Patent Grant
10813469
The present embodiments relate to cooling support cushions and methods of producing the same. In particular, the present embodiments relate to cooling support cushions and methods of producing the same that make use of a plurality of surface coatings to provide an extended cooling effect.
The effectiveness and desirability of a support cushion is partly a function of how comfortable a user is on the support cushion over an extended period of time. In this regard, many users find support cushions, and in particular mattresses, which are made of a visco-elastic foam to be uncomfortably warm after an extended period of time. One solution to this problem is the inclusion of phase change materials that absorb heat as they change from a solid to a liquid phase, i.e., melt. These phase change materials, however, typically only cool for a short span of time.
Accordingly, there remains a need in the art for a support cushion that provides an extended cooling experience.
The present embodiments include cooling support cushions and methods of producing the same. In particular, the present embodiments include cooling support cushions and methods of producing the same that make use of a plurality of surface coatings to provide an extended cooling effect.
In some embodiments, a support cushion is provided that includes a base layer having a lower surface and an upper surface, and a plurality of surface coatings positioned atop the upper surface of the base layer. The plurality of surface coatings are configured to allow an amount of air to flow through the base layer and the plurality of surface coatings, and the plurality of surface coatings are further configured to provide a cooling effect. In one embodiment, the base layer is a flexible foam. In another embodiment, the airflow retained through the lower surface of the base layer is from about 60% to about 80% and the airflow retained through the upper surface of the base layer and the plurality of surface coatings is from about 40% to about 60%. In some embodiments, one or more of the plurality of surface coatings includes an additive that has a thermal conductivity higher than a thermal conductivity of the base layer.
In one embodiment, the plurality of surface coatings comprises two surface coatings. In another embodiment, the plurality of surface coatings comprises up to six surface coatings. Additionally or alternatively, in some embodiments, each of the plurality of surface coatings has a thickness of less than about 5 mm. In one embodiment, the plurality of surface coatings collectively have a thickness of less than about 5 mm.
In one embodiment, one or more of the plurality of surface coatings comprises isocyanate and a polyol. In another embodiment, one or more of the plurality of surface coatings includes an amount of phase change material. In a further embodiment, the phase change material is configured to undergo a phase change at a temperature of about 20° C. to about 36° C.
In some embodiments, a method of producing a support cushion includes the steps of providing a base layer having a lower surface and an upper surface; applying a plurality of surface coatings to the upper surface of the base layer, the plurality of surface coatings configured to allow an amount of air to flow through the base layer and the plurality of surface coatings and further configured to provide a cooling effect. In one embodiment, the step of applying a plurality of surface coatings comprises applying three surface coatings. In another embodiment, the step of applying a plurality of surface coatings comprises applying up to six surface coatings. In a further embodiment, the method also includes the steps of applying a liquid precursor to the upper surface of the base layer; and curing the liquid precursor to form one of the plurality of surface coatings on the upper surface of the base layer. In certain embodiments, the method further includes the step of combining isocyanate and polyol to form the liquid precursor. In some embodiments, one or more of the plurality of surface coatings includes an amount of phase change material.
In some embodiments, a method of producing a support cushion is provided that includes the steps of providing a base layer having a lower surface and an upper surface; applying a first surface coating to the upper surface of the base layer, with the first surface coating including an amount of phase change material; applying a second surface coating atop the first surface coating, with the second surface coating including an isocyanate and a polyol; and applying a third surface coating atop the second surface coating, with the third surface coating also including an amount of phase change material.
Further features and advantages of the present invention will become evident to those of ordinary skill in the art after a study of the description, figures, and non-limiting examples in this document.
The details of one or more embodiments of the presently-disclosed subject matter are set forth in this document. Modifications to embodiments described in this document, and other embodiments, will be evident to those of ordinary skill in the art after a study of the information provided in this document. The information provided in this document, and particularly the specific details of the described exemplary embodiments, is provided primarily for clearness of understanding and no unnecessary limitations are to be understood therefrom. In case of conflict, the specification of this document, including definitions, will control.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as is commonly understood by one of skill in the art to which the invention(s) belong. All patents, patent applications, published applications and publications, databases, websites and other published materials referred to throughout the entire disclosure herein, unless noted otherwise, are incorporated by reference in their entirety. In the event that there are a plurality of definitions for terms herein, those in this section prevail. Where reference is made to a URL or other such identifier or address, it understood that such identifiers can change and particular information on the internet can come and go, but equivalent information can be found by searching the internet. Reference thereto evidences the availability and public dissemination of such information.
Although any methods, devices, and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein can be used in the practice or testing of the presently-disclosed subject matter, representative methods, devices, and materials are now described.
Following long-standing patent law convention, the terms “a”, “an”, and “the” refer to “one or more” when used in this application, including the claims. Thus, for example, reference to “a layer” includes a plurality of such layers, and so forth.
Unless otherwise indicated, all numbers expressing quantities of ingredients, properties such as reaction conditions, and so forth used in the specification and claims are to be understood as being modified in all instances by the term “about”. Accordingly, unless indicated to the contrary, the numerical parameters set forth in this specification and claims are approximations that can vary depending upon the desired properties sought to be obtained by the presently-disclosed subject matter.
As used herein, the term “about,” when referring to a value or to an amount of mass, weight, time, volume, concentration or percentage is meant to encompass variations of in some embodiments ±20%, in some embodiments ±10%, in some embodiments ±5%, in some embodiments ±1%, in some embodiments ±0.5%, and in some embodiments ±0.1% from the specified amount, as such variations are appropriate to perform the disclosed method.
As used herein, ranges can be expressed as from “about” one particular value, and/or to “about” another particular value. It is also understood that there are a number of values disclosed herein, and that each value is also herein disclosed as “about” that particular value in addition to the value itself. For example, if the value “10” is disclosed, then “about 10” is also disclosed. It is also understood that each unit between two particular units are also disclosed. For example, if 10 and 15 are disclosed, then 11, 12, 13, and 14 are also disclosed.
The present invention includes cooling support cushions and methods of producing the same. In particular, the present invention includes cooling support cushions and methods of producing the same that make use of a plurality of surface coatings to provide an extended cooling effect.
Referring first to
The base layer 20 of the support cushion is generally comprised of a flexible foam that is capable of suitably distributing pressure from a user's body or portion thereof across the support cushion 10. Various flexible foams can be used in this regard including, but not limited to, latex foam, reticulated or non-reticulated visco-elastic foam (sometimes referred to as memory foam or low-resilience foam), reticulated or non-reticulated non-visco-elastic foam, polyurethane high-resilience foam, expanded polymer foams (e.g., expanded ethylene vinyl acetate, polypropylene, polystyrene, or polyethylene), and the like, but in any case, the flexible foam used in the base layer 20 of the support cushion 10 is porous and typically allows an amount of air to flow through the base layer of the support cushion 10.
In some exemplary embodiments, the flexible foam comprising the base layer 20 is comprised of a visco-elastic polyurethane foam having a hardness of at least about 10 N to no greater than about 80 N, as measured by exerting pressure from a plate against a sample of the material to a compression of at least 40% of an original thickness of the material at approximately room temperature (i.e., 21° C. to 23° C.), where the 40% compression is held for a set period of time as established by the International Organization of Standardization (ISO) 24 39 hardness measuring standard. In some embodiments, the visco-elastic foam comprising the base layer 20 has a hardness of about 10 N, about 20 N, about 30 N, about 40 N, about 50 N, about 60 N, about 70 N, or about 80 N to provide a desired degree of comfort and body-conforming qualities.
The visco-elastic foam described herein for use in the base layer 20 of the support cushion 10 can also have a density that assists in providing a desired degree of comfort and body-conforming qualities, as well as an increased degree of material durability. In some embodiments, the density of the visco-elastic foam used in the base layer 20 has a density of no less than about 30 kg/m3 to no greater than about 150 kg/m3. In some embodiments, the density of the visco-elastic foam used in the base layer of the support cushion is about 30 kg/m3, about 40 kg/m3, about 50 kg/m3, about 60 kg/m3, about 70 kg/m3, about 80 kg/m3, about 90 kg/m3, about 100 kg/m3, about 110 kg/m3, about 120 kg/m3, about 130 kg/m3, about 140 kg/m3, or about 150 kg/m3. Of course, the selection of a visco-elastic foam having a particular density will affect other characteristics of the foam, including its hardness, the manner in which the foam responds to pressure, and the overall feel of the foam, but it is appreciated that a visco-elastic foam having a desired density and hardness can readily be selected for an exemplary support cushion or for a particular application as desired. Moreover, although the base layer 20 of the support cushion 10 shown in
Regardless of the particular density and hardness values of a base layer 20, and turning now to the plurality of surface coatings 32, 34, 36 applied to the upper surface 24 of the base layer 20, each of the surface coatings 32, 34, 36 is typically applied individually to the base layer 20 as a liquid or liquid precursor which then dries or cures to form the respective surface coating. Specifically, in the exemplary embodiment shown in
As mentioned above, each the plurality of surface coatings 32, 34, 36 are configured to allow air to flow through the plurality of surface coatings 32, 34, 36 and the base layer 20 (as illustrated in
In some embodiments, one or more of the plurality of surface coatings 32, 34, 36 applied to the base layer 20 also includes an amount of phase change material. In one embodiment, the phase change material improves and/or increases the cooling effect of the plurality of surface coatings 32, 34, 36. In another embodiment, the phase change material is included in any suitable amount and/or in any suitable surface coating 32, 34, 36 or combination of surface coatings 32, 34, 36. For example, in the exemplary embodiment shown in
With further regard to the phase change material, in some embodiments, the phase change material utilized in the surface coatings is a phase change material (PCM) slurry manufactured and sold by Microtek Laboratories, Inc. (Dayton, Ohio). Other exemplary phase change materials that can be utilized include a PCM slurry or a PCM cake manufactured and sold by Encapsys, LLC (Appleton, Wis.). In some embodiments, the phase change material used in the support cushions of the present invention undergoes its phase change at a temperature of about 20° C. to about 36° C. Of course, other phase change materials can also be used in the surface coatings of the present invention to provide an amount of cooling and can be configured to undergo a phase change at alternative temperature ranges depending on the particular intended use of the support cushion. In some embodiments, however, to further improve the cooling effect, one or more of the plurality of surface coatings can also include additional additives that have a higher thermal conductivity than the base layer 20.
As noted above, in the exemplary embodiment shown in
In certain embodiments, the particular components included in each of the individual surface coatings as well as the particular ratios of each component can vary depending on the desired properties of the resulting surface coating. Furthermore, each surface coating can be comprised of a unique combination of components and/or ratios without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Several exemplary surface coatings and PCM formulations are described in Tables 1 to 4. In the examples in Tables 1 and 2, which describe multiple formulations of liquid precursors, a first surface coating is applied directly onto the upper surface of the base layer (i.e., “PCM Mixture 1st Spray” in Table 1), a second surface coating is applied on top of the first surface coating (i.e., “Gel Mixture” in Table 1), and a third surface coating is applied on top of the second surface coating (i.e., “PCM Mixture 2nd Spray” in Table 1), but these examples should not be considered limiting.
As also illustrated in Tables 1 and 2, the initial airflow through the base layer is, in all cases, about 70% of the original airflow applied to the base layer. After applying the three surface coatings, the airflow through the lower surface of the base layer decreases negligibly to a range of about 65% to about 70%. Although the airflow through the upper surface of the base layer and the plurality of surface coatings shows a more substantial decrease to a range of about 45% to about 57%, a significant portion of the original airflow is still maintained. In some embodiments, the airflow through the lower surface of the base layer is from about 60% to about 80% and the airflow through the upper surface of the base layer and the plurality of surface coatings is from about 40% to about 65%. In some embodiments, about 65% of the airflow observed in base layer prior to application of the surface coatings is retained after application of the surface coating in accordance with the methods of the present invention.
Although
In any event, each of the plurality of surface coatings is formed with a thickness of less than 5 mm and the plurality of surface coatings collectively are typically less than 5 mm thick. In this regard, the plurality of surface coatings used in accordance with the present invention increase the thermal mass of the support cushion, and the application of multiple layers of the surface coating (with each layer still allowing airflow through the surface coatings) also increases the total amount of phase change material that can be effectively used in the support cushion. Both of these characteristics provide higher thermal effusivity of the support cushion, which, in turn, can provide for a longer lasting cooling effect in a variety of different types and configurations of support cushions. In some embodiments of the present invention, the application of phase change material can be increased from about 20 to about 200 grams/square foot, and the thermal mass can also be increased by increasing the amount of the reactive gel layer (which is typically in the range of 20 to 80 grams/square foot). Both increases provide a higher thermal effusivity which allows for a cooler feeling longer at the point of contact between the user and the various support cushions.
With respect to the support cushions of the present invention, it is contemplated that the support cushions described above can be in the form of pillows, mattresses, seat cushions, seat backs, neck pillows, leg spacer pillows, mattress toppers, overlays, and the like. As such, the phrase “support cushion” is used herein to refer to any and all such objects having any size and shape, and that are capable of or are generally used to support the body of a user or a portion thereof.
Regardless of the particular form of the support cushion of the present invention, each of the exemplary support cushions described herein can also be produced by an exemplary implementation of a method for producing a support cushion in accordance with the present invention. Referring now to
Referring still to
In any event, and referring still to
After the liquid precursor forming the second surface coating has reacted for an appropriate amount of time and the resultant second surface coating has formed, a third surface coating, which is also comprised of a liquid including an amount of phase change material, is then applied atop the second surface coating, as indicated by step 112, to thus produce a support cushion that includes a plurality of surface coatings and that provides a cooling effect to a user resting on the support cushion.
Throughout this document, various references may be mentioned. All such references are incorporated herein by reference, including the references set forth in the following list:
One of ordinary skill in the art will recognize that additional embodiments are also possible without departing from the teachings of the present invention or the scope of the claims which follow. This detailed description, and particularly the specific details of the exemplary embodiments disclosed herein, is given primarily for clarity of understanding, and no unnecessary limitations are to be understood therefrom, for modifications will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading this disclosure and may be made without departing from the spirit or scope of the claimed invention.
This 371 National Stage Entry Patent Application claims priority to and benefit of, under 35 U.S.C. § 119(e), PCT application number PCT/US2016/069456, filed Dec. 30, 2016, titled, “Cooling Support Cushion and Method of Producing the Same”, which is incorporated by reference herein. This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application Ser. No. 62/272,952, filed Dec. 30, 2015, the entire disclosure of which is incorporated herein by this reference.
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