Container coupling device

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

This invention relates to a container coupling device for preventing stacked containers from moving or being displaced in the back-and-forth and right-and-left directions.

Generally, in transporting many containers by ship, containers are stacked on hold floors or on the deck and upper and lower containers are coupled together by a container coupling device to prevent displacement of the containers.

Stacked containers have their outer peripheral corners guided by vertically extending guides, so that they have a relatively small tendency to incline in the vertical direction. Thus, upper and lower containers are coupled together by container coupling devices for preventing displacement in the back-and-forth and right-and-left directions.

As a container coupling device for preventing displacement of containers, one shown in

FIGS. 6 and 7

is known. This container coupling device is integrally provided with a support shaft

22

on the top surface of a flange

21

arranged between upper and lower containers C

1

and C

2

. An upper positioning protrusion

23

which is inserted into an engaging hole a

1

formed in a bottom corner fitting A

1

of the upper container C

1

is provided so as to be rotatable about the support shaft

22

. At the top end of the support shaft

22

, an engaging member

24

is integrally provided and has its two ends engageable with the peripheral edge of the engaging hole a

1

of the bottom corner fitting A

1

.

On the bottom surface of the flange

21

, a lower positioning protrusion

25

is integrally provided and can be inserted into an engaging hole a

2

formed in a top corner fitting A

2

of the lower container C

2

.

To position containers using such container coupling devices, the position of the upper positioning protrusion

23

is adjusted so that the engaging member

24

is received within the outer periphery of the upper positioning protrusion

23

by rotating the upper positioning protrusion about the support shaft

22

. Then, the upper positioning protrusion

23

is inserted into the engaging hole a

1

in the bottom corner fitting A

1

of the upper container C

1

, and both ends of the engaging member

24

are brought into engagement with the peripheral edge of the engaging hole a

1

in the bottom corner fitting A

1

by rotating the flange

21

relative to the upper positioning protrusion

23

to mount the container coupling device to the bottom surface of the upper container C

1

.

After mounting the container coupling device, the upper container C

1

is stacked on the lower container C

2

loaded beforehand to insert the lower positioning protrusion

25

into the engaging hole a

2

in the top comer fitting A

2

of the lower container C

2

, thereby preventing displacement of the upper and lower containers C

1

and C

2

by the engagement of the positioning protrusions

23

and

25

in the respective engaging holes a

1

and a

2

.

In this conventional container coupling device, since the upper positioning protrusion

23

, which is adapted to be inserted into the engaging hole a

1

in the bottom comer fitting A

1

of the upper container C

1

, is supported so as to be rotatable about the support shaft

22

, if the upper container C

1

inclines with the upper and lower containers C

1

and C

2

positioned by the container coupling device, a load will act on the support shaft

22

.

Since the support shaft

22

extends through the positioning protrusion

23

, there is a limit to an increase in the outer diameter of the support shaft

22

. Since a load due to inclination of the upper container is borne by the support shaft

22

, which is small in outer diameter and weak in the mechanical strength, there is a fear that the support shaft

22

may break. Thus one problem is poor durability.

Also, with the container coupling device mounted to the bottom corner fitting A

1

of the upper container C

1

, since the engaging member

24

, which engages the peripheral edge of the engaging hole a

1

in the comer fitting A

1

, is pivotable relative to the upper positioning protrusion

23

, when the upper container C

1

is lowered to stack it on the lower container C

2

, if the lower positioning protrusion

25

abuts an obstacle and turning force is imparted thereto, there is a danger that the engaging member

24

will rotate out of engagement with the peripheral edge of the engaging hole a

1

such that the container coupling device will fall.

An object of this invention is to improve durability and safety of a coupling device for preventing displacement of containers in the back-and-forth and right-and-left directions.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

According to this invention, there is provided a container coupling device comprising a flange arranged between upper and lower containers, and positioning protrusions integrally provided on top and bottom surfaces of the flange for preventing displacement of the upper and lower containers in the back-and-forth and right-and-left directions by being inserted into engaging holes formed in opposed corners of the upper and lower containers. The upper positioning protrusion has in the center of its top surface a downwardly extending inserting hole. A rotary shaft is inserted in the inserting hole so as to be rotatably supported. An engaging member is provided on the top end of the rotary shaft so as to be engageable and disengageable relative to the peripheral edge of the engaging hole of the upper corner fitting. A turning amount limiting mechanism sets the turning range of the rotary shaft for rotation between an engaged position in which ends of the engaging member protrude outwardly from the sides of the upper positioning protrusion and a disengaged position in which the entire engaging member is received within the outer peripheral surface of the upper positioning protrusion.

By integrally providing the upper positioning protrusion on the flange, with the upper and lower containers positioned, if the upper container inclines, the load due to the inclination is borne by the upper positioning protrusion which is integral with the flange. Thus, it is possible to bear an extremely large load on the upper positioning protrusion, so that a coupling device superior in durability can be obtained.

Also, in a mounted state in which both ends of the engaging member engage the peripheral edge of the engaging hole formed in the bottom corner fitting of the upper container, during transfer for e.g. stacking the upper container, even if an obstacle collides against the lower positioning protrusion and a turning force is imparted to the coupling device, the engaging member will not turn in the disengaging direction. Thus, it is possible to avoid danger due to a fall of the coupling device.

Also, if a spring for imparting a turning force to the rotary shaft in such a direction that the engaging member engages the peripheral edge of the engaging hole is provided, by inserting the upper positioning protrusion into the engaging hole of the bottom corner fitting of the upper container and releasing the operating force for turning the rotary shaft, the engaging member will turn due to the resilience of the spring and its ends will automatically engage the peripheral edge of the engaging hole. Thus, it is possible to reliably mount the container coupling device to the bottom corner fitting in a short time.

As the turning amount limiting mechanism, a through hole communicating with the inserting hole is formed in the sides of the lower positioning protrusion, and a lever is mounted to the rotary shaft at a position opposite the through hole, thereby limiting the turning amount of the rotary shaft by the abutment of the lever on both inner peripheral sides of the through hole.

In the turning amount limiting mechanism, by forming the recesses which can accommodate the lever in both sides thereof, it is possible to prevent the lever from inadvertently turning even if the lever collides against an obstacle. Thus it is possible to reliably retain the engaging member in a position in which it engages the peripheral edge of the engaging hole and thus to further increase safety.

Other features and objects of the present invention will become apparent from the following description made with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1

is a front view showing an embodiment of the container coupling device according to this invention;

FIG. 2

is a plan view of the same;

FIG. 3

is an exploded perspective view of the same;

FIG. 4

is a plan view of the same showing the upper positioning protrusion inserted in an engaging hole;

FIG. 5

is a front view showing another embodiment;

FIG. 6

is a front view showing a conventional container coupling device; and

FIG. 7

is a plan view of the same.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

Hereinbelow, the embodiments of this invention are described with reference to

FIGS. 1-5

. As shown in

FIGS. 1-3

, the container coupling device according to the present invention comprises a plate-like flange

1

and an upper positioning protrusion

2

and a lower positioning protrusion

3

, both integral with the flange

1

. The flange

1

is arranged between upper and lower containers C

1

and C

2

. The upper positioning protrusion

2

and the lower positioning protrusion

3

are inserted into an engaging hole a

1

formed in a bottom corner fitting A

1

of the upper container C

1

and an engaging hole a

2

formed in a top corner fitting A

2

of the lower container C

2

, respectively.

Here, the engaging hole a

1

formed in the bottom corner fitting A

1

is, as shown by chain line in

FIG. 2

, a hole elongated in the horizontal direction and has its two ends formed as arcuate surfaces b

1

. The upper positioning protrusion

2

, which is adapted to be inserted into the engaging hole a

1

, has substantially the same cross-sectional shape as the engaging hole a

1

.

The engaging hole a

2

formed in the top corner fitting A

2

of the lower container C

2

also has the same shape as the engaging hole a

1

formed in the bottom corner fitting A

1

of the upper container C

1

. The lower positioning protrusion

3

adapted to be inserted into the engaging hole a

2

has substantially the same cross-sectional shape as the engaging hole a

2

.

At the top of both end faces of the upper positioning protrusion

2

, tapered surfaces

4

are provided (FIG.

3

). Also, in the upper positioning protrusion

2

, a hole

5

extending downwardly from the center of the top surface is formed.

On the other hand, the lower positioning protrusion

3

has, at lower portions of its two end faces and both side faces, tapered surfaces

6

to facilitate insertion into the engaging hole a

2

in the top corner fitting A

2

. Also, in both side faces of the lower positioning protrusion

3

, recesses

7

are formed. Between the recesses

7

, a through hole

8

is formed to communicate with the hole

5

.

In the hole

5

, a rotary shaft

9

is inserted and rotatably supported. At the top end of the rotary shaft

9

, a plate-like engaging member

10

is provided. The engaging member

10

is of such a size as to be received within the outer periphery of the upper positioning protrusion

2

, but with the length between the two ends thereof longer than the width between the two side faces of the upper positioning protrusion

2

(FIG.

2

).

At a lower portion of the rotary shaft

9

, at a position opposite the through hole

8

, a lever

11

comprising a pin is provided. Until the lever

11

abuts either of the side walls of the hole

8

, the rotary shaft

9

can pivot. With the lever

11

in abutment with one side wall

8

a

of the through hole

8

, the engaging member

10

is in an engaged position in which its two ends protrude outwardly from both sides of the upper positioning protrusion

2

(FIG.

2

). Also, with the lever

11

in abutment with the other side wall

8

b

of the through hole

8

, the engaging member

10

is in a released or disengaged position in which it is received within the outer periphery of the upper positioning protrusion

2

.

Also, on a lower portion of the rotary shaft

9

, a spring

12

is supported. The spring

12

imparts a turning force to the rotary shaft

9

in such a direction that the lever

11

abuts the one side wall

8

a

of the through hole

8

. Under the turning force, the engaging member

10

is held in the engaged state.

With the lever

11

abutting the one side wall of the through hole

8

, it is of such a length as to be received in the recesses

7

formed in the two sides of the lower positioning protrusion

3

.

The container coupling device shown by the embodiment is structured as described above. In positioning the vertically stacked containers C

1

and C

2

, the container coupling device is firstly mounted to the bottom corner fitting A

1

of the upper container C

1

to be stacked. In mounting, the rotary shaft

9

is turned against the resilience of the spring

12

by pushing the lever

11

to bring the engaging member

10

into the released state in which it is received within the outer periphery of the upper positioning protrusion

2

. Then the upper positioning protrusion

2

is inserted into the engaging hole a

1

of the bottom corner fitting A

1

of the upper container C

1

. With the flange

1

abutting the bottom corner fitting A

1

, the pressure on the lever

11

is released.

With the release of pressure on the lever

11

, under the resilience of the spring

12

, the rotary shaft

9

will turn in such a direction that the lever

11

abuts the one side wall

8

a

of the through hole

8

. The rotation of the rotary shaft

9

brings the engaging member

10

into the engaged state with both ends of the engaging member

10

engaging the peripheral edge of the engaging hole a

1

, so that the container coupling device is mounted to the bottom corner fitting A

1

of the upper container C

1

.

After mounting the container coupling device, the upper container C

1

is loaded onto the lower container C

2

, which has been loaded beforehand on a ship, by inserting the lower positioning protrusion

3

into the engaging hole a

2

in the top corner fitting A

2

of the lower container C

2

.

With the upper and lower containers C

1

and C

2

coupled, since the upper and lower positioning protrusions

2

and

3

of the container coupling device are engaged in the engaging hole a

1

of the bottom corner fitting A

1

and the engaging hole a

2

of the top corner fitting A

2

, respectively, displacement of the upper and lower containers C

1

and C

2

in any direction is prevented.

If the upper container C

1

inclines due e.g. to rolling of the ship, a load will act on the upper positioning protrusion

2

. At this time, since the upper positioning protrusion

2

is integral with the flange

1

, the load applied by inclination of the upper container C

1

is sufficiently borne by the upper positioning protrusion

2

. Thus, there is no fear that the container coupling device will break.

As shown above, by imparting the resilient force of the spring

12

to the rotary shaft

9

in such a direction that the engaging member

10

engages, when the upper positioning protrusion

2

is inserted into the engaging hole a

1

of the bottom corner fitting A

1

and the pressure on the lever

11

is released, the resilient force of the spring

12

will turn the engaging member

10

in such a direction that its two ends engage the peripheral edge of the engaging hole a

1

. Thus it is possible to mount the container coupling device to the bottom corner fitting A

1

in a short time.

Also, by providing the recesses

7

in which the lever

11

is received in the side faces of the lower positioning protrusion

3

, during transfer such as stacking of the upper container C

1

, the lever

11

will not be pivoted by abutting an obstacle. Thus it is possible to prevent the rotary shaft

9

from being pivoted in such a direction that engagement is released. Thus, it is possible to reliably retain the container coupling device in an engaged state relative to the bottom corner fitting of the upper container C

1

and thus to prevent danger due to a fall. Also, there will be no trouble in inserting and pulling of the lower positioning protrusion

3

into and out of the engaging hole a

2

of the top corner fitting A

2

of the lower container C

2

.

The mounting position of the lever

11

of the rotary shaft

9

is not limited to the position in this embodiment. For example, a lever inserting hole communicating with the hole

5

may be formed in one side of the outer periphery of the flange

1

to receive the lever

11

.

FIG. 5

shows another embodiment of the container coupling device according to this invention. In this embodiment, a projection

13

projecting into the through hole

8

is formed on the bottom surface of the flange

1

. The bottom end face of the projection

13

is an inclined surface

14

. A compression coil spring

15

is mounted in the through hole

8

to bias the rotary shaft

9

upwardly, thereby pressing the lever

11

on the rotary shaft

9

against the inclined surface

14

.

Other structures are the same as those of the container coupling device shown in FIG.

1

. Thus for the same parts, the same symbols are attached and their description is omitted.

In the container coupling device having the above structure, when the lever

11

is pivoted in such a direction as to abut the other side wall

8

b

of the through hole

8

, since the lever moves along the inclined surface

14

of the projection

13

, the rotary shaft

9

is lowered while being rotated. When the lever

11

abuts the other side wall of the through hole

8

, the engaging member

10

is held in the released state in which it is received within the outer periphery of the upper positioning protrusion

2

.

After the engaging member

10

has been brought into the released state, when the turning force on the lever

11

is released, the rotary shaft

9

will rotate back under the biasing force of the compression coil spring

15

. Thus the engaging member

10

will move back to the engaged state in which the two ends thereof protrude outwardly from the two sides of the upper positioning protrusion

2

.

In the engaged state of the engaging member

10

, a gap is formed between the engaging member

10

and the top surface of the upper positioning protrusion

2

. Thus, although within the range that the gap allows, the upper container C

1

and the container coupling device can move relative to each other, since both ends of the engaging member

10

protrude outwardly from both sides of the upper positioning protrusion

2

, the engaging member

10

will never come out of the engaging hole a

1

.

As described above, because the compression coil spring

15

is provided to press the lever

11

against the inclined surface

14

of the projection

13

by pushing the rotary shaft

9

up into the through hole

8

, it is possible to assemble the container coupling device by mounting the compression coil spring

15

in the through hole

8

, inserting the rotary shaft

9

from the top of the hole

5

, and inserting the lever

11

into the lever-inserting hole

9

a

formed in the rotary shaft

9

. Thus, assembly is easy.

As described above, according to this invention, by providing the upper positioning protrusion integral with the flange, it is possible for the device to bear a load due to inclination of the upper container on the upper positioning protrusion. Thus the container coupling device is less likely to break and superior in durability.

Also, since the spring for imparting a turning force to the rotary shaft in such a direction that the engaging member engages is provided, by inserting the upper positioning protrusion into the engaging hole of the bottom corner fitting of the upper container and releasing the force for turning the rotary shaft, the engaging member turns in the engaging direction so that both ends thereof engage the peripheral edge of the engaging hole. Thus, it is possible to easily and reliably mount the container coupling device to the bottom corner fitting.

Further, since the recesses for receiving the lever for turning the rotary shaft are formed in the sides of the lower positioning protrusion, it is possible to prevent the engaging member from turning in such a direction that engagement is released due to hitting of the lever against an obstacle during transfer of the upper container. Thus, it is possible to prevent danger due to a fall of the container coupling device and thus to improve safety.

Claims

1. A container coupling device comprising: a flange having top and bottom surfaces and being adapted to be arranged between upper and lower containers; upper and lower positioning protrusions integrally provided on said top and bottom surfaces of said flange, respectively, and adapted to be inserted into engaging holes formed in opposing parts of the upper and lower containers for preventing displacement of the upper and lower containers, said upper positioning protrusion having two sides, a top surface and a downwardly extending hole formed in said top surface of said upper positioning protrusion; a rotary shaft inserted in said downwardly extending hole and rotatably supported; an engaging member having two ends and being provided on a top end of said rotary shaft so as to be engageable and disengageable relative to the engaging hole of the upper container; and a turning amount limiting mechanism for allowing said rotary shaft to rotate between an engaged position in which said two ends of said engaging member protrude outwardly from said two sides of said upper positioning protrusion and a disengaged position in which said engaging member is entirely received within an outer periphery of said upper positioning protrusion; wherein said turning amount limiting mechanism comprises a through hole formed in said lower positioning protrusion so as to communicate with said downwardly extending hole, and a lever mounted to said rotary shaft at a position opposite said through hole, to thereby limit a rotation amount of said rotary shaft by abutment of said lever on inner peripheral sides of said through hole.
2. A container coupling device as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a spring for imparting a turning force to said rotary shaft in such a direction as to cause said engaging member to engage a peripheral edge of the engaging hole of the upper container.
3. A container coupling device as claimed in claim 1, wherein said lower positioning protrusion is formed with recesses in sides thereof to accommodate said lever.
4. A container coupling device as claimed in claim 1, wherein said downwardly extending hole has an upper end opening through said top surface of said upper positioning projection, and a lower end terminating at a position spaced above a bottom of said lower positioning projection.
5. A container coupling device comprising: a flange having top and bottom surfaces and being adapted to be arranged between upper and lower containers; upper and lower positioning protrusions integrally provided on said top and bottom surfaces of said flange, respectively, and adapted to be inserted into engaging holes formed in opposing parts of the upper and lower containers for preventing displacement of the upper and lower containers, said upper positioning protrusion having two sides, a top surface and a downwardly extending hole formed in said top surface of said upper positioning protrusion; a rotary shaft inserted in said downwardly extending hole and rotatably supported; an engaging member having two ends and being provided on a top end of said rotary shaft so as to be engageable and disengageable relative to the engaging hole of the upper container; and a turning amount limiting mechanism for allowing said rotary shaft to rotate between an engaged position in which said two ends of said engaging member protrude outwardly from said two sides of said upper positioning protrusion and a disengaged position in which said engaging member is entirely received within an outer periphery of said upper positioning protrusion; wherein a bottom end of said rotary shaft is devoid of any engaging member that is fixed for rotation with said rotary shaft so as to be rotatable to an engaging position at which ends thereof protrude outwardly from sides of said lower positioning protrusion.
6. A container coupling device as claimed in claim 5, wherein said turning amount limiting mechanism comprises a through hole formed in said lower positioning protrusion so as to communicate with said downwardly extending hole, and a lever mounted to said rotary shaft at a position opposite said through hole, to thereby limit a rotation amount of said rotary shaft by abutment of said lever on inner peripheral sides of said through hole.
7. A container coupling device as claimed in claim 5, wherein said downwardly extending hole has an upper end opening through said top surface of said upper positioning projection, and a lower end terminating at a position spaced above a bottom of said lower positioning projection.
8. A container coupling device as claimed in claim 5, further comprising a spring for imparting a turning force to said rotary shaft in such a direction as to cause said engaging member to engage a peripheral edge of the engaging hole of the upper container.
9. A container coupling device as claimed in claim 5, wherein said lower positioning protrusion is formed with recesses in sides thereof to accommodate said lever.
10. A container coupling device comprising: a flange having top and bottom surfaces and being adapted to be arranged between upper and lower containers; upper and lower positioning protrusions integrally provided on said top and bottom surfaces of said flange, respectively, and adapted to be inserted into engaging holes formed in opposing parts of the upper and lower containers for preventing displacement of the upper and lower containers, said upper positioning protrusion having two sides, a top surface and a downwardly extending hole formed in said top surface of said upper positioning protrusion; a rotary shaft inserted in said downwardly extending hole and rotatably supported; an engaging member having two ends and being provided on a top end of said rotary shaft so as to be engageable and disengageable relative to the engaging hole of the upper container; and a turning amount limiting mechanism for allowing said rotary shaft to rotate between an engaged position in which said two ends of said engaging member protrude outwardly from said two sides of said upper positioning protrusion and a disengaged position in which said engaging member is entirely received within an outer periphery of said upper positioning protrusion; wherein said turning amount limiting mechanism comprises a lever extending outwardly from said rotary shaft; and wherein said lever is arranged such that, when said upper and lower positioning protrusions are respectively engaged in the engaging holes of the upper and lower containers, said lever is inaccessible outside of the engaging holes.
11. A container coupling device as claimed in claim 10, wherein said downwardly extending hole has an upper end opening through said top surface of said upper positioning projection, and a lower end terminating at a position spaced above a bottom of said lower positioning projection.
12. A container coupling device as claimed in claim 10, further comprising a spring for imparting a turning force to said rotary shaft in such a direction as to cause said engaging member to engage a peripheral edge of the engaging hole of the upper container.
13. A container coupling device as claimed in claim 10, wherein said lower positioning protrusion is formed with recesses in sides thereof to accommodate said lever.
14. A container coupling device as claimed in claim 10, wherein said turning amount limiting mechanism comprises a through hole formed in said lower positioning protrusion so as to communicate with said downwardly extending hole, and a lever mounted to said rotary shaft at a position opposite said through hole, to thereby limit a rotation amount of said rotary shaft by abutment of said lever on inner peripheral sides of said through hole.

US Referenced Citations (7)

Number	Name	Date	Kind
3753272	Laidley	Aug 1973	A
3894493	Strecker	Jul 1975	A
4212251	DiMartino	Jul 1980	A
4626155	Hlinsky et al.	Dec 1986	A
5062752	Takaguchi	Nov 1991	A
5160224	Schwiebert	Nov 1992	A
6074142	Schulz	Jun 2000	A

Container coupling device

Information

Patent Number

Date Filed

Date Issued

Inventors

Original Assignees

Examiners

Agents

CPC

US Classifications

Field of Search

US

International Classifications

Abstract

Description

Claims

US Referenced Citations (7)