This application relates to containment vessels and methods for stowing high energy density devices.
There are circumstances in which it is desirable to protect a surrounding area from a high energy density device by suppression of an associated high-pressure wave and fragmentation.
In a gas-sealed containment vessel, a challenging aspect is accommodating for stresses caused by containment of a high-pressure wave emanating from a high energy density device, thereby necessitating a heavy structure for the containment vessel.
Robotic devices are becoming a common tool for handling high energy density devices. In order to minimize design constraints for the robot, the containment vessel used for stowing the high energy density device should be as small and light as possible, and the means for closing the containment vessel should be simple.
Accordingly, those skilled in the art continue with research and development efforts in the field of containment vessels and methods for stowing high energy density devices.
In one embodiment, a containment vessel for stowing a high energy density device therein includes a housing, a plurality of discs, and a separable collar. The housing includes a base, a sidewall enclosure extending upwardly from the base, the sidewall enclosure defining a housing cavity and an opening at a top end thereof, and a flange extending circumferentially outwardly from the sidewall enclosure. The separable collar has first, second, and third grooves on an inner circumference of the separable collar. The first groove is configured to receive the flange of the housing. The second and third grooves are configured to receive first and second of the plurality of discs.
In another embodiment, a containment vessel for stowing a high energy density device therein includes a housing, a cover, and at least a first plate. The housing includes a base and a sidewall enclosure extending upwardly from the base to define a housing cavity and an opening at a top end thereof. The sidewall enclosure has an array of ventilation holes penetrating from the housing cavity to an exterior surface of the sidewall enclosure. The cover is for covering the top end of the housing cavity. The first plate is retained in a spaced relationship over the base of the housing such that a first plurality of the ventilation holes are disposed between the base of the housing and the first plate. The first plate includes a central opening having a first predetermined area.
In yet another embodiment, a containment vessel for stowing a high energy density device therein includes a housing, a cover, and a curtain of barrier ribs. The housing includes a base and a sidewall enclosure extending upwardly from the base to define a housing cavity and an opening at a top end thereof. The sidewall enclosure has an array of ventilation holes penetrating from the housing cavity to an exterior surface of the sidewall enclosure. The cover is for covering the top end of the housing cavity. The curtain of barrier ribs is positioned along an inner circumference of the sidewall enclosure.
In yet another embodiment, a method stowing a high energy density device includes providing the containment vessel, using a robot to place a high energy density device in the housing, and using the same or another robot to join the separable collar onto the housing such that the flange is received in the first groove and the first and second discs are received in the second and third grooves.
Other embodiments of the disclosed containment vessel and method for stowing a high energy density device will become apparent from the following detailed description, the accompanying drawings and the appended claims.
As used herein, “high energy density device” broadly refers to any energy source that yields, whether by storage or generation, a relatively high amount of energy per unit volume (or mass) of the device. As one non-limiting example, the high energy density device may be an explosive device, such as an improvised explosive device that produces an associated high-pressure wave and fragmentation.
As shown in
As shown in
In an aspect, the base is solid throughout with no perforations therethrough. Accordingly, a high pressure within the housing cavity may be directed away from base and towards the sidewall enclosure.
The sidewall enclosure defines a housing cavity and an opening at a top end thereof. In an exemplary aspect, the sidewall enclosure may have the form of a hollow cylinder.
As illustrated, the sidewall enclosure 22 has an array of ventilation holes 56 penetrating from the housing cavity to an exterior surface of the sidewall enclosure. Thus, a high-pressure gas within the housing cavity may be released from the housing through the sidewall enclosure by way of the array of ventilation holes 56 while a fragmentation from a high energy density device is substantially retained in the housing cavity.
In an aspect, a plurality of the ventilation holes 56 are angled upwardly and circumferentially outwardly to induce a downward thrust on the housing when the high pressure within the housing cavity is released. For example, with reference to
In an aspect, the flange 24 is an annular flange extending circumferentially around the sidewall enclosure, and the annular flange has a uniform thickness and width. Alternatively, the flange may include a series of flange segments extending circumferentially around the sidewall enclosure, and a thickness and width of the flange may vary.
In an aspect, the housing 4 is formed from a metal or alloy. For example, the housing may be formed from steel.
The separable collar 6 includes a first collar section 30 and a second collar section 32. Each collar section has a plurality of grooves 34 on an inner circumference thereof, and each collar section has a hinged connector 36.
The plurality of grooves 34 include a lowermost groove for receiving the flange of the housing and one groove above the lowermost groove for each disc of the plurality of discs 14 that are to be received by the separable collar. In an aspect, the grooves are annular grooves extending circumferentially around the inner circumference of the separable collar, and the annular grooves have a uniform thickness and width. Alternatively, each groove may include a series of groove segments extending circumferentially around the inner circumference of the separable collar, and a thickness and width of the grooves may vary.
In an aspect, the separable collar 6 is formed from a metal or alloy. For example, the separable collar may be formed from steel.
As shown in
As shown, the plurality of plates 8 includes a first plate 40, a second plate 42, and a third plate 44. In an alternative embodiment, there may be only one plate, only two plates, or more than three plates. The plurality of plates 8 are configured to fit in the stacked configuration within the enclosure sidewall over the base of the housing.
In an aspect, each of the plates 8 has an outer circumference that is slightly less than an inner circumference of the enclosure sidewall of the housing.
As shown, each of the plates 8 has supports 46 for retaining the plates in a spaced relationship over an underlying structure, such as the base of the housing or an underlying plate. The supports may take the form of, for example, a single support structure extending along a periphery of the plate or a plurality of support structures extending along the periphery of the plate. Alternatively, the plates may be retained in a spaced relationship over an underlying structure by, for example, an independent support structure or a support structure associated with the sidewall enclosure. In an aspect, the plates are supported at the peripheral portions and otherwise unsupported to permit the plates to deform in response to a high pressure within the housing cavity.
Accordingly, when the first, second, and third plates are stacked from bottom to top, as shown in
As shown, the first, second, and third plates may each include a central opening 48 therein. In an aspect, the central opening of the first plate has a first predetermined area, the central opening of the second plate has a second predetermined area, and the central opening of the third plate has a third predetermined area, in which the second predetermined area is greater than the first predetermined area, and the third predetermined area is greater than the second predetermined area.
Accordingly, when a high pressure is released with the housing cavity, the third plate 44 deforms in response to the high pressure and redirects a portion thereof towards the ventilation holes 56, while permitting a portion of the high pressure to pass through the central opening of the third plate 44. The portion of the high pressure that passes through the central opening of the third plate 44 then deforms the second plate 42 and is directed between the second plate 42 and the third plate 44 towards the ventilation holes 54 while permitting another portion of the high pressure to pass through the central opening of the second plate 42. The portion of the high pressure that passes through the central opening of the second plate 42 then deforms the first plate 40 and is directed between the first plate 40 and the second plate 42 towards the ventilation holes 52 while permitting another portion of the high pressure to pass through the central opening of the first plate 40. The portion of the high pressure that passes through the central opening of the first plate 40 is directed between the first plate 40 and the base of the housing towards the ventilation holes 50. By this arrangement of plates and central openings, the high pressure applied to the base of the housing may be suppressed by absorbing portions of the high pressure by each of the plates. Also, an impact on the base from fragmentation of a high energy density device may be absorbed by the plates. In an aspect, plates damaged by any fragmentation could be replaced and the containment device could be reused.
In an aspect, the plurality of plates are formed from a metal or alloy. For example, the plurality of plates may be formed from steel.
With reference to
With reference to
With reference to
In an aspect, an uppermost plate of the plurality of plates 8 includes a groove form on an upper surface thereof. Accordingly, bottom portions of the barrier ribs are retained within the groove to maintain their desired positions within the housing.
The curtain of barrier ribs functions to suppress an effect of high pressure and fragmentation from a high energy density device in the cavity of the housing. In an aspect, the curtain of barrier ribs is circumferentially outwardly expendable by a deformation of the barrier ribs. Thus, the curtain of barrier ribs suppresses an effect of high pressure by deforming, elastically and/or inelastically, in response to a high pressure released within the housing cavity. Also, the curtain of barrier ribs suppresses an effect of fragmentation on the housing by absorbing an impact from a fragmentation of a high energy density device. In an aspect, barrier ribs damaged by any fragmentation could be replaced and the containment device could be reused.
With reference to
With reference to
In an aspect, the plurality of discs each define one or more apertures 88 therein, which may be included a variety of shapes and sizes. In an aspect, each aperture of the plurality of discs is overlapped by a non-apertured region of another of the plurality of discs. By this arrangement of apertures and non-apertured regions, when the discs are positioned in a stacked arrangement, a high-pressure gas within the housing cavity may be released from the housing through the apertures in the plurality of discs, and the gas must follow a non-straight (torturous) path to exit the housing. Thus, an effect of fragmentation from a high energy density device is substantially retained in the housing cavity. In an aspect, any discs damaged by any fragmentation could be replaced and the containment device could be reused.
With reference to
As shown, the containment vessel may further include a deflection cap 16 secured over the one or more apertures of the uppermost of the plurality of discs by one or more fasteners 18. As illustrated, the fourth disc 86 includes only one central aperture 88 underneath the deflection cap 16. By way of this arrangement of the final aperture 88 and the deflection cap 16, the high pressure exits the housing in an outward direction to avoid inducing a thrust on the containment vessel. Further, any fragmentation that remains after passing through the discs contacts the deflection cap upon exiting the final aperture.
With reference to
In an aspect, one section of the separable collar that is pre-assembled with the discs is maintained in an open position, and the other section of the separable collar is closed onto the housing in the closed position. Thus, once the high energy device is stowed in the containment vessel, only the open section of the separable collar pre-assembled with the discs is closed to secure the containment vessel.
Aspects of the present description provide a containment vessel comprising a perforated containment vessel encapsulated at an open end with a hinged lid, wherein, the blast containment device comprises a plurality of suppressor features to contain fragments and or control over-pressure (e.g., in the event of a detonation of a high energy density device).
Aspects of the present description provide for compact containment vessel having suppressive features capable of capturing shrapnel and other fragmentation while maintaining suitable pressures during a blast.
Aspects of the present description provide for a containment vessel having a perforated housing having a longitudinal axis and an aperture at one end and configured to engage a separable hinged cap to cover the aperture at the one end.
Aspects of the present description provide for a hinged cap coupling to a plurality of discs, the discs positioned away from each other having relative spacing such that a gap exists between each of the discs, and the discs each have at least one aperture and wherein the aperture of each disc is positioned such that the openings of the apertures do not intersect about their respective peripheral edges.
Aspects of the present description provide for the perforated housing comprising a plurality of apertures each having an angled position such that the angle is 70 to 89 degrees (e.g., 80 to 85 degrees) from the longitudinal axis.
Aspects of the present description provide for a barrier in the form of a spring shield formed using aligned spring ribs such that the ribs surround an inner surface of the housing, and wherein the springs are supported and secured by a plurality of lower plates, the lower plates having standoff supports to position the lower plates away from the base of the housing and each having an aperture at the center of each plate.
Examples of the disclosed containment vessel 2 and method for stowing a high energy device may be described in the context of an aircraft manufacturing and service method 400, as shown in
Each of the processes of method 400 may be performed or carried out by a system integrator, a third party, and/or an operator (e.g., a customer). For the purposes of this description, a system integrator may include without limitation any number of aircraft manufacturers and major-system subcontractors; a third party may include without limitation any number of venders, subcontractors, and suppliers; and an operator may be an airline, leasing company, military entity, service organization, and so on.
As shown in
The disclosed containment vessel 2 and method for stowing a high energy device may be employed during any one or more of the stages of the aircraft manufacturing and service method 400. For example, components or subassemblies corresponding to component/subassembly manufacturing 408, system integration 410, and or maintenance and service 416 may be fabricated or manufactured using the disclosed containment vessel. Also, one or more apparatus examples, method examples, or a combination thereof may be utilized during component/subassembly manufacturing 408 and/or system integration 410, for example, by substantially expediting assembly of or reducing the cost of an aircraft 402, such as the airframe 418 and/or the interior 422. Similarly, one or more of system examples, method examples, or a combination thereof may be utilized while the aircraft 402 is in service, for example and without limitation, to maintenance and service 416.
The disclosed containment vessel and method for stowing a high energy device are described in the context of an aircraft; however, one of ordinary skill in the art will readily recognize that the disclosed service system may be utilized for a variety of different components for a variety of different types of vehicles. As one example, implementations of the embodiments described herein may be implemented in any type of vehicle including, e.g., helicopters, passenger ships, automobiles and the like. As another example, the disclosed containment vessel and method may be used for stowing a high energy device, such as an explosive device.
Although various embodiments of the disclosed containment vessel and method for stowing a high energy density device have been shown and described, modifications may occur to those skilled in the art upon reading the specification. The present application includes such modifications and is limited only by the scope of the claims.
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Number | Date | Country | |
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20190277611 A1 | Sep 2019 | US |