Patent Application
20220003646
In at least one aspect, a connection point test apparatus is disclosed. In one embodiment, for example, a lift point test apparatus is disclosed. In another embodiment, a pad eye test apparatus is disclosed.
Lifting lugs such as pad eyes are primarily used as attachment points for rigging for the purpose of hoisting, transporting, or securing heavy equipment. Such attachment points are usually welded either to the equipment or to some device on which the equipment is transported. The strength of the connection (often welds) between the attachment point and its host equipment cannot be easily/readily tested after manufacture. For the case of welds, the only indication of weakness is discovered on complete failure of the attaching weld.
Regulatory standards require that attachment points meet specific criteria. However, it is often difficult to test the structural capacity of the attachment points. In some cases, such as for marine applications, for example, it can be difficult to access locations of attachment points for substantive testing in a safe and reliable manner.
It is against this general background that the embodiments described herein have been developed.
It is to be understood that each document, reference, patent application or patent cited in this text is expressly incorporated herein in their entirety by reference, which means that it should be read and considered by the reader as part of this text. That the document, reference, patent application, or patent cited in this text is not repeated herein is merely for reasons of conciseness.
Furthermore, in this specification, where a literary work, act or item of knowledge (or combinations thereof), is discussed, such reference is not an acknowledgment or admission that any of the information referred to formed part of the common general knowledge as at the priority date of the application. Such information is included only for the purposes of providing context for facilitating an understanding of the inventive concept/principles and the various forms or embodiments in which those inventive concept/principles may be exemplified.
According to a first principal aspect, there is provided a connection point test apparatus for testing the strength of an association of a connection point (or similar) to an object, the apparatus comprising:
A connection point in the context of the description herein comprises, non-exhaustively, an item used for the purpose of serving as, in part, a point of attachment associated with an object for handling purposes (such as for example, when handling large heavy objects using specific handling equipment/machinery). Such connection points may comprise, for example: attachment points, coupling points, lifting points, restraints formed with, having or which are coupled to attachment points, and pad-eyes. The skilled reader would readily appreciate other types of arrangements that could be used for the purposes of providing such a connection point when handling heavy objects, equipment, structures, machinery and the like. For convenience of explanation herein, reference to a connection point will be made by way of reference to a ‘pad-eye’, as this form of connection point exists in the technical art.
Related to the type of connection point is the means by which it is associated with the object. Such forms of association could be, for example, nut/bolt fastening arrangements, welding techniques/processes, webbing elements from which restraints are formed from which are coupled to a connection point having an eyelet or loop, for example. The skilled reader would appreciate other types of ways in which a connection point or eyelet may be coupled to an object for allowing the object to the handled.
In some specific forms, the apparatus may be exemplified in the form of a ‘pad-eye’ load tester. As the skilled reader would readily appreciate, a pad-eye is a small usually round aperture or opening (eg. eyelet, loop) that is in an edgewise projection of a member (for example, a plate or similar construction) welded or otherwise fixed (by way of a suitable fastening system such as nut/bolt system or welding techniques/processes) to a part of a structure/object and that is used like an eyebolt as a catch (as for example, hooks) or other point of attachment (as for, for example, rigging). Pad eyes are generally attached to a mass/object that is to be handled in some manner, for example, being moved/lifted from a first location to a second location. Such objects are generally too heavy for safe handling by humans, and therefore require the use of handling equipment, such as for example, a crane/hoist system. A pad-eye (and like attachment items) are generally connected to the relevant mass so as to provide a connection point for a rope or wire element, said rope/wire element being connected to the handling equipment. In this manner, once connected via an arrangement of rope/wires (one or more as the case may be) the object can be handled by operation of the handling equipment.
However, for safety purposes, pad-eyes and like load bearing items require testing (usually in a regular manner in an on-going basis) to ensure that it remains capable of withstanding a threshold load. Specifically, it is the structural capacity of the connection that connects the pad eye to the host object that is the primary consideration for testing. Of course, testing will be carried out following installation to a host object, but it is accepted that over time, the initial load capacity of the pad-eye can reduce. For example, the environment that a pad-eye operates in can inherently reduce the potential load capacity over time. As one example, pad-eyes operating in a marine environment may be susceptible to corrosion over time. Additionally, if not maintained in an appropriate manner, environmental impacts can be significantly detrimental. Of course, fabrication material and other factors influence the on-going load capacity of such items.
Embodiments of the above described principal aspect, and those described below, may comprise any of the following features (either separately or in combination).
In one embodiment, the body is a single or a unitary body. However, in other embodiments, the body is defined by more than one body portions which when assembled provide a body capable of operating in accordance with the principles described herein.
In one embodiment, the body is of cylindrical or tubular form either when formed of a single unitary part, or when comprised of more than one body portion.
In one embodiment, the body is of cylindrical form and formed concentric about a longitudinal axis of the apparatus.
In one embodiment, the profile of the body, in at least one form, is one defined by the periphery of an exterior of the body.
In one embodiment, the body comprises a bore extending therethrough.
In one embodiment, one or more portions of the bore of the body operate to, in part, define the chamber. In this manner, the chamber cooperates with componentry of the load transfer assembly in providing an integrated pressurisable fluid chamber for use in developing a load of sufficient magnitude to load test pad eye and like items.
In one embodiment, the body cooperates with the load transfer assembly to provide a fluidly sealed chamber sufficient for accommodating fluid subject to a pressure, or increasing pressure.
In one embodiment, the volume of the chamber cooperatively defined by the body and the load transfer assembly can increase as the pressure of the fluid increases, and one or more components of the load transfer assembly moves in response to the pressurised fluid.
Advantageously, in at least one embodiment, the integrated nature of the body assists in allowing the apparatus to exemplify a reduced profile as compared existing equipment. In this manner, with the chamber being, in part, defined by internal portions of the body, operational reliance of the apparatus is not placed on the use of third party hydraulic (or in some cases, pneumatic) ram arrangements. Thus, such integration of the chamber within the body of the apparatus allows the apparatus to confer advantage in weight (for example, allowing ease of handling), space (for example, allowing convenience in packaging, storage), and/or cost (less expense required for purchasing off the shelf hydraulic components). Furthermore, with a reduced overall profile, embodiments of the apparatus can be used to safely test pad eyes that may be difficult to access using conventional load testing equipment.
In one embodiment, the reduced profile and/or form of the apparatus, by way of at least the incorporation of the chamber in the body, allows the apparatus to be operated easily (relative to conventional equipment) by a single person. Conventional equipment requiring additional/separate componentry to operate can be difficult to operate safely with less than two people, as the additional/separate equipment needed to be individually positioned and operated while the host equipment is also positioned appropriately. In this regard, embodiments drawing on the principles described herein are directed to providing an arrangement that is orientated around safe use.
In one embodiment, the body of the apparatus is configured so as to provide a first end configured for allowing the body to abut against a surface of an object to which the pad-eye is connected to (generally by way of welding processes/techniques and the like).
In one embodiment, the first end of the body comprises a generally uniform or flat face so as to abut against a surface of the object hosting the pad eye during use.
In one embodiment, an end of the apparatus is configured so as to provide a handle, for allowing the apparatus to be portable (for example, carried by a user). Furthermore, the handle may be configured so that the apparatus can be manipulated as appropriate (for example, when testing pad eyes that may be located or positioned in places that are difficult to access).
In one embodiment, the handle is operably associated with the load transfer assembly for allowing adjustment of the apparatus (eg. for differing geometries of pad eye configurations).
In one embodiment, the handle is of tubular form having an interior surface region.
In one embodiment, the exterior of the handle is dimensioned so as to be substantially commensurate with an exterior of the body of the apparatus. In this manner, a peripheral profile of the apparatus is substantially consistent between the body and the handle when engaged with the load transfer assembly.
In one embodiment, the first end of the body comprises the first and second leg portions. In one form the first, second leg portions of the body are spaced about the longitudinal axis of the apparatus. In one form, the spacing of the leg portions about the longitudinal axis of the apparatus is equal such that each are in opposite relation with one another.
In one embodiment, each of the first and second leg portions of the body comprise respective apertures. In one form, the respective apertures of the body are configured so as to be substantially concentric one another. In one embodiment, the respective apertures of the body are operable for receiving a first retaining device (such as for example, a retaining pin) so as to allow the load transfer assembly to releasably connect to a pad eye via, for example, an eyelet or aperture of the pad eye. The retaining device could comprise more than one operable component.
In one embodiment, the load transfer assembly comprises componentry which operates at or near the first end of the body. In one form, such componentry is configured so as to establish a releasable connection to the pad eye.
In one embodiment, the load transfer assembly comprises an engager (for example, provided in the form of a clevis) is provided substantially at or near the first end of the body. In one form, the engager comprises first and second leg portions at or near an end thereof. Each first and second leg portion of the engager comprises a respective aperture, each of which are arranged substantially concentric with one another.
In one embodiment, the first and second leg portions of the body are configured so as to substantially correspond with the first and second leg portions of the engager of the load transfer assembly.
In one embodiment, the respective apertures of the first, second leg portions of the body are configured so as to correspond with the respective apertures of the engager of the load transfer assembly such that the first retaining device can be threaded or passed/inserted through the apertures during connection of the load transfer assembly to the pad eye.
In one embodiment, prior to the apparatus being used, the first retaining device is threaded or passed/inserted through:
In one embodiment, with the first retaining device so threaded or passed/inserted through the apertures as per the above, it is associated with a bush (such as for example, by way of a threaded engagement), which is itself insertable into one of the respective apertures of the first, second leg portions of the engager. In one form, the bush comprises first and second portions whereby the first bush portion is dimensioned (for example, having a smaller diameter) smaller than that of the second bush portion, the smaller sized first bush portion being sized so that the first bush portion is able to pass through either of the apertures of the first, second leg portions of the engager, and the larger sized second bush portion sized so as to abut against a portion/region of a periphery of one of said respective apertures thereby preventing the bush from passing through the relevant aperture when the first retaining device and the bush are engaged.
In one embodiment, one of the first, second leg portions of the engager is configured so as to be operable with a second retaining device. In one form, a channel or bore is formed in at least one of the first, second leg portions of the engager, whereby the channel serves to provide entry and guidance for a spring plunger, the spring plunger having a portion operable for engaging a groove or recessed formation formed on the surface of the first retaining pin or device.
In one embodiment the load transfer assembly comprises a rod member operable with the engager.
In one embodiment, a portion of the rod member is threaded along a shaft portion thereof.
In one embodiment, the engager is configured so that its first, second leg portions meet so as to form a substantially U-shaped form. In one form, at the meeting region of the first, second leg portions is an aperture through which the shaft portion of the rod member may pass. In such embodiments, the aperture of the engager is concentric about the longitudinal axis of the apparatus.
In one embodiment, the rod member comprises a head portion at an end thereof, the head portion being dimensioned or sized larger than the shaft portion. The sizing of the head portion serves to provide an interference engagement with the engager when the shaft portion of the rod member is threaded through the aperture of the engager.
In one embodiment, the load transfer assembly further comprises an insert member assembled between, and substantially concentric with, portions of the rod member and the body. In one form, the insert member is of tubular form. In one arrangement, the rod member passes through an interior bore region of the insert member. In one embodiment, a portion of a wall of the insert member serves to define, in part, the chamber. In one embodiment, a portion of an exterior facing wall of the insert member serves to define, in part, the chamber.
In one embodiment, the load transfer assembly comprises a piston. In one form, the piston is operable with the rod member.
In one embodiment, the piston comprises a base portion, a head portion extending from the base portion, and an interior bore region extending through the piston through which the rod member passes so as to associate with the piston. In one embodiment, the bore of the piston is substantially concentric with the longitudinal axis of the apparatus.
In one form, the association between the piston and the rod member is by way of a threaded engagement. In this manner, said association between the piston and the rod member allows for the rod member freedom to rotate about the longitudinal axis of the apparatus relative to the piston but restricts or constrains movement of the rod member relative to the piston along the longitudinal axis of the apparatus. As such, while rotation of the rod member is provided (so as to allow the relative positioning of the rod member and piston to be modified as may be needed) both components are in fixed relation with each when either moves (or translates) along the longitudinal axis of the apparatus (ie. rotation of the rod member while the piston is stationary allows the rod member to translate along the longitudinal axis independent of the piston, but when both the rod member and the piston are in fixed relation with each other, movement of either along the longitudinal axis will cause both to translate there along together).
In one embodiment, the piston is operable with the chamber such that fluid accommodated in the chamber, when under pressure, facilitates or encourages movement of the piston along the longitudinal axis of the apparatus.
In one embodiment, the body comprises one or more recesses formed in an interior wall of the bore of the body, which interior wall resides adjacent respective portions of the exterior facing wall of the insert member. In one embodiment, one of the one or more recesses is used to support or accommodate a retaining device used to prevent the insert member from falling out of position relative to the body. For example, such a retaining device may be provided in the form of a circlip.
In one embodiment, the insert member, when the rod member is threaded in its interior bore region, allows movement of the rod member along the longitudinal axis of the apparatus.
In one embodiment, the insert member operates, in part, so as to prevent leakage of fluid (which enters the chamber via a fluid injection port) from the chamber on movement of the piston by way of one or more sealing assemblies provided between facing surfaces of the insert member and portion/region of the bore of the body. In this regard, a fluid seal is established between the bore of the body and the insert member. Such sealing assemblies may comprise one or more sealing elements. In one embodiment, such sealing assemblies may comprise one or more of: an insert ‘O’-ring, and/or a seal ring.
In one embodiment, an interior portion of the bore of the body provides a seat on which the base portion of the piston sits when the apparatus is in a non-pressurised or initial condition.
In one embodiment, one or more seals may be provided between the exterior surface of the insert member and an interior wall of the bore of the base portion of the piston.
In one embodiment, an end of the body is closed by way of a closure, the closure being releasably engageable with a portion/region of said end of the body (by way of, for example, corresponding and respective threaded portions/regions. In this regard, a threaded region is provided on a region of a wall of the bore at or near the said end of the body which threadedly engages with a corresponding thread provided on a region of an exterior surface of the closure. In this manner, the closure can be releasably engageable with the body in a substantially concentric manner.
In one embodiment, the closure comprises a bore extending therethrough and which is substantially concentric with the longitudinal axis of the apparatus. In one form, a sealing element (such as for example, a wiper seal) is provided between an exterior surface of the head portion of the piston and a portion of an interior wall of the bore of the closure, thereby establishing a fluid seal between the piston and the closure.
In another embodiment, a sealing element is provided between a portion/region of a wall of the bore of the body and the exterior surface of the base portion of the piston, thereby establishing a fluid seal between the body and the piston.
In one embodiment, a fluidly sealed cylindrical region in which the base portion of the piston operates is defined by a wall portion of the bore of the body, a wall portion of the closure, a portion of the seat of the body, and a wall portion of the insert member.
In one embodiment, the chamber is defined by the seat of the body, a lower facing surface of the base portion of the piston, and a wall portion of the insert member. Accordingly, portions of the body operate to define both the cylinder region and the chamber, advantages being the ability to provide an integrated pressurisable fluid chamber for use in developing a load of sufficient magnitude to load test pad eye and like items.
In one embodiment, a free end of the rod member is accommodated in a recess provided in an internal region of the handle. In one arrangement, the recess is formed in an interior facing surface of the handle. In one embodiment, the recess if of circular form and substantially concentric with the longitudinal axis of the apparatus.
In one embodiment, the rod member comprises an aperture provided at or near said free end of the rod member. In one arrangement, said aperture is sized so as to be capable of receiving a retaining device, such as for example a retaining pin.
In one embodiment, the handle is configured so that an aperture passes through the recess, said aperture being engineered (formed and sized) so as to receive the retaining device/pin adjacent an externally facing side of the handle. In one embodiment, the aperture provided at the free end of the rod member and the aperture formed within the handle and passing through the recess of the handle, are substantially concentric one another when the free end of the rod member is inserted within the recess of the handle, the concentric relationship allowing the retaining pin to register and be threaded through the apertures so as to connect or key the rod member to the handle. In this manner, rotation of the handle (via a gripping portion operable by a user serves to also rotate the rod member—as the rod member has rotational freedom about the longitudinal axis of the body/apparatus. As, in one embodiment, the rod member is threadedly engaged with the piston, rotation of the rod member by way of the handle translates or moves/translates the rod member with respect to the body along the longitudinal axis of the apparatus. In this manner, the (initial or otherwise) position of the rod member, and consequently the engager, can be varied/adjusted as needed (generally depending on the geometry of the pad eye to be subject to testing).
In one embodiment, fluid (eg. a non-compressible fluid) enters the chamber by way of a fluid injection port. In operation, fluid pressurised in the chamber acts against a surface of the piston (such as for example, a surface of the base portion of the piston adjacent the seat of the body) in a manner that facilitates or encourages movement of the piston. A compressible fluid, such as for example air, could be used for operation of embodiments of the apparatus. However, a pneumatic configuration has the potential to reduce the usefulness of the apparatus in that a longer period of time (as compared using a non-compressible fluid) may be needed in order for the appropriate pressure to be built up for testing purposes.
In one embodiment, the arrangement of the load transfer assembly and the body is adjustable so that the apparatus can be used to lift points/pad-eyes of different geometries. In this regard, apertures of respective first, second portions of the body are dimensioned so that the retaining pin (and the engager) can be threaded or passed through an aperture of the pad eye that may be spaced at varying distances from the surface of the host object (to which the relevant lift point/pad-eye is connected to). Differing geometries of this type may be accommodated by threading the rod member with the piston further along the shaft portion of the rod member as appropriate (by way of its connection or keying to the handle). Therefore, different spacings of the eyelet or aperture of the pad eye can be accommodated by the user of the apparatus simply rotating the handle thereby translating the rod member along the longitudinal axis of the apparatus until the apertures of the engager are substantially concentric with the eyelet/aperture of the relevant pad eye, following which the retaining pin can be inserted (and secured).
In operation of at least one embodiment, the apparatus is placed adjacent a pad eye to be tested. In this regard, the apparatus is positioned such that the first, second leg portions of the body, and the first, second leg portions of the engager are substantially concentric with an aperture or eyelet of the pad eye.
The load transfer assembly is then adjusted/modified so that the first retaining device can be threaded through the respective apertures of both the first, second leg portions of the body and the engager, and the aperture/eyelet of the pad eye.
As noted above, such adjusted may require the manual manipulation of the handle so as to translate the rod member (and consequently the engager) along the longitudinal axis of the apparatus so that the respective apertures of the first, second leg portions of the body and the engager, and the aperture/eyelet of the pad eye are substantially concentric with one another.
A fluid source is then connected to the fluid injection port, and a flow of fluid encouraged into the chamber. As the only freedom of movement of the piston is, along the longitudinal axis of the apparatus, increases in fluid pressure, serve to encourage further movement of the piston which, in turn, due the piston's threaded engagement with the rod member, facilitates movement of the rod member in the same direction. As the engager is connected to the relevant pad eye, and the body supported (at the first end thereof) on the surface of the host object, relative movement of the rod member (relative to the body and the host object) will commence. However, such movement will be resisted by the connection between the pad eye which will result in a load being applied to the pad eye and consequently the connection. As such, increased fluid pressure is needed to increase the force applied to the pad eye, and consequently its connection to the host object.
An operator of embodiments of the apparatus will continue to increase the fluid pressure until a designated load (that required by the applicable regulatory framework) is reached, or the connection or the pad eye itself fails.
According to a second principal aspect, there is provided a method for load testing a connection point associated with an object, the method comprising:
According to a third principal aspect, there is provided a method for testing the strength of an association of a connection point (or similar) to an object, the method comprising:
According to a fourth principal aspect, there is provided a connection point test apparatus for testing the strength of an association of a connection point (or similar) to an object, the connection point test apparatus comprising:
In one embodiment, the body is of cylindrical or tubular form concentric with a longitudinal axis of the connection point test apparatus, the body having a bore extending therethrough defining a periphery of the bore within which the load transfer assembly operates.
In one embodiment, the bore is configured having a narrowing portion at a region along the longitudinal axis for defining first and second portions of the bore either side of the narrowing portion, the first portion of the bore configured for providing the portion of the body which cooperates with a portion of the load transfer assembly for defining the chamber, the second portion of the bore configured for providing a region of space in which a portion of the load transfer assembly connects with the connection point.
In one embodiment, the surface of the body configured for placement against the surface of the object is provided at an end region of the body in the form of first and second spaced apart and substantially opposing leg portions.
In one embodiment, each of the first and second leg portions at said end region of the body comprise respective apertures arranged substantially concentric one another, each aperture configured for receiving a retaining device operable for use in connecting the load transfer assembly with the connection point.
In one embodiment, the load transfer assembly comprises an engager provided operable substantially within the region of space provided by the second portion of the bore of the body, the engager comprising first and second leg portions each comprising respective apertures arranged substantially concentric with one another.
In one embodiment, respective apertures of the first, second leg portions at said end region of the body substantially correspond with or are substantially concentric with respective apertures of the engager so that the retaining device can be passed through all said apertures in connecting of the load transfer assembly with the connection point.
In one embodiment, the connection point test apparatus further comprising a bush member operable with the retaining device and adjacently disposed apertures of the leg portions of the engager and at said end region of the body for maintaining a desired alignment of the engager relative to the body.
In one embodiment, the load transfer assembly comprises a rod member operable with the engager such that movement of the rod member in a direction along the longitudinal axis of the connection point test apparatus causes movement of the engager in at least said direction.
In one embodiment, the load transfer assembly comprises a piston operable with the rod member, the piston comprising a bore extending through the piston and through which the rod member passes so as to associate with the piston by way of a threaded engagement, such threaded engagement allowing:
In one embodiment, the piston is operable with the chamber such that fluid accommodated in the chamber, when under pressure, facilitates or encourages movement of the piston along the longitudinal axis of the connection point test apparatus.
In one embodiment, the chamber is defined by at least a portion of the narrowing portion of the bore of the body defining the first bore portion, and a portion of the piston that faces said portion of said narrowing portion.
In one embodiment, the load transfer assembly is configured operable with a handle for use in facilitating translation of the rod member of the load transfer assembly along the longitudinal axis for aligning the apertures of the engager and those at said end region of the body with an aperture provided by the connection point for allowing insertion of the retaining device for connecting the load transfer assembly with the connection point.
In one embodiment, the handle is configured of a tubular form that is substantially commensurate with the profile of the body when the handle is arranged operable with the load transfer assembly.
In one embodiment, the handle is engageable with the rod member so that both the rod member and the handle can be provided in fixed relation with each other thereby allowing for rotation of the rod member via the handle.
In one embodiment, the chamber is provided in fluid communication with a fluid injection port operable for allowing fluid to be selectively introduced into the chamber for operation of the connection point test apparatus.
In one embodiment, the body is formed so as to be of a single piece.
In one embodiment, the body is assembled from more than one separate pieces, the assembly of which provides the substantially unitary form of the body.
In one embodiment, the body is assembled from first and second separate pieces, the first separate piece configured so as to provide the portion of the body which cooperatively defines the chamber with the load transfer assembly, and the second separate piece configured so as to provide the surface of the body configured for placement against the surface of the object.
Embodiments of the fourth principal aspect may comprise or incorporate any of the features described in relation to the first principal aspect, or as described herein.
According to a fifth principal aspect, there is provided a method for testing the strength of an association of a connection point (or similar) to an object, the method comprising:
Embodiments of the fifth principal aspect may comprise or incorporate any of the features described in relation to the first or fourth principal aspects, or as described herein.
According to another principal aspect, there is provided a method of using any embodiment of an apparatus as described or claimed herein for the purpose of load testing any of the following: a connection point, a coupling point, a lift or lifting point, a restraint associated with an object, a pad eye.
According to another principal aspect, there is provided a method of operably configuring a connection point (new or otherwise) load testing apparatus so as to exemplify substantially any embodiment of the apparatus described herein.
According to a further principal aspect, there is provided a kit of parts comprising any of the features described herein, in any combination.
Various principal aspects described herein can be practiced alone or combination with one or more of the other principal aspects, as will be readily appreciated by those skilled in the relevant art. The various principal aspects can optionally be provided in combination with one or more of the optional features described in relation to the other principal aspects. Furthermore, optional features described in relation to one example (or embodiment) can optionally be combined alone or together with other features in different examples or embodiments.
For the purposes of summarising the principal aspects, certain aspects, advantages and novel features have been described herein above. It is to be understood, however, that not necessarily all such advantages may be achieved in accordance with any particular embodiment or carried out in a manner that achieves or optimises one advantage or group of advantages as taught herein without necessarily achieving other advantages as may be taught or suggested herein.
Further features of the inventive principles are more fully described in the following description of several non-limiting embodiments thereof. This description is included solely for the purposes of exemplifying the inventive principles. It should not be understood as a restriction on the broad summary, disclosure or description as set out above. The description will be made with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
In the figures, like elements are referred to by like numerals throughout the views provided. The skilled reader will appreciate that elements in the figures are illustrated for simplicity and clarity and have not necessarily been drawn to scale. For example, the dimensions and/or relative positioning of some of the elements in the figures may be exaggerated relative to other elements to facilitate an understanding of the various embodiments exemplifying the principles described herein. Also, common but well understood elements that are useful or necessary in a commercially feasible embodiment are often not depicted in order to provide a less obstructed view of these various embodiments. It will also be understood that the terms and expressions used herein adopt the ordinary meaning as is accorded to such terms and expressions with respect to their corresponding respective areas of inquiry and study except where specific meanings have otherwise been set forth herein.
It should be noted that the figures are schematic only and the location and disposition of the components can vary according to the particular arrangements of the embodiment(s) as well as of the particular applications of such embodiment(s).
Specifically, reference to positional descriptions, such as ‘lower’ and ‘upper’, and associated forms such as ‘uppermost’ and ‘lowermost’, are to be taken in context of the embodiments shown in the figures, and are not to be taken as limiting the scope of the principles described herein to the literal interpretation of the term, but rather as would be understood by the skilled reader.
Embodiments described herein may include one or more range of values (eg. size, displacement and field strength etc). A range of values will be understood to include all values within the range, including the values defining the range, and values adjacent to the range which lead to the same or substantially the same outcome as the values immediately adjacent to that value which defines the boundary to the range.
Other definitions for selected terms used herein may be found within the detailed description and apply throughout. Unless otherwise defined, all other scientific and technical terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood to one of ordinary skill in the art to which the embodiment(s) relate.
The words used in the specification are words of description rather than limitation, and it is to be understood that various changes may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of any aspect of the invention. Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that a wide variety of modifications, variations, alterations, and combinations can be made with respect to the above described embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of any aspect of the invention, and that such modifications, variations, alterations, and combinations are to be viewed as falling within the ambit of the inventive concept.
Throughout the specification and the claims that follow, unless the context requires otherwise, the word “comprise” or variations such as “comprises” or “comprising”, will be understood to imply the inclusion of a stated integer or group of integers but not the exclusion of any other integer or group of integers.
Furthermore, throughout the specification and the claims that follow, unless the context requires otherwise, the word “include” or variations such as “includes” or “including”, will be understood to imply the inclusion of a stated integer or group of integers but not the exclusion of any other integer or group of integers.
The apparatus 5 comprises a body 10 is configured operable so as to provide a surface at an end 15 for allowing the body to abut against a surface 20 of an object 22 (shown in
The body 10 comprises a bore 10BORE of varying cross section shape (refer
The apparatus 5 further comprises a load transfer assembly 25 (shown in
As shown in the Figures, the body 10 is provided of a generally unitary form which serves to provide, in at least one aspect, an integrated environment for all components (eg. the load transfer assembly 25) to operate within. However, in other embodiments (as will be described below with reference to
As shown in the
With reference to
End 15 of the body 10 comprises spaced apart opposing leg portions 12a, 12b (which form a spaced slot region 11 as shown in the Figures) each of which comprise respective apertures 14a, 14b. As will be described below, apertures 14a, 14b are operable for receiving a pin 65 (see at least
The load transfer assembly 25 comprises componentry proximal with end 15 of the body 10, which are configured so as to establish a releasable connection to the pad-eye PEYE. As the skilled reader would readily understand, the general form of a pad-eye PEYE (being simply a plate or similar with an aperture (AP) (as indicated in
The load transfer assembly 25 comprises an engager provided in the form of a clevis 45 provided substantially adjacent end 15 of the body 10, the engager serving to connect (in a releasable manner) with a target pad eye. As shown in
Prior to the apparatus 5 being used (to apply the required load), the clevis pin 65 is threaded (ie. passed/inserted) through:
With reference to
The pin bush 70 comprises a bush portion 70a and a head portion 70b. The bush portion 70a is configured having a smaller diameter than that of the head portion 70b, the smaller diameter being sized so that the bush portion 70a is able to pass through the aperture 60b of the clevis 45, and the larger diameter of the head portion 70b sized so that a surface of a stepped region (shown in better detail in
Furthermore, a further purpose of the engagement between the pin bush 70 and the aperture 60b of the clevis 45 is to prevent the clevis from rotating about the longitudinal axis X of the apparatus 5. As such, the pin bush 70 ensures that the clevis 45 remains orientated as desired in line with the slot 11 provided in the body 10. In this manner, the pin bush 70 achieves this by engaging or being guided by the sides of any of apertures 14a, 14b in the body 10.
As seen in
The skilled reader will appreciate that the above description serves to outline the ability of the load transfer assembly 25, at its end 15, to capture and secure the pad-eye PEYE for testing purposes.
Moving away from end 15, the clevis 45 is configured so that its leg portions 50a and 50b meet, thereby forming a substantially U-shaped form. At the meeting region of the leg portions 50a and 50b is an aperture 90 through which a shaft portion 100a of a threaded rod 100 passes so as to reside in the configuration shown in
A head portion 100b of the threaded rod 100 is dimensioned larger than the shaft portion 100a such that the head portion abuts against an interior region I peripheral of the aperture 90 of the clevis 45 thereby providing an interference point. It will be appreciated that when in use (ie. the load transfer assembly 25 being connected with the pad-eye PEYE), the interreference between the head portion 100b and the clevis 45 at the interior region I peripheral of the aperture 90 operates to transfer the load from the load transfer assembly 25 to the pad-eye PEYE via the clevis 45 and clevis pin 65 components on translation of the threaded rod 100 upwards along the longitudinal axis X of the apparatus 5.
When assembled as shown in
With reference to
Adjacent the region 115b is a seat 130 (see
As shown in
As will be appreciated, the threaded engagement between the threaded rod 100 and the piston 110 serves to provide both components in fixed relation with one another having regard to movement along the longitudinal axis X—the threaded engagement allowing the threaded rod 100 freedom to rotate relative to the piston 110 about the longitudinal axis X of the apparatus 5 so that the threaded rod can translate along the longitudinal axis X independent of the piston 110, while providing for movement of the threaded rod 100 and the piston 110 together along the longitudinal axis X when either are in fixed relation with the other when either are caused to be moved along the longitudinal axis X. As such, movement of the piston 110 (to be described below) along the longitudinal axis X serves to also move the threaded rod 100 therewith.
With the piston 110 assembled in its position with the threaded rod 100, a distal end 145 (refer
For the embodiments shown in the Figures, the chamber 30 is defined by the seat 130 of the body 10, the lower (in the context of the orientation shown in the Figures) facing surface of the base portion 110a of the piston 100, and the wall W3 of the central insert barrel 105. In this manner, the body 10 cooperates with the load transfer assembly 25 to provide the fluidly sealed chamber 30 operable for accommodating a fluid subject to a pressure, or increasing pressure. As the skilled reader would appreciate, the volume of the chamber 30 cooperatively defined by the body 10 and the load transfer assembly 25 can increase as the pressure of the fluid increases, and one or more components of the load transfer assembly moves (along the longitudinal axis X) in response to the pressurised fluid.
Accordingly, as described and shown in the Figures, interior portions of the body 10 operates with portion(s)/componentry of the load transfer apparatus 25 to define both the cylinder region and the fluid chamber 30, advantages being the ability to provide an integrated pressurisable fluid chamber for use in developing a load of sufficient magnitude to load test items appropriate for serving as lifting attachments for heavy industrial objects.
The (upper) distal end 100c of the threaded rod 100 is accommodated in a recess 35d provided in an internal region of the handle 35 (recessed from interior surface 35c). The threaded rod 100 further comprises an aperture 100d provided at or near the distal end 100c and which is sized so as to be capable of receiving, in one form, a pin 100p. The handle 35 also comprises an aperture 35b which again is sized sufficient to receive the pin 100p therethrough. The threaded rod 100 is inserted into the recess 35d such that the pin 100p is able to pass through apertures 35b and 100d so as to connect or key the threaded rod 100 to the handle 35. In this manner, rotation of the handle 35 (via gripping portion 35a by a user serves to also rotate the threaded rod 100—as the threaded rod has rotational freedom about the longitudinal axis X. As the threaded rod 100 is threadedly engaged with the piston 110, rotation of the threaded rod by way of the handle 35 translates or moves the threaded rod with respect to the body 10 along the longitudinal axis X. In this manner, the starting position of the threaded rod 100, and consequently the clevis 45, can be varied as needed (generally depending on the geometry of the lift point or pad-eye to be subject to testing). Of course, the handle 35 being removable from the rod 100 (via removal of the pin 100p) allows the apparatus 5 to be readily disassembled for, for example, maintenance purposes and/or packing purposes for transportation/portability. The skilled reader would appreciate that many different arrangements could be realised that operate to key the threaded rod 100 with the handle 35, such as for example, using one or more grub or hex screws that insert through the apertures 35b provided at both sides of the lower portion of the gripping portion 35a of the handle (shown in
In one embodiment, the gripping portion 35a is configured so as to be capable of articulating (relative to the handle 35) between stowed and operable conditions such that the gripping portion 35a can be folded or retracted away (so as to reside proximal the exterior of the body 10). The skilled reader will appreciate that retraction of the gripping portion 35a to the stowed condition allows the upper region of the handle 35 to remain substantially flat which assists in reducing the overall profile or physical envelope of the apparatus 5 for packing/transportation/portability purposes.
General operation of the apparatus 5 will now be described.
Adjacent the base 110a of the piston 110 is the fluid injection port 125. The fluid injection port 125 provides the main means of injecting a suitable fluid, such as for example, a hydraulic fluid (eg. a non-compressible fluid), into the chamber 30 for acting against the piston 110 (ie. so as to facilitate, when under pressure, movement of the piston 110 and the threaded rod 100). It is noted that a compressible fluid, such as for example air, could be used for operation of embodiments of the apparatus 5. However, a pneumatic configuration has the potential to reduce the usefulness of the apparatus in that a longer period of time (as compared using a non-compressible fluid) may be needed in order for the appropriate pressure to be built up for testing purposes, and it is generally not possible to achieve the same pressure(s) possible using hydraulic arrangements. For example, embodiments arranged and tested in accordance with those described herein, operate using about 10,000 psi oil pressure, but a standard compressor will provide 100 psi of air pressure. It follows that the equivalent pneumatic arrangement would require a piston area 100 times larger than that used for a hydraulic configuration (even gas in nitrogen cylinders operate at about 2,000 psi). When requiring high pressures, safety is another concern as one is then dealing with a pressure vessel. Accordingly, while a pneumatic arrangement could be possible, embodiments tested to date have involved a hydraulic arrangement using a non-compressible fluid.
With reference to the
An operator of the apparatus 5 will continue to increase the fluid pressure until a designated load (that required by the applicable regulatory framework) is reached, or the connection C1, C2 or the pad eye itself fails.
It is noted that the general arrangement of the load transfer assembly 25 and the body 10 (notably its configuration at end 15) is adjustable so that the apparatus 5 can be used to lift points/pad-eyes PEYE of different geometries. In this regard, the apertures 14a, 14b approximal end 15 of the body 10 are dimensioned so that the clevis pin 65 (and the clevis 45) can be threaded through apertures of lift points/pad-eyes that may be spaced at varying distances from the surface of the host object (to which the relevant lift point/pad-eye is connected to). Differing geometries of this type may be accommodated by threading the threaded rod 100 with the piston 110 further along the shaft portion 100a of the rod as appropriate (by way of the handle 35). As noted above, the threaded rod 100 is keyed to the handle 35 by way of pin 100p. Therefore, different spacings (with respect to the body 10) of the eyelet or aperture (AP) of the lift points/pad-eyes PEYE can be accommodated by the user of the apparatus 5 simply rotating the handle 35 thereby translating the threaded rod 100 along the longitudinal axis X until the apertures 50a, 50b of the clevis 45 are substantially concentric/aligned with the eyelet/aperture of the relevant lift point/pad-eye (PEYE), following which the clevis pin 65 (push pin 70) can be inserted and secured in the manner described above. Thus, any variations in distance of a lifting point/pad-eyes from the surface of the host object can be readily accommodated.
A further form 5′ of the body 10 of the apparatus is shown in
The principles of the embodiments of the apparatus 5 described herein may be implemented in various ways. Broadly, one such implementation may involve providing (by manufacturing, assembling, operably configuring, or otherwise) any embodiment of an apparatus configured in accordance with any of the embodiments of the apparatus 5 described herein, locating such an apparatus on the surface (20) of an object (22) so as to be substantially concentric with a target pad eye (PEYE); connecting the pad eye (PEYE) to the load transfer assembly 25 of the apparatus (5); and operating the apparatus so as to transfer a force to the pad eye (PEYE) for testing the structural capacity of the connection C1, C2.
The apparatus 5 may be preferably positioned such that the first, second leg portions 12a, 12b of the body 10, and the first, second leg portions 50a, 50b of the clevis 45 substantially correspond or are substantially concentric with an aperture (AP) or eyelet of the pad eye (PEYE).
The load transfer assembly 25 may require adjusted so that the clevis pin 65 can be threaded (ie. passed/inserted) through the respective apertures (14a, 14b, 50a, 50b) of both the first, second leg portions (12a, 12b, 50a, 50b) of the body (10) and the clevis 45, and the aperture/eyelet (AP) of the pad-eye PEYE. As noted above, such adjustment may require the manual manipulation of the handle 35 so as to translate the threaded rod 100 (and consequently the clevis 45) along the longitudinal axis X of the apparatus 5 so that the respective apertures of the first, second leg portions of the body 10 and the clevis 45, and the aperture/eyelet of the pad eye are in substantial alignment of substantially concentric with one another so that the clevis pin 65 can be inserted and secured appropriately.
A fluid source is then connected to the fluid injection port 125 and a flow of fluid encouraged into the chamber 30 (for example by way of a fluid pump or similar). As the only freedom of movement of the piston 110 is along the longitudinal axis X of the apparatus 5, increases in fluid pressure serve to encourage further movement of the piston 110 which, in turn, due to the piston's threaded engagement with the threaded rod 100, facilitates movement of the rod in the same direction. As the clevis 45 is connected to the relevant pad-eye PEYE, and the body 10 supported (by way of the first end 15) on the surface 20 of the host object 22, relative movement of the threaded rod 100 (relative to the body 10 and the host object) will commence. However, such movement will be resisted by the connections (C1, C2) between the pad-eye PEYE which will result in a load being applied to the pad eye and consequently the connection (C1, C2). As such, increased fluid pressure is needed to increase the force applied to the pad-eye PEYE, and consequently its connection to the host object 22.
An operator of embodiments of the apparatus 5 will continue to increase the fluid pressure until a designated load (that required by the applicable regulatory framework) is reached, or the connection or the pad eye itself fails.
In other forms, any of the embodiments described herein may be provided as a kit of parts comprising any of the features or components of any embodiments of the systems described herein. In this manner, the apparatus 5, either as a complete set of relevant parts or otherwise (which could be provided as supplementary kits, for example) can be provided commercially.
The skilled person would appreciate the types of materials that can be used to form any of the components of the apparatus 5 in view of the operational performance required of the apparatus. In one embodiment, the body 10 may be formed (for example, machined) from high strength steel, aluminum, titanium, as possible examples.
Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that a wide variety of modifications, variations, alterations, and combinations can be made with respect to the above described embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of any aspect of the principles described herein, and that such modifications, variations, alterations, and combinations are to be viewed as falling within the ambit of the inventive concept.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2019900872 | Mar 2019 | AU | national |
This application is a continuation of PCT/AU2020/050250, filed Mar. 16, 2020, which claims priority from AU Patent Application No. 2019900872, filed Mar. 15, 2019, the disclosures of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entireties.
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Parent | PCT/AU2020/050250 | Mar 2020 | US |
| Child | 17474398 | US |
