Patent Application
20200024111
The present invention relates to a locking device for a crane telescope, for example a telescopic jib or a telescopic tower of a mobile crane, by means of which the individual telescopic sections can be releasably locked to each other and, for the purpose of telescoping, to a telescoping cylinder of the crane telescope. Such locking devices are also referred to as a locking head if they are arranged in their entirety at the movable end of the telescoping cylinder.
The locking mechanisms of known telescoping systems, such as are described for example in EP 0 943 580 B1, are hydraulically supplied with the hydraulic fluid, necessary to activate it, via an inner passage through the telescoping cylinder. More recent solutions at least partially omit the supply by means of such a passage and instead retrieve the necessary hydraulic fluid from a cylinder space in the telescoping cylinder. In such solutions, however, the valves necessary for this purpose and other control units of the locking mechanism are no longer accessible in most operational positions, once installed. This means that in the event of disruption, such as a failure of the control electronics or other electrical components of the locking mechanism, it is no longer possible to activate the cylinder lock. If the crane telescope, such as the telescopic jib, is also in an unfavourable position, then recovery will entail significant effort.
It is the object of the present invention to remedy this problem and to enable the cylinder lock to be released even when the control electronics fail.
This object is solved by the subject-matter of independent patent claim 1, wherein the sub-claims define preferred embodiments of the present invention.
The crane telescope locking device in accordance with the present invention comprises:
In other words, the locking device in accordance with the invention which can for example be used in a telescopic jib or a telescopic tower of a mobile crane comprises at least one and in particular two hydraulic cylinders which is/are assigned to a cylinder lock. In addition to the cylinder lock, the locking device in accordance with the invention can also comprise a telescopic section lock which co-operates for example with the cylinder lock, i.e. is actuated together with the cylinder lock, or else acts separately from the cylinder lock and is also separately actuated. A telescopic section lock can likewise comprise at least one and in particular two hydraulic cylinders in order to activate the lock between two telescopic sections of the crane telescope. The control device can accordingly also be responsible for supplying the at least one telescopic section lock hydraulic cylinder and can be hydraulically in contact with both the telescoping cylinder of the crane telescope and the at least one telescopic section lock hydraulic cylinder for this purpose. While individual telescopic sections can be locked to each other in an axial position with respect to each other and also unlocked from each other again by means of the telescopic section lock, it is the function of a cylinder lock to lock the telescoping cylinder of the crane telescope to the respective telescopic section and also unlock it again for the purpose of extending the individual telescopic sections and also retracting them again. In order to activate these hydraulic cylinders, the locking device comprises a hydraulic control device which retrieves the hydraulic fluid, necessary for activating, from a cylinder space in the telescoping cylinder, feeds it to the hydraulic cylinders in a desired way, and also feeds it back from the hydraulic cylinders into the telescoping cylinder.
In order to overcome the problems mentioned above, the control device comprises a valve which when activated, i.e. including when the control electronics or actuator are intact, closes a hydraulic connection between the retrieval point on the telescoping cylinder and the hydraulic cylinder(s) of the cylinder lock. When the control electronics or actuator are broken, this valve automatically reverts to its non-activated base position, so to speak, and thus opens said connection. Since the hydraulic cylinder(s) of the cylinder lock is/are then connected to a cylinder space in the telescoping cylinder, the cylinder lock can be released and/or unlocked by pressurising the hydraulic cylinder(s) of the cylinder lock together with the corresponding cylinder space in the telescoping cylinder.
The invention accordingly provides an emergency operating mode for the cylinder lock which is initiated fully automatically, so to speak, by the control electronics or actuator failing and the valve consequently reverting to its open resting position.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the control device comprises a return line via which hydraulic fluid can be fed back from the telescopic section lock hydraulic cylinders and/or the cylinder lock hydraulic cylinders into the cylinder space in the telescoping cylinder, wherein the valve opens the return line in a direction opposite to the feedback.
In other words, the return line which is embodied to feed the hydraulic fluid back into the telescoping cylinder is used, in the emergency operating mode, to move hydraulic fluid in the opposite direction from the telescoping cylinder into the hydraulic cylinder of the cylinder lock, in order to ultimately release the cylinder lock. This is however only possible once the valve is in its open resting position.
In a more specific embodiment, the return line comprises at least one closing valve and a bypass which bypasses the at least one closing valve and which is opened by the valve which is opened in its inactivated resting state.
While it is the function of the at least one closing valve to enable the hydraulic fluid to be fed from the hydraulic cylinders of the cylinder lock or telescopic section lock back into the telescoping cylinder, but to prevent a backflow of the hydraulic fluid, the bypass overrides the at least one closing valve, so to speak, as soon as it is opened by the valve reverting to its resting state, and enables the hydraulic fluid to flow from the telescoping cylinder to the hydraulic cylinder of the cylinder lock via the return line.
The return line, in particular the bypass, can also comprise—in addition to the valve—an additional pressure sequence valve which only opens the return line in the opposite direction and/or opens the bypass above a defined pressure.
This means that the process of unlocking the cylinder lock is only triggered when a particular pressure in the telescoping cylinder is exceeded. In the event of damage, the cylinder lock can thus be activated by a high pressure in the telescoping cylinder. At a lower pressure in the telescoping cylinder, the latter can perform its actual function of telescoping. The locking device can thus be moved to a position which is favourable for inspection or repair.
In another embodiment, the return line comprises a pressure reservoir, in particular a low-pressure reservoir, which receives the hydraulic fluid from the telescopic section lock hydraulic cylinder and/or the cylinder lock hydraulic cylinder before it is fed back into the telescoping cylinder.
This pressure reservoir thus serves as an intermediate reservoir for the hydraulic fluid to be fed back, which in particular operating states of the telescoping cylinder and the associated pressure conditions can be fed back into the telescoping cylinder only later.
The control device can also comprise a feed line, in particular one which is separated from the return line, via which the hydraulic fluid is fed from the telescoping cylinder to the telescopic section lock hydraulic cylinder and/or cylinder lock hydraulic cylinder. During normal operation, the hydraulic cylinders of the locking device are thus supplied exclusively via the feed line, while the return line serves exclusively to feed the hydraulic fluid back towards the telescoping cylinder.
The feed line can then specifically comprise a pressure reservoir, in particular a high-pressure reservoir, which receives the hydraulic fluid from the telescoping cylinder before it is fed to the telescopic section lock hydraulic cylinder and/or cylinder lock hydraulic cylinder, wherein the high-pressure reservoir is filled with hydraulic fluid, as soon as high pressure prevails in the telescoping cylinder, and can discharge this pressurised hydraulic fluid to the hydraulic cylinder(s) of the cylinder lock or telescopic section lock in order to activate it.
While the solution in accordance with the invention as described above can be used in any crane telescopes which are activated by means of telescoping cylinders, it is in particular designed to be used in a telescopic jib or telescopic tower of a crane and in particular in mobile cranes.
Another aspect of the present invention relates to a telescoping cylinder of a crane, in particular for telescoping a jib or tower, comprising: a first cylinder part which comprises a fastening portion embodied to fasten the telescoping cylinder to a base of a crane telescope; and a second cylinder part which can be moved relative to the first cylinder part and which comprises a crane telescope locking device in one of the embodiments described above.
The locking device in accordance with the invention can thus be moved together with the moving cylinder part of the telescoping cylinder within the crane telescope, in particular to an inspection or repair position.
The control device can also be in fluidic contact with the piston-rod-end annular space of the telescoping cylinder. If it is the piston rod of the telescoping cylinder which is connected stationarily to the base section of the crane telescope, the piston-rod-end annular space of the telescoping cylinder is pressurised when the cylinder lock is unlocked in the emergency operating mode, such that once it is unlocked, the telescoping cylinder is moved into an inspection or repair position.
In the following, a preferred embodiment of the present invention is explained in more detail with the aid of the enclosed figure. It can comprise any of the features described here, individually and in any expedient combination.
The control device 8 designed to activate the hydraulic cylinders 5 and 7 is hydraulically connected both to the hydraulic cylinders 5 and 7 and to the piston-rod-end annular space 20 of the telescoping cylinder 6 and retrieves the hydraulic fluid necessary for activating the hydraulic cylinders 5 and 7 from the annular space 20 and also feeds it back there again.
Given a sufficiently high pressure in the annular space 20, hydraulic fluid is moved into the high-pressure reservoir 16 via the feed line 15, while the return line 10 together with the bypass 12 is closed to the hydraulic fluid coming from the annular space 20 by means of the closing valves 11 and the valve 9 which is always closed during normal operation.
In order to activate the hydraulic cylinders 5 and 7, the hydraulic fluid is retrieved from the high-pressure reservoir 16 and channelled in a desired way to the cylinder space of the hydraulic cylinder 5 and/or 7 via the two correspondingly switched two-way valves 21 and 22. It should be noted at this juncture that the two-way valves 21 and 22 connect the cylinder space of the hydraulic cylinder 7 to the return line 10 in the inactivated resting state, i.e. including when the control electronics or actuator have failed or are broken.
As soon as hydraulic fluid is to be discharged from the cylinder spaces of the hydraulic cylinders 5 or 7, it is channelled into the return line 10 via the correspondingly switched two-way valves 21 and 22 and into the annular space 20 via the closing valves 11 which open in this direction, wherein the bypass 12 is in turn closed by the valve 9. The same applies to the feed line 15 which comprises a closing valve (not indicated) which closes in the direction of the annular space 20.
If the control electronics or actuator for the control device 8 and its valves 9, 21, 22 fail, said valves assume their inactivated resting position, wherein the valves 21 and 22 connect the cylinder space of the hydraulic cylinder 7 to the return line 10, and the valve 9 opens the bypass 12. If, at the time of the damage, the moving cylinder part 19 is coupled to one of the telescopic sections 1 and 2 via the hydraulic cylinder 7 and is also in a position in which access to the control device 8 situated on the moving cylinder part 19 is not possible, the cylinder space of the hydraulic cylinder 7 can be pressurised and the cylinder lock released by pressurising the annular space 20 which is hydraulically connected to the hydraulic cylinder 7 when the valves 9, 21 and 22 are in the “emergency operating mode” position shown in
In the scenario shown, the cylinder lock and thus the coupling between the moving cylinder part 19 of the telescoping cylinder 6 and one of the telescopic sections 1, 2 is released by pressurising the annular space 20, whereupon the telescoping cylinder 6 is retracted to an inspection or repair position.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 102018117630.9 | Jul 2018 | DE | national |
