Patent Grant
8930855
This application relates to the technical fields of search results display and, in one example embodiment, the control of search results with multipoint pinch gestures.
Users of the World Wide Web may typically perform a significant number of searches in pursuit of general information and online commerce. Such searches may be performed with search engines and network-based commerce systems. With the proliferation of websites for conveying a large volume of information to users, a challenge may exist for users to readily and concisely peruse the vast amount of information available in search results related to website navigation.
A user may desire to quickly assess the success of search results in matching their needs and expectations for information. To accomplish this assessment a user may desire to expand or contract an amount of information and related details being displayed as a result of an online search. A user's being able to readily display more or fewer details in item listings may allow a more efficient way of determining a match of particular search results with the information desired or whether a further search may be needed.
A convenient and easy to use interface with a client device may allow the user to quickly elaborate or reduce the amount of detail and refinement of display data, thus offering a quick way of perusing search results. A user may also desire to expand or contract the amount of data being displayed for a particular aspect of the results in an item listing. For example, a user may want to examine older or newer reviews of movies found in an online search for entertainment.
Some embodiments are illustrated by way of example and not limitation in the figures of the accompanying drawings in which:
In the following description, for purposes of explanation, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of some example embodiments. It will be evident, however, to one skilled in the art that the present invention may be practiced without these specific details.
Environment
A device with a touch-enabled screen may be configured to accept a user's interaction with the touch screen to control display of the results of online searches for information and ecommerce listings. A user's interaction with a touch screen of the device with multipoint pinch gestures may facilitate navigation through large volumes of data, generally, and in some embodiments, search results. Touch-enabled navigation with pinch gestures to elaborate or contract the results of a given search may present a more definitive view of those results or present a better indication of the requirement for a further search by the user.
Contact with the touch-enabled screen 110 by a user may define a touch point. Touch points may be produced by finger tips (e.g., the tip of a thumb or a forefinger) or by any implement capable of registering contact with the touch-enabled screen 110. Gestures may be considered as a movement of one or more touch points across the touch-enabled screen 110 performed so as to register a control input to the mobile device 105. Two-fingered gestures may be known as multipoint touch gestures or multipoint gestures and may be produced by a transition of two fingers from a first position to a second position, for example. In one example embodiment of a multipoint gesture, the thumb and forefinger of a hand are shown moving from a slightly open position 130 to a slightly closed position 140.
Multipoint gestures may be pinch gestures which may be characterized by two touch points being moved in relative coordination with one another. For example, a pinch-in gesture may be characterized by a first touch point and a second touch point coming closer together and a pinch-out gesture may be characterized by the first touch point and the second touch point becoming further apart. By placing the tips of two or more fingers on the touch-enabled screen 110, a user of the mobile device 105 may enter multipoint gestures which may be configured, for example, to impart certain control input information to operations performed by the mobile device 105.
In some embodiments, pinch gestures are used in a commerce context or a general information search situation. In other embodiments, pinch gestures may be used in an operating system context. In example embodiments, pinch gestures are used to trigger the generation of further refined search result details through elaboration or less refined search result details through contraction. The elaboration and contraction may be known as information scaling processes. A pinch-in gesture contracts (reduces elaboration) and a pinch-out gesture expands on (elaborates) search results through corresponding scaling process on search results. The pinch-in gesture and the pinch-out gesture may be thought of as controlling aspects of refinement in displayed data and may control various different aspects of refinement of data according to the orientation by which they are applied.
Product searches on e-commerce sites may produce item listings of products presented as an array or grid of detailed pictures, thumbnail pictures, or symbolic image data accompanied by a respective amount of text data describing the accompanying image data. The pinch-out gesture may be used, for example, to focus on fewer thumbnails or images but to have more metadata displayed per product item. The pinch-out gesture may also produce a further refined thumbnail or more detailed picture of the image data portion of a listing item at the same time the further metadata is displayed. In contrast, the pinch-in gesture may be used to produce a display of more thumbnails with each thumbnail having less metadata information displayed. Correspondingly, the pinch-in gesture may also produce less refined thumbnails yet produce more of them for a given abstraction level of display. Application of the pinch-in and pinch-out gestures with a varying magnitude and proportional speed may produce corresponding amounts of contraction and elaboration respectively of search results and listings. Additionally, multipoint pinch gestures may be used in combination with panning and scrolling gestures to provide a complementary set of tools for a user to navigate various aspects and levels of abstraction in search results.
The search results control system 100 may be embodied, for example, as a tablet, deskside or desktop computer system with a touch-enabled screen overlaying a display (not shown) that may provide similar capabilities to the mobile device 105 described above. The mobile device 105, the tablet computer system, the deskside computer system, or desktop computer system may, for example, also display results corresponding to a general search of the web with a search engine where the listing 120 depicts an array of item data that may be navigated with multipoint pinch gestures.
System
The touch-enabled screen 110 may have touch point recognition and gesture determination facilitated by the multipoint touch-sensitive module 225 working in combination with the processor 205. The listing 120 may be scaled by the scaling module 230 interacting with the processor 205, where the particular degree of scaling is determined by receipt of controlling interactions with a user through multipoint gestures input through the touch-enabled screen 110 (
Interfaces
As one skilled in the art will readily appreciate, the initial finger position and the finger position at the conclusion of the pinch gesture may vary in the magnitude of separation. Yet, the same gesture may have been performed even though transitions from initial finger positions to concluding finger positions may vary from one example embodiment to another. The skilled artisan would further appreciate that the representation levels of the image data and the metadata may vary considerably from one level of abstraction to another due to information scaling processes. Similarly, the skilled artisan would additionally appreciate that application of pinch gestures to one abstraction level may cause a transition in the display of item data spanning more than one listing abstraction level depending on a magnitude and a velocity of the application of the pinch gesture. For the purposes of the detail descriptions herein, a delineation of gesture finger positions and abstraction levels of exemplary listing metadata are presented in the tables below.
Tables
The LISTING ABSTRACTION LEVELS of IMAGE DATA and METADATA table above depicts successive levels of abstraction of listing data from most condensed (subject-level) to the most refined (elaborated-level). The levels of abstraction, the corresponding levels of image data and metadata, as well as the number of levels, and naming conventions correspond to a particular example embodiment. Other listings of items may vary in subject matter, number of levels of abstraction, and terminology. The intermediate abstraction levels, progressing from subject-level to elaborated-level, correspond to increasing refinement of image data and metadata. For example, progressing from the brief-level of abstraction to the midrange-level, the metadata progresses from a word-level (depictions in a word or a few select words) to a phrase-level (depictions in snippets or small portions of sentences).
The subject-level of abstraction for listing data depicts a symbolic-level of abstraction of image data and a heading-level of abstraction of metadata. Each of these respective representations depicts one of the least amounts of information in a relatively condensed or truncated presentation of item data. For example, symbolic-level of abstraction of image data may be depicted with a simple symbol or line drawing of an outline of a book. The heading-level of abstraction of metadata may be depicted by the title or a portion of the title of the book. In reference to a further condensed abstraction level (not shown) beyond the subject-level of abstraction, the symbolic-level of image data and the heading-level of metadata may be further condensed (in the further condensed abstraction level) to a bullet point and simple subject (e.g., a simple representative word) respectively.
In the brief-level of abstraction, the characterized-level of image data and the word-level of meta-data depict representations of item data one level more refined (detailed) than the respective representations at the subject-level of abstraction. The characterized-level of image data may be an artist's characterization of essential features of a more detailed reference image taken as an indicator of pertinent features, for example. The word-level of meta-data may be a selection of a few words or key words that most characteristically capture the metadata corresponding to the listing item.
The midrange-level of abstraction includes the stylized-level of image data and the phrase-level of metadata representation which depict item data one level further refined than the respective representations at the brief-level of abstraction. The stylized-level of image data may be composed of images implemented with artistic forms and conventions to create appropriate effects for a compact representation of image data. The phrase-level of meta-data may be a select phrase that most concisely captures the metadata corresponding to the listing item.
In the detailed-level of abstraction the image data and metadata representations of item data are depicted at the detailed-level and the sentence-level respectively. The detailed-level of image data may be depicted as thumbnail images or condensed representations of a photographic image. The sentence-level of metadata may be a selection of sentences representative of a more elaborate textual description of listing items.
At the elaborated-level of abstraction, image data is depicted at a photographic level (visual data with refinement corresponding to a picture or photograph) and the associated metadata may include complete paragraphs of textual description. The elaborated-level of abstraction represents the most complete and most highly refined representation of image data and metadata corresponding to, for example, the listing items displayed resulting from a search or query.
In
By way of further example, the contents of the image data region 315 in
In
By way of further example, the contents of the metadata region 320 in
In
In
Example Methods
In response to the indication of the pinch-out gesture, the method proceeds with scaling 1730 the listing to produce a scaled-in listing including fewer of the listing items. The scaled-in listing also includes an increased amount of image data and metadata for each remaining listed item after the scaled-in process. In response to the production of the scaled-in listing, the method causes 1740 the scaled-in listing to be displayed on the display 118 of the device. The method progresses with receiving 1750 an indication of a pinch-in gesture having been detected by the touch-enabled screen 110 on the device.
The method continues, in response to the indication of the pinch-in gesture, by scaling 1760 the listing to produce a scaled-out listing including more of the items, the scaled-out listing also including a decreased amount of image data and metadata for each listed item. In response to the production of the scaled-out listing, that method causes 1770 the scaled-out listing to be displayed on the display 118 of the device. The method may be performed by the display 118, the multipoint touch-sensitive module 225, the scaling module 235, the processor 205, and storage module 210, or any further components and modules described herein.
An indication 1840 of a pinch-in gesture includes a pinch-in velocity, a pinch-in magnitude, and a pinch-in orientation being a velocity, a distance, and an angle respectively, according to which the distance between the first touch point and the second touch point decreases. The method proceeds by scaling 1850 the listing to produce the scaled-out listing at a rate corresponding to the pinch-in velocity (
The method goes on with decreasing 1930 the amount of image data, during application of the pinch-in gesture, by replacing previous image data with at least one of a thumbnail, a stylization, a characterization, symbolic image data, and a bullet point. The method concludes with decreasing 1940 the amount of metadata during application of the pinch-in gesture by replacing previous metadata with at least one of a selection of sentences, a select phrase, a selection of words, a heading, and a subject. The method, for example, may be performed by the display 118, the multipoint touch-sensitive module 225, the scaling module 235, the processor 205, and storage module 210, or any further components and modules described herein.
The method continues where, in response to the indication of the further pinch-out gesture, the listing is scaled 2020 to produce a further scaled-in listing including an increased amount of item data corresponding to the particular aspect of the item data for each remaining listed item. In response to the production of the further scaled-in listing, the further scaled-in listing is caused 2030 to be displayed on the display 118 of the device. The method proceeds by receiving 2040 an indication of a further pinch-in gesture having been detected by the touch-enabled screen 110 at the location on the display 118 of the device directly above and corresponding to the particular aspect of the item data.
In response to the indication of the further pinch-in gesture, the method concludes by scaling 2050 the listing to produce a further scaled-out listing including a decreased amount of item data corresponding to the particular aspect of the item data for each listed item. In response to the production of the further scaled-out listing, the method proceeds by causing 2060 the further scaled-out listing to be displayed on the display 118 of the device. The method may be performed by the display 118, the multipoint touch-sensitive module 225, the scaling module 235, the processor 205, and storage module 210, or any further components and modules described herein.
The method continues by further elaborating 2120 a particular aspect of the image data for each remaining listed item when the further pinch-out gesture corresponds to the particular aspect of the image data (
The method proceeds by further decreasing 2150 a particular aspect of the image data for each remaining listed item when the further pinch-out gesture corresponds to the particular aspect of the image data in the listing of items and further decreasing 2160 a particular aspect of the metadata for each remaining listed item when the further pinch-out gesture corresponds to the particular aspect of the metadata in the listing of items. The method concludes by causing 2170 one of further decreased particular aspect of the image data and further decreased particular aspect of the metadata to be displayed on the display 118 of the device. The method may be performed, for example, by the display 118, the multipoint touch-sensitive module 225, the scaling module 235, the processor 205, and storage module 210, or any further components and modules described herein.
The method continues with receiving 2220 an indication of a further pinch-out gesture having been detected by the touch-enabled screen 110, the indication having a particular orientation and a particular location on the display 118 directly above and corresponding to a particular aspect of the item data for the listing of items. The further pinch-out gesture may be produced directly over the metadata region 320 (
In response to the indication of the further pinch-out gesture, the method scales 2230 the listing to produce a further scaled-in listing including a further amount of item data corresponding to a facet of the particular aspect of the item data. For example, the initial temporal indicator may be July 2009 and the prior temporal indicator may be May 2008 subsequent to the horizontal application of the pinch-out gesture. In response to the production of the further scaled-in listing, the method causes 2240 the further scaled-in listing to be displayed on the display 118 of the device.
The method proceeds by receiving 2250 an indication of a further pinch-in gesture having been detected by the touch-enabled screen 110, the indication having the particular orientation and the particular location on the display 118 directly above and corresponding to the particular aspect of the item data for the listing of items. The further pinch-in gesture may be produced directly over the metadata region 320 (
A horizontal application of the further pinch-in gesture may result in an elaboration of the date facet of the metadata aspect of the item data complementary to the horizontal application of the pinch-out gesture. Subsequent to application of the pinch-in gesture, the metadata region 320 may show a further elaboration of the metadata spanning forward in time from an initial temporal indicator to a later temporal indicator within the sentence-level abstraction. The pinch-in gesture may be applied within a range of fifteen to thirty degrees of the horizontal axis of the display 118.
In response to the indication of the further pinch-in gesture, the method scales 2260 the listing to produce a further scaled-out listing including a further amount of item data corresponding to the facet of the particular aspect of the item data for each listed item. For example, the initial temporal indicator may be July 2009 and the later temporal indicator may be April 2011 subsequent to the horizontal application of the pinch-in gesture. In response to the production of the further scaled-out listing, the method causes 2270 the further scaled-out listing to be displayed on the display 118 of the device. The method may be performed, for example, by the display 118, the multipoint touch-sensitive module 225, the scaling module 235, the processor 205, and storage module 210, or any further components and modules described herein.
Modules, Components, and Logic
Certain embodiments are described herein as including logic or a number of components, modules, or mechanisms. Modules may constitute either software modules (e.g., code embodied on a machine-readable medium) or hardware modules. A hardware module is tangible unit capable of performing certain operations and may be configured or arranged in a certain manner. In example embodiments, one or more computer systems (e.g., a standalone, client or server computer system) or one or more hardware modules of a computer system (e.g., a processor or a group of processors) may be configured by software (e.g., an application or application portion) as a hardware module that operates to perform certain operations as described herein.
In various embodiments, a hardware module may be implemented mechanically or electronically. For example, a hardware module may include dedicated circuitry or logic that is permanently configured (e.g., as a special-purpose processor, such as a field programmable gate array (FPGA) or an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC)) to perform certain operations. A hardware module may also include programmable logic or circuitry (e.g., as encompassed within a general-purpose processor or other programmable processor) that is temporarily configured by software to perform certain operations. It will be appreciated that the decision to implement a hardware module mechanically, in dedicated and permanently configured circuitry, or in temporarily configured circuitry (e.g., configured by software) may be driven by cost and time considerations.
Accordingly, the term “hardware module” should be understood to encompass a tangible entity, be that an entity that is physically constructed, permanently configured (e.g., hardwired) or temporarily configured (e.g., programmed) to operate in a certain manner and/or to perform certain operations described herein. Considering embodiments in which hardware modules are temporarily configured (e.g., programmed), each of the hardware modules need not be configured or instantiated at any one instance in time. For example, where the hardware modules include a general-purpose processor configured using software, the general-purpose processor may be configured as respective different hardware modules at different times. Software may accordingly configure a processor, for example, to constitute a particular hardware module at one instance of time and to constitute a different hardware module at a different instance of time.
Hardware modules can provide information to, and receive information from, other hardware modules. Accordingly, the described hardware modules may be regarded as being communicatively coupled. Where multiple of such hardware modules exist contemporaneously, communications may be achieved through signal transmission (e.g., over appropriate circuits and buses) that connect the hardware modules. In embodiments in which multiple hardware modules are configured or instantiated at different times, communications between such hardware modules may be achieved, for example, through the storage and retrieval of information in memory structures to which the multiple hardware modules have access. For example, one hardware module may perform an operation, and store the output of that operation in a memory device to which it is communicatively coupled. A further hardware module may then, at a later time, access the memory device to retrieve and process the stored output. Hardware modules may also initiate communications with input or output devices, and can operate on a resource (e.g., a collection of information).
The various operations of example methods described herein may be performed, at least partially, by one or more processors that are temporarily configured (e.g., by software) or permanently configured to perform the relevant operations. Whether temporarily or permanently configured, such processors may constitute processor-implemented modules that operate to perform one or more operations or functions. The modules referred to herein may, in some example embodiments, include processor-implemented modules.
Similarly, the methods described herein may be at least partially processor-implemented. For example, at least some of the operations of a method may be performed by one or processors or processor-implemented modules. The performance of certain of the operations may be distributed among the one or more processors, not only residing within a single machine, but deployed across a number of machines. In some example embodiments, the processor or processors may be located in a single location (e.g., within a home environment, an office environment or as a server farm), while in other embodiments the processors may be distributed across a number of locations.
The one or more processors may also operate to support performance of the relevant operations in a “cloud computing” environment or as a “software as a service” (SaaS). For example, at least some of the operations may be performed by a group of computers (as examples of machines including processors), these operations being accessible via a network (e.g., the Internet) and via one or more appropriate interfaces (e.g., Application Program Interfaces (APIs).)
Electronic Apparatus and System
Example embodiments may be implemented in digital electronic circuitry, or in computer hardware, firmware, software, or in combinations of them. Example embodiments may be implemented using a computer program product, e.g., a computer program tangibly embodied in an information carrier, e.g., in a machine-readable medium for execution by, or to control the operation of, data processing apparatus, e.g., a programmable processor, a computer, or multiple computers.
A computer program can be written in any form of programming language, including compiled or interpreted languages, and it can be deployed in any form, including as a stand-alone program or as a module, subroutine, or other unit suitable for use in a computing environment. A computer program can be deployed to be executed on one computer or on multiple computers at one site or distributed across multiple sites and interconnected by a communication network.
In example embodiments, operations may be performed by one or more programmable processors executing a computer program to perform functions by operating on input data and generating output. Method operations can also be performed by, and apparatus of example embodiments may be implemented as, special purpose logic circuitry, e.g., a field programmable gate array (FPGA) or an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC).
The computing system can include clients and servers. A client and server are generally remote from each other and typically interact through a communication network. The relationship of client and server arises by virtue of computer programs running on the respective computers and having a client-server relationship to each other. In embodiments deploying a programmable computing system, it will be appreciated that both hardware and software architectures require consideration. Specifically, it will be appreciated that the choice of whether to implement certain functionality in permanently configured hardware (e.g., an ASIC), in temporarily configured hardware (e.g., a combination of software and a programmable processor), or a combination of permanently and temporarily configured hardware may be a design choice. Below are set out hardware (e.g., machine) and software architectures that may be deployed, in various example embodiments.
Example Machine Architecture and Machine-Readable Medium
The example computer system 2300 includes a processor 2302 (e.g., a central processing unit (CPU), a graphics processing unit (GPU) or both), a main memory 2304 and a static memory 2306, which communicate with each other via a bus 2308. The computer system 2300 may further include a video display unit 2310 (e.g., a liquid crystal display (LCD) or a cathode ray tube (CRT)). The computer system 2300 also includes an alphanumeric input device 2312 (e.g., a keyboard), a user interface (UI) navigation device 2314 (e.g., a mouse), a disk drive unit 2316, a signal generation device 2318 (e.g., a speaker) and a network interface device 2320.
Machine-Readable Medium
The disk drive unit 2316 includes a machine-readable medium 2322 on which is stored one or more sets of instructions and data structures (e.g., software) 2324 embodying or utilized by any one or more of the methodologies or functions described herein. The instructions 2324 may also reside, completely or at least partially, within the main memory 2304 and/or within the processor 2302 during execution thereof by the computer system 2300, the main memory 2304 and the processor 2302 also constituting machine-readable media.
While the machine-readable medium 2322 is shown in an example embodiment to be a single medium, the term “machine-readable medium” may include a single medium or multiple media (e.g., a centralized or distributed database, and/or associated caches and servers) that store the one or more instructions or data structures. The term “machine-readable medium” shall also be taken to include any tangible medium that is capable of storing, encoding or retaining instructions for execution by the machine and that cause the machine to perform any one or more of the methodologies of the present invention, or that is capable of storing, encoding or retaining data structures utilized by or associated with such instructions. The term “machine-readable medium” shall accordingly be taken to include, but not be limited to, solid-state memories, and optical and magnetic media. Specific examples of machine-readable media include non-volatile memory, including by way of example semiconductor memory devices, e.g., Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory (EPROM), Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory (EEPROM), and flash memory devices; magnetic disks such as internal hard disks and removable disks; magneto-optical disks; and CD-ROM and DVD-ROM disks,
Although an embodiment has been described with reference to specific example embodiments, it will be evident that various modifications and changes may be made to these embodiments without departing from the broader spirit and scope of the invention. Accordingly, the specification and drawings are to be regarded in an illustrative rather than a restrictive sense. The accompanying drawings that form a part hereof, show by way of illustration, and not of limitation, specific embodiments in which the subject matter may be practiced. The embodiments illustrated are described in sufficient detail to enable those skilled in the art to practice the teachings disclosed herein. Other embodiments may be utilized and derived therefrom, such that structural and logical substitutions and changes may be made without departing from the scope of this disclosure. This Detailed Description, therefore, is not to be taken in a limiting sense, and the scope of various embodiments is defined only by the appended claims, along with the full range of equivalents to which such claims are entitled.
Such embodiments of the inventive subject matter may be referred to herein, individually and/or collectively, by the term “invention” merely for convenience and without intending to voluntarily limit the scope of this application to any single invention or inventive concept if more than one is in fact disclosed. Thus, although specific embodiments have been illustrated and described herein, it should be appreciated that any arrangement calculated to achieve the same purpose may be substituted for the specific embodiments shown. This disclosure is intended to cover any and all adaptations or variations of various embodiments. Combinations of the above embodiments, and other embodiments not specifically described herein, will be apparent to those of skill in the art upon reviewing the above description.
This patent application claims a priority benefit and is a continuation application of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/197,668, entitled “CONTROL OF SEARCH RESULTS WITH MULTIPOINT PINCH GESTURES,” filed on Aug. 3, 2011, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.
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| Number | Date | Country | |
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| Parent | 13197668 | Aug 2011 | US |
| Child | 13340367 | US |
