Patent Application
20230137405
The instant disclosure relates to stable cosmetic compositions that include high amounts of hydroxypropyl tetrahydropyrantriol; and to methods for stabilizing cosmetic compositions containing high amounts of hydroxypropyl tetrahydropyrantriol. The instant disclosure also describes methods for treating skin with the cosmetic compositions.
In an aspect, the present disclosure is directed to, among other things, cosmetic compositions including a surprisingly high amount of hydroxypropyl tetrahydropyrantriol. The cosmetic compositions retain their initial color (white or off-white color) over time, i.e., the cosmetic compositions do not darken or yellow, which is another indicator illustrating the stability of the compositions. Consumers prefer cosmetic compositions that retain their color, as color changes suggest instability, degradation of ingredients, and loss of efficacy. Hydroxypropyl tetrahydropyrantriol provides a myriad of cosmetic benefits to the skin but it is very difficult to incorporate high amounts of hydroxypropyl tetrahydropyrantriol into cosmetic compositions and retain stability. The inventors of the instant disclosure developed, among other things, surprisingly stable compositions that include high amounts of hydroxypropyl tetrahydropyrantriol and do not suffer from color changes. Due to the high amounts of hydroxypropyl tetrahydropyrantriol, the cosmetic compositions provide exceptional cosmetic properties to the skin, for example, reduction of fine lines and wrinkles, improving production of hyaluronic acid via stimulation of glycosaminoglycan (GAG) synthesis, softening of stratum corneum to relieve cumulative stress on the epidermis and dermis, among others.
In an aspect, the present disclosure is directed to, among other things, cosmetic compositions typically in the form of water in silicone emulsions. In an embodiment, the cosmetic compositions include:
Nonlimiting examples of silicone oils include dimethicone, dimethiconol, cyclopentasiloxane, cyclomethicone, cyclotetrasiloxane, cyclohexasiloxane, cycloheptasiloxane, decamethylcyclopentasiloxane, cyclotetrasiloxane, cyclotrisiloxane, capryldimethicone, caprylyl trimethicone, caprylyl methicone, cetearylmethicone, hexadecylmethicone, hexylmethicone, lauryl methicone, myristyl methicone, phenyl methicone, stearyl methicone, stearyl dimethicone, behenyl dimethicone, trifluoropropyl methicone, cetyl dimethicone, polyphenylmethylsiloxane, dimethylpolysiloxane, methylphenylpolysiloxane, methyltrimethicone, diphenylsiloxyphenyl trimethicone, and phenyl trimethicone, and mixtures thereof. In some embodiments, dimethicone is a particularly useful silicone oil.
Nonlimiting examples of non-emulsifying silicone elastomers include dimethicone crosspolymer, vinyl dimethicone crosspolymer, dimethicone/vinyl dimethicone crosspolymer, dimethicone crosspolymer-3, polysilicone-11, and mixtures thereof. In some embodiments, dimethicone crosspolymers is a particularly useful silicone elastomer.
Nonlimiting examples of dimethicone copolyol emulsifiers comprising at least one oxyethylene group and at least one oxypropylene group include bis-PEG/PPG-14/14 dimethicone, bis-isobutyl PEG/PPG-10/7 dimethicone copolymer, bis-PEG/PPG-18/6 dimethicone; bis-PEG/PPG-20/20 dimethicone, bis-PEG/PPG-16/16 dimethicone, cetyl PEG/PPG-15/16 butyl ether dimethicone, cetyl PEG/PPG-15/15 butyl ether dimethicone, cetyl PEG/PPG-7/3 dimethicone, cetyl PEG/PPG-10/1 dimethicone, dimethicone PEG/PPG-7/4 phosphate, dimethicone PEG/PPG-12/4 phosphate, PEG/PPG-28/21 acetate dimethicone, PEG/PPG-22/22 butyl ether dimethicone, PEG/PPG-23/23 butyl ether dimethicone, PEG/PPG-24/18 butyl ether dimethicone, PEG/PPG-3/10 dimethicone, PEG/PPG-4/12 dimethicone, PEG/PPG-6/11 dimethicone, PEG/PPG-8/14 dimethicone, PEG/PPG-12/16 dimethicone, PEG/PPG-12/18 dimethicone, PEG/PPG-14/4 dimethicone, PEG/PPG-15/5 dimethicone, PEG/PPG-15/15 dimethicone, PEG/PPG-16/2 dimethicone, PEG/PPG-16/8 dimethicone, PEG/PPG-17/18 dimethicone, PEG/PPG-18/12 dimethicone, PEG/PPG-19/19 dimethicone, PEG/PPG-20/6 dimethicone, PEG/PPG-20/15 dimethicone, PEG/PPG-20/20 dimethicone, PEG/PPG-20/29 dimethicone, PEG/PPG-22/23 dimethicone, PEG/PPG-22/24 dimethicone, PEG/PPG-25/25 dimethicone, PEG/PPG-27/27 dimethicone, PEG/PPG-30/10 dimethicone, PEG/PPG-10/3 oleyl ether dimethicone, and mixtures thereof.
Nonlimiting examples of water-soluble solvents include glycerin, mono-alcohols, polyols (polyhydric alcohols), glycols, and a mixture thereof. In an embodiments, the one or more water-soluble solvents may be chosen from propylene glycol, butylene glycol, pentylene glycole, dipropylene glycol, ethanol, isopropanol, t-butyl alcohol, and a mixture thereof.
In an embodiment, the cosmetic compositions may optionally include one or more miscellaneous ingredients. Nonlimiting examples of miscellaneous ingredients include miscellaneous emulsifiers/surfactants other than the dimethicone copolyol emulsifiers of (d), preservatives, fragrances, pH adjusters, salts, buffers, antioxidants, flavonoids, vitamins, botanical extracts, UV filtering agents, proteins, protein hydrolysates and/or isolates, hydrotropes, pearlescent agents, fillers, colorants, mattifying agents, further skin active agents, depigmenting agents, anti-wrinkle agents, and mixtures thereof. In an embodiment, the cosmetic composition include at least one further skin active agent, for example, madecassoside.
The weight ratio of the one or more silicone elastomers (c) to the one or more dimethicone copolyol emulsifiers comprising at least one oxyethylene group and at least one oxypropylene group (d) can vary greatly. However, in an embodiment, the weight ratio may be from about 5:1 to about 1 to 5.
In an embodiment, the cosmetic compositions form part of a kit comprising a cosmetic composition according to the instant disclosure and one or more separately contained compositions. In an embodiment, the compositions are received in a device, for example, a device that dispenses the cosmetic composition and the one or more separately contained compositions. In an embodiment, the device dispenses the cosmetic composition and the one or more separately contained compositions without mixing them together prior to dispensing. Even though high amounts of hydroxypropyl tetrahydropyrantriol are incorporated into the cosmetic compositions, the compositions are unique in that they are compatible with other cosmetic compositions, in particular, other cosmetic compositions for treating the skin.
Another aspect of the instant disclosure relates to methods for stabilizing high amounts of hydroxypropyl tetrahydropyrantriol into cosmetic compositions. These methods, as describe throughout the disclosure, and comprise incorporating the high amounts of hydroxypropyl tetrahydropyrantriol into the compositions of the instant disclosure.
Other features and iterations of the invention are described in more detail below.
A common problem associated with formulating compositions, especially composition comprising multiple components, is ensuring physical stability, chemical stability, solubility, and the like. Many additives for food, cosmetics, personal care, and household products into which they are incorporated are difficult to stabilize and solubilize, especially when used in high amounts. The consequence of stability and solubility problems is significant. For example, stability problems can cause partial, if not complete, loss of product integrity, color loss, malodor, viscosity changes, etc. Stability and solubility problems can cause an increased or a decreased amount of the component in question to be applied. With respect to active ingredients, stability and solubility problems reduce or eliminate activity, and prevent the active ingredients from reaching their intended target in the desired amount.
With aging, the outer skin layer (epidermis) thins, even though the number of cell layers remains unchanged. The number of pigment-containing cells (melanocytes), however, decreases. Therefore, the skin appears pale and translucent. Large pigmented spots (age spots, liver spots, or lentigos) may appear in sun-exposed areas. Changes in the connective tissue reduce the skin's strength and elasticity. This is known as elastosis. It is more noticeable in sun-exposed areas (solar elastosis). Elastosis produces the leathery, weather-beaten appearance common to farmers, sailors, and others who spend a large amount of time outdoors. Dehydration increases the risk of skin injury. Poor nutrition can also negatively influence the skin, causing dryness, rash, and puffiness.
Human skin acts as a primary barrier between the body and its environment. Crucial for this skin barrier function is the lipid matrix in the outermost layer of the skin (epidermis), the stratum corneum (SC). Two of its functions are (1) to prevent excessive water loss through the epidermis and (2) to avoid that compounds from the environment permeate into the viable epidermal and dermal layers and thereby provoke an immune response. The composition of the SC lipid matrix is dominated by three lipid classes: cholesterol, free fatty acids, and ceramides. These lipids adopt a highly ordered, 3-dimensional structure of stacked densely packed lipid layers (lipid lamellae): the lateral and lamellar lipid organization. The way in which these lipids are ordered depends on the composition of the lipids. One very common skin disease in which the SC lipid barrier is affected is atopic dermatitis (AD).
What is needed, among other things, are compositions that include high amounts of hydroxypropyl tetrahydropyrantriol that reduce the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles, improve production of hyaluronic acid via stimulation of glycosaminoglycan (GAG) synthesis, soften the stratum corneum to relieve cumulative stress on the epidermis and dermis, among other benefits. The cosmetic compositions of the instant case address these needs and further reduce/minimize the effects of aging, prevent/reduces skin sensitivity and inflammation, and improve the radiancy, smoothness, and overall appearance of the skin, and the like.
In an aspect, the present disclosure is directed to, among other things, a stable cosmetic composition that includes high amounts of hydroxypropyl tetrahydropyrantriol; and to methods for stabilizing high amounts of hydroxypropyl tetrahydropyrantriol in cosmetic compositions. In an embodiment, the compositions include:
(a) Hydroxypropyl Tetrahydropyrantriol
Hydroxypropyl tetrapyrantriol is a sugar-protein hybrid made from xylose and can effectively activate the synthesis of GAGs (glycosamineoglycans), promote the production of hyaluronic acid, synthesis of collagen, adhesion between the dermis and the epidermis, the synthesis of epidermal structural components, the regeneration of damaged tissue, and maintain skin elasticity.
The amount of hydroxypropyl tetrapyrantriol in the cosmetic compositions will vary. Nonetheless, in an embodiment, the amount of hydroxypropyl tetrapyrantriol is from about 10 wt. % to about 50 wt. % based on the total weight of the composition. In further embodiments, the amount of hydroxypropyl tetrapyrantriol in the composition is from about 12, to about 50 wt. %, about 12 to about 45 wt. %, about 12 to about 40 wt. %, about 12 to about 35 wt. %, about 12 to about 30 wt. %, about 15 to about 50 wt. %, about 15 to about 45 wt %, about 15 to about 40 wt. %, about 15 to about 35 wt. %, about 15 to about 30 wt. %, about 20 to about 50 wt. %, about 20 to about 45 wt. %, about 20 to about 40 wt. %, about 20 to about 35 wt. %, about 20 to about 30 wt. %, about 25 to about 50 wt. %, about 25 to about 45 wt. %, about 25 to about 40 wt. %, about 25 to about 35 wt. %, about 30 to about 50 wt. %, about 30 to about 45 wt. %, about 30 to about 40 wt. %, based on the total weight of the cosmetic composition.
(b) Silicone Oils
Nonlimiting examples of silicones include dimethicone, dimethiconol, dimethiconol, cyclomethicone, polysilicone-11, phenyl trimethicone, trimethylsilylamodimethicone, and stearoxytrimethylsilane. In a preferred embodiment, the one or more silicones oils are non-volatile silicon oils. Useful silicone oils include polydimethylsiloxanes (PDMSs), polydimethylsiloxanes comprising alkyl or alkoxy groups which are pendent and/or at the end of the silicone chain, which groups each contain from 2 to 24 carbon atoms, or phenyl silicones, such as phenyl trimethicones, phenyl dimethicones, phenyl(trimethylsiloxy)diphenylsiloxanes, diphenyl dimethicones, diphenyl(methyldiphenyl)trisiloxanes or (2-phenylethyl)trimethylsiloxysilicates. Other examples of silicone oils that may be mentioned include volatile linear or cyclic silicones, such as those with a viscosity 8 centistokes (8×106 m2/s) and/or containing from 2 to 7 silicon atoms. These silicones optionally comprise alkyl or alkoxy groups containing from 1 to 10 carbon atoms. Non-limiting examples of volatile silicone oils include octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane, decamethylcyclopentasiloxane, dodecamethylcyclohexasiloxane, heptamethylhexyltrisiloxane, heptamethyloctyltrisiloxane, hexamethyldisiloxane, octamethyltrisiloxane, decamethyltetrasiloxane and dodecamethylpentasiloxane, or mixtures thereof.
In a preferred embodiment, the cosmetic compositions include one or more silicone oils chosen from dimethicone, dimethiconol, cyclomethicone, polysilicone-11, phenyl trimethicone, and amodimethicone, preferably dimethicone.
In another embodiment, the cosmetic compositions include one or more amino functionalized silicones. Nonlimiting examples include amodimethicone, bis-hydroxy/methoxy amodimethicones, bis-cetearyl amodimethicone, amodimethicone, bis(C13-15 alkoxy) PG amodimethicones, aminopropyl phenyl trimethicones, aminopropyl dimethicones, bis-amino PEG/PPG-41/3 aminoethyl PG-propyl dimethicones, caprylyl methicones, and a mixture thereof. Amodimethicone is a particularly useful amino functionalized silicone.
In a preferred embodiment the one or more silicone oils are chosen from dimethicone, dimethiconol, cyclopentasiloxane, cyclomethicone, cyclotetrasiloxane, cyclohexasiloxane, cycloheptasiloxane, decamethylcyclopentasiloxane, cyclotetrasiloxane, cyclotrisiloxane, capryldimethicone, caprylyl trimethicone, caprylyl methicone, cetearylmethicone, hexadecylmethicone, hexylmethicone, lauryl methicone, myristyl methicone, phenyl methicone, stearyl methicone, stearyl dimethicone, behenyl dimethicone, trifluoropropyl methicone, cetyl dimethicone, polyphenylmethylsiloxane, dimethylpolysiloxane, methylphenylpolysiloxane, methyltrimethicone, diphenylsiloxyphenyl trimethicone, and phenyl trimethicone, and mixtures thereof.
Preferably, the one or more silicone oils include dimethicone, and optionally one or more further silicone oils.
The total amount of the one or more silicone oils in the cosmetic compositions will vary but in various embodiment is from about 5 to about 50 wt. %, based on the total weight of the cosmetic composition. In further embodiments, the total amount of the one or more silicone oils is from about 5 to about 45 wt. %, about 5 to about 40 wt. %, about 5 to about 35 wt. %, about 10 to about 45 wt. %, about 10 to about 40 wt. %, about 10 to about 35 wt. %, about 15 to about 50 wt. %, about 15 to about 45 wt. %, about 15 to about 40 wt. %, about 15 to about 35 wt. %, about 20 to about 50 wt. %, about 20 to about 45 wt. %, about 20 to about 40 wt. %, about 20 to about 35 wt. %, about 25 to about 50 wt. %, about 25 to about 45 wt. %, about 25 to about 40 wt. %, or about 25 to about 35 wt. %, based on the total weight of the cosmetic composition.
(c) Non-Emulsifying Silicone Elastomers
The term “non-emulsifying,” as used with respect to “silicone elastomers,” defines crosslinked organopolysiloxane elastomers not containing any hydrophilic chains, and in particular not containing any polyoxyalkylene units (especially polyoxy ethylene or polyoxypropylene) or any polyglyceryl units.
Nonlimiting examples of non-emulsifying silicone elastomers include dimethicone crosspolymers, (dimethicone/phenyl divinyl methicone) crosspolymers, (dimethicone/vinyl dimethicone/methicone) crosspolymers, (dimethicone/vinyl dimethicone) crosspolymers, and (diphenyl dimethicone/vinyl diphenyl dimethicone/silsesquioxane) crosspolymers. Preferred non-emulsifying silicone elastomers include dimethicone crosspolymer, vinyl dimethicone crosspolymer, dimethicone/vinyl dimethicone crosspolymer, dimethicone crosspolymer-3, polysilicone-11, and mixtures thereof.
The non-emulsifying silicone elastomers can be obtained from curable organo-polysiloxanes. Examples in this respect are: addition reaction-curing organopolysiloxane compositions which cure under platinum metal catalysis by the addition reaction between SiH-containing diorganopolysiloxane and organopolysiloxane having silicon-bonded vinyl groups; condensation-curing organopolysiloxane compositions which cure in the presence of an organotin compound by a dehydrogenation reaction between hydroxyl terminated diorganopolysiloxane and SiH-containing diorganopolysiloxane; condensation-curing organopolysiloxane compositions which cure in the presence of an organotin compound or a titanate ester, by a condensation reaction between a hydroxyl terminated diorganopolysiloxane and a hydrolyzable organosilane (this condensation reaction is exemplified by dehydration, alcohol-liberating, oxime-liberating, amine-liberating, amide-liberating, carboxyl-liberating, and ketone-liberating reactions); peroxide-curing organopolysiloxane compositions which thermally cure in the presence of an organoperoxide catalyst; and organopolysiloxane compositions which are cured by high-energy radiation, such as by gamma-rays, ultraviolet radiation or electron beams. The silicone elastomer is preferably obtained by addition reaction-curing organopolysiloxane compositions which cure under platinum metal catalysis by the addition reaction between SiH-containing diorganopolysiloxane and organopolysiloxane having silicon-bonded vinyl groups.
The total amount of the one or more non-emulsifying silicone elastomers may be from about 0.1 to about 10 wt. %, based on the total weight of the cosmetic composition. In some embodiments, the total amount of the one or more non-emulsifying silicone elastomers may be in an amount of about 0.1 to about 8 wt. %, about 0.1 to about 5 wt. %, about 0.5 to about 10 wt. %, about 0.5 to about 8 wt. %, about 0.5 to about 5 wt. %, about 1 to about 10 wt. %, about 1 to about 8 wt. %, about 1 to about 5 wt. %, or about 1 to about 3 wt. %, 1.5 to about 10 wt. %, about 1.5 to about 8 wt. %, about 1.5 to about 5 wt. %, or about 1.5 to about 3 wt. %, based on the total weight of the cosmetic composition.
(d) Dimethicone Copolyol Emulsifiers
The term “dimethicone copolyol emulsifier comprising at least one oxyethylene group and at least one oxypropylene group” as used throughout the instant disclosure is an oxypropylenated and oxyethylenated polydimethylsiloxane, which may optionally contain at least one alkyl group. Thus, the term “dimethicone copolyol emulsifiers comprising at least one oxyethylene group and at least one oxypropylene group” encompasses alkyl dimethicone copolyol emulsifiers (alkyl dimethicone copolyol emulsifiers comprising at least one oxyethylene group and at least one oxypropylene group). For example, cetyl dimethicone copolyol emulsifiers (e.g., cetyl PEG/PPG-10/1 dimethicone) are considered dimethicone copolyol emulsifiers comprising at least one oxyethylene group and at least one oxypropylene group. The optional at least one alkyl group may contain 8 or more carbon atoms, especially C8-C22.
In various embodiments, it is preferred that at least one of the one or more dimethicone copolyol emulsifiers is a C8-C22 alkyl dimethicone copolyol emulsfier. Nonlimiting examples include compounds represented by formula (I) below.
in which:
PE represents (—C2H4O)x—(C3H6O)y—R, R being chosen from a hydrogen atom and an alkyl radical containing from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, x ranging from 1 to 100 and y ranging from 1 to 80;
m ranging from 1 to 40;
n ranging from 10 to 200;
o ranging from 1 to 100;
p ranging from 7 to 21; and
q ranging from 0 to 4.
In particular, R=H; m=1 to 10; n=10 to 100; o=1 to 30; p=15; and q=3.
Nonlimiting but particularly preferable examples of C8-C22 alkyl dimethicone copolyols include PEG/PPG-18/18 dimethicone, cetyl PEG/PPG-10/1 dimethicone, and mixtures thereof.
In various embodiments, the one or more dimethicone copolyol emulsifiers may be chosen from bis-PEG/PPG-14/14 dimethicone, bis-isobutyl PEG/PPG-10/7 dimethicone copolymer, bis-PEG/PPG-18/6 dimethicone; bis-PEG/PPG-20/20 dimethicone, bis-PEG/PPG-16/16 dimethicone, cetyl PEG/PPG-15/16 butyl ether dimethicone, cetyl PEG/PPG-15/15 butyl ether dimethicone, cetyl PEG/PPG-7/3 dimethicone, cetyl PEG/PPG-10/1 dimethicone, dimethicone PEG/PPG-7/4 phosphate, dimethicone PEG/PPG-12/4 phosphate, PEG/PPG-28/21 acetate dimethicone, PEG/PPG-22/22 butyl ether dimethicone, PEG/PPG-23/23 butyl ether dimethicone, PEG/PPG-24/18 butyl ether dimethicone, PEG/PPG-3/10 dimethicone, PEG/PPG-4/12 dimethicone, PEG/PPG-6/11 dimethicone, PEG/PPG-8/14 dimethicone, PEG/PPG-12/16 dimethicone, PEG/PPG-12/18 dimethicone, PEG/PPG-14/4 dimethicone, PEG/PPG-15/5 dimethicone, PEG/PPG-15/15 dimethicone, PEG/PPG-16/2 dimethicone, PEG/PPG-16/8 dimethicone, PEG/PPG-17/18 dimethicone, PEG/PPG-18/12 dimethicone, PEG/PPG-19/19 dimethicone, PEG/PPG-20/6 dimethicone, PEG/PPG-20/15 dimethicone, PEG/PPG-20/20 dimethicone, PEG/PPG-20/29 dimethicone, PEG/PPG-22/23 dimethicone, PEG/PPG-22/24 dimethicone, PEG/PPG-25/25 dimethicone, PEG/PPG-27/27 dimethicone, PEG/PPG-30/10 dimethicone, PEG/PPG-10/3 oleyl ether dimethicone, and mixtures thereof.
The total amount of the one or more dimethicone copolyol emulsifiers will vary but in various embodiment is from about 0.1 to about 10 wt. %, based on the total weight of the cosmetic composition. In further embodiments, the total amount of the one or more dimethicone copolyol emulsifiers is from about 0.1 to about 8 wt. %, about 0.1 to about 5 wt. %, about 0.5 to about 10 wt. %, about 0.5 to about 8 wt. %, about 0.5 to about 5 wt. %, about 1 to about 10 wt. %, about 1 to about 8 wt. %, about 1 to about 5 wt. %, or about 1 to about 3 wt. %, 1.5 to about 10 wt. %, about 1.5 to about 8 wt. %, about 1.5 to about 5 wt. %, or about 1.5 to about 3 wt. %, based on the total weight of the cosmetic composition.
Ratio of (c) to (d)
The weight ratio of the one or more non-emulsifying silicone elastomers (c) to the one or more dimethicone copolyol emulsifiers (d) may vary. In an embodiment, the ratio of the one or more non-emulsifying silicone elastomers (c) to the one or more dimethicone copolyol emulsifiers (d) is from about 1:10 to about 10:1, about 1:8 to 8:1, about 1:6 to about 6:1, about 1:5 to about 5:1, about 1:4 to 4:1, about 1:3 to about 3 to about 1. In further embodiments, the ratio of the one or more non-emulsifying silicone elastomers (c) to the one or more dimethicone copolyol emulsifiers (d) is from about 1:5 to about 5:1, about 1:4 to about 4:1, about 1:3 to about 3:1, or about 1:2 to about 2:1.
(e) Water
The amount of water in the cosmetic compositions can and will vary depending on the amount of the other components in the cosmetic compositions. In an embodiment, the total amount of water in the compositions is from about 0.1 to about 70 wt. %, based on the total weight of the cosmetic composition. In further embodiment, the total amount of water is from 0.1 to about 60 wt. %, about 0.1 to about 50 wt. %, about 0.1 to about 40 wt. %, about 0.1 to about 30 wt. %, about 0.1 to about 20 wt. %, about 0.1 to about 10 wt. %, or about 0.1 to about 5 wt. %, based on the total weight of the cosmetic composition. In further preferred embodiments, the amount of water in the cosmetic composition is from 5 to about 50 wt. %, about 10 to about 45 wt. %, about 10 to about 40 wt. %, about 10 to about 35 wt. %, about 15 to about 50 wt. %, about 15 to about 45 wt. %, about 15 to about 40 wt. %, about 15 to about 35 wt. %, about 20 to about 50 wt. %, about 20 to about 45 wt. %, about 20 to about 40 wt. %, about 20 to about 35 wt. %, about 25 to about 50 wt. %, about 25 to about 45 wt. %, about 25 to about 40 wt. %, or about 25 to about 35 wt. %, based on the total weight of the cosmetic composition.
(f) Water-Soluble Solvents
The term “water-soluble solvent” is interchangeable with the term “water-miscible solvent” and means a compound that is liquid at 25° C. and at atmospheric pressure (760 mmHg), and it has a solubility of at least 50% in water under these conditions. In an embodiment, the water-soluble solvents have a solubility of at least 60%, 70%, 80%, or 90%. Non-limiting examples of one or more water-soluble solvents are chosen from glycerin, mono-alcohols, polyols (polyhydric alcohols), glycols, and a mixture thereof.
As nonlimiting examples of organic solvents, mention can be made of monoalcohols and polyols such as ethyl alcohol, isopropyl alcohol, propyl alcohol, isopropyl alcohol, benzyl alcohol, 4-tert-butylcyclohexanol, and phenylethyl alcohol, or glycols or glycol ethers such as, for example, monomethyl, monoethyl and monobutyl ethers of ethylene glycol, propylene glycol or ethers thereof such as, for example, monomethyl ether of propylene glycol, butylene glycol, hexylene glycol, dipropylene glycol as well as alkyl ethers of diethylene glycol, for example monoethyl ether or monobutyl ether of diethylene glycol. Other suitable examples of organic solvents are ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, butylene glycol, hexylene glycol, propane diol, and glycerin. The organic solvents can be volatile or non-volatile compounds.
Further non-limiting examples of water-soluble solvents include alkanediols (polyhydric alcohols) such as glycerin, 1,2,6-hexanetriol, trimethylolpropane, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, tetraethylene glycol, pentaethylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, 2-butene-1,4-diol, 2-ethyl-1,3-hexanediol, 2-methyl-2,4-pentanediol, (caprylyl glycol), 1,2-hexanediol, 1,2-pentanediol, and 4-methyl-1,2-pentanediol; alkyl alcohols having 1 to 4 carbon atoms such as ethanol, methanol, butanol, propanol, and isopropanol; glycol ethers such as ethylene glycol monomethyl ether, ethylene glycol monoethyl ether, ethylene glycol monobutyl ether, ethylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate, diethylene glycol monomethyl ether, diethylene glycol monoethyl ether, diethylene glycol mono-n-propyl ether, ethylene glycol mono-iso-propyl ether, diethylene glycol mono-iso-propyl ether, ethylene glycol mono-n-butyl ether, ethylene glycol mono-t-butyl ether, diethylene glycol mono-t-butyl ether, 1-methyl-1-methoxybutanol, propylene glycol monomethyl ether, propylene glycol monoethyl ether, propylene glycol mono-t-butyl ether, propylene glycol mono-n-propyl ether, propylene glycol mono-iso-propyl ether, dipropylene glycol monomethyl ether, dipropylene glycol monoethyl ether, dipropylene glycol mono-n-propyl ether, and dipropylene glycol mono-iso-propyl ether; 2-pyrrolidone, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, 1,3-dimethyl-2-imidazolidinone, formamide, acetamide, dimethyl sulfoxide, sorbit, sorbitan, acetine, diacetine, triacetine, sulfolane, and a mixture thereof.
Polyhydric alcohols are also useful. Examples of polyhydric alcohols include glycerin, ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, tripropylene glycol, 1,3-butanediol, 2,3-butanediol, 1,4-butanediol, 3-methyl-1,3-butanediol, 1,5-pentanediol, tetraethylene glycol, 1,6-hexanediol, 2-methyl-2,4-pentanediol, polyethylene glycol, 1,2,4-butanetriol, 1,2,6-hexanetriol, and a mixture thereof. Polyol compounds may also be used. Non-limiting examples include the aliphatic diols, such as 2-ethyl-2-methyl-1,3-propanediol, 3,3-dimethyl-1,2-butanediol, 2,2-diethyl-1,3-propanediol, 2-methyl-2-propyl-1,3-propanediol, 2,4-dimethyl-2,4-pentanediol, 2,5-dimethyl-2,5-hexanediol, 5-hexene-1,2-diol, and 2-ethyl-1,3-hexanediol, and a mixture thereof.
In an embodiment, the cosmetic compositions of the instant disclosure include one or more glycols and/or one or more alcohols, for example, one or more water-soluble solvents selected from propylene glycol, butylene glycol, pentylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, ethanol, isopropanol, tert-butyl alcohol, and mixtures thereof.
The total amount of the one or more water-soluble solvents may be from about 0.1 to about 50 wt. %, based on the total weight of the cosmetic composition. In various embodiments, the total amount of the one or more water-soluble solvents may be from about 0.1 to about 40 wt. %, about 0.1 to about 30 wt. %, about 0.1 to about 20 wt., 0.1 to about 15 wt. %, about 0.1 to about 10 wt. %, about 0.1 to about 5 wt. %, about 1 to about 20 wt. %, about 1 to about 15 wt. %, about 1 to about 10 wt. %, or about 1 to about 5 wt. %, based on the total weight of the cosmetic composition.
(g) Miscellaneous Ingredients
The cosmetic compositions of the instant disclosure may optionally include one or more miscellaneous ingredients. Miscellaneous ingredients are ingredients that are compatible with the cosmetic compositions and do not disrupt or materially affect the basic and novel properties of the cosmetic compositions. Miscellaneous ingredients commonly used in cosmetics are known in the art. Non-limiting examples include miscellaneous ingredients include miscellaneous emulsifiers/surfactants other than the dimethicone copolyol emulsifiers of (d), preservatives, fragrances, pH adjusters, salts, buffers, antioxidants, flavonoids, vitamins, botanical extracts, UV filtering agents, proteins, protein hydrolysates and/or isolates, hydrotropes, pearlescent agents, fillers, colorants, mattifying agents, further skin active agents, depigmenting agents, anti-wrinkle agents, etc. In a preferred embodiment, the cosmetic compositions of the instant disclosure include one or more skin active agents, in particular, madecassoside. Nonlimiting examples of various miscellaneous ingredients that may optionally be include (or excluded) from the cosmetic compositions is provided below.
Miscellaneous Emulsifiers/Surfactants
Miscellaneous emulsifiers/surfactants may optionally be included in the cosmetic compositions. Miscellaneous emulsifiers/surfactants are those other than the dimethicone copolyol emulsifiers of (d). The miscellaneous emulsifiers/surfactants may be anionic, cationic, and/or amphoteric/zwitterionic.
Antioxidants
Examples of antioxidants include tocopherols (e.g. d-α-tocopherol, d-β-tocopherol, d-γ-tocopherol, d-delta-tocopherol), tocotrienols (e.g. d-α-tocotrienol, d-β-tocotrienol, d-γ-tocotrienol, d-delta-tocotrienol), and vitamin E (α-tocopherol acetate). These compounds may be isolated from natural sources, prepared by synthetic means, or mixtures thereof. Tocotrienol-enriched vitamin E preparations may be obtained by fractionating vitamin E preparations to remove a portion of tocopherols and recover a preparation more highly concentrated in tocotrienol. Useful tocotrienols are natural products isolated, for example, from wheat germ oil, grain, or palm oil using high performance liquid chromatography, or isolated by alcohol extraction and/or molecular distillation from barley, brewer's grain or oats. As used herein, the term “tocotrienols” includes tocotrienol-rich-fractions obtained from these natural products as well as the pure compounds. The increased glutathione peroxidase activity protects the skin from oxidative damage.
Vitamin C and derivatives may be used, including ascorbic acid, sodium ascorbate, and the fat soluble esters tetrahexyldecyl ascorbate and ascorbyl palmitate, magnesium ascorbyl phosphate, ascorbyl-glucoside, glucosamine ascorbate, ascorbyl acetate, etc. Additionally, extracts from plants containing a high amount of vitamin C such as camu berry (Myrciaria dubia), acerola, emblica officinalis, and bioflavonoids from rose hip and citrus may be used including water soluble bioflavonoids such as hesperidin methyl chalcone may also be used.
Sesame (Sesamum indicum) or sesame lignan may also be added. Sesame and its lignans (the fibrous compounds associated with the sesame) act as antioxidants. Sesame seed lignans significantly enhance vitamin E activity.
In addition, carotenoids, particularly the xanthophyll type, are also useful antioxidants that can be used. The xanthopyll type carotenoids include molecules, such as lutein, canthaxantin, cryptoxanthin, zeaxanthin and astaxanthin. Xanthophylls protect compounds, such as vitamin A, vitamin E, and other carotenoids.
Flavonoids can also function as antioxidants. In some instances, the flavonoid is a flavanone (derivative of 2,3-dihydro-2-phenylchromen-4-one). Flavones include: Butin, Eriodictyol, Hesperetin, Hesperidin, Homoeriodictyol, Isosakuranetin, Naringenin, Naringin, Pinocembrin, Poncirin, Sakuranetin, Sakuranin, and Sterubin. The flavonoid may be a flavanonol (derivative of 3-hydroxy-2,3-dihydro-2-phenylchromen-4-one). Flavanols include: Taxifolin, Aromadedrin, Chrysandroside A, Chrysandroside B, Xeractinol, Astilbin, and Fustin. The flavonoid may be a flavone (derivative of 2-phenylchromen-4-one). Flavones include: Apigenin, Luteolin, Tangeritin, Chrysin, Baicalein, Scutellarein, Wogonin, Synthetic Flavones: Diosm in, and Flavoxate. The flavonoid may be a flavonol (derivative of 3-hydroxy-2-phenylchromen-4-one). Flavonols include: 3-Hydroxyflavone, Azaleatin, Fisetin, Galangin, Gossypetin, Kaempferide, Kaempferol, Isorhamnetin, Morin, Myricetin, Natsudaidain, Pachypodol, Quercetin, Rhamnazin, Rhamnetin, Azalein, Hyperoside, Isoquercitin, Kaempferitrin, Myricitrin, Quercitrin, Robinin, Rutin, Spiraeoside, Xanthorhamnin, Amurensin, Icariin, and Troxerutin. The flavonoid may be a flavan-3-ol (derivatives of 2-phenyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-3-ol). Flavan-3-ols include: Catechin, Epicatechin, Epigallocatechin, Epicatechin gallate, Epigallocatechin gallate, Epiafzelechin, Fisetinidol, Guibourtinidol, Mesquitol, and Robinetinidol. The flavonoid may be a flavan-4-ol (derivative of 2-phenylchroman-4-ol). Flavan-4-ols include: Apiforol and Luteoforol. The flavonoid may be an isoflavone (derivative of 3-phenylchromen-4-one). Isoflavones include: Genistein, Daidzein, Biochanin A, Formononetin, and the Equol metabolite from Daidzein.
The antioxidant may be an anthocyanidin (derivative of 2-phenylchromenylium cation). Anthocyanidins include: Aurantinidin, Cyanidin, Delphinidin, Europinidin, Luteolinidin, Pelargonidin, Malvidin, Peonidin, Petunidin, Rosinidin, and Xanthone.
The antioxidant may be a Dihydrochalcone (derivative of 1,3-diphenyl propanone). Dihydrochalcones include: Phloretin, Dihydrochalcone phloretin Phlorizin, Aspalathin, Naringin dihydrochalcone, Neohesperidin dihydrochalcone, and Nothofagin. Without limiting the mode of action of the invention, dihydrochalcones may exert an antioxidant effect by reducing reactive free radicals, like reactive oxygen and reactive nitrogen species.
The antioxidant may be an anthocyanin. Anthocyanins and their derivatives are antioxidants. Anthocyanins encompasses a class of flavonoid compounds that are naturally occurring, water-soluble compounds, responsible for the red, purple, and blue colors of many fruits, vegetables, cereal grains, and flowers. Additionally, anthocyanins are collagenase inhibitors. The inhibition of collagenase helps in the prevention and reduction of wrinkles, increase in skin elasticity, etc., which are caused by a reduction in skin collagen. The anthocyanins may be obtained from any portion of various plant sources, such as the fruit, flower, stem, leaves, root, bark, or seeds. One of skill in the art will understand that certain portions of the plant may contain higher natural levels of anthocyanins, and, therefore, those portions are used to obtain the desired anthocyanins. In some instances, antioxidants may include one or more betacyanin. Betacyanins, like anthocyanins, may be obtained from natural sources and are antioxidants.
The antioxidant may be a Phenylpropanoid (derivatives of cinnamic acid). Phenylpropanoids include: Cinnamic acid, Caffeic acid, Ferulic acid, Trans-ferulic acid (including its antioxidant pharmacore 2,6-dihydroxyacetophenome), 5-Hydroxyferulic acid, Sinapic acid, Coumaryl alcohol, Coniferyl alcohol, Sinapyl alcohol, Eugenol, Chavicol, Safrole, P-coumaric acid, and Sinapinic acid. Without limiting the mode of action of the invention, Phenylpropanoids may neutralize free radicals.
The antioxidant may be a Chalcone (derivative of 1,3-diphenyl-2-propen-1-one). Chalcones include: Butein, Okanin, Carthamin, Marein, Sophoradin, Xanthohumol, Flavokvain A, Flavokavain B, Flavokavin C, and synthetic Safalcone.
The antioxidant may be a Curcuminoid. Curcuminoids include: Curcumin, Desmethoxycurcum in, bis-Desmethoxycurcum in, Tetrahydrocurcum in, and Tetrahydrocurcuminoids. Curcumin and tetrahydrocurcuminoids may be derived from rhizomes of Curcuma longa. Tetrahydrocurcumin, a metabolite of curcumin, has been found to be a more potent antioxidant and more stable compared to curcumin.
The antioxidant may be a Tannin. Tannins include: Tannin, Terflavin B, Glucogallin, Dgallic acid, and Quercitannic acid.
The antioxidant may be a stilbenoid. Stilbenoids include: Resveratrol, Pterostilbene, and Piceatannol. Resveratrol may include, but is not limited to, 3,5,4′-trihydroxystilbene, 3,4,3′,5′-tetrahydroxystilbene (piceatannol), 2,3′,4,5′-tetrahydroxystilbene (oxyresveratrol), 4,4′-dihydroxystilbene, and alpha and beta glucoside, galactoside and mannoside derivatives thereof.
The antioxidant may be a Coumarin (derivatives of 2H-chromen-2-one). Coumarins include: 4-Hydroxycoumarin, Umbelliferone, Aesculetin, Herniarin, Auraptene, and Dicoumarol.
The antioxidant may be a Carotenoid. Carotenoids include: beta-Carotene, alpha-Carotene, gamma-Carotene, beta-Cryptoxanthin, Lycopene, Lutein, and Idebenone. Sesame (Sesamum indicum) or sesame lignan may also be added. Sesame and its lignans (the fibrous compounds associated with the sesame) act as antioxidants. Sesame seed lignans significantly enhance vitamin E activity.
The antioxidant may be: a Xanthone, Butylated Hydroxytoluene, 2,6-Di-tert-butylphenol, 2,4-Dimethyl-6-tert-butylphenol, Gallic acid, Eugenol, Uric acid, alpha-Lipoic acid, Ellagic acid, Chicoric acid, Chlorogenic acid, Rosmarinic acid, Salicylic acid, Acetylcysteine, S-Allyl cysteine, Barbigerone, Chebulagic acid, Edaravone, Ethoxyquin, Glutathione, Hydroxytyrosol, Idebenone, Melatonin, N-Acetylserotonin, Nordihydroguaiaretic acid, Oleocanthal, Oleuropein, Paradol, Piceatannol, Probucol, Propyl gallate, Protocatechuic acid, Pyritinol, Rutin, Secoisolariciresinol diglucoside, Sesamin, Sesamol, Silibinin, Silymarin, Theaflavin, Theaflavin digallate, Thmoquinone, Trolox, Tyrosol, Polyunsaturated fatty acids, and sulfur-based antioxidants such as Methionine or Lipoic acid.
Skin Active Agents
Nonlimiting examples of skin active agents include madecassoside, retinoic acid, benzoyl peroxide, sulfur, vitamin B6 (pyridoxine or) chloride, selenium, samphire—the cinnamon extract blends, tea and octanoylglycine such as—15 Sepicontrol A5 TEA from Seppic—the mixture of cinnamon, sarcosine and octanoylglycine marketed especially by Seppic under the trade name Sepicontrol A5—zinc salts such as zinc gluconate, zinc pyrrolidonecarboxylate (or zinc pidolate), zinc lactate, zinc aspartate, zinc carboxylate, zinc salicylate 20, zinc cysteate;—derivatives particularly copper and copper pidolate as Cuivridone Solabia—extracts from plants of Arnica montana, Cinchona succirubra, Eugenia caryophyllata, Humulus lupulus, Hypericum perforatum, Mentha pipenta 25 Rosmarinus officinalis, Salvia officinalis and Thymus vulgaris, all marketed for example by Maruzen—extracts of meadowsweet (Spiraea ulmaria), such as that sold under the name Sebonormine by Silab—extracts of the alga Laminaria saccharina, such as that sold under the 30 name Phlorogine by Biotechmarine—the root extracts of burnet mixtures (Sanguisorba officinalis/Poterium officinale), rhizomes of ginger (Zingiber officinalis) and cinnamon bark (Cinnamomum cassia), such as that sold under the name Sebustop by Solabia—extracts of flaxseed such as that sold under the name Linumine by Lucas Meyer—Phellodendron extracts such as those sold under the name Phellodendron extract BG by Maruzen or Oubaku liquid B by Ichimaru Pharcos—of argan oil mixtures extract of Serenoa serrulata (saw palmetto) extract and sesame seeds such as that sold under the name Regu SEB by Pentapharm—mixtures of extracts of willowherb, of Terminalia chebula, nasturtium and of bioavailable zinc (microalgae), such as that sold under the name Seborilys Green Tech;—extracts of Pygeum afrianum such as that sold under the name Pygeum afrianum sterolic lipid extract by Euromed—extracts of Serenoa serrulata such as those sold under the name Viapure Sabal by Actives International, and those sold by the company Euromed—of extracts of plantain blends, Berberis aquifolium and sodium salicylate 20 such as that sold under the name Seboclear Rahn—extract of clove as that sold under the name Clove extract powder by Maruzen—argan oil such as that sold under the name Lipofructyl Laboratories Serobiologiques; 25-lactic protein filtrates, such as that sold under the name Normaseb by Sederma—the seaweed Laminaria extracts, such as that sold under the name Laminarghane by Biotechmarine—oligosaccharides seaweed Laminaria digitata, such as that sold under the name Phycosaccharide 30 AC by the company Codif—extracts of sugar cane such as that sold under the name Policosanol by the company Sabinsa, the sulfonated shale oil, such as that sold under the name Ichtyol Pale by Ichthyol—extracts of meadowsweet (Spiraea ulmaria) such as that sold under the name Cytobiol Ulmaire by societeLibiol—sebacic acid, especially sold in the form of a sodium polyacrylate gel under the name Sebosoft by Sederma—glucomannans extracted from konjac tuber and modified with alkylsulfonate chains such as that sold under the name Biopol Beta by Arch Chemical—extracts of Sophora angustifolia, such as those sold under the name Sophora powder or Sophora extract by Bioland—extracts of cinchona bark succirubra such as that sold under the name Red Bark HS by Alban Muller—extracts of Quillaja saponaria such as that sold under the name 15 Panama wood HS by Alban Muller—glycine grafted onto an undecylenic chain, such as that sold under the name Lipacide UG OR by SEPPIC—the mixture of oleanolic acid and nordihydroguaiaretic acid, such as that sold under the form of a gel under the name AC.Net by Sederma; 20-phthalimidoperoxyhexanoic acid—citrate tri (C12-C13) sold under the name COSMACOL® ECI by Sasol; trialkyl citrate (C14-C15) sold under the name COSMACOL® ECL by Sasol—10-hydroxydecanoic acid, including mixtures acid-hydroxydecanoic October 25, sebacic acid and 1,10-decandiol such as that sold under the name Acnacidol BG by Vincience and mixtures thereof.
Depigmenting Agents
Nonlimiting examples of depigmenting agents include alpha and beta arbutin, ferulic acid, lucinol and its derivatives, kojic acid, resorcinol and derivatives thereof, tranexamic acid and derivatives thereof, gentisic acid, homogentisic, methyl gentisate or homogentisate, dioic acid, D pantheteine calcium sulphonate, lipoic acid, ellagic acid, vitamin B3, linoleic acid and its derivatives, certain compounds derived from plants such as chamomile, bearberry, the aloe family (vera, ferox, bardensis), mulberry, skullcap, a water kiwi fruit (Actinidia chinensis) marketed by Gattefosse, an extract of Paeonia suffruticosa root, such as that sold by Ichimaru Pharcos under the name Liquid Botanpi Be an extract of brown sugar (Saccharum officinarum) such as molasses extract marketed by Taiyo Kagaku under the name Liquid Molasses, without this list being exhaustive. Particular depigmenting agents include alpha and beta arbutin, ferulic acid, kojic acid, resorcinol and derivatives, D pantheteine calcium sulfonate, lipoic acid, ellagic acid, vitamin B3, a water kiwi fruit (Actinidia chinensis) marketed by Gattefosse, an extract of Paeonia suffruticosa root, such as that sold by the company Ichimaru Pharcos under the name Botanpi Liquid B.
Anti-Wrinkle Agent
The term “anti-wrinkle agent” refers to a natural or synthetic compound producing a biological effect, such as the increased synthesis and/or activity of certain enzymes, when brought into contact with an area of wrinkled skin, this has the effect of reducing the appearance of wrinkles and/or fine lines. Nonlimiting examples of anti-wrinkle agents include: desquamating agents, anti-glycation agents, inhibitors of NO-synthase, agents stimulating the synthesis of dermal or epidermal macromolecules and/or preventing their degradation, agents for stimulating the proliferation of fibroblasts and/or keratinocytes, or for stimulating keratinocyte differentiation reducing agents; muscle relaxants and/or dermo-decontracting agents, anti-free radical agents, and mixtures thereof. Examples of such compounds are: adenosine and its derivatives and retinoids other than retinol (as discussed above, such as retinol palmitate), ascorbic acid and its derivatives such as magnesium ascorbyl phosphate and ascorbyl glucoside; nicotinic acid and its precursors such as nicotinamide; ubiquinone; glutathione and precursors thereof such as L-2-oxothiazolidine-4-carboxylic acid, the compounds C-glycosides and their derivatives as described in particular in EP-1345919, in particular C-beta-D-xylopyranoside-2-hydroxy-propane as described in particular in EP-1345919, plant extracts including sea fennel and extracts of olive leaves, as well as plant and hydrolysates thereof such as rice protein hydrolysates or soybean proteins; algal extracts and in particular Laminaria, bacterial extracts, the sapogenins such as diosgenin and extracts of Dioscorea plants, in particular wild yam, comprising: the α-hydroxy acids, β-hydroxy acids, such as salicylic acid and n-octanoyl-5-salicylic oligopeptides and pseudodipeptides and acyl derivatives thereof, in particular acid {2-[acetyl-(3-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-amino]-3-methyl-}acetic acid and lipopeptides marketed by the company under the trade names SEDERMA Matrixyl 500 and Matrixyl 3000; lycopene, manganese salts and magnesium salts, especially gluconates, and mixtures thereof. In at least one case, the skin tightening composition includes adenosine derivatives, such as non-phosphate derivatives of adenosine, such as in particular the 2′-deoxyadenosine, 2′,3′-adenosine isopropoylidene; the toyocamycine, 1-methyladenosine, N-6-methyladenosine; adenosine N-oxide, 6-methylmercaptopurine riboside, and the 6-chloropurine riboside. Other derivatives include adenosine receptor agonists such as adenosine phenylisopropyl (“PIA”), 1-methylisoguanosine, N6-cyclohexyladenosine (CHA), N6-cyclopentyladenosine (CPA), 2-chloro-N6-cyclopentyladenosine, 2-chloroadenosine, N6-phenyladenosine, 2-phenylaminoadenosine, MECA, N 6-phenethyladenosine, 2-p-(2-carboxy-ethyl) phenethyl-amino-5′-N-ethylcarboxamido adenosine (CGS-21680), N-ethylcarboxam ido-adenosine (NECA), the 5′(N-cyclopropyl)-carboxamidoadenosine, DPMA (PD 129.944) and metrifudil.
Miscellaneous ingredients can be included in the cosmetic composition, for example, in an amount of about 0.01 to about 10 wt. %, based on the total weight of the cosmetic composition. The total amount of the one or more miscellaneous ingredients may be about 0.01 to about 8 wt. %, about 0.01 to about 5 wt. %, about 0.01 to about 3 wt. %, about 0.1 to about 10 wt. %, about 0.1 to about 8 wt. %, about 0.1 to about 5 wt. %, about 0.1 to about 3 wt. %, about 1 to about 10 wt. %, about 1 to about 8 wt. %, about 1 to about 5 wt. %, or about 1 to about 3 wt. %, based on the total weight of the cosmetic composition.
As already noted, skin active agents may be included as one or more of the miscellaneous ingredients. With respect to the total amount of skin active agents in the cosmetic compositions, if present, the total amount of skin active agents may be from greater than zero to about 9 wt. %, greater than zero to about 8 wt. %, greater than zero to about 7 wt. %, greater than zero to about 6 wt. %, greater than zero to about 5 wt. %, greater than zero to about 4 wt. %, greater than zero to about 3 wt. %, greater than zero to about 2 wt. %; about 10 ppm to about 10 wt. % (100,000 ppm), about 10 ppm to about 5 wt. % (50,000 ppm), about 10 ppm to about 2.5 wt. % (25,000 ppm), about 10 ppm to about 1 wt. % (10,000 ppm), about 10 ppm to about 0.5 wt. % (5,000 ppm), about 10 ppm to about 0.3 wt. % (3,000 ppm), about 10 ppm to about 0.2 wt. % (2,000 ppm), about 10 ppm to about 0.1 wt. % (1,000 ppm), about 10 ppm to 500 ppm; about 0.1 to about 10 wt. %, about 0.1 to about 5 wt. %, about 0.1 to about 2.5 wt. %, about 0.1 to about 1 wt. %, about 0.1 to about 0.5 wt. %; about 1 to about 10 wt. %, about 1 to about 8 wt. %, about 1 to about 6 wt. %, about 1 to about 5 wt. %, about 1 to about 4 wt. %, about 1 to about 3 wt. %; about 2 to about 10 wt. %, about 2 to about 8 wt. %, about 2 to about 6 wt. %, about 2 to about 5 wt. %, about 2 to about 4 wt. %; about 3 to about 10 wt. %, about 3 to about 8 wt. %, about 3 to about 6 wt. %, about 3 to about 5 wt. %; about 4 to about 10 wt. %, about 4 to about 8 wt. %, or about 4 to about 6 wt. %, based on the total weight of the cosmetic composition.
In an embodiment, the cosmetic compositions of the instant disclosure may optionally include one or more phenolic or polyphenolic active compounds, for example, baicalin. However, in an embodiment, the cosmetic compositions may be free or essentially free from phenolic or polyphenolic active compounds, in particular baicalin.
(h) Fatty Compounds
The cosmetic compositions may optionally include one or more fatty compounds. The term “fatty compounds” is interchangeable with the “fatty materials.” Fatty compounds are known as compounds that are not soluble (or only sparingly soluble) in water; they are hydrophilic and are often solubilized in organic solvents. They include materials such as oils, fats, waxes, hydrocarbons, fatty alcohols, fatty acids, fatty esters, etc. Silicones are not considered fatty compounds according to the instant disclosure. Non-limiting examples of useful fatty compounds include oils, waxes, alkanes (paraffins), fatty alcohols, fatty acids, fatty esters, triglyceride compounds, lanolin, hydrocarbons, derivatives thereof, and mixtures thereof. Fatty compounds are described by the International Federation Societies of Cosmetic Chemists, for example, in Cosmetic Raw Material Analysis and Quality, Volume I: Hydrocarbons, Glycerides, Waxes and Other Esters (Redwood Books, 1994), which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.
Non-limiting examples of fatty compounds include oils, mineral oil, alkanes (paraffins), fatty acids, fatty alcohol derivatives, fatty acid derivatives, esters of fatty alcohols, hydroxy-substituted fatty acids, waxes, triglyceride compounds, lanolin, and a mixture thereof.
Fatty Alcohol Derivatives
The fatty compounds may include one or more fatty alcohol derivatives, which are different from fatty alcohols (component (d)). Fatty alcohol derivatives include fatty esters derived from one or more fatty alcohols. Fatty alcohol derivatives also include alkoxylated fatty alcohols, e.g., having about 1 to about 100 moles of an alkylene oxide per mole of alkoxylated fatty alcohol. For example, the alkoxylated fatty alcohols may be alkoxylated with about 1 to about 80 moles, about 2 to about 50, about 5 to about 45 moles, about 10 to about 40 moles, or 15 to about 35 mores, including all ranges and subranges therebetween, of an alkylene oxide per mole of alkoxylated fatty alcohol.
As examples of alkoxylated fatty alcohols, steareth (for example, steareth-2, steareth-20, and steareth-21), laureth (for example, laureth-4, and laureth-12), ceteth (for example, ceteth-10 and ceteth-20) and ceteareth (for example, ceteareth-2, ceteareth-10, and ceteareth-20) are mentioned. In at least one instance, the one or more alkoxylated fatty alcohols include steareth-20. In some instances, the one or more alkoxylated fatty alcohols may be exclusively steareth-20.
Additional fatty alcohol derivatives that may, optionally be suitable include methyl stearyl ether; 2-ethylhexyl dodecyl ether; stearyl acetate; cetyl propionate; the ceteth series of compounds, such as ceteth-1 through ceteth-45, which are ethylene glycol ethers of cetyl alcohol, wherein the numeric designation indicates the number of ethylene glycol moieties present; the steareth series of compounds such as steareth-1 through 10, which are ethylene glycol ethers of steareth alcohol, wherein the numeric designation indicates the number of ethylene glycol moieties present; ceteareth 1 through ceteareth-10, which are the ethylene glycol ethers of ceteareth alcohol, i.e. a mixture of fatty alcohols containing predominantly cetyl and stearyl alcohol, wherein the numeric designation indicates the number of ethylene glycol moieties present; C1-C30 alkyl ethers of the ceteth, steareth, and ceteareth compounds just described; polyoxyethylene ethers of branched alcohols such as octyldodecyl alcohol, dodecylpentadecyl alcohol, hexyldecyl alcohol, and isostearyl alcohol; polyoxyethylene ethers of behenyl alcohol; PPG ethers such as PPG-9-steareth-3, PPG-11 stearyl ether, PPG8-ceteth-1, and PPG-10 cetyl ether; and a mixture thereof.
Fatty Acids
In some instances, the fatty compounds may be chosen from fatty acids, fatty acid derivatives, esters of fatty acids, hydroxyl-substituted fatty acids, and alkoxylated fatty acids. The fatty acids may be straight or branched chain acids and/or may be saturated or unsaturated. Non-limiting examples of fatty acids include diacids, triacids, and other multiple acids as well as salts of these fatty acids. For example, the fatty acid may optionally include or be chosen from lauric acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, behenic acid, arichidonic acid, oleic acid, isostearic acid, sebacic acid, and a mixture thereof. In some cases, the fatty acids are selected from the group consisting of palmitic acid, stearic acid, and a mixture thereof.
Non-limiting examples of polyglycerol esters of fatty acids include those of the following formula:
wherein the average value of n is about 3 and R1, R2 and R3 each may independently be a fatty acid moiety or hydrogen, provided that at least one of R1, R2, and R3 is a fatty acid moiety. For instance, R1, R2 and R3 may be saturated or unsaturated, straight or branched, and have a length of C1-C40, C1-C30, C1-C25, or C1-C20, C1-C16, or C1-C10.
The fatty acid derivatives are defined herein to include fatty acid esters of the fatty alcohols as defined above, fatty acid esters of the fatty alcohol derivatives as defined above when such fatty alcohol derivatives have an esterifiable hydroxyl group, fatty acid esters of alcohols other than the fatty alcohols and the fatty alcohol derivatives described above, hydroxy-substituted fatty acids, and a mixture thereof. Non-limiting examples of fatty acid derivatives include ricinoleic acid, glycerol monostearate, 12-hydroxy stearic acid, ethyl stearate, cetyl stearate, cetyl palmitate, polyoxyethylene cetyl ether stearate, polyoxyethylene stearyl ether stearate, polyoxyethylene lauryl ether stearate, ethyleneglycol monostearate, polyoxyethylene monostearate, polyoxyethylene distearate, propyleneglycol monostearate, propyleneglycol distearate, trimethylolpropane distearate, sorbitan stearate, polyglyceryl stearate, dimethyl sebacate, PEG-15 cocoate, PPG-15 stearate, glyceryl monostearate, glyceryl distearate, glyceryl tristearate, PEG-8 laurate, PPG-2 isostearate, PPG-9 laurate, and a mixture thereof. Preferred for use herein are glycerol monostearate, 12-hydroxy stearic acid, and a mixture thereof.
Fatty Alcohols
The term “fatty alcohol” means an alcohol comprising at least one hydroxyl group (OH), and comprising at least 8 carbon atoms, and which is neither oxyalkylenated (in particular neither oxyethylenated nor oxypropylenated) nor glycerolated. The fatty alcohols can be represented by: R—OH, wherein R denotes a saturated (alkyl) or unsaturated (alkenyl) group, linear or branched, comprising from 8 to 40 carbon atoms, preferably 10 to 30 carbon atoms, more preferably 12 to 24 carbon atoms, and even more preferably 14 to 22 carbon atoms.
The fatty alcohol(s) may be liquid or solid. In some instances, it is preferable that the cosmetic compositions include at least one solid fatty alcohol. The solid fatty alcohols that can be used include those that are solid at ambient temperature and at atmospheric pressure (25° C., 780 mmHg), and are insoluble in water, that is to say they have a water solubility of less than 1% by weight, preferably less than 0.5% by weight, at 25° C., 1 atm.
The solid fatty alcohols may be represented by: R—OH, wherein R denotes a linear alkyl group, optionally substituted with one or more hydroxyl groups, comprising from 8 to 40 carbon atoms, preferably 10 to 30 carbon atoms, more preferably 12 to 24 carbon atoms, and even more preferably 14 to 22 carbon atoms.
Non-limiting examples of useful fatty alcohols include lauryl alcohol or lauryl alcohol (1-dodecanol); myristic or myristyl alcohol (1-tetradecanol); cetyl alcohol (1-hexadecanol); stearyl alcohol (1-octadecanol); arachidyl alcohol (1-eicosanol); behenyl alcohol (1-docosanol); lignoceryl alcohol (1-tetracosanol); ceryl alcohol (1-hexacosanol); montanyl alcohol (1-octacosanol); myricylic alcohol (1-triacontanol), and mixtures thereof.
In certain embodiments, the one or more fatty alcohols have from 12 to 24 carbon atoms. Specific nonlimiting examples include cetyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, cetearyl alcohol, behenyl alcohol, lauryl alcohol, myristic or myristyl alcohol, arachidyl alcohol, lignoceryl alcohol, or mixtures thereof.
Preferably, the cosmetic composition includes one or more solid fatty alcohols, for example, chosen from cetyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, behenyl alcohol and mixtures thereof, preferably cetyl alcohol, behenyl alcohol, cetearyl alcohol, and mixtures thereof.
The liquid fatty alcohols, in particular those containing C10-C34, preferably have branched carbon chains and/or have one or more, preferably 1 to 3 double bonds. They are preferably branched and/or unsaturated (C═C double bond) and contain from 12 to 40 carbon atoms.
The liquid fatty alcohols may be represented by: R—OH, wherein R denotes a C12-C24 branched alkyl group or an alkenyl group (comprising at least one C12-C24 double bond C═C), R being optionally substituted by a or more hydroxy groups. Preferably, the liquid fatty alcohol is a branched saturated alcohol. Preferably, R does not contain a hydroxyl group. These include oleic alcohol, linoleic alcohol, linolenic alcohol, isocetyl alcohol, isostearyl alcohol, 2-octyl-1-dodecanol, 2-butyloctanol, 2-hexyl-1-decanol, 2-decyl-1-tetradecanol, 2-tetradecyl-1-cetanol and mixtures thereof. Preferably, the liquid fatty alcohol is 2-octyl-1-dodecanol.
In some instances, the cosmetic compositions include one or more fatty alcohols selected from decyl alcohol, undecyl alcohol, dodecyl, myristyl, cetyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, cetearyl alcohol, isostearyl alcohol, isocetyl alcohol, behenyl alcohol, linalool, oleyl alcohol, myricyl alcohol and a mixture thereof. In some instances, the cosmetic compositions preferably include cetyl alcohol, behenyl alcohol, and cetearyl alcohol.
Waxes
The fatty compounds may, in some instances, include or be chosen from one or more waxes. Non-limiting examples of waxes in this category include for example, synthetic wax, ceresin, paraffin, ozokerite, polyethylene waxes, illipe butter, beeswax, carnauba, microcrystalline, lanolin, lanolin derivatives, candelilla, cocoa butter, shellac wax, spermaceti, bran wax, capok wax, sugar cane wax, montan wax, whale wax, bayberry wax, acacia decurrents flower wax, vegetable waxes (such as sunflower seed (Helianthus annuus), carnauba, candelilla, ouricury or japan wax or cork fibre or sugarcane waxes), or a mixture thereof.
Oils
In some instances, the fatty compounds may include or be chosen from one or more oil(s). Suitable oils include, but are not limited to, natural oils, such as coconut oil; hydrocarbons, such as mineral oil and hydrogenated polyisobutene; fatty alcohols, such as octyldodecanol; esters, such as C12-C15 alkyl benzoate; diesters, such as propylene dipelarganate; and triesters, such as glyceryl trioctanoate. Non-limiting examples of oils that may, optionally, be included in the cosmetic compositions include isotridecyl isononanoate, PEG-4 diheptanoate, isostearyl neopentanoate, tridecyl neopentanoate, cetyl octanoate, cetyl palmitate, cetyl ricinoleate, cetyl stearate, cetyl myristate, coco-dicaprylate/caprate, decyl isostearate, isodecyl oleate, isodecyl neopentanoate, isohexyl neopentanoate, octyl palmitate, dioctyl malate, tridecyl octanoate, myristyl myristate, octododecanol, or combinations of octyldodecanol, acetylated lanolin alcohol, cetyl acetate, isododecanol, polyglyceryl-3-diisostearate, castor oil, lanolin and lanolin derivatives, triisocetyl citrate, sorbitan sesquioleate, C10-C18 triglycerides, caprylic/capric/triglycerides, coconut oil, corn oil, cottonseed oil, glyceryl triacetyl hydroxystearate, glyceryl triacetyl ricinoleate, glyceryl trioctanoate, hydrogenated castor oil, linseed oil, mink oil, olive oil, palm oil, illipe butter, rapeseed oil, soybean oil, sunflower seed oil, tallow, tricaprin, trihydroxystearin, triisostearin, trilaurin, trilinolein, trimyristin, triolein, tripalmitin, tristearin, walnut oil, wheat germ oil, cholesterol, or combinations thereof.
In some embodiments, the cosmetic composition may include one or more fatty compounds chosen from fatty esters (such as isononyl isononanoate), polyolefins (such as petrolatum), waxes, squalane, squalene, hydrogenated polyisobutene, hydrogenated polydecene, polybutene, mineral oil, pentahydrosqualene, plant and/or vegetable oil, hydrocarbon-based oils (such as isohexadecane), or a mixture thereof.
Generally, the amount of the one or more fatty compounds in the cosmetic compositions may range from about 5 wt. % to about 20 wt. %, based on the total weight of the cosmetic composition. In various embodiments, the amount of the one or more fatty compounds in the cosmetic compositions may range from about 5 to 15 wt. %, about 5 to about 12 wt. %, about 6 to about 20 wt. %, about 6 to about 15 wt. %, about 6 to about 12 wt. %, based on the total weight of the cosmetic composition.
Stability
The cosmetic compositions of the instant disclosure are stable. For example, in an embodiment the cosmetic compositions do not visually phase separate or form visibly observable particulates for at least 2 weeks, 4 weeks, and/or 8 weeks in storage at 4° C., 25° C., 37° C., and/or 45° C.
In another embodiment, the cosmetic compositions do not visually phase separate or form visibly observable particulates for at least 10 cycles of freeze-thaw testing, wherein the freeze-thaw testing comprises placing the cosmetic composition in a stability chamber and subjecting it to temperature fluctuation at 12-hour intervals, for a first interval of 12 hours at −20° C. followed by a second interval of 12 hours at 25° C.
In an embodiment, the viscosity of the cosmetic compositions does not change by more than 20%, 15%, 10%, or 5%, for at least 2 weeks, 4 weeks, and/or 8 weeks in storage at 4° C., 25° C., 37° C., and/or 45° C.
Viscosity
In general, the cosmetic compositions of the instant case have a viscosity of about 5,000 to about 200,000 Pa·s at 25° C., and shear rate of 1 s−1 at 25° C. However, the cosmetic compositions may have a viscosity of about 10,000 to about 200,000 Pa·s, about 10,000 to about 180,000 Pa·s, about 10,000 to about 150,000 Pa·s, about 10,000 to about 120,000 Pa·s, about 10,000 to about 100,000 Pa·s, about 10,000 to about 80,000 Pa·s, about 15,000 to about 200,000 Pa·s, about 15,000 to about 180,000 Pa·s, about 15,000 to about 150,000 Pa·s, about 15,000 to about 120,000 Pa·s, about 15,000 to about 100,000 Pa·s, about 15,000 to about 80,000 Pa·s, about 20,000 to about 200,000 Pa·s, about 20,000 to about 180,000 Pa·s, about 20,000 to about 150,000 Pa·s, about 20,000 to about 120,000 Pa·s, about 20,000 to about 100,000 Pa·s, about 20,000 to about 80,000 Pa·s, about 30,000 to about 200,000 Pa·s, about 30,000 to about 180,000 Pa·s, about 30,000 to about 150,000 Pa·s, about 30,000 to about 120,000 Pa·s, about 30,000 to about 100,000 Pa·s, about 30,000 to about 80,000 Pa·s, about 35,000 to about 200,000 Pa·s, about 35,000 to about 180,000 Pa·s, about 35,000 to about 150,000 Pa·s, about 35,000 to about 120,000 Pa·s, about 35,000 to about 100,000 Pa·s, or about 35,000 to about 80,000 Pa·s at 25° C., and shear rate of 1 s−1 at 25° C.
The viscosity measurements can be carried out, for example, using a Brooksfield viscometer/rheometer using a t-bar spindle at a speed of 5, 10, 15, and/or 20 rpm. An RVDV-II+Pro Viscometer with RheocalcT software may be employed for automated instrument control and data acquisition. The test temperature is maintained at 25° C. by using a Brookfield TC-502P Programmable Refrigerated Bath. From its original container, a sample is transferred into a 120 mL glass jar and then tested.
Methods
The instant disclosure relates to methods of treating skin. The methods include applying a cosmetic composition according to the instant disclosure, optionally allowing the cosmetic composition to remain on the skin for a period of time. The cosmetic compositions are typically applied directly to the skin using the hand or a cloth. The skin may be optionally washed or rinsed prior to application. The method for treating the skin can be carried out once daily or may be carried out multiple times. For example, the method for treating skin may be carried out once daily, twice daily, weekly, bi-weekly for an extended period of time, for example, for about 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6 months up to 1 year, or longer. In various embodiments, the methods are directed to reinforcing or improving the natural lipid barrier of the skin treating dry and/or aging skin; maintaining and/or improving moisture balance of the skin; and/or improving the appearance of skin.
The instant disclosure also relates to methods for stabilizing cosmetic composition containing high amounts of hydroxypropyl tetrahydropyrantriol. This method comprises incorporating hydroxypropyl tetrahydropyrantriol into the compositions of the instant disclosure. The amounts of hydroxypropyl tetrahydropyrantriol that may be incorporated are the amounts set forth throughout the instant disclosure.
Kits
The cosmetic compositions of the instant disclosure may be provided in a kit, for example, a kit comprising an individually contained cosmetic composition according to the instant disclosure and one or more additional separately contained cosmetic compositions. In an embodiment, the one or more separately contained compositions may be an additional composition according to the instant disclosure or may be a different composition. The cosmetic compositions may be separately contained in different cartridges, which are included in a dispensing apparatus/device. In other words, the kit may be a dispensing apparatus/device comprising a plurality of cartridges in which the compositions are contained. The kit (or apparatus/device) may optionally dispense the cosmetic composition of the instant disclosure and separately dispense the one or more separately contained composition. In various embodiments, the compositions may be dispensed individually or concurrently, and may optionally be mixed (or not mixed) with each other prior to being dispensed. In an embodiment, the various compositions are not mixed with each other prior to being dispensed. Useful systems, cartridges, and dispensing apparatus/devices are disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 9,968,177 and 9,808,071; US Patent Application Publication. Nos. 2021/0236390, 2021/0235849 and 2021/0236863; and in U.S. Ser. No. 17/162,555, which are all incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.
In some embodiments, the cosmetic composition comprises or consists of:
The cosmetic compositions of the instant disclosure are stable. For example, in an embodiment the cosmetic compositions do not visually phase separate or form visibly observable particulates for at least 2 weeks, 4 weeks, and/or 8 weeks in storage at 4° C., 25° C., 37° C., and/or 45° C.
In another embodiment, the cosmetic compositions do not visually phase separate or form visibly observable particulates for at least 10 cycles of freeze-thaw testing, wherein the freeze-thaw testing comprises placing the cosmetic composition in a stability chamber and subjecting it to temperature fluctuation at 12-hour intervals, for a first interval of 12 hours at −20° C. followed by a second interval of 12 hours at 25° C.
In an embodiment, the viscosity of the cosmetic compositions does not change by more than 20%, 15%, 10%, or 5%, for at least 2 weeks, 4 weeks, and/or 8 weeks in storage at 4° C., 25° C., 37° C., and/or 45° C.
The cosmetic compositions preferably have a viscosity of about 5,000 to about 200,000 Pa·s at 25° C., and shear rate of 1 s−1 at 25° C. However, in further embodiments, the compositions have a viscosity of about 10,000 to about 200,000 Pa·s, about 10,000 to about 180,000 Pa·s, about 10,000 to about 150,000 Pa·s, about 10,000 to about 120,000 Pa·s, about 10,000 to about 100,000 Pa·s, about 10,000 to about 80,000 Pa·s, about 15,000 to about 200,000 Pa·s, about 15,000 to about 180,000 Pa·s, about 15,000 to about 150,000 Pa·s, about 15,000 to about 120,000 Pa·s, about 15,000 to about 100,000 Pa·s, about 15,000 to about 80,000 Pa·s, about 20,000 to about 200,000 Pa·s, about 20,000 to about 180,000 Pa·s, about 20,000 to about 150,000 Pa·s, about 20,000 to about 120,000 Pa·s, about 20,000 to about 100,000 Pa·s, about 20,000 to about 80,000 Pa·s, about 30,000 to about 200,000 Pa·s, about 30,000 to about 180,000 Pa·s, about 30,000 to about 150,000 Pa·s, about 30,000 to about 120,000 Pa·s, about 30,000 to about 100,000 Pa·s, about 30,000 to about 80,000 Pa·s, about 35,000 to about 200,000 Pa·s, about 35,000 to about 180,000 Pa·s, about 35,000 to about 150,000 Pa·s, about 35,000 to about 120,000 Pa·s, about 35,000 to about 100,000 Pa·s, or about 35,000 to about 80,000 Pa·s at 25° C., and shear rate of 1 s−1 at 25° C.
In various embodiments, the cosmetic composition comprises or consists of:
The cosmetic compositions of the instant disclosure are stable. For example, in an embodiment the cosmetic compositions do not visually phase separate or form visibly observable particulates for at least 2 weeks, 4 weeks, and/or 8 weeks in storage at 4° C., 25° C., 37° C., and/or 45° C.
In another embodiment, the cosmetic compositions do not visually phase separate or form visibly observable particulates for at least 10 cycles of freeze-thaw testing, wherein the freeze-thaw testing comprises placing the cosmetic composition in a stability chamber and subjecting it to temperature fluctuation at 12-hour intervals, for a first interval of 12 hours at −20° C. followed by a second interval of 12 hours at 25° C.
In an embodiment, the viscosity of the cosmetic compositions does not change by more than 20%, 15%, 10%, or 5%, for at least 2 weeks, 4 weeks, and/or 8 weeks in storage at 4° C., 25° C., 37° C., and/or 45° C.
The cosmetic compositions preferably have a viscosity of about 5,000 to about 200,000 Pa·s at 25° C., and shear rate of 1 s−1 at 25° C. However, in further embodiments, the compositions have a viscosity of about 10,000 to about 200,000 Pa·s, about 10,000 to about 180,000 Pa·s, about 10,000 to about 150,000 Pa·s, about 10,000 to about 120,000 Pa·s, about 10,000 to about 100,000 Pa·s, about 10,000 to about 80,000 Pa·s, about 15,000 to about 200,000 Pa·s, about 15,000 to about 180,000 Pa·s, about 15,000 to about 150,000 Pa·s, about 15,000 to about 120,000 Pa·s, about 15,000 to about 100,000 Pa·s, about 15,000 to about 80,000 Pa·s, about 20,000 to about 200,000 Pa·s, about 20,000 to about 180,000 Pa·s, about 20,000 to about 150,000 Pa·s, about 20,000 to about 120,000 Pa·s, about 20,000 to about 100,000 Pa·s, about 20,000 to about 80,000 Pa·s, about 30,000 to about 200,000 Pa·s, about 30,000 to about 180,000 Pa·s, about 30,000 to about 150,000 Pa·s, about 30,000 to about 120,000 Pa·s, about 30,000 to about 100,000 Pa·s, about 30,000 to about 80,000 Pa·s, about 35,000 to about 200,000 Pa·s, about 35,000 to about 180,000 Pa·s, about 35,000 to about 150,000 Pa·s, about 35,000 to about 120,000 Pa·s, about 35,000 to about 100,000 Pa·s, or about 35,000 to about 80,000 Pa·s at 25° C., and shear rate of 1 s−1 at 25° C.
As various changes could be made in the above-described methods without departing from the scope of the invention, it is intended that all matter contained in the above description and in the examples given below, shall be interpreted as illustrative and not in a limiting sense.
The following Examples are intended to be non-restrictive and explanatory only. The ingredient amounts in the compositions/formulas described below are expressed in % by weight, based on the total weight of the composition.
The compositions of Example 1 were subjected to stability studies and visually evaluated for phase separation and assessed under a microscope for particulate formation. The visual color change of the compositions was also evaluated. The compositions were assessed upon initial manufacture of the composition (To). The compositions were again evaluated after 10 days of freeze-thaw testing. The compositions were placed in a stability chamber and subjected to temperature fluctuation at 12-hour intervals. For 12 hours, the compositions were held at −20° C. For the next 12 hours, the compositions were held at 25° C. The cycle was repeated 10 times (for 10 days).
Separately, the compositions of Example 1 were evaluated after 4 weeks (1 month) in storage at 4° C., 25° C., 37° C., and 45° C. and again at 8 weeks (2 months) at 4° C., 25° C., 37° C., and 45° C. and visually evaluated for phase separation and assessed under a microscope for particulate formation.
Inventive Compositions A and B were deemed stable (“Y”) (yes) because they did not visually phase separate, retained their color, and did not form particulates. Comparative Compositions C-1 and C-2 were not subjected to stability test because they failed to form emulsions that could be further tested.
The foregoing description illustrates and describes the invention. The disclosure shows and describes only the preferred embodiments but it should be understood that the invention is capable to use in various other combinations, modifications, and environments and is capable of changes or modifications within the scope of the inventive concepts as expressed herein, commensurate with the above teachings and/or the skill or knowledge of the relevant art. The embodiments described herein above are further intended to explain best modes known by applicant and to enable others skilled in the art to utilize the disclosure in such, or other, embodiments and with the various modifications required by the particular applications or uses thereof. Accordingly, the description is not intended to limit the invention to the form disclosed herein.
As used herein, the term “silicone oil” refers to a liquid polymerized siloxane compound having an organic side chain. There are various silicone oils depending on a type of the organic side chain.
As used herein, the terms “comprising,” “having,” and “including” (or “comprise,” “have,” and “include”) are used in their open, non-limiting sense. The phrase “consisting essentially of” limits the scope of a claim to the specified materials or steps and those that do not materially affect the basic and novel characteristics of the claimed invention.
The terms “a,” “an,” and “the” are understood to encompass the plural as well as the singular.
Thus, the term “a mixture thereof” also relates to “mixtures thereof.” Throughout the disclosure, if the term “a mixture thereof” is used, following a list of elements as shown in the following example where letters A-F represent the elements: “one or more elements selected from the group consisting of A, B, C, D, E, F, or mixtures thereof.” The term, “a mixture thereof” does not require that the mixture include all of A, B, C, D, E, and F (although all of A, B, C, D, E, and F may be included). Rather, it indicates that a mixture of any two or more of A, B, C, D, E, and F can be included. In other words, it is equivalent to the phrase “one or more elements chosen from A, B, C, D, E, F, and a mixture of any two or more of A, B, C, D, E, and F.”
Likewise, the term “a salt thereof” also relates to “salts thereof.” Thus, where the disclosure refers to “an element selected from the group consisting of A, B, C, D, E, F, a salt thereof, or mixtures thereof,” it indicates that that one or more of A, B, C, D, and F may be included, one or more of a salt of A, a salt of B, a salt of C, a salt of D, a salt of E, and a salt of F may be included, or a mixture of any two of A, B, C, D, E, F, a salt of A, a salt of B, a salt of C, a salt of D, a salt of E, and a salt of F may be included.
The salts referred to throughout the disclosure may include salts having a counter-ion such as an alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, or ammonium counterion. This list of counterions, however, is non-limiting. Appropriate counterions for the components described herein are known in the art.
The expression “one or more” means “at least one” and thus includes individual components as well as mixtures/combinations.
The term “plurality” means “more than one” or “two or more.”
An “alkyl radical” is a linear or branched saturated hydrocarbon-based group, particularly C1-C8, more particularly C1-C6, preferably C1-C4 such as methyl, ethyl, isopropyl and tert-butyl;
An “alkoxy radical” is a alkyl-oxy wherein alkyl is as described herein before;
An “alkenyl radical” is a linear or branched unsaturated hydrocarbon-based group, particularly C2-C8, more particularly C2-C6, preferably C2-C4 such as ethylenyl, propylenyl;
An “alkylene radical” is a linear or branched divalent saturated C1-C8, in particular C1-C6, preferably C1-C4 hydrocarbon-based group such as methylene, ethylene or propylene.
Some of the various categories of components identified for the cosmetic compositions may overlap. In such cases where overlap may exist and the composition/product includes two overlapping components (or more than two overlapping components), an overlapping component does not represent more than one component. As an example, a certain compound may be considered both a “fatty compound” and a “emulsifier.” If a particular composition/product includes both a fatty compound and an emulsifier, the certain compound can serve as only a fatty compound or an emulsifier (a single certain compound does not serve as both the compound and the emulsifier).
All percentages, parts and ratios herein are based upon the total weight of the compositions of the present invention, unless otherwise indicated.
All ranges and values disclosed herein are inclusive and combinable. For examples, any value or point described herein that falls within a range described herein can serve as a minimum or maximum value to derive a sub-range, etc. Furthermore, all ranges provided are meant to include every specific range within, and combination of sub-ranges between, the given ranges. Thus, a range from 1-5, includes specifically points 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5, as well as sub-ranges such as 2-5, 3-5, 2-3, 2-4, 1-4, etc.; and points of 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 includes ranges and sub-ranges of 1-5, 2-5, 3-5, 2-3, 2-4, 1-4, etc.
Other than in the operating examples, or where otherwise indicated, all numbers expressing quantities of ingredients and/or reaction conditions may be modified with the term “about,” whether or not expressly stated.
Additionally, all numbers are intended to represent exact values as additional embodiments, whether or not modified by the term “about.” For example, “an amount of about 1%” can be modified to refer to exactly 1%. As a further example, “an amount of 1%” can be modified to refer to “about 1%.” Unless otherwise indicated, the term “about” is understood to encompass a range of +/−10% from the stated number. However, in some embodiments, the term may be defined to encompass narrower ranges, for example, +/−1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, 5%, 6%, 7%, 8%, 9%, and 10% from the stated number.
The term “surfactants” and “emulsifiers” include salts of the surfactants and emulsifiers even if not explicitly stated. In other words, whenever the disclosure refers to a surfactant or emulsifier, it is intended that salts are also encompassed to the extent such salts exist, even though the specification may not specifically refer to a salt (or may not refer to a salt in every instance throughout the disclosure), for example, by using language such as “a salt thereof” or “salts thereof.” Sodium and potassium are common cations that form salts with surfactants and emulsifiers. However, additional cations such as ammonium ions, or alkanolammonium ions such as monoethanolammonium or triethanolammonium ions, may also form salts of surfactants.
The term “substantially free” or “essentially free” as used herein means the specific material may be present in small amounts that do not materially affect the basic and novel characteristics of the claimed invention. For instance, there may be less than 2% by weight of a specific material added to a composition, based on the total weight of the composition (provided that an amount of less than 2% by weight does not materially affect the basic and novel characteristics of the claimed invention). Similarly, a composition “substantially free” or “essentially free” of a stated material may include less than 1.5 wt. %, less than 1 wt. %, less than 0.5 wt. %, less than 0.1 wt. %, less than 0.05 wt. %, or less than 0.01 wt. %, or none of the specified material. The term “substantially free” or “essentially free” as used herein may also mean that the specific material is not added to the composition but may still be present in a raw material that is included in the composition.
Furthermore, all components that are positively set forth in the instant disclosure may be negatively excluded from the claims, e.g., a claimed composition may be “free,” “essentially free” (or “substantially free”) of one or more components that are positively set forth in the instant disclosure. As an example, the cosmetic composition of the instant disclosure may optionally include one or more phenolic or polyphenolic active compounds, for example, baicalin. However, in an embodiment, the cosmetic compositions may be free or essentially free from phenolic or polyphenolic active compounds, in particular baicalin.
All publications and patent applications cited in this specification are herein incorporated by reference, and for any and all purposes, as if each individual publication or patent application were specifically and individually indicated to be incorporated by reference. In the event of an inconsistency between the present disclosure and any publications or patent application incorporated herein by reference, the present disclosure controls.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2200831 | Jan 2022 | FR | national |
This application claims benefit of U.S. Ser. No. 63/273,968 filed Oct. 31, 2021, and benefit of French Application No. FR 2200831, filed on Jan. 31, 2022, which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 63273968 | Oct 2021 | US |
