The present disclosure relates to the field of ballast, and in particular to a control method and a control circuit of an electronic ballast of a high pressure gas discharge lamp (HID).
At present, there are more and more applications of electronic ballasts, including electronic ballasts for high pressure gas discharge lamp (HID) in the field of lighting. The core of an electronic ballast is an inverter consisting of a semiconductor full bridge (FB) circuit with four semiconductor switches S1/S2/S3/S4. The on/off control of the four semiconductor switches S1/S2/S3/S4 of the inverter realizes the conversion of DC into AC at both sides of a high pressure gas discharge lamp (HID).
In practice, a controller generates FWM signals to control the on/off of the four semiconductor switches S1/S2/S3/S4 in a certain time sequence.
During the rated operation, the voltage amplitude shall be equal to the discharge voltage UD of the lamp. If the combustion voltage U is higher than the discharge voltage UD, nearly no UV power is generated, and energy is lost by heating.
As shown in
There are two preferable control methods for an electronic ballast unit. The control variable is UV power, in order to reduce the UV power, the current drops to Ikmin iand remains at this level. Thereafter, the voltage amplitude increases until a desired UV power is achieved. With the increase of the voltage amplitude, the pulse width is reduced until reaching PWmin. In this way, part of the energy is used to heat the cathode, which extends the life of the UV lamp without the need of additional heat sources.
However, a control circuit to realize such a control mode is very complex, which is not suitable for a high pressure gas discharge lamp (HID).
Since the existing control process of an electronic ballast is complicated and cannot meet the needs of users, a control method and a control circuit of an electronic ballast of a high pressure gas discharge lamp (HID) are provided in the present disclosure.
The technical solution adopted by the present disclosure to achieve the technical objectives is: a control method of an electronic ballast of a gas discharge lamp (HID), to generate PWM signals for controlling a left upper arm switch S1, a right upper arm switch S2, a left lower arm switch S3 and a right lower arm switch S4 of the ballast, wherein the gas discharge lamp (HID) is disposed between a connection point of a left upper arm and a left lower arm and a connection point of a right upper arm and a right lower arm
wherein during a normal operation of the electronic ballast, an operation of a controller comprises following steps:
S1: generating the PWM signals; wherein the controller generates a. PWM1. signal for controlling on/oft' of the left upper arm switch S1, a PWM2 signal for controlling on/off of the right upper arm switch S2, a PWM3 signal for controlling on/off of the left lower arm switch S3, and a PWM4 signal for controlling on/off of the right lower arm switch S4; the PWM1 signal and the PWM3 signal are low frequency signals and have an identical frequency and an opposite phase, the PWM2 signal and the PWM4 signal are high frequency signals;
S2: controlling to filter an electrical signal input to the gas discharge lamp (HID);p
S3: detecting a current input into the gas discharge lamp (HID); and
S4: adjusting duty ratios of the PWM2 signal and the PWM4 signal; wherein, if the current input into the gas discharge lamp (HID) is detected to be greater than a set normal value, the duty ratios of the PWM2 signal and the PWM4 signal are reduced, and if the current input into the gas discharge lamp (HID) is detected to be less than the set normal value, the duty ratios of the PWM2 signal and the PWM4 signal are increased; if the current input into the gas discharge lamp (HID) is detected to be greater than a set maximum value, the left upper arm switch S1, the right upper arm switch S2, the left lower arm switch S3 and the right lower arm switch S4 are all disconnected.
In a control method of an electronic ballast provided in the present disclosure, the duty ratios of PWM signals for controlling lower arms of a semiconductor full bridge circuit are changed according to a power consumption of a gas discharge lamp (HID) to control the power consumption of the gas discharge lamp (HID).
Further, before S1 of the control method of the electronic ballast of the gas discharge lamp (HID), the control method also comprises:
S0: a step of starting-up, wherein the controller generates a high frequency PWMOI signal for controlling the left upper arm switch S1 and the right lower arm switch S4 to be connected simultaneously or disconnected simultaneously, and a high frequency PWM02 signal for controlling the right upper arm switch S2 and the left lower arm switch S3 to be connected simultaneously or disconnected. simultaneously, the PWM01 signal and the PWM02 signal have an identical frequency and a phase difference of 180°.
Further, in the above control method of the electronic ballast of the gas discharge lamp (HID), duty ratios of the PWM01 signal and the PWM02 signal are 50%.
Further, in the above control method of the electronic ballast of the gas discharge lamp (HID), the PWM01 signal and the PWM02 signal, and the PWM2 signal and the PWM4 signal have an identical frequency.
Further, in the control method of the electronic ballast of the gas discharge lamp (HID), frequencies of the PWM1 signal and the PWM3 signal are within 100 Hz, and frequencies of the FWM2 signal and the PWM4 signal are between 10 kHz and 100 kHz.
Also provided in the present disclosure is a control circuit of an electronic 2.5 ballast of a gas discharge lamp (HID), comprising a semiconductor full bridge circuit having the left upper arm switch S1, the right upper arm switch S2, the left lower arm switch S3 and the right lower arm switch S4 and a controller; wherein the gas discharge lamp (HID) is disposed between a connection point of a left upper arm and a left lower arm and a connection point of a right upper arm and a right lower arm;
wherein the controller comprises:
a PWM signal generation unit for generating the PWM1 signal for controlling on/off of the left upper arm switch S1, the PWM2 signal for controlling on/off of the right upper arm switch S2, the PWM3 signal for controlling on/off of the left lower arm switch S3, and the PWM4 signal for controlling on/off of the right lower arm switch S4 from the controller;
a unit for generating a control signal for controlling whether a high frequency filtering capacitor C2 is added to both ends of the gas discharge lamp (HID);
a collection unit for collecting an output of a detection circuit for detecting a current input into the gas discharge lamp (HID), and
a unit for determining and setting the duty ratios of the PWM2 signal and the PWM4
In the present disclosure, a controller generates different PWM signals according to a detection of a power consumption of a gas discharge lamp (HID), so as to stabilize the power consumption of the gas discharge lamp (HID).
Further, in the above control circuit, the controller further comprises a high frequency PWM signal generator for generating a high frequency PWM01 signal for controlling the left upper arm switch S1 and the right lower arm switch S4 to be connected simultaneously or disconnected simultaneously, and a high frequency PWM02 signal for controlling the right upper arm switch S2 and the left lower arm switch S3 to be connected simultaneously or disconnected simultaneously.
Further, in the above control circuit, duty ratios of the PWM01 signal and. the PWM02 signal are 50%.
Further, in the above control circuit, the PWM01 signal and the PWM02 signal, and the PWM2 signal and the PWM4 signal have an identical frequency.
Further in the above control circuit, frequencies of the PWM1 signal and the PWM3 signal are within 100 Hz, and frequencies of the PWM2 signal and the PWM4 signal are between 10 kHz and 100 kHz.
A further explanation of the present disclosure with reference to drawings and specific embodiments is provided as follows.
Example 1, as shown in
In the present example, after a 220 V AC commercial power is rectified by a PFC circuit, a 400 V DC is formed after being filtered in PFC, and then enters a semiconductor full bridge circuit consisting of four semiconductor switches S1/S2/53/S4 to invert and form a high frequency alternating current, which enters a gas discharge lamp (HID). In the present example, a controller is used to control on/off of the four semiconductor switches S1/S2/S3/S4 according to a time sequence shown in
In the present example, a time sequence adopted by the controller to control S1/S2/S3/S4 is shown in
The controller generates a PWM1 signal for controlling on/off of the left upper arm switch S1, a PWM2 signal for controlling on/off of the right upper arm switch S2, a PWM3 signal for controlling on/off of the left lower arm switch S3, and a PWM4 signal for controlling on/off of the right lower arm switch S4. The PWM1 signal and the PWM3 signal are low frequency signals and have an identical frequency and an opposite phase. The frequencies of the PWMI signal and the PWM3 signal are generally within 100 Hz. The duty ratios of the PWMI signal and the PWM3 signal are generally 50%, which in fact can be adjusted as needed. The PWM2 signal and the PWM-1 signal are high frequency signals and generally have frequencies between 10 kHz and 100 kHz, which can be adjusted as needed in practice.
During a normal working process of the lamp, the controller also monitors the power consumption of the lamp. As shown in
S1: generating the PWM signals; wherein the controller generates a PWM1 signal for controlling on/off of the left upper arm switch S1, a PWM2 signal for controlling on/off of the right upper arm switch S2, a PWM3 signal for controlling on/off of the left lower arm switch S3, and a PWM4 signal for controlling on/off of the right lower arm switch S4; the PWM1 signal and the PWM3 signal are low frequency signals and have an identical frequency and an opposite phase, the PWM2 signal and the PWM4 signal are high frequency signals;
S2: controlling to filter an electrical signal input into the gas discharge lamp (HID);
S3: detecting a current input into the gas discharge lamp MID), and
S4: adjusting duty ratios of the PWM2 signal and the PWM4 signal; wherein if the current input into the gas discharge lamp (HID) is detected to be greater than a set normal value, the duty ratios of the PWM2 signal and the PWM4 signal are reduced, and if the current input into the gas discharge lamp (HID) is detected to be less than the set normal value, the duty ratios of the PWM2 signal and the PWM4 signal are increased; if the current input into the gas discharge lamp (HID) is detected to be greater than a set maximum value, the left upper arm switch S1, the right upper arm switch S2, the left lower arm switch S3 and the right lower arm switch S4 are all disconnected.
A control circuit of the electronic ballast of the gas discharge lamp in the present example is shown in
In the present example, a voltage value between both ends of R is detected by current and input to an inverter controller. After being processed, time sequence signals for controlling the four semiconductor switches S1/S2/S3/S4 in the semiconductor full bridge (FB) circuit are generated. In the present example, the inverter controller is an intelligent chip, which integrates internally a processor, memory, AD converter, etc. In practice, a special single chip microcomputer is widely used in the applicant's various grow lighting systems. In the present example, the four semiconductor switches S1/S2/S3/S4 can all adopt MOS transistors. D-S poles of the MOS transistors constitute one arm of the semiconductor full bridge (FB) circuit. G-poles are connected with the chip of the inverter control circuit U1, and the chip of the inverter control circuit U1 generates a signal containing alternating elements to control its disclosure. In practice, PWM signals with different frequencies and different duty ratios are produced in the controller. For example, when starting up, the controller generates a high frequency PWM01 signal for controlling the left upper arm switch S1 and the right lower are. switch S4 to be connected simultaneously or disconnected simultaneously, and a high frequency PWM02 signal for controlling the right upper arm switch S2 and the left lower arm switch S3 to be connected simultaneously or disconnected simultaneously; the PWM01 signal and the PWM02 signal have an identical frequency and a phase difference of 180°, and duty ratios of the PWM01 signal and the PWM02 signal are 50%. The two signals, PWM01 and PWM02, can be generated by a PWM signal generator with inverted phases before switching. During normal operation, the low frequency PWM1 signal and PWM3 signal are also PWM signals with the duty ratios of 50% and a phase difference of 180°, i.e. inverted phases. Therefore, a phase inverter needs to be added before the switch S1 or switch S2. In addition, the high frequency PWM2 signal and PWM4 signal with several different duty ratios can be generated by the PWM circuit. Generally, duty ratios of 30%, 20% and 10% are commonly used. Under the control of the semiconductor full bridge circuit controller, the semiconductor switch S1 and the semiconductor switch S3, and the semiconductor switch S2 and the semiconductor switch S4 complement each other to conduct during a cycle. There is a conducting phase angle between the semiconductor switch S1 and the semiconductor switch S3, and between the semiconductor switch S2 and the semiconductor switch S4. An inverter control circuit chip U1 controls an output power by adjusting the conducting phase angle to realize an active power factor compensation (APFC) function.
In the present example:
high frequency resonant trigger device has advantages of continuous high voltage and high energy density, which is suitable for triggering various sodium lamps, metal halide lamps and ceramic metal halide lamps.
An ideal working waveform of the various sodium lamps, metal halide lamps and ceramic metal halide lamps is low frequency square wave, which can eliminate acoustic resonance. Therefore, the lamp switches to work in low frequency square wave after being triggered. In the present example, a rectification and filtering are carried out before the switches S1 to S4 to form a unified high voltage DC, and a square wave can be formed through the switches S1 to S4.
A lamp selection switch is designed for the ballast. A DSP module carries out different triggering voltages, power references and open/short circuit protection references according to a lamp selected by the switch.
The electronic ballast with a novel single-stage circuit structure of the present example was used in grow lighting system, which produced good results. At present, the electronic ballast of the present example can be used with both 50 Hz and 60 Hz commercial power and a voltage of 277 240 V, 220 V, 208 V and 120 V The commercial power source is connected with the diode rectifier bridge D1. An output of the rectifier bridge D1 is filtered by the PFC circuit to form the 400 VDC, which is directly sent to the semiconductor full bridge circuit consisting of four semiconductor switches S1/S2/S3/54.
The semiconductor full bridge circuit is divided into a left bridge arm and a right bridge arm. The left bridge arm consists of the semiconductor switch S1 of the left upper bridge arm and the semiconductor switch S3 of the left lower bridge arm. The right bridge arm consists of the semiconductor switch S2 of the right upper bridge arm and the semiconductor switch S4 of the right lower bridge arm. The semiconductor switch S1 of the left upper bridge arm and the semiconductor switch S3 of the left lower bridge arm are connected with two ports of the controller, respectively, i.e. the full bridge control circuit, and are also controlled by the two ports of the controller. The semiconductor switch S2 of the right upper bridge arm and the semiconductor switch S4 of the right lower bridge arm are connected to two ports of the controller, respectively, i.e. the full bridge control circuit, and are also controlled by two ports of the controller. The semiconductor switch S1 of the left upper bridge arm and the semiconductor switch S3 of the left lower bridge arm, and the semiconductor switch S2 of the right upper bridge arm and the semiconductor switch S4 of the right lower bridge arm complement each other to conduct during a cycle. There is a conducting phase angle between the semiconductor switch 51 of the left upper bridge arm and the semiconductor switch S4 of the right lower bridge arm, and between the semiconductor switch 52 of the right upper bridge arm and the semiconductor switch 53 of the left lower bridge arm. By controlling the size of the conducting phase angle, the current sent to the gas discharge lamp is controlled to be a rated current corresponding to a rated power of the lamp, and the current flowing into the lamp is neither too large nor too small. After sampled by the current detection sampling circuit, an output signal reflecting a magnitude of the current is processed and determined in the controller (single chip microcomputer), if the signal is greater than a normal set value, the MIMI signals with relatively small duty ratios are selected to control the two switches, and if the detected signal continues to increase up to which is greater than a set maximum value, the four switches are disconnected to protect the lamp.
Number | Date | Country | Kind |
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201911117535.6 | Nov 2019 | CN | national |
Number | Date | Country | |
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Parent | PCT/CN2020/072482 | Jan 2020 | US |
Child | 17204329 | US |