Patent Application
20120199154
The present invention relates to use of a cosmetic agent comprising, in a cosmetic carrier, at least one polyamide that is liquid at 20° C. and that is a reaction product of at least one dimerized fatty acid and at least one diamino compound, as well as its use for controlling unmanageable, frizzy hair and a corresponding hair treatment method.
Today, a suitably looking hairstyle is generally regarded as an essential part of a well groomed appearance. Based on current fashion trends, time and again hairstyles are considered chic, which, for many types of hair, can only be formed or sustained over a longer period of up to several days by the use of certain setting materials. Thus, hair treatment agents which provide a permanent or temporary hairstyling play an important role. Temporary styling intended to provide a good hold, without compromising the healthy appearance of the hair such as the gloss, can be obtained, for example, by use of hairsprays, hair waxes, hair gels, hair foams, setting lotions, etc.
Suitable compositions for temporary hairstyling usually comprise synthetic polymers as the styling component. Preparations comprising a dissolved or dispersed polymer can be applied on the hair by means of propellants or by a pumping mechanism. Hair gels and hair waxes in particular are however not generally applied directly on the hair, but rather dispersed with a comb or by hand.
The most important property of an agent for the temporary styling of keratin fibers, in the following also called styling agents, consists in giving the treated fibers the strongest possible hold in the created shape. If the keratinic fibers concern human hair, then one also speaks of a strong hairstyle hold or a high degree of hold of the styling agent. The styling hold is determined essentially by the type and quantity of the synthetic polymer used, but there may also be an influence from the other components of the styling agent.
Some people complain about unmanageable, frizzy hair. This unmanageable, frizzy hair makes up only a part of the total mass of hair, but is difficult to control and can therefore be unpleasant. The unmanageable, frizzy hair mostly sticks out individually from an e.g. collection of fibers defined as a curl and gives the observer the overall impression that the hairstyle is uncared for and rated as haphazard. This phenomenon is also designated by the person skilled in the art as “frizz”.
Cosmetic agents against unmanageable, frizzy hair are known to the person skilled in the art. They mostly comprise oils that surround the cuticula and minimize the frizz. However, the oil causes an unnatural, fatty hair gloss that should be avoided.
Accordingly, the invention provides an agent for controlling unmanageable frizzy hair which can have a good degree of hold while controlling unmanageable, frizzy hair and helps binding into defined hairstyles. Furthermore, the hair should retain its natural gloss.
It has now been surprisingly found that this can be achieved by use of a cosmetic agent containing a combination of a specific polyamide. Naturally curly hair with parts of unmanageable, frizzy hair (frizz) that was treated with this agent can be brought into a defined shape. The unmanageable, frizzy hair together with the remaining collection of hair fibers can be brought into shape and set in this shape. The inventive agent is particularly suitable for straightening naturally curly hair containing parts of unmanageable, frizzy hair (frizz).
Cosmetic agents, comprising in a cosmetic carrier at least one polyamide that is liquid at 20° C. and a reaction product of at least one dimerized fatty acid and at least one diamino compound, are a first subject matter of the present invention.
In the context of the invention, all quantitative data are understood to always take into account each of the cited upper and lower limits.
In all Formulas below, the symbol * signifies a chemical bond that stands for a free valence of a structural fragment.
Dimerized fatty acids are obtained as a product in an oligomerization or polymerization reaction of unsaturated long chain, monobasic fatty acids.
Dimerized fatty acids are well known to the person skilled in the art and are commercially available. When manufactured, dimerized fatty acids are known to exist as a mixture of a plurality of isomers and oligomers. Before work up, this mixture comprises 0 to 15 wt % monomeric fatty acids, 60 to 96 wt % dimerized fatty acids and 0.2 to 35 wt % trimerized fatty acids or higher oligomerized fatty acids. The crude mixture is normally worked up by distillation, sometimes followed by hydrogenation (saturation of the remaining double bonds with hydrogen).
In the context of the inventive use, the cosmetic agent preferably comprises the polyamide in an amount of 0.01 to 30.0 wt %, preferably 0.1 to 15.0 wt %, particularly preferably 0.5 to 10.0 wt %, quite particularly preferably 1.0 to 5.0 wt %, each relative to the weight of the agent. These quantity ranges also apply for the following preferred embodiments of the polyamide.
Polyamides according to the invention are present in the agent according to the invention in a molecular weight distribution. Preferred polyamides have an average molecular weight (weight average) of 10 to 200 kDa, preferably 10 to 100 kDa. The stated weight average is an average molecular weight that takes into account the total weight of the molecules of various molecular weights and not simply the number of the molecules. The statistical calculation of the weight average from the molecular weight distribution is well known to the person skilled in the art and can be found in text books.
Moreover, a particularly good effect is apparent if cosmetic agents are used wherein the polyamide has an E-modulus at 2% deformation of 10 to 500, particularly 20 to 150. E-modulus is measured according to ASTM D638.
Particularly preferred useable polyamides have an elongation at break in % of 20 to 1000, particularly 400 to 1000, quite particularly preferably 600 to 1000. Elongation at break is measured according to DIN 53455.
Suitable dimerized fatty acids can be obtained by coupling or condensation of two moles of unsaturated monocarboxylic acids (a mixture of various unsaturated monocarboxylic acids can also be employed as the suitable monocarboxylic acid). Unsaturated fatty acids can be provided with the aid of diverse known catalytic or non-catalytic polymerization processes. Production processes for dimerized fatty acids are known, for example, from U.S. Pat. Nos. 2,793,219 and 2,955,219.
Those dimerized fatty acids have been found to be preferred which were produced by coupling unsaturated (C10 to C24) monocarboxylic acids. Those dimerized fatty acids have been found to be preferred which were produced by coupling unsaturated (C10 to C24) monocarboxylic acids. They are mono-unsaturated (C10 to C24) monocarboxylic acids and/or polyunsaturated (C10 to C24) monocarboxylic acids.
Dimerized fatty acids containing 36 carbon atoms, obtained by dimerizing an unsaturated monocarboxylic acid containing 18 carbon atoms such as oleic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid and their mixtures (mixture of for example tallow oil fatty acid cut), are particularly preferably utilized for manufacturing the inventively used polyamides. Such dimerized fatty acids contain a C36 dicarboxylic acid as the major constituent and usually have an acid number of 180 to 215, a saponification number of 190 to 205 and a neutral equivalent of 265 to 310. Dimerized fatty acids with less than 30 wt % of by-products including monocarboxylic acids, trimerized fatty acids as well as higher oligomerized/polymerized fatty acids are particularly suitable in the context of the invention. Dimerized fatty acids can be hydrogenated and/or distilled before being reacted to form the inventively used polyamides. According to the invention, dimerized fatty acid used for production of the polyamide preferably has a content of at least 90 wt % of the dimer.
Particularly preferred dimerized fatty acids used for the production of the polyamide are manufactured by coupling linoleic acid and/or linolenic acid and/or oleic acid. Mixtures of oleic acid and linoleic acid are found in the tallow oil fatty acid cut, which represents a cost-effective raw material source. A typical composition of the dimerized fatty acids that are formed by treating the tallow oil fatty acids having 18 carbon atoms and which are suitable for manufacturing the inventively used polyamides, is:
Furthermore, in one embodiment of the invention it can be preferred to add, in addition to the dimerized fatty acid, at least one aliphatic dicarboxylic acid containing 6 to 18 carbon atoms for manufacturing the polyamide. Here, both linear as well as branched dicarboxylic acids can be used. Exemplary suitable dicarboxylic acids have Formula HOOC—Ra—COOH wherein Ra is a divalent, aliphatic, hydrocarbon structural fragment with 4 to 16 carbon atoms, such as azelaic acid, sebacic acid, dodecane-1,12-dicarboxylic acid and their mixtures. Ra can be linear or branched.
The dimerized fatty acid (and the optionally additionally added aliphatic dicarboxylic acid with 6 to 18 carbon atoms) used for inventively manufacturing the polyamides is imperatively treated with at least one diamino compound. Those polyamides manufactured with at least one diamino compound chosen from diamino compounds of Formula (I) exhibited better properties for the inventive use
H2N—R′—NH2 (I)
wherein R1 is a linear (C2 to C10) alkylene group, a branched (C2 to C10) alkylene group, a *-R2—O—(CH2CH2O)n(CH2CHMeO)m—R3-* group wherein R2 and R3 are, independently of one another, a (C2 to C10) alkylene group (particularly ethane-1,2-diyl or propane-1,2-diyl), and n and m are, independently of one another, an integer from 0 to 100, wherein the sum of m+n>0, or a group of Formula
wherein R4 and R5 are, independently of one another, a (C2 to C6) alkylene group.
In the *-R2—O—(CH2CH2O)n(CH2CHMeO)m—R3-* group, the ethylene oxide or propylene oxide groups can be present as a block or distributed statistically.
Polyamides that are formed by the reaction of at least one dimerized fatty acid with a combination selected from at least one compound of Formula (I) and at least one compound of Formula (I-1) exhibit excellent performance properties
H2N—R1—NH2 (I)
H2N—R2—O—(CH2CH2O)n(CH2CHMeO)m—R3—NH2 (I-1)
wherein R1 is a (C2 to C10) alkylene group, R2 and R3 are, independently of one another, a (C2 to C10) alkylene group, and n and m are, independently of one another, an integer from 0 to 100, wherein the sum of m+n>0.
Compounds of Formula (I-1) represent polyoxyalkylenediamines. Processes for the preparation of these polyoxyalkylenediamines are known to one skilled in the art and include reaction of initiator molecules containing two hydroxyl groups with ethylene oxide and/or monosubstituted ethylene oxide (e.g., propylene oxide) followed by conversion of the terminal hydroxyl group into amino groups.
If compounds of Formula (I-1) having m>0 are used, then it is again preferred to select those compounds of Formula (I-1) in which additionally n>0, with the proviso that the total diamino compound of Formula (I) has a maximum fraction of 50 wt % of propylene oxide units, relative to the weight of the diamino compound. The ethylene oxide and propylene oxide units according to Formula (I-1) or according to Formula (I) can be distributed statistically or sequentially or be in at least two blocks.
If R1 of the compound according to Formula (I) is a *-R2—O—(CH2CH2O)n(CH2CHMeO)m—R3-* group, then the maximum fraction of propylene oxide units is preferably 40 wt % and particularly preferably maximum 30 wt %, based on weight of the compound according to Formula (I).
Inventively preferred suitable polyoxyalkylenediamines of Formula (I-1) have a molecular weight of 460 to 6000 g/mol, particularly preferably 600 to 5000.
Inventively preferred suitable polyoxyalkylenediamines are marketed as the commercial product Jeffamine® by Huntsman Corporation, Houston, Tex. These polyoxyalkylenediamines are manufactured by treating bifunctional initiators with ethylene oxide and propylene oxide and subsequently converting the terminal hydroxyl groups into amino groups. Particularly preferred polyoxyalkyleneamines are part of the Jeffamine™ D series and JD series, (in particular Jeffamine JD2000, Jeffamine JD 400 and Jeffamine JD230) from Huntsman Chemical Company.
It is however particularly preferred according to the invention, if the diamino compound is exclusively chosen from at least one diamino compound of Formula (I)
H2N—R1—NH2 (I)
wherein R1 is a linear (C2 to C10) alkylene group or branched (C2 to C10) alkylene group, preferably a branched (C2 to C10) alkylene group.
Exemplary preferred linear alkylenediamines (R1 in Formula (I) i a linear C2-C10 alkylene group) are 1,2-ethylenediamine, 1,2-propylenediamine, 1,3-propylenediamine, tetramethylenediamine, pentamethylenediamine, hexamethylenediamine, octamethylenediamine. Exemplary preferred branched alkylendiamines (R1 in Formula (I) is a branched C2-C10 alkylene group) are 2-methyl-1,5-pentanediamine, 5-methyl-1,9-nonanediamines and 2,2,4-trimethyl-1,6-hexanediamine and mixtures thereof.
Furthermore, it is particularly advantageous when at least one diamino compound is 1,2-ethylenediamine.
The stated polyamides can be obtained by standard processes under known reaction conditions. The dimerized fatty acid and diamino compound(s) are usually caused to react at temperatures of 100° C. to 300° C. for a period of 1 to 8 hours. The reaction is mainly carried out at 140° C. to 240° C. until the theoretical amount of water from the condensation reaction forms. The reaction is preferably carried out under an inert atmosphere such as nitrogen. In order to complete the reaction, the reaction system is preferably placed under vacuum so as to facilitate removal of water and other volatile constituents. Use of acid catalysts (e.g., phosphoric acid) and a vacuum (the latter particularly for the final reaction phase) is preferred in order to ensure an almost complete conversion to the amide.
The number of free carboxyl groups or free amine groups in the polyamide is a function of the relative amounts of the carboxylic acid components and diamine components employed in the production of the polyamide. The inventively employed polyamide can be acid-terminated, amine-terminated or acid- and amine-terminated. Mixtures of these correspondingly terminated polyamides can also be used.
Inventively useable acid-terminated polyamides preferably have Formula (IIa),
wherein
Inventively useable amine-terminated polyamides quite particularly preferably have Formula (IIb),
wherein
Furthermore, the amine-terminated polyamides can also be present as ammonio-terminated polyamides. In this case the terminal amino groups are quaternized with (C1 to C20) alkyl groups.
Inventively useable amine- and acid-terminated polyamides preferably have Formula (IIc),
wherein
Preferred inventively useable polyamides have an acid number of 0.01 to 5, particularly 0.05 to 4. Acid number is determined by measurement methods according to DIN EN ISO 2114.
In addition, preferred useable polyamides have an amine number from 0.1 to 90, particularly 2 to 20. Amine number is determined by measurement methods according to DIN 53176.
Quite particularly preferred inventive cosmetic agents are those according to at least one of the following embodiments A to H:
A): Cosmetic agent, comprising in a cosmetic carrier at least one polyamide that is liquid at 20° C. and is a reaction product of
H2N—R1—NH2 (I)
B): Cosmetic agent, comprising in a cosmetic carrier at least one polyamide that is liquid at 20° C. and is a reaction product of
(H2N—R1—NH2) (I)
C): Cosmetic agent, comprising in a cosmetic carrier at least one polyamide that is liquid at 20° C. having an average molecular weight (weight average) of 10 to 200 kDa, preferably 10 to 100 kDa, wherein the polyamide is a reaction product of
H2N—R1—NH2 (I)
D): Cosmetic agent, comprising in a cosmetic carrier at least one polyamide that is liquid at 20° C. having an average molecular weight (weight average) of 10 to 200 kDa, preferably 10 to 100 kDa, wherein the polyamide is a reaction product of
H2N—R1—NH2 (I)
E): Cosmetic agent, comprising in a cosmetic carrier at least one polyamide that is liquid at 20° C. and is a reaction product of
H2N—R1—NH2 (I)
F): Cosmetic agent, comprising in a cosmetic carrier at least one polyamide that is liquid at 20° C. and is a reaction product of
H2N—R1—NH2 (I)
G): Cosmetic agent, comprising in a cosmetic carrier at least one polyamide that is liquid at 20° C. having an average molecular weight (weight average) of 10 to 200 kDa, preferably 10 to 100 kDa, wherein the polyamide is a reaction product of
H2N—R1—NH2 (I)
H): Cosmetic agent, comprising in a cosmetic carrier at least one polyamide that is liquid at 20° C. having an average molecular weight (weight average) of 10 to 200 kDa, preferably 10 to 100 kDa, wherein the polyamide is a reaction product of
H2N—R1—NH2 (I)
In the context of the preferred embodiments A to H, the previously preferred added quantities of the polyamide are preferred mutatis mutandis.
In the context of the preferred embodiments A to H, the previously preferred amine numbers of the polyamide are preferred mutatis mutandis.
In the context of the preferred embodiments A to H, the previously preferred acid numbers of the polyamide are preferred mutatis mutandis.
In the context of the preferred embodiments A to H, the previously preferred glass transition temperatures of the polyamide are preferred mutatis mutandis.
Agents according to the invention comprise the ingredients or active substances in a cosmetically acceptable carrier.
Preferred cosmetically acceptable carriers are aqueous, alcoholic or aqueous alcoholic media (containing preferably at least 10 wt % water, based on the total agent). In particular, lower alcohols containing 1 to 4 carbon atoms, such as ethanol and isopropanol, which are usually used for cosmetic purposes, can be present as alcohols.
Accordingly, in a preferred embodiment, the agent additionally has at least one alcohol having 2 to 6 carbon atoms and 1 to 3 hydroxyl groups. This additional alcohol is again preferably chosen from at least one compound of ethanol, ethylene glycol, isopropanol, 1,2-propylene glycol, 1,3-propylene glycol, glycerin, n-butanol, 1,3-butylene glycol. A quite particularly preferred alcohol is ethanol.
The agent preferably comprises the additional alcohol having 2 to 6 carbon atoms and 1 to 3 hydroxyl groups (particularly in the presence of at least one propellant) in an amount of 40 wt % to 65 wt %, particularly 40 wt % to 50 wt %, based on total weight of the cosmetic agent.
Organic solvents or a mixture of solvents with a boiling point of less than 400° C. can be used as additional co-solvents in the inventive agent in an amount of 0.1 to 15 wt %, preferably 1 to 10 wt %, based on total agent. Particularly suitable additional co-solvents are unbranched or branched hydrocarbons such as pentane, hexane, isopentane and cyclic hydrocarbons such as cyclopentane and cyclohexane. Additional, particularly preferred water-soluble solvents are glycerin, ethylene glycol and propylene glycol in an amount of up to 30 wt % based on total agent.
In particular, the addition of glycerin and/or propylene glycol and/or polyethylene glycol and/or polypropylene glycol increases the flexibility of the polymer film formed when the agent according to the invention is used. Consequently, if a more flexible hold is desired, then the agents preferably contain 0.01 to 30 wt % glycerin and/or propylene glycol and/or polyethylene glycol and/or polypropylene glycol, based on total agent.
The agents preferably exhibit a pH of 2 to 11. The pH range is particularly preferably from 2 to 8. In the context of this publication, pH data refer to the pH at 25° C. unless otherwise stated.
The inventive effects were increased by addition of at least one (C2 to C6) trialkyl citrate to the agent. Consequently, it is inventively preferred when the agents additionally have at least one compound of Formula E,
wherein R1, R2 and R3 are, independently of one another, a (C2 to C6) alkyl group.
Exemplary (C2 to C6) alkyl groups according to Formula (E) are methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, n-propyl, n-butyl, sec-butyl, isobutyl, tert-butyl, n-pentyl, neopentyl, isopentyl, n-hexyl.
Triethyl citrate is a particularly preferred compound of Formula (E).
The agent according to the invention preferably comprises the compound of Formula (E) in an amount of 0.01 to 1 wt %, particularly 0.05 to 0.3 wt %, based on total weight of the agent.
A similar increase in inventive effect can be achieved by adding isopropyl myristate. Agents according to the invention preferably comprise this ester in an amount of 0.1 wt % to 1 wt %, particularly 0.05 wt % to 0.3 wt %, based on total weight of the agent.
In order to intensify the effect according to the invention, the agents according to the invention preferably additionally comprise at least one surfactant, wherein in principal, non-ionic, anionic, cationic, ampholytic surfactants are suitable. The group of the ampholytic or also amphoteric surfactants includes zwitterionic surfactants and ampholytes. According to the invention, the surfactants can already have an emulsifying action. The addition of a non-ionic surfactant and/or at least one cationic surfactant is preferred in the context of this embodiment of the invention.
The agent preferably contains additional surfactants in an amount of 0.01 wt % to 5 wt %, more preferably 0.05 wt % to 0.5 wt %, based on total weight of the agent.
It has proved particularly preferable when the agents according to the invention additionally have at least one non-ionic surfactant.
Non-ionic surfactants comprise, for example, a polyol group, a polyalkylene glycol ether group or a combination of polyol ether groups and polyglycol ether groups as the hydrophilic group. Exemplary compounds of this type are
R1CO—(OCH2CHR2)wOR3 (T-I)
R4O-[G]p (T-II)
Alkylene oxide addition products to saturated, linear fatty alcohols and fatty acids, each with 2 to 100 moles ethylene oxide per mole fatty alcohol or fatty acid, have proven to be quite particularly preferred non-ionic surfactants. Similarly, preparations with excellent properties are obtained when they comprise C12-C30 fatty acid mono and diesters of addition products of 1 to 30 moles ethylene oxide to glycerin and/or addition products of 5 to 60 moles ethylene oxide to castor oil and hydrogenated castor oil as the non-ionic surfactants.
For surfactants, which are represented by the addition products of ethylene oxide and/or propylene oxide to fatty alcohols or derivatives of these addition products, both products with a “normal” homologue distribution as well as those with a narrow homologue distribution may be used. The term “normal” homologue distribution refers to mixtures of homologues obtained from the reaction of fatty alcohols and alkylene oxide using alkali metals, alkali metal hydroxides or alkali metal alkoxides as catalysts. Narrow homologue distributions are obtained if, for example, hydrotalcite, alkaline earth metal salts of ether carboxylic acids, alkaline earth metal oxides, hydroxides or alkoxides are used as catalysts. Use of products with a narrow homologue distribution can be preferred.
Agents according to the invention quite particularly preferably comprise as the surfactant at least one addition product of 15 to 100 moles ethylene oxide, especially 15 to 50 moles ethylene oxide on a linear or branched (especially linear) fatty alcohol containing 8 to 22 carbon atoms. These are quite preferably Ceteareth-15, Ceteareth-25 or Ceteareth-50, marketed as Eumulgin® CS 15 (COGNIS), Cremophor A25 (BASF SE) or Eumulgin® CS 50 (COGNIS).
Suitable anionic surfactants include in general all anionic surface-active materials suitable for use on the human body. They have a water solubilizing anionic group, such as a carboxylate, sulfate, sulfonate or phosphate group and a lipophilic alkyl group containing about 8 to 30 carbon atoms. In addition, the molecule may comprise glycol or polyglycol ether groups, ester, ether and amide groups as well as hydroxyl groups. Exemplary suitable anionic surfactants are, each in the form of the sodium, potassium and ammonium, as well as the mono, di and trialkanolammonium salts containing 2 to 4 carbon atoms in the alkanol group,
R7CO(AlkO)nSO3M (T-VI)
Preferred anionic surfactants are alkyl sulfates, alkyl polyglycol ether sulfates and ether carboxylic acids with 10 to 18 carbon atoms in the alkyl group and up to 12 glycol ether groups in the molecule, sulfosuccinic acid mono and dialkyl esters with 8 to 18 C atoms in the alkyl group and sulfosuccinic acid mono-alkyl polyoxyethyl esters with 8 to 18 C atoms in the alkyl group and 1 to 6 oxyethylene groups, monoglycerin disulfates, alkyl and alkenyl ether phosphates as well as albumin fatty acid condensates.
According to the invention, cationic surfactants of the type quaternary ammonium compounds, esterquats and amido amines can likewise be used. Preferred quaternary ammonium compounds are ammonium halides, especially chlorides and bromides, such as alkyl-trimethylammonium chlorides, dialkyldimethylammonium chlorides and trialkylmethylammonium chlorides. The long alkyl chains of these surfactants preferably have 10 to 18 carbon atoms, such as in cetyltrimethylammonium chloride, stearyltrimethylammonium chloride, distearyldimethylammonium chloride, lauryldimethylammonium chloride, lauryldimethylbenzylammonium chloride and tricetylmethylammonium chloride. Further preferred cationic surfactants are those imidazolium compounds known under the INCI names Quaternium-27 and Quaternium-83.
Zwitterionic surfactants refer to those surface-active compounds having at least one quaternary ammonium group and at least one —COO(−) or —SO3(−) group in the molecule. Particularly suitable zwitterionic surfactants are betaines such as N-alkyl-N,N-dimethylammonium glycinates, for example, cocoalkyl-dimethylammonium glycinate, N-acyl-aminopropyl-N,N-dimethylammonium glycinate, for example, coco-acylaminopropyl-dimethylammonium glycinate, and 2-alkyl-3-carboxymethyl-3-hydroxyethyl-imidazolines, each with 8 to 18 carbon atoms in the alkyl or acyl group as well as cocoacyl-aminoethylhydroxyethylcarboxymethyl glycinate. A preferred zwitterionic surfactant is the fatty acid amide derivative known under the INCI name Cocamidopropyl Betaine.
Ampholytes include such surface-active compounds having, apart from a C8-24 alkyl or acyl group, at least one free amino group and at least one —COOH or —SO3H group in the molecule and are able to form internal salts. Examples of suitable ampholytes are N-alkylglycines, N-alkyl propionic acids, N-alkylamino butyric acids, N-alkylimino dipropionic acids, N-hydroxyethyl-N-alkylamidopropylglycines, N-alkyltaurines, N-alkylsarcosines, 2-alkylamino propionic acids and alkylamino acetic acids, each with about 8 to 24 carbon atoms in the alkyl group. Particularly preferred ampholytes are N-cocoalkylamino propionate, cocoacylaminoethylamino propionate and C12-C18 acyl sarcosine.
The agents can also have at least one amphoteric polymer as the film-forming and/or setting polymer. These additional polymers differ from the previously defined polyamides (a) and the previously defined amphoteric polymers (b).
Film-forming polymers refer to those polymers that on drying leave a continuous film on the skin, hair or nails. These types of film-formers can be used in a wide variety of cosmetic products such as make up masks, make up, hair sets, hair sprays, hair gels, hair waxes, hair conditioners, shampoos or nail varnishes. Particularly preferred polymers are sufficiently soluble in alcohol or water/alcohol mixtures so that they are present in completely dissolved form in the agent. Film-forming polymers can be of synthetic or of natural origin.
According to the invention, film-forming polymers further refer to polymers that, when used in concentrations of 0.01 to 20 wt % in aqueous, alcoholic or aqueous alcoholic solution, are able to precipitate out a transparent polymer film on the hair.
Setting polymers contribute to the hold and/or creation of hair volume and hair body of the whole hairstyle. These polymers are also film-forming polymers at the same time and therefore in general are typical substances for styling hair treatment agents such as hair sets, hair foams, hair waxes, hair sprays. The film formation can be in completely selected areas and bond only some fibers together.
The curl-retention test is frequently used as a test method for the setting action.
In addition, the agent according to the invention can have at least one film-forming cationic and/or setting cationic polymer.
The additional film-forming cationic and/or setting cationic polymers preferably possess at least one structural unit having at least one permanently cationized nitrogen atom. Permanently cationized nitrogen atoms refer to those nitrogen atoms having a positive charge and thereby form a quaternary ammonium compound. Quaternary ammonium compounds are mostly produced by reacting tertiary amines with alkylating agents, for example, methyl chloride, benzyl chloride, dimethyl sulfate, dodecyl bromide, as well as ethylene oxide. Depending on the tertiary amine, the following groups are particularly well known: alkylammonium compounds, alkenylammonium compounds, imidazolinium compounds and pyridinium compounds.
The agent preferably has at least one film-forming and/or setting polymer that is preferably chosen from at least one polymer of non-ionic polymers, cationic polymers, amphoteric polymers, zwitterionic polymers and anionic polymers.
The agent preferably comprises the film-forming and/or setting polymers in an amount of 0.01 wt % to 20.0 wt %, particularly preferably 0.5 wt % to 15 wt %, and quite particularly preferably 2.0 wt % to 10.0 wt %, based on total weight of the agent. These quantitative data also apply for all subsequent preferred types of film-forming and/or setting polymers that can be used in the inventive agents. Should subsequently different preferred quantities be specified, then the latter are to be again taken as the preferred quantities.
Those agents according to the invention are particularly preferably suitable that have at least one film-forming and/or setting polymer chosen from at least one polymer of the group of
Preferred non-ionic polymers, based on ethylenically unsaturated monomers, which are suitable as additional film-forming and/or setting polymers are those non-ionic polymers having at least one of the following structural units
wherein
R is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group,
R′ is a hydrogen atom or a (C1 to C4) acyl group,
R″ and R″″ are, independently of one another, a (C1 to C7) alkyl group or a hydrogen atom
R″′ is a linear or branched (C1 to C4) alkyl group or a (C2 to C4) hydroxyalkyl group.
Suitable, non-ionic film-forming and/or non-ionic hair setting polymers are homopolymers or copolymers that are based on at least one of the following monomers: vinyl pyrrolidone, vinyl caprolactam, vinyl esters such as e.g. vinyl acetate, vinyl alcohol, acrylamide, methacrylamide, alkyl and dialkyl acrylamide, alkyl and dialkyl methacrylamide, alkyl acrylate, alkyl methacrylate, wherein each of the alkyl groups of these monomers are selected from (C1 to C3) alkyl groups.
For agents according to the invention, particularly suitable non-ionic polymers based on ethylenically unsaturated monomers have at least one of the following structural units
wherein R′ is a hydrogen atom or a (C1 to C30) acyl group, particularly a hydrogen atom or an acetyl group.
Homopolymers of vinyl caprolactam or of vinyl pyrrolidone (such as Luviskol® K 90 or Luviskol® K 85 from BASF SE), copolymers of vinyl pyrrolidone and vinyl acetate (such as are marketed under the trade names Luviskol® VA 37, Luviskol® VA 55, Luviskol® VA 64 and Luviskol® VA 73 by BASF SE), terpolymers of vinyl pyrrolidone, vinyl acetate and vinyl propionate, polyacrylamides (such as Akypomine® P 191 from CHEM-Y), polyvinyl alcohols (marketed, for example, under the trade names Elvanol® by Du Pont or Vinol® 523/540 by Air Products), terpolymers of vinyl pyrrolidone, methacrylamide and vinyl imidazole (such as Luviset® Clear from BASF SE) are particularly suitable.
Besides non-ionic polymers based on ethylenically unsaturated monomers, non-ionic cellulose derivatives are also suitable film-forming and/or setting polymers for the preferred achievement of the technical teaching. They are preferably chosen from methyl cellulose, and especially from cellulose ethers such as hydroxypropyl cellulose (e.g., hydroxypropyl cellulose with a molecular weight of 30,000 to 50,000 g/mol, marketed, for example, under the trade name Nisso SI® by Lehmann & Voss, Hamburg), hydroxyethyl celluloses, such as are marketed under the trade names Culminal® and Benecel® (AQUALON) and Natrosol® types (Hercules).
Cationic polymers refer to polymers that, in their main chain and/or side chain, possess groups that can be “temporarily” or “permanently” cationic. “Permanently cationic” according to the invention refers to those polymers having a cationic group, independently of the pH of the medium. These are generally polymers having a quaternary nitrogen atom in the form of an ammonium group, for example. Preferred cationic groups are quaternary ammonium groups. In particular, those polymers wherein the quaternary ammonium groups are bonded through a C1-4 hydrocarbon group to a polymer backbone formed from acrylic acid, methacrylic acid or their derivatives have proved to be particularly suitable.
An inventively preferred suitable cationic film-forming and/or cationic setting polymer is at least one cationic film-forming and/or cationic setting polymer having at least one structural element of Formula (M9) and additionally at least one structural element of Formula (M10)
wherein
R is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group,
R′, R″ and R′″ are, independently of one another, a (C1 to C30) alkyl group,
X is an oxygen atom or an NH group,
A is an ethane-1,2-diyl group or a propane-1,3-diyl group,
n is 1 or 3.
To compensate for the positive polymer charge, all possible physiologically acceptable anions can be used, such as chloride, bromide, hydrogen sulfate, methyl sulfate, ethyl sulfate, tetrafluoroborate, phosphate, hydrogen phosphate, dihydrogen phosphate or p-toluene sulfonate, triflate. Exemplary compounds of this type are
Furthermore, cationic film-forming and/or cationic setting polymers are inventively particularly preferably chosen from cationic, quaternized cellulose derivatives.
Moreover, cationic, quaternized cellulose derivatives are preferred suitable film-forming and/or setting polymers. Those cationic, quaternized celluloses having more than one permanent cationic charge in a side chain have proven to be particularly advantageous in the context of the invention. Among these cationic celluloses, once again those cationic celluloses with the INCI name Polyquaternium-4 are particularly suitable, marketed, for example, by the National Starch Company under the trade names Celquat® H 100, Celquat® L 200.
In the context of the invention, those cationic film-forming and/or cationic setting copolymers having at least one structural element of Formula (M11) additionally serve as the particularly preferred usable cationic polymers
wherein R″ is a (C1 to C4) alkyl group, especially a methyl group, and additionally has at least one other cationic and/or non-ionic structural element.
To compensate for the positive polymer charge, all possible physiologically acceptable anions may be used, such as for example chloride, bromide, hydrogen sulfate, methyl sulfate, ethyl sulfate, tetrafluoroborate, phosphate, hydrogen phosphate, dihydrogen phosphate or p-toluene sulfonate, triflate.
It is again inventively preferred when at least one copolymer (c1) that, in addition to at least one structural element of Formula (M11), further contains a structural element of Formula (M6), is present as the additional cationic film-forming and/or cationic setting polymer
wherein R″ is a (C1 to C4) alkyl group, particularly a methyl group.
To compensate for the positive polymer charge of the copolymer (c1), all possible physiologically acceptable anions may be used, such as for example chloride, bromide, hydrogen sulfate, methyl sulfate, ethyl sulfate, tetrafluoroborate, phosphate, hydrogen phosphate, dihydrogen phosphate or p-toluene sulfonate, triflate. Cationic film-forming and/or cationic setting polymers that are quite particularly preferred as the copolymers (c1) comprise 10 to 30 mol %, preferably 15 to 25 mol % and particularly 20 mol % of structural units in accordance with Formula (M11) and 70 to 90 mol %, preferably 75 to 85 mol % and particularly 80 mol % of structural units in accordance with Formula (M6).
In this regard, it is particularly preferred when copolymers (c1) comprise, in addition to polymer units resulting from the incorporation of the cited structural units according to Formula (M11) and (M6) into the copolymer, maximum 5 wt %, preferably maximum 1 wt % of polymer units that trace back to the incorporation of other monomers. Copolymers (c1) are preferably exclusively constructed of structural units of Formula (M11) with R″=methyl and (M6).
Particularly preferred inventive compositions comprise a copolymer (c1) that has molecular masses within a defined range. Here, inventive agents are preferred wherein the molecular mass of copolymer (c1) is from 50 to 400 kDa, preferably from 100 to 300 kDa, more preferably from 150 to 250 kDa and particularly from 190 to 210 kDa.
In addition to copolymer(s) (c1) or instead of it or them, the inventive agents can also comprise copolymers (c2) that starting from copolymer (c1) have structural units of Formula (M7) as the additional structural units
Further particularly preferred agents according to the invention are accordingly those having as the cationic film-forming and/or cationic setting polymer at least one copolymer (c2) having at least one structural unit according to Formula (M11-a), at least one structural unit according to Formula (M6), and at least one structural unit according to Formula (M7)
Also in this regard it is particularly preferred when copolymers (c2) comprise, in addition to polymer units resulting from the incorporation of the cited structural units according to Formula (M11-a), (M6) and (M7) into the copolymer, maximum 5 wt %, preferably maximum 1 wt % of polymer units that trace back to the incorporation of other monomers. Copolymers (c2) are preferably exclusively constructed from structural units of Formulas (M11-a), (M6) and (M7).
To compensate for the positive polymer charge of component (c2), all possible physiologically acceptable anions can be used, such as chloride, bromide, hydrogen sulfate, methyl sulfate, ethyl sulfate, tetrafluoroborate, phosphate, hydrogen phosphate, dihydrogen phosphate or p-toluene sulfonate, triflate. Quite particularly preferred copolymers (c2) comprise 1 to 20 mol %, preferably 5 to 15 mol % and particularly 10 mol % of structural units according to Formula (M11-a) and 30 to 50 mol %, preferably 35 to 45 mol % and particularly 40 mol % of structural units according to Formula (M6) and 40 to 60 mol %, preferably 45 to 55 mol % and particularly 60 mol % of structural units according to Formula (M7).
Particularly preferred inventive agents comprise a copolymer (c2) having molecular masses within a defined range. Here, inventive agents are preferred wherein the molecular mass of copolymer (c2) is from 100 to 1000 kDa, preferably from 250 to 900 kDa, more preferably from 500 to 850 kDa and particularly from 650 to 710 kDa.
In addition to copolymer(s) (c1) and/or (c2) or in its or their place, agents according to the invention can also comprise copolymers (c3) as the film-forming cationic and/or setting cationic polymer having as the structural units those of Formulas (M11-a) and (M6), as well as additional structural units from the group of vinyl imidazole units and further structural units from the group of acrylamide and/or methacrylamide units.
Further particularly preferred agents according to the invention comprise as additional cationic film-forming and/or cationic setting polymer at least one copolymer (c3) having at least one structural unit according to Formula (M11-a), at least one structural unit according to Formula (M6), at least one structural unit according to Formula (M10), and at least one structural unit according to Formula (M12)
Also, it is particularly preferred when copolymers (c3) comprise, in addition to polymer units resulting from the incorporation of the cited structural units according to Formula (M11-a), (M6), (M8) and (M12) into the copolymer, maximum 5 wt %, preferably maximum 1 wt % of polymer units that trace back to the incorporation of other monomers. Copolymers (c2) are preferably exclusively constructed from structural units of Formulas (M11-a), (M6), (M8) and (M12).
To compensate for the positive polymer charge of component (c3), all possible physiologically acceptable anions can be used, such as chloride, bromide, hydrogen sulfate, methyl sulfate, ethyl sulfate, tetrafluoroborate, phosphate, hydrogen phosphate, dihydrogen phosphate or p-toluene sulfonate, triflate. Quite particularly preferred copolymers (c3) comprise 1 to 12 mol %, preferably 3 to 9 mol % and particularly 6 mol % of structural units according to Formula (M11-a) and 45 to 65 mol %, preferably 50 to 60 mol % and particularly 55 mol % of structural units according to Formula (M6) and 1 to 20 mol %, preferably 5 to 15 mol % and particularly 10 mol % of structural units according to Formula (M8) and 20 to 40 mol %, preferably 25 to 35 mol % and particularly 29 mol % of structural units according to Formula (M12).
Particularly preferred inventive agents comprise a copolymer (c3) having molecular masses within a defined range. Here, inventive agents are preferred wherein the molecular mass of copolymer (c3) is from 100 to 500 kDa, preferably from 150 to 400 kDa, more preferably from 250 to 350 kDa and particularly from 290 to 310 kDa.
Preferred additional film-forming cationic and/or setting polymers chosen from cationic polymers with at least one structural element of the above Formula (M11-a) include:
Further preferred cationic polymers that can be used in the inventive agents are “temporarily cationic” polymers. These polymers usually have an amino group that is present at specific pH values as a quaternary ammonium group and is thus cationic.
These polymers include, for example, chitosan. In the context of the present invention, chitosan and/or chitosan derivatives are considered as quite particularly preferred suitable film-forming and/or setting polymers. Chitosans are biopolymers and are considered to be in the group of the hydrocolloids. From the chemical point of view, they are partially deacetylated chitins of different molecular weight. Chitosan is manufactured from chitin, preferably from the remains of crustacean shells, which are available in large quantities as a cheap raw material.
In the scope of the invention, in addition to chitosans as typical cationic biopolymers, cationically derivatized chitosans can also be considered (e.g., quaternized products) or alkoxylated chitosans.
Inventively preferred agents comprise neutralization products of chitosan neutralized with at least one acid chosen from lactic acid, pyrrolidone carboxylic acid, nicotinic acid, hydroxy-iso-butyric acid, hydroxy-iso-valeric acid, or contain mixtures of these neutralization products as the chitosan derivative(s). Exemplary suitable chitosan (derivatives) are freely available on the market under the trade names Hydagen® CMF (1 wt % active substance in aqueous solution with 0.4 wt % glycolic acid, molecular weight 500,000 to 5,000,000 g/mol Cognis), Hydagen® HCMF (chitosan (80% deacetylated), molecular weight 50,000 to 1,000,000 g/mol, Cognis), Kytamer® PC (80 wt % active substance of chitosan pyrrolidone carboxylate (INCI name: Chitosan PCA), Amerchol) and Chitolam® NB/101.
Agents according to the invention preferably comprise chitosan or its derivatives in an amount of 0.01 wt % to 20.0 wt %, more preferably 0.01 wt % to 10.0 wt %, and quite preferably 0.1 wt % to 1 wt %, based on total weight of the agent.
In the context of the invention, preferred suitable temporarily cationic polymers are likewise those having at least one structural unit of Formulas (M1-1) to (M1-8)
In this regard, those copolymers are again preferred that have at least one structural unit of Formulae (M1-1) to (M1-8) as well as at least one structural unit of Formula (M10),
wherein n is 1 or 3.
Here again, the polymers—
Agents according to the invention can also have at least one amphoteric polymer as the film-forming and/or setting polymer. The term amphopolymers includes not only those polymers whose molecule includes both free amino groups and free —COOH or SO3H groups and which are capable of forming inner salts, but also zwitterionic polymers whose molecule has quaternary ammonium groups and —COO− or —SO3− groups, and polymers comprising —COOH or SO3H groups and quaternary ammonium groups.
An example of an inventively employable amphopolymer is the acrylic resin available under the name Amphomer® that is a copolymer of tert-butylaminoethyl methacrylate, N-(1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl)acrylamide as well as two or more monomers from the group acrylic acid, methacrylic acid and their (C1-C3) alkyl esters.
The agents preferably contain additional amphoteric polymers in amounts of 0.01 to 20 wt %, more preferably 0.05 to 10 wt %, based on total agent. Quantities of 0.1 to 5.0 wt % are quite particularly preferred.
Furthermore, at least one anionic film-forming and/or anionic setting polymer can be used as the film-forming and/or setting polymers.
Anionic polymers concern anionic polymers having carboxylate and/or sulfonate groups. Exemplary anionic monomers from which such polymers can be made are acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, crotonic acid, maleic anhydride and 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid. Here, the acidic groups may be fully or partially present as sodium, potassium, ammonium, mono- or triethanolammonium salts.
Within this embodiment, it can be preferred to use copolymers of at least one anionic monomer and at least one non-ionic monomer. Regarding the anionic monomers, reference is made to the abovementioned substances. Preferred non-ionic monomers are acrylamide, methacrylamide, acrylic acid esters, methacrylic acid esters, vinyl pyrrolidone, vinyl ethers and vinyl esters.
Preferred anionic copolymers are acrylic acid-acrylamide copolymers, particularly polyacrylamide copolymers with monomers having sulfonic acid groups. A particularly preferred anionic copolymer consists of 70 to 55 mole % acrylamide and 30 to 45 mole % 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid, wherein the sulfonic acid group may be fully or partially present as the sodium, potassium, ammonium, mono or triethanolammonium salt. This copolymer can also be crosslinked, wherein the preferred crosslinking agents include polyolefinically unsaturated compounds such as tetraallyloxyethane, allyl sucrose, allyl pentaerythritol and methylene bisacrylamide. Such a polymer is found in the commercial product Sepigel®305 from the SEPPIC Company. Use of this compound, which comprises a mixture of hydrocarbons (C13-C14 isoparaffins) and a non-ionic emulsifier (Laureth-7) besides the polymer components, has proved to be particularly advantageous in the context of the inventive teaching.
Sodium acryloyl dimethyl taurate copolymers commercialized as a compound with isohexadecane and polysorbate 80 under the trade name Simulgel®600 have also proven to be particularly effective according to the invention.
Likewise preferred anionic homopolymers are uncrosslinked and crosslinked polyacrylic acids. Here, preferred crosslinking agents can be allyl ethers of pentaerythritol, sucrose and propylene. Such compounds are commercially available, for example, under the trade name Carbopol®.
Further preferred employable anionic polymers are chosen from:
In the case where particularly strong acting thickening anionic polymers are used, then in the context of a preferred embodiment, care should be taken that the previously cited preferred viscosity criterion of the agent according to the invention is adhered to.
Copolymers of maleic anhydride and methyl vinyl ether, especially those with crosslinks are also color-conserving polymers. A maleic acid-methyl vinyl ether copolymer crosslinked with 1,9-decadiene is commercially available under the trade name Stabileze® QM.
Agents according to the invention can additionally comprise auxiliaries and additives typically incorporated into conventional styling agents.
In particular, additional care products may be mentioned as suitable auxiliaries and additives.
The agent can comprise, for example, at least one protein hydrolyzate and/or one of its derivatives as a care substance.
Protein hydrolyzates are product mixtures obtained by acid-, base- or enzyme-catalyzed degradation of proteins (albumins). According to the invention, “protein hydrolyzates” refers to total hydrolyzates as well as individual amino acids and their derivatives as well as mixtures of different amino acids. Furthermore, according to the invention, polymers built up from amino acids and amino acid derivatives are included in the term protein hydrolyzates. The latter include, for example, polyalanine, polyasparagine, polyserine, etc. Additional examples of usable compounds according to the invention are L-alanyl-L-proline, polyglycine, glycyl-L-glutamine or D/L-methionine-S-methylsulfonium chloride. Of course, β-amino acids and their derivatives, like β-alanine, anthranilic acid or hippuric acid, can also be inventively added. The molecular weight of protein hydrolyzates utilizable according to the invention ranges from 75, the molecular weight of glycine, to 200,000, preferably the molecular weight is 75 to 50,000 and quite particularly preferably 75 to 20,000 Dalton.
According to the invention, the added protein hydrolyzates can be vegetal as well as animal or marine or synthetic origin. Animal protein hydrolyzates include protein hydrolyzates of elastin, collagen, keratin, silk and milk albumin, which can also be present in the form of their salts. Such products are marketed, for example, under the trade names Dehylan® (Cognis), Promois® (Interorgana), Collapuron® (Cognis), Nutrilan® (Cognis), Gelita-Sol® (Deutsche Gelatine Fabriken Stoess & Co), Lexein® (Inolex), Sericin (Pentapharm) and Kerasol® (Croda). The use of silk protein hydrolyzates is particularly interesting. Silk is understood to mean the fibers from the cocoon of the mulberry silk spinner (Bombyx mori L.). The raw silk fibers consist of a double stranded fibroin. Sericin is the intercellular cement that holds these double strands together. Silk consists of 70-80 wt % fibroin, 19-28 wt % sericin, 0.5-1 wt % fat and 0.5-1 wt % colorants and mineral constituents. Protein hydrolyzates of vegetal origin (e.g., soya-, almond-, pea-, potato- and wheat protein hydrolyzates) are available, for example, under the trade names Gluadin® (Cognis), DiaMin® (Diamalt), Lexein® (Inolex), Hydrosoy® (Croda), Hydrolupin® (Croda), Hydrosesame® (Croda), Hydrotritium® (Croda) and Crotein® (Croda).
Agents according to the invention comprise protein hydrolyzates, for example, in concentrations of 0.01 wt % to 20 wt %, preferably 0.05 wt % up to 15 wt % and quite particularly preferably in amounts of 0.05 wt % up to 5.0 wt %, based on total end-use preparation.
The agent can further include at least one vitamin, one provitamin, one vitamin precursor and/or one of their derivatives as the care substance.
According to the invention, such vitamins, provitamins and vitamin precursors are preferred which are normally classified in the groups A, B, C, E, F and H. The agents preferably comprise vitamins, provitamins and vitamin precursors from groups A, B, C, E and H.
Panthenol, pantolactone, pyridoxine and its derivatives as well as nicotinamide and biotin are especially preferred.
D-panthenol is quite particularly preferably employed as a care substance, optionally in combination with at least one of the abovementioned silicone derivatives. Like the addition of glycerin and/or propylene glycol, the addition of panthenol increases the flexibility of the polymer film that is formed when the agent is used. Thus, if a particularly flexible hold is desired, then the agents can comprise panthenol instead of or in addition to glycerin and/or propylene glycol. In a preferred embodiment, the agents comprise panthenol, preferably in a quantity of 0.05 to 10 wt %, particularly preferably 0.1 to 5 wt %, based on total agent.
Agents according to the invention can further comprise at least one plant extract as a care substance.
According to the invention, mainly extracts from green tea, oak bark, stinging nettle, hamamelis, hops, henna, camomile, burdock root, field horsetail, hawthorn, linden flowers, almonds, aloe vera, spruce needles, horse chestnut, sandal wood, juniper, coconut, mango, apricot, lime, wheat, kiwi, melon, orange, grapefruit, sage, rosemary, birch, malva, lady's smock, common yarrow, thyme, lemon balm, rest-harrow, coltsfoot, marshmallow (althaea), meristem, ginseng and ginger are preferred. The extraction composition used to prepare the cited plant extracts can be water, alcohols as well as their mixtures. Exemplary preferred alcohols are lower alcohols such as ethanol and isopropanol, particularly polyhydric alcohols such as ethylene glycol, propylene glycol and butylene glycol, both as the sole extraction agent as well as in aqueous mixtures. Plant extracts based on water/propylene glycol in the ratio 1:10 to 10:1 have proven to be particularly suitable. It is inventively possible in the context of the defined water quantity to add aqueous vegetal extracts. However, this is not inventively preferred.
According to the invention, the plant extracts can be used in pure as well as in diluted form. When they are used in diluted form, they normally comprise about 2-80% by weight active substance and the solvent is the extraction agent or mixture of extraction agents used for their extraction. In addition, it can be preferred to employ mixtures of a plurality, particularly two different plant extracts in the agents.
Compositions according to the invention preferably comprise these conditioners in amounts of 0.001 to 2, particularly 0.01 to 0.5 wt %, based on total preparation.
Mono- or oligosaccharides can also be incorporated as the care substance into the agents according to the invention.
Both monosaccharides and oligosaccharides, such as raw sugar, lactose and raffinose, can be incorporated. According to the invention, use of monosaccharides is preferred. Once again, the monosaccharides preferably include those compounds having 5 or 6 carbon atoms.
Suitable pentoses and hexoses are for example ribose, arabinose, xylose, lyxose, allose, altrose, glucose, mannose, gulose, idose, galactose, talose, fucose and fructose. Arabinose, glucose, galactose and fructose are the preferred incorporated carbohydrates; glucose is quite particularly preferably incorporated, and is suitable both in the D(+) or L(−) configuration or as the racemate.
In addition, derivatives of these pentoses and hexoses can also be incorporated according to the invention, such as the corresponding onic and uronic acids, sugar alcohols, and glycosides. Preferred sugar acids are the gluconic acid, the glucuronic acid, the sugar acids, the mannosugar acids and the mucic acids. Preferred sugar alcohols are sorbitol, mannitol and dulcitol. Preferred glycosides are the methyl glucosides.
As the added mono- or oligosaccharides are usually extracted from natural raw materials such as starch, they generally possess the configurations of these raw materials (e.g., D-glucose, D-fructose and D-galactose).
The inventive agents preferably comprise the mono or oligosaccharides in an amount of 0.1 to 8 wt %, particularly preferably 1 to 5 wt %, based on the total end-use preparation.
Although each of the cited care substances by themselves already provide an adequate result, in the context of the present invention all embodiments are included, in which the agent comprises a plurality of care substances even from various groups.
With the addition of a UV filter, both the agent itself and the treated fibers can be protected against damage from UV radiation. Consequently, at least one UV filter is preferably added to the agent. Suitable UV filters are not generally limited in regard to their structure and their physical properties. Indeed, all UV filters that can be employed in the cosmetic field having an absorption maximum in the UVA (315-400 nm), in the UVB (280-315 nm) or in the UVC (<280 nm) regions are suitable. UV filters having an absorption maximum in the UVB region, especially in the range from about 280 to about 300 nm, are particularly preferred.
Inventively preferred UV-filters are chosen, for example, from substituted benzophenones, p-aminobenzoates, diphenylacrylates, cinnamates, salicylates, benzimidazoles and o-aminobenzoates.
Those UV filters with a molecular extinction coefficient at the absorption maximum of above 15 000, particularly above 20 000, are preferred.
Moreover, it was found that for structurally similar UV filters, in many cases the water-insoluble compound exhibits a higher activity than that of water-soluble compounds that differ from them by one or a plurality of additional ionic groups. In the context of the invention, water-insoluble UV filters refer to those that dissolve not more than 1 wt %, especially not more than 0.1 wt % in water at 20° C. In addition, these compounds should be soluble to at least 0.1, especially to at least 1.0 wt % in conventional cosmetic oil components at room temperature. Accordingly, use of water-insoluble UV filters can be inventively preferred.
The agent usually comprises UV filters in amounts of 0.01 to 5 wt %, based on total end-use preparation. Quantities of 0.1-2.5 wt % are preferred.
In a particular embodiment, the agent further comprises one or more substantive dyes. Application of the agent then enables the treated keratinic fiber not only to be temporarily styled, but also to be dyed at the same time. This can be particularly desirable when only a temporary dyeing is desired, for example, with flamboyant fashion colors that can be subsequently removed from the keratinic fibers by simply washing them out.
Inventive agents according to this embodiment comprise substantive dyes preferably in an amount of 0.001 to 20 wt %, based on total agent.
It is inventively preferred that agents according to the invention are exempt from oxidation dye precursors. Oxidation dye precursors are divided into developer components and coupler components. Under the influence of oxidizing agents or from atmospheric oxygen, the developer components form the actual colorants among each other or by coupling with one or more coupler components.
In addition to the cited components, the compositions can furthermore comprise all active substances, additives and auxiliaries known for such preparations.
Formulation of the inventive agents can be in all usual forms for styling agents, for example, in the form of gels, creams, solutions that can be applied as a lotion or pump spray or aerosol spray onto the hair, or other preparations suitable for application on the hair.
The inventive agents are preferably made up as a pump spray, aerosol spray, pump foam or aerosol foam. For this, agents according to the invention are packed in a dispensing device comprising either a pressurized gas container additionally containing a propellant (“aerosol container”) or by a non-aerosol container.
Pressurized gas containers by which a product is dispersed through a valve by the internal gas pressure in the container are defined as “aerosol containers”. The opposite of the aerosol definition, a container under normal pressure, is defined as a “non-aerosol container”, from which a product is dispersed by the mechanical actuation of a pump system.
Agents according to the invention are particularly preferably packed as an aerosol hair foam or aerosol hair spray. Consequently, the agent additionally comprises at least one propellant. Inventive agents in the form of an aerosol product can be manufactured by known methods. Generally, all ingredients of the agent except the propellant are charged into a suitable pressure-resistant container. This is then sealed with a valve. The desired quantity of propellant is then filled using conventional techniques. Inventively suitable propellants include N2O, dimethyl ether, CO2, air, alkanes containing 3 to 5 carbon atoms, such as propane, n-butane, iso-butane, n-pentane and iso-pentane, and their mixtures. Dimethyl ether, propane, n-butane, iso-butane and their mixtures are preferred. According to a preferred embodiment, the cited alkanes, mixtures of the cited alkanes or mixtures of the cited alkanes with dimethyl ether are preferred as the sole propellant. However, the invention also explicitly includes joint utilization with propellants of the fluorochlorohydrocarbon type, especially fluorinated hydrocarbons.
Inventive agents in the form of an aerosol pray preferably contain propellant in an amount of 30 to 60 wt %, based on weight of the whole agent.
Mixtures of propane and butane are quite particularly preferably used in the weight ratio propane to butane of 20 to 80 to 15 to 85 as the sole propellant. These mixtures are again preferably incorporated in compositions according to the invention in amounts of 30 to 55 wt %, based on total weight of the composition. According to the invention, butane refers to n-butane, iso-butane and mixtures of n-butane and iso-butane.
As aerosol foam, inventively suitable propellants are chosen from N2O, dimethyl ether, CO2, air, alkanes containing 3 to 5 carbon atoms, such as propane, n-butane, iso-butane, n-pentane and iso-pentane, and their mixtures. In the aerosol foam embodiment, the cited alkanes, mixtures of the cited alkanes or mixtures of the cited alkanes with dimethyl ether are employed as the sole propellant. However, the invention also expressly includes joint utilization with propellants of the fluorochlorohydrocarbon type, especially fluorinated hydrocarbons.
Regarding the weight ratio of propellant to the usual ingredients of the preparation, the size of the aerosol droplets or foam bubbles and the relevant size distribution can be adjusted for a given spray device.
When a conventional aerosol device is used, aerosol foam products preferably comprise propellant in amounts of 1 to 35 wt %, based on total product. Quantities of 2 to 30 wt %, especially 3 to 15 wt %, are particularly preferred.
Agents in the form of gels are foamed in a two-chamber aerosol container, preferably with isopentane as the propellant, which is incorporated into the agent and packed in the first chamber of the two-chamber aerosol container. At least one additional propellant different from isopentane is packed in the second chamber of the two-chamber aerosol container and generates a higher pressure than the isopentane. The propellants of the second chamber are preferably chosen from N2O, dimethyl ether, CO2, air, alkanes containing 3 or 4 carbon atoms (such as propane, n-butane, iso-butane), as well as mixtures thereof.
Addition of the previously cited additional preferred constituents and the added quantities or added quantity ratios characterized as preferred (see above) are of course preferred in the context of this embodiment.
Agents according to the invention and products containing these agents, especially aerosol hair foams and aerosol hair sprays, lend a strong hold and volume to the treated hair.
A second subject matter of the invention is the use of a cosmetic agent comprising at least one polyamide that is a reaction product of at least one dimerized fatty acid and at least one diamino compound for the reduction of frizzy, unmanageable hair.
In this regard, preferred dimerized fatty acids used for preparing the polyamide apply mutatis mutandis as preferred. In this regard, preferred diamino compounds used for preparing the polyamide apply mutatis mutandis as preferred.
The inventive agents of the first subject matter of the invention are particularly preferred. In this regard, the embodiments of the first subject matter of the invention characterized as preferred apply mutatis mutandis.
A third subject matter of the invention is a method for shaping hair, wherein a cosmetic agent of the first subject matter of the invention is applied onto the hair having parts of unmanageable and frizzy hair and the hair is styled before or during application. Here, those embodiments of the first subject matter of the invention characterized as preferred apply mutatis mutandis.
It is inventively preferred to shape the hair and to fix this shape using the stated cosmetic agent.
Furthermore, it is preferred once the stated cosmetic has been applied on the hair to leave it there (i.e., not to rinse it out again).
The abovementioned dispensing devices or aerosol products (see above) are inventively preferred application aids.
The following examples are intended to illustrate the subject matter of the present invention in more detail, without limiting it in any way.
Unless otherwise stated, the quantities are in weight percent of active substance.
The following compositions were prepared:
For the treatment, pre-damaged strands (Euro-Naturhaar from the Kerling Company, glued hair weft, dense, glued on one side, total length 150 mm, free length 130 mm (Lmax), width 10 mm, weight 0.9±0.1 g) washed with a 12.5 wt % conc. sodium laureth sulfate solution were used. The strands of hair were dried overnight in a drying oven at 318° K. This procedure was repeated 5 times. The resulting hair had visible parts of unmanageable and frizzy hair.
The compositions (0.18 g) were each applied onto a strand of hair and massaged in. The strands were then wrapped onto a winder (Ø9 mm) and dried overnight at room temperature.
Five (5) test strands per composition were treated in the same way and measured as follows.
The winders were carefully removed and the strands were suspended. The lengths of the strands were each measured (L0) and the strands were placed into a climate chamber. They were stored therein at 294° K and a relative humidity of 85% for a period of six (6) hours.
The degree of frizz after the six hour climatization was assessed visually by the technician according to a rating system from 1 to 3:1=excellent frizz reduction, frizz imperceptible or almost imperceptible, 2=reduced frizz, but still clearly perceptible, 3=frizz hardly reduced and troublesome.
Finally, the degree of straightening and the permanency of the straightening were calculated as follows and summarized in Table 1.
Degree of straightening in %=100−(100·90 mm/L0)
All inventive compositions E1 to E8 produced an improved straightening and excellent reduction of frizz compared to the placebo V1. Use of agents E1 to E8 afforded the hair their natural gloss without any greasy effect.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 10 2009 045 841.7 | Oct 2009 | DE | national |
The present application is a continuation of International Application No. PCT/EP2010/064545 filed 30 Sep. 2010, which claims priority to German Patent Application No. 10 2009 045 841.7 filed 20 Oct. 2009, both of which are incorporated herein by reference.
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Parent | PCT/EP2010/064545 | Sep 2010 | US |
| Child | 13451646 | US |
