Patent Grant
10371041
The present invention relates to a cooling device for an internal combustion engine of a vehicle and to a control method thereof, and specifically relates to a technique for controlling the cooling device when the internal combustion engine is automatically stopped while the vehicle is stopping.
Patent Document 1 discloses a cooling device including an electric water pump for circulating cooling water. In the second period after the engine is stopped, the cooling device maintains the electric water pump in an operating state and controls the control valve such that only the cooling water circulation through the cylinder head is permitted. Thereby, the cooling device prevents preignition at the start-up of the engine.
Patent Document 1: JP 2009-068363 A
There is a vehicle that includes an idle reduction function to automatically stop the internal combustion engine while the vehicle is stopping. In such a vehicle, if the deterioration of the vehicle air heating performance during idle reduction can be suppressed, the comfort of the vehicle will be improved. Furthermore, if the temperature of the cylinder head during idle reduction can be controlled to be low, the retarded degree of ignition timing required for avoiding knocking at the vehicle start will be reduced, and fuel economy during acceleration at the vehicle start will be improved.
In view of the above, an object of the present invention is to provide a cooling device for an internal combustion engine of a vehicle and a control method thereof, which are capable of suppressing the deterioration of the vehicle air heating performance when the internal combustion engine is automatically stopped while the vehicle is stopping and capable of improving fuel economy during acceleration at the vehicle start from such an automatic stop state.
To this end, the cooling device for an internal combustion engine of a vehicle according to the present invention comprises: an electric water pump for circulating cooling water; a first path including a cooling water passage in a cylinder head and extending through a heater core for vehicle air heating and a radiator; a second path bypassing the heater core and the radiator; path switching means for controlling an opening area of the second path; and control means which, when the internal combustion engine is automatically stopped while the vehicle is stopping, causes the electric water pump to operate and causes the path switching means to reduce the opening area of the second path as compared to before the internal combustion engine is automatically stopped.
A method for controlling cooling device for an internal combustion engine of a vehicle according to the present invention is a control method for a cooling device including: an electric water pump for circulating cooling water; a first path including a cooling water passage in a cylinder head and extending through a heater core for vehicle air heating and a radiator; and a second path bypassing the heater core and the radiator. The method comprises the steps of: detecting whether or not the internal combustion engine is automatically stopped while the vehicle is stopping; controlling so as to cause the electric water pump to operate when the internal combustion engine is automatically stopped; and increasing a ratio of a cooling water circulation rate through the first path while reducing a ratio of a cooling water circulation rate through the second path when the internal combustion engine is automatically stopped.
According to the invention as described above, when the internal combustion engine is automatically stopped while the vehicle is stopping, an increased ratio of the cooling water circulates through the path for supplying the heater core and radiator with the cooling water that has been heated by cooling the cylinder head of the internal combustion engine so that the cooling water can release heat at the heater core and radiator. This allows for suppressing the deterioration of the vehicle air heating performance when the internal combustion engine is automatically stopped while the vehicle is stopping. In addition, the present invention allows accelerating the temperature decrease of the cylinder head with a limited discharge rate of the electric water pump. This reduces the retarded degree of ignition timing required for avoiding knocking at the vehicle start, and improves fuel economy during acceleration at the vehicle start from such an automatic stop state.
An embodiment of the present invention will be described below.
An internal combustion engine 10 is installed in a vehicle 26 and used as a power source for driving vehicle 26. A transmission 20 such as a continuously variable transmission (CVT), an example of a powertrain, is coupled to the output shaft of internal combustion engine 10. The output of transmission 20 is transmitted to drive wheels 25 of vehicle 26 via a differential gear 24.
Internal combustion engine 10 is cooled by a water-based cooling device which circulates cooling water through a circulation passage. The cooling device includes a flow rate control valve 30, which serves as a path switching means, an electric water pump 40, a radiator 50, a cooling water passage 60 provided in internal combustion engine 10, an oil cooler 16 for internal combustion engine 10, a heater core 91, an oil warmer 21 for transmission 20, pipes 70 connecting these components, and the like. Oil cooler 16 is a heat exchanger for internal combustion engine oil. Oil warmer 21 is a heat exchanger for transmission oil.
Internal combustion engine 10 has a cylinder head cooling water passage 61 and a cylinder block cooling water passage 62, which collectively serve as cooling water passage 60 in internal combustion engine 10. Cylinder head cooling water passage 61, which has a function of cooling a cylinder head 11, extends in cylinder head 11 so as to connect a cooling water inlet 13 to a cooling water outlet 14 which are provided to cylinder head 11. In cylinder head 11, cooling water inlet 13 is provided at one end in the cylinder arrangement direction, and cooling water outlet 14 is provided at the other end in the cylinder arrangement direction.
Cylinder block cooling water passage 62, which has a function of cooling a cylinder block 12, branches off from cylinder head cooling water passage 61 and enters cylinder block 12. Cylinder block cooling water passage 62 extends in cylinder block 12 and is connected to a cooling water outlet 15 provided to cylinder block 12. Cooling water outlet 15 of cylinder block cooling water passage 62 is provided at an end, on the same side where cooling water outlet 14 of cylinder head cooling water passage 61 is provided, in the cylinder arrangement direction.
In this cooling device illustrated in
To cooling water outlet 15 of cylinder block cooling water passage 62, one end of a second cooling water pipe 72 is connected. The other end of second cooling water pipe 72 is connected to a first inlet port 31 among four inlet ports 31 to 34 of flow rate control valve 30. In the middle of second cooling water pipe 72, oil cooler 16 for cooling lubricating oil for internal combustion engine 10 is disposed. Oil cooler 16 is a heat exchanger for reducing the temperature of lubricating oil by exchanging heat between the cooling water flowing through second cooling water pipe 72 and the lubricating oil for internal combustion engine 10.
One end of a third cooling water pipe 73 is connected to first cooling water pipe 71. The other end of third cooling water pipe 73 is connected to second inlet port 32 of flow rate control valve 30. In the middle of third cooling water pipe 73, oil warmer 21 is disposed which is a heat exchanger for heating hydraulic oil in transmission 20, which is a hydraulic mechanism. Oil warmer 21 exchanges heat between the cooling water flowing through third cooling water pipe 73 and the hydraulic oil in transmission 20. In other words, third cooling water pipe 73 allows the cooling water having increased in temperature while flowing through cylinder head 11 to be partially diverted and introduced into oil warmer 21. Oil warmer (oil warmer and cooler) 21 accelerates the temperature rise in the hydraulic oil in transmission 20 during cold engine start, and then maintains the hydraulic oil temperature in transmission 20 properly by avoiding an excessive rise in the oil temperature.
One end of a fourth cooling water pipe 74 is connected a to first cooling water pipe 71 at a point between cooling water outlet 14 and the junction with third cooling water pipe 73. The other end of fourth cooling water pipe 74 is connected to third inlet port 33 of flow rate control valve 30. Various heat exchanging devices are disposed on fourth cooling water pipe 74. The heat exchanging devices disposed on fourth cooling water pipe 74 are, in the order from upstream to downstream, heater core 91 for vehicle air heating, a water-based EGR (exhaust gas recirculation) cooler 92, an EGR control valve 93, and a throttle valve 94. EGR cooler 92 and EGR control valve 93 constitute an EGR device of internal combustion engine 10. Throttle valve 94 regulates the rate of air intake into internal combustion engine 10.
Heater core 91, which is a heat exchanger for heating air for air-conditioning included in a vehicle air heater, exchanges heat between the cooling water flowing through fourth cooling water pipe 74 and the air for air-conditioning so as to heat the air for air-conditioning. EGR cooler 92, which is a heat exchanger for cooling recirculated exhaust, exchanges heat between the cooling water flowing through fourth cooling water pipe 74 and the exhaust recirculated into an intake system of internal combustion engine 10 by the EGR device so as to lower the temperature of the exhaust recirculated into the intake system of internal combustion engine 10.
EGR control valve 93 for regulating the exhaust recirculation rate and throttle valve 94 for regulating the rate of air intake into internal combustion engine 10 are heated by exchanging heat with the cooling water flowing through fourth cooling water pipe 74. Heating EGR control valve 93 and throttle valve 94 with the cooling water prevents the freezing of moisture in the exhaust around EGR control valve 93 as well as moisture in the intake air around throttle valve 94.
As described above, fourth cooling water pipe 74 allows the cooling water having passed through cylinder head cooling water passage 61 to be partially diverted and introduced into heater core 91, EGR cooler 92, EGR control valve 93, and throttle valve 94 so as to exchange heat therewith. One end of a fifth cooling water pipe 75 is connected to a cooling water outlet 52 of radiator 50. The other end of fifth cooling water pipe 75 is connected to fourth inlet port 34 of flow rate control valve 30.
Flow rate control valve 30 has a single outlet port 35. One end of a sixth cooling water pipe 76 is connected to outlet port 35. The other end of sixth cooling water pipe 76 is connected to an intake port 41 of electric water pump 40. One end of a seventh cooling water pipe 77 is connected to a discharge port 42 of electric water pump 40. The other end of seventh cooling water pipe 77 is connected to cooling water inlet 13 of cylinder head 11.
One end of an eighth cooling water pipe 78 (radiator-bypass pipe) is connected to first cooling water pipe 71. The other end of eighth cooling water pipe 78 is connected to sixth cooling water pipe 76. Specifically, in first cooling water pipe 71, the point where eighth cooling water pipe 78 is connected is located downstream to the point connected to third cooling water pipe 73 and downstream to the point connected to fourth cooling water pipe 74. As described above, flow rate control valve 30 has four inlet ports 31 to 34 and one outlet port 35. Cooling water pipes 72, 73, 74, 75 are respectively connected to inlet ports 31, 32, 33, 34, and sixth cooling water pipe 76 is connected to outlet port 35.
Flow rate control valve 30 is a rotational flow channel switching valve that includes a stator having ports formed therein, and a rotor having flow channels formed therein and being fitted in the stator. When flow rate control valve 30 is actuated by the electric actuator such as an electric motor, the electric actuator rotationally drives the rotor, thereby changing the angle of the rotor relative to the stator. In rotational flow rate control valve 30 as described above, the opening area ratio of four inlet ports 31 to 34 changes depending on the rotor angle. The ports in the stator and the flow channels in the rotor are adapted such that a desirable opening area ratio, in other words, a desirable flow rate ratio among the cooling water lines may be achieved through selection of the rotor angle.
In the cooling device with the above configuration, cylinder head cooling water passage 61, first cooling water pipe 71, radiator 50, and fifth cooling water pipe 75 constitute a first cooling water line (radiator line) through which the cooling water circulates through cylinder head cooling water passage 61 and radiator 50, and bypasses cylinder block cooling water passage 62. Cylinder block cooling water passage 62, second cooling water pipe 72, and oil cooler 16 constitute a second cooling water line (block line) through which the cooling water circulates through cylinder block cooling water passage 62 and oil cooler 16, and bypasses radiator 50.
Cylinder head cooling water passage 61, fourth cooling water pipe 74, heater core 91, EGR cooler 92, EGR control valve 93, and throttle valve 94 constitute a third cooling water line (heater line) through which the cooling water circulates through cylinder head cooling water passage 61 and heater core 91, and bypasses radiator 50. Cylinder head cooling water passage 61, third cooling water pipe 73, and oil warmer 21 constitute a fourth cooling water line (powertrain line) through which the cooling water circulates through cylinder head cooling water passage 61 and oil warmer 21, and bypasses radiator 50.
In addition, eighth cooling water pipe 78 allows the cooling water flowing from cylinder head 11 to radiator 50 through the first cooling water line to be partially diverted to flow through eighth cooling water pipe 78. The diverted flow of cooling water bypasses radiator 50, and enters back the first cooling water line at a point downstream to the outlet of flow rate control valve 30. In other words, even when inlet ports 31 to 34 of flow rate control valve 30 are closed, eighth cooling water pipe 78 allows the cooling water having passed through cylinder head cooling water passage 61 to circulate bypassing radiator 50. In this way, eighth cooling water pipe 78 constitutes a bypass line. The cooling water circulation passage according to this embodiment includes the first to fourth cooling water lines and the bypass line.
As described above, the inlet ports of flow rate control valve 30 are connected respectively to the outlets of the first to fourth cooling water lines, and the outlet port of flow rate control valve 30 is connected to the intake port of electric water pump 40. Flow rate control valve 30 is a flow channel switching mechanism (path switching means) for controlling the supply rates of the cooling water respectively to the first to fourth cooling water lines, in other words, the cooling water allocation ratio between the first to fourth cooling water lines, by regulating the opening areas of the respective outlets of the first to fourth cooling water lines.
Radiator 50 includes electric radiator fans 50A, 50B. Electric water pump 40, flow rate control valve 30, and electric radiator fans 50A, 50B described above are controlled by a control device (control means) 100. Control device 100 includes a microcomputer including a CPU (processor), a ROM, a RAM, and the like.
Control device 100 receives measurement signals from various sensors for sensing operational conditions of internal combustion engine 10. The above various sensors include a first temperature sensor 81, a second temperature sensor 82, and an external air temperature sensor 83. First temperature sensor 81 measures a temperature of the cooling water in first cooling water pipe 71 near cooling water outlet 14, i.e., a cooling water temperature TW1 near the outlet of cylinder head 11. Second temperature sensor 82 measures a temperature of the cooling water in second cooling water pipe 72 near cooling water outlet 15, i.e., a cooling water temperature TW2 near the outlet of cylinder block 12. External air temperature sensor 83 measures an external air temperature TA. In the cooling device, second temperature sensor 82 may be omitted, and the cooling device may include only first temperature sensor 81 as a sensor for measuring cooling water temperature.
In addition, control device 100 receives a signal from an engine switch (ignition switch) 84 for turning internal combustion engine 10 on and off. In response, control device 100 controls the rotor angle of flow rate control valve 30 and the rotation speed (i.e., discharge flow rate) of electric water pump 40 in accordance with operational conditions of internal combustion engine 10.
Below, an implementation of cooling control performed by control device 100 during the operation of internal combustion engine 10 will be described. Flow rate control valve 30 is configured to allocate cooling water among the cooling water lines based on the allocation ratio selected from those associated with multiple modes. Control device 100 controls the rotor angle of flow rate control valve 30 and the rotation speed of electric water pump 40 in accordance with one of these modes that is selected according to operational conditions of internal combustion engine 10.
In this first mode, at which all inlet ports 31 to 34 are closed, electric water pump 40 circulates the cooling water only through the bypass line. In other words, at cold engine start, control device 100 controls flow rate control valve 30 according to the first mode, so that cooling water circulates through cylinder head cooling water passage 61, bypassing the heat exchangers including radiator 50.
Additionally, in this first mode, control device 100 causes electric water pump 40 to operate at a sufficiently low rotation speed so as to minimize the circulation rate of cooling water. This allows for detection of the temperature rise in cylinder head 11 based on the rise in the cooling water temperature at the outlet of cylinder head 11 as well as quick warm-up of cylinder head 11. Note that the state in which flow rate control valve 30 closes all inlet ports 31 to 34 in the first mode includes not only the condition in which the opening area of each of inlet ports 31 to 34 is zero, but also the conditions in which the opening area of each of inlet ports 31 to 34 is reduced to the minimum value which permits a small leak of the cooling water. Note also that the rotor angle used herein indicates a rotation angle from the reference angular position at which the rotor is positionally regulated by the stopper.
When the rotor angle of flow rate control valve 30 is increased to greater than the angular range for the first mode, flow rate control valve 30 is switched to a second mode. In the second mode, third inlet port 33 connected to the outlet of the third cooling water line is opened while the other inlet ports 31, 32, 34 are maintained closed. Control device 100 switches from the first mode to the second mode after the temperature of cylinder head 11 reaches a predetermined temperature. Thereby, control device 100 increases the flow rate of cooling water circulating through heater core 91 so as to allow the air heating function to work more effectively at the startup, and heat and prevent freezing of EGR control valve 93 and throttle valve 94.
In accordance with a rise in the block outlet water temperature, control device 100 further increases the rotor angle beyond the angular range of the second mode so as to switch flow rate control valve 30 to a third mode. In the third mode, in addition to third inlet port 33 connected to the outlet of the third cooling water line, first inlet port 31 connected to the outlet of the second cooling water line is also opened so as to cool cylinder block 12 as well as the oil in internal combustion engine 10. When the block outlet water temperature reaches a target temperature, control device 100 further increases the rotor angle beyond the angular range of the third mode so as to switch flow rate control valve 30 to a fourth mode. In the fourth mode, in addition to third inlet port 33 connected to the outlet of the third cooling water line and first inlet port 31 connected to the outlet of the second cooling water line, second inlet port 32 connected to the outlet of the fourth cooling water line is also opened so as to warm the oil in transmission 20 and reduce friction in transmission 20. When second temperature sensor 82 is omitted from the cooling device, control device 100 controls switching to the third mode and further to the fourth mode in accordance, for example, with the measurement of the engine oil temperature.
When the warming-up of internal combustion engine 10 is completed through the above process, control device 100 opens the first cooling water line in addition to the second to fourth cooling water lines in accordance with the water temperature rise so as to maintain the water temperature at the cylinder head outlet and the water temperature at the cylinder block outlet at their respective target temperatures. In other words, control device 100 switches flow rate control valve 30 to a fifth mode in which all the first to fourth cooling water lines are opened. Thereby, control device 100 adjusts the flow rate of cooling water circulating through radiator 50. Further, when the water temperature rises above the target temperature for the fifth mode, control device 100 further increases the rotor angle beyond the angular range of the fifth mode so as to switch flow rate control valve 30 to a sixth mode. The sixth mode allows maximizing the ratio of cooling water circulation through the first cooling water line.
In addition to controlling the rotor angle of flow rate control valve 30 in accordance with the rise in the water temperature, control device 100 also controls the discharge flow rate of electric water pump 40 in accordance with the change in the water temperature, specifically, the difference between the target water temperature and the actual water temperature. During engine warm-up, control device 100 accelerates the warm-up by limiting the discharge flow rate to a low level. After the completion of the engine warm-up, control device 100 increases the discharge flow rate when the water temperature exceeds the target temperature so as to maintain the water temperature around the target temperature. The first to sixth modes are control modes of flow rate control valve 30 during the operation of internal combustion engine 10. During the period in which internal combustion engine 10 is automatically stopped by the idle reduction function, control device 100 keeps electric water pump 40 operating and controls flow rate control valve 30 according to the seventh mode. The seventh mode is also referred herein to as an idle reduction mode or an automatic stop mode.
The idle reduction function of internal combustion engine 10 is a function of: automatically stopping internal combustion engine 10 when a predetermined idle reduction condition is satisfied while vehicle 26 is stopping in order, for example, to wait for a traffic light to change; and restarting internal combustion engine 10 automatically in response to a “vehicle start” request or the like. Control device 100 may have an idle reduction control function for stopping idling of internal combustion engine 10. Alternatively, a different control device may have such an idle reduction control function. In such a case, control device 100 starts to control flow rate control valve 30 according to the seventh mode upon receiving a signal indicating that internal combustion engine 10 is in idle reduction from this different control device.
As shown in
The sixth mode is an all-path flow mode in which the cooling water circulates through all the paths, including the first to fourth cooling water lines. The seventh mode is an automatic stop mode in which, as compared to the all-path flow mode, an increased ratio of cooling water circulates through the first path (first and third cooling water lines) extending through heater core 91 and radiator 50, whereas a reduced ratio of cooling water circulates through the second path (second and fourth cooling water lines) bypassing heater core 91 and radiator 50.
The seventh mode described above is used for suppressing the deterioration of the air heating performance of vehicle 26 during idle reduction, and for accelerating the temperature decrease of cylinder head 11 during idle reduction in order to reduce the retarded degree of ignition timing required for avoiding knocking during acceleration at the vehicle start from the idle reduction state and improve the fuel economy during such acceleration. The processing performed by control device 100 according to the seventh mode during idle reduction will be described in detail below.
The flowchart of
When the idle reduction flag is off, that is, when internal combustion engine 10 is not in an idle reduction state but in an operating state, the operation proceeds to step S320. In step S320, control device 100 performs cooling control by switching between the first to sixth modes as described above. On the other hand, when the idle reduction flag is on, that is, when internal combustion engine 10 is automatically stopped by the idle reduction function, the operation proceeds to step S330.
In step S330, control device 100 sets the target rotation speed of electric water pump 40 to the target value for the idle reduction state. An example of processing for setting the target rotation speed in step S330 will be described with reference to the flowchart of
In step S331, control device 100 determines whether or not the head outlet water temperature is above the target temperature for the idle reduction state, where the target temperature for the idle reduction state<the target temperature for the operating state of internal combustion engine 10. When the head outlet water temperature is equal to or below the target temperature for the idle reduction state, the operation proceeds to step S332. In step S332, control device 100 sets the target pump rotation speed for the idle reduction state to a base rotation speed, for example, to the minimum target engine speed (>0 rpm). When the head outlet water temperature is above the target temperature, the operation proceeds to step S333. In step S333, control device 100 calculates the water temperature difference TWDC between the current head outlet water temperature and the target temperature for the idle reduction state (TWDC=head outlet water temperature−target temperature).
Then, the operation proceeds to step S334, in which control device 100 sets the target pump rotation speed such that the greater the water temperature difference TWDC, in other words, the higher the head outlet water temperature above the target temperature for the idle reduction state, the higher the target pump rotation speed. In other words, control device 100 sets the target pump rotation speed to the base rotation speed when the head outlet water temperature is equal to or below the target temperature for the idle reduction state. Then, as the head outlet water temperature increases above the target temperature for the idle reduction state, control device 100 increases the target pump rotation speed above the base rotation speed.
This increases the circulation rate of the cooling water during idle reduction as the head outlet water temperature increases above the target temperature. Thus, the cylinder head temperature can be rapidly reduced to a temperature that sufficiently assures reduction or prevention of knocking during acceleration at the vehicle start from the idle reduction state. In step S334, control device 100 sets the target pump rotation speed such that the higher the head outlet water temperature above the target temperature, the higher the target pump rotation speed. Alternatively, in place of or in combination with the water temperature difference TWDC, a parameter different from the water temperature difference TWDC may be used in variably setting the target pump rotation speed.
As long as affecting the cooling performance of reducing the temperature of cylinder head 11, various parameters may be used in variably setting the target pump rotation speed for the idle reduction state. For example, control device 100 varies the target pump rotation speed (pump discharge flow rate) for the idle reduction state depending on the external air temperature, the difference between the external air temperature and the head outlet water temperature, the rotor angle of flow rate control valve 30, operational conditions of internal combustion engine 10 before idle reduction, the operational status of electric radiator fans 50A, 50B, and/or the like.
The higher the external air temperature, the less easily is the temperature of cylinder head 11 reduced. Accordingly, control device 100 may be programmed to vary the target pump rotation speed for the idle reduction state such that the higher the external air temperature, the higher the target pump rotation speed. Similarly, the less the difference between the external air temperature and the head outlet water temperature, the less easily is the cylinder head temperature reduced. Accordingly, control device 100 may be programmed to vary the target pump rotation speed for the idle reduction state such that the greater the difference between the external air temperature and the head outlet water temperature, the higher the target pump rotation speed.
Furthermore, the temperature of cylinder head 11 can be reduced less easily during a transitional state within the seventh mode, i.e., while the rotor angle has entered the angular range of the seventh mode, but has not yet reached the angle at which the second and fourth cooling water lines become closed. This is because, in such a transitional state, cooling water is still supplied to the second and fourth cooling water lines, each of which bypasses radiator 50. Accordingly, control device 100 may be programmed to vary the target pump rotation speed such that the greater the difference between the actual rotor angle of flow rate control valve 30 and the rotor angle at which the second and fourth cooling water lines become closed, i.e., the greater the opening areas (cooling water supply ratios) of the second and fourth cooling water lines, the higher the target pump rotation speed.
Also, when the operational conditions of internal combustion engine 10 before idle reduction involve a large amount of heat generation, the cylinder head temperature can be less easily reduced during idle reduction. Accordingly, control device 100 may be programmed to increase the target pump rotation speed when, for example, internal combustion engine 10 operates at higher load and rotation speed for a long time before idle reduction. Furthermore, the less the air volume blown by electric radiator fans 50A, 50B, the less easily reduced the temperature of cylinder head 11. Accordingly, control device 100 may be programmed to vary the target pump rotation speed such that the lower the electric current and voltage for driving electric radiator fans 50A, 50B during idle reduction, the higher the target pump rotation speed.
In step S330 of the flowchart of
The flowchart of
For example, control device 100 may select, as the representative oil temperature, whichever higher of the oil temperatures of internal combustion engine 10 and transmission 20. Alternatively, control device 100 may calculate the difference between the actual and standard values of the oil temperature of internal combustion engine 10 as well as the difference between the actual and standard values of the oil temperature of transmission 20, and select, as the representative oil temperature, whichever having a greater difference from its standard value of the two. Still alternatively, control device 100 may calculate the degree of engine oil cooling need based on the oil temperature of internal combustion engine 10 as well as the degree of transmission oil cooling need based on the oil temperature of transmission 20, and switches between the modes depending on whichever oil cooling has the higher degree of need. Still alternatively, control device 100 may switch between the modes depending, for example, on the average of the oil temperatures of internal combustion engine 10 and transmission 20.
In the seventh mode, which is adapted for idle reduction, control device 100 closes the second and fourth cooling water lines to stop the cooling water circulation through oil cooler 16 and oil warmer 21. However, even in the seventh mode, when the temperatures of the lubricating oil in internal combustion engine 10 and/or the hydraulic oil in transmission 20 are above their upper limit temperatures and need to be reduced, it is necessary to circulate cooling water through oil cooler 16 and oil warmer 21 by giving priority to component protection than fuel efficiency at the vehicle start from the idle reduction state.
Thus, when there is a need for oil cooling, such as when the oil temperatures are above their upper limit temperatures, control device 100 uses the target rotor angle of the all-path flow mode, i.e., the fifth or sixth mode, so as to open all the first to fourth cooling water lines. In response, the cooling water starts to circulate through oil cooler 16 on the second cooling water line as well as oil warmer 21 on the fourth cooling water line. This reduces the oil temperatures of internal combustion engine 10 and transmission 20 below their upper limit temperatures, and allows achieving component protection.
On the other hand, when the oil temperatures are equal to or below their upper limit temperatures, control device 100 uses the target rotor angle of the seventh mode. Thereby, control device 100 reduces the supply rates of the cooling water to the second and fourth cooling water lines as the oil temperatures decrease, so that the supply rates of the cooling water to the first and third cooling water lines are relatively increased. During idle reduction, control device 100 accelerates the temperature decrease of cylinder head 11 by increasing the supply rate of the cooling water to the first cooling water line, i.e., the supply rate of the cooling water circulating through cylinder head 11 and then radiator 50. This lowers the probability of knocking in internal combustion engine 10 at the restart from the idle reduction state, and allows control device 100 to advance ignition timing of internal combustion engine 10. Thus, the fuel economy of internal combustion engine 10 during acceleration at the vehicle start is improved.
It might be considered that, during idle reduction, control device 100 can increase the supply rate of the cooling water circulating through cylinder head 11 and then radiator 50 by increasing the discharge rate of electric water pump 40 while supplying the cooling water to the first to fourth cooling water lines. However, this causes electric water pump 40 to consume more electric power during idle reduction. Accordingly, the above method can accelerate the temperature decrease of cylinder head 11, but only at the expense of less improvement in fuel economy brought by idle reduction.
In contrast, stopping cooling water flow through the second and fourth cooling water lines allows a relative increase in the cooling water circulation rate through the first and third cooling water lines even without changing the discharge rate of electric water pump 40. Thus, electric power consumption by electric water pump 40 less diminishes the improvement in fuel economy brought by the temperature decrease of cylinder head 11. Furthermore, during idle reduction, control device 100 increases the supply rate of the cooling water to the third cooling water line in addition to the first cooling water line. In other words, control device 100 increases the rate of the cooling water circulating through heater core 91 during idle reduction. This curbs the temperature decrease of air for air conditioning at the air outlet during idle reduction while the vehicle air heater is on. Thus, it is possible to curb the decrease in vehicle interior temperature and improve air heating performance during idle reduction.
After the temperature of cylinder head 11 has been reduced to the target temperature during idle reduction, heat is no longer generated in internal combustion engine 10. Accordingly, in this case, there is an option to stop the cooling water circulation through cylinder head 11. However, stopping such cooling water circulation causes variation in temperature within the cooling water circulation passage, and causes first temperature sensor 81 to no longer accurately measure the temperature of cylinder head 11. In light of the above, as illustrated in the flow chart of
The flowchart of
On the other hand, when the head outlet water temperature is equal to or above the target temperature, the operation proceeds to step S337. In step S337, control device 100 fixes the target rotation speed of electric water pump 40 to the target value for cooling acceleration in the seventh mode (idle reduction state), or varies the target rotation speed depending, for example, on the difference between the head outlet water temperature and the target temperature. Thereby, control device 100 accelerates the temperature decrease of cylinder head 11 and ensures the air heating performance. In other words, in step S337, control device 100 can set the target rotation speed in the same manner as in steps S333 to S334.
The target rotation speed set in step S337, which is higher than the target rotation speed set in step S336, is high enough to provide a circulation rate that ensures acceleration of the temperature decrease of cylinder head 11. As described above, when the head outlet water temperature falls below the target temperature, control device 100 controls the rotation speed of electric water pump 40 so as to provide only the minimum circulation rate that sufficiently reduces variation in temperature within the cooling water circulation system. In this way, during idle reduction, control device 100 reduces variation in temperature within the cooling water circulation system so as to maintain the measurement accuracy of the temperature of cylinder head 11 while limiting electric power consumption of electric water pump 40.
Furthermore, the above method more effectively suppresses the deterioration of the air heating performance than stopping the cooling water flow through heater core 91 during idle reduction. Here, after the temperature of cylinder head 11 (the head outlet water temperature) has been reduced to the target temperature during idle reduction, the additional cooling water allocation to the first cooling water line for accelerating the temperature decrease of cylinder head 11 is no longer necessary. Thus, at that time, control device 100 is allowed to increase the cooling water circulation rate through the second and fourth cooling water lines (resume the cooling water flow through the second and fourth cooling water lines).
The flowchart of
As a result, the high-temperature cooling water having stayed in the second and fourth cooling water lines gradually flows out, and the cooling water temperatures in the second and fourth cooling water lines gradually decrease. Thus, the above control prevents the high-temperature cooling water having stayed in the second and fourth cooling water lines from flowing out all at once and boosting the temperature of the entire cooling system upon engine restart. On the other hand, when the head outlet water temperature is equal to or above the target temperature, the operation proceeds to step S347. In step S347, control device 100 may set the target rotor angle to an angle according to the seventh mode, which stops cooling water flow through the second and fourth cooling water lines. Alternatively, as in step S341 described above, control device 100 may perform processing for determining, based on the oil temperatures, whether to permit or prohibit cooling water flow through the second and fourth cooling water lines.
In the example illustrated in the flowchart of
In the flowchart of
Thereby, the opening areas of the second and fourth cooling water lines are increased in a stepwise manner, thus permitting the outflow of the high-temperature cooling water having stayed in the second and fourth cooling water lines while the cooling water flow therethrough has been stopped. Here, this mode switching is performed after a sufficient amount of time has elapsed since the resumption of the operation of internal combustion engine 10, and thus its impact to the operation of internal combustion engine 10 is sufficiently curbed. As an alternative processing for resuming cooling water flow through the second and fourth cooling water lines after the resumption of the operation of internal combustion engine 10, control device 100 may perform processing illustrated in the flowchart of
In step S355, control device 100 determines whether or not the operation of internal combustion engine 10 has resumed in response to the cancellation of idle reduction. When control device 100 determines that the operation of internal combustion engine 10 has resumed in response to the cancellation of idle reduction, the operation proceeds to step S356. In step S356, control device 100 cancels the stop of cooling water flow through the second and fourth cooling water lines, and controls the target rotor angle of flow rate control valve 30 so as to gradually increase the opening areas of the second and fourth cooling water lines.
As a result, the high-temperature cooling water that stayed in the second and fourth cooling water lines during idle reduction gradually flows out. Thus, the above control prevents the high-temperature cooling water that stayed in the second and fourth cooling water lines from flowing out all at once and boosting the temperature of the entire cooling system upon the cancellation of idle reduction. As an alternative processing for resuming cooling water flow through the second and fourth cooling water lines after the resumption of the operation of internal combustion engine 10, control device 100 may perform processing illustrated in the flowchart of
In step S361, control device 100 determines whether or not the operation of internal combustion engine 10 has resumed in response to the cancellation of idle reduction. When control device 100 determines that the operation of internal combustion engine 10 has resumed in response to the cancellation of idle reduction, the operation proceeds to step S362. In step S362, control device 100 determines whether or not the oil temperatures are above their upper limit temperatures.
When control device 100 determines that the oil temperatures are below their upper limit temperatures, which indicates a low degree of need for circulating cooling water through oil cooler 16 and oil warmer 21, this routine ends immediately. Thereby, control device 100 continues to stop the cooling water flow through the second and fourth cooling water lines from during the previous idle reduction. On the other hand, when control device 100 determines that the oil temperatures are above their upper limit temperatures, the operation proceeds to step S363. In step S363, control device 100 resumes cooling water flow through the second and fourth cooling water lines by increasing the opening areas of the second and fourth cooling water lines in a stepwise manner. This allows a rapid reduction of the cooling water temperatures in the second and fourth cooling water lines, i.e., the oil temperatures of internal combustion engine 10 and/or transmission 20, thus allowing protection of the components of internal combustion engine 10 and transmission 20.
Furthermore, when the temperature of cylinder head 11, i.e., the combustion chamber wall temperature is reduced during idle reduction, the probability of knocking is reduced and the ignition timing can be further advanced. Such ignition timing advance leads to an increase in the output torque, thus improving fuel economy during acceleration at the vehicle start. Assume here that cooling water flow through the third cooling water line (heater core 91) is stopped in addition to the stop of cooling water flow through the second and fourth cooling water lines. This will reduce the temperature of cylinder head 11 more efficiently, but in turn will deteriorate air heating performance during idle reduction, thus permitting a decrease in vehicle interior temperature during air heating because the cooling water flow through heater core 91 is stopped.
The system configuration of
In the system configuration of
Thus, thermostat 95 opens when the cooling water temperature in cylinder block cooling water passage 62 exceeds the valve opening temperature of thermostat 95. The open state of thermostat 95 allows the cooling water flowing through cylinder head cooling water passage 61 to be partially diverted into cylinder block cooling water passage 62. The cooling water having flowed through cylinder block cooling water passage 62 passes through thermostat 95, then flows through ninth cooling water pipe 96, and joins the cooling water flowing through first cooling water pipe 71.
The cooling water temperature to open thermostat 95 is set such that thermostat 95 is maintained closed in low and middle load operation states (within the normal operation range) of internal combustion engine 10 and that thermostat 95 opens in a high load operation state (approximately at 90 to 95° C., for example) of internal combustion engine 10. In the system of
In the system configuration of
Then, as the rotor angle of flow rate control valve 30 exceeds and increases above the first rotor angle A1, the opening ratio of inlet port 33, connected to the third cooling water line, gradually increases with inlet ports 32, 34, connected to the first and fourth cooling water lines, maintained fully closed. The opening ratio of inlet port 33 reaches the maximum when the rotor angle becomes a second rotor angle A2. As the rotor angle further increases from the angular position A2, at which the opening ratio of inlet port 33 reaches the maximum, the opening ratio of inlet port 32, connected to the fourth cooling water line, gradually increases. The opening ratio of inlet port 33 reaches the maximum when the rotor angle becomes a third rotor angle A3. Thus, at the third rotor angle A3, inlet ports 32, 33 are both fully opened and inlet port 34 is maintained fully closed.
As the rotor angle further increases above the third rotor angle A3, the opening ratio of inlet port 34, connected to the first cooling water line, gradually increases. The opening ratio of inlet port 34 reaches the maximum when the rotor angle becomes a fourth rotor angle A4. Thus, at the fourth rotor angle A4, all inlet ports 32 to 34 are fully opened. As the rotor angle further increases above the fourth rotor angle A4, the opening ratio of inlet port 32, connected to the fourth cooling water line, gradually decreases from the maximum. Inlet port 32 becomes fully closed again when the rotor angle becomes a fifth rotor angle A5. Thus, at the fifth rotor angle A5, inlet port 32 (second path) is fully closed and inlet ports 33, 34 (first path) are maintained fully opened.
Here, the rotor angle of flow rate control valve 30 is controlled based on the reference position (initial position), which corresponds to 0 degrees, where 0 degrees<first rotor angle A1<second rotor angle A2<third rotor angle A3<fourth rotor angle A4<fifth rotor angle A5. In other words, the opening area of inlet port 33 (third cooling water line) increases in accordance with an increase in the rotor angle from the first rotor angle A1 to the second rotor angle A2, and inlet port 33 is maintained fully opened from the second rotor angle A2 to the fifth rotor angle A5.
Inlet port 32 (fourth cooling water line) is maintained fully closed from the first rotor angle A1 to the second rotor angle A2, and the opening area of inlet port 32 increases in accordance with an increase in the rotor angle from the second rotor angle A2 to the third rotor angle A3. Inlet port 32 is maintained fully opened from the third rotor angle A3 to the fourth rotor angle A4, and the opening area of inlet port 32 decreases in accordance with an increase in the rotor angle form the fourth rotor angle A4 to the fifth rotor angle A5. Inlet port 32 becomes fully closed again at the fifth rotor angle A5.
Inlet port 34 (first cooling water line) is maintained fully closed from the first rotor angle A1 to the third rotor angle A3, and the opening area of inlet port 34 increases in accordance with an increase in the rotor angle from the third rotor angle A3 to the fourth rotor angle A4. Inlet port 34 is maintained fully opened from the fourth rotor angle A4 to the fifth rotor angle A5. Note that, although
Water temperature sensor 81 for measuring the head outlet water temperature is disposed at the outlet of cylinder head cooling water passage 61. In the cooling device having the above configuration, control device 100 controls the rotor angle of flow rate control valve 30, i.e., the cooling water flow rates through the first, third and fourth cooling water lines, in accordance with the flowchart of
In step S510, first, control device 100 checks an idle reduction flag, which is turned on when internal combustion engine 10 is in an idle reduction state. When the idle reduction flag is off, that is, when internal combustion engine 10 is not in an idle reduction state but in an operating state, the operation proceeds to step S520. In step S520, control device 100 controls the rotor angle of flow rate control valve 30 within the angular range from the first rotor angle A1 to the fourth rotor angle A4 in accordance, for example, with the head outlet water temperature measured by water temperature sensor 81.
Specifically, in step S520, the rotor angle of flow rate control valve 30 is controlled in the same manner as in step S320 of the flowchart of
In addition, control device 100 controls the rotation speed of electric water pump 40 in parallel to the control of the rotor angle of flow rate control valve 30 described above. In other words, during engine warm-up, control device 100 accelerates the warm-up by limiting the rotation speed of electric water pump 40 to a low level. After the completion of the engine warm-up, control device 100 increases the rotation speed of electric water pump 40 as compared to during engine warm-up. In particular, when internal combustion engine 10 operates at such a high load that the rotor angle is set to the fourth rotor angle A4, control device 100 further increases the rotation speed of electric water pump 40 so as to maintain the cooling performance at a sufficient level.
On the other hand, when the idle reduction flag is on, that is, when internal combustion engine 10 is automatically stopped by the idle reduction function, the operation proceeds to step S530. In step S530, control device 100 sets the target rotation speed of electric water pump 40 to the target value for the idle reduction state as in step S330.
Then, the operation proceeds to step S540 during the idle reduction state of internal combustion engine 10. In step S540, control device 100 sets the target rotor angle of flow rate control valve 30 to the fifth rotor angle A5 so as to fully open the first and third cooling water lines (first path) and fully close the fourth cooling water line (second path). Alternatively, in step S540, control device 100 may set the target rotor angle of flow rate control valve 30 to a different target rotor angle preset for the idle reduction state that satisfies: fourth rotor angle A4<target rotor angle preset for the idle reduction state<fifth rotor angle A5.
Here, in the cooling device, thermostat 95, which controls the cooling water flow rate through cylinder block cooling water passage 62, is kept closed during a normal idle reduction state. In other words, during idle reduction of internal combustion engine 10, cooling water flow through cylinder block cooling water passage 62 and oil warmer 21 (fourth cooling water line) is stopped (or reduced by narrowing the corresponding opening). As a result, most of the cooling water circulates through the first and third cooling water lines which are maintained fully opened during idle reduction.
Thus, even when thermostat 95 has been maintained fully closed so as to stop the cooling water circulation through cylinder block cooling water passage 62 and thermostat 95 since before the start of the idle reduction state, the cooling water having flowed through oil warmer 21 (fourth cooling water line) starts to additionally enter the first and third cooling water lines in response to reduction of the cooling water flow through oil warmer 21 (fourth cooling water line) upon the start of idle reduction.
Thus, during idle reduction, even though the discharge rate of electric water pump 40 is maintained unchanged from before the idle reduction, the cooling water flow rates through the first and third cooling water lines increase as compared to before idle reduction. An increase in the supply rate of the cooling water through the first cooling water line during idle reduction as compared to before idle reduction accelerates the temperature decrease of cylinder head 11 during idle reduction, thus lowering the probability of knocking in internal combustion engine 10 upon engine restart.
This allows control device 100 to further advance the ignition timing of internal combustion engine 10 during acceleration at the vehicle start from the idle reduction state. As a result, the fuel economy of internal combustion engine 10 during acceleration at the vehicle start is improved. Furthermore, during idle reduction, control device 100 increases the supply rate of the cooling water to the first cooling water line without increasing the discharge rate of electric water pump 40. This allows electric power consumption by electric water pump 40 to less diminish the improvement in fuel economy.
Furthermore, during idle reduction, control device 100 increases the supply rate of the cooling water to the third cooling water line in addition to the first cooling water line as compared to before idle reduction. In other words, control device 100 increases the rate of the cooling water circulating through heater core 91 during idle reduction. This curbs the temperature decrease of air for air conditioning (at the air outlet) during idle reduction while the vehicle air heater is on. Thus, it is possible to improve air heating performance during idle reduction.
During idle reduction, control device 100 may fix the target rotor angle of flow rate control valve 30 to the fifth rotor angle A5, but not exclusively. Alternatively, instead of fixing to the fifth rotor angle A5, control device 100 may variably control the rotor angle of flow rate control valve 30 within a range below the fifth rotor angle A5 in accordance, for example, with the need for oil cooling. Thereby, control device 100 controls the rate of the cooling water flow through oil warmer 21 (the fourth cooling water line) to a minimal value that satisfies the need for oil cooling instead of stopping the water flow therethrough. Specifically, control device 100 may variably control the rotor angle of flow rate control valve 30 during idle reduction within the range between the fourth rotor angle A4 and the fifth rotor angle A5 in accordance with the oil temperature of transmission 20.
For example, control device 100 may control the rotor angle of flow rate control valve 30 during idle reduction such that the higher the oil temperature of transmission 20, the smaller the rotor angle within the range between the fourth rotor angle A4 and the fifth rotor angle A5. Thereby, control device 100 may increase the cooling water flow rate through oil warmer 21 (fourth cooling water line) as the oil temperature increases. In this way, during idle reduction, control device 100 accelerates the temperature decrease of cylinder head 11 while avoiding an excessive rise in the oil temperature of transmission 20. Among the control measures employed in the system configuration of
Although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiment, it is apparent that the invention may be modified in various forms by one skilled in the art based on the fundamental technical concept and teachings of the invention. In the above embodiments, cooling water flow through heater core 91 is maintained permitted during idle reduction. Alternatively, however, cooling water flow through heater core 91 may be permitted during idle reduction only when the air conditioner is in heating operation.
Furthermore, the configurations of the cooling water circulation paths and the flow rate control valve that allow processing for increasing the ratio of cooling water circulation through the heater core and radiator as compared to before automatic engine stop are not limited to those illustrated in
A still alternative configuration may be employed which includes a cooling device in which the fourth cooling water line is omitted among the first to fourth cooling water lines illustrated in
Furthermore, in the cooling water circulation path illustrated in
Furthermore, in the configuration illustrated in
Below, technical concepts which can be grasped from the above embodiments will be described.
According to an aspect a cooling device for an internal combustion engine of a vehicle, the cooling device comprises: an electric water pump for circulating cooling water; a first path including a cooling water passage in a cylinder head and extending through a heater core for vehicle air heating and a radiator; a second path bypassing the heater core and the radiator; path switching means for controlling an opening area of the second path; and control means which, when the internal combustion engine is automatically stopped while the vehicle is stopping, causes the electric water pump to operate and causes the path switching means to reduce the opening area of the second path as compared to before the internal combustion engine is automatically stopped.
In a preferred aspect of the cooling device for the internal combustion engine of a vehicle, the control means reduces a rotation speed of the electric water pump in accordance with a decrease in a temperature of the cooling water after the internal combustion engine is automatically stopped.
In another preferred aspect, after the temperature of the cooling water has been reduced to a predetermined temperature after the internal combustion engine is automatically stopped, the control means maintains the electric water pump to operate at a predetermined lowest rotation speed.
In a still another preferred aspect, the second path extends through at least one of a heat exchanger for oil of the internal combustion engine and a heat exchanger for oil of a powertrain for the internal combustion engine, and, when the internal combustion engine is automatically stopped, the control means reduces the opening area of the second path such that the lower the temperature of the oil, the greater a reduction amount of the opening area of the second path.
In a still another preferred aspect, when the temperature of the cooling water has been reduced to a predetermined temperature after the internal combustion engine is automatically stopped, the control means increases the opening area of the second path.
In a still another preferred aspect, the control means increases the opening area of the second path after the temperature of the oil has reached a predetermined temperature after restart of the internal combustion engine.
In a still another preferred aspect, the control means increases the opening area of the second path after a predetermined delay time has elapsed since restart of the internal combustion engine.
In a still another preferred aspect, the first path includes: a radiator line including the cooling water passage in the cylinder head and extending through the radiator; and a heater line including the cooling water passage in the cylinder head, extending through the heater core and bypassing the radiator, the second path includes a powertrain line including the cooling water passage in the cylinder head, extending through the heat exchanger for the oil of the powertrain and bypassing the radiator, and when the internal combustion engine is automatically stopped while the vehicle is stopping, the control means causes the electric water pump to operate and causes the path switching means to reduce the opening area of the powertrain line.
In a still another preferred aspect, in addition to the powertrain line, the second path further includes a block line including a cooling water passage in a cylinder block, extending through the heat exchanger for the oil of the internal combustion engine and bypassing the radiator, and when the internal combustion engine is automatically stopped while the vehicle is stopping, the control means causes the electric water pump to operate and causes the path switching means to reduce the opening areas of the powertrain line and the block line.
According to an aspect of a method for controlling a cooling device for an internal combustion engine of a vehicle, the cooling device includes: an electric water pump for circulating cooling water; a first path including a cooling water passage in a cylinder head and extending through a heater core for vehicle air heating and a radiator; and a second path bypassing the heater core and the radiator, the method comprising the steps of: detecting whether or not the internal combustion engine is automatically stopped while the vehicle is stopping; controlling so as to cause the electric water pump to operate when the internal combustion engine is automatically stopped; and increasing a ratio of a cooling water circulation rate through the first path while reducing a ratio of a cooling water circulation rate through the second path when the internal combustion engine is automatically stopped.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2015-246108 | Dec 2015 | JP | national |
| Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2016/086995 | 12/13/2016 | WO | 00 |
| Publishing Document | Publishing Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| WO2017/104636 | 6/22/2017 | WO | A |
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| Entry |
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| Japanese Office Action dated May 22, 2018 as issued in corresponding Japanese Application No. 2015-246108 and its partial English translation thereof. |
| German Office Action dated Oct. 23, 2018 as issued in corresponding German Application No. 11 2016 003 821.6 and its partial English translation thereof. |
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| German Office Action dated Jan. 22, 2019 in corresponding German Application No. 112017000301.6 with partial English translation thereof. |
| Number | Date | Country | |
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| 20180245503 A1 | Aug 2018 | US |
