Controlling energy consumption of a wireless network node

Information

  • Patent Grant
  • 11696238
  • Patent Number
    11,696,238
  • Date Filed
    Wednesday, February 9, 2022
    2 years ago
  • Date Issued
    Tuesday, July 4, 2023
    a year ago
Abstract
A user equipment receives a signal indicating a time schedule for intermittent transmission of information from a base station managing a cell. The intermittent transmission of information enables the UE to perform mobility measurements when the cell is in a discontinuous transmission (DTX) mode and the UE is an active terminal not served by the cell. The UE performs, based on the intermittent transmission of information, a mobility measurement when the cell is in the DTX mode and reports the mobility measurement to the base station.
Description
BACKGROUND

The present invention relates generally to controlling energy consumption of a wireless network node, such as a base station.


Energy consumption has long been an important issue for mobile terminals in cellular systems. Recent trends in green technology make it important to reduce the energy consumption also for the base stations (BS or NodeB) as the base station power consumption is a non-negligible part of the cost for the operator and excessive power consumption has a negative impact on the environment. Furthermore, the energy consumed as part of the base station operation generates heat, and active cooling (e.g. air conditioning) is typically required to control the temperature of the equipment. Active cooling will further add to the total energy consumption of a base station site. Similar comments apply to other wireless network nodes, such as relays and repeaters.


SUMMARY

An object of the present invention is to reduce the amount of energy used by a wireless network node.


This object is achieved in accordance with the attached claims.


Briefly, the basic idea of the present invention is to monitor the number of active terminals served by the cell. During time periods when there are no active terminals served by the cell, downlink transmission is restricted to intermittent transmission of information assisting active terminals not served by the cell in finding the cell.


In addition to reducing the energy consumption of the wireless network node, the present invention has the further advantage of reducing interference generated by the node.


The present invention is especially useful in cell scenarios where macro cells overlay micro cells and hence, in case of low load (no or few active cells in the micro cell area), idle terminals (in the micro cell area) can camp on the macro cells and hence use their sync symbols to be in sync with the network.


According to another aspect of the invention, a radio terminal receives signals indicating a time schedule for intermittent transmission of information from a cell and synchronizes mobility measurements with the intermittent transmission of information.


According to still another aspect of the invention, a radio terminal performs a first cell search over a multitude of frequencies, and then, if the first cell search fails, a second cell search in which the search duration on each frequency is extended.





BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The invention, together with further objects and advantages thereof, may best be understood by making reference to the following description taken together with the accompanying drawings, in which:



FIG. 1 is a scenario in which the present invention may be used;



FIG. 2 is another scenario in which the present invention may be used;



FIG. 3 is a time diagram illustrating an embodiment of discontinuous operation in accordance with the present invention;



FIG. 4 is a flow chart illustrating an embodiment of the method of controlling energy consumption in accordance with the present invention;



FIG. 5 is a flow chart illustrating further details of an embodiment of the method of controlling energy consumption in accordance with the present invention;



FIG. 6 is a block diagram illustrating an embodiment of an arrangement for controlling energy consumption of a wireless network node in accordance with the present invention;



FIG. 7 is a time diagram illustrating synchronization of paging in a terminal with intermittent transmission in a base station;



FIG. 8 is a flow chart illustrating an embodiment of a method of operating a radio terminal in accordance with one aspect of the present invention;



FIG. 9 is a block diagram illustrating an embodiment of a radio terminal in accordance with one aspect of the present invention;



FIG. 10 is a flow chart illustrating an embodiment of a method of operating a radio terminal in accordance with another aspect of the present invention; and



FIG. 11 is a block diagram illustrating an embodiment of a radio terminal in accordance with another aspect of the present invention.





DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The present invention will be described in detail with reference to an LTE (Long-Term Evolution) system. However, the same principles may also be used in other systems, such as WCDMA or GSM systems.


Furthermore, the present invention will primarily be described with reference to base stations, especially LTE base stations. However, the same principles may also be applied to other wireless network nodes, such as relays and repeaters and home base stations.


For the purposes of the present application a base station is assumed to serve one or more radio cells. Thus, “base station” also refers to more recent entities, such as NodeB and eNodeB (evolved NodeB), which are capable of handling more than one cell.


Similarly, “terminal” will be used to indicate different types of radio terminals, such as mobile stations, UEs (User Equipments), laptops, etc.



FIG. 1 is a first scenario in which the present invention may be used. In this scenario adjacent radio cells RC1 and RC2 are managed by respective base stations BS1 and BS2.



FIG. 2 is another scenario in which the present invention may be used. In this scenario a micro cell managed by base station BS1 lies within the coverage area of a macro cell managed by base station BS2.


In current cellular systems, e.g. HSPA (High-Speed Packet Access) and LTE, the base stations continuously transmit certain forms of signals in the cell. Examples of such signals are reference signals (pilots), synchronization signals and the broadcast channel. These signals are used for many purposes:

    • Data reception: Active terminals need to perform channel estimation, typically based on the reference signals, to receive the transmitted data. The reference signals may also be used for estimation and reporting of the downlink channel quality to support base station functions such as channel-dependent scheduling.
    • Mobility cell search: Terminals regularly scan for neighboring cells. The synchronization signals transmitted in a neighboring cell are used to find and synchronize to a potential neighbor. Active terminals typically also report the received signal strength of reference signals (RSRP (Reference Signal Received Power) measurements) transmitted by the neighboring cells to the network, which takes a decision if the terminal should be handed over to the candidate cell.
    • Initial cell search: At power-up terminals try to find potential cells to connect to by scanning for synchronization signals. Once a cell is found and synchronization is obtained, the terminal reads the broadcast channel transmitted in the cell to obtain the necessary system information and performs a random access to connect to the network.
    • Terminal synchronization: Idle terminals need synchronization signals and/or reference signals (pilots) to be able to keep in sync with the network, i.e. once waking up from paging DRX (Discontinuous Reception) cycles, these signals are used to fine-tune timing and frequency errors etc.


When there are active users (terminals) in a cell, the cost of transmitting the signals discussed above is justified. However, when there are no active users in the cell, as in cell RC1 in FIGS. 1 and 2, there is in principle no need for these signals. This is especially true in scenarios with dense deployment of NodeBs, i.e. in case where “extra” (micro) cells are placed under macro cells, as in FIG. 2. In such scenarios, the micro cells are primarily used to cope with high load scenarios, and the energy spent on transmitting these signals from the micro cells in low load scenarios is in essence wasted.


In absence of active terminals in a cell, there is in principle no need to transmit anything. This allows the base station to turn off the power amplifier as well as the baseband processing. The cell would in essence be “idle” in the downlink. As the network knows which cells the active terminals are connected to, it is possible to identify idle cells. Once a terminal, such as T4 in FIGS. 1 and 2, moves into the area covered by the idle cell, the base station may wake up and resume transmission of signals. However, to determine if the cell should resume the transmission activity, it is necessary to detect if a terminal is moving into the idle cell. Such a terminal expects certain downlink signals (synchronization signals, reference signals, broadcast channels) to be present. Otherwise, it would not be able to find the cell. Similarly, if inactive terminals, such as terminals T1, T2 in FIGS. 1 and 2, become active, they must also be assisted in finding the cell.


Therefore, despite being in idle mode, the signals necessary for mobility and cell search should be intermittently transmitted. This can be accomplished by defining a DTX (Discontinuous Transmission) cycle for the base station. Typically, the DTX cycle is defined such that the base station is active every Ta out of Tp seconds as illustrated in FIG. 3. The energy reduction at the transmitter side is then approximately proportional to Ta/Tp.


The value of Ta should be selected large enough to allow the terminal to find synchronization with sufficiently high probability as well as being able to do signal measurements on the cell. The time needed for this depends on the signal-to-noise ratio at the terminal, but if Ta is in the order of a few hundred milliseconds the probability of not finding the idle cell is expected to be sufficiently low.


The value Tp should be large enough to allow for efficient reduction in energy consumption. At the same time, a too large Tp means that terminals may not find the idle cell. A typical value of Tp could be in the order of several seconds or tens of seconds.


Preferably, the DTX pattern in the base station is selected to match the DRX pattern configured in the terminals. If the terminals wake up according to a certain pattern to perform neighboring cell measurements, it is beneficial if the DTX pattern in the base station matches this pattern.


In many cellular standards the synchronization signals are not transmitted continuously. For example, in LTE synchronization signals are transmitted in (part of) subframe 0 and 5 in each radio frame (for FDD, for TDD the subframes used are different but the principle remains the same). Similar rules typically apply for the broadcasted system information (in LTE, the most important part of the system information is transmitted in subframe 0 and 5). Hence, the active period of the DTX pattern could still allow the base station to sleep in the remaining subframes of a radio frame, as indicated by the expanded time segment Ta in the top part of FIG. 3.


An idle cell would exit the DTX period when it detects that a terminal, for example T1 in FIG. 1 or 2, is attempting a random access. In addition, as handover is controlled by the network by sending commands to the terminals, the network can also wake up idle base stations in conjunction with the handover procedure. For example base station BS2 (managing cell RC2) commanding a terminal, for example T4 in FIG. 1 or 2, to perform handover from cell RC2 to cell RC1 (managed by base station BS1) would, in addition to the handover command to the terminal, also send a wake up command to base station BS1 over a base station interface, for example the X2 interface in LTE.



FIG. 4 is a flow chart illustrating an embodiment of the method of controlling energy consumption in accordance with the present invention. In continuous transmission (CTX) mode step S1 monitors the number of active terminals served by the cell. Step S2 tests whether the number of active terminals served by the cell is less than a predetermined threshold TH. If so, step S3 hands over active terminals still served by the cell to at least one other cell (more than one cell may be required, depending on the location of the active terminals). When the active terminals have been handed over to other cells, step S4 instructs the base station managing the cell to enter a discontinuous transmission mode (DTX) in which transmission downlink in the cell is restricted to intermittent transmission of information assisting active terminals not served by the cell in finding the cell.


The threshold TH is set to, for example, a value representing between 0 and 5% of the maximum load the cell can handle. If the threshold TH is set to 0, step S3 may be omitted, since there are no remaining active terminals served by the cell.


In another embodiment step S3 is omitted even if there still are active terminals served by the cell. In this embodiment the remaining active terminals are forced to initiate handovers to other cells after the cell has already entered DTX mode. Since there is a risk that some terminals may not be handed over to another cell, for example due to high load in these cells, the threshold TH is typically set lower in this embodiment to minimize the risk of dropped connections. A combination of these embodiments, where the base station enters DTX mode as soon as the handover commands have been transmitted, is also possible.



FIG. 5 is a flow chart illustrating further details of an embodiment of the method of controlling energy consumption in accordance with the present invention. In step S10 the base station enters DTX mode. This corresponds to step S4 in FIG. 4. Step S11 wakes the base station (for this cell) at the start of the next DTX transmission period. In step S12 the base station transmits information assisting terminals in finding the cell, corresponding to the first bar in the expanded upper part of FIG. 3. Step S13 detects whether there are any random access attempts from terminals. If so, step S14 instructs the base station to leave DTX mode, and to enter normal continuous mode. Otherwise step S15 detects whether any handover commands have been received from neighboring base stations. If so, step S14 instructs the base station to leave DTX mode, and to enter normal CTX mode. Otherwise the base station remains in DTX mode, and step S16 tests whether the time period Ta has elapsed since the base station was wakened up. If not, the procedure returns to step S12 and starts the next transmission cycle, corresponding to the next bar in the upper part of FIG. 3. Otherwise the base station goes idle (in the downlink) during the time period Tp-Ta in step S17, and then the procedure returns to step S11 to wake up the base station again.


A modification of the above flowchart includes allowing the cell to exit the DTX mode not only during the active period Ta but at any time. This can be accomplished by including a test for handover commands from neighboring cells and/or random access attempts also in step S17.


When a base station enters DTX mode it may inform its neighbor cells of this fact. In this way the neighbor cells can decide to reject handover requests to the idle cell to reduce energy consumption in the system. In such an embodiment handover requests to the idle cell will be accepted only if a cell is congested or there is an apparent risk of losing a connection.



FIG. 6 is a block diagram illustrating an embodiment of an arrangement for controlling energy consumption of a base station in accordance with the present invention. An antenna is connected to a transmitter 10 and a receiver 12, which are connected to a baseband processing unit 14. A terminal activity monitor 16 is connected to baseband processing unit 14 to receive a list of active terminals served by the cell. Active terminal monitor 16 determines the length of the list, and tests whether the number of active terminals is less than the threshold TH. If terminal activity monitor 20 detects that the number of active terminals served by the cell falls below the threshold TH, then a handover command is forwarded to baseband processing unit 14. This will hand the terminals on the active terminal list over to other cells. When the list is empty, terminal activity monitor 16 indicates this in a binary terminal activity indicator to a transmitter controller 18, which controls a switch SW that disconnects a power supply 20 from transmitter 10.


The arrangement in FIG. 6 also includes a random access monitor 22, which receives preambles from terminals that attempt random accesses during DTX mode. A random access attempt indicator is forwarded to transmission controller 18, which reconnects power supply 20 to transmitter 10 when a preamble is detected.


Furthermore, the arrangement in FIG. 6 includes a handover command monitor, which receives handover commands from other base stations, for example over the X2 interface, during DTX mode. A handover command indicator is forwarded to transmission controller 18, which reconnects power supply 20 to transmitter 10 when a handover request is detected.


The embodiment illustrated in FIG. 6 may optionally also include a DTX/CTX indicator back to baseband processing unit 14 to switch baseband processing between DTX and CTX mode. In this way unnecessary baseband signal processing can be avoided during DTX mode.


Terminal activity monitor 16 in FIG. 6 may also be configured to restrict transmission downlink when the number of active terminals served by the cell falls below the threshold, as discussed with reference to step S3 in FIG. 4.


The functionality of the various blocks in FIG. 6 is typically implemented by one or several micro processors or micro/signal processor combinations and corresponding software. Blocks 16, 18, 22, 24 may be integrated into baseband processing unit 14, which already has this type of hardware.


As noted above, there are three types of information that the idle base station may transmit in DTX mode to assist a terminal in finding the cell, namely reference (pilot) signals, synchronization signals and broadcasted system information. At least one of these has to be transmitted during the time periods Ta in FIG. 3. Several procedures may be performed by the network and the terminals to facilitate the correct reception of this information:


An inactive terminal periodically listens to a paging channel (terminal DRX mode). Typically the terminal performs mobility measurements either just before or just after listening to the paging channel. This feature can be used to let an active non-serving base station (the terminal is inactive, so it is not served by any base station, it only listens to the paging channel) synchronize the DRX mode of the terminal with the time periods Ta when the base station in intermittent mode transmits, as illustrated in FIG. 7.


An active terminal, which can perform mobility measurements at any time, may be instructed by a base station to perform measurements at time instants that lie in time periods Ta of a base station in DTX mode. This functionality can be obtained in existing terminals by a firmware update.



FIGS. 8 and 9 illustrate an embodiment of this aspect of the present invention. In FIG. 8 step S20 receives signals indicating a time schedule for intermittent transmission of information from a cell. Step S21 synchronizes mobility measurements with the intermittent transmission of information. If the terminal is active, the terminal is instructed to synchronize the mobility measurements with the intermittent transmission. On the other hand, if the terminal is inactive, it is instead instructed to listen to the paging channel during transmission periods of the intermittent transmission. In this way the mobility measurements are indirectly synchronized with the intermittent transmissions.


The radio terminal illustrated in FIG. 9 includes an antenna connected to a receiver 30, which forwards baseband signals to a baseband processing unit 32. Baseband processing unit 32 extracts, among other signals, the DTX schedule of an idle base station. This schedule has been received from an active base station, either directly as an actual DTX schedule if the terminal is active, or indirectly as a paging schedule if the terminal is inactive. The DTX schedule is forwarded to a synchronizer 34, which controls the mobility measurement schedule of the receiver 30 and baseband processing unit 32. If desirable synchronizer 34 may be integrated into unit 32.


The network can synchronize the DTX mode of several base stations. Both local (base station to base station) and centralized (via the Operations Support System, OSS) synchronization is possible.


Terminals may be provided with a two step cell search procedure. In the first step the terminal performs a normal cell search scanning over a multitude of frequencies. If this fails, the terminal performs an extended cell search in which the search duration on each frequency is extended (i.e. longer than the idle time period Tp-Ta of base stations in DTX mode). This functionality can be obtained in existing terminals by a firmware update.



FIGS. 10 and 11 illustrate an embodiment of this aspect of the present invention. In FIG. 10 step S30 performs a first, normal cell search over a multitude of frequencies. Step S31 tests whether the cell search failed, i.e. whether the search failed to find any cells. If so, a second cell search with an extended cell search duration on each frequency is performed in step S32. Otherwise the cell search is completed in step S33.



FIG. 11 is a block diagram of a radio terminal incorporating this two-step cell search. It includes an antenna connected to a receiver 30, which forwards baseband signals to a baseband processing unit 32, which is connected to a cell search unit 36. Cell search unit 36 implements two cell search modes, namely a normal cell search mode and an extended cell search mode, and is configured to perform the cell search procedure described with reference to FIG. 10. It outputs a list of found cells to baseband processing unit 32. If desirable unit 36 may be integrated into unit 32.


Reference signals and synchronization signals are primarily designed for different purposes, but during idle mode operation they could have more or less the same function. UEs that are not served by the idle eNodeB use these signals to find the cell and to measure the signal strength. Since synchronization signals are designed to be easily detected they are beneficial to use for this purpose also during eNodeB idle mode. However it would be possible to only transmit reference signals from an idle eNodeB, and with somewhat more effort the UEs would eventually find such a transmission and measure on it. It would also be possible to only transmit the synchronization signals during eNodeB idle mode operation. In that case the UE would have to estimate the signal strength based on measurements on synchronization channels. However, synchronization channels are not primarily designed for this purpose and the accuracy of such measurements would be slightly lower. Therefore the preferred operation would be to transmit both synchronization signals as well as reference signals also during eNodeB idle mode operation.


Regarding the broadcast channel a UE could potentially detect such a transmission from an idle eNodeB even if synchronization signals and reference signals were not transmitted, but it would result in degraded performance and longer cell search durations. Theoretically it would be possible for the UEs to determine the signal strength of an idle eNodeB based only on measurements on the broadcast channel. The broadcast channel carries the information that the UE needs in order to perform a random access, but it is possible to let the UE receive this information from a macro cell that encloses the idle cell instead. In a preferred embodiment all three types of signals (i.e. synchronization, reference and broadcast) are transmitted from an eNodeB in idle mode, but theoretically it is sufficient if only one of the signals are transmitted.


It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications and changes may be made to the present invention without departure from the scope thereof, which is defined by the appended claims.


ABBREVIATIONS

BS Base Station


DRX Discontinuous Reception


DTX Discontinuous Transmission


eNodeB evolved NodeB


HSPA High-Speed Packet Access


LTE Long-Term Evolution


NodeB A logical node handling transmission/reception in multiple cells


OSS Operations Support System


RSRP Reference Signal Received Power


UE User Equipment

Claims
  • 1. A method performed by a user equipment (UE), the method comprising: receiving a signal indicating a time schedule for intermittent transmission of information from a base station managing a cell, wherein the intermittent transmission of information enables the UE to perform mobility measurements when the cell is in a discontinuous transmission (DTX) mode and the UE is an active terminal not served by the cell;performing, based on the intermittent transmission of information, a mobility measurement when the cell is in the DTX mode;reporting the mobility measurement to the base station.
  • 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the intermittent transmission of information includes transmission of reference signals, synchronization signals, broadcast information, or any combination thereof.
  • 3. The method of claim 1, further comprising making a random access attempt to access the cell while the cell is in the DTX mode.
  • 4. The method of claim 3, further comprising receiving a random access response from the base station, wherein making the random access attempt triggers the base station to leave the DTX mode and enter a continuous transmission mode (CTX) mode.
  • 5. The method of claim 1, further comprising attempting to handover to the cell while the cell is in the DTX mode.
  • 6. The method of claim 5, further comprising receiving a handover response from the base station, wherein the attempt to handover to the cell triggers the base station to leave the DTX mode and enter a continuous transmission mode (CTX) mode.
  • 7. The method of claim 5, further comprising failing the handover responsive to the base station rejecting the handover and remaining in the DTX mode.
  • 8. A user equipment (UE) comprising: interface circuitry configured to exchange signaling with a base station managing a cell;processing circuitry communicatively connected to the interface circuitry and configured to: receive a signal indicating a time schedule for intermittent transmission of information from the base station via the interface circuitry, wherein the intermittent transmission of information enables the UE to perform mobility measurements when the cell is in a discontinuous transmission (DTX) mode and the UE is an active terminal not served by the cell;perform, based on the intermittent transmission of information and using the interface circuitry, a mobility measurement when the cell is in the DTX mode; andreport the mobility measurement to the base station via the interface circuitry.
  • 9. The UE of claim 8, wherein the intermittent transmission of information includes transmission of reference signals, synchronization signals, broadcast information, or any combination thereof.
  • 10. The UE of claim 8, wherein the processing circuitry is further configured to make a random access attempt to access the cell while the cell is in the DTX mode.
  • 11. The UE of claim 10, wherein the processing circuitry is further configured to receive a random access response from the base station via the interface circuitry, wherein the random access attempt triggers the base station to leave the DTX mode and enter a continuous transmission mode (CTX) mode.
  • 12. The UE of claim 8, wherein the processing circuitry is further configured to attempt to handover to the cell while the cell is in the DTX mode.
  • 13. The UE of claim 12, wherein the processing circuitry is further configured to receive a handover response from the base station, wherein the attempt to handover to the cell triggers the base station to leave the DTX mode and enter a continuous transmission mode (CTX) mode.
  • 14. The UE of claim 12, wherein the processing circuitry is further configured to fail the handover responsive to the base station rejecting the handover and remaining in the DTX mode.
RELATED APPLICATION

This application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 16/750,228, filed 23 Jan. 2020, which is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 15/629,010, filed 21 Jun. 2017, issued as U.S. Pat. No. 10,588,091, which is a divisional application of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/700,460, filed 30 Apr. 2015, issued as U.S. Pat. No. 9,730,166, which is a divisional application of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/148,200, filed 5 Aug. 2011, issued as U.S. Pat. No. 9,408,161, which is a national stage application of PCT/SE2009/050156, filed 13 Feb. 2009, the disclosure of each of which being hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety.

US Referenced Citations (69)
Number Name Date Kind
7280835 Usuda et al. Oct 2007 B2
8019334 Koskela et al. Sep 2011 B2
8045513 Kim et al. Oct 2011 B2
8095143 Amirijoo et al. Jan 2012 B2
8139542 Dong et al. Mar 2012 B2
8248979 Kleindl Aug 2012 B2
8442575 Tano et al. May 2013 B2
8452280 Kubo et al. May 2013 B2
8520632 Hsu et al. Aug 2013 B2
8837303 Yu et al. Sep 2014 B2
9730166 Frenger Aug 2017 B2
11265823 Frenger Mar 2022 B2
20040043798 Amerga et al. Mar 2004 A1
20040116110 Amerga et al. Jun 2004 A1
20040132515 Sunaga Jul 2004 A1
20050043049 Demir et al. Feb 2005 A1
20050176427 Roberts Aug 2005 A1
20060116120 Hurst Jun 2006 A1
20060227855 Xu et al. Oct 2006 A1
20070066329 Laroia et al. Mar 2007 A1
20070097922 Parekh et al. May 2007 A1
20070129017 Dalsgaard et al. Jun 2007 A1
20070133479 Montojo et al. Jun 2007 A1
20070230394 Wang et al. Oct 2007 A1
20080057959 Ida et al. Mar 2008 A1
20080057969 Agami et al. Mar 2008 A1
20080186892 Damnjanovic Aug 2008 A1
20080267105 Wang et al. Oct 2008 A1
20080267165 Bertrand et al. Oct 2008 A1
20080293426 Kim et al. Nov 2008 A1
20090005095 Chun et al. Jan 2009 A1
20090010190 Gong Jan 2009 A1
20090011795 Fukui et al. Jan 2009 A1
20090054055 Iwamura et al. Feb 2009 A1
20090180414 Maeda et al. Jul 2009 A1
20090180447 Kim et al. Jul 2009 A1
20090190538 Hasegawa Jul 2009 A1
20090239568 Bertrand et al. Sep 2009 A1
20090253461 Kuwahara et al. Oct 2009 A1
20090303927 Kolding et al. Dec 2009 A1
20100016005 Sugawara et al. Jan 2010 A1
20100029318 Tano et al. Feb 2010 A1
20100048212 Yavuz et al. Feb 2010 A1
20100061356 Qvarfordt Mar 2010 A1
20100067421 Gorokhov et al. Mar 2010 A1
20100067497 Chmiel et al. Mar 2010 A1
20100074188 Hsu Mar 2010 A1
20100087197 Iwamura et al. Apr 2010 A1
20100111047 Fang et al. May 2010 A1
20100113054 Iwamura et al. May 2010 A1
20100165835 Hsu et al. Jul 2010 A1
20100172276 Aragon Jul 2010 A1
20100265882 Nagata et al. Oct 2010 A1
20100278087 Kawakami et al. Oct 2010 A1
20110003592 Matsumoto Jan 2011 A1
20110009158 Lee et al. Jan 2011 A1
20110069677 Lo et al. Mar 2011 A1
20110085611 Laroia et al. Apr 2011 A1
20110128916 Kwon et al. Jun 2011 A1
20110136489 Funnell et al. Jun 2011 A1
20110223923 Cho et al. Sep 2011 A1
20110244867 Zhao Oct 2011 A1
20110256826 Ode et al. Oct 2011 A1
20110274072 Michel et al. Nov 2011 A1
20120100896 Aoyama et al. Apr 2012 A1
20120220329 Kitazoe et al. Aug 2012 A1
20120230321 Obuchi et al. Sep 2012 A1
20120250600 Aragon et al. Oct 2012 A1
20130028240 Obuchi et al. Jan 2013 A1
Foreign Referenced Citations (16)
Number Date Country
2002158609 May 2002 JP
2003037555 Feb 2003 JP
2004159078 Jun 2004 JP
2006237850 Sep 2006 JP
2007202096 Aug 2007 JP
2008236436 Oct 2008 JP
2009510835 Mar 2009 JP
2343635 Jan 2009 RU
2433572 Nov 2011 RU
2006130662 Dec 2006 WO
2007035447 Mar 2007 WO
2008131588 Apr 2007 WO
2007091598 Aug 2007 WO
2008001726 Mar 2008 WO
2008026662 Mar 2008 WO
2008097965 Aug 2008 WO
Non-Patent Literature Citations (3)
Entry
Mitsubishi Electric, “Dynamic Setup on HNBs for Energy Savings and Interference Reduction”, 3GPP TSG RAN WG3 Meeting #59bis,Shenzhen, China, Mar. 31, 2008, pp. 1-6, R3-080658, 3GPP, [Retrieved on Apr. 19, 2013], retrieved from internet: http://www.quintillion.co.jp/3GPP/TSG_RAN/TSG_RAN2008/TSG_RAN_WG3_lu3.html.
Khan, W. A., “Impact off DRX on VoIP Performance and Battery Life in LTE”, Master's Thesis, Nov. 1, 2008, pp. 1-54.
NEC, “Location of DRX/DTX control functionality”, TSG-RAN Working Group 2 #53, May 8, 2006, pp. 1-3, R2-061347, Shanghai, China.
Related Publications (1)
Number Date Country
20220272641 A1 Aug 2022 US
Divisions (2)
Number Date Country
Parent 14700460 Apr 2015 US
Child 15629010 US
Parent 13148200 US
Child 14700460 US
Continuations (2)
Number Date Country
Parent 16750228 Jan 2020 US
Child 17667687 US
Parent 15629010 Jun 2017 US
Child 16750228 US