(a) Technical Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to a construction of an environmental and water-permeable paving, particularly to a construction which has the water ducts pre-buried under the ground, such that the rain on the ground can be led into the underground for supplementing the water of the soil and that the vaporized water can be released from the soil in hot weather to reduce the high temperature of the ground, as well as automatically regulate the temperature and humidity of the environment. Meanwhile, drainage belts can lead the permeating water to the reservoirs so as to avoid water from accumulating on the ground and obtain the purposes of water collection and recycle.
(b) Description of the Prior Art
The construction for an environmental and water-permeable paving of the prior art titled “Construction of an environmental and water-permeable concrete paving” under Application. No. 88110248 was disclosed by the inventor of the present invention and allowed patent.
Said prior art is characterized in that the processes include inserting and engaging the hollow water ducts with plugs into the frame units, disposing the frame units installed with the hollow water ducts on the pre-paved sand, pouring liquid concrete onto the frame units, and taking off the plugs from the water ducts after the concrete is solidified; thereby a paving which can lead the water into the sand stratum by way of the water ducts and drain the water to the underground for environmental-protection purposes.
Given that the paving of the above-mentioned prior art is formed by tiles made of concrete and paper moldboards, to further enhance the friction of the ground, reduce the noise generated by vehicles, and form an appearance of general roadway of asphalt, an asphalt and macadam stratum is preferably applied onto the concrete paving, as is the present invention.
In view of the above, the inventor strived for improvement of the prior art and developed a construction of an environmental and water-permeable paving, which can provide protection over water source.
The primary object of the present invention is to provide a construction of an environmental and water-permeable paving, which has substantially the same outer-appearance as general roadway, but has the function of draining away the water accumulated on the ground, thereby enhancing traffic safety. Meanwhile, the water led into the underground can enrich the water content of the soil and stored for recycle purposes.
The secondary object of the invention is to provide a construction of an environmental and water-permeable paving, which allows higher water content in the soil stratum, such that when the temperature raises, the water can be transmitted into vapor and released through the water ducts, thereby regulating the temperature and humidity of environment and avoiding heat island effect.
To obtain the above objects, the invention includes the steps of connecting a plurality of frame units composed of water ducts and connecting meshes to form a great area of framework; paving the frame units into the soil, above the macadam stratum; pouring concrete onto the frame units and having the concrete solidified to form a concrete board; and applying a asphalt and macadam stratum onto the concrete board or other paving to form a water and air permeable paving. Drainage belts are provided under the water ducts in predetermined positions, such that the rain can be led to the underground and collected in the reservoirs, thereby the paving constructed according to the invention is an environmental and water-permeable paving, which can allow the rain on the ground to permeate into the underground to avoid water from accumulating on the roadway. Meanwhile, the water collected underground can be recycled for further use.
Referring to
The water ducts 10 are preferably in the form of a through pipe with a wide pipe head 11 and a narrow bottom outlet such that the water ducts 10 can go through to and engage with the connecting meshes 20.
The connecting mesh 20 can be in the form of a single mesh or alternatively double mesh equipment. As shown, the double mesh equipment includes an upper connecting mesh 21 provided adjacent to the top water duct, and a lower connecting mesh 22 adjacent to the bottom water duct. In order to be adapted to the taper water ducts, the upper connecting meshes 21 have a greater bore diameter than that of the lower connecting meshes 22, such that water ducts 10 can be engaged in the holes 211, 221.
Nevertheless, if the water ducts 10 is not in the form of a taper, the upper and lower connecting meshes can have the same bore diameter for combining with the water ducts to form a frame unit. Note that even a single connecting mesh combines with a plurality of water ducts or pre-cast reinforcing steel bars (not shown) are provided in-between water ducts can form a basic frame unit A.
Besides, the water ducts 10 and the connecting meshes 20 are not necessarily made of plastic. Metal or the like can be used as well.
Referring to
Referring to
Referring to
Referring to
Referring to
The wide bottom ventilating pipes 13 can allow the vapor generated by the humidified soil dispel from the underground (like a chimney), so as to automatically regulate the temperature and humidity of the atmosphere, i.e. heat exchange effect (like breathing), as well as reduce the temperature of the ground to avoid the roadway from becoming impermeable due to the asphalt's becoming softened by heat and the roadway's sagging day by day for being constantly run over by vehicle. Furthermore, the present invention not only can avoid the tires of the vehicle from being quickly worn due to the rubber's being heat-melted, but also can automatically regulate the temperature of the air to avoid heat island effect.
In addition, while the paving of the roadway can be made of asphalt macadam stratum 52, the water contained in the soil stratum can be vaporized and dispelled out to the ground by way of the connected ventilating pipes 13, which is actually a ventilating conduit in-between the atmosphere and the soil stratum. Although the vehicle run over the roadway persistently, the paving will recover after sagging, right as a compressor pump. The portion above the water ducts/ventilating pipes without being run over by the vehicle would automatically push out the moisture in the soil, and accomplish the purposes of regulating the temperature.
An estimated result for the influence of the environmental temperature to the roadway paving unveils that when in day time the temperature reaches 28° C. (under an estimated time over 150 hours), general concrete paving would be 2° C. higher than the atmosphere due to the constantly absorbing of the heat, and in the case of asphalt paving, the temperature thereof is even 10˜30° C. higher than the atmosphere! The influence is quite astonishing! However, as the permeable paving according to the invention can automatically regulate the temperature of the underground, the estimated result shows that the temperature of the paving is even 5˜7° C. lower than that of the atmosphere. At night, the temperature of the general concrete paving might almost be equal to that of the atmosphere if there is no rain. In the case of the invention, due to the release of the heat from the underground, the temperature of the paving would be 2˜3° C. higher than that of the atmosphere. In view of the above, the paving according to the invention has the function of automatically regulating temperature to keep a “constant temperature”, which is a very important contribution in avoidance of heat island effect and radio-cooling effect.
Referring to
After the formation of frame units A, liquid concrete can be poured onto the frame units A. Reinforcing steel bars (not shown) can be added before grouting, if necessary.
Referring to
The permeable screen mesh 50 according to the invention can be a layer of non-woven fabric or a fiber fabric and can cover the water ducts 11 to screen pebbles or sand from falling into the water ducts 11 and stuck inside.
The screen meshes 50 can be alternatively substituted by the other screening devices such as foam materials, only if they can cover the water duct heads 11 for avoiding jam during further process.
Referring to
Meanwhile, the afore-mentioned waterproof cloth 40 can be applied depending on the need of specific roadways. For example, in case a section of roadway need be appropriately supplemented with water (rain), said water-proof cloth 40 can be spared (as shown in FIG. 11), sectionally provided or hollowed out evenly, such that the water accumulated on the ground can be led into the soil to enhance the water content and, in turn, assist the growth of the roadside plants.
Referring to
As shown in
When combining the board B with permeable screen meshes 50 of non-woven (or fiber) fabric, and further applying asphalt and macadam stratum 52 thereto, the maintenance of the roadways paved according to the invention would be much easier. Besides, if the quality of the construction reaches the standard, maintenance or mending of the roadways needs only be done on some specific portion or distance. By way of an asphalt-cutting machine, the screen meshes 50 under the paving are cut, thereby the screen meshes 50 along with the asphalt and macadam stratum thereabove can be integrally rolled up and removed. Non-woven or fiber fabric in an appropriate size can be simply applied to the ground and subsequently an asphalt and macadam layer 51 is applied to accomplish the mending of roadways, which, being durable, would not have pitch shortly and is smoothly connected to those not mended.
The mending or maintenance of roadway can be processed by rolling up the asphalt and macadam stratum 52 along with the screen meshes 50, directly applying a layer of asphalt 51 onto the concrete board B or the screen meshes 50, and then leveling the surface of the asphalt and macadam stratum 52 to complete the work.
As shown in
The rain led by the water ducts 45 can be led to an escape cannel 46 to drain away in case of surplus.
Referring to
Further referring to
Referring to
In view of the above, the present invention, after completing the construction, can achieve the following advantages:
1. The construction of the environmental and water-permeable paving is very time-and-cost efficient.
2. By way of the construction of the highly permeable paving, the water accumulated on the ground can be led into the underground and absorbed by the soil and macadam stratums, and the rest being stored or drained away by the drainage system.
3. The invention can alternatively be a semi-rigid paving, since the frame units combined with concrete can efficiently avoid the roadway from being worn due to over load-bearing. Besides, the permeable asphalt applied onto the concrete can further obtain a lasting and durable effect.
4. As the permeable asphalt used in the invention can instantly drain away the water accumulated on the ground, the mist can be efficiently reduced to avoid traffic accidents. Besides, the drainage belts and drainpipes provided in the frame units not only can replace the conventional reinforced steel bar to avoid concrete from cracking, but also can recycle the rain for further use.
5. The environmental and water-permeable paving according to the invention can allow rain recycled for further use by way of a heater, which can be generated by general power, solar power, wind power, etc., accompanied by negative pressure equipment and steam pipes, such that the ice piled up on the ground can be shortly melted into water, avoiding traffic accidents.
6. The environmental and water-permeable paving is provided with reservoirs for collecting rain for recycle purposes. The reservoirs accompanied with the time sprinklers and piping can proceed with flowering the roadside plants, as so to make the planting easier and automaticized.
7. The invention adapts dynamic theory and natural phenomena, wherein the frame units are poured with permeable asphalt and macadam paving to present a floor load bearing. While permeable asphalt and macadam is used as paving, it is much more comfortable and quiet than concrete paving which is rather rigid. Besides, the macadam stratum provided under the concrete can serve the purposes of air conditioning and drainage. When the great amount of rain is recycled, through the chimney effect of the air conditioning stratum, the collected rain can be released to the roadways in dry days by way of ventilating pipes, allowing the asphalt and macadam paving reduce its temperature, and avoid the generation of heat island effect and greenhouse effect, and efficiently solve the warming issue of the Globe and lasting the life of the earth.
Concluded above, the present invention discloses an environmental and water-permeable paving, which includes water ducts and concrete pre-cast to form permeable paving. In addition, screen meshes and permeable asphalt and macadam stratum are provided on the paving, such that the integral paving constructed according to the invention is environmental and water-permeable. In view of the novelty and environmental concept embraced by the present invention, as well as the value applicable to the filed, the inventor claims the invention as specified in the following claims.
Number | Name | Date | Kind |
---|---|---|---|
181392 | Baird | Aug 1876 | A |
687106 | Anderson | Nov 1901 | A |
2148773 | Ozias | Feb 1939 | A |
2192369 | Sparrow | Mar 1940 | A |
2746365 | Darneille | May 1956 | A |
3521699 | Huisen | Jul 1970 | A |
3561177 | Agro et al. | Feb 1971 | A |
3645177 | Hargett | Feb 1972 | A |
3690227 | Welty et al. | Sep 1972 | A |
3712187 | Stelling | Jan 1973 | A |
4797026 | Webster | Jan 1989 | A |
4852319 | Cowan | Aug 1989 | A |
5123778 | Bohnhoff | Jun 1992 | A |
5282691 | McIntosh et al. | Feb 1994 | A |
5308187 | Nix | May 1994 | A |
5466092 | Semenza et al. | Nov 1995 | A |
5482399 | Bright et al. | Jan 1996 | A |
5730548 | Brero et al. | Mar 1998 | A |
5863148 | Shivaram | Jan 1999 | A |
6585449 | Chen | Jul 2003 | B2 |
6632046 | King et al. | Oct 2003 | B2 |
Number | Date | Country |
---|---|---|
3-267405 | Nov 1991 | JP |
Number | Date | Country | |
---|---|---|---|
20050047866 A1 | Mar 2005 | US |