This application is the National Stage of International Application No. PCT/EP2009/008955, filed on Dec. 15, 2009, which claims the priority of German Patent Application No. 10 2009 005 181.3, filed on Jan. 15, 2009. The contents of both applications are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety.
This disclosure relates to container treatment machines.
Containers in the context of the invention are containers or container-like packaging means of all kinds of the type used for packing products, e.g. beverages, foods, cosmetics, drugs etc. Containers in the context of the present invention therefore particularly include bottles, cans or other bottle-like or can-like containers made from very diverse materials, e.g. metal, glass or plastic, for example PET.
Container treatment machines and those comprising a rotary are particularly also known as labelling machines of very diverse construction. Inspection machines wherein the containers are for example, optically examined for damage and/or impurities are also known as rotary container treatment machines.
Known rotary container treatment machines comprise inter alia a carrousel or rotor which can be driven to rotate about a vertical machine axis, and which on at least one (first) rotor element configures a plurality of container carriers, for example in the form of container plates, which can e.g. be rotated or swivelled under control, and at least one further (second) rotor element permanently connected to the first rotor element and comprising a plurality of function elements e.g. in the form of clamping and/or centering elements each assigned to one container carrier, whereby the said elements can be displaced in a controlled manner by a cam on a section of a machine frame that does not rotate with the rotor (carrier element as lift cam carrier), for example are movable up and down through a predefined vertical lift, i.e. parallel to the machine axis.
Particularly when the container treatment machine is embodied as a labelling machine, the containers to be treated, i.e. labelled, are fed sequentially via a container inlet to the treatment stations or treatment positions each configured on the rotor of a container carrier and clamping and/or centering element (e.g. centering tulip), whereby the clamping and/or centering element concerned is lowered in a controlled way onto the top or head of a container at the moment when the container is transferred to a treatment position, such that for the treatment, the container is centered with its vertical container axis relative to the container carrier or the latter's axis and held clamped between the container carrier and the clamping and/or centering element. The containers are treated during the rotary motion within the angular range between the container inlet and the container outlet. At the container outlet, the clamping and/or centering element concerned is lifted off each container with the lifting cam and the container is then taken off or removed from the treatment position concerned.
With known container treatment machines the raising and lowering of the clamping and/or centering elements or centering tulips is effected by fixed-position curved paths or cams into which control rollers on the clamping and/or centering elements rotating with the rotor engage. When being clamped at the treatment position, each clamping and/or centering element is pressed on the container concerned by the force of a pre-tensioned spring with a closing force or head force which is determined inter alia by the spring constant of the compression springs which are used and by the container height such that a clamping force which is dependent on the container height is obtained, i.e. in particular a clamping force dependent on dimensional and manufacturing tolerances of the containers. The compression springs which are used, or their spring constants, are usually selected so that even containers with a low container height are clamped with force sufficient to securely hold these containers at the treatment positions even at high speed of the rotor and high angular accelerations and to press them against the respective container carrier with sufficient firmness.
During labelling and/or aligning or centering, each container is subjected inter alia to considerable angular accelerations and resulting acceleration forces which it can only withstand if pressed with sufficient force against the container carrier concerned. The container carriers are preferably rotatable or pivotable under control in order to respectively rotate or swivel the container concerned during the treatment, e.g. during labelling. For a reliable transmission of this controlled rotary motion to the container, the container carriers are preferably equipped with a friction lining, in addition to the quality of the friction lining the force by which the container is clamped between the clamping and/or centering element and the container carrier is essential for the reliable entrainment and rotary and swivelling motion of the container.
The usual clamping or closing force ranges from 120-250 N. Although containers which are common today, particularly normal containers made from glass, are able easily to withstand these forces. For reasons of material savings and cost savings there are constant endeavours on the part of drinks' manufacturers and others to further reduce the weight of the containers, leading to the necessity of containers with reduced wall thickness and/or strength.
The object of the invention is to provide a container treatment machine, particularly a labelling machine, which makes it possible to control or regulate the closing force with which the particular centering or clamping element is in contact against a container as accurately as possible and irrespective of tolerances, especially in container height.
In the present invention, the clamping and/or centering units are each equipped with independent actuating elements that allow, including in particular by force-control, an individual actuation of the clamping and/or centering units and hence of the clamping and/or clamping and/or centering elements thereon such that an exactly preselected, e.g. a maximum permissible, closing force is applied on the particular container with the clamping and/or centering element lowered onto the container and without dimensional tolerances or variations in the container creating a risk of damage or container breakage by a maximum permissible closing force being exceeded.
The use of independently controllable actuating elements, i.e. which independently execute the lifting motions of the clamping and/or centering elements, can obviate the need for the extremely cost-intensive lifting cam of the type usually found in conventional treatment machines, and particularly conventional labelling machines. The overall construction of a container treatment machine can also be significantly simplified as a result.
Further embodiments, advantages and possible applications of the invention arise out of the following description of embodiments and out of the figures. All of the described and/or pictorially represented attributes whether alone or in any desired combination are fundamentally the subject matter of the invention independently of their synopsis in the claims or their cross-references. The content of the claims also forms an integral part of the description.
The invention is explained in detail below through the use of embodiment examples with reference to the figures. In the figures:
In the figures, 1 is a container treatment machine in the form of a labelling machine for labelling containers in the form of bottles 2. Treatment machine 1 comprises—in a manner which is in itself known—a rotor 3 which can be driven to rotate about a vertical machine axis MA (arrow A) and on whose rotor element 3.1 are disposed a plurality of treatment positions 4 offset at equal angular distances about the machine axis, each consisting of a rotary or bottle plate 5 forming a base for the bottles 2 and of a clamping and/or centering unit 6 arranged above bottle plate 5 with clamping and/or centering element 7 in the form of a centering tulip.
Bottles 2 are fed standing upright to treatment machine 1 by an external conveyor 7 (arrow B in
The application of labels 11 to bottles 2 can of course also be effected in other ways, for example by transferring glued labels 11 to bottles 2 and by pressing on the labels with the use of pressing elements and/or brushes which are provided in direction of rotation A following labelling unit 10, again preferentially during the controlled rotation and/or swivelling of the respective bottle 2 about axis FA of associated bottle plate 5. The rotating or swivelling of bottle plate 5 is effected for example by at least one control cam or at least one drive, for example by a drive common to all bottle plates 5, or by drives provided for groups of bottle plates 5 or for each bottle plate 5 separately. Bottle plates 5 are advantageously provided with at least one friction lining on their upper face.
After the raising of clamping and/or centering units 6 or clamping and/or centering elements 7, bottles 2 provided with labels 11 are removed from individual treatment positions 4 at a container outlet 12 formed by a transport star, and passed to an external conveyor 13 which conveys the labelled bottles 2 to a further use (arrow C in
One particularity of treatment machine 1 is that for the upward and downward motion (double arrow D) of clamping and/or centering units 6 with the clamping and/or centering elements 7 in axis FA, an autonomous actuating element 14, e.g. in the form of a pneumatic, hydraulic, electric, electromotive or electromagnetic actuator, is provided for each clamping and/or centering unit 6. These actuators can be e.g. at least one pneumatic or hydraulic cylinder or an electromotive motion gear or an electromagnetic linear drive or an electromagnetic lifting element. Actuating elements 14 are provided on a common rotor element 3.2, configured for example as a disc, which is mechanically connected for example to the rest of rotor 3 and rotates together with it.
Basically however it is also possible for rotor element 3.2 to be supported rotatably about machine axis MA on a machine frame independently of the rest of rotor 3, and in particular independently of rotor element 3.1 exhibiting bottle plates 5 or other bottle or container carriers. Rotor element 3.1 and rotor element 3.2 can then each be driven synchronously and in the same direction by autonomous drives or by a common drive, i.e. particularly also with exact angular timing and with the same angular velocity, whereby in the case of a common drive, rotor elements 3.1 and 3.2 are connected by this common drive for driving purposes only.
Actuating elements 14 are individually controllable, particularly in a manner in which clamping and/or centering elements 7 lie against the head of the respective bottle 2 under force-control, i.e. with a predetermined optimally selected closing force which on the one hand provides sufficiently strong tensioning of bottles 2 between clamping and/or centering unit 6 or clamping and/or centering element 7 and bottle plate 5 as is necessary inter alia for the controlled rotation and swivelling of bottles 2 with actuator motors 15 about respective axis FA and for the secure gripping of bottles 2, while on the other hand reliably avoiding the destruction or unacceptable distortion of bottles 2, including in particular bottles made from plastic, for example PET.
Bottle plates 5 are for example mounted free to rotate about axis FA on rotor element 3.2. It is however fundamentally possible to also provide a for example autonomous drive for bottle plates 5 with which each bottle plate 5 is rotated or swivelled synchronously with the rotational motion of actuator motor 15 during the controlled rotation or swivelling of bottle 2 about axis FA.
The force control, i.e. the control or regulation of the closing force with which clamping and/or centering elements 7 lie against respective bottles 2, can be realised in very diverse ways, for example taking account of and/or controlling and/or regulating the pneumatic or hydraulic pressure in case of pneumatic or hydraulic actuating elements 14, in case of electric actuating elements 14 taking account of and/or controlling and/or regulating the voltage and/or electric current for actuating elements 14, and/or by way of sensor devices which capture the force that is applied to the particular bottle 2 by the clamping and/or centering units 6.
The closing force with which clamping and/or centering unit 6 or its clamping and/or centering element 7 (centering tulip) lies against the respective bottle 2 is for example 120 to 270 N, preferably about 160 N.
The particular centering and clamping element 7a is provided at the lower tapering end 18 of shaft 17a which corresponds to shaft 17 in such a way that the centering and clamping element 7a can be displaced axially by a certain travel on shaft 17a but rotates with shaft 17a.
Each centering and clamping element 7a consists essentially of two flexibly interconnected clamping jaws 19 which are interconnected by a pivot 20 and which with lower clamping jaw sections 19.1 together form a holder 21 that is open on the underside of centering and clamping element 7a that faces bottle plate 5 (not shown), and serves to clamp and grip the particular bottle 2 by its head. Upper clamping jaw sections 19.2 interact with the tapered surface of shaft end 18.
Spring means (not shown) pre-tension the particular centering and clamping element 7a in the open position of holder 21 such that during the controlled lowering of clamping and/or centering unit 6a onto a bottle 2, the bottle head is initially received in the open holder 21 which centers bottle 2 relative to axis FA, and then during the continued lowering of the clamping and/or centering unit 6a over the tapered surface of shaft end 18, the centering and clamping element 7a or its holder 21 is closed so as to tightly clamp the bottle head. The particular bottle 2 is then held on shaft 17a by clamping, and in this condition can be rotated under control about axis FA with the actuator motor of the clamping and/or centering unit 6a.
When clamping and/or centering unit 6a is used, the closing force with which it or its centering and clamping elements 7a lie against the head of bottle 2 is also controlled or regulated to achieve optimum conditions, once again by the corresponding individual operation of associated actuating elements 14. However the use of the clamping and/or centering units 6a equipped with centering and clamping elements 7a has the additional advantage that significantly reduced closing forces can be selected, for example in the range of about just 60 N or less.
The use of centering and clamping elements 7a is particularly advantageous with containers or bottles 2 that are manufactured from plastic, for example PET, by stretch blow moulding or stretch blowing, because containers of such type have a greater wall thickness in the head region and so the containers or bottles 2 can be safely gripped by the centering or clamping elements 7a.
The invention has been described hereinbefore by reference to embodiments. It goes without saying that numerous variations as well as modifications are possible without departing from the inventive concept underlying the invention.
As already explained, the term container treatment machine also refers to rotary-type inspection machines within the scope of the present invention. With these inspection machines the containers or bottles 2 are fed to or removed from rotor 3 in a manner similar to a labelling machine. When the containers or bottles 2 are subsequently at their treatment position, they are also secured in the correct attitude at the treatment positions by clamping or centering units 6, 6a or centering and clamping elements 7, 7a.
During the rotary motion of rotor 3 the containers or bottles 2 are then moved past at least one inspection device which inspects the containers or bottles 2 in an appropriate manner. The inspection may involve an optical examination, for example. It may equally involve an X-ray, ultrasonic, temperature or other examination however.
Within the Applicant's company, the keyword “automatic centering tulip” has been coined for the present innovation.
Number | Date | Country | Kind |
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10 2009 005 181 | Jan 2009 | DE | national |
Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind | 371c Date |
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PCT/EP2009/008955 | 12/15/2009 | WO | 00 | 5/24/2011 |
Publishing Document | Publishing Date | Country | Kind |
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WO2010/081516 | 7/22/2010 | WO | A |
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