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| 2609193 | Foster | Sep 1952 | A |
| 3280890 | Presiosi | Oct 1966 | A |
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| 4886102 | Debs | Dec 1989 | A |
| 5054162 | Rogers | Oct 1991 | A |
| 5133399 | Hiller et al. | Jul 1992 | A |
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| 5184660 | Jelic | Feb 1993 | A |
| 5477904 | Yang | Dec 1995 | A |
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| 6012506 | Wang et al. | Jan 2000 | A |
| 6029734 | Wang et al. | Feb 2000 | A |
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| 6330899 | Ciuca et al. | Dec 2001 | B1 |
| 20020033241 | Palmer | Mar 2002 | A1 |
| Number | Date | Country |
|---|---|---|
| 0 534 261 | Mar 1993 | EP |
| 0 674 091 | Sep 1995 | EP |
| 883 709 | Jul 1943 | FR |
| 2 337 809 | Aug 1977 | FR |
| WO 9209779 | Jun 1992 | WO |
| Entry |
|---|
| International Search Report, International Application No. PCT/US02/35836, mailed Jan. 24, 2003. |
| F.A. Votta, The Theory and Design of Long-Deflection Constant-Force Spring Elements, Transactions of the Asme, May 1952, pp. 439-450. |