The present invention relates to construction configurations and construction methods of steel houses.
Steel houses are generally defined as steel panel construction buildings comprising light gage frame members made from sheet steels not less than 0.4 mm and less than 2.3 mm in thickness and structural face members combined with said frame members. When building relatively low buildings, such as of two or three stories, with such steel members, building has conventionally been carried out by the platform construction method (the so-called frame-wall construction method) that completes one story after another by first completing the ground story by laying the floor thereof and placing the wall panels for one story and then mounting the floor panel of the upper story on the wall panels of the ground story, thus completing one story after another. This platform construction method has an advantage of eliminating the need for heavy machines and scaffolds.
On the other hand, the platform construction method joins the wall panels of the upper and lower stories by using hold-down hardware (sometimes referred to as HD hardware) and long bolts and provides metal reinforcements to transfer the compressive force working on the floor panel joists whose ends are inserted between the wall panels of the upper and lower stories. The need to provide such hold-down hardware and metal reinforcements complicates the structure of buildings.
The design method for steel houses built by the platform construction method is explained by reference to schematic drawings in
As shown in
In a steel house built, as described above, by the platform construction method, the walls 2 and 4 of the upper and lower stories are joined together by hold-down hardware 5 and other connection hardware by way of the floor 3a. Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 10-311110 discloses an example of the joined construction described above, as shown in
In
The floor panel 3 comprising a floor plate 17 mounted on side and end joists of light-gage channels of sheet steels is disposed between the upper end of the wall panel 1 of the lower story and the lower end of the wall panel 1 of the upper story as a partition therebetween. Connection hardware 8 is attached to the floor panel 3. The connection hardware 8 comprises a cylindrical bolt holder 6 and horizontal flanges 7 fastened at the top and bottom ends thereof, said top and bottom flanges 7 having a bolt insertion hole 7a. The upper and lower wall panels 1 are joined together by connecting a bolt 14 passed through the bolt holder 6 of the connection hardware to the hold-down hardware 5 attached to the wall panels 1 of the upper and lower stories. The connection hardware 8 is vertically mounted so as to contact the top and bottom ends of the joists 15 and 16, whereas the bolt 14 is passed along the hold-down hardware 5 of the lower story and through the bolt holder 6 of the connection hardware 8 and the floor plate 17 and the bottom frame member 12 of the wall frame of the upper story, and then fastened by a nut 18 to the hold-down hardware 5 of the upper story. The lower end of the bolt 14 is similarly fastened by a nut 18 to the hold-down hardware 5 of the lower story. Thus, the hold-down hardware 5 joins the wall panels 1 of the upper and lower stories by way of the floor panel 3.
The platform construction method just described requires intricate design that, in turn, makes field work difficult because connection of the wall panel 1 to the floor panel 3 and that of the wall panels 1 of the upper and lower stories require hold-down hardware 5, connection hardware 8 and other metal reinforcements. If such metal reinforcements are eliminated or reduced in order to avoid an increase in the number of structural members and complicated design, construction becomes hazardous. Furthermore, the conventional platform construction method tends to require intricate design because load transfer paths are complicated.
Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 11-140975 discloses a method for improving the platform construction method requiring hold-down hardware. This improving method provides multiple vertical frame studs constituting a wall surface frame that are expanded throughout the whole stories and hold a floor panel and a wall panel surface member fastened thereto, laterally and vertically.
However, the technology disclosed in Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 11-140975 defies a simple method practicable with the platform construction method in which unitized wall panels, which are prepared by fastening a structural surface member to a rectangular wall frame, are joined together, one story after another. The technology disclosed in Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 11-140975 involves a problem that the time and the trouble in field work increase because wall panel surface members must be attached at the construction site after all vertical frame studs extending to the uppermost story have been joined together.
First, the present invention provides a steel house frame construction that eliminates a shortcoming, with the conventional platform construction method, that the use of hold-down and other reinforcing hardware results in a complicated construction. At the same time, the present invention exploits an advantage of the conventional platform construction method that eliminates the need for heavy machines and scaffolds by completing walls one story after another. Second, the present invention eliminates another shortcoming with the construction method described in Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 11-140975 that does not require hold-down and other hardwares and, therefore, permits a simple construction. The conventional method described earlier has a shortcoming that the time and the trouble in field work increases because structural face members (wall members) are attached on site after vertical frame studs extending to the uppermost story have been constructed. The present invention reduces the need for this field work.
In order to achieve the aforementioned objects, the present invention consists of:
First, a steel house construction configuration made by constructing a structural framework by assembling vertical frame studs and wall panels erected on a foundation and a floor panel, in which the vertical frame studs provided at intersections of the wall panels and corners are through studs continuing to upper stories, the wall panels are prepared by attaching a face member to a wall frame preparing by assembling light gage channels made from sheet steel into a rectangular form, and the walls of an upper story are constructed by connecting the wall panels for the upper story after the walls of a lower story have been constructed by connecting the wall panels for the lower story to said through vertical frame studs.
Second, the steel house construction configuration according to the first invention in which girder walls and party walls are constructed by placing said through vertical frame studs in the thickness of the wall panels by forming the vertical frame studs into a rectangular cross section and joining the wall panels to all sides of the rectangle by means of fasteners.
Third, the steel house construction configuration according to the first or second invention in which the wall panels to be attached to the through vertical frame studs are disposed along the four sides of a rectangle that constitutes a room, the upper edges of the wall panels of the lower story on two opposite sides are positioned lower than the upper edges of the wall panels of the lower story on the other two opposite sides, and two opposite sides of a floor panel formed by attaching a floor plate to floor joists are supported on the upper end of the two lower wall panels on two opposite sides.
Fourth, the steel house construction configuration according to the first to third inventions in which the through vertical frame studs are made of steel sections, wood or steel-reinforced concrete.
Fifth, the steel house construction configuration according to the first to fourth inventions, in which the vertical frame studs and wall panels are joined by using fasteners such as drill screws, bolts and one-side bolts.
Sixth, the construction of the steel house according to the first to fifth inventions, the panel structure is constructed by erecting through vertical studs continuing to an upper story on the ground, placing wall panels four sides of a rectangle constituting a room on a lower story and connected to the through vertical frame studs, mounting two opposite sides of a floor panel for an upper story on the upper ends of the wall panels on the two opposite sides of a lower story, connecting the other two opposite sides of the floor panel to through vertical frame studs, and constructing the walls and floors of upper stories by repeating said procedure.
a) is a detail view of a floor panel supporting structure.
b) is a detail view of a floor panel supporting structure.
a) is a perspective view of a wall panel.
b) is a vertical cross-sectional view of a wall panel.
a) is an explanatory plan view illustrating a step to attach wall panels to a through vertical frame stud.
b) is an explanatory plan view illustrating a step to attach wall panels to a through vertical frame stud.
a) is a schematic view illustrating a design method for a steel house according to the conventional platform construction method.
b) is a detail view of part C in
a) is an explanatory side elevation illustrating how upper and lower stories are joined together by the conventional platform construction method.
b) is an exploded perspective view of metal connectors.
A brief description of the present invention is given by reference to schematic views in
The floor panel 24 is prepared by attaching a floor plate 32 to the top surface of floor joists (side and end joists) of light gage shapes made from sheet steel. Both ends of the floor panel 24 are connected to the upper ends of the wall panels 21a on the other two opposite sides that constitute the second story wall, as in the case of the ground story wall 22 (as shown in
The wall panels 21 disposed along the four sides of a rectangle to form each story are attached to the through vertical frame studs 20, with the lower ends of all wall panels 21 are flush on all sides. Therefore, the upper and lower ends of the wall panels 21a of the upper and lower stories on two opposite sides are directly butt-connected. The ends of the wall panels 21a are connected by using appropriate metal connectors. The lower ends of the wall panels 21b of the upper story on the other two opposite sides hold the top surface of the both ends of the floor panel 24, as shown in
According to the present invention, the ground story wall (the wall of a lower story) 22 is completed first by attaching the wall panels 21 to the through vertical frame studs 20 extending to the upper story, and then the second story (the wall of an upper story) is built by repeating the process described above. By permitting construction of structural frameworks, including walls, of individual stories from lower ones to upper ones, the method of the present invention has the same advantage, that heavy machines and scaffolds are unnecessary, as the conventional platform construction method. Besides, the method of the present invention does not need the hold-down hardware and metal connectors required by the conventional platform construction method that connects the wall panels of the upper and lower stories by way of floor panels, thus streamlining the details of structural frameworks and eliminating the shortcoming of the conventional platform construction method. The floor panel 24 may also be supported by methods other than placing both ends thereof on the upper ends of the wall panels 21b of the lower story.
Concrete structures of the wall panel 21 and the connection between the through vertical frame studs 20 and wall panels 21 are described by reference to
In attaching wall panels 21 to a through vertical frame stud 20 of a square cross section, wall panels 21 constituting two girder walls and a wall frame of a wall panel 21 constituting a party wall (at this stage, the face member is not yet fastened to the wall frame 36 of the party wall) are brought close to three sides of the through vertical frame stud 20 from the three directions indicated by arrows in
The present invention (1) streamlines details of the structural framework, eliminates the need for metal reinforcements, reduces work loads at jobsites and simplifies designs because walls of individual stories are constructed by attaching wall panels 21 of upper and lower stories to through vertical frame studs 20 extending to upper stories, and (2) achieves the improvement described in (1) above while maintaining the advantage of the conventional platform construction method by supporting both ends of the floor panel 24 on the upper ends of the wall panels 21 on two opposite sides.
The present invention has the following advantages: (1) the present invention provides greater working efficiency than conventional technologies because vertical frame studs at intersections of wall panels or corners are extended to continue to upper stories and shop-prefabricated wall panels are connected thereto, from lower to upper stories. That is to say, the present invention dispenses with the troublesome task of attaching, at jobsites, structural face members to the wall frames, consisting of pre-erected through vertical frame studs, involved in the conventional construction method. (2) The present invention reduces jobsite work-loads and simplifies design by streamlining the details of structural frameworks and eliminating the need for hold-down hardware and other complex metal reinforcements. (3) The present invention achieves the improvement described in (2) above while maintaining the advantage of the conventional platform construction method that does not need heavy machines and scaffolds because individual stories can be built from below after erecting through vertical frame studs.
Number | Date | Country | Kind |
---|---|---|---|
2004-340460 | Nov 2004 | JP | national |
Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind | 371c Date |
---|---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2005/013779 | 7/21/2005 | WO | 00 | 1/19/2006 |
Publishing Document | Publishing Date | Country | Kind |
---|---|---|---|
WO2006/057096 | 6/1/2006 | WO | A |
Number | Name | Date | Kind |
---|---|---|---|
1818418 | Millard | Aug 1931 | A |
3310926 | Brandreth et al. | Mar 1967 | A |
3514912 | Smith | Jun 1970 | A |
3821868 | Edwards | Jul 1974 | A |
4514950 | Goodson, Jr. | May 1985 | A |
5070667 | Schulte | Dec 1991 | A |
5113631 | diGirolamo et al. | May 1992 | A |
5289665 | Higgins | Mar 1994 | A |
5321924 | Smolik | Jun 1994 | A |
5669194 | Colasanto et al. | Sep 1997 | A |
5867964 | Perrin | Feb 1999 | A |
6185881 | Olberding et al. | Feb 2001 | B1 |
6298617 | de Quesada | Oct 2001 | B1 |
6418694 | Daudet et al. | Jul 2002 | B1 |
6460297 | Bonds et al. | Oct 2002 | B1 |
6625937 | Parker et al. | Sep 2003 | B1 |
6754999 | Urbanczyk | Jun 2004 | B1 |
7134246 | Olberding et al. | Nov 2006 | B1 |
7373762 | Hubbard | May 2008 | B2 |
7634879 | Trotter | Dec 2009 | B2 |
20040049997 | Wheeler | Mar 2004 | A1 |
20040200172 | Beck et al. | Oct 2004 | A1 |
20050279901 | McCoy et al. | Dec 2005 | A1 |
Number | Date | Country |
---|---|---|
3025069 | Mar 1996 | JP |
10-311110 | Nov 1998 | JP |
11-140975 | May 1999 | JP |
2000-129825 | May 2000 | JP |
2003-147852 | May 2003 | JP |
364035 | Jul 1999 | TW |
Number | Date | Country | |
---|---|---|---|
20080047225 A1 | Feb 2008 | US |