Patent Application
20250084638
The present utility model is related to the construction industry. In particular, the present invention relates to a constructive system of panels, which achieve structural rigidity at the same junction of at least one pair of panels and said structural rigidity supports the loads and stresses of a construction, for example, wind, earthquakes, and the weight of the upper structures that support the panel, such as the roof or slab and also live loads related to use loads.
This utility model is a panel made up mainly of two materials; expanded polystyrene mainly as an insulator, and wood and/or WPC as a structure. The WPC is (Wood Plastic Composite) of a composition comprising plastic with wood in sawdust format. Where the expanded polystyrene is injected with high pressure of dry steam in a machine completely covering a frame or structure of wood and/or WPC; only on the vertical edges is this structure exposed with a “P” shape with a projection forming a base, achieving a “C” shape to improve the structural strength throughout the joint also called “C” shape, on both sides of the panel, which allows a very easy, fast and reversible assembly or joint, by interweaving with each other continuously at any point of the vertical, to form a vertical structural pillar and without requiring additional pieces to form the corners, “T” shape or cross shape joint between panels from a top view. Once two panels have been joined, the wood or WPC is completely covered with expanded polystyrene. Said panel also incorporates copper nanoparticles as a bactericidal and fungicidal agent on the surface of both sides of the panel. Polystyrene densities range from 10 to 40 kg/m3. In addition, in a preferred configuration, it can be manufactured by extrusion, without requiring special dies, or making adjustments to the extruded product.
The frame or mesh has different types of wood or WPC; for example, one of radiata pine that are the “firewalls” of the structure and the other that is of structural laminated pine, the latter located on the vertical edges, which fulfill the structural function and joint between panels, or a complete structure of WPC or mixture of WPC and wood can also be found. This panel has two embodiments; internal non-structural partitions and structural panels for uses, both partitions and external walls, which can also be used in the slab, roofs and ceilings. Which can be sized according to the calculation project and finally the wooden structure and/or WPC, will be the one that classifies them.
Currently in the construction industry, it has the disadvantage that the joint of the construction panels are not structural joints and are not continuous, which generate great efforts at the points of joint, which, with loads from different sources, for example, earthquakes, winds or other requirements, which generate breakage by concentration of forces in the joints between the panels. Various solutions have been found in the prior art, which partially solve the technical problem posed. Within the known is the patent application of US2011047912 AA which discloses a construction system comprising a first panel formed of expanded polystyrene with a front surface, a rear surface and an edge surface, and a second panel formed of expanded polystyrene with a front surface, a rear surface and an edge surface, wherein the first panel and the second panel are used to form a part of a building. In some embodiments, the first panel has a tongue and the second panel has a groove, and the tongue and the groove are used to couple the first panel and the second panel together. In some embodiments, the tongue and the groove are coupled with a latch mounted to the tongue of the first panel and a latch receiver mounted to the groove of the second panel. The first panel and the second panel may be formed by molding the expanded polystyrene. The problem with this panel is that the joint is not through the wooden structure, so the joint formed is weak and punctual, generating fragile or weak points within the structure due to the high stress concentrations at the joining points. In addition, it has no horizontal structure or lateral bracing of wood which leaves the structure exposed to collapse due to buckling.
While the present utility model has the joint of panels through the wooden structure and/or WPC delivering rigidity and load support at the joint of these, which generates a horizontal, vertical and lateral diagonal structure to withstand earthquake loads of at least 6° Ritcher, in addition, this joint allows a very easy, fast and reversible assembly or joint, by interweaving with each other continuously at any point of the vertical, to form a vertical structural pillar and contemplates a corner solution compatible with the joining system, the foregoing, due to the optimal integrity of materials in its manufacture, which facilitates construction times.
Another prior art document is U.S. Pat. No. 5,060,446 A, which discloses an insulating panel having at least one pair of opposing vertical sides defining opposing vertical interfaces for connection to other similar insulating panels adjacent thereto. One of the opposing vertical interfaces includes a tongue and groove interlock consisting of at least three rows of aligned tongues and grooves, the three rows including the first, second and third rows adjacent to one another, the second row extending between the first and third rows, the tongues and grooves being aligned of each of the rows staggered with respect to the tongues and grooves of each adjacent row. Therefore, this document describes an optional horizontal wooden structure, and it is placed outside the plate, that is, the expanded polystyrene must be drilled to insert it, which generates insulation losses and the joint between panels is through the EPS, which does not deliver a structural strength in said joint. In contrast, the present utility model, the horizontal woods of the panel structure are linked with the vertical ones prior to the injection of the polystyrene, which avoids thermal bridges between wood and EPS (Expanded Polystyrene) and makes a more resistant structure, where by joining two or more panels the P-shaped joining means with a projection forming a base, achieving a “C” shape to improve the structural strength throughout the joint, they achieve that the panels have rigidity and support loads in the same joint. In addition, it contemplates a corner solution compatible with the joint system and due to the optimal integrity of manufacturing materials, it facilitates construction times.
It should be mentioned that a thermal bridge corresponds to the leaks of air, noise, humidity, dust, among others in the joints, the present utility model avoids thermal bridges due to the overlaps of the expanded polystyrene layers, their configuration and specific manufacture.
On the other hand, there is the patent application US2011/0173911A1 which describes a building panel structure, which uses composite building sections to form a structure which is a building panel composed of a core and a coating applied on the core. The core consists of a frame and one or more insulating structural blocks. The insulating structural blocks may be encapsulated polystyrene (EPS) foam blocks. It further describes a method of forming a building panel structure including forming a core using a frame and one or more blocks. That is, the wooden structure is assembled apart from the block, is covered with polystyrene panels and subsequently receives a final coating, this panel has no horizontal structure or lateral bracing of wood which leaves the structure exposed to collapse due to buckling.
While the present utility model is a panel reinforced in the factory, not reinforced on site, ready to install, with a wooden structure and/or WPC injected in expanded polystyrene by means of dry steam pressures which prevents any thermal bridge between the wood and the expanded polystyrene, and with structural strength along the entire joint. In addition, it has a horizontal, vertical and lateral diagonal structure to withstand wind and/or earthquake loads of at least 6° Ritcher and also contemplates a corner solution compatible with the joint system. Finally, we highlight that, due to the optimal and efficient integrity of the materials used in their manufacture, construction and/or assembly times are simplified and reduced.
To overcome the problem raised, a constructive system of panels is presented, with structural rigidity that supports the loads at the joint between said panels, achieving a very easy, fast and reversible assembly or joint, by interweaving with each other continuously at any point of the vertical that, to form a vertical and totally insulated structural pillar without thermal bridges and with structural strength throughout the joint and without requiring additional pieces to form the corners, “T”-shaped or cross-shaped joint between panels from a top view, and that allows in a preferred configuration, allows it to be manufactured by extrusion, without requiring special dies, or making adjustments to the extruded product.
The present utility model is a constructive system of panels, with structural rigidity that supports the loads at the junction between said panels, comprising: at least two panels; that each panel comprises a frame formed by: joining means (3, 3′) that are continuously interwoven with each other at any point of the vertical, to form a vertical structural pillar (2), wherein each joining means (3, 3′) comprises a square P-shaped fitting with a projection forming a base, achieving a “C” shape to improve the structural strength throughout the joint, as shown in
In addition, it does not require additional parts to form the corners, joining in the shape of a “T” or in the shape of a cross between panels from a top view.
Another advantage of the present panel constructive system is that it has a thermal insulation much higher than other similar elements on the market because it is built with a high density polystyrene and is injected into the wooden structure and/or WPC, which avoids thermal bridges and improves acoustic insulation. The enclosure is 100% thermal insulating. In addition, the fit or the joint between panels leaves the structure completely covered, which prevents leaks, generating energy savings by leaving the house airtight and it is possible to save fuel that is required to cool and/or heat, consequently, a more comfortable, silent house is obtained and, in addition, generates an important energy saving, to form a vertical and totally insulated structural pillar without thermal bridges and with structural resistance throughout the joint.
The present utility model is a constructive system of panels with a base and webbing of wood and/or WPC, which has a horizontal, vertical and lateral diagonal structure to withstand earthquake loads from 6° to 9° Ritcher, which has an incorporated structure and it is through this that the panels are joined delivering rigidity and load support at the joint and has a joint between panels that is solid, continuous and structural, thanks to forming a vertical and totally insulated structural pillar without thermal bridges and with structural resistance throughout the joint.
The constructive system of panels serves for roof, walls, ceiling, slab and the dimension of the panel is standardized to the commercial size of those used in the market. It is important to note that it is not a thermal insulation system, it is a structural partition with thermal insulation properties, which is achieved with a wooden structure injected in expanded polystyrene by means of steam pressures, which prevents any thermal bridge between the wood and/or WPC and the EPS.
The horizontal woods of the panel structure are linked with the vertical ones prior to the injection of the expanded polystyrene, which avoids thermal bridges between wood and/or WPC and EPS, and makes a more resistant structure.
The constructive system is a prefabricated panel that does not require a third part at the corner joint and/or for walls with lengths greater than 6 meters, and that also, for wall continuity, are only assembled together, have a shape such that it fits perfectly with the next panel leaving the wooden or WPC structure completely hidden, and is quick to install and requires only 2 people, where they must fix the panels on site to lower and upper metal, or wooden or WPC floors and join them together with wood or metal screws of at least every 15 cm, without reinforcement on site.
In addition, it has a decorative use, since it is possible to give them various finishes to the requirements of each user, which makes it a versatile and practical system. In addition to coatings, both interior and exterior, these can be with addition to the substrate such as paints, Exterior Insulation and Finish System (EIFS) etc. copper nanoparticles, which takes advantage of the bactericidal and fungicidal properties of this material.
Other important characteristics of this constructive system, in addition; is that the WPC is hollow inside, which allows to give greater resistance to its structure, with less weight and also, in these same internal grooves of the WPC it is allowed to incorporate the installations of weak and electrical energies, pipes, piping, among other elements necessary for the construction.
As shown in the figures, the present utility model is a constructive system of panels (1), with structural rigidity that supports the loads at the joint between said panels (1), with thermal, acoustic insulation, without thermal bridges and with structural strength along the entire joint and which also does not require additional pieces to form the corners, “T”-shaped or “X”-shaped joint between panels from a top view, comprising:
Each panel comprises at its proximal end the joining means (3) that is attached on its face corresponding to face (B) and/or on the outer face of the base (E), to leave on its visible faces corresponding to the edges (C1, C2) and at its distal end the joining means (3′) that is attached on its face corresponding to face (B) and/or on the outer face of the base (E), to leave on its visible faces corresponding to the edges (C2, C1) inversely to the joining means (3), and thereby form the vertical structural pillar (2) by interweaving said joining means (3, 3′) of two panels, achieving structural rigidity that supports the loads at said joint.
In a preferred configuration, the joining means (3) comprises the same geometry of the joining means (3′), with at least one longitudinal groove (11) of a joining means (3, 3′), for joining at least two modules in parallel.
In another preferred configuration, the joining means (3) comprises a geometry different from the joining means (3′), wherein the longitudinal groove (11) is on the face (B) of the joining means (3) and the joining means (3′) comprises the longitudinal groove (11) on the outer face of the base (E), to form a 90° joint between two modules.
In another preferred configuration, the joining means (3, 3′) further comprises joining means perforations (24) for decreasing the weight of said joining means (3, 3′) and/or the pillar (5) further comprises pillar perforations (25) for decreasing the weight of said pillar (5) and crossbar perforations (26) in the crossbar (6), wherein the joining means perforations (24), the pillar perforations (25) and the crossbar perforations (26) comprise a circular, rectangular, square, triangular, or hexagonal (honeycomb type) section, among other geometric shapes.
The crossbar joining means (12) located at each distal/proximal end of the crossbar (6) comprise overhangs in the shape of an inverted trapezium, known as a dovetail.
In another preferred configuration, the at least one longitudinal groove (11) of the joining means (3, 3′) are rectangular grooves with a plurality of vertical recesses in the central direction in the shape of an inverted trapezium, known as a dovetail, in which crossbar joining means (12) are inserted.
The longitudinal pillar grooves (15) of said pillar (5) are rectangular grooves with a plurality of vertical recesses in the central direction in the shape of an inverted trapezium, known as a dovetail, into which crossbar joining means (12) are inserted and the at least one longitudinal groove (11) of the joining means (3, 3′) are in the shape of an inverted trapezium in the horizontal direction, known as a dovetail, into which crossbar joining means (12) are inserted, wherein the longitudinal pillar grooves (15) of said pillar (5) are in the shape of an inverted trapezium in the horizontal direction, known as a dovetail, into which crossbar joining means (12) are inserted.
In another preferred configuration, spacers (16) slide with at least one longitudinal groove (11) and/or in the longitudinal pillar grooves (15) to generate a predetermined distance between the crossbar joining means (12), these spacers (16) have a cross section in the shape of an inverted trapezium with a predetermined length depending on the amount of the number of crossbars (6) that are desired to be installed along the joining means (3, 3′). In addition, these spacers (16) can have equal or different lengths, depending on whether the panel is for door, window, flat panel, or any other requirement where these spacers (16) are only an installation support for the operator, since the crossbars (6) are slidably installed and supported on these spacers, where the crossbars (6) are affirmed only with the dovetail, either sliding or by a “click” in the configuration of rectangular grooves with a plurality of vertical recesses in the central direction in the shape of an inverted trapezium. Moreover, the crossbars (6) can also, as another preferred configuration, be joined with the pillar (5) or with the joining means (3, 3′), through fixing means, such as nails, screws, rivets, glues, silicones, polyurethane, among other fixing means.
In another preferred configuration, the joining means (3, 3′), the pillars (5), the crossbar (6), the struts, are made of wood, metal, copper, aluminum, zinc, plastic, resins, WPC (Wood Plastic Composite) of a composition comprising plastic with wood or mixture thereof.
In another preferred configuration, in their top and plan views, they comply with the following relationship: each edge (D1, D2) is ½ of the inner edge of the face (A).
In another preferred configuration, the inside of the panels includes at least one brace that joins the upper or lower end of the joining means (3) with the opposite (lower or upper) end of the joining means (3′).
In another preferred configuration, the crossbars (6) are located alternately from left to right with respect to the pillar (5), to improve the structural strength of the panel (1), wherein the number of crossbars (6) is asymmetrical, between the crossbars (6) on the left with respect to the crossbars (6) on the right of the pillar (5), to leave a light for the installation of doors, windows and/or ventilation lattices.
In another preferred configuration, the pillar (5) is centered between the joining means (3) and the joining means (3′) or the pillar (5) is off-center between the joining means (3) and the joining means (3′).
In another preferred configuration, the insulating material is expanded polystyrene.
In another preferred configuration, the frame coating has flanges (8) that extend over the outer face of the base (E) of the joining means (3, 3′), creating a continuous insulating coating between each panel (1), in addition, said panel further comprises copper particles as a bactericidal and fungicidal agent, its exterior and/or inside said panel (1).
As mentioned in the previous paragraph, said panel further comprises copper as a bactericidal and fungicidal agent, preferably copper nanoparticles, its exterior and/or inside said panel (1), to further improve its useful life and usability of the built property. It should be mentioned that these panels can be used indoors, as partition panels, as well as outdoors, as structural panels of the property, so the use of copper particles as a bactericidal and fungicidal agent in their coatings implies a greater versatility of use of these panels. Without counting the advantages of adaptability of these panels for connections of water, gas, heating, electrical connection pipes, drainage, among other constructive requirements requested for the different parts of the property, such as: kitchen, bathroom, bedrooms, loggia, living room, dining room, desks and/or living rooms, among others.
With this panel you can build houses, buildings of 1 to 2 floors, and serve for structural exterior walls and internal dividing walls, commonly called partitions.
In other preferred configurations, related to the anchors, upper and lower beams, the present utility model is adapted to two types of beams. For the anchors of the panels there are two types of beams, galvanized steel beams (
Different options described for different technical characteristics may be combined with each other, or with other options known to a person ordinarily skilled in the art, without limiting the scope of the present application.
In the context of the present application, without limiting the scope thereof, “at least one” shall be understood as one or more of the elements referred to. Accordingly, the number of elements referred to does not limit the scope of the present application. Additionally, in the event that more than one element is provided, said elements may or may not be identical to each other without limiting the scope of the present application.
In the context of the present application, without limiting the scope thereof, “plurality” shall be understood as two or more of the elements referred to. Accordingly, the number of elements of the plurality referred to does not limit the scope of the present application as long as it is greater than or equal to two. Additionally, said elements of the plurality may or may not be identical to each other, without limiting the scope of the present application.
The panels of this utility model were used to assemble a property, as shown in
To start the construction of the property, it must be defined where the assembly will begin, said assembly must begin at one corner, so it is suggested to choose one of the corners of the property. Once this has been done, lower floors are fixed to the existing concrete. Once the floors have been installed, the first pillar of the chosen corner is installed, to continue with the installation of the panels. The first panel to be installed will be a corner panel, which will be followed by the corresponding panel according to the design of the property. When 2 panels are joined, they must be fixed together with screws every 20 cm of separation between screws in the vertical, achieving a continuous joint throughout the vertical, achieving thermal and acoustic insulation without thermal bridges.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/CL2021/050049 | May 2021 | WO | international |
| Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/CL2022/050058 | 5/27/2022 | WO |
