Contact for vacuum interrupter, and vacuum interrupter using same

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to a contact for a vacuum interrupter, and a vacuum interrupter using the contact.

For obtaining enhanced interrupting performance of the vacuum interrupter, electrodes need to receive arc produced therebetween at interruption (shutoff) by their entire surfaces without concentrating arc onto specific spots. The structure for forming a longitudinal magnetic field between electrodes, i.e. the longitudinal magnetic-field applying method, is adopted to receive arc by the entire surfaces of the electrodes. Generation of the longitudinal magnetic field between the electrodes encloses arc, leading to less loss of charged particles from an arc column, excellent arc stability, restrained temperature rise of the electrodes, and enhanced interrupting performance.

U.S. Pat. No. 4,620,074 (equivalent of Japanese Patent Examined Publication No. Heisei 3(1991)-59531 [=JP3059531B]) describes “a contact arrangement for vacuum switches” adopting the longitudinal magnetic field application method. A contact carrier in a form of a hollow cylinder has an end face which is formed with a contact plate. The contact carrier has a periphery formed with a slit (referred to as “slots” in ABSTRACT). Length (referred to as “predetermined height HT” in ABSTRACT), the number of slits, and an azimuth angle of the slit of the contact carrier are defined with respect to an outer diameter of the contact carrier.

FIG.

15

and

FIG. 16

show a construction of a contact of a vacuum interrupter, according to U.S. Pat. No. 4,620,074.

A contact

01

has a contact carrier

02

and a contact end plate

03

. The contact carrier

02

has a first end (lower end in

FIG. 15

) to which the contact end plate

03

is brazed. As a result, the contact

01

is shaped substantially into a cup. The contact carrier

02

has a second end (upper end in

FIG. 15

) to which a contact plate

04

is brazed. The contact carrier

02

has a periphery which is formed with a plurality of inclined slits

05

each of which is inclined by a predetermined angle. An area between two adjacent inclined slits

05

is defined as a coil part. Moreover, the contact plate

04

is formed with a slit

06

connecting to the inclined slit

05

. The slit

06

is offset by a distance b from a center O of the contact

01

. As is seen in

FIG. 15

, there is defined an inclination angle α of the inclined slit

05

, relative to an axis of the contact

01

. As is seen in

FIG. 16

, there is defined an azimuth angle β which is an opening angle of the inclined slit

05

, with respect to the center O of the contact

01

.

The vacuum interrupter using the above contact

01

shows the following features:

A current Ia flowing circumferentially around the contact

01

as is seen in

FIG. 15 and a

current Ib flowing spirally on the contract plate

04

as is seen in

FIG. 16

secure a magnetic flux density between electrodes during current interruption. The magnetic flux density caused by the current Ib shows a concentrated distribution around an axis of the electrode, thereby causing a concentration of arc substantially in the center during the current interruption. The thus concentrated arc disables interruption of a great short circuit.

For interruption of a high voltage and a heavy current, larger coil diameter and greater gap between the contacts are required. In this case, however, the magnetic flux density between the electrodes is likely to become short, thus destabilizing the arc between the electrodes and leading to incapability of interruption.

Moreover, for securing the magnetic field, the azimuth angle β of the inclined slit

05

(formed in the contact carrier

02

) needs to be greater. In this case, however, the contact

01

itself may become short in strength. Thereby, opening and closing the contacts

01

may deform the contacts

01

, thereby deteriorating voltage withstandability as well as interrupting performance.

BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

It is an object of the present invention to provide a contact for a vacuum interrupter, and a vacuum interrupter using the contact.

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a contact for a vacuum interrupter, comprising: 1) a contact plate; and 2) a contact carrier. The contact carrier comprises: a first end face which is fitted with the contact plate, and a peripheral face which is formed with a slit portion in such a manner as to form a coil part. The coil part flows a current such that a longitudinal magnetic field is formed in an axial direction of the contact carrier. The first end face fitted with the contact plate is formed with a circumferential slit portion which connects to the slit portion.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a vacuum interrupter, comprising: a first contact fixed to a peak end of a stationary rod which is fixed to a first end plate of a vacuum container; and a second contact fixed to a peak end of a movable rod which is fixed to a second end plate of the vacuum container opposite to the first end plate. The second contact opposes the first contact substantially coaxially in such a manner as to define a predetermined gap G therebetween in the following range: 15 mm≦G≦100 mm. Each of the first contact and the second contact, comprises: 1) a contact plate; and 2) a contact carrier. The contact carrier comprises: a first end face which is fitted with the contact plate, and a peripheral face which is formed with a slit portion in such a manner as to form a coil part. The coil part flows a current such that a longitudinal magnetic field is formed in an axial direction of the contact carrier. The first end face fitted with the contact plate is formed with a circumferential slit portion which connects to the slit portion.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a contact for a vacuum interrupter, comprising: 1) a plate; 2) a carrier having a first end face mounted to the plate; and 3) slits formed in the carrier. The slits define a coil portion in the carrier. A current passing through the coil portion generates a longitudinal magnetic field along an axial direction of the carrier. The slits comprise a first slit which comprises: a circumferential slit portion formed in the first end face of the carrier, and an inclined slit portion formed in a peripheral face of the carrier at a predetermined inclination angle α with respect to an axis of the carrier and connected to an end of the circumferential slit portion.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a vacuum interrupter, comprising two contacts disposed coaxially to oppose each other. A predetermined gap G between the two contacts is given by 15 mm≦G≦100 mm. Each of the two contacts comprises: 1) a plate; 2) a carrier having a first end face mounted to the plate; and 3) slits formed in the carrier. The slits define a coil portion in the carrier. A current passing through the coil portion generates a longitudinal magnetic field along an axial direction of the carrier. The slits comprise a first slit which comprises: a circumferential slit portion formed in the first end face of the carrier, and an inclined slit portion formed in a peripheral face of the carrier at a predetermined inclination angle α with respect to an axis of the carrier and connected to an end of the circumferential slit portion.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a contact for a vacuum interrupter, comprising: 1) a plate; 2) a carrier having a first end face mounted to the plate; and 3) means for forming slits in the carrier. The forming means defines a coil portion in the carrier. A current passing through the coil portion generates a longitudinal magnetic field along an axial direction of the carrier. The forming means comprises a first slit which comprises: a circumferential slit portion formed in the first end face of the carrier, and an inclined slit portion formed in a peripheral face of the carrier at a predetermined inclination angle α with respect to an axis of the carrier and connected to an end of the circumferential slit portion.

The other objects and features of the present invention will become understood from the following description with reference to the accompanying drawings.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE SEVERAL VIEWS OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1

is a side view of a contact for a vacuum interrupter, according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2

is a plan view of the contact for the vacuum interrupter shown in

FIG. 1

;

FIG. 3

shows a schematic of a vacuum interrupter

10

using the contact for the vacuum interrupter shown in FIG.

1

and

FIG. 2

;

FIG. 4

is a side view of a contact for a vacuum interrupter, according to a second embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5

is a plan view of the contact for the vacuum interrupter shown in

FIG. 4

;

FIG. 6

is a graph showing magnetic flux density compared between the vacuum interrupter using the contact (for the vacuum interrupter) which is formed with a circumferential slit portion

5

a

and the one without the circumferential slit portion

5

a

;

FIG. 7

is a side view of a contact for a vacuum interrupter, according to a third embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 8

is a plan view of the contact for the vacuum interrupter shown in

FIG. 7

;

FIG. 9

is a side view of a contact for a vacuum interrupter, according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 10

is a plan view of the contact for the vacuum interrupter shown in

FIG. 9

;

FIG. 11

is a schematic explaining azimuth angles of the contact in

FIG. 9

;

FIG. 12

is a view similar to

FIG. 9

, partly in section, showing the two contacts opposing each other;

FIG. 13

is a perspective view showing the two contacts in

FIG. 12

;

FIG. 14

is a view showing the vacuum interrupter

10

using the contact in

FIG. 9

;

FIG. 15

is a side view of a contact for a vacuum interrupter, according to a related art; and

FIG. 16

is a plan view of the contact for the vacuum interrupter shown in FIG.

15

.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENT

In the following, various embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

For ease of understanding, the following description will contain various directional terms, such as, left, right, upper, lower and the like. However, such terms are to be understood with respect to only a drawing or drawings on which the corresponding part of element is illustrated.

As is seen in FIG.

1

and

FIG. 2

, there is provided a contact for a vacuum interrupter, according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 1

shows a side view while

FIG. 2

shows a plan view of the contact for the vacuum interrupter.

A tubular (cylindrical) contact carrier

1

has a first end face

1

a

to which a contact plate

2

is brazed. The contact carrier

1

has a second end face

1

b

to which a contact end plate

3

connecting to a lead rod (i.e. stationary rod

17

and movable rod

19

in

FIG. 3

, to be described afterward) is brazed. The tubular contact carrier

1

and the contact end plate

3

are in combination formed substantially into a cup.

The contact carrier

1

defines an outer diameter D which can be determined in accordance with interrupting current and voltage in the following range: 60 mm≦D≦200 mm. The contact carrier

1

defines a length L (in other words, pot depth) which can be set up in the following rage: 0.1D mm≦L≦0.5D mm. Moreover, the contact carrier

1

defines a wall thickness W which can be set up in the following range: 6 mm≦W≦12 mm.

The tubular contact carrier

1

has an entire periphery which is formed with an inclined slit portion

5

b

defining an inclination angle α relative to an axis of the contact carrier

1

. The inclined slit portion

5

b

is open to the first end face

1

a

of the contact carrier

1

. The first end face

1

a

of the contact carrier

1

is formed with a circumferential slit portion

5

a

which connects to the inclined slit portion

5

b

, has a depth L

1

and extends circumferentially. Hereinabove, the circumferential slit portion

5

a

and the inclined slit portion

5

b

in combination constitute a first slit

5

. A coil part

7

is defined as an area interposed between the two adjacent inclined slit portions

5

b.

The inclined slit portion

5

b

can be defined in number (number S

1

) in the following range: 0.03D/mm≦S

1

≦0.1D/mm.

With mechanical strength and resistance reduction of the contact carrier

1

taken into account, the inclination angle α of the inclined up in the following range: 60°≦α≦80°.

An azimuth angle β of the inclined slit portion

5

b

can be set up in the following range: 45°≦β≦120°. The lower limit 45° of the azimuth angle β is for securing sufficient magnetic flux density, while the upper limit 120° of the azimuth angle β is for preventing heat generation which may be caused by resistance.

With mechanical strengths of the contact carrier

1

and the contact plate

2

taken into account, an azimuth angle γ of the circumferential slit portion

5

a

can be set up in the following range: (30/S

1

)°≦γ≦(270/S

1

)°.

As is seen in

FIG. 2

, the contact plate

2

is formed with a substantially linear slit

8

extending radially. According to the first embodiment, the linear slit

8

connects to a section connecting the circumferential slit portion

5

a

and the inclined slit portion

5

b

, as is seen in FIG.

1

.

According to the first embodiment, the second end face

1

b

of the tubular contact carrier

1

is so joined with the contact end plate

3

as to form the cup. Instead of the joint, a section corresponding to the contact end plate

3

can be monolithic with the contact carrier

1

. In this case, however, the monolithic cup has a pot depth that is substantially equivalent to the length L of the contact carrier

1

.

As is seen in

FIG. 3

, there is provided a schematic of the vacuum interrupter

10

which is constituted of the contacts described above. More specifically, there is shown in

FIG. 3

, a pair of a first contact

11

and a second contact

12

each of which has a construction as is seen in FIG.

1

and FIG.

2

. There is defined a predetermined gap G between the first contact

11

and the second contact

12

, in such a manner that the first contact

11

and the second contact

12

can oppose each other coaxially in a vacuum container

13

. The gap G can be defined in the following range: 15 mm≦G≦100 mm.

The vacuum container

13

has such a construction that an insulating tube

14

made of ceramic, glass and the like has a first end blocked by a first end plate

15

and a second end blocked by a second end plate

16

. With the above construction, high vacuum state can be kept inside the vacuum container

13

. The first contact

11

is fixed to a peak end (lower end in

FIG. 3

) of a stationary rod

17

which is fixed via the first end plate

15

of the vacuum container

13

. Thereby, the first contact

11

acts as a stationary electrode. On the other hand, the second contact

12

is fixed to a peak end (upper end in

FIG. 3

) of a movable rod

19

which is disposed via the second end plate

16

in such a manner as to move by means of a bellows

18

. Thereby, the second contact

12

acts as a movable contact. In the vacuum container

13

, there is provided a shield

20

around the first contact

11

and the second contact

12

.

In the vacuum interrupter

10

constructed above, an arc is generated between the electrodes, that is, the first contact

11

and the second contact

12

when current is interrupted.

On the other hand, a current I can take the following route:

With the circumferential slit portion

5

a

(insulating layer) formed between the contact plate

2

and the contact carrier

1

, the current I flows whiningly along the contact plate

2

. Then, the current I enters the coil part

7

between the two adjacent inclined slit portions

5

b

of the contact carrier

1

, thus causing a longitudinal magnetic filed B. A current path formed by the inclined slit portion

5

b

in combination with the circumferential slit portion

5

a

is longer than a current path formed by the inclined slit portion

5

b

only. Thereby, the former can cause greater magnetic field than the latter. As a result, the circumferential slit portion

5

a

can help stabilize the arc, to thereby improve interrupting performance.

According to the first embodiment, each of the first contact

11

and the second contact

12

of the vacuum interrupter

10

as shown in

FIG. 3

defines the following dimensions:

EXAMPLE 1

1.

Outer diameter D of contact carrier 1:

70 mm

2.

Length L of contact carrier 1:

17 mm

3.

The number S1 of inclined slit portions 5b:

6

4.

Inclination angle α of inclined slit portion 5b:

68°

5.

Azimuth angle β of inclined slit portion 5b:

90°

6.

Azimuth angle γ of circumferential slit portion 5a:

15°

7.

Wall thickness W of contact carrier 1:

7.5 mm

With the first contact

11

and the second contact

12

oppositely disposed coaxially in such a manner as to form therebetween the gap G of 16 mm in the Example 1, the vacuum interrupter

10

(

FIG. 3

) generates the magnetic flux density of 4.0 μT/A substantially in the center. According to the first embodiment, the vacuum interrupter

10

can generate an interruption capacity featuring rated voltage of 36 kV and rated interrupting current of 31.5 kA.

As is seen in FIG.

4

and

FIG. 5

, there is provided a contact for a vacuum interrupter, according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4

shows a side view while

FIG. 5

shows a plan view of the contact of the vacuum interrupter.

According to the second embodiment, the linear slit

8

disposed at the contact plate

2

connects to an initial end (first end, or right end in

FIG. 4

) of the circumferential slit portion

5

a

, instead of the section connecting the circumferential slit portion

5

a

and the inclined slit portion

5

b

according to the first embodiment. The other constructions according to the second embodiment are substantially the same as those according to the first embodiment.

According to the second embodiment, each of the first contact

11

and the second contact

12

of the vacuum interrupter

10

as shown in

FIG. 3

defines the following dimensions:

EXAMPLE 2

1.

Outer diameter D of contact carrier 1:

80 mm

2.

Length L of contact carrier 1:

20 mm

3.

The number S1 of inclined slit portions 5b:

6

4.

Inclination angle α of inclined slit portion 5b:

72°

5.

Azimuth angle β of inclined slit portion 5b:

90°

6.

Azimuth angle γ of circumferential slit portion 5a:

15°

7.

Wall thickness W of contact carrier 1:

7.5 mm

With the first contact

11

and the second contact

12

oppositely disposed coaxially in such a manner as to form therebetween the gap G of 20 mm in the Example 2, the vacuum interrupter

10

(

FIG. 3

) generates the magnetic flux density of 3.6 μT/A substantially in the center. According to the second embodiment, the vacuum interrupter

10

can generate the interruption capacity featuring rated voltage of 36 kV and rated interrupting current of 31.5 kA.

FIG. 6

shows a distribution of the magnetic flux density. More specifically,

FIG. 6

shows a comparison of the magnetic flux density between the vacuum interrupter using the contact formed “with” the circumferential slit portion

5

a

and the one using the contact “without” the circumferential slit portion

5

a

. An abscissa in

FIG. 6

indicates a distance (mm) from the center of the electrode (i.e. first contact

11

and second contact

12

), while an ordinate in

FIG. 6

indicates the magnetic flux density (μT/A).

As is obvious from

FIG. 6

, the vacuum interrupter using the contact formed “with” the circumferential slit portion

5

a

can feature flatter magnetic flux density from the center of the electrode than the one using the contact “without” the circumferential slit portion

5

a

. In other words, the magnetic flux density of the former is high in a wider range than the magnetic flux density of the latter.

As is seen in FIG.

7

and

FIG. 8

, there is provided a contact for a vacuum interrupter, according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7

shows a side view while

FIG. 8

shows a plan view of the contact for the vacuum interrupter.

According to the third embodiment, the linear slit

8

disposed at the contact plate

2

extends in such a manner as to be offset from a radial line passing through a center O of the contact plate

2

. More specifically, as is seen in

FIG. 8

, the linear slit

8

extends substantially in parallel with the radial line, in such a manner as to be spaced apart from the radial line by a distance b. With this, overall construction of the linear slits

8

is shaped substantially into a spiral. An end of the linear slit

8

connects to the initial end (first end, or right end in

FIG. 7

) of the circumferential slit portion

5

a

. The other constructions according to the third embodiment are substantially the same as those according to the first embodiment.

According to the third embodiment, each of the first contact

11

and the second contact

12

of the vacuum interrupter

10

as shown in

FIG. 3

defines the following dimensions:

EXAMPLE 3

1.

Outer diameter D of contact carrier 1:

90 mm

2.

Length L of contact carrier 1:

21 mm

3.

The number S1 of inclined slit portions 5b:

6

4.

Inclination angle α of inclined slit portion 5b:

75°

5.

Azimuth angle β of inclined slit portion 5b:

102°

6.

Azimuth angle γ of circumferential slit portion 5a:

15°

7.

Wall thickness W of contact carrier 1:

8 mm

With the first contact

11

and the second contact

12

oppositely disposed coaxially in such a manner as to form therebetween the gap G of 40 mm in the Example 3, the vacuum interrupter

10

(

FIG. 3

) generates the magnetic flux density of 3.5 μT/A substantially in the center. According to the third embodiment, the vacuum interrupter

10

can generate the interruption capacity featuring rated voltage of 72 kV and rated interrupting current of 31.5 kA. The magnetic flux density of 3.5 μT/A (substantially in the center) brought about in the Example 3 according to the third embodiment is about 1.25 times the one obtained by the vacuum interrupter

10

without the circumferential slit portion

5

a.

As is seen in

FIG. 9

to

FIG. 13

, there is provided a contact for a vacuum interrupter, according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9

shows a side view while

FIG. 10

shows a plan view of the contact for the vacuum interrupter. Moreover,

FIG. 11

shows the azimuth angle β, the azimuth angle γ and an azimuth angle δ, while FIG.

12

and

FIG. 13

show the contacts (for the vacuum interrupter) opposing each other.

As is seen in

FIG. 9

to

FIG. 13

, the first contact

11

(likewise, the second contact

12

) comprises the contact carrier

1

formed like a hollow cylinder and having the first end face

1

a

to which the contact plate

2

is brazed and the second end face

1

b

to which the contact end plate

3

with the lead rod (i.e. stationary rod

17

and movable rod

19

in

FIG. 14

, to be described afterward) connected is brazed. According to the fourth embodiment, as is seen in

FIG. 12

, a ring-like engagement

3

b

is formed in a surface

3

a

of the contact end plate

3

, and is fitted inside the contact carrier

1

for brazing. A cylindrical reinforce

4

has an end fitted inside the ring-like engagement

3

b

of the contact end plate

3

. The contact plate

2

fixed to the first end face

1

a

of the contact carrier

1

by brazing abuts on an end face of the cylindrical reinforce

4

for brazing. Specifically, the cylindrical reinforce

4

reinforces the contact plate

2

and the contact carrier

1

to prevent deformation thereof. Since the cylindrical contact carrier

1

and the contact end plate

3

are shaped like a cup, the first contact

11

(likewise, the second contact

12

) is referred to as “cup type contact”.

The outer diameter D of the contact carrier

1

is selected within the range of 60 mm≦D≦200 mm in accordance with the interrupting current and voltage. This range is determined based on a result of current interruption tests. The length L (in other words, pot depth) of the contact carrier

1

is set within the range of 0.2D mm≦L≦D mm, which is determined in accordance with the inclination angle α and the azimuth angle β as will be described later. The wall thickness W of the contact carrier

1

is set within the range of 6 mm≦W≦12 mm, which is determined in view of the strength, etc. With the first contact

11

(likewise, second contact

12

) as shown in

FIG. 9

, the wall thickness W of the contact carrier

1

is uniform along the overall length. Optionally, for the purpose of reinforcement, etc., the wall thickness W may be varied in the range of 6 mm≦W≦12 mm as shown in FIG.

12

.

The cup-like contact carrier

1

is formed with the first slits

5

and second slits

6

. The first slit

5

comprises the circumferential slit portion

5

a

formed circumferentially in the first end face

1

a

of the contact carrier

1

, and the inclined slit portion

5

b

formed in the peripheral face of the contact carrier

1

at the inclination angle α with respect to the axis of the contact carrier

1

and connected to the end of the circumferential slit portion

5

a

. The second slit

6

extends from the second end face

1

b

of the contact carrier

1

to near the axially middle position thereof. More specifically, the second slit

6

has an opening

6

a

at the second end face

1

b

as shown in FIG.

9

and FIG.

12

. As is seen in

FIG. 11

, the azimuth angle β (or open angle) of the inclined slit portion

5

b

of the first slit

5

with respect to the center O of the contact carrier

1

is constant. The above azimuth angle β which is constant is also an open angle of the second slit

6

with respect to the center O of the contact carrier

1

. A part located between the inclined slit portion

5

b

(of the first slit

5

) and the second slit

6

constitutes a coil part. More specifically, a part located between the two adjacent inclined slit portions

5

b

(of the first slit

5

) constitutes a first coil part

7

a

, a part located between the inclined slit portion

5

b

(of the first slit

5

) and the second slit

6

constitutes a second coil part

7

b

, and a part located between the two adjacent second slits

6

constitutes a third coil part

7

c.

The total number S2 of first slits 5 (inclined slit portions

5

b

) and second slits

6

is set within the range of 0.1D/mm≦S2≦0.2D/mm. In other words, the number of first slits

5

is ½ S2, while the number of second slits

6

is ½ S

2

. The inclination angle α of the inclined slit portion

5

b

(of the first slit

5

) and the second slit

6

is set within the range of 60°≦α≦80°, which is determined in terms of the mechanical strength and the resistance reduction of the contact carrier

1

. More specifically, as is seen in

FIG. 9

, in favor of the mechanical strength and the resistance reduction of the contact carrier

1

, a vertical distance “x” between two of the adjacent first slits

5

, between two of the adjacent second slits

6

, and between the first slit

5

and the second slit

6

(adjacent to each other) is preferably about 7 mm to 18 mm. Then, in consideration of the outer diameter D of the contact carrier

1

and the total number S

2

of slits (including the first slits

5

and the second slits

6

), the range of the inclination angle α is 60°≦α≦80°.

Each of the azimuth angle β of the inclined slit portion

5

b

(of the first slit

5

) and the azimuth angle β of the second slit

6

is set within the range of (540/S

2

)°≦β≦(1440/S

2

)°.

The lower limit is determined at (540/S

2

)° for the following reason:

Length of the coil part for the lower limit is defined as 1.5 turns.

Therefore, the lower limit smaller than (540/S

2

)° may cause shortage of the magnetic flux density.

The upper limit is determined at (1440/S

2

)° for the following reason:

The length of the coil part for the upper limit is defined as 4 turns. With the upper limit greater than (1440/S

2

)°, the resistance may become greater, causing an inconvenience due to heat generation. Moreover, the mechanical strength of the contact carrier

1

may become lower.

The azimuth angle γ of the circumferential slit portion

5

a

of the first slit

5

is set within the range of (120/S

2

)°≦γ≦(600/S

2

)°, which is determined in terms of the mechanical strength of the contact carrier

1

.

The first slits

5

are formed equidistant, while the second slits

6

are also formed equidistant. The inclined slit portion

5

b

(of the first slit

5

) and the second slit

6

define therebetween a predetermined circumferential spacing or the azimuth angle δ, as is seen in FIG.

11

. The azimuth angle δ is set within the range of (120/S

2

)°≦δ≦(600/S

2

)°, which is determined in terms of the mechanical strength of the contact carrier

1

.

Since the lengths of the inclined slit portion

5

b

(of the first slit

5

) and the second slit

6

are so reduced as to define the circumferential spacing or the azimuth angle δ between the inclined slit portion

5

b

and the second slit

6

, a solid pillar portion

1

c

can be formed between the inclined slit portion

5

b

and the second slit

6

, as is seen in FIG.

9

. The solid pillar portion

1

c

serves to maintain the mechanical strength of the contact carrier

1

. In other words, arrangement of a long circumferential slit may reduce the axial strength of the contact carrier

1

. Formation of the solid pillar portion

1

c

contributes to preservation of the axial strength of the contact carrier

1

.

The inclined slit portion

5

b

(of the first slit

5

) and the second slit

6

overlap axially one another in a predetermined area. The second slit

6

may be so formed as to lie between the two adjacent inclined slit portions

5

b

of the first slits

5

.

As is seen in

FIG. 10

, the linear slits

8

are formed in the contact plate

2

. The number of linear slits

8

is the same as that of first slits

5

(namely, ½ S

2

). With inward extensions of the linear slits

8

being offset with respect to the center O of the contact plate

2

, the linear slits

8

are arranged spirally as a whole, as shown in FIG.

10

. The contact plate

2

is mounted such that a peripheral-face side end

8

a

of the linear slit

8

mates an end (right end in

FIG. 9

) of the circumferential slit portion

5

a

of the first slit

5

, opposite to the end (left end in

FIG. 9

) to which the inclined slit portion

5

b

is connected. With the above construction of the contact carrier

1

and the contact plate

2

, the linear slit

8

and the first slit

5

communicate with each other.

According to the fourth embodiment, the contact end plate

3

is joined to the second end face

1

b

of the contact carrier

1

. Alternatively, a portion corresponding to the contact end plate

3

can be monolithic with the contact carrier

1

to achieve a cup-like contact carrier. In this case, the second slit

6

is formed with the position corresponding to the inner bottom of the contact carrier

1

as reference position, for example. The depth of the cup-like monolithic unit or pot depth corresponds to the length L of the contact carrier

1

.

Moreover, according to the fourth embodiment, only the first slit

5

comprises the circumferential slit portion

5

a

and the inclined slit portion

5

b

. Alternatively, the second slit

6

may also comprise a circumferential slit portion and an inclined slit portion. In this case, the circumferential slit portion of the second slit

6

is formed in the second end face

1

b

of the contact carrier

1

.

As is seen in

FIG. 14

, there is shown the vacuum interrupter

10

using the above first contact

11

and the second contact

12

, according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.

The vacuum interrupter

10

is constituted of the two contacts (namely, the first contact

11

and the second contact

12

) as shown in

FIG. 9

to

FIG. 11

, which are so disposed in the vacuum container

13

as to coaxially oppose each other at the gap G as shown in FIG.

12

. The gap G is set within the range of 15 mm≦G≦100 mm.

The vacuum container

13

comprises the insulating tube

14

made of ceramic, glass or the like. The vacuum container

13

further comprises the first end plate

15

and the second end plate

16

each of which is made of metal for closing both ends of the insulating tube

14

, wherein the inside of the vacuum container

13

is evacuated at a high vacuum. The stationary rod

17

is fixedly arranged through the first end plate

15

of the vacuum container

13

to have the front end to which the first contact

11

is fixed as the stationary electrode. The movable rod

19

is arranged movably by the bellows

18

through the second end plate

16

of the vacuum container

13

to have the front end to which the second contact

12

is fixed as the movable electrode. The shield

20

is arranged around the first contact

11

and the second contact

12

in the vacuum container

13

.

With the vacuum interrupter

10

having the above construction, the arc is generated between the first contact

11

(electrode) and the second contact (electrode) at the interruption of the current “I”. Since the circumferential slit portion

5

a

(insulating layer) lies between the contact plate

2

and the contact carrier

1

, the current “I” flows whirlingly along the contact plate

2

, then enters the first coil part

7

a

between two of the adjacent inclined slit portions

5

b

of the contact carrier

1

, passing through the second coil part

7

b

between the inclined sit portion

5

b

(of the first slit

5

) and the second slit

6

and then flowing into the third coil part

7

c

between two of the adjacent second slits

6

. Passage of the current “I” through the first coil part

7

a

, the second coil part

7

b

, and the third coil part

7

c

can generate the longitudinal magnetic field B between the contact plate

2

(of the first contact

11

) and the contact plate

2

(of the second contact

12

). Due to formation of numerous and long current paths, the above construction allows generation of the magnetic field two or more times as much as that generated by the construction having the first slits

5

only. This results in stabilized arc and excellent interrupting performance.

According to the fourth embodiment, each of the first contact

11

and the second contact

12

of the vacuum interrupter

10

as shown in

FIG. 14

defines the following dimensions:

EXAMPLE 4

1.

Outer diameter D of contact carrier 1:

80 mm

2.

Length L of contact carrier 1:

27 mm

3.

Total number S2 of first slits 5 and second slits 6:

12

*6 for either first slits 5 or second slits 6.

4.

Inclination angle α of inclined slit portion 5b:

70°

5.

Inclination angle α of second slit 6:

70°

6.

Azimuth angle β of inclined slit portion 5b:

65°

7.

Azimuth angle β of second slit 6:

65°

8.

Azimuth angle γ of circumferential slit portion 5a:

15°

9.

Azimuth angle δ of spacing or portion between

30°

inclined slit portion 5b and second slit 6:

10.

Wall thickness W of contact carrier 1:

8.5 mm

1.

Outer diameter D of contact carrier 1:

90 mm

2.

Length L of contact carrier 1:

37 mm

3.

Total number S2 of first slits 5 and second slits 6:

12

*6 for either first slits 5 or second slits 6.

4.

Inclination angle α of inclined slit portion 5b:

72°

5.

Inclination angle α of second slit 6:

72°

6.

Azimuth angle β of inclined slit portion 5b:

75°

7.

Azimuth angle β of second slit 6:

75°

8.

Azimuth angle γ of circumferential slit portion 5a:

20°

9.

Azimuth angle δ of spacing or portion between

13°

inclined slit portion 5b and second slit 6:

10.

Wall thickness W of contact carrier 1:

8.5 mm

With the vacuum interrupter

10

defining the dimensions described above, when the first contact

11

and the second contact

12

are disposed coaxially opposing each other at the gap of 40 mm in the Example 5, the magnetic flux density generated substantially in the center portion is 4.5 μT/A. The thus obtained vacuum interrupter

10

provides interrupting performance of 72 kV rated voltage and 40.0 kA rated interrupting current.

According to the embodiments of the present invention, the vacuum interrupter using the two contacts has greater intensity of a longitudinal magnetic field generated between the two contacts, allowing uniform distribution of the arc produced at current interruption, resulting in enhanced interrupting performance.

Moreover, according to the embodiments of the present invention, when achievement of the high-voltage heavy-current interrupting performance requires larger diameter of the contact and longer dissociation distance or gap, a necessary and sufficient longitudinal magnetic field can be generated between the contacts, obtaining stable interrupting performance.

Further, according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention, the solid pillar portion is formed between the inclined slit portion (of the first slit) and the second slit, providing greater mechanical strength of the contact carrier than that of the cup-like contact which generates the same magnetic flux density.

Although the present invention has been described above by reference to certain embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above. Modifications and variations of the embodiments described above will occur to those skilled in the art, in light of the above teachings.

The entire contents of basic Japanese Patent Application No. P2001-276172 (filed on Sep. 12, 2001 in Japan) from which priority is claimed and basic Japanese Patent Application No. P2001-281068 (filed on Sep. 17, 2001 in Japan) are incorporated herein by reference, in order to take some protection against mis-translation or omitted portions.

The scope of the present invention is defined with reference to the following claims.

Number	Date	Country	Kind
2001-276172	Sep 2001	JP
2001-281068	Sep 2001	JP

Number	Name	Date	Kind
4532391	Bernt	Jul 1985	A
4620074	Paul et al.	Oct 1986	A
5313030	Kusserow et al.	May 1994	A
5691522	Schulman et al.	Nov 1997	A

Number	Date	Country
37 24 813	Feb 1989	DE
198 55 413	Jul 1999	DE
0 199 594	Oct 1985	EP
0 615 263	Sep 1994	EP
61-211926	Sep 1986	JP
3-59531	Sep 1991	JP

Contact for vacuum interrupter, and vacuum interrupter using same

Information

Patent Number

Date Filed

Date Issued

Inventors

Original Assignees

Examiners

Agents

CPC

US Classifications

Field of Search

US

International Classifications

Disclaimer

Abstract

Description

Claims

Priority Claims (2)

US Referenced Citations (4)

Foreign Referenced Citations (6)

Non-Patent Literature Citations (2)

Entry
U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/238,900, Matsui et al., filed Sep. 11, 2002.
U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/238,897, Nishijima et al., filed Sep. 11, 2002.