Patent Grant
12057514
The present invention focuses on the field of providing solar power including but not limited to residential and commercial power systems and arrays. In particular it relates to processes, devices, and circuitry that can provide such power in a more efficient manner. It also can find application in general power systems that have some of the more fundamental attributes of solar power sources with the same effects.
The value of solar power for society has been known for many years. It offers clean energy but requires harnessing the energy and feeding it into electrical grid or other load. Efficiency in generation is of particular interest. One aspect that has proven particularly challenging is the ability to harvest the energy efficiently across the entire power spectrum desired. Because the influx of solar energy can vary and because the photovoltaic effect itself can vary, electrical challenges exist that to some degree remain. In addition to the technical issues, regulatory limits such as desirable for safety and the like can also pose challenges. In addition, the combination of photovoltaic sources such as in the strings of panels or the like combines to make efficient harvesting of the energy an issue. As an example, an interesting fact that is frequently under the current technology the most efficient generation of power (likely at the highest voltage after conversion) is a situation where no substantial power is delivered. This seeming paradox is an issue that remains challenging for those in the field. Similarly the desire to generate more and more power such as through larger strings of panels has become an issue due to regulatory limits and the like.
The present invention provides circuits and methods through which many of these challenges can be reduced or even eliminated. It provides designs with unusual efficiency in power generation and provides considerable value to those desiring to utilize solar or other power sources efficiently.
Accordingly, the present invention includes a variety of aspects, circuits, and processes in varied embodiments which may be selected in different combinations to suit differing needs and achieve various goals. It discloses devices and methods to achieve unusually high efficiency solar and other power delivery in a way that is more beneficial to a variety of loads. The embodiments present some initial ways to achieve high efficiency power delivery or generation and show the general understandings which may be adapted and altered to achieve the following and other goals. Of course, further developments and enhancements may be possible within keeping of the teachings of the present invention.
As stated, one of the basic goals of embodiments of the invention is to provide highly efficient solar and other power generation. It can provide efficient power converters and other circuitry which can achieve this goal in multiple ways.
Another goal of embodiments of the invention is to be able to provide enhanced strings of power sources such as may be found in a power array or other solar installation or the like. Yet another goal of embodiments of the invention is to provide better operational efficiency over all power generation regimes. In keeping with this goal, another aspect is to provide higher operational voltage that can be closer to, but not exceeding, the regulatory or other limit across all power generation situations.
Still another goal of embodiments of the invention is to provide lower inductance, low capacitance, and lower energy storage both at the input and output levels. A similar goal is to provide lesser ripple in outputs for electrical circuitry operating on solar and other power sources.
Naturally other goals of the invention are presented throughout the specifications and claims.
As mentioned earlier, the present invention includes a variety of aspects, which may be combined in different ways. The following descriptions are provided to list elements and describe some of the embodiments of the present invention. These elements are listed with initial embodiments, however it should be understood that they may be combined in any manner and in any number to create additional variations. The variously described examples and preferred embodiments should not be construed to limit the present invention to only the explicitly described systems, techniques, and applications. Further, this description should be understood to support and encompass descriptions and claims of all the various embodiments, systems, techniques, methods, devices, and applications with any number of the disclosed elements, with each element alone, and also with any and all various permutations and combinations of all elements in this or any subsequent application.
As shown in
As mentioned, in an embodiment of the present invention such as shown in
Similarly, another aggregated source of power, here considered a second photovoltaic source of power (7), may also be converted by a DC-DC photovoltaic converter, here shown as an altered phase DC-DC photovoltaic converter (8) to provide an altered phase switched output (72). Both the base phase DC-DC photovoltaic converter (6) and the altered phase DC-DC photovoltaic converter (8) can have their outputs combined through combiner circuitry (9), to provide a conversion combined photovoltaic DC output (10). In addition, both the base phase DC-DC photovoltaic converter (6) and the altered phase DC-DC photovoltaic converter (8) can be similarly controlled, such as through a synchronous phase control (11) that synchronously operates switches or the like in the two converters so their operations are switch timing responsive in sync with each other, whether opposing or otherwise. Both the base phase DC-DC photovoltaic converter (6) and the altered phase DC-DC photovoltaic converter (8) can be considered combined as together presenting a low photovoltaic energy storage DC-DC photovoltaic converter (15) which can act on two sources or power (1) and can provide a low photovoltaic energy storage DC output (65). These outputs may be combined to present an array or other enhanced low photovoltaic energy storage DC output (66).
In typical applications, it is common for the conversion combined photovoltaic DC output (10) to be provided as an input to a load, shown as a photovoltaic DC-AC inverter (12) as but one possibility. The photovoltaic DC-AC inverter (12) can provide a photovoltaic AC power output (13). This may be connected to a grid or the like. As also shown in
In operation, the system can accept first power from the first photovoltaic source of power (5), accomplish base phase DC-DC conversion to create a base phase DC power delivery through the base phase DC-DC photovoltaic converter (6). In similar fashion accepted power from a second source of power such as the second photovoltaic source of power (7) can be converted through an altered phase DC-DC converting process to provide and create an altered phase DC power delivery. Both the base phase DC-DC photovoltaic converter (6) and the altered phase DC-DC photovoltaic converter (8) can have switches to achieve their operations. These switches can be controlled by some type of controller perhaps a synchronous phase control (11). The output of the altered phase DC power delivery and the base phase DC power delivery can be combined to achieve the mentioned conversion combined photovoltaic DC output (10). To allow for greater power generation, it is possible that the process of combining the different power deliveries can involve the process of series combining the power deliveries. The combiner circuitry (9) can be configured as series power configured circuitry so that voltage or the like of the two power generators are added. As discussed later in reference to
As mentioned, the converters can be based on a switch-mode type of operation. Such converters can have a number of different switches through which operations can achieve the desired goals. Varying types of converters are shown in different embodiments of the present invention. As shown in
Control can be by duty cycle controlling the switches in the converters. A duty cycle controller (51) can be provided common to both converters as shown, and as such it can be considered a common duty cycle controller to achieve the step of common duty cycle control so that switches in the two converters can be operated synchronously according to desired schedules. By providing a common controller or at least synchronously controlling the converters, embodiments of the invention can be considered as providing a common timing signal for switch operation. This common timing signal can specifically cause modes of operation in accordance with the invention. For example,
Similarly, by the interleave design, advantages can also be achieved. This can the understood conceptually with reference to
With respect to the curve labeled as (54), one can understand that this particular mode shows operation of embodiments designed to achieve a half duty cycle energy configuration. As may be conceptually understood from this plot, the efficiency can be improved (inefficiency reduced) through embodiments of the present invention. Similarly in the curve labeled (55), an operation mode using a half duty cycle energy configuration with or without the phased operational mode can be understood. As shown, even further advantages can be achieved (this may not be available for some of the embodiments of the present invention). Even the aspect of varying the voltage across all operational regimes is changed for embodiments of the present invention. Output voltage does not vary in this manner for the present invention, it remains relatively constant and so a high delivery voltage (itself a more efficient way to deliver power) can be achieved.
As mentioned above, converters may be affirmatively switched to achieve best modes of operation. A variety of converter topologies are possible and several are shown in the figures.
For embodiments utilizing phased operational modes, interconnection and operation such as shown in
Embodiments such as the phased converter shown in
As mentioned earlier, embodiments of the invention can operate at high operational voltages. Whereas in most, more traditional systems, output efficiency varied across the operational regime as shown in the curve (53) in
Beyond merely the level of voltage, embodiments can also present particular levels of high efficiency such as at sweet spots or the like. Considering the diagram of
In providing a low inductance output or low energy storage conversion, both the energy storage experienced at an input and at an output can be unusually low, at least from a photovoltaic perspective. Input inductance can be particularly low for the module level converter designs. This can be significant and can benefit the applied load perhaps such as the photovoltaic DC-AC inverter (12). Through proper coordination, this can offer advantages and can even encourage the use of the integrated design such as the combined high efficiency DC-DC-AC photovoltaic converter (16) design shown in
As previously mentioned, a low energy storage converter, perhaps comprising a low energy storage, a low energy inductance, and/or a low energy capacitance, are advantages of the present invention. Recalling that
Whereas traditional systems indicate significant energy storage needs equivalent to a full cycle of ripple energy (as suggested by the peak height of curve (53) at 50%), in embodiments of the present invention, this energy can be considerably reduced by half or even a quarter as shown. Specifically, for a 50% to 100% design shown by curve (54), the peak height at 25% and 75% is about one-half the amount of energy storage indicated for a traditional system with equivalent switching frequency, equivalent types of switches, and the like. Similarly, for a 25% to 50% design shown by curve (55), the peak height at about 12½%, 37½%, etc. is about one-quarter the amount of energy storage indicated for a traditional system. The reduced values of conversion energy storage, inductance, and capacitance can be achieved at these reduced levels. Thus, for the embodiments characterized as the half duty cycle energy configuration embodiments, such designs can have a not more than about one-half duty cycle range ripple current photovoltaic energy storage converter, a not more than about one-half of traditional photovoltaic energy storage converter, a not more than about one-half duty cycle range ripple current photovoltaic energy storage inductor, a not more than about one-half of traditional photovoltaic energy storage inductor, a not more than about one-half duty cycle range ripple current photovoltaic energy storage capacitor, and a not more than about one-half of traditional photovoltaic energy storage capacitor. Similarly, for the embodiments characterized as the quarter duty cycle energy configuration embodiments, such designs can have a not more than about one-quarter duty cycle range ripple current photovoltaic energy storage converter, a not more than about one-quarter of traditional photovoltaic energy storage converter, a not more than about one-quarter duty cycle range ripple current photovoltaic energy storage inductor, a not more than about one-quarter of traditional photovoltaic energy storage inductor, a not more than about one-quarter duty cycle range ripple current photovoltaic energy storage capacitor, and a not more than about one-quarter of traditional photovoltaic energy storage capacitor. Similar aspects can exist for other embodiments (one-eighth, one-tenth, etc.) This can allow greater power delivery to the load such as the photovoltaic DC-AC inverter (12) or the like.
A further embodiment of the invention is illustrated in
The split panel DC-DC photovoltaic converter (68) can have affirmative switches as shown, that may be controlled by an internal or external duty cycle controller (51) to provide a high efficiency (or low energy storage or low inductance) photovoltaic DC output (69). Again this can be configured as to have a tapped magnetically coupled inductor arrangement or a buck converter appearing arrangement. Each can include a low photovoltaic energy storage inductor (17), a low photovoltaic inductance DC output, and a low energy storage output capacitor (18) as discussed above. This type of low photovoltaic energy storage DC-DC photovoltaic converter (15) can achieve the advantages discussed above. It may or may not require a photovoltaic boundary output controller.
As shown in
As mentioned above, the above converter and other inventive designs can be applied to a wide range of power situations. Almost any varying source of power can be enhanced by such power conversion and control. These powers can be consumer power, industrial power, individual consumer or such device or battery power, and even large scale grid power sources, and all such applications should be understood as encompassed within the present application and disclosure.
While the invention has been described in connection with some preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the scope of the invention to the particular form set forth, but on the contrary, it is intended to cover such alternatives, modifications, and equivalents as may be included within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the statements of invention.
Examples of embodiment definitions may include:
As can be easily understood from the foregoing, the basic concepts of the present invention may be embodied in a variety of ways. It involves both conversion techniques as well as devices to accomplish the appropriate conversion. In this application, the conversion techniques are disclosed as part of the results shown to be achieved by the various devices described and as steps which are inherent to utilization. They are simply the natural result of utilizing the devices as intended and described. In addition, while some devices are disclosed, it should be understood that these not only accomplish certain methods but also can be varied in a number of ways. Importantly, as to all of the foregoing, all of these facets should be understood to be encompassed by this disclosure.
The discussion included in this application is intended to serve as a basic description. The reader should be aware that the specific discussion may not explicitly describe all embodiments possible; many alternatives are implicit. It also may not fully explain the generic nature of the invention and may not explicitly show how each feature or element can actually be representative of a broader function or of a great variety of alternative or equivalent elements. Again, these are implicitly included in this disclosure. Where the invention is described in device-oriented terminology, each element of the device implicitly performs a function. Apparatus claims may not only be included for the device described, but also method or process claims may be included to address the functions the invention and each element performs. Neither the description nor the terminology is intended to limit the scope of the claims that will be included in any subsequent patent application.
It should also be understood that a variety of changes may be made without departing from the essence of the invention. Such changes are also implicitly included in the description. They still fall within the scope of this invention. A broad disclosure encompassing the explicit embodiment(s) shown, the great variety of implicit alternative embodiments, and the broad methods or processes and the like are encompassed by this disclosure and may be relied upon when drafting the claims for any subsequent patent application. It should be understood that such language changes and broader or more detailed claiming may be accomplished at a later date (such as by any required deadline) or in the event the applicant subsequently seeks a patent filing based on this filing. With this understanding, the reader should be aware that this disclosure is to be understood to support any subsequently filed patent application that may seek examination of as broad a base of claims as deemed within the applicant's right and may be designed to yield a patent covering numerous aspects of the invention both independently and as an overall system.
Further, each of the various elements of the invention and claims may also be achieved in a variety of manners. Additionally, when used or implied, an element is to be understood as encompassing individual as well as plural structures that may or may not be physically connected. This disclosure should be understood to encompass each such variation, be it a variation of an embodiment of any apparatus embodiment, a method or process embodiment, or even merely a variation of any element of these. Particularly, it should be understood that as the disclosure relates to elements of the invention, the words for each element may be expressed by equivalent apparatus terms or method terms—even if only the function or result is the same. Such equivalent, broader, or even more generic terms should be considered to be encompassed in the description of each element or action. Such terms can be substituted where desired to make explicit the implicitly broad coverage to which this invention is entitled. As but one example, it should be understood that all actions may be expressed as a means for taking that action or as an element which causes that action. Similarly, each physical element disclosed should be understood to encompass a disclosure of the action which that physical element facilitates. Regarding this last aspect, as but one example, the disclosure of a “converter” should be understood to encompass disclosure of the act of “converting”—whether explicitly discussed or not—and, conversely, were there effectively disclosure of the act of “converting”, such a disclosure should be understood to encompass disclosure of a “converting” and even a “means for converting.” Such changes and alternative terms are to be understood to be explicitly included in the description. Further, each such means (whether explicitly so described or not) should be understood as encompassing all elements that can perform the given function, and all descriptions of elements that perform a described function should be understood as a non-limiting example of means for performing that function.
Any patents, publications, or other references mentioned in this application for patent are hereby incorporated by reference. Any priority case(s) claimed by this application is hereby appended and hereby incorporated by reference. In addition, as to each term used it should be understood that unless its utilization in this application is inconsistent with a broadly supporting interpretation, common dictionary definitions should be understood as incorporated for each term and all definitions, alternative terms, and synonyms such as contained in the Random House Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, second edition are hereby incorporated by reference. Finally, all references listed in the list of references or other information statement filed with the application are hereby appended and hereby incorporated by reference, however, as to each of the above, to the extent that such information or statements incorporated by reference might be considered inconsistent with the patenting of this/these invention(s) such statements are expressly not to be considered as made by the applicant(s).
Thus, the applicant(s) should be understood to have support to claim and make a statement of invention to at least: i) each of the power devices as herein disclosed and described, ii) the related methods disclosed and described, iii) similar, equivalent, and even implicit variations of each of these devices and methods, iv) those alternative designs which accomplish each of the functions shown as are disclosed and described, v) those alternative designs and methods which accomplish each of the functions shown as are implicit to accomplish that which is disclosed and described, vi) each feature, component, and step shown as separate and independent inventions, vii) the applications enhanced by the various systems or components disclosed, viii) the resulting products produced by such systems or components, ix) each system, method, and element shown or described as now applied to any specific field or devices mentioned, x) methods and apparatuses substantially as described hereinbefore and with reference to any of the accompanying examples, xi) an apparatus for performing the methods described herein comprising means for performing the steps, xii) the various combinations and permutations of each of the elements disclosed, xiii) each potentially dependent claim or concept as a dependency on each and every one of the independent claims or concepts presented, and xiv) all inventions described herein.
In addition and as to computer aspects and each aspect amenable to programming or other electronic automation, the applicant(s) should be understood to have support to claim and make a statement of invention to at least: xv) processes performed with the aid of or on a computer, machine, or computing machine as described throughout the above discussion, xvi) a programmable apparatus as described throughout the above discussion, xvii) a computer readable memory encoded with data to direct a computer comprising means or elements which function as described throughout the above discussion, xviii) a computer, machine, or computing machine configured as herein disclosed and described, xix) individual or combined subroutines and programs as herein disclosed and described, xx) a carrier medium carrying computer readable code for control of a computer to carry out separately each and every individual and combined method described herein or in any claim, xxi) a computer program to perform separately each and every individual and combined method disclosed, xxii) a computer program containing all and each combination of means for performing each and every individual and combined step disclosed, xxiii) a storage medium storing each computer program disclosed, xxiv) a signal carrying a computer program disclosed, xxv) the related methods disclosed and described, xxvi) similar, equivalent, and even implicit variations of each of these systems and methods, xxvii) those alternative designs which accomplish each of the functions shown as are disclosed and described, xxviii) those alternative designs and methods which accomplish each of the functions shown as are implicit to accomplish that which is disclosed and described, xxix) each feature, component, and step shown as separate and independent inventions, and xxx) the various combinations and permutations of each of the above.
With regard to claims whether now or later presented for examination, it should be understood that for practical reasons and so as to avoid great expansion of the examination burden, the applicant may at any time present only initial claims or perhaps only initial claims with only initial dependencies. The office and any third persons interested in potential scope of this or subsequent applications should understand that broader claims may be presented at a later date in this case, in a case claiming the benefit of this case, or in any continuation in spite of any preliminary amendments, other amendments, claim language, or arguments presented, thus throughout the pendency of any case there is no intention to disclaim or surrender any potential subject matter. It should be understood that if or when broader claims are presented, such may require that any relevant prior art that may have been considered at any prior time may need to be re-visited since it is possible that to the extent any amendments, claim language, or arguments presented in this or any subsequent application are considered as made to avoid such prior art, such reasons may be eliminated by later presented claims or the like. Both the examiner and any person otherwise interested in existing or later potential coverage, or considering if there has at any time been any possibility of an indication of disclaimer or surrender of potential coverage, should be aware that no such surrender or disclaimer is ever intended or ever exists in this or any subsequent application. Limitations such as arose in Hakim v. Cannon Avent Group, PLC, 479 F.3d 1313 (Fed. Cir 2007), or the like are expressly not intended in this or any subsequent related matter. In addition, support should be understood to exist to the degree required under new matter laws—including but not limited to European Patent Convention Article 123(2) and United States Patent Law 35 USC 132 or other such laws—to permit the addition of any of the various dependencies or other elements presented under one independent claim or concept as dependencies or elements under any other independent claim or concept. In drafting any claims at any time whether in this application or in any subsequent application, it should also be understood that the applicant has intended to capture as full and broad a scope of coverage as legally available. To the extent that insubstantial substitutes are made, to the extent that the applicant did not in fact draft any claim so as to literally encompass any particular embodiment, and to the extent otherwise applicable, the applicant should not be understood to have in any way intended to or actually relinquished such coverage as the applicant simply may not have been able to anticipate all eventualities; one skilled in the art, should not be reasonably expected to have drafted a claim that would have literally encompassed such alternative embodiments. Further, if or when used, the use of the transitional phrase “comprising” is used to maintain the “open-end” claims herein, according to traditional claim interpretation. Thus, unless the context requires otherwise, it should be understood that the term “comprise” or variations such as “comprises” or “comprising”, are intended to imply the inclusion of a stated element or step or group of elements or steps but not the exclusion of any other element or step or group of elements or steps. Such terms should be interpreted in their most expansive form so as to afford the applicant the broadest coverage legally permissible. The use of the phrase, “or any other claim” is used to provide support for any claim to be dependent on any other claim, such as another dependent claim, another independent claim, a previously listed claim, a subsequently listed claim, and the like. As one clarifying example, if a claim were dependent “on claim 20 or any other claim” or the like, it could be re-drafted as dependent on claim 1, claim 15, or even claim 25 (if such were to exist) if desired and still fall with the disclosure. It should be understood that this phrase also provides support for any combination of elements in the claims and even incorporates any desired proper antecedent basis for certain claim combinations such as with combinations of method, apparatus, process, and the like claims.
Finally, any claims set forth at any time are hereby incorporated by reference as part of this description of the invention, and the applicant expressly reserves the right to use all of or a portion of such incorporated content of such claims as additional description to support any of or all of the claims or any element or component thereof, and the applicant further expressly reserves the right to move any portion of or all of the incorporated content of such claims or any element or component thereof from the description into the claims or vice-versa as necessary to define the matter for which protection is sought by this application or by any subsequent continuation, division, or continuation-in-part application thereof, or to obtain any benefit of, reduction in fees pursuant to, or to comply with the patent laws, rules, or regulations of any country or treaty, and such content incorporated by reference shall survive during the entire pendency of this application including any subsequent continuation, division, or continuation-in-part application thereof or any reissue or extension thereon.
This application is a continuation application of, and claims priority to, U.S. patent application Ser. No. 16/172,524, filed Oct. 26, 2018, which is a continuation application of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 15/213,193, filed Jul. 18, 2016, and issuing as U.S. patent Ser. No. 10/116,140 on Oct. 30, 2018, which is a continuation application of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/550,574, filed Nov. 21, 2014 and issued as U.S. Pat. No. 9,397,497 on Jul. 19, 2016, which itself is a continuation application of International Application No. PCT/US2013/032410, filed Mar. 15, 2013, to which priority is also claimed. All aforementioned applications are hereby incorporated by reference herein in their entirety.
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| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 20210273455 A1 | Sep 2021 | US |
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Parent | 16172524 | Oct 2018 | US |
| Child | 17321329 | US | |
| Parent | 15213193 | Jul 2016 | US |
| Child | 16172524 | US | |
| Parent | 14550574 | Nov 2014 | US |
| Child | 15213193 | US | |
| Parent | PCT/US2013/032410 | Mar 2013 | WO |
| Child | 14550574 | US |
