Patent Application
20230100546
The disclosure relates to a cooling system for an electric vehicle. The cooling system comprises an on-board charger in cooling fluid connection with a cooling fluid pump, a cooling system radiator and a vehicle component. The disclosure also relates to a method for increased cooling power of a vehicle component.
Electrified vehicles running on stored battery power must finely balance the amount of charge there is in the battery, how much power is used to propel the vehicle, how much is used for auxiliary systems and what is lost in pure energy loss. This balancing directly affects the electric vehicle's range. The energy consumption by the auxiliary systems ranges from about 200 to 800 W (normal to low use), depending on test cycle, conditions and vehicle.
Electric vehicles capable of being charged by an external power source use an on-board charger to charge the battery from the external power source. The on-board charger is connected to a cooling circuit that cools the electric motor and the combined inverter DC/DC when driving and the on-board charger during charging. The cooling circuit is designed in such a way that cooling liquid flows through the components even during times when they do not need cooling.
U.S. Pat. No. 6,094,927 discloses a cooling circuit where the batteries and other electrical components can be cooled by an electric fan. A fan, however, requires power to run and will thereby affect the range of the vehicle.
An objective of the disclosure is to provide a cooling system and a method for increased cooling power of a vehicle component.
The disclosure relates to a cooling system for an electric vehicle. The cooling system comprises an on-board charger in cooling fluid connection with a cooling fluid pump, a cooling system radiator, a vehicle component and a cooling fluid being pumped through each of the on-board charger and the vehicle component by the cooling fluid pump. The on-board charger comprises a heat exchanging arrangement arranged on a housing of the on-board charger. When an airflow generated from the vehicle driving flows over the heat exchanging arrangement, the heat exchanging arrangement is arranged to cool the cooling fluid pumped through the on-board charger by means of heat exchange between the cooling fluid and the airflow.
One advantage with the cooling system according to the disclosure is that is increases the cooling of the vehicle component. The vehicle component is for instance an electric motor and/or a combined inverter and DC/DC converter.
In electric vehicles, a cooling system is arranged to cool down various vehicle components during drive as well as the on-board charger when standing still during charge. The cooling system is designed such that cooling fluid flows through said vehicle components even if one does not need cooling. The on-board charger is today regarded as a pure passive component during driving but cooling fluid is still pumped through it when the cooling fluid pump is engaged. The way the on-board charger is used today, leaving it passive during driving, adapting the on-board charger for exchanging heat between the cooling fluid that runs inside the on-board charger and ambient air flowing past the on-board charger due to the motion of the vehicle during driving improves the overall cooling effect in the cooling system.
The on-board charger may be arranged in connection to an air channel and the airflow is a ram airflow generated in the air channel from the vehicle driving, wherein the ram airflow is directed to flow over the heat exchanging arrangement via openings in the air channel, and/or wherein at least a part of the heat exchanging arrangement extends into the ram airflow in the air channel such that the ram air flow flows over the heat exchanging arrangement.
The on-board charger is normally located in a low temperature zone in the vehicle, close to an air channel. Modifying the on-board charger to be arranged in connection to an air channel, the on-board charger's material properties and the orientation of the internal cooling channels in the on-board charger makes ram airflow a suitable way to transport air with a cooler temperature than the cooling fluid inside the on-board charger. In this way, an efficient cooling can be achieved.
The heat exchanging arrangement may be arranged on an outer surface of a housing lid of the on-board charger.
By arranging the heat exchanging arrangement on an outer surface of a housing lid of the on-board charger, i.e. on a front outer side of the on-board charger, the heat exchanging arrangement will in an easy way, provide the on-board charger with a heat exchanging ability without having to change the on-board charger internally. Inside the on-board charger, superficial internal cooling ducts run, making the distance between the outside of the housing and the internal cooling ducts small. By installing the heat exchanging arrangement on the outer surface of the housing lid, the heat exchanging arrangement can be easily replaced and no need of any changes to component of the on-board charger is required. Accessing the interior of the on-board charger is not affected.
The heat exchanging arrangement may comprise a cooling flange or cooling fins.
Different types of heat exchanging arrangements may be provided in order to make the on-board charger function as a heat exchanger. A cooling flange or cooling fins are two examples, but other alternatives are of course possible.
The on-board charger may be arranged essentially parallel to a grill of the vehicle and the air channel is an air channel arranged to create an air curtain over a front tire.
One alternative location for the on-board charger is to essentially keep in a position where it is located today. With minor modifications to the on-board chargers orientation and position, an existing air channel arranged to create an air curtain over a front tire can also be used to provide ram airflow over the on-board charger to provide cooling.
The on-board charger may be arranged adjacent a main radiator and the air channel is an air channel arranged to direct air over the main radiator.
A further alternative location for the on-board charger could be to place the on-board charger adjacent the vehicle's main radiator, i.e. the radiator that is used to provide cooling/heating for e.g. the vehicle's air conditioning. In this position, the air channel providing the ram airflow over the on-board charger is either the air channel arranged to direct air over the main radiator or a by-pass air channel directing air from the air channel arranged to direct air over the main radiator.
The on-board charger may be arranged under a lower engine under shield of the vehicle and the air channel is an air channel in the lower engine under shield.
A further alternative location for the on-board charger could be to place the on-board charger under a lower engine under shield of the vehicle and forming an air channel in the lower engine under shield to provide the ram airflow over the on-board charger.
The on-board charger may be arranged between the vehicle component and the cooling system radiator in the cooling system.
In order to further improve the cooling effect, the on-board charger could be placed between the vehicle component and the cooling system radiator in the cooling system. This would put the on-board charger before the cooling system radiator, thereby leading to the greatest total cooling effect of the cooling system.
The heat exchanging arrangement may be a passive heat exchanging arrangement.
In one alternative embodiment, the heat exchanging arrangement may be a passive heat exchanging arrangement meaning that the heat exchanging arrangement is not cooled by anything besides an airflow generated from the vehicle driving flows over the heat exchanging arrangement.
The heat exchanging arrangement may be an active heat exchanging arrangement, wherein the cooling flange or cooling fins is arranged to also be provided with a coolant medium.
As an alternative to a passive heat exchanging arrangement, the heat exchanging arrangement may be an active heat exchanging arrangement, meaning that additional cooling is provided to the heat exchanging arrangement on the housing lid of the on-board charger. A coolant medium with a temperature lower than the cooling fluid inside the on-board charger could be provided to the active heat exchanging arrangement, thereby leading to an increase in cooling effect. The coolant medium could be provided from for instance the air conditioning cooling system, the battery cooling system or another cooling system of the vehicle.
The disclosure also relates to a vehicle comprising a cooling system according to the above description.
The disclosure also relates to a method for increased cooling power of a vehicle component, wherein a cooling system comprises an on-board charger in cooling fluid connection with a cooling fluid pump, a cooling system radiator, the vehicle component and a cooling fluid being pumped through each of the on-board charger and the vehicle component by the cooling fluid pump, wherein the method comprises:
The method may also comprise:
The method may also comprise:
The method may also comprise:
The advantages with the method are the same as for the cooling system described above.
Within the context of the disclosure, an electric vehicle includes all kinds of electric vehicles that can be charged from an external power source, including plug-in electric vehicles and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles.
The cooling system 1 provides cooling to the vehicle components 4 during driving and cooling to the on-board charger 3 when the vehicle is standing still during charging. The cooling system 1 is designed so that cooling fluid will flow through the cooling system 1 even if one or more of the parts of the cooling system 1 do not need cooling. During driving of the electric vehicle, the on-board charger 3 can be regarded as purely passive even though cooling fluid is continuously pumped through it when the cooling fluid pump 5 is engaged.
The cooling system 1 has a maximum operating temperature of about 65-75° C. and by equipping the on-board charger 3 with a heat exchanging arrangement, the on-board charger 3 due to its usage, design and placement in the engine compartment can be utilized as an additional heat exchanger during driving. By making small changes to the on-board charger 3, it can be turned to a heat exchanger providing additional cooling power to cool one or more vehicle components 4 during driving. By doing so, the fan and pump usage during electric drive is lowered and some of the parasitic losses in the vehicle's systems can be cancelled.
To assist with the cooling, an airflow generated from the vehicle driving is arranged to flow over the heat exchanging arrangement.
The heat exchanging arrangement 9 is in one alternative configuration a passive heat exchanging arrangement meaning that the heat exchanging arrangement 9 is not cooled by anything besides an airflow generated from the vehicle driving flows over the heat exchanging arrangement 9.
In a second alternative configuration (not shown), the heat exchanging arrangement 9 is an active heat exchanging arrangement, wherein the cooling flange or cooling fins is arranged to also be provided with a coolant medium, meaning that additional cooling can be provided to the heat exchanging arrangement on the housing lid of the on-board charger.
Alternatively, air from the air channel 13 can be diverted over the heat exchanging arrangement 9 to provide cooling to the heat exchanging arrangement 9. In this case, the on-board charger 3 can be oriented with the front side 10 facing forward.
In all three positions described above, the airflow going over the on-board charger will not be directly affected by warm air from the main cooling system or from the engine compartment and will therefore be that of ambient temperature. The cooling fluid temperature in the on-board charger will for strained scenarios match that of the requirement for the combined inverter DC/DC converter or electric motor, i.e. 65-75° C. A high temperature delta between the ambient air and the cooling fluid can therefore be expected.
Although the disclosure has been illustrated and described in detail in the drawings and foregoing description, such illustration and description are to be considered illustrative or exemplary and the disclosure is not limited to the disclosed example embodiments.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 20193710.9 | Aug 2020 | EP | regional |
This application is a continuation of International Patent Application No. PCT/CN2021/114471, filed Aug. 25, 2021, which claims the benefit of European Patent Application No. 20193710.9, filed Aug. 31, 2020, the disclosures of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entireties.
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Parent | PCT/CN2021/114471 | Aug 2021 | US |
| Child | 18074463 | US |
