Patent Application
20240252375
Examples of the present disclosure relate to a support structure intended to be used in or form part of mattresses, pillows, cushions, seats, beds, positioning and/or supporting systems, as well as for dressings.
Long-term pressure on a body or part of a body may affect blood circulation negatively. If the blood circulation is reduced under a longer period of time, a person may suffer from pressure ulcers, also known as bed sores. Long-time pressure, in combination with shear or friction may cause pressure ulcers.
Bed sores may arise when a person is bedridden under a period of time. To prevent bed sores from occurring, the person has to be moved regularly to change position.
Reduced blood circulation may occur in other positions than in decubitus. If a person is sitting for a long time on a surface, for example in a wheelchair, discomfort and problems with blood circulation may occur. If a person needs support to reach an upright position or sitting, long-term contact with a supporting aid may cause both discomfort and poor blood circulation.
A conventional manner to reduce risk for bed sores is to use a foam mattress, which may have a layered structure having different properties.
SE 1550139 discloses a device for seats and reclining seats. In one embodiment, the device comprises a carrier structure and a plurality of circulation modules. The circulation modules comprise a plurality of projections projecting from a bottom portion to support at least one body part. A first side of the bottom portion, configured for abutment against the carrier structure, is convex, i.e., curved outwards.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,605,582 discloses a body support pad for inhibiting occurrence of decubitus ulcers. The body support pad includes a generally planar, flexible base member. A plurality of pillars is arrayed across a lower surface of the base member and extending outwards from the lower surface. A plurality of pods extends outwardly from an upper surface of the base member.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,686,724 discloses an open cell foam pad having a surface ripple cut to create a convoluted surface composed of hills and valleys.
Similar long-term contact with a surface and a part of a body may occur with dressings. To minimize the initiation of decubitus or facilitate healing, reduced contact area with wounds and air flow between solid material and the wound is desired.
It is an object of at least embodiments of the present disclosure to provide an improvement over the above described techniques and known art.
According to a first aspect of the disclosure, a support structure for supporting and/or contacting a body or a part of a body is provided. The support structure comprises:
At least one finger may be more rigid than a deformable portion of the base layer, the deformable portion surrounding said finger.
In one example, each finger is more rigid than a deformable portion of the base layer, the deformable portion surrounding said finger.
By being more rigid may be understood to reflect that a certain force results in a deformation or displacement of the deformable portion exceeding a deformation or displacement of the finger under the same force in a direction substantially parallel to the axial direction of the finger.
In one example, the fingers extend perpendicular to the first surface.
The deformable portion may surround the finger in direction perpendicular to the axial direction. The deformable portion may extend in a plane parallel to the extension of the base layer.
The base layer may comprise a plurality of said deformable portions and a plurality of intermediary portions from which the fingers extend, the deformable portions being more flexible than the intermediary portions.
The intermediary portion may have a radius extending between the first surface of the base layer and the finger.
A planar extension of the finger in a direction substantially parallel to a plane of the base layer may exceed a height of the finger in a direction substantially perpendicular to the plane of base layer.
A planar extension of the finger in a direction substantially parallel to an extension of the base layer may be less than a height of the finger in a direction substantially perpendicular to the extension of base layer.
The first surface of the base layer and the second surface of the base layer may be substantially co-planar.
Under pressure applied by or on the body or part of body, the plurality of fingers may deflect in a direction substantially perpendicular to an axial direction of the fingers.
Under pressure applied by or on the body or part of body on the fingers, the fingers may be substantially parallel.
Under pressure applied by or on the body or part of body, the deformable portion of the base layer may flex, or may deflect, more than the finger.
Under pressure applied by or on the body or part of body, the deformable portion of the base layer may be elastically deformed.
Under pressure applied by or on the body or part of body, deformation of the deformable portion of the base layer may be exceeding deformation of the finger.
Under pressure applied by or on the body or part of body, deflection of the deformable portion of the base layer may be exceeding deflection of the finger.
Under pressure applied by or on the body or part of body, the deformable portion of the base layer may be displaced in a direction parallel to the axial direction.
Under pressure applied by or on the body or part of body, a displacement of the deformable portion of the base layer in a direction parallel to the axial direction may exceed a compression of the finger in the axial direction. For example, this may be obtained by the fingers being more rigid than the deformable portion.
Under pressure applied by or on the body or part of body, a displacement of the deformable portion of the base layer in a direction perpendicular to the axial direction may exceed a displacement of a distal end of the finger in a direction perpendicular to the axial direction such that adjacent fingers are separated by a distance. Distal ends of adjacent fingers may be separated by a distance.
When no pressure is applied, the deformable portion of the base layer may have a substantially planar extension, and under pressure applied by or on the body or part of body, the deformable portion of the base layer may have a concavely curved shape as seen from the first surface.
Under pressure applied by or on the body or part of body, the fingers may have substantially linear extension in the axial direction.
Under pressure applied by or on the body or part of body, the fingers may be substantially linearly displaced in the axial direction.
The base layer may comprise a base portion and raised portions arranged at a distance from the base portion in direction parallel to the axial direction.
At least one of said plurality of fingers may extend from the raised portion.
Said at least one finger may extend perpendicularly from the raised portion.
The base portion may extend from a perimeter of the raised portions.
The base portion may extend between the raised portions.
The base portion may connect the raised portions to form the base layer.
The raised portion may form the deformable portion of the base layer.
The raised portion may have a polygon shape, such as triangular, quadrilateral such as square or rectangular, pentagon, for example pentagram, hexagon, octagon. The raised portion may have a circular, oval, crescent, asterisk, toroid or obround shape.
Said at least one finger may be arranged at a corner of the raised portion, or may be positioned at a different position than at a corner, for example positioned between two adjacent corners.
At least one finger may be arranged in a first group of fingers extending from a first raised portion of said raised portions, at least one finger may be arranged in a second group of fingers extending from a second raised portion of said raised portions.
A distance between adjacent fingers in the first group may be less than a distance between a finger in the first group to a finger in the second group, adjacent the first group.
A number of fingers in the first group may be 2-12. In one example, a number of fingers in the first group may be 3-12. A number of fingers in second group may be 2-12. In one example, a number of fingers in the second group may be 3-12.
A ratio between a thickness of the deformable portion of the base layer to a length of the finger may be at least 1:2. In one example, a ratio between a thickness of the deformable portion of the base layer to a length of the finger may be at least 1:2 such as in the range 1:2 to 1:10 such as 1:3 to 1:8, for example for a material having a Shore value in the A scale. In one example, a ratio between a thickness of the deformable portion of the base layer to a length of the finger may be at least 1:1 such as in the range 1:1 to 1:5, for example for a material having a Shore value in the 00 or 000 scale. In one example, a ratio between a thickness of the deformable portion of the base layer to a length of the finger may be at least 2:1.
A total area of the distal ends of the fingers may be less than 50% of a total area of the support structure, such that in the range of 5-50% of the total area of the support structure.
A material forming said fingers may have a Shore value measured in the 000 scale. A material forming said fingers may have a Shore value measured in the 00 scale. A material forming said fingers may have a Shore value measured in the 0 scale.
A material forming said fingers may have a Shore value measured in the A scale. A material forming said fingers may have a Shore value measured in the D scale.
A material forming said fingers may have a Shore value exceeding 25-000 (000 Shore scale). In one example of the support structure, a material forming said fingers may have a Shore value in the range of 25-000 to 80-00. A material forming said fingers may have a Shore value exceeding 30-D (D Shore scale). In one example of the support structure, a material forming said fingers may have a Shore value in the range of 30-D to 100-D. In one example of the support structure, a material forming said fingers may have a Shore value in the range of 10-A to 50-A.
The finger may have a substantially circular cross-section having a diameter, wherein a ratio between the diameter at the distal end and a length of the finger may be at least 1:2, such that in the range of 1:2 to 1:10.
The finger may have a substantially circular cross-section having a diameter, wherein a ratio between the diameter at the distal end and a distance between adjacent fingers may be at least 1:2 such as at least 1:3, such that in the range of 1:2 to 1:10. The distance between adjacent fingers may be measured when no pressure is applied.
A ratio between a distance between adjacent fingers to a length of a finger may be at least 1:2, such that in the range of 1:2 to 1:10. The distance between adjacent fingers may be measured when no pressure is applied.
The fingers may have a conical shape.
The fingers may be solid. The fingers may be hollow or tubular.
A surface of the distal end of the finger may have a half-spherical shape. The surface of the distal end of the fingers may be convex.
A surface of the distal end of the finger may have a surface area of at least 3 mm2. In one example, a surface of the distal end of the finger may have a surface area of at least 5 mm2.
The base layer may comprise at least one opening
At least one opening may be provided in the base portion.
At least one opening may be located in the finger or in the raised portion of the base layer.
The deformable portion of the base layer may comprise a plurality of perforations.
Adjacent fingers may be connected by a distancing arm extending from one finger to an adjacent finger.
The base layer may comprise an upper layer and a lower layer. A thickness of the upper layer may be different from a thickness of the lower layer. The thickness of the upper layer may be less than the thickness of the lower layer. The upper layer and the lower layer may in one example be co-planar. The upper layer may be adapted to face the body or part of body to be supported. The lower layer may be adapted to face an underlying structure. The lower layer may be foamed. The lower layer may layer may contribute to resisting displacement of the upper layer in a direction parallel to the axis of the fingers. The upper layer may behave as a diaphragm/membrane.
In one example, the second surface of the base layer may be provided with a plurality of fingers, for example fingers of the above described type. The second surface of the base layer of a first support structure of the above described type may be adapted to face a second support structure of the above described type. Fingers of the first support structure may interlockingly engage with spaces between fingers of the second support structure. Fingers of the second support structure may have a corresponding shape and configuration as fingers of the first support structure.
The support structure may be, or form part of, a mattress. In one example, the support structure is arranged on or as a layer of a conventional mattress, such as foam mattress. The second surface may be configured to face a conventional mattress, or conventional pillow or cushion.
The support structure may be, or form part of, a pillow or cushion.
The support structure may be, or form part of, a pad or cushion system intended to support a person in a certain position.
The support layer may be part of a matrass or cushion cover.
The support structure may be, or form part of, a dressing.
In one example, a length of the finger may be 5-20 mm. Such example may be when used in a relatively large support structure such as a matrass. In another example, a length of the finger may be 1-10 mm, such as when used as or included in a dressing.
In one example, when pressure of a body or body part is not applied on the support structure, a distance between adjacent fingers may be 5-30 mm. In another example, when pressure of a body or body part is not applied on the support structure, a distance between adjacent finger may be 0.5-10 mm, for example when used as or included in a dressing.
In one example, when pressure from a body or body part is applied on the support structure, a distance between adjacent fingers may be 0.5-30 mm. In another example, when pressure from a body or body part is applied on the support structure, a distance between adjacent fingers may be 0.1-10 mm, for example when used as or included in a dressing.
In one example, the distance between adjacent fingers when pressure from a body or body part is applied on the support structure may correspond to, or substantially correspond to, the distance between adjacent fingers when pressure from a body or body part is not applied on the support structure.
In one example, in a cross-sectional direction of the finger perpendicular to the axial direction, the finger may have an extension of 2.5-15 mm at the distal end. In another example, for example when used as or included in a dressing, in a cross-sectional direction of the finger perpendicular to the axial direction, the finger may have an extension of 0.1-10 mm such as 0.1-2.5 mm at the distal end.
In one example, the finger may have a substantially circular cross-section. A diameter of the finger at the distal end may be 2.5-15 mm. In another example, for example when used as or included in a dressing, the diameter of the finger at the distal end may be 1-5 mm.
The fingers may be integrally formed with the base layer.
The support structure may be moulded in one part, such as being injection-moulded.
The base layer and/or the fingers may be formed of a polymeric material. The base layer and/or the fingers may be formed of a thermoplastic material. The base layer and/or the fingers may be formed of an elastomer, for example a thermoplastic elastomer. The base layer and/or the fingers may be formed of silicone rubber. The polymeric material may be foamed.
In one example, the base layer and/or the fingers may be formed from pulp and fibre materials, and/or plant-based materials. Deflections in the base layer may be provided by slots or perforations which enable elastic deflection.
Combinations of materials are also considered. For example, fingers, raised portions of the base layer, base layer and base portion may be of different materials. A layered structure is also considered, as coatings applied on a base material, for example a metal layer assembled or deposited or electroformed to improve dissipation of heat.
The base layer and/or the fingers may be formed of metal, as in the case of stamped or hydraulically formed metal sheet or foil. It may be electroformed. Metal forms may provide the advantage of providing improved heat dissipation.
The base layer and fingers may be separately formed of the same or separate materials and joined to form a finished product of combined base layer and fingers.
The fingers may have a conical shape with a draft angle of at least 2.5°, such that in the range of 2.5° to 25°.
According to a second aspect of the disclosure, a support structure for supporting and/or contacting a body or part of a body is provided. The support structure comprises
The fingers may be arranged at a distance from each other.
The base portion may extend from a perimeter of the raised portions.
The base portion may connect the raised portions to form the base layer.
The base portion may continuously extend between the raised portions,
Each finger may be more rigid than the raised portion of the base layer.
The base layer may comprise a plurality of said deformable portions and a plurality of intermediary portions from which the fingers extend, the deformable portions being more flexible than the intermediary portions.
The raised portion may form a deformable portion of the base layer.
The base layer may have a first surface configured to face said body or part of body, and a second surface opposite the first surface and being substantially co-planar with the first surface.
A void or cavity may be formed under said raised portion, on a surface of the base layer facing away from the finger.
The raised portion may be flexible, at least as compared to a flexibility of the finger.
Under pressure applied by or on the body or part of body, deformation of the raised portion may exceed deformation of the finger.
Under pressure applied by or on the body or part of body, the raised portion of the base layer may deflect, or may flex, more than the finger.
Under pressure applied by or on the body or part of body, the raised portion of the base layer may be elastically deformed.
Under pressure applied by or on the body or part of body, a displacement of the raised portion in a direction parallel to the axial direction may exceed a compression of the finger in the axial direction.
Under pressure applied by or on the body or part of body, the fingers may be substantially linear displaced in the axial direction.
Under pressure applied by or on the body or part of body, a displacement of the raised portion in a direction perpendicular to the axial direction may exceed a displacement of a distal end of the finger in a direction perpendicular to the axial direction, such that adjacent fingers are separated by a distance. Distal ends of adjacent fingers may be separated by a distance.
More than one finger may extend from a single raised portion.
At least one finger may be arranged in a first group of fingers extending from a first of said raised portions, and at least one finger may be arranged in a second group of fingers extending from a second of said raised portions.
Fingers extending from the same raised portion may form a group of fingers.
A number of fingers in the first group may be 2-12. In one example, a number of fingers in the first group may be 3-12. A number of fingers in second group may be 2-12. In one example, a number of fingers in second group may be 3-12.
A distance between adjacent fingers in one group may be less than a distance between fingers not belonging to the same group.
The raised portion may have a polygon shape, such as triangular, quadrilateral such as square or rectangular, pentagon, for example pentagram, hexagon, octagon. The raised portion may have a circular, oval, crescent, asterisk, toroid or obround shape.
Said at least one finger may be arranged at a corner of the raised portion, or may be positioned at a different position than at a corner, for example positioned between two adjacent corners.
The raised portion may be arranged at a distance of 1-10 mm from the base portion as measured in a direction parallel to the axial direction. In one example, the raised portion may be arranged at a distance of 5-50 mm from the base portion.
The finger and/or raised portions may be provided with at least one opening.
The base portion may be provided with at least one opening.
The fingers may be integrally formed with the base layer.
The support structure may be moulded in one part, such as being injection-moulded.
The base layer and/or the fingers may be formed of a polymeric material. The base layer and/or the fingers may be formed of a thermoplastic material. The base layer and/or the fingers may be formed of an elastomer, for example a thermoplastic elastomer. The base layer and/or the fingers may be formed of silicone rubber. The polymeric material may be foamed.
In one example, the base layer and/or the fingers may be formed from pulp and fibre materials, and/or plant-based materials. Deflections in the base layer may be provided by slots or perforations which enable elastic deflection.
Combinations of materials are also considered. For example, fingers, raised portions of the base layer, base layer and base portion may be of different materials. A layered structure is also considered, as coatings applied on a base material, for example a metal layer assembled or deposited or electroformed to improve dissipation of heat.
The fingers may have a conical shape with a draft angle of at least 2.5°, such that in the range of 2.5° to 25°.
The fingers may have a conical shape.
The fingers may be solid. The fingers may be hollow or tubular.
A surface of the distal end of the finger may have a half-spherical shape. The surface of the distal end of the fingers may be convex.
A surface of the distal end of the finger may have a surface area of at least 3 mm2. In one example, a surface of the distal end of the finger may have a surface area of at least 5 mm2.
A total area of the distal ends of the fingers may be less than 50% of a total area of the support structure, such that in the range of 5-50% of the total area of the support structure.
The base layer may comprise an upper layer and a lower layer. A thickness of the upper layer may be different from a thickness of the lower layer. The thickness of the upper layer may be less than the thickness of the lower layer. The upper layer and the lower layer may in one example be co-planar. The upper layer may be adapted to face the body or part of body to be supported. The lower layer may be adapted to face an underlying structure. The lower layer may be foamed. The lower layer may layer may contribute to resisting displacement of the upper layer in a direction parallel to the axis of the fingers. The upper layer may behave as a diaphragm/membrane.
In one example, the second surface of the base layer may be provided with a plurality of fingers, for example fingers of the above described type. The second surface of the base layer of a first support structure of the above described type may be adapted to face a second support structure of the above described type. Fingers of the first support structure may interlockingly engage with spaces between fingers of the second support structure. Fingers of the second support structure may have a corresponding shape and configuration as fingers of the first support structure.
The support structure may be, or form part of, a mattress. In one example, the support structure is arranged on conventional mattress, such as foam mattress.
The support structure may be, or form part of, a pillow or cushion.
The support layer may be part of a matrass cover or cushion cover.
The support structure may be, or form part of, a pad or cushion system intended to support a person in a certain position.
The support structure may be, or form part of, a dressing.
According to a third aspect of the disclosure, a support structure for supporting and/or contacting a body or part of a body is provided. The support structure comprises:
The first surface of the base layer and the second surface of the base layer may be substantially co-planar with the first surface.
A least one finger may be more rigid than a deformable portion of the base layer, the deformable portion surrounding said finger.
In one example, each finger may be more rigid than a deformable portion of the base layer, the deformable portion surrounding said finger.
The base layer may comprise a plurality of said deformable portions and a plurality of intermediary portions from which the fingers extend, the deformable portions being more flexible than the intermediary portions.
Under pressure applied by or on the body or part of body, the deformable portion of the base layer may flex, or may deflect, more than the finger.
Under pressure applied by or on the body or part of body, the deformable portion of the base layer may be elastically deformed.
The deformable portion of the base layer may be a raised portion of the base layer.
A raised portion of the base layer may extend at a distance from a base portion of the base layer in a direction parallel to the axial direction. The base portion may extend between the raised portions. The fingers may extend perpendicularly from the raised portions.
At least one finger may be arranged in a first group of fingers extending from a first of said raised portions, and at least one finger may be arranged in a second group of fingers extending from a second of said raised portions.
A distance of adjacent fingers in the first group may be less than a distance between a finger in the first group to a finger in the second group, adjacent the first group.
A number of fingers in the first group and/or second group may be 2-12. In one example, a number of fingers in the first group and/or second group may be 3-12.
The raised portion may have a polygon shape, such as triangular, quadrilateral such as square or rectangular, pentagon, for example pentagram, hexagon, octagon. The raised portion may have a circular, oval, crescent, asterisk, toroid or obround shape.
Said at least one finger may be arranged at a corner of the raised portion, or may be positioned at a different position than at a corner, for example positioned between two adjacent corners.
The base layer, or a base portion of the base layer, may have a substantially planar extension when no pressure is applied to the support structure.
The raised portion may be flexible, at least in view of the finger.
Under pressure applied by or on the body or part of body, deformation of the deformable portion of the base layer may exceed deformation of the finger.
Under pressure applied by or on the body or part of body, a displacement of the portion of the deformable portion of the base layer in a direction parallel to the axial direction may exceed a compression of the finger in the axial direction.
Under pressure applied by or on the body or part of body, a displacement of the deformable portion of the base layer in a direction perpendicular to the axial direction may exceed a displacement of a distal end the finger in a direction perpendicular to the axial direction, such that adjacent fingers are separated by a distance. Distal ends of adjacent fingers may be separated by a distance.
The fingers may be integrally formed with the base layer.
The support structure may be moulded in one part, such as being injection-moulded.
The base layer and/or the fingers may be formed of a polymeric material. The base layer and/or the fingers may be formed of a thermoplastic material. The base layer and/or the fingers may be formed of an elastomer, for example a thermoplastic elastomer. The base layer and/or the fingers may be formed of silicone rubber. The polymeric material may be foamed.
In one example, the base layer and/or the fingers may be formed from pulp and fibre materials, and/or plant-based materials. Deflections in the base layer may be provided by slots or perforations which enable elastic deflection.
Combinations of materials are also considered. For example, fingers, raised portions of the base layer, base layer and base portion may be of different materials. A layered structure is also considered, as coatings applied on a base material, for example a metal layer assembled or deposited or electroformed to improve dissipation of heat.
The fingers may have a conical shape with a draft angle of at least 2.5°, such that in the range of 2.5° to 25°.
A surface of the distal end of the finger may have a surface area of at least 3 mm2. In one example, a surface of the distal end of the finger may have a surface area of at least 5 mm2.
A total area of the distal ends of the fingers may be less than 50% of a total area of the support structure, such that in the range of 5-50% of the total area of the support structure.
The base layer may comprise an upper layer and a lower layer. A thickness of the upper layer may be different from a thickness of the lower layer. The thickness of the upper layer may be less than the thickness of the lower layer. The upper layer and the lower layer may in one example be co-planar. The upper layer may be adapted to face the body or part of body to be supported. The lower layer may be adapted to face an underlying structure. The lower layer may be foamed. The lower layer may layer may contribute to resisting displacement of the upper layer in a direction parallel to the axis of the fingers. The upper layer may behave as a diaphragm/membrane.
In one example, the second surface of the base layer may be provided with a plurality of fingers, for example fingers of the above described type. The second surface of the base layer of a first support structure of the above described type may be adapted to face a second support structure of the above described type. Fingers of the first support structure may interlockingly engage with spaces between fingers of the second support structure. Fingers of the second support structure may have a corresponding shape and configuration as fingers of the first support structure.
The support structure may be, or form part of, a mattress. In one example, the support structure is arranged on conventional mattress, such as foam mattress.
The support structure may be, or form part of, a pillow or cushion.
The support structure may be, or form part of, a pad or cushion system intended to support a person in a certain position. The support layer may be part of a matrass cover or cushion cover.
The support structure may be, or form part of, a dressing.
According to a fourth aspect of the disclosure, a support structure for supporting and/or contacting a body or part of a body is provided. The support structure comprises
The finger may have a substantially circular cross-section having a diameter, wherein a ratio between the diameter at the distal end and a length of the finger is at least 1:2 such as at least 1:3, such that in the range of 1:2 to 1:10.
The finger may have a substantially circular cross-section having a diameter, wherein a ratio between the diameter at the distal end and a distance between adjacent finger is at least 1:2, such that in the range of 1:2 to 1:10. The distance between adjacent fingers may be measured when no pressure is applied.
A ratio between a distance between adjacent fingers to a length of a finger to may be at least 1:1 such as at least 1:2, such that in the range of 1:1 to 1:10. The distance between adjacent fingers may be measured when no pressure is applied.
In one example, a length of the finger may be 5-20 mm. Such example may be when used in a relatively large support structure such as a matrass. In another example, a length of the finger may be 1-10 mm, such as when used as or included in a dressing.
In one example, when pressure of a body or body part is not applied on the support structure, a distance between adjacent fingers may be 5-30 mm. In another example, when pressure of a body or body part is not applied on the support structure, a distance between adjacent fingers may be 0.5-10 mm, for example when used as or included in a dressing.
In one example, when pressure from a body or body part is applied on the support structure, a distance between adjacent fingers may be 0.5-30 mm. In another example, when pressure from a body or body part is applied on the support structure, a distance between adjacent fingers may be 0.1-10 mm, for example when used as or included in a dressing.
In one example, the distance between adjacent fingers when pressure from a body or body part is applied on the support structure may correspond to, or substantially correspond to, the distance between adjacent fingers when pressure from a body or body part is not applied on the support structure.
In one example, in a cross-sectional direction of the finger perpendicular to the axial direction, the finger may have an extension of 2.5-15 mm at the distal end. In another example, for example when used as or included in a dressing, in a cross-sectional direction of the finger perpendicular to the axial direction, the finger may have an extension of 0.1-5 mm at the distal end, such as 1-2.5 mm.
In one example, the finger may have a substantially circular cross-section. A diameter of the finger at the distal end may be 2.5-15 mm. In another example, for example when used as or included in a dressing, the diameter of the finger at the distal end may be 0.1-5 mm such as 1-2.5 mm.
The first surface of the base layer and the second surface of the base layer may be substantially co-planar.
A distance between adjacent fingers arranged in a first group of fingers may be less than a distance between a finger in the first group to a finger arranged in a second group of fingers.
The base layer may continuously extend between the groups of fingers.
At least one finger may be more rigid than a deformable portion of the base layer, the deformable portion surrounding said finger.
In one example, each finger is more rigid than a deformable portion of the base layer, the deformable portion surrounding said finger.
The base layer may comprise a plurality of said deformable portions and a plurality of intermediary portions from which the fingers extend, the deformable portions being more flexible than the intermediary portions.
The deformable portion of the base layer may be a raised portion of the base layer.
The fingers may be extending from a raised portion of the base layer in a direction parallel to the axial direction.
A base portion may extend between the raised portions.
At least one finger may be arranged in a first group of fingers extending from a first of said raised portion, and at least one finger may be arranged in a second group of fingers extending from a second of said raised portion.
A distance of adjacent fingers in the first group may be less than a distance between a finger in the first group to a finger in the second group, adjacent the first group.
A number of fingers in the first group may be 2-12. In one example, a number of fingers in the first group may be 3-12. A number of fingers in the second group may be 2-12. In one example, a number of fingers in the second group may be 3-12.
The raised portion may have a polygon shape, such as triangular, quadrilateral such as square or rectangular, pentagon, for example pentagram, hexagon, octagon. The raised portion may have a circular, oval, crescent, asterisk, toroid or obround shape.
Said at least one finger may be arranged at a corner of the raised portion, or may be positioned at a different position than at a corner, for example positioned between two adjacent corners.
A ratio between a thickness of the deformable portion of the base layer to a length of the finger may be at least 1:2. In one example, a ratio between a thickness of the deformable portion of the base layer to a length of the finger may be at least 1:2 such as in the range 1:3 to 1:8, for example for a material having a Shore value in the A scale. In one example, a ratio between a thickness of the deformable portion of the base layer to a length of the finger may be at least 1:1 such as in the range 1:1 to 1:5, for example for a material having a Shore value in the 00 or 000 scale. In one example, a ratio between a thickness of the deformable portion of the base layer to a length of the finger may be at least 2:1.
A total area of the surfaces of the distal ends of the fingers may be less than 50% of a total area of the support structure. The total area of the surfaces of the distal ends of the fingers may be exceeding 10% of a total area of the support structure. The total area of the surfaces of the distal ends of the fingers may be between 10-50% such as between 20-30% of a total area of the support structure.
A material forming said fingers may have a Shore value measured in the 000 scale. A material forming said fingers may have a Shore value measured in the 00 scale. A material forming said fingers may have a Shore value measured in the 0 scale.
A material forming said fingers may have a Shore value measured in the A scale. A material forming said fingers may have a Shore value measured in the D scale.
A material forming said fingers may have a Shore value exceeding 25-000 (000 Shore scale). In one example of the support structure, a material forming said fingers may have a Shore value in the range of 25-000 to 80-00. A material forming said fingers may have a Shore value exceeding 50-D (D Shore scale). In one example of the support structure, a material forming said fingers may have a Shore value in the range of 50-D to 100-D.
The fingers may be integrally formed with the base layer.
The support structure may be moulded in one part, such as being injection-moulded.
The base layer and/or the fingers may be formed of a polymeric material. The base layer and/or the fingers may be formed of a thermoplastic material. The base layer and/or the fingers may be formed of an elastomer, for example a thermoplastic elastomer. The base layer and/or the fingers may be formed of silicone rubber. The polymeric material may be foamed.
In one example, the base layer and/or the fingers may be formed from pulp and fibre materials, and/or plant-based materials. Deflections in the base layer may be provided by slots or perforations which enable elastic deflection.
Combinations of materials are also considered. For example, fingers, raised portions of the base layer, base layer and base portion may be of different materials. A layered structure is also considered, as coatings applied on a base material, for example a metal layer assembled or deposited or electroformed to improve dissipation of heat.
The fingers may have a conical shape with a draft angle of at least 2.5°, such that in the range of 2.5° to 25°.
The finger/fingers may have a conical shape.
The finger/fingers may be solid. The fingers may be hollow or tubular.
A surface of the distal end of the finger may have a half-spherical shape. The surface of the distal end of the fingers may be convex.
The base layer, or a base portion of the base layer, may have a substantially planar extension when no pressure is applied to the support structure.
The base layer may comprise an upper layer and a lower layer. A thickness of the upper layer may be different from a thickness of the lower layer. The thickness of the upper layer may be less than the thickness of the lower layer. The upper layer and the lower layer may in one example be co-planar. The upper layer may be adapted to face the body or part of body to be supported. The lower layer may be adapted to face an underlying structure. The lower layer may be foamed. The lower layer may layer may contribute to resisting displacement of the upper layer in a direction parallel to the axis of the fingers. The upper layer may behave as a diaphragm/membrane.
In one example, the second surface of the base layer may be provided with a plurality of fingers, for example fingers of the above described type. The second surface of the base layer of a first support structure of the above described type may be adapted to face a second support structure of the above described type. Fingers of the first support structure may interlockingly engage with spaces between fingers of the second support structure. Fingers of the second support structure may have a corresponding shape and configuration as fingers of the first support structure.
The support structure may be, or form part of, a mattress. In one example, the support structure is arranged on conventional mattress, such as foam mattress.
The support structure may be, or form part of, a pillow or cushion.
The support structure may be, or form part of, a pad or cushion system intended to support a person in a certain position.
The support layer may be part of a matrass cover or cushion cover.
The support structure may be, or form part of, a dressing.
According to a fifth aspect of the disclosure, a support structure for supporting and/or contacting a body or a part of a body is provided. The support structure comprises
The hole structure may be intended to increase the flexibility of the deformable portion of the base layer. The deformable portion of the base layer may be flexible, at least in view of the finger.
At least one finger may be more rigid than the deformable portion.
In one example, each finger may be more rigid than the deformable portion.
The base layer may comprise a plurality of said deformable portions and a plurality of intermediary portions from which the fingers extend, the deformable portions being more flexible than the intermediary portions.
The base layer may comprise a plurality of said deformable portions and a plurality of intermediary portions from which the fingers extend, the deformable portions being more flexible than the intermediary portions.
The perforations may comprise a plurality of slots. The slots may be arranged in a pattern. The slots may extend between the first surface and the second surface of the base layer.
The first surface and the second surface of the base layer may be substantially co-planar with the first surface.
The deformable portion of the base layer may be a raised portion of the base layer. The raised portions may extend from a base portion of the base layer, wherein the base portion may extend between the raised portions.
The raised portion may be provided with the perforations.
The base layer, or a base portion of the base layer, may have a substantially planar extension when no pressure is applied to the support structure.
Under pressure applied by or on the body or part of body, deformation of the deformable portion of the base layer may exceed deformation of the finger.
Under pressure applied by or on the body or part of body, a displacement of the deformable portion of the base layer in a direction parallel to the axial direction may exceed a compression of the finger in the axial direction.
Under pressure applied by or on the body or part of body, a displacement of the deformable portion of the base layer in a direction perpendicular to the axial direction may exceed a displacement of a distal end the finger in a direction perpendicular to the axial direction, such that adjacent fingers are separated by a distance. Distal ends of adjacent fingers may be separated by a distance.
A material forming the finger may have a different Shore value than a material forming the base layer.
The support structure may be, or form part of, a dressing.
The support structure may be moulded in one part, such as being injection-moulded.
The base layer and/or the fingers may be formed of a polymeric material. The base layer and/or the fingers may be formed of a thermoplastic material. The base layer and/or the fingers may be formed of an elastomer, for example a thermoplastic elastomer. The base layer and/or the fingers may be formed of silicone rubber. The polymeric material may be foamed.
In one example, the base layer and/or the fingers may be formed from pulp and fibre materials, and/or plant-based materials. Deflections in the base layer may be provided by slots or perforations which enable elastic deflection.
Combinations of materials are also considered. For example, fingers, raised portions of the base layer, base layer and base portion may be of different materials. A layered structure is also considered, as coatings applied on a base material, for example a metal layer assembled or deposited or electroformed to improve dissipation of heat.
The base layer may comprise an upper layer and a lower layer. A thickness of the upper layer may be different from a thickness of the lower layer. The thickness of the upper layer may be less than the thickness of the lower layer. The upper layer and the lower layer may in one example be co-planar. The upper layer may be adapted to face the body or part of body to be supported. The lower layer may be adapted to face an underlying structure. The lower layer may be foamed. The lower layer may layer may contribute to resisting displacement of the upper layer in a direction parallel to the axis of the fingers. The upper layer may behave as a diaphragm/membrane.
In one example, the second surface of the base layer may be provided with a plurality of fingers, for example fingers of the above described type. The second surface of the base layer of a first support structure of the above described type may be adapted to face a second support structure of the above described type. Fingers of the first support structure may interlockingly engage with spaces between fingers of the second support structure. Fingers of the second support structure may have a corresponding shape and configuration as fingers of the first support structure.
The support structure may be, or form part of, a mattress. In one example, the support structure is arranged on conventional mattress, such as foam mattress.
The support structure may be, or form part of, a pillow or cushion.
The support layer may be part of a matrass cover or cushion cover.
The support structure may be, or form part of, a pad or cushion system intended to support a person in a certain position.
According to a sixth aspect, a support structure for supporting and/or contacting a body or a part of a body is provided. The support structure comprises
The distancing arm may be configured to increase the rigidity of the fingers.
The first surface and the second surface of the base layer may be substantially co-planar with the first surface.
Fingers connected by distancing arms may form a group of fingers. The group may for example have a may have a polygon shape, such as triangular, quadrilateral such as square or rectangular, pentagon, for example pentagram, hexagon, octagon. The group may have a circular, oval, crescent, asterisk, toroid or obround shape.
Said at least one finger may be arranged at a corner of the group, or may be positioned at a different position than at a corner, for example positioned between two adjacent corners.
At least one finger may be more rigid than a deformable portion of the base layer, the deformable portion surrounding said finger.
In one example, each finger may be more rigid than a deformable portion of the base layer, the deformable portion surrounding said finger.
The base layer may comprise a plurality of said deformable portions and a plurality of intermediary portions from which the fingers extend, the deformable portions being more flexible than the intermediary portions.
The base layer, or a base portion of the base layer, may have a substantially planar extension when no pressure is applied to the support structure.
Under pressure applied by or on the body or part of body, deformation of the deformable portion of the base layer may exceed deformation of the finger.
Under pressure applied by or on the body or part of body, a displacement of the deformable portion of the base layer in a direction parallel to the axial direction may exceed a compression of the finger in the axial direction.
Under pressure applied by or on the body or part of body, a displacement of the deformable portion of the base layer in a direction perpendicular to the axial direction may exceed a displacement of a distal end the finger in a direction perpendicular to the axial direction, such that adjacent fingers are separated by a distance. Distal ends of adjacent fingers may be separated by a distance.
The support structure may be moulded in one part, such as being injection-moulded.
The base layer and/or the fingers may be formed of a polymeric material. The base layer and/or the fingers may be formed of a thermoplastic material. The base layer and/or the fingers may be formed of an elastomer, for example a thermoplastic elastomer. The base layer and/or the fingers may be formed of silicone rubber. The polymeric material may be foamed.
In one example, the base layer and/or the fingers may be formed from pulp and fibre materials, and/or plant-based materials. Deflections in the base layer may be provided by slots or perforations which enable elastic deflection.
Combinations of materials are also considered. For example, fingers, raised portions of the base layer, base layer and base portion may be of different materials. A layered structure is also considered, as coatings applied on a base material, for example a metal layer assembled or deposited or electroformed to improve dissipation of heat.
The base layer may comprise an upper layer and a lower layer. A thickness of the upper layer may be different from a thickness of the lower layer. The thickness of the upper layer may be less than the thickness of the lower layer. The upper layer and the lower layer may in one example be co-planar. The upper layer may be adapted to face the body or part of body to be supported. The lower layer may be adapted to face an underlying structure. The lower layer may be foamed. The lower layer may layer may contribute to resisting displacement of the upper layer in a direction parallel to the axis of the fingers. The upper layer may behave as a diaphragm/membrane.
In one example, the second surface of the base layer may be provided with a plurality of fingers, for example fingers of the above described type. The second surface of the base layer of a first support structure of the above described type may be adapted to face a second support structure of the above described type. Fingers of the first support structure may interlockingly engage with spaces between fingers of the second support structure. Fingers of the second support structure may have a corresponding shape and configuration as fingers of the first support structure.
The support structure may be, or form part of, a mattress. In one example, the support structure is arranged on conventional mattress, such as foam mattress.
The support structure may be, or form part of, a pillow or cushion.
The support structure may be, or form part of, a pad or cushion system intended to support a person in a certain position.
The support layer may be part of a matrass cover or cushion cover.
The support structure may be, or form part of, a dressing.
According to a seventh aspect of the disclosure, a support structure for supporting and/or contacting a body or a part of a body is provided. The support structure comprises
The seventh aspect of the disclosure may be combined with any of the above described aspects.
The fingers at the edge may have a different shape than the fingers at the centre portion of the support structure.
A surface of the distal ends of the fingers along the edge may have an elongated shape, for example having an extension transverse to the edge.
Fingers having a larger distal end area may be arranged along two opposite edges of the support structure. Fingers having a larger distal end area may be arranged along the perimeter of the support structure
At least one finger may be more rigid than a deformable portion of the base layer, the deformable portion surrounding said finger.
In one example, each finger may be more rigid than a deformable portion of the base layer, the deformable portion surrounding said finger.
The base layer may comprise a plurality of said deformable portions and a plurality of intermediary portions from which the fingers extend, the deformable portions being more flexible than the intermediary portions.
The support structure may be moulded in one part, such as being injection-moulded.
The base layer and/or the fingers may be formed of a polymeric material. The base layer and/or the fingers may be formed of a thermoplastic material. The base layer and/or the fingers may be formed of an elastomer, for example a thermoplastic elastomer. The base layer and/or the fingers may be formed of silicone rubber. The polymeric material may be foamed.
In one example, the base layer and/or the fingers may be formed from pulp and fibre materials, and/or plant-based materials. Deflections in the base layer may be provided by slots or perforations which enable elastic deflection.
Combinations of materials are also considered. For example, fingers, raised portions of the base layer, base layer and base portion may be of different materials. A layered structure is also considered, as coatings applied on a base material, for example a metal layer assembled or deposited or electroformed to improve dissipation of heat.
The base layer may comprise an upper layer and a lower layer. A thickness of the upper layer may be different from a thickness of the lower layer. The thickness of the upper layer may be less than the thickness of the lower layer. The upper layer and the lower layer may in one example be co-planar. The upper layer may be adapted to face the body or part of body to be supported. The lower layer may be adapted to face an underlying structure. The lower layer may be foamed. The lower layer may layer may contribute to resisting displacement of the upper layer in a direction parallel to the axis of the fingers. The upper layer may behave as a diaphragm/membrane.
In one example, the second surface of the base layer may be provided with a plurality of fingers, for example fingers of the above described type. The second surface of the base layer of a first support structure of the above described type may be adapted to face a second support structure of the above described type. Fingers of the first support structure may interlockingly engage with spaces between fingers of the second support structure. Fingers of the second support structure may have a corresponding shape and configuration as fingers of the first support structure.
The support structure may be, or form part of, a mattress. In one example, the support structure is arranged on conventional mattress, such as foam mattress.
The support structure may be, or form part of, a pillow or cushion.
The support structure may be, or form part of, a pad or cushion system intended to support a person in a certain position.
The support layer may be part of a matrass cover or cushion cover.
The support structure may be, or form part of, a dressing.
According to an eight aspect of the disclosure, a support structure for supporting and/or contacting a body or a part of a body is provided. The support structure comprises
Such an adjacent device may be a foamed element, a frame element, a structural element, a cushioning element, a cover system, etc. Such an adjacent device may be a part of, or form part of, an adjacent support structure. The adjacent support structure may be of a type disclosed with reference to any of the aspects.
The first support structure and/or the adjacent support structure may be of any one of the aspects of the disclosure above.
At least one finger may be more rigid than a deformable portion of the base layer, the deformable portion surrounding said finger.
In one example, each finger may be more rigid than a deformable portion of the base layer, the deformable portion surrounding said finger.
The base layer may comprise a plurality of said deformable portions and a plurality of intermediary portions from which the fingers extend, the deformable portions being more flexible than the intermediary portions.
The support structure may be moulded in one part, such as being injection-moulded.
The base layer and/or the fingers may be formed of a polymeric material. The base layer and/or the fingers may be formed of a thermoplastic material. The base layer and/or the fingers may be formed of an elastomer, for example a thermoplastic elastomer. The base layer and/or the fingers may be formed of silicone rubber. The polymeric material may be foamed.
In one example, the base layer and/or the fingers may be formed from pulp and fibre materials, and/or plant-based materials. Deflections in the base layer may be provided by slots or perforations which enable elastic deflection.
Combinations of materials are also considered. For example, fingers, raised portions of the base layer, base layer and base portion may be of different materials. A layered structure is also considered, as coatings applied on a base material, for example a metal layer assembled or deposited or electroformed to improve dissipation of heat.
The base layer may comprise an upper layer and a lower layer. A thickness of the upper layer may be different from a thickness of the lower layer. The thickness of the upper layer may be less than the thickness of the lower layer. The upper layer and the lower layer may in one example be co-planar. The upper layer may be adapted to face the body or part of body to be supported. The lower layer may be adapted to face an underlying structure. The lower layer may be foamed. The lower layer may layer may contribute to resisting displacement of the upper layer in a direction parallel to the axis of the fingers. The upper layer may behave as a diaphragm/membrane.
In one example, the second surface of the base layer may be provided with a plurality of fingers, for example fingers of the above described type. The second surface of the base layer of a first support structure of the above described type may be adapted to face a second support structure of the above described type. Fingers of the first support structure may interlockingly engage with spaces between fingers of the second support structure. Fingers of the second support structure may have a corresponding shape and configuration as fingers of the first support structure.
The support structure system may be, or form part of, a mattress. In one example, the support structure system is arranged on conventional mattress, such as foam mattress.
The support structure system may be, or form part of, a pillow or cushion.
The support layer may be part of a matrass cover or cushion cover.
The support structure system may be, or form part of, a pad or cushion system intended to support a person in a certain position.
In one aspect of the disclosure, a support structure for supporting and/or contacting a body or a part of a body is provided. The support structure comprises a base layer having a first surface configured to face said body or part of body and a second surface opposite the first surface. The support structure comprises at least one first portion and at least one second portion. In said at least one first portion, a first type of fingers extend from the base layer, and in said at least one second portion comprises a second type of fingers extend from the base layer, the first type being different from the second type.
The first type of fingers or projections may be different from the second type of fingers in size, shape, structure, design, material, hardness, and/or rigidity.
In this aspect, the fingers are configured to support different parts of a body.
The first type of fingers may be any one of the fingers described above. The second type of fingers may any one of the fingers described above, although being different from the first type.
In one example, an extension of the finger of the second type in a plane being parallel to the base layer may exceed a height of the finger of the second type.
In one example, an extension of the finger of the second type in a direction being substantially parallel to an extension the base layer may be less than a height of the finger of the second type in a direction substantially perpendicular to the extension of the base layer.
In one example, a height of the finger of the first type in a direction being substantially perpendicular to an extension the base layer may exceed an extension of the finger of the first type in a direction substantially parallel to the extension of the base layer.
A surface area of a top surface of the finger of the second type may exceed a surface area of a top surface of the finger of the first type. The top surface may be intended to contact a body, or part of body.
The fingers of the second type may be configured to support a part of a body being more sensitive to high pressure.
The fingers of the second type may be hollow. The fingers of the first type may be solid.
The fingers of the second type may be more flexible compared to the fingers of the first type.
In one aspect of the disclosure, a support structure is provided. The skin structure may be configured for contacting skin, directly or indirectly. A support structure comprises a base layer having a first surface and a second surface, opposite the first surface, a plurality of fingers extending from the first surface of the base layer, wherein each finger has a distal end configured to form a skin contacting surface, wherein the base layer, as seen in cross section, has an undulating shape having undulations, wherein each finger extends from a crest portion of an undulation of the base layer.
In this aspect of the disclosure, the support structure may be, or may form part of, a dressing.
The undulating shape may be sine wave shaped.
The base layer may be provided with at least one opening, wherein said at least opening extends between the first surface and the second surface of the base layer at a trough portion of the undulation of the base layer.
At least the distal ends of the fingers may be adhesive.
The fingers may extend from the base layer in a direction substantially perpendicular to the base layer.
The fingers may be more rigid than the crest portion of the undulations of the base layer.
The base layer may be flexible in a direction substantially parallel to the extension of the fingers.
The base layer may be flexible in a direction substantially perpendicular to the extension of the fingers.
When pressure is applied on the fingers, the fingers may be configured to deflect in a direction substantially perpendicular to an axial direction of the fingers.
When pressure is applied on the fingers, deflection of the crest portion of the undulation of the base layer may exceed deflection of the finger, in a direction substantially parallel to the axial direction of the fingers.
When pressure is applied on the fingers, a displacement of the crest portion of the undulation of the base layer in a direction substantially parallel to the axial direction of the fingers may exceed compression of the finger in the axial direction.
When pressure is applied on the fingers, a displacement of the crest portion of the undulation of the base layer in a direction substantially perpendicular to the axial direction of the fingers may exceed a displacement of the distal end of the finger in a direction substantially perpendicular to the axial direction.
A material forming at least a part of support structure may be silicone.
In one aspect of the disclosure, a support arrangement is provided. The support arrangement comprises a core layer, a first support structure being arranged on the substrate, and a cover is arranged above the support structure.
The first support structure may be or comprise the support structure according to any of the aspects above.
The support arrangement may be, form part of or intend to form part of, a mattress, a pillow, a seat, and/or a cushioning, such as a seat cushioning.
A second support structure may be arranged above the first support layer. The second support structure may extend partially over the first support layer. The second support structure may partially cover the second support layer. The extension of the second support structure may be adapted to the shape of the body, or part of body.
The second support structure may be formed of a polymeric material, such as a thermoplastic material. The polymeric material may be an elastomer, for example a thermoplastic elastomer. The polymeric material may be formed of silicone rubber.
The second support structure may have a different design than the first support structure.
In one example, the second support structure is free from fingers of type provided on the first support structure. The second support structure may comprise protuberances.
In one example, the second support structure may comprise a plurality of protuberances facing the fingers of the first surface structure. The protuberances may extend from a base layer of the second support structure. The protuberances of the second support structure may be different from the fingers of the first support structure in term of shape, extension, material, etc. The second support structure may be positioned at position intended to support at part of a body resulting in larger pressure, such as heels and head.
The second support structure may be attached to a surface of the cover intended to face the first support structure.
The core layer may be a foamed substrate, such as a cold foamed substrate. The foamed material may be polyurethane. In other examples, the core may comprise a mattress base layer.
The cover may enclose the support structure and the core layer. The cover may be water resistant. The cover may be permeable. The cover may be bacteriostatic and/or fungistatic. The cover may be a sheet. The cover may be textile layer. The cover may form a protective layer.
An intermediate layer may be arranged between the core and the first support structure. The intermediate layer be made of a thermoplastic material, an elastomer and/or rubber. The intermediate layer may reduce heat conduction between the support structure and the core. The intermediate layer may prevent fluids from entering into the core layer.
The cover may be provided with sensors. The sensors may be arranged in a surface of the cover intended to face the first support structure. The sensors may be attached to the cover, or may be arranged between the cover and the first support structure. The sensors may be of the type described below.
The support structure described above with references to the aspects of the disclosure can be provided with a variety of sensors. The sensors may be thermal sensors, light sources such as diodes, ultrasound or doppler sources; pressure sensors; vibration sensors, humidity or moisture sensors, sensors providing data on electrical properties such as tissue impedance, conductivity, resistance; mechanical stress, strain, displacement sensors, MEMs, micro sensors, or sensors comprised of nano-materials. The sensors can be arranged in the base layer and/or in fingers and/or raised portions. The sensor can detect data from the body or part of body, or from the support structure itself. Sensors may provide data on the function of the support structure, indicating mechanical properties such as deflection, displacement, relative positions, duty and cleaning cycles, cleaning and service intervals, wear, remaining service life, etc. Sensors may be included to monitor or provide data on conditions of the body or part of body, such as micro-circulation in the tissues supported by the support structure, moisture, shear, fluid accumulations, temperature, air flow, circulation, and patient positioning. Data from sensors may provide information relating to the condition of the body or part of body. Sensors may be arranged at multiple locations. Sensors, software, and digital hardware-based UI/UX may be integrated in matrass system, such as in the first surface or second surface of the base layer, in the fingers, in matrass cover and/or in a separate digital device providing data readout, alarms, reminders, patient and/or support system information.
All aspects of the disclosure described above may be combined. All examples described in relation to the aspects above may be combined with any other aspect.
The reference to a body or a part of a body above is understood to include a human body and an animal body.
The aspects described above may also be intended to support any type of physical object, in additional to a human body, animal body, or part of human body or animal body. The disclosure above when referring load from body, or part of body, is applicable also for load from any type of object.
The support structure according to any of the aspects disclosed above may be included in, among other, positioning systems, furniture, transport applications, industrial applications, safety equipment, clothing, footwear.
In any of the above aspects, a sub-layer, for example a foamed sub-layer, a gel sub-layer, an air sub-layer, a fluid sub-layer, may be provided on or attached to the second surface of the base layer and thereby may be included in the support structure. Such a sub-layer may form a synergistic part of the loading, support, and/or pressure distribution system.
In all aspects, when used on a dry surface, such as included in, forming, or forming part of, a mattress, pillow, cushion, a sub-layer is arranged on the second surface of the base layer. In such examples, the support structure may comprise the sub-layer arranged on the second surface of the base layer. In such examples, the support structure is intended to be positioned on a surface of an object. The sub-layer may be a foamed layer such as a foamed mattress. The thickness and/or density of the foamed layer such as foamed mattress may differ depending on the intended use and be adapted to the intended use.
In all aspects, when used in humid or wet environment, the second surface of the base layer may be intended to directly face an object, for example when placed in a shower. When used as a dressing, the second surface of the base layer may be intended to face away for the skin. In such examples, no sub-layer or backing layer may be intended to be attached to the second surface of the base layer. In such examples, the thickness and/or density of the base layer may vary depending on the intended use of the support structure. The base layer of a support structure intended to be used as a dressing may be thicker than a base layer of a support structure intended to be used together with a sub-layer, such as a foamed mattress.
In any of the above aspects, a backing layer may be provided on or attached to the second surface of the base layer. The backing layer may be soft, deformable and/or resilient. The backing layer may be attached or may be integral to the base layer. The backing layer may be co-moulded with the base layer, for example a foamed co-moulded layer. Products including a backing may, for example, be a shower stool or arm rest, a formed dressing or guard such as a heel guard. The backing layer may have load and/or shock distribution or absorption features.
In any of the above aspects, the second surface of the base layer may be provided with anti-slip protuberances. The protuberances are configured to increase friction with an underlying surface such as mattress, pillow, or cushion.
In any of the above aspects, the support structure may be included in a frame, or may be included in a cover.
The support structure according to any of the aspects described above may be used in, forming part of, and/or be included in:
Common for at least examples of all aspects of the disclosure is that shear may be at least reduced on the skin, body part or body. Shear may at least be reduced by the fingers following the skin or body part movement, for example by deflecting or deforming of the fingers and/or the deformable portions. Movements by the fingers on the surface of the skin or body part may at least be reduced. The support structure according to at least examples of the aspect above at least partly absorbs the shear forces that otherwise would have been absorbed by the skin or body part.
The present disclosure will by way of example be described in more detail with reference to the appended schematic drawings, which show embodiments of the present disclosure.
A support structure 1 will be described with reference to the appended drawings. The support structure 1 is adapted to support and/or contact a body or part of body. The body may be a human body or an animal body. The support structure 1 may also be intended to support any type of object.
The support structure 1 may be intended to contact skin and other tissues. Contact may be direct, or indirectly with an intervening layer, such as foil, film, sheet, etc., positioned between the support structure 1 and the tissue.
The support structure 1 may have various shapes. The shape and size of the support structure 1 is adapted to the intended use of the support structure 1, such as being adapted to the size of the part of the body to be supported or be in contact with. The support structure 1 may be included in a structural element, or may form of a structural element. The support structure 1 may form an integral part of the structural element, or may be positioned and/or attached to the structural element. As an example, the support structure 1 may be arranged on a seat of a wheelchair, or may be an integral part of the seat of the wheelchair.
The support structure 1 may be used in conjunction with, form part of, or be included in, among other medical devices, assistive device, vehicles, furniture, seats, clothing and footwear, safety equipment, transportation devices, lifting devices, positioning devices, bed systems, and bedding. Examples of assistive devices may be canes, crutches, walkers, wheelchairs, and shower chairs. Example of medical devices may be dressings or plasters. Examples of bed systems and beddings may be mattresses, mattress covers, pillow, pillow covers, cushions, pillow cushions. Examples of use in vehicles may be in seats, seat structure, seat supports, and/or seat coverings. The support structure 1 may be used as a cushioning of the above listed devices, or part of devices.
The support structure 1, or parts of the support structure 1, may be formed of a polymeric material, such as a thermoplastic material. The polymeric material may be an elastomer, for example a thermoplastic elastomer. The polymeric material may be formed of silicone rubber. The polymeric material may be foamed. In other examples, the support structure 1, or parts of the support structure 1, may be formed from pulp and fibre materials, and/or plant-based materials. The support structure 1, or parts of the support structure 1 may be formed of metal. Combinations of materials are also considered, such as different material for different parts of the support structure 1, or a layered structure, for examples as coatings applied on a base material, for example a metal layer assembled or deposited or electroformed to improve dissipation of heat.
The support structure 1 may be moulded in one part, such as being injection moulded. The support structure 1 may be formed as part attached to each other.
Material properties may vary depending on the intended use. One example of a material property chosen depending to the intended use is hardness. If the support structure 1 is intended to form, or part of, a mattress, a harder material is chosen compared when the intended use of the support structure 1 is in a dressing.
The support structure 1 is based on a principle of at least reducing one or more of the following: shear on tissue and/or skin supported or contacted by the support structure 1, pressure on tissue and/or skin supported or contacted by the support structure 1, contact surface between the tissue and/or skin supported or contacted by the support structure 1 and parts of the support structure 1.
A portion of the base layer 10 positioned below and/or surrounding the fingers 2 forms a deformable portion 10b of the base layer 10. Portions of the base layer 2 positioned adjacent the deformable portion 10b forms a base portion 10a of the base layer 10. The base portion 10a may extend between adjacent deformable portions 10b.
An upper surface of the base portion 10a may be substantially co-planar with a lower surface of the base portion 10a.
An upper surface of the deformable portion 10b may be substantially co-planar with a lower surface of the deformable portion 10b.
The base layer 2 may in one example be provided with at least one opening 13. The opening 13 may extend between the first surface 11 and the second surface 12. Air and fluids may pass through the opening 13.
In the example shown in the drawings, the base layer 10 is formed of a single layer. In other examples, the base layer 10 may be formed of more than one layer.
The fingers 2 may have a substantially circular cross-section. Other shapes are also considered, such as any polygon. The fingers 2 may have a conical shape. The fingers 2 may be solid. In another example, the fingers 2 may be hollow or tubular.
The fingers 2 may be arranged with an equal distance between adjacent fingers 2. As an alternative, the fingers 2 may be arranged with different distances between each other. The fingers 2 may be positioned in a random pattern. Two or more fingers 2 may be arranged in a group with an equal distance between fingers 2 in the same group, but with a different distance to fingers 2 belonging to a different group. The distance to fingers 2 forming a different group, such as a second group, may be exceeding the distance between fingers belonging to the same group. Such groups of fingers 2 will be described with reference to
The fingers 2 have distal end 21 configured to support or contact the body, party of body, or object. The distal end 21 is arranged at a distance from the first surface 11. The distal end 21 of the fingers 2 may have a half-spherical shape, as seen in the cross-section in
The distal ends 21 may be configured to directly support the body, part of body or object, or an intervening layer such as a sheet may be positioned between the support structure 1 and the user of the support structure 1. The intervening layer may be a protective layer 150 as shown in
At least the distal ends 21 of the fingers 2 may be adhesive. At least a portion of the fingers 2 may be adhesive.
In one example, the protective layer 150 forms an intervening layer configured to be position between the body or part of body and the fingers 2. The protective layer 150 may be porous. The protective layer 150 may be adhesive. A surface of the protective layer 150 configured to face the skin, body part or body may be adhesive. A surface of the protective layer 150 configured to face the fingers 2 may be adhesive.
The fingers 2 and/or the base layer 10 may be formed of a polymeric material. The fingers 2 and/or the base layer 10 may be formed of a thermoplastic material. The fingers 2 and/or the base layer 10 may be formed of an elastomer, for example a thermoplastic elastomer. The fingers 2 and/or the base layer 10 may be formed of silicone rubber. The polymeric material may be foamed.
In one example, the fingers 2 and/or the base layer 10 may be formed from pulp and fibre materials, and/or plant-based materials. Deflection members in the base layer 10 may be provided by slots or perforations which enable elastic deflection.
Combinations of materials are also considered. For example, fingers 2, deformable portions 10b of the base layer 10, the base layer 10 and base portion 10a may be of different materials. A layered structure is also considered, as coatings applied on a base material, for example a metal layer assembled or deposited or electroformed to improve dissipation of heat.
The material forming the fingers 2 may have a Shore value measured in the 000 scale. In one example, the material forming the fingers 2 may have a Shore value measured in the 00 scale. In one example, the material forming the fingers 2 may have a Shore value measured in the 0 scale. In one example, the material forming the fingers 2 may have a Shore value measured in the A scale. In one example, the material forming the fingers 2 may have a Shore value measured in the D scale.
In one example, the material forming the fingers 2 may have a Shore value exceeding 25-000 (000 Shore scale). In one example, the material forming the fingers 2 may have a Shore value in the range of 25-000 to 80-00. In one example, the material forming the fingers 2 may have a Shore value exceeding 30-D (D Shore scale). In one example, the material forming the fingers 2 may have a Shore value in the range of 30-D to 100-D. In one example, the material forming the fingers 2 may have a Shore value in the range of 10-A to 50-A.
The fingers 2 are more rigid than the deformable portion 10b of the base layer 10. The fingers 2 are stiffer than the deformable portion 10b of the base layer 10.
By being more rigid is understood to mean that if a certain defined force is applied to the finger 2 and to the deformable portion 10b of the base layer 10, respectively, a displacement of the deformable portion 10b of the base layer 10 exceeds a displacement of the finger 2 in a direction substantially parallel to the axial direction of the finger 2.
Thereby, a Shore value of the material forming the deformable portion 10b is less than the Shore value of the material forming fingers.
In one example, fingers 2 are reinforced while the deformable portion 10b is not reinforced.
A thickness of the base layer 10 may depend on the intended use of the support structure. The thickness may be defined as the distance between the first surface 11 and the second surface 12, in a direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the fingers 2. In one example, when the support structure is intended to form or be included in a mattress, the thickness of the base layer 10 may be between 1-20 mm such as less than 10 mm, for example 1-3 mm. In one example, when the support structure is intended to form or be included in a dressing, the thickness of the base layer 10 may be between 0.01-1 mm such as less than 0.05 mm. Similarly, when the support structure is intended to be attached or positioned on a sub-layer, the thickness of the base layer 10 may be between 0.01-1 mm such as less than 0.05 mm.
A thickness of the deformable portion 10b and/or the base portion 10a may be measured similarly to the thickness of the base layer 10.
A thickness of the deformable portion 10b may correspond to the thickness of the base layer 2, and/or to the thickness of the base portion 10a. In such an example, the base layer 2 has a uniform thickness. In other examples, the deformable portions 10b may have a thickness being less than the thickness of the base layer 10, and/or less than a thickness of the base portion 10a.
As seen in
The fingers 2 have a length L. In the example shown in
The length L of the fingers 2 may be configured to correspond to the desired total thickness of the support structure 1, i.e., length L of fingers 2, thickness of the base layer 2 and optional sub-layer, such that a finger 2 on a matrass construction may be optimally long while in an application requiring thinness, a relatively shorter finger may be adequately functional.
A ratio between the distance D1 between adjacent fingers in the unloaded or unsupported state to the length L of a finger may be at least 1:2. In one example, the ratio may be in the range of 1:2 to 1:10. In one example, the ratio may be less than 1:20.
A ratio between a thickness of the deformable portion 10b of the base layer 2 to a length L of the finger 2 may be at least 1:2 such as at least 1:3, such that in the range of 1:2 to 1:10. In one example, a ratio between a thickness of the deformable portion 10b of the base layer 10 to a length L of the finger 2 may be at least 1:2 such as in the range 1:2 to 1:10, for example for a material having a Shore value in the A scale. In one example, a ratio between a thickness of the deformable portion 10b of the base layer 10 to a length L of the finger 2 may be at least 1:1 such as in the range 1:2 to 1:8, for example for a material having a Shore value in the 00 or 000 scale. In one example, a ratio between a thickness of the deformable portion 10b of the base layer 10 to a length L of the finger may be at least 2:1, such that in the range of 2:1 to 10:1.
In an example wherein the base layer 10 is relatively thick, such as having a thickness exceeding 20 mm, for example a mattress, the ratio may be 1:1. In an example wherein the base layer 10 is relatively thin, such as being a thin film having a thickness of 0.05 mm, a ratio may be 1:100. In one example, the ratio between a thickness of the deformable portion 10b of the base layer 2 to a length L of the finger 2 may be in the range of 15:100.
The distal end 21 of the fingers 2 may have a surface area of at least 3 mm2. In one example, a surface of the distal end 21 of the fingers 2 may have a surface area of at least 5 mm2, for example between 10-20 mm2.
If the fingers 2 have a substantially circular cross-section, a diameter of the finger 2 at the distal end 21 may be 2.5-15 mm such as 4-5 mm. In another example, for example when used as or included in a dressing, the diameter of the fingers 2 at the distal end 21 may be 1-5 mm such as 2-3 mm.
If the fingers 2 have a cross-section at the distal end 21 having a different shape than circular, the fingers 2 may have an extension of 2.5-15 mm perpendicular to the axial direction at the distal end 21. In another example, for example when used as or included in a dressing, in a cross-sectional extension of the fingers 2 perpendicular to the axial direction, the finger 2 may have an extension of 0.1-10 mm such as 0.1-2.5 mm at the distal end.
The fingers 2 may taper towards the distal end 21 such that a diameter at the base of the finger 2 is exceeding the diameter at the distal end 21. The taper angle may be 0-7°. The resulting base area affects the available area of deformable portion 10b. A greater taper angle and resulting greater finger base area results in less interstitial area of the raised portion. This will result in a thinner deformable portion 10b to allow for the same amount of relative flexure between fingers 2.
A ratio between the diameter of the distal end 21 of the fingers 2, or effective diameter in the case of a non-circular finger 2, to the distance D1 between adjacent fingers 2 may be at least 1:1 such as at least 1:2 such as 1:3. Said ratio may be less than 1:5 in a support surface requiring less acute bending of fingers 2. Increasing the distance D1 between adjacent fingers in view of the diameter of the fingers improves air flow through the support surface. The distance D1 between adjacent fingers may be measured when no pressure is applied.
In a thin support structure, such as being intended to form or form part of a ratio, a ratio of 2:1 between diameter of distal end 21 of the fingers 2 to the distance D between adjacent fingers 2, for example as a diameter of 6 mm and a finger distance of 3 mm. The distance D1 between adjacent fingers may be measured when no pressure is applied.
A total area of the surface areas of the distal ends 21 of the fingers 2 may be less than 50% of an area of the support structure 1. The area of the support structure 1 is defined by the area formed by the outer boundaries of the support structure 1, as visible in
In addition to the air passage between the fingers 2, air may circulate through the base layer 10 in the openings 13. Thereby, air is allowed to circulate in a direction parallel to the base layer 10, and in an axial direction, through the base layer 10.
The support structure 1 will now be described in a state wherein pressure is applied on the support structure with reference to
The support structure 1 may be of the type disclosed above with reference to
Pressure may be applied by a load applied by a body, part of body, or object, on the distal ends 21 of the fingers 2. One such example is a person sitting on a chair provided with the support structure 1. Another example is a person laying on the support structure 1, or laying on a mattress provided with the support structure 1.
Pressure may also be applied on the support structure 1, such as a force applied on the second surface 12 of the base layer 10. In an example wherein the support structure 1 forms or forms part of a dressing, the pressure may be applied on the second surface 12 of the base layer 10, either directly or by an underlying layer, such that the fingers 2 acts on the body, or part of body, with a force. In the example with a dressing, a force may also be applied by the body or part of body, if the dressing is position on the body such as that the weight of the body or part of body is applied on the support structure 1.
In
When pressure is applied the base layer 10 deforms more than the fingers. Especially, the deformable portion 10b deforms more than the finger 2 extending from the deformable portion 10b.
The fingers 2 may be more rigid than the deformable portion 10b, such as deformation of the deformable portion exceeds deformation, bending and/or compression of the finger 2. The deformable portion 10b of the base layer 10 may flex, or may deflect, more than the finger 2. The deformable portion 10b may be elastically deformed when pressure is applied.
The fingers 2 may also deflect in a direction perpendicular to the axial direction fingers 2 when pressure is applied to the fingers, which principle is shown in
The base layer 10 may comprise intermediary portions 15 from which the fingers 2 extend. The deformable portions 10b may be more flexible than the intermediary portions 15. The intermediary portion may be in form of a radius extending between the first surface 11 of the base layer 10 and the finger 2. The intermediary portion 15 may restrict bending of the finger 2, such that adjacent fingers 2 do not contact each other when pressure being applied.
The intermediate portions 15 may be in form of a projection, as will be described below with reference to
As seen in
Under pressure applied, deformation of the deformable portion 10b may exceed deformation of the finger 2. Deformation of the deformable portion 10b in the axial direction may exceed deformation of the finger 2 in the axial direction.
Deformation of the finger 2 in the axial direction may in one example be compression of the finger 2 in the axial direction, such that deformation of the deformable portion 10b in the axial direction exceeds compression of the finger 2 in the axial direction.
Deformation may be a deflection, such as deflection of the deformable portion 10b may exceed deflection of the finger 2.
Under pressure applied, the deformable portion 10b may be displaced in a direction parallel to the axial direction, and/or be displaced perpendicular to the axial direction.
Under pressure applied, displacement of the deformable portion 10b in a direction perpendicular to the axial direction, which may be a radial direction, may exceed a displacement of a distal end of the finger in a direction perpendicular to the axial direction, such that a distance D2 between adjacent fingers is provided, for example in form of a gap between distal ends 21 of adjacent fingers 2.
By maintaining a distance D2 between adjacent fingers 2 such that a gap is formed, the fingers 2 do not contact each other when pressure is applied. As shown in
By choosing correct ratio of finger length, finger diameter, distance between adjacent fingers 2, thickness of the base layer etc., adjacent fingers 2, and/or distal ends 21 of adjacent fingers 2, may be separated by a distance D2 even when pressure is applied. Such ratios are described above with references to
In one example, the distance D2 between adjacent fingers 2 when pressure is applied may substantially correspond to the distance D1 between adjacent fingers 2 when no pressure is applied. One such example is when no deflection, or substantially no deflection, of the fingers 2 occurs when pressures is applied.
In one example, the distance D2 between adjacent fingers 2 when pressure is applied may be less than the distance D1 between adjacent fingers 2 when no pressure is applied.
In one example, when pressure from a body or body part is applied on the support structure, the distance D2 between adjacent fingers 2 may be 0.5-30 mm, such as 1-15 mm. In another example, when pressure from a body or body part is applied on the support structure, a distance D2 adjacent fingers 2 may be 0.1-10 mm, such as 0.5-5 mm for example when used as or included in a dressing.
As mentioned above, deformation of the deformable portion 10b in view of the fingers 2 obtained by the finger 2 being more rigid than the deformable portion 10b. Controlling the deformation of the deformable portion 10b in view of the fingers 2 may be obtained by different material properties, adding reinforcement, and/or by the design of the deformable portion 10b in view of the finger 2. By having solid fingers 2 and a comparable thin deformable portion 10b, the same material may be used for both portions. As alterative or complement, materials with different Shore values may be chosen. Further, deflections in the base layer 10 may be provided by slots or perforations in the deformable portion 10b which enable elastic deflection, which is described in more details with reference to
By transferring forces from the fingers 2 to the deformable portion 10b, it has been shown that shear on the skin can be at least reduced. Shear may occur by friction acting on the skin. When a person is sitting or lying on a surface, tissue under the skin may be brought into movement by gravity, but the skin itself is not moving due to friction acting on the skin from the underlying structure onto which the person is sitting or lying. This may cause damages on the skin, resulting in wounds which may be difficult to heal. By the reduced bending of the fingers 2 and/or facilitating deflection of the fingers 2, shear forces on skin supported by the distal ends 21 of the fingers 2 can be reduced. As an example, the skin may move together with the underlying tissue when being supported by the bendable fingers 2. Thereby, pressure ulcers, decubitus, bed sores, can be prevented or at least reduced. Further, the reduced bending of the fingers 2 may result in a consistent pressure on the body, or part of body, being supported. The distribution of fingers 2, a total area of the surface area of the distal ends 21 of the fingers 2 in view of the total area of the support structure 1, may result in reduced contact surface with the tissue being in contact with the support structure 1. Further, improved blood circulation may be obtained with the support structure 1. The displacement of the deformable portions 10b may result in an improved positioning of the support structure 1 and may at least reduce the risk of unintentional displacement of the support structure 1.
In the example in
In the base layer 10, the raised portions 30, forming the deformable portions 10b, extend between the base portion 10a of the base layer 10. When pressure is applied to or on the support structure 1, the raised portions 30 have a function and behaviour corresponding to the function and behaviour of the deformable portions 10b.
The raised portions 30, or at least a part of the raised portions 30, may be formed to increase and/or facilitate deflection of the raised portion 30 when pressure is applied. Another part of the raised portion 30 may be formed to stabilise the finger 2 such that bending of the finger 2 is reduced or prevented.
In the example shown in
The shape of the raised portions 30, and/or the positioning of a raised portion 30 vis-à-vis another raised portion 30 may be designed to improve and/or control the air flow between the fingers 2 and the raised portions 30, for example in a direction parallel to the extension of the base layer 10.
The raised portion 30 has an upper surface and a lower surface. The upper surface and the lower surface may be substantially coplanar. A thickness of the raised portion 30 may be between 1-20 mm such as less than 10 mm. In one example, when the support structure is intended to form or be included in a dressing, the thickness of the raised portion 30 may be between 0.01-1 mm such as less than 0.05 mm. Similarly, when the support structure is intended to be attached or positioned on a sub-layer, the thickness of the raised portion 30 may be between 0.01-1 mm such as less than 0.05 mm.
A height of the raised portion 30, as measured in the axial direction from the base portion 10a to the top of the raised portion 30, may be 1-50 mm such as 1-20 mm. In one example, height may be less than 10 mm, for example 1-5 mm. In another example, the height may be 0.05-3 mm.
In one example, the base layer 10 has a thickens of about 1.6 mm and the height of the raised portion 30 may be about 3.5 mm.
A ratio between the thickness of the base layer 10 and the height of raised portion 30 may be in the range of 1:1 to 1:4. In the upper limit of the range, the portion 30 may have a function of a distancing arm, which will be described with reference to
In the example shown in
Further, as visible in the side view on
As seen in the perspective view from below in
The cavity 14 may be formed such that a finger 2 of another support structure 1 may be received in the cavity 14. Thereby, support structures 1 may be stacked on each other and interlocked to co-join support structures by fingers 2 being received in the cavity 14.
The example shown in
The raised portion 30 may have different shapes and include a different number of fingers 2, which will be shown with reference to
The raised portions 30 of the support structure 1 shown in
The support structure 1 shown in
Between the raised portions 30, the base portion 10a of the base layer 2 extends.
A distance between the raised portions 30 may vary.
An example of a raised portion 10 of the support structure 1 is shown in
An opening 31 is arranged in the raised portion 30.
In the examples discussed with reference to
In the examples shown in
In one example, the openings 31 may form a second set of openings 31, wherein the openings 13 in the base portion 10a may form a first set of openings 13.
By having openings or apertures 13, 31 at different levels, fluids may pass through the opening 13 in the base portion 10a, and air may still flow through the opening or aperture 31 in the raised portion 30.
In the example shown in
In the example shown in
An opening or aperture 13 is provided in the base portion 10a extending between the fingers 2. An additional opening or aperture 31 is provided in at least one of the side surfaces of the three-legged member forming the finger 3.
The opening 31 of the three-legged member is positioned at a distance from the opening 13 in the base portion 10a.
The support structure 1 in the examples shown in
The fingers 2 of the example of the support structure 2 shown in
The fingers 2 may be provided with at least one opening 35 at its upper surface. The upper surface is intended to support and/or contact a body, or a part of a body.
The fingers 2 may comprise a base portion 36 and an upper portion 37, extending from the base portion 36. The upper portion 37 may form the support surface of the finger 2. The base portion 36 may be in form of a finger base projection 36a extending from the upper surface 11 of the base layer 10.
The fingers 2 may be more rigid than the deformable portion 10b surrounding the fingers 2, as discussed above.
In the examples shown in
In one example, the finger base projection 36a disclosed in
The deformable portions 10b of the base layer may be more flexible than the intermediate portions 15 formed by the finger base projection 36a.
In an alternative example, the finger base projection 36a disclosed in
In one example, the finger base projection 36a disclosed in
In the examples shown in
In the examples shown in
The different types of fingers 2′, 2″ may be adapted to different parts of the body. The fingers 2″ of the second type may be configured to support a part of a body being more sensitive to high pressure.
An extension of the finger 2″ of the second type in a direction being substantially parallel to an extension the base layer 10 may be less than a height of the finger 2″ of the second type in a direction substantially perpendicular to the extension of the base layer 10.
A height of the finger 2′ of the first type in a direction being substantially perpendicular to an extension the base layer 10 may exceed an extension of the finger 2′ of the first type in a direction substantially parallel to the extension of the base layer 10.
A surface area of a top surface of the finger 2″ of the second type may exceed a surface area of a top surface of the finger 2′ of the first type. The top surface may be intended to contact a body, or part of body.
The fingers 2″ of the second type may be hollow. The fingers 2′ of the first type may be solid.
The fingers 2″ of the second type may be more flexible compared to the fingers 2′ of the first type. The fingers 2′ of the first type may be more rigid than to the fingers 2″ of the second type.
In one example, the fingers 2″ of the second type may have a substantially similar rigidity as the fingers 2′ of the first type. For one example, the deflection of the base layer 10 exceeds the deflection of the fingers 2″ as described above with reference to the finger 2. A displacement of the deformable portion 10b of the base layer 10 in a direction parallel to the axial direction exceeds a compression of the finger 2″ of the second type in the axial direction. the fingers 2″ of the second type being more rigid than the deformable portion 10b of the base layer 10, the deformable portion surrounding said finger 2″. Even if the fingers 2″ being less rigid than the fingers 2′ of the first type, the deflection of the base layer 10 may still exceed the deflection of the fingers 2″ of the second type.
In one example, the fingers 2″ of the second type may have a substantially similar rigidity as the fingers 2′ of the first type, but may differ from the fingers 2′ of the first type in any other aspect, such as material, hardness, rigidity, design, height, extension, etc.
The support arrangement 70 comprises a first portion 60 comprising fingers 2′ of a first type. The first portion 60 forms a main surface of the support arrangement 70. The support arrangement 70 further comprises one or more second portions 70 comprising fingers 2″ of a second type.
The portions of the support arrangement 70 may be adjusted to different parts of the body, for example, by adapting the fingers 2, 2′, 2″ of the different portions.
In the example in
In the example shown in
In the example shown in
Any type of cover may be positioned between the support structure 1 and the body, part of body, or object. Such a cover may act as a membrane. Such a membrane may be intended to further reduce friction between the body, part of body, or object, and the support structure 1.
Several support structures 1 may be connected as described above with reference to
The support structure 1 may be formed of a material being washable. If the support structure 1 has been in contact with body fluids, the support structure 1 can be washed and re-used after washing. The support structure 1 can be re-used, while the underlying structure, such as the mattress 210 and pillow 220 is disposed.
The support arrangement 80 comprises at least a core layer 82, a first support structure 1, and a cover 81 at least partially covering support structure 1.
The first support structure 1 may be of any of the examples of the support structure described above with references to
The core layer 82 may be a foamed substrate, such as a cold foamed substrate. The foamed material may be polyurethane. In other examples, the core may comprise a mattress base layer.
The cover 81 may at least partially enclose the support structure 1 and the core layer 82. The cover 81 may be water resistant. The cover 81 may be permeable. The cover 81 may be made of a bacteriostatic and/or fungistatic a material. The cover 81 may be a sheet. The cover 81 may be textile layer.
The cover 81 may form a protective layer of the support arrangement 81. The cover 81 may enclose the support arrangement 81 and form an outermost layer of the arrangement.
Optionally, an intermediate layer 83 may be arranged between an upper surface of the core layer 82 and the lower surface 12 of the base layer 10 of the support structure 1. The intermediate layer 8 may be a prevention mat. The intermediate layer 83 be made of a thermoplastic material, an elastomer and/or rubber. The intermediate layer 83 may reduce heat conductive between the support structure and the core. The intermediate layer 83 may prevent fluids from entering into the core layer.
In one example, a second support structure 84 is arranged above the first support structure 1. The second support structure 84 may partially cover the first support structure 1. The second support structure 84 may partially extend over the first support structure 1 in a plane substantially parallel to the base layer 10 of the first support structure 1.
The cover 81 may enclose the core layer 82, the optional intermediate layer 83, the first support layer 1, the optional second support layer 84.
As seen in more details in
The second support structure 84 may be formed of a polymeric material, such as a thermoplastic material. The polymeric material may be an elastomer, for example a thermoplastic elastomer. The polymeric material may be formed of silicone rubber. The second support structure 84 may be formed by additional layers of fabric, polymers or elastomers added to the cover 81, for example to create a greater pressure area effect over a uniform surface of support fingers and finger dimensions and properties
The cover 81 and/or the second support structure 84 may be produced by several means alone or in combination, for example, by coating of sections of the cover, lamination of materials as an assembly step, co-extrusion of films to form laminations, textile weaving in varied densities, brushing or fleecing of selected areas of the cover surface, production of thin film foams in varied densities, including skinned foam sheets.
The cover 81 and/or the second support structure 84 may formed of polymer or polymerized textiles or fabrics made to achieve the desired porosity, microporosity, breathability, conveyance of gases and fluids (for example humidity, sweat or exchange of air), stretch, load distribution, pressure distribution or hammocking between fingers. Examples of materials having similar functions are shown in Gore-Tex® fabrics, fleeced or brushed spandex fabrics, fleeces and micro-fleece, spun or nano-spun materials, or other woven and or laminated materials designed to convey heat and moisture or, in combination of layers or in a single layer, achieve an effective porosity and breathability. The membrane surfaces may also be designed as hydrophobic as desired to deflect fluids or allow for cleaning with fluids.
The second support structure 84 may have a different design than the first support structure 1.
The second support structure 84 may free from fingers of type provided on the first support structure 1.
In one example, the second support structure 84 may comprise a plurality of protuberances extending from a base layer of the second support structure 84. The protuberances of the second support structure 84 may be different from the fingers of the first support structure 1 in term of shape, extension, material, etc.
The second support structure 84 may further contribute the pressure, and may be configured to be positioned to support parts of a body resulting in comparable higher pressure per surface area, such as heels, head, hands, etc.
The second support structure 84 may be attached to a lower side of the cover 81, intended to face the first support structure 1. The second support structure 84 may be provided in form of rolls. The second support structure 84 may be configured to be cut into suitable shape and size to improve pressure distribution at certain areas of the support arrangement 80. The second support structure 84 may be configured to be positioned at positions wherein improve pressure distribution is desired.
The cover 81 may be provided with sensors. The sensors may be arranged in a surface of the cover 81 intended to face the first support structure 1. The sensors may be attached to the cover 81, or may be arranged between the cover 81 and the support structure 1 and/or second support structure 84. The sensors may be of the type described below.
The second support structure 84 may be provided at positions intended to support parts of the body resulting in a comparable higher pressure per surface area. Such positions may, in an example wherein the support arrangement 80 form, or form part of a mattress, be at a head position, heel position, arm position, etc. The second support structure 84 may further contribute to improve pressure distribution. The second support structure 84 may distribute the pressure from the fingers of the support structure 1.
The support structure 1 in any one of
Data may be transmitted to an external user interface device such as a monitor or mobile device including an interface app.
One example of a sensor may be an RFID chip, for example an ultra-high frequency (UHF) RFID chip, for monitoring support system age, cycles of use, wear, washing cycles and process, function, and effectiveness. This chip may be capable of storing use information and transmitting information to interface devices. The UHF-RFID chip may be attached to or integrated into the support system 1, for example by adhesives, thermal fusion or insert moulding.
Sensors 40 may be integrated into the contact surface in selected positions to measure the various parameters in locations of greatest value for user or device monitoring. Integration of sensors may be achieved by insert moulding or by assembling sensors to the support surface.
Sensors 40 may be of a form that are suitable for integration into a finger 2 of a matrass or of a flatter construction to fit into the base layer 10 of a thinner dressing or be positioned between fingers 2 and relatively parallel to the plane of the base layer 10.
The example of the support structure 100 in
The dressing 100′ may be used as a preventative dressing. The dressing 100′ may be intended for prevention of skin conditions leading to decubitus. The dressing 100′ is configured to be an anti-decubitus dressing. The dressing 100′ may be arranged to protect certain parts of the body, for example parts subjected to high pressure.
The dressing 100′ is intended to contact skin. Contact may be direct, or indirectly with an intervening layer, such as foil, film, sheet, etc., positioned between the dressing 100′ and the skin.
The dressing 100′ may have any shape. The shape of the dressing 100′ may be configured to a part of the body onto which the dressing 100′ is intended to be applied. The shape of the dressing 100′ may be polygon, such as triangular, quadrilateral such as square or rectangular, pentagon, for example pentagram, hexagon, octagon. The shape of the dressing 100′ may be a circular, oval, crescent, asterisk, toroid or obround.
The material of the dressing 100′ may be a polymeric material, such as a thermoplastic material. The polymeric material may be an elastomer, for example a thermoplastic elastomer. The polymeric material may be formed of silicone rubber.
The material may have a Shore value measured in the A scale, such as having a Shore value of 30-A to 60-A.
The material may have a bacteriostatic and/or fungistatic properties.
The dressing 100′ may be moulded in one part, such as being injection moulded. The dressing 100′ may be formed as parts attached to each other.
The dressing 100′ may allow for washing, lavage, or treatment with a liquid or gas of a body surface without removal of the dressing 100′ from the skin.
The support structure 100 in form of the dressing 100′ will now be described in more detail with reference to
The dressing 100′ comprises a base layer 110 having a first surface and a second surface, opposite the first surface. The dressing 100′ further comprises a plurality of fingers 102. The fingers 102 extend from the first surface. The fingers 102 extend in an axial direction. The fingers 102 may extend in axial directions being substantially parallel.
The fingers 102 may have a substantially equal length, as measured from the second surface of the base layer 110. Each finger 102 may have a length of 1-10 mm such as 1-5 mm.
The fingers 102 may be positioned on the base layer 110 with a distance between adjacent fingers 102. The distance may be substantially equal between adjacent fingers 102. A distance between adjacent fingers 102 may be 0.5-10 mm such as 2-5 mm.
The fingers 102 may have a circular cross-section. Other shapes are also considered, such as any polygon. The fingers 102 may have a conical shape. The fingers 102 may be solid. In another examples, the fingers 102 may be hollow or tubular.
The base layer 110 has an undulating shape, as seen in cross-section, comprising undulations. Each finger 102 extends from a crest portion 130 of an undulation. A distance between adjacent fingers 102 may be formed by a trough portion 140 of an undulation. The crest portion 130 may be defined as a portion along the undulation having a positive amplitude. The trough portion 140 may be defined as a portion along the undulation having a negative amplitude.
The fingers 102 may extend from the crest of the crest portion 130, i.e., at the highest amplitude of the undulation.
The undulating shape may be a sine formed shape. An amplitude of the undulations may be 1-10 mm such as 1-5 mm. The undulating shape of the layer 110 may be symmetric.
The base layer 110 is provided with openings 113 extending between the first surface and the second surface. Each opening 113 is positioned at the trough portion 140 of an undulation. The openings 113 may have a substantially circular shape. A diameter of the openings 113 may be 1-10 mm such as 1-5 mm. The openings 113 may be positioned at the trough of the trough portion 140, i.e., at the lowest amplitude of the undulation.
The crest portion 130, provided with the finger 102, may be followed by the trough portion 140 provided with the opening 113.
The openings 113 may allow air exchange at the surface of the skin under the dressing 100′. The openings 113 may allow for flow of air or surrounding atmosphere across the base layer 110 and in a direction substantially parallel to the axial direction of the fingers 102, as well as in a direction parallel to the base layer 110. Thereby, ventilation and de-humidification may be obtained, such that skin temperature and moisture levels can be controlled.
The fingers 102 have distal end 121 intended to be in contact with the skin, either directly or through an intervening layer. The distal ends 121 are arranged at a distance from the first surface of the base layer 110. The distal ends 121 may have a half-spherical shape. The distal ends 121 may be convex or have a substantially plane top surface.
The fingers 102 may have a tapered shape. The taper angle may be 1-7°.
If the fingers 102 have a substantially circular cross-section, a diameter of the finger 102 at the distal end 121 may be 1-5 mm such as 2-3 mm.
The distal end 121 of the fingers 2 may have a surface area of at least 1 mm2, such as at least 3 mm2. The surface area of the distal end 121 may be in the range of 1-10 mm2.
A total area of the surface areas of the distal ends 121 of the fingers 102 may be less than 50% of an area of the dressing 100′. The area of the dressing 100 may be defined by the area formed by the outer boundaries of the dressing 100′. The total area of the surface areas of the distal ends 121 of the fingers 102 may be exceeding 10% of an area of dressing 100′, such as in the range of 10-50%, for example 20-30%.
At least the distal ends 121 may be adhesive. Before use, the adhesive may be protected by the protective layer 150. In one example, a portion of the fingers 102 may be adhesive. The second surface of the base layer 110 may be free from adhesive.
In one example, the protective layer 150 forms an intervening layer configured to be position between the body or part of body and the fingers 2. In this example, the protective layer 150 is not intended to be removed before use. The protective layer 150 may be porous. The protective layer 150 may be adhesive. A surface of the protective layer 150 configured to face the skin, body part or body may be adhesive. A surface of the protective layer 150 configured to face the fingers 2 may be adhesive.
The dressing 100′ may be washable, such as the dressing 100′ can be reused. The adhesive properties of the distal ends 121 and/or of the fingers 102 may be maintained after washing. For example, when the material has dried, the material may regain its adhesive properties. The material may be a thermoplastic elastomer or silicone, for example having a Shore value in the 00 scale.
The base layer 110 is intended to be positioned on a support surface, such as for example a bed, mattress, or seat, or be supported by a part of the body. The second surface of the base layer 110 is intended to face the support surface during use. In one example, the dressing 100′ is positioned between two body parts, such as between knees, wherein the distal ends 121 of the fingers 102 are in contact with skin of a body part and the lower surface of the base layer 110 is in contact with a supporting body part. The second surface of the base layer 110 may be configured to be moveable on the support surface, such as supporting body part.
The base layer 110 may be configured to match a shape of the underlying support surface. The base layer 110 may be flexible in a direction substantially parallel to the axial direction of the fingers, such as being able to flex, bend, stretch and/or deform to the underlying support surface. In a similar way, the base layer 110 may be flexible in a direction substantially perpendicular to the axial direction of the fingers, such as being able to flex, bend, stretch and/or deform to the underlying support surface. Thereby, the base layer 110 may follow the shape of the underlying support surface.
The fingers 102 may be provided with openings (not shown), which may be arranged on side surfaces and/or in the distal ends 121 of the fingers 102.
In
In
When pressure is applied, the fingers 102 may be compressed in a direction substantially parallel to the axial direction, as shown in
Further, when pressure is applied, the undulation shape of the base layer 110 may be straighten, such that an amplitude of the undulation under pressure is less than an amplitude of the undulation when no pressure is applied. In one example when pressure is applied, the base layer 110 may have substantially linear extension.
The fingers 102 may be more rigid than the base layer 110. For example, the fingers may be more rigid than the crest portion 130 of the base layer 110. By being more rigid is understood to mean that if a certain defined force is applied to the finger 102 and to the crest portion, respectively, a displacement of the crest portion 130 exceeds a displacement of the finger 102 in a direction substantially parallel to the axial direction of the finger 102. The force applied may compress the finger 102 less than the crest portion 130 in the axial direction.
A displacement of the crest portion 130 of the undulation of the base layer 110 in a direction substantially parallel to the axial direction of the fingers may exceed a compression of the finger in the axial direction.
The fingers 102 may be more rigid, for example by being solid, and the crest portion 130 may have a comparable thinner thickness, such as having a thickness being less than the length of the finger 102.
The crest portion 130 may be provided with reliefs and/or slots, thus reducing the force required for displacement of the crest portion 130 in a direction substantially parallel to the axial direction of the fingers 102. Thus, distribution of regionally varying pressures against the body or of the body against the support surface may be allowed.
The compression and/or movements of the dressing 100′ may allow for air circulation, by forcing air to flow through the openings 113. Thereby, circulation may be obtained both in a direction substantially perpendicular to and substantially parallel to the axial direction of the fingers 102.
The fingers 102 are configured to deform or deflect, in direction substantially perpendicular to the axial direction of the fingers 102. Thereby, the fingers 102 may follow movements of the skin and/or maintain adherence and conformity to the skin of the body part. Shear stress caused in a substantially parallel direction to the plane of the skin of the body part may be at least reduced.
When pressure is applied on the fingers 102, the crest portion 130 of the undulation of the base layer 110 may deform or deflect more than the finger 103 deforms or deflects in a direction substantially parallel to the axial direction of the fingers 102.
The crest portion 130 may have a similar function as the deformable portion previously described.
Further, when pressure is applied on the fingers, a displacement of the crest portion 130 of the undulation of the base layer 110 in a direction substantially perpendicular to the axial direction of the fingers may exceed a displacement of the distal end 121 of the finger 102 in a direction substantially perpendicular to the axial direction. Thereby, adjacent fingers may be separated by a distance even when pressure is applied.
In
In
In the examples shown in
In the examples shown in
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2130215-3 | Aug 2021 | SE | national |
| Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/SE2022/050735 | 8/4/2022 | WO |
