Patent Grant
9828766
Field of the Invention
Present invention relates to a construction block for configuring a wall and else of a construction. This application is based upon and claims the benefit of priority from the Japanese Patent Application No. 2014-138646 filed in Japan on Jul. 4, 2014.
Description of Related Art
In the past, a brick formed by calcining clay molded in a shape of block, or a concrete block formed by molding and hardening a stiff-consistency concrete in a shape of block are known as a construction block.
For example, a wall separating a residential premises and a street is normally constructed by piling concrete blocks, and in some cases, by inserting reinforcements inside the concrete blocks. A size of the concrete block is standardized, and it is possible to obtain concrete blocks with various qualities, and it is easy to supply large quantities of concrete blocks inexpensively.
In concrete blocks, there are a concrete block with hollow structure (hollow concrete block) and a concrete block with solid structure (solid concrete block), and they can be sorted into a reinforced concrete block, a fill-up concrete block, a curtain wall concrete block, and else.
The reinforced concrete block is used to construct a bearing wall by arranging reinforcement at a hollow part of the hollow concrete block, and by filling concrete or mortar into the hollow part. The fill-up concrete block is used to construct a bearing wall by configuring a frame by combining the concrete blocks in the shape of L, T, H, and else, and by filling concrete into inside of the frame. Further, the curtain wall concrete block is used to construct a wall body by laying blocks between rigid frame of steel-framed or reinforced concrete structure.
In addition, there are three types in the hollow concrete block, which are BI type, BS type, and BM type, and their sizes are defined by JIS.
Here, a plate-like lightweight concrete block configured as rectangular solid structure equivalent to the connected size of a plurality of hollow concrete blocks in a planar direction, in which long grooves are formed at end face of at least one of short side and long side thereof, and a method for constructing a boundary wall by piling a plurality of the plate-like lightweight concrete blocks in a planar state, and by arranging reinforcements at the long grooves, and by filling mortar into the long grooves, are proposed (for example, refer to patent literature 1).
Also, a greening block capable of easily combining the blocks vertically and horizontally by fitting structure, which does not form mortar joints on outer surface, and configured to greening the block by growing plants from upper parts and voids of the blocks, is proposed (for example, refer to patent literature 2).
Patent Literature 1: JP 2002-339480 A
Patent Literature 2: JP 2004-147553 A
However, as a block used for constructing a wall and else, it could be simply a rectangular cube, but generally, a block with a basic form of rectangular cube and added with convex-concave shape for strengthening a bond is heavily used. For example, a concrete block heavily used for constructing moat is having three longitudinal cavities, and provided with recessed grooves on both sides, and for bonding both blocks side by side, mortar is filled between mating both recessed grooves. However, with this configuration, there is no direct connection with each other, so its strength stability cannot be trusted only by mortar.
Also, by adopting an engagement structure with protrusion and recess, which are mutually engageable with adjacent blocks vertically and horizontally, it is possible to easily combine the blocks vertically and horizontally. However, as the technology disclosed on patent literature 2, it is not possible to secure a sufficient bonding strength between blocks combined vertically for the greening block, which does not form mortar joints on outer surface, and configured to greening the block by growing plants from upper parts and voids of the blocks. In other words, with a bonding structure by two protrusions 11 and two protrusions 16a respectively extending in longitudinal direction in
Also, in regions with strong tremor or in regions that the liquefaction occurred at the Great East Japan Earthquake in 2011, even reinforcements were inserted inside the concrete blocks, the reinforcements could not support a weight of the blocks and damage occurred such as the walls inclined, or fallen from the base.
Therefore, considering the above conventional circumstances, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a construction block and a wall face structure with high durability and versatility.
The other purpose of the present invention and specific advantages obtained by the present invention will be more apparent from an explanation of embodiments explained in below.
The present invention is a construction block with a basic form of rectangular cube and capable of constructing a wall face structure by aligning a plurality of construction blocks in planar shape by abutting their outer peripheral surfaces to each other, comprising: a front face wall and a rear face wall being parallel to each other; a top face wall with a horizontal groove formed for inserting a horizontal reinforcement; side face walls with at least one vertical groove formed for inserting a vertical reinforcement; at least one vertical hole formed between both of the side face walls and closed off by the top face wall and opened at a bottom face; a plurality of protrusions formed on the bottom face in a shape to engage with the horizontal groove; and recessed slits respectively formed in vertical direction on each side face of the front face wall and the rear face wall, wherein the plurality of protrusions are formed on the bottom face in such a manner that they respectively continue over full width of the horizontal groove in width direction of the horizontal groove and that they are distributed in horizontal direction of the horizontal groove.
Also, the present invention is a construction block with a basic form of rectangular cube and capable of constructing a wall face structure by aligning a plurality of construction blocks in planar shape by abutting their outer peripheral surfaces to each other, comprising: a front face wall and a rear face wall being parallel to each other; a top face wall with a horizontal groove formed for inserting a horizontal reinforcement; side face walls with at least one vertical groove formed for inserting a vertical reinforcement; at least one vertical hole formed between both of the side face walls and closed off by the top face wall and opened at a bottom face; a plurality of protrusions formed on the bottom face in a shape to engage with the horizontal groove; and a pair of protruding strips formed continuously in vertical direction to protrude in horizontal direction from one of the side face walls respectively on one end face of the front face wall and the rear face wall and formed in a shape to engage with the other of the side face walls, wherein the plurality of protrusions are formed on the bottom face in such a manner that they respectively continue over full width of the horizontal groove in width direction of the horizontal groove and that they are distributed in horizontal direction of the horizontal groove.
The construction block relating to the present invention may be configured that the vertical groove for inserting the vertical reinforcement is formed on both of the side face walls.
Also, the construction block relating to the present invention may be configured that the vertical groove for inserting the vertical reinforcement is formed on one of the side face walls, and that a vertical hole for inserting the vertical reinforcement penetrating in vertical direction is formed on the other of the side face walls.
The present invention is a wall face structure constructed by construction blocks with a basic form of rectangular cube, comprising: a front face wall and a rear face wall being parallel to each other; a top face wall with a horizontal groove formed for inserting a horizontal reinforcement; side face walls with at least one vertical groove formed for inserting a vertical reinforcement; at least one vertical hole formed between both of the side face walls and closed off by the top face wall and opened at a bottom face; a plurality of protrusions formed on the bottom face in a shape to engage with the horizontal groove; and recessed slits respectively formed in vertical direction on each side face of the front face wall and the rear face wall, wherein the plurality of protrusions are formed on the bottom face in such a manner that they respectively continue over full width of the horizontal groove in width direction of the horizontal groove and that they are distributed in horizontal direction of the horizontal groove, wherein the wall face structure is constructed by bonding and fixing each construction block to each other by aligning construction blocks with vertical grooves formed for inserting vertical reinforcements on both of the side face walls in horizontal direction, and by arranging construction blocks with the vertical groove formed for inserting the vertical reinforcement on one of the side face walls and with a vertical hole formed for inserting the vertical reinforcement penetrating in vertical direction on the other of the side face walls at ends of the horizontal direction, and by abutting outer peripheral surfaces of each construction block to each other, and by aligning a plurality of construction blocks in planer shape by engaging the plurality of protrusions of the construction blocks positioned at upper side to horizontal grooves of the construction blocks positioned at lower side, and by filling mortar into the vertical grooves and vertical holes inserted with the vertical reinforcements, and by filling mortar into horizontal grooves inserted with horizontal reinforcements, and by intervening joint mortar between abutting surfaces of the construction blocks.
Also, the present invention is a wall face structure constructed by construction blocks with a basic form of rectangular cube, comprising: a front face wall and a rear face wall being parallel to each other; a top face wall with a horizontal groove formed for inserting a horizontal reinforcement; side face walls with at least one vertical groove formed for inserting a vertical reinforcement; at least one vertical hole formed between both of the side face walls and closed off by the top face wall and opened at a bottom face; a plurality of protrusions formed on the bottom face in a shape to engage with the horizontal groove; and a pair of protruding strips formed continuously in vertical direction to protrude in horizontal direction from one of the side face walls respectively on one end face of the front face wall and rear face wall and formed in a shape to engage with the other of the side face wall, wherein the plurality of protrusions are formed on the bottom face in such a manner that they respectively continue over full width of the horizontal groove in width direction of the horizontal groove and that they are distributed in horizontal direction of the horizontal groove, wherein the wall face structure is constructed by bonding and fixing each construction block to each other by aligning construction blocks with vertical grooves formed for inserting vertical reinforcements on both of the side face walls in horizontal direction, and by arranging construction blocks with a vertical groove formed for inserting vertical reinforcement on one of the side face walls and with a vertical hole formed for inserting the vertical reinforcement penetrating in vertical direction on the other of the side face walls at ends of the horizontal direction, and by abutting outer peripheral surfaces of each construction block to each other, and by aligning a plurality of construction blocks in planer shape by engaging the plurality of protrusions of the construction blocks positioned at upper side to horizontal grooves of the construction blocks positioned at lower side, and by filling mortar into the vertical grooves and vertical holes inserted with the vertical reinforcements, and by filling mortar into horizontal grooves inserted with horizontal reinforcements, and by intervening joint mortar between abutting surfaces of the construction blocks.
A wall face structure relating to the present invention includes a wall face structure formed by three construction blocks abutted in T-shape, comprising a vertically continuing opening formed by deleting an abutment of each front face wall or each rear face wall of two construction blocks arranged adjacently in horizontal direction with their side face wall opposing to each other, and constructed by abutting each side face of the front face wall or the rear face wall of other construction block to the two construction blocks in such a manner that the opening will be occluded by the side face wall of the other construction block formed with the vertical groove for inserting the vertical reinforcement.
Also, a wall face structure relating to the present invention includes a wall face structure formed by abutting two construction blocks in L-shape, comprising a vertically continuing opening formed by deleting an abutment of front face wall or rear face wall of construction block positioned at end of horizontal direction, and constructed by abutting each side face of front face wall or rear face wall of other construction block to the construction block in such a manner that the opening will be occluded by the side face wall of the other construction block formed with the vertical groove for inserting the vertical reinforcement.
A construction block relating to the present invention is a construction block with a basic form of rectangular cube and capable of constructing a wall face structure by aligning a plurality of construction blocks in planar shape by abutting their outer peripheral surfaces to each other, comprising: a front face wall and a rear face wall being parallel to each other; a top face wall with a horizontal groove formed for inserting a horizontal reinforcement; side face walls with at least one vertical groove formed for inserting a vertical reinforcement; at least one vertical hole formed between both of the side face walls and closed off by the top face wall and opened at a bottom face; a plurality of protrusions formed on the bottom face in a shape to engage with the horizontal groove; and recessed slits respectively formed in vertical direction on each side face of the front face wall and the rear face wall, wherein the plurality of protrusions are formed on the bottom face in such a manner that they respectively continue over full width of the horizontal groove in width direction of the horizontal groove and that they are distributed in horizontal direction of the horizontal groove, so it is possible to construct a wall face structure by bonding and fixing each construction block to each other by aligning the construction blocks with vertical grooves formed for inserting vertical reinforcements on both of the side face walls in horizontal direction, and by arranging construction blocks with the vertical groove formed for inserting the vertical reinforcement on one of the side face walls and with a vertical hole for inserting the vertical reinforcement penetrating in vertical direction on the other of the side face walls at ends of the horizontal direction, and by abutting outer peripheral surfaces of each construction block to each other, and by aligning a plurality of construction blocks in planer shape by engaging the plurality of protrusions of the construction blocks positioned at upper side to horizontal grooves of the construction blocks positioned at lower side, and by filling mortar into the vertical grooves and vertical holes inserted with the vertical reinforcements, and by filling mortar into horizontal grooves inserted with horizontal reinforcements, and by intervening joint mortar between abutting surfaces of the construction blocks.
Therefore, by the present invention, it is possible to provide a construction block and a wall face structure with high durability and versatility.
In below, the embodiments of the present invention are explained in detail with reference to the drawings. It goes without saying that the present invention will not be limited to the following examples, and that it can be changed optionally within the scope not deviating from the gist of the present invention.
The construction block 10 of this embodiment is for example a construction concrete block used for construction of wall or fence, comprising: a front face wall 11 and a rear face wall 12 being parallel to each other; a top face wall 13 with a horizontal groove 13A formed for inserting a horizontal reinforcement; side face walls 15 with vertical grooves 14 formed for inserting vertical reinforcements; at least one vertical hole 16 formed between both of the side face walls 15(R) and 15(L) and closed off by the top face wall 13 and opened at a bottom face; a plurality of protrusions 17 formed on the bottom face in a shape to engage with the horizontal groove 13A; and recessed slits 18 respectively formed in vertical direction on each side face of the front face wall 11 and the rear face wall 12.
In this construction block 10, as illustrated in
Also, this construction block 10 comprises three vertical holes 16 formed between both of the side face walls 15(R) and 15(L), as illustrated in
Also, this construction block 10 comprises four protrusions 17 protruding from bottom face of side walls between the vertical grooves 14(R) and 14(L) and the vertical holes 16, as illustrated in
Further, this construction block 10 comprises recessed slits 18 respectively formed in vertical direction on each side face of the front face wall 11 and the rear face wall 12, as illustrated in
Here, in order to confirm an effect of the protrusions 17 of the construction block 10, shear and pressure test was conducted about a piled structure of construction blocks without the protrusions 17 for comparison, and by comparing shear strength between them, a result as follows was obtained.
Test bodies were two types each with three blocks as illustrated in
Testing method used a vertical actuator testing machine 100, and placed blocks at both sides of the test body on bases 110, and applied a force to a central block until destruction by monotonous application of force via a force applying jig 120 (width 150 mm). Displacement gauges (CDP100 made by Tokyo Sokki Kenkyujo Co., Ltd.) 130 were fixed at four points of the jig, and recorded relative displacement with respect to the blocks at both sides, and displacement of four points were determined on average.
As a result of the shear and pressure test, load-deformation curves as illustrated in
In the test body B, durability decreased once when joint mortar fractured, but durability increased by contact of engagement, and maximum loads were over 20 kN for every blocks with an average of about 30 kN, so it is greatly improved compared to the test body A.
In the construction block 10 with the structure as the above, when constructing a wall face structure by aligning a plurality of construction blocks in planar shape, it is possible to improve durability of a wall face structure 50 by engaging the plurality of protrusions 17 of the construction blocks positioned at upper side to horizontal grooves 13A of the construction blocks positioned at lower side, as illustrated in
Also, the construction block 10 comprises recessed slits 18 respectively formed in vertical direction on each side face of the front face wall 11 and the rear face wall 12, so it is possible to improve durability of joint mortar intervening between abutting surfaces of the construction blocks 10. In other words, the joint mortar intervening between the abutting surfaces of the construction blocks 10 set in a state that it enters the recessed slits 18 respectively formed in vertical direction on each side face of the front face wall 11 and the rear face wall 12, so it is possible to bond and fix each construction block 10 solidly. And also, it is possible to construct the wall face structure 50 with high durability by filling mortar into the vertical grooves and vertical holes inserted with the vertical reinforcements, and by filling mortar into horizontal grooves inserted with horizontal reinforcements, and by intervening joint mortar between abutting surfaces of the construction blocks 10.
In other words, it is possible to construct the wall face structure with high durability by this construction block 10 with a basic form of rectangular cube and comprising: a front face wall 11 and a rear face wall 12 being parallel to each other; a top face wall 13 with a horizontal groove 13A formed for inserting a horizontal reinforcement; side face walls 15 with vertical grooves 14 formed for inserting vertical reinforcements; at least one vertical hole 16 formed between both of the side face walls 15(R) and 15(L) and closed off by the top face wall 13 and opened at a bottom face; a plurality of protrusions 17 formed on the bottom face in a shape to engage with the horizontal groove 13A; and recessed slits 18 respectively formed in vertical direction on each side face of the front face wall 11 and the rear face wall 12.
Also, this construction block 10 is reduced of its weight by comprising at least one vertical hole 16 formed between both of the side face walls 15(R) and 15(L) and closed off by the top face wall 13 and opened at a bottom face.
Here, the construction block 10 comprises: a right side face wall 15(R) formed with a vertical groove 14(R) for inserting a vertical reinforcement; and a left side face wall 15(L) formed with a vertical groove 14(L) for inserting a vertical reinforcement, but the construction block relating to the present invention may be configured that the vertical groove for inserting the vertical reinforcement is form on one of the side face walls and that a vertical hole for inserting the vertical reinforcement penetrating in vertical direction is formed on the other of the side face walls.
The construction block 20 of this embodiment is for example a construction concrete block used for construction of wall or fence, as well as the construction block 10, comprising: a front face wall 21 and a rear face wall 22 being parallel to each other; a top face wall 23 with a horizontal groove 23A formed for inserting a horizontal reinforcement; side face walls 25 with a vertical groove 24 formed for inserting a vertical reinforcement; at least one vertical hole 26 formed between both of the side face walls 25(R) and 25(L) and closed off by the top face wall 23 and opened at a bottom face; a plurality of protrusions 27 formed on the bottom face in a shape to engage with the horizontal groove 23A; and recessed slits 28 respectively formed in vertical direction on each side face of the front face wall 21 and the rear face wall 22.
In this construction block 20, as illustrated in
Also, this construction block 10 further comprises two vertical holes 26 formed between both side face walls 25(R) and 25(L), as illustrated in
Also, this construction block 20 comprises the vertical groove 24(L), the vertical hole 29, and three protrusions 27 protruding from bottom face of side walls between the vertical holes 26, as illustrated in
Further, this construction block 20 comprises recessed slits 28 respectively formed in vertical direction on each side face of the front face wall 21 and the rear face wall 22, as illustrated in
The construction block 20 with this kind of structure is used as a construction block arranged at end of horizontal direction of wall face structure constructed by the construction blocks 10 relating to the present invention.
In other words, as illustrated in
Here, as illustrated in
Here, as illustrated in
Therefore, by using the construction blocks 10 and 20 with the structure as the above, a wall face structure 70 is constructed by bonding and fixing each construction block to each other by aligning the construction blocks 10 with the vertical grooves 14(R) and 14(L) formed for inserting the vertical reinforcement on both of the side face walls 15(R) and 15(L) in horizontal direction, and by arranging the construction blocks 20 with the vertical hole 29 formed for inserting the vertical reinforcement penetrating in vertical direction on the side face wall at ends of the horizontal direction, and by abutting outer peripheral surfaces of each construction block to each other, and by aligning the plurality of construction blocks in planer shape by engaging the plurality of protrusions of the construction blocks positioned at upper side to the horizontal grooves of the construction blocks positioned at lower side, and by filling mortar into the vertical grooves and the vertical holes inserted with the vertical reinforcements, and by filling mortar into the horizontal grooves inserted with the horizontal reinforcements, and by intervening joint mortar between abutting surfaces of the construction blocks, wherein, as illustrated in
The construction block 80 of this embodiment is for example a construction concrete block used for construction of wall or fence, comprising: a front face wall 81 and a rear face wall 82 being parallel to each other; a top face wall 83 with horizontal groove 83A formed for inserting horizontal reinforcement; side face walls 85 with vertical grooves 84 formed for inserting vertical reinforcements; at least one vertical hole 86 formed between both of the side face walls 85(R) and 85(L) and closed off by the top face wall 83 and opened at a bottom face; a plurality of protrusions 87 formed on the bottom face in a shape to engage with the horizontal groove 83A; and protruding strips 88 formed in vertical direction respectively on each side face of the front face wall 81 and the rear face wall 82.
In this construction block 80, as illustrated in
Also, this construction block 80 comprises three vertical holes 86 formed between both of the side face walls 85(R) and 85(L), as illustrated in
Also, this construction block 80 comprises four protrusions 87 protruding from bottom face of side walls between the vertical grooves 84(R) and 84(L) and the vertical holes 86, as illustrated in
Further, this construction block 80 comprises a pair of protruding strips 88 formed continuously in vertical direction to protrude in horizontal direction from the side face wall 85(L) on one end face of the front face wall 81 and the rear face wall 82, as illustrated in
In the construction block 80 with this kind of structure, for example as illustrated in
In other words, in this construction block 80, it is possible to increase durability of a wall face structure surely by engaging the plurality of protrusions 87 of the construction blocks position at upper side to the horizontal grooves 83A of the construction blocks position at lower side when constructing the wall face structure by aligning a plurality of the construction blocks in planar shape as well as the construction blocks 10, and also by engaging the pair of protruding strips 88 of the construction block positioned in horizontal direction to the side face wall 85(R) of the construction block positioned adjacently.
In addition, in the construction block 80, it comprises the pair of protruding strips 88 formed continuously in vertical direction to protrude in horizontal direction from the side face wall 85(L) on one end face of the front face wall 81 and the rear face wall 82, but instead of the pair of protruding strips 88, it may comprise one protruding strip continuing over full width of the vertical groove, and further, it may comprise a plurality of protrusions distributing in vertical direction, as long as it is in a shape capable of engaging with the side face wall 85(R) of the construction block positioned adjacently.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2014-138646 | Jul 2014 | JP | national |
| Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2015/069029 | 7/1/2015 | WO | 00 |
| Publishing Document | Publishing Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| WO2016/002851 | 1/7/2016 | WO | A |
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| 20080250739 | Krupinski | Oct 2008 | A1 |
| 20140007529 | Alvarez Moysen | Jan 2014 | A1 |
| 20140053493 | Carey | Feb 2014 | A1 |
| 20150218805 | Jensen | Aug 2015 | A1 |
| Number | Date | Country |
|---|---|---|
| S64-21146 | Jan 1989 | JP |
| H03-11713 | Feb 1991 | JP |
| H08-177059 | Jul 1996 | JP |
| 3056674 | Feb 1999 | JP |
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| Aug. 18, 2015 International Search Report issued in International Patent Application No. PCT/JP2015/069029. |
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 20170145687 A1 | May 2017 | US |
