially lower than the drill string bore pressure due to the pressure drop that occurs as the drilling fluid passes through the drill bit jets.
As also briefly discussed, various conditions cause wear and damage to the components of the mud motor assembly. One of the components of interest is the “rotary connection” (29 in
Prior practice in the industry was to cut off the old rotary connection and bore a straight hole in the end of the rotor. A straight pin end was then machined on a new blank. The straight pin end was inserted into the straight hole in the rotor and the two were welded at their intersection. Most briefly stated, in the method of the invention, the old connection is cut off. A new connection is machined from a metal blank with a threaded pin end, for example with an acme thread. A mating threaded bore is machined into the rotor end with a mating thread. The pin end of the new blank is then screwed into the female bore of the rotor until the pin end bottoms out. The blank and rotor are then welded, as in the prior art practice.
The method of the invention will now be described in greater detail. The method is used for repairing or reconditioning a rotor with a worn or damaged rotary connection. As a preliminary step, the existing worn or damaged rotary connection on the rotor 19 is first removed. This can be accomplished by cutting off the old rotary connection. A new connection is then provided using the method of the invention which is made from a generally cylindrical, solid blank of metal (illustrated as 31 in
As illustrated in
In the next step in the method, the pin end 37 of the rotary connection is screwed into the mating female internally threaded bore 43 on the rotor body.
A critical aspect of the improved method of the invention is the face that the externally threaded pin end 37 of the new connection is threaded a predetermined length (illustrated as “1” in
As can be seen in
An invention has been provided with several advantages. The method of the invention allows for the replacement of connections to rotors used in, for example, oilfield drilling mud motors, bringing the rotors back to a near new condition. This increases the useful life expectancy of the product maximizing the product utilization. The new process includes removing the old connection and replacing it with a new connection using a threaded blank that is screwed into the old rotor body and welded in place. To add stability to the connection, the threaded blank is bottomed out into the rotor body prior to welding. This results in the weld being used only for holding the blank in place and not relying on the weld as the only means of support.
While the invention has been shown in several of its forms, it is not thus limited but is susceptible to various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit thereof.
