Crimping apparatus

Abstract

Apparatus actuated by a rotational drive for crimping a fitting are disclosed. In one embodiment, the apparatus includes a crimp ring having at least two crimp ring segments pivotably coupled together for crimping the fitting. A first member, such as a trunnion or coupling arm, engages a first of the at least two segments, and a second such member engages a second of the at least two segments. A screw is coupled to the rotating drive. The screw is coupled to the first and second members such that at least one of the members is movable along the screw when the screw is rotated. In one embodiment, the rotational drive couples to the screw by a transfer mechanism for transferring and controlling rotational movement from the rotational drive to the screw. The transfer mechanism can include a plurality of gears or can include a universal joint. The rotational drive can be a drill or can be a socket and a ratchet.

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

[0002] The present invention relates generally to tools for crimping fittings that connect sections of pipe together and relates more particularly to crimping apparatus for crimping such fittings.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

[0003] A compression fitting is typically a tubular sleeve made of plastic or metal and containing seals. To produce a joint between two pipe ends, the fitting is slid over the ends of the pipes and then compressed radially to form a leak resistant joint between the pipe ends. The joint has considerable mechanical strength and is self-supporting. A crimping tool, such as known in the art, may be used to compress the fitting on the pipe ends. A typical crimping tool includes at least two arms or jaws. A drive mechanism, such as a hydraulic piston acted upon by hydraulic pressure from a pump within the tool, is used to move the arms.

[0004] In some embodiments, at least a portion of the arms may be moved inward during the crimping operation to directly crimp the fitting. In other embodiments, the arms of the rotational drive may actuate a crimp ring that crimps the fitting. Typically, the crimp ring includes two or more ring segments connected together. The rotational drive arms of the crimping tool couple to pivot ports or indentations defined in opposing crimp ring segments. In general, crimp rings may be used to crimp a fitting having a diameter greater than approximately 2.5-inches. Some existing crimp slings can be used on diameters as small as 42-mm or 1½″, such as the multi-segment crimp slings made by Novopress for use on the Mapress fitting system.

[0005] Unfortunately, crimping tools may not always give an ideal or near ideal crimp on the fitting, especially when the fitting has a large diameter, e.g., greater than 2.5-inches. In other words, the typical rotational drives and crimp ring assemblies according to the prior art may not uniformly apply a crimping force to the fitting over the displacement of the piston. Furthermore, the force versus displacement profiles of the prior art crimp assemblies may not be consistent over use with various sized compression fittings, and especially with fittings having larger diameters. Additional problems with existing crimp rings include the weight of existing crimp rings, the need for a multiple number of crimp rings to accommodate different sized fittings, and the manufacturing costs associated with existing crimp rings.

[0006] Some crimp rings in the prior art have been directed to facilitating closure of the ring about a fitting. For example, U.S. Pat. No. 5,598,732 discloses a compression ring including traction belts disposed outside the jaws of the ring to maintain a lightweight and economical ring. In another example, U.S. Pat. No. 6,058,755 discloses a compression ring including a leaf spring disposed outside the links of the ring to facilitate placement of the wraparound ring on a fitting. In yet another example, U.S. Pat. No. 6,058,755 also discloses a compression ring including a plurality of press elements, which are joined together in a hinged manner or in the manner of a chain by means of straps.

[0007] The present invention is directed to overcoming, or at least reducing the effects of, one or more of the problems set forth above.

SUMMARY OF THE PRESENT DISCLOSURE

[0008] Apparatus for crimping a fitting are disclosed. In one embodiment, the apparatus includes a flexible strap, a crimping assembly, and an actuating assembly. The crimping assembly is disposed about the fitting. The flexible member is disposed about an outer surface of the crimping assembly and has first and second ends. First and second retaining members are disposed on the ends of the flexible member and coupling to arms of the actuating assembly. In another embodiment, the flexible strap fits directly against the fitting for crimping the fitting. In yet another embodiment, the apparatus includes a crimp chain having a plurality of linked elements. The crimp chain has first and second ends, and at least one of the ends of the rotational drive arms is removably coupled to an end of the crimp chain. The linked elements of the chain are disposed about the fitting and have a surface to crimp the fitting.

[0009] Apparatus actuated by a rotational drive for crimping a fitting are disclosed. In one embodiment, the apparatus includes a crimp ring having at least two crimp ring segments pivotably coupled together for crimping the fitting. A first member, such as a trunnion or coupling arm, engages a first of the at least two segments, and a second such member engages a second of the at least two segments. A screw is coupled to the rotating drive. The screw is coupled to the first and second members such that at least one of the members is movable along the screw when the screw is rotated. In one embodiment, the rotational drive couples to the screw by a transfer mechanism for transferring and controlling rotational movement from the rotational drive to the screw. The transfer mechanism can include a plurality of gears or can include a universal joint. The rotational drive can be a drill or can be a socket and a ratchet.

[0010] The foregoing summary is not intended to describe every aspect and embodiment of the subject matter of the present disclosure.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0011] The foregoing summary, preferred embodiments, and other aspects of the subject matter of the present disclosure will be best understood with reference to a detailed description of specific embodiments, which follows, when read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0012] FIG. 1, 2A-B, 3A-B, 4A-B, 5, and 6A-B illustrate various views of a first embodiment of a crimping apparatus and components thereof according to certain teachings of the present disclosure having a flexible member.

[0013] FIGS. 7, 8A-B, and 9 illustrate various views of a second embodiment of a crimping apparatus and components thereof according to certain teachings of the present disclosure having a flexible member.

[0014] FIGS. 10 and 11 illustrate various views of a third embodiment of a crimping apparatus and components thereof according to certain teachings of the present disclosure having a flexible member.

[0015] FIGS. 12 and 13A-C illustrate various views of an embodiment of a crimping apparatus and components thereof according to certain teachings of the present disclosure having a crimping chain.

[0016] FIGS. 14, 15, and 16 illustrate embodiments of crimping apparatus for use with a rotational drive.

[0017] FIGS. 17 and 18 illustrate additional embodiments of crimping apparatus for use with a rotational drive and being accessible by the rotational drive from numerous directions.

[0018] FIGS. 19, 20, and 21A-B illustrate embodiments of crimping apparatus for crimping fittings using manual or assisted activation.

[0019] FIGS. 22, 23, and 24A-B illustrate additional embodiments of crimping apparatus for crimping fittings using manual or assisted activation.

[0020] While the disclosed crimping apparatus are susceptible to various modifications and alternative forms, specific embodiments thereof have been shown by way of example in the drawings and are herein described in detail. The figures and written description are not intended to limit the scope of the disclosed inventive concepts in any manner. Rather, the figures and written description are provided to illustrate the disclosed inventive concepts to a person skilled in the art by reference to particular embodiments, as required by 35 U.S.C. § 112.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] A. Crimping Apparatus with Strap System

[0022] Referring to FIG. 1, a crimping apparatus 10 for crimping a fitting 12 onto a tube 13 is illustrated. Crimping apparatus 10 includes an actuating assembly 100 and a crimping assembly 200. Actuating assembly 100 can include a clamp mechanism, a scissor mechanism, a jaw mechanism, a vice mechanism, or other mechanism known in the art for producing a crimping force from a tool (not shown), such as a hydraulic drive.

[0023] Actuating assembly 100 includes first and second actuator elements or arms 110a and 110b, first and second side plates 120a and (one not shown), and first and second pivot pins 130a and 130b. First and second actuator elements 110a-b are substantially identical and are arranged symmetrically in crimping assembly 100. First and second rotational drive arms 110a and 110b each include a cam surface 112a and 112b, a pivot aperture 114a and 114b, a retainer aperture 116a and 116b, and a bifurcate end 118a and 118b. Pivot apertures 114a and 114b receive pivot pins 130a and 130b about which arms 110a and 110b pivot. Retainer apertures 116a and 116b defined in bifurcate ends 118a and 118b receive retaining pins 140a and 140b as described below.

[0024] Actuator elements 110a and 110b are pivotably connected together with side plates 120a and one not shown and with pivot pins 130a and 130b. Side plates 120 are substantially identical and are disposed parallel to one another on either side of assembly 100. Pivot pins 130a and 130b are positioned through side plates 120 and through pivot apertures 114a and 114b in actuator elements 110a and 110b. Retaining rings (not shown) are disposed on the ends of pivot pins 130a and 130b to hold actuating assembly 100 together.

[0025] Crimping assembly 200 is disposed about fitting 12 and is removably attached to actuating assembly 100. Crimping assembly 200 has an inner surface 202 and an outer surface 204. Inner surface 202 defines an inner dimension for crimping fitting 12. Crimp assembly 200 includes two segments 210a and 210b connected by a linkage or pin 230; however, it is understood that crimp assembly 200 may have more than two segments. As best shown in the cross-sectional view of FIG. 2A, segments 210a and 210b are connected together by a pivot pin 230, which is held by retaining clips 232. Each segment 210a and 210b includes an inner surface 212, which may include a protruding lip 214.

[0026] In FIG. 1, crimping apparatus 10 also includes a flexible member 150 coupling to actuating assembly 100 and to crimping assembly 200. Flexible member 150 is a strap, band, loop, belt, strip, or the like. Flexible member 150 may be composed of poly-para-phenylene terephthalamide (KEVLAR), other nylon-like polymers, nylon, or a high strength, woven, or uniform material or metal. Flexible member 150 is preferably a continuous, seamless belt and is preferably made of KEVLAR.

[0027] Flexible member 150 includes an inner strip 152 and an outer strip 154 forming looped ends 156a and 156b. The continuity of flexible member 150 provides strength and eliminates the need for additional components or fasteners to be attached to belt 150 and to couple it to actuating assembly 100. Flexible member 150 is disposed about outer surface 204 of crimping assembly 200. Couplings 160a and 160b hold flexible member 150 to crimping assembly 200 but provide sufficient clearance to allow relative circumferential movement between flexure member 150 and segments 210a and 210b. Additionally, crimping assembly 200 may define an outer groove (not shown) for accommodating flexible member 150 therein.

[0028] Flexible member 150 may alternatively be used without crimping assembly 200 detailed above. In such an alternative embodiment, flexible member 150 may be, for example, a chain, a plurality of linked elements, or a metal band, which is directly disposed about fitting 12 and defines an inner surface for crimping fitting 12.

[0029] Each actuator element 110a and 110b accommodates looped ends 156a and 156b of flexible member 150 at bifurcate ends 118a and 118b. Bifurcate ends 118a and 118b of actuator elements 110a and 110b are movable in relation to one another. As ends 118a and 118b move closer together, an inner dimension defined by flexible member 150 is changed, which closes crimp assembly 200 about fitting 12. Bifurcate ends 118a and 118b may further define surfaces for directly contacting and crimping fitting 12 in a midline gap formed between segments 210a and 210b of crimp assembly 200.

[0030] Flexible member 150 is coupled to first actuator element 110a and coupled to second actuator element 110b. First looped end 156a is positioned in bifurcate end 118a with retaining pin 140a disposed therethrough. First looped end 156a is movable with and rotatable about retaining pin 140a At least one of looped ends 156a and 156b is removably coupled to a bifurcate end 118a and 118b. For example, second looped end 156b is positionable in bifurcate end 118b, and second retaining pin 140b is disposable therethrough as described below. It should be noted that a fixedly attached retaining pin 140a or 140b on one of the actuator elements 110a or 110b can prevent changing the flexible member 150 and crimp apparatus 200 used with the rotational drive 100, which is undesirable if the rotational drive is intended to be used with various sizes of crimp rings.

[0031] Alternatively, flexible member 150, as illustrated in FIG. 3A, may be a unitary strip 151 of material having ends joined together so that strip 151 forms a continuous belt. As opposed to the continuous, seam-free belt discussed above in FIGS. 1 and 2A-B, ends of unitary strip 151 are joined at 161. For example, as illustrated in FIG. 3B, the joining of the ends at 161 can be made by sewing together the ends of the unitary strip 151 made of fabric, such as KEVLAR. The joining of the ends, however, can be made by a number of methods known in the art for joining ends of material, including but not limited to gluing or riveting.

[0032] As opposed to the continuous belts described above, flexible member 150 can be a unitary strip 151 having mechanisms or structures that form the looped ends. For example, as illustrated in FIG. 4A, a fastener or clamp 162 can hold an end of strip 151 to form a looped end 158 to receive a retaining pin (not shown). Alternatively, as illustrated in FIG. 4B, a loop, ring, or other like structure 166 can be attached to the end of unitary strip 151 of flexible member 150 by a fastener or clamp 164. Loop 166 can receive a retaining pin (not shown) to connect flexible member 150 to an rotational drive arm (not shown).

[0033] To dispose crimping apparatus 10 on fitting 12 in FIG. 1, crimp assembly 200 is opened such that only first looped end 156a of flexible member 150 is coupled to actuating assembly 100. Crimp assembly 200 is disposed about fitting 12. Second looped end 156b is then disposed in bifurcate end 118b of second actuator element 110b. Second or removable retaining pin 140b is inserted through retainer apertures 116b defined in bifurcate end 118b of second rotational drive arm 110b, as best shown in FIG. 2B. Removable pin 140b is disposed through second looped end 156b of flexible member 150. Consequently, second looped end 156b is removably coupled to second actuator element 110b and is movable therewith.

[0034] As discussed above, one or both of retaining pins 140a or 140b is removable from apertures 116a or 116b of actuator elements 110a or 110b to allow one of looped ends 156a or 156b to be uncoupled. Preferably, both retaining pins 140a and 140b allow for looped ends 156a and 156b to be uncoupled from ends 118a and 118b, which allows rotational drive 100 to be used with various sizes of crimp assemblies. Alternatively, one or both of retaining pins 140a or 140b is retractable. For example, retaining pins 140a and 140b may define an axial slot 142, as best shown in FIG. 2B. Locking elements 170, shown in FIG. 1, may insert into bifurcate ends 118a and 118b and dispose in axial slots 142 to keep pins 140a and 140b from being fully removed from apertures 116a and 116b. Locking elements 170 disposed in axial slots 142 allow partial axial movement of pins 140a and 140b in apertures 116a and 116b for detaching the pins from looped ends 156a and 156b of flexible member 150. Such locking elements 170a and 170b may further prevent pins 140a and 140b from rotating within retainer apertures 116a and 116b. Preventing rotation of pins 140a and 140b, however, may not be strictly necessary. Therefore, another structure, such as an annular shoulder (not shown) on pins 140a or 140b, may be used with locking elements 170 to make the pins retractable but also allow them to rotate.

[0035] Referring to FIG. 5, crimping apparatus 10 is further illustrated with additional details discussed below. An engagement element 190 is positioned between rotational drive arms 110a and 110b. Engagement element 190 is part of a crimping tool (not shown) for actuating crimping apparatus 10. Engagement element 190 is, for example, a roller carriage including first and second rollers 192a and 192b. Roller carriage 190 is moved by an rotational drive, which may be, for example, a hydraulic piston (not shown) of a crimping tool. Rollers 192a and 192b engage cam surfaces 112a and 112b of rotational drive arms 110a and 110b. Rollers 192a and 192b apply force to cam surfaces 112a and 112b, causing rotational drive arms 110a and 110b to pivot about pivot pins 130a and 130b. A crimping force is developed as retaining pins 140a and 140b with looped ends 156a and 156b of flexible member 150 are brought together.

[0036] If, for example, the rotational drive applies an output force of 32 kN to roller carriage 190, each roller 192a and 192b receives a 16 kN force. Applying the force of 16 kN on cam surfaces 112a and 112b, the resulting force N on actuator elements 110a and 110b can be approximately 92 kN initially applied at a distance A from pivot 130a and 130b of actuator elements 110a and 110b. A moment is produced on actuator elements 110a and 110b, which pivot about pins 130a and 130b. A crimping force P1 is produced as retaining pins 140a and 140b, distanced B from pivots 130a and 130b, move together. The crimping force P1 is applied to flexible member 150. It is understood that the numerical values presented herein are only exemplary and depend on a number of design factors, such as dimensions, geometric arrangements, tolerances, etc.

[0037] A force P2 of flexible member 150 is schematically distributed about outside surface 204 of crimp assembly 200. Flexible member 150 applies force P2 uniformly about a substantial portion of outside surface 204 of crimp rings 200 disposed about fitting 12. If it is assumed that force P2 is the yield strength of a fitting made of gunmetal bronze, for example, force P2 has an approximate value of 150 N/mm2 or approximately 21,755 psi. For a 2.5-in. diameter fitting 12, the initial radius of flexible member 150 may be approximately 1.604 in. For a 3-in. diameter fitting, the initial radius of flexible member 150 may be approximately 1.880 in. For a 4-in. diameter fitting, the initial radius of flexible member 150 may be approximately 2.382 in.

[0038] The force P1 at looped ends 156a and 156b of flexible member 150 for a 4-in diameter fitting may be calculated to be approximately 25,909 lbs./in. Therefore, a continuous, flexible belt 150 made of KEVLAR for crimping 2.5 to 4 inch fittings needs to withstand at least 26,000 lbs. without failure. The general width W1 of such flexible member 150 is preferably 1.75 inches or more. The above values are only exemplary and are presented to elucidate some exemplary dimensions and forces for one embodiment of crimping apparatus 10. The selection and design of other possible embodiments with different structural, geometric, or material constraints would be within the abilities of one of ordinary skill in the art having the benefit of this disclosure.

[0039] Referring to FIG. 6A, crimping apparatus 10 of FIG. 5 is shown in a cross-section A-A and is shown including additional details and components according to the present invention. As discussed above, retaining pin 140b defines a slot 142. Bifurcate end 118b defines an aperture 172 receiving a locking element 170b. First retaining pin 140a and bifurcate end 118a, as shown in FIG. 5, may also include a similar locking element 170a. Preferably, locking elements 170a-b are spring-loaded. As shown in FIG. 6A, an end of spring-loaded locking element 170b is disposed in slot 142. With locking element 170b being spring loaded, pin 140b can be inserted into bifurcate end 118 and then engaged by locking element 170b. Spring loaded locking element 170b keeps removable retaining pin 140b from rotating within retainer apertures 116b. Additionally, the frictional force imposed by the spring-loaded locking element 170b against pin 140b can axially hold pin 140b in bifurcate end 118b, thus keeping pin 140b in a closed position during crimping. Alternatively, aperture 172 in bifurcate end II 8b can receive a spring-loaded ball detent 171, as shown in FIG. 6B.

[0040] Actuator element 110b includes a retaining lock 180 adjacent removable pin 140b. Retaining lock 180 includes a bearing and a spring, for example. Retaining pin 140b defines slits or grooves 144 receiving the bearing of retaining lock 180. Retaining lock 180 holds retaining pin 140b in place, yet allows pin 140b to be removed from retainer apertures 116b when the bias of lock 180 is overcome. If spring-loaded ball detent 171 of FIG. 6B is used in aperture 172, the need for retaining lock 180 may be eliminated.

[0041] As best shown in FIG. 5, the opening defined in bifurcate end 118b of actuator element 110b has a width W1 of approximately 2.125-inches, for example. Flexible member 150 has a width W2 of approximately 2-inches, for example. The maximum bending stress on retaining pin 140b can be calculated, as above, using the exemplary force on flexible member 150 of approximately 25,909 lbs. If the diameter D of pin 140b is 1 in., for example, the maximum bending stress on pin 140b is approximately 140,400 psi. If the diameter of pin 140b is 1.25 in., the maximum bending stress is approximately 71,782 psi. The above calculations are only exemplary and are presented to elucidate exemplary dimensions and forces for one embodiment of crimping apparatus 10. The design and analysis of other possible embodiments having different constraints would be within the abilities of one of ordinary skill in the art having the benefit of this disclosure.

[0042] Referring to FIGS. 7, 8A-B, and 9, another embodiment of a crimping apparatus in accordance with the present invention is illustrated. In FIG. 7, an actuating assembly 100, a flexible member 150, and a crimping assembly 200 are illustrated in a top view. In FIG. 8A, a cross-section of flexible member 150 disposed about a segment 210a of crimping assembly 200 is illustrated. In FIG. 8B, a cross-section of a retaining pin 140a is illustrated along with a looped end 156b of flexible member 150. In FIG. 9, a bifurcate end 118a of actuator element 110a of actuating assembly 100 is illustrated in a perspective view.

[0043] With reference to FIG. 7, flexible member 150 is disposed about an outer surface 204 of crimping assembly 200, which in the present embodiment has three linked segments 210a-c. In the present embodiment, segments 210a-c are connected together with pivot pins 230a and 230b. The pivot pins 230a and 230b can further include torsion springs (not shown) to bias crimp assembly 200 into a closed position as shown. Alternatively, the segments 210a-c can be connected with other structures known in the art that do not use pivot pins. For example, the segments 210a-c can be connected together by a tongue-and-groove joint.

[0044] In the present embodiment, flexible member 150 is a continuous belt, including an inner strip 152 and outer strip 154 continuously connected and forming first and second looped ends 156a and 156b. As best shown in FIG. 7, couplings 160a and 160b, such as described above, hold flexible member 150 on crimping assembly 200 but provide sufficient clearance to allow relative circumferential movement between flexure member 150 and segments 210a and 210c. Furthermore, these couplings 160a and 160b can be used to maintain the size and form of the loop in ends 156a and 156b. A holding pin 164 is disposed through flexible member 150 to retain the member to crimping assembly 200. As best shown in the cross-section A-A of FIG. 8A, the segments of crimping assembly 200, such as segment 210a shown, include an inner surface 212 having a protruding lip 214 and define a groove 215 to accommodate strips 152 and 154 of flexible member 150.

[0045] Each looped end 156a and 156b of belt 150 includes a retaining pin 140a and 140b disposed therein. These retaining pins 140a and 140b removably couple to actuator elements 110a and 110b. As best shown in the cross-section of FIG. 8B, retaining pin 140a is disposed in looped end 156a of flexible member 150 with distal ends of pin 140a extending therefrom. Retaining pin 140a includes shoulders or ledges 142, which may be fixedly attached to the pin or may be held by clips 143.

[0046] In FIG. 9, bifurcate end 118a of actuator element or arm 110a is illustrated in a perspective view. The forked sides of bifurcate end 118a each define a hook, slot, or catch 119a. Hook 119a removably couples with the free, distal ends of retaining pins 140a and 140b, as discussed above. Actuating assembly 100 include two actuator elements 110a and 110b with bifurcate ends 118a and 118b and hooks 119a and 119b to engage retaining pins 140a and 140b. Other embodiments of actuating assembly 100 may include only one actuator element 110 having a hook for removably coupling to a retaining pins. In such an embodiment, the other actuator element may include a retractable retaining pin, such as described above with reference to the embodiment of FIG. 6A.

[0047] Referring to FIGS. 10 and 11, yet another embodiment of a crimping apparatus 30 in accordance with the present invention is illustrated in a cross-sectional view in relation to a fitting 12. Crimping apparatus 30 includes an actuating assembly 100 having first and seconds actuator elements or arms 110a and 110b disposed adjacent to each other. First and second rotational drive arms 110a and 110b each include a cam surface 112a and 112b, a crimp surface 116a and 116b, a pivot pin 130a and 130b, and a retaining pin 140a and 140b. Pivot pins 130a and 130b are disposed in apertures defined in the rotational drive arms, allowing the arms to pivot on the pins. Side plates, such as plate 120a, are connected to pivot pins 130a and 130b to interconnect arms 110a and 110b. Retaining pins 140a and 140b are removably disposed in apertures at an end of the arms and are positioned through pockets 118a and 118b at the end of the arms.

[0048] A flexible member 250 is attached to actuating assembly 100. Flexible member 250 is a continuous strap having looped ends 156a and 156b formed by an inner portion 252 continuous with an outer portion 254. Looped ends 156a and 156b are disposed about retaining pins 140a and 140b. Strap 250 forms an opening 258, which is disposed directly about fitting 12.

[0049] When rotational drive 310 is activated by a tool (not shown), actuator elements 110a and 110b pivot about pins 130a and 130b, causing retaining pins 140a and 140b to be moved closer together. Consequently, opening 258 defined by flexible member 250 decreases radially to crimp fitting 12 directly. In addition, crimp surfaces 116a and 116b also engage fitting 12 to apply the crimping force about a substantial portion of the circumference of fitting 12.

[0050] As discussed above, flexure member 250 can be composed of poly-para-phenylene terephthalamide, (KEVLAR), other nylon-like polymers, nylon, or a high strength, woven, or uniform material or metal. In one embodiment illustrated in a perspective view in FIG. 11, flexure member 250 can include a plurality of solid elements 260 attached thereto for contacting the fitting. Such solid elements 260 can be composed of metal, being riveted or otherwise attached to a portion of inner strip 252 defining the opening of flexible member 250. Solid elements 260 can be beneficial in applying the crimping force directly to the fitting. Solid elements 260 can also include raised ridges 262 for aligning on the fitting.

[0051] B. Crimping Apparatus with Chain System

[0052] Referring to FIGS. 12 and 13A-C, another embodiment of a crimping apparatus in accordance with the present invention is illustrated. As best shown in FIG. 12, crimping apparatus includes a flexible, crimping assembly 300, and an actuating assembly 360. Flexible crimping assembly 300 combines aspects and advantages of the flexible members and the crimping assemblies disclosed herein. Flexible crimping assembly 300 is a crimping chain including a plurality of linked elements. Crimping chain 300 can be positioned about a fitting 12 for directly crimping the fitting onto a tube 13. Crimping chain 300 is preferably able to apply the crimping force about a substantial portion of the fitting's circumference.

[0053] Crimping chain 300 includes a plurality of chain sections including rollers or wheels 310, a plurality of pins 312, and a plurality of interconnecting members, plates, or chain links 320, 330. Rollers or wheels 310 rotate on the plurality of pins 312 disposed through rollers 310. Pins 312 are interconnected by the plurality of interconnecting members, plates, or chain links 320, 330.

[0054] In FIG. 13A, a portion of crimping chain 300 is shown in a plan view. Rollers 310 are rotatably disposed on pins 312. First interconnecting members or inner links 320a-b are disposed on either side of rollers 310 and are interconnect with adjacent pins 312. Inner links 320a-b define apertures through which pins 312 pass, allowing inner links 320a-b to pivot thereon. Second interconnecting members or outer links 330a-b are disposed on either side of inner links 320a-b and are interconnect with alternate, adjacent pins 312. Outer links 330a-b also define apertures through which pins 312 pass, allowing the outer links to pivot thereon. Retainers (not shown) on ends of pins 312 adjacent outer links 330a-b may be used to hold the construction together. Alternatively, inner links 320a-b may pivot on adjacent pins 312, while outer links 330a-b press or snap fit on alternating pins 312, which eliminates the need for external retainer.

[0055] In FIG. 13B, an end view of chain 300 of FIG. 13A along line C-C is illustrated. Roller 310, pin 312, inner links 320a-b, and outer links 330a-b are shown in relation to a cross-section of a fitting 12. Roller 310 is disposed on roller pin 312 and is sandwiched between inner links 320a-b, which are in turn sandwiched between outer links 330a-b. Roller 310 has a greater diameter and extends beyond the height of links 320a-b and 330a-b. In this way, roller 310 forms a protruding lip. Roller 310 may have a width of approximately 0.188-in, for example. Inner links 320a and 320b may each be approximately 0.344-inch wide on either side of roller 310. Outer links 330a-b may have a similar width as inner links 320a-b. Roller 310 with links 320a-b and 330a-b may have an overall width of approximately 1.5-inches.

[0056] Returning to FIG. 12, actuating assembly 100 includes a first rotational drive arm 110a and a second rotational drive arm 110b. Rotational drive arms 110a and 110b couple to first and second end rollers 350a and 350b of crimping chain 300. First end roller 350a is disposed on a retaining pin 340a, which is removably coupled to first rotational drive 110a. First rotational drive 110a includes a hook 114 disposing on retaining pin 340a so that first end roller 350a is removably coupled to first rotational drive 110a. Second end roller 350b of crimping chain 300 is disposed on a fixed retaining pin 340b fixedly connected to second rotational drive arm 110b. End rollers 350a and 350b may have a larger radius than other rollers 310 of crimp chain 300.

[0057] Standard fittings are thin-walled. During a crimping operation with a conventional crimp ring, a fold or buckle may form between the closing crimp ring segments and especially the free ends of the ring. By including an adequate number of chain sections, the crimping chain 300 of the present invention can yield a substantially uniform compression of the fitting. Furthermore, because crimping chain 300 applies force substantially normal to the surface of fitting 12, crimping chain 300 of the present invention can reduce or nearly eliminate pinching or buckling of the fitting.

[0058] Preferably, crimping chain 300 can be effectively used for a variety of sizes of fittings. To achieve this, crimping chain 300 is provided with a predetermined pitch. Actuating assembly 100 has a midline gap g between the ends of actuator elements 340a and 340b when fully actuated, and crimping chain 300 therefore includes an end gap G. The pitch of crimping chain 300 can be varied to make the end gap G nearly the same on differently sized fittings so that the single crimping chain 300 can be effectively used for a variety of sizes of fittings by simply connecting to a different pin location on the chain.

[0059] The pitch is provided by the interconnecting members or links 320 and 330. For example, an inner link 320 is shown in a side view in FIG. 13C. Inner link 320 has an edge 322 defined by a radius R. Inner link 320 also has first and second apertures 324 and 326 for adjacent roller pins (not shown) of the crimping chain. The distance between apertures 324 and 326 provides the pitch for the crimping chain. The pitch is selected so that a single chain can be designed for use with multiple sizes of fittings. The pitch is chosen as a compromise between a number of variables, including the circumferences of the various intended fittings, the midline gap of the rotational drive arms, and the travel of the tool, among other variables. The outer links discussed above have a substantially similar side construction as inner link 320.

[0060] C. Crimping Apparatus Actuated by Rotational Drive

[0061] Referring to FIGS. 14-16, in which the same reference numerals denote similar elements, embodiments of crimping apparatus for use with a rotational drive 450 are illustrated. Rotational drive 450 can be, for example, a conventional, electrically powered drill having an electric motor, but it is understood that other rotational tools providing rotation to drive a screw can also be used. For example, the rotational drive 450 can be a manually powered drill, a pneumatically powered drill, a socket, a ratchet, a wrench, or a screwdriver.

[0062] Referring to FIG. 14, crimping apparatus 400 is actuated by rotational drive or drill 450. Crimping apparatus 400 includes a crimping assembly 410 having a first segment 412a and a second segment 412b. First and second segments 412a and 412b are connected by a pivot pin 414, and crimping assembly 410 defines an inner surface 415 to crimp a fitting (not shown).

[0063] First segment 412a has a first pivoting member or trunnion 420a disposed in its end 416a. Second segment 412b has a hook 418 on its end 416b. A second pivoting member or trunnion 420b is rotatably and slideably disposed in hook 418, which is open to receive or remove trunnion 420b. A drive member or screw 430 is rotatably connected to first trunnion 420a and is threaded through second trunnion 420b. Drive screw 430 connects to a transfer or gear mechanism 440. Rotational drive 450 couples to transfer or gear mechanism 440 to rotate drive screw 430 and open and close segments 412a and 412b about the fitting. Transfer or gear mechanism 440 allows rotational drive 450 to couple from one or more approaches, as exemplified in FIG. 14 with drives 450 and 450′. This may be beneficial when access is restricted.

[0064] To dispose crimping apparatus 400 about the fitting, drive screw 430 is pivoted on first trunnion 420a, and second trunnion 420b is removed from hook 418. First and second segments 412a and 412b are pivoted apart, and crimping assembly 410 is positioned with the fitting disposed between segments 412a and 412b. Drive screw 430 is again pivoted on first trunnion 420a, and second trunnion 420b is positioned into hook 418.

[0065] In one embodiment, transfer or gear mechanism 440 includes a universal joint (not shown) or a simple set of gears with a 1:1 gear ratio. In another embodiment, transfer or gear mechanism 440 includes gears having a gear ratio that increases the output torque of rotational drive 450 to drive screw 430. Furthermore, the gear ratio of mechanism 440 may also decrease the output RPM of rotational drive 450 to drive screw 430, providing for better control of crimping apparatus 400. Transfer or gear mechanism 440 includes a shank 452 removably connecting to a chuck 454 of rotational drive 450. With activation of drive screw 430 from transfer or gear mechanism 440, second trunnion 420b is moved along rotating drive screw 430, which rotates on fixed, first trunnion 420a. Hook 418 accommodates the annular movement of segments 412a and 412b as they pivot about pivot point 414.

[0066] Transfer or gear mechanism 440 can also include a torque clutch for disengaging the transfer of rotation to drive screw 430 when a predetermined amount of torque is reached. The torque clutch could prevent crimping apparatus 400 from over-crimping the fitting. It should be noted that crimping apparatus 400 can have a mechanical stop such that the torque on rotational drive 450 will increase sharply when the mechanical stop is engaged. In such a case, the torque clutch could, therefore, prevent damage or over-stressing rotational drive 450, drill motor, or other mechanical components. In addition, the torque clutch could be adjustable so that transfer mechanism 440 could be adjusted for a selected torque level depending on the type of fitting to be crimped on tubing. For example, the torque clutch could be adjustable for crimping a fitting for a PEX system, crimping a 2.5-in. fitting on type M copper tubing, crimping a 3-in. fitting on type K copper tubing, etc. Torque clutches can include a first portion coupled to the drive screw 430 and a second portion coupled to the rotational drive 450. The first and second portions can be engaged with one another such that they will transfer rotation up to an adjustable resistance point between them beyond which point they will disengage.

[0067] A person skilled in the art will appreciate that the design of the crimping apparatus 400 depends on a number of parameters and variables, such as the size of the intended fitting, the torque and speed of the rotational drive 450, the pitch and thread of the drive screw 430, the friction of the gear mechanism 440, among other parameters and variables. It is understood that a person skilled in the art will be able to select and calculate appropriate values for the parameters and variables to design a specific implementation of the crimping apparatus 400.

[0068] In FIG. 15, another embodiment of a crimping assembly 402 includes substantially similar components as assembly 400 in FIG. 14. In contrast, crimping assembly 402 includes an attachment portion 460 attaching crimping apparatus 410 to drive 450, which may provide for a smaller tool with better handling. Crimping apparatus 410 attaches to the top of drive 450 as shown, or may attach to the side of drive 450. Instead of a hook, second trunnion 420b positions in a bifurcate slot 419, and transfer mechanism 440 has opposing shanks 452 for coupling with rotational drive 450. Accordingly, a recess, pocket, catch, slot, or bifurcate end can be used instead of a hook.

[0069] Referring to FIG. 16, another embodiment of crimping apparatus 470 actuated by a rotational drive 450 is illustrated. Crimping apparatus 470 includes a crimping assembly 472, a transfer or gear mechanism 480, and drive members or screws 485a and 485b. Crimping assembly 472 includes first and second segments 474a and 474b and defines and inner surface 475 to crimp a fitting (not shown) disposed therebetween. Segments 474a and 474b are symmetrically arranged in assembly 472 and are connected to one another by drive screws 485a and 485b. Drive screws 485a and 485b are connected to first segment 474a and are disposed through bores in second segment 474b.

[0070] Transfer or gear mechanism 480 includes a drive gear 482, which is a spur gear rotatably attached to second segment 474b and having a shank 483 for attaching to rotational drive 450. Drive gear 482 has teeth connecting with teeth of first and second spur gears 484a and 484b, which are rotatably attached to second segment 474b. Each spur gear 484a and 484b includes a threaded bore having one of the drive screws 485a and 485b threading therethrough. Rotation of drive gear 482 by rotational drive 450 causes first and second spur gears 484a and 484b to rotate. Consequently, the threaded drive screws 485a and 485b move through threaded bores in spur gears 484a and 484b and cause first segment 474a to open or close relative to second segment 474b.

[0071] D. Clamp Assemblies Actuated by Rotational Drive

[0072] Referring to FIG. 17, an embodiment of a clamp assembly 500 is illustrated coupled to a conventional crimp ring. Clamp assembly 500 provides an articulated connection between a rotational drive (not shown) and crimp ring segments 60a and 60b. Clamp assembly 500 is accessible by the rotational drive from numerous directions. Crimp ring segments 60a and 60b are connected at a pivot point 66, and each segment 60a and 60b defines a pivot port 62a and 62b.

[0073] Clamp assembly 500 includes a drive member or screw 510, a drive coupling 520, a first coupling member or arm 530a, and a second coupling member or arm 530b. First coupling arm 530a includes a port end 532a, which is preferably contoured to prevent binding, disposed in pivot port 62a of first segment 60a. Second coupling arm 530b includes a port end 532b disposed in pivot port 62b of second segment 60b. Drive screw 510 connects to first and second coupling arms 530a and 530b. Drive coupling 520 is connected on one end of drive screw 510. Drive coupling 520 is a universal joint in the present embodiment, allowing clamp assembly 500 to be accessed by the rotational drive from numerous angles, sides, and approaches. The rotational drive, which may be a drill, couples to universal joint 520, and universal joint 520 transfers the rotation from the rotational drive to drive screw 510.

[0074] With activation of drive screw 510, the first and/or second coupling arms 530a and 530b can be moved along the rotating drive screw 510 to open or close crimp ring segments 60a and 60b. As shown, drive screw 510 is rotatably attached to first coupling arm 530a at 534a, and drive screw 510 is threaded through a threaded hole 534b in second coupling arm 530b. Upon rotation of drive screw 510 with the rotational drive, second coupling arm 530b is then moved along drive screw 510 in relation to fixed coupling arm 530a. The curved port ends 532a-b of coupling arms 530a-b in ports 62a-b accommodate the pivoting movement of segments 60a and 60b as they pivot about pivot point 66.

[0075] Referring to FIG. 18, another embodiment of a clamp assembly 550 is illustrated coupled to a conventional crimp ring. Clamp assembly 550 includes a drive member or screw 560, a drive coupling 570, a first coupling member or trunnion 580a, and a second coupling member or trunnion 580b. First trunnion 580a is removably positioned in a hook or slot 62 defined in first segment 60a, and second trunnion 580b is rotatably connected to second segment 60b. Drive screw 560 includes first and second threaded portions 562 and 564 with opposite pitch. Threaded portions 562 and 564 are threaded through first and second trunnions 580a and 580b, respectively. Drive coupling 570 is connected on one end of drive screw 560.

[0076] Drive coupling 570 is a gear mechanism being accessible from one or more sides, angles, or approaches by a rotational drive (not shown), which couples to gear mechanism 570 and rotates drive screw 560. The rotational drive for use with gear mechanism 570 may be a conventional drill, for example. Gear mechanism 570 transfers the rotation from the rotational drive to drive screw 560. With activation of gear mechanism 570, first and second trunnions 580a and 580b are moved along their respective threaded portions 562 and 564 of drive screw 560 to open and close segments 60a, 60b about the fitting.

[0077] E. Manual and Assisted Crimping Apparatus Actuated by Rotational Drive

[0078] Referring to FIGS. 19-20, embodiments of crimping apparatus 600 and 650 for manual or assisted activation are illustrated. Crimping apparatus 600 and 650 are manually operated or are assisted by power or hydraulic tools. In FIG. 19, crimping apparatus 600 includes a crimping assembly 610, a lever mechanism 620, and a latch mechanism 630. Crimping assembly 610 includes first and second segments 612a and 612b connected together by a pivot 614 and defining an inner surface 616 for crimping a fitting (not shown) disposed therebetween. Crimping assembly 610 is preferably designed to crimp fittings for PEX (cross-linked polyethylene) tubing systems. First segment 612a has a handle 613 and lever mechanism 620 attached. Lever mechanism 620 includes a second handle or lever arm 622 adjacent first handle 613 and connected to first segment 612a with a first pin 624.

[0079] Latch mechanism 630 is attached to lever mechanism 620 with a second pin 632. Second pin 632 is offset from first pin 624 to provide additional leverage. Latch mechanism 630 includes a free end that removably attaches to second segment 612b. For example, the free end of latch mechanism 630 includes a hook or the like that removably attaches to a pin or catch 634 on second segment 612b. Latch mechanism 620 transfers force from lever arm 622 to second segment 612a to close crimping assembly 610. Being removable, latch mechanism 630 may be unattached from the second segment 612b, allowing the crimping assembly 610 to be positioned on or removed from the fitting. Crimping apparatus 600 is manually activated by an operator squeezing handles 613 and 622 together. Crimping apparatus 600 in FIG. 19 may also be activated with mechanical assistance. For example, a hydraulic cylinder (not shown) may be used to close handles 613 and 622, which reduces stress to the operator. In addition, crimping apparatus 600 in FIG. 19 may also be activated by a rotational drive (not shown). For example, a drive screw (not shown) can be attached by trunnions to the handles 613 and 622 in a manner similar to those disclosed in FIG. 14, 15, and 18. In this way, rotation of the drive screw by a rotational drive, such as a power drill, can open and close the segments 612a and 612b about the fitting.

[0080] In FIG. 20, crimping apparatus 650 includes a crimping assembly 660, a lever mechanism 670, and a wedge mechanism 680. Crimping assembly 660 includes first and second segments 662a and 662b that are connected together at a pivot 664. First and second segments 662a and 662b define an inner surface 666 to crimp a fitting (not shown) disposed therebetween. Crimping assembly 660 is preferably designed to crimp fittings for PEX (cross-linked polyethylene) tubing systems. Lever mechanism 670 is connected to first segment 662a by a pivot 672 and can include a lock/release mechanism 674 as shown in FIG. 20. Alternatively, lever mechanism 670 may be fixedly attached to first segment 662a.

[0081] Lever mechanism 670 includes a surface 676 to contact wedge mechanism 680. When activated, wedge mechanism 680 engages second segment 662b and surface 676 of lever mechanism 670. As it is moved, wedge mechanism 680 wedges between second segment 662b and lever mechanism 670. Lever mechanism 670 moves first segment 662a, as second segment 662b is pushed by wedge mechanism 680, and crimping assembly 660 closes about the fitting. Wedge mechanism 680 can be activated manually, for example, with a screw press or vice. Wedge mechanism 680 can also be activated with mechanical assistance. For example, a rotational drive (not shown), such as a drill, can be used to activate a screw press to move wedge mechanism 680. In another example, a hydraulic cylinder (not shown) can be used to move wedge mechanism 680. In the present embodiment, wedge mechanism 680 includes a wedge 682 and a feed screw 688. Feed screw 688 is threaded through an opening 686 in a portion 684 connected to second segment 662b. Rotation of screw 688 moves wedge 682 to open and close crimping assembly 660.

[0082] Referring to FIGS. 21A-B, an embodiment of a crimping apparatus 700 for manual or assisted activation is illustrated in a partially exposed side view and a top view. Crimping apparatus 700 includes a first crimp segment 710 and a second crimp segment 720 connected by a pivot 702. First and second crimp segments 710 and 720 respectively have crimping surfaces 712 and 722 that are preferably contoured to crimp fittings (not shown) for PEX tubing systems. A handle 714 made of ductile iron, for example, extends from first segment 710. A pivotable connector 730 and a nut 740 connect first and second crimp segments 710 and 720. Pivotable connector 730 has one end 732 connected to first segment 710 by a pivot pin 734. End 732 and pin 734 are preferably positioned in a recess 716 defined in first crimp segment 710, as shown. A threaded end 736 of pivotable connector 730 fits within a bifurcate end 724 of second segment 720, and nut 740 threads onto threaded end 736. Preferably, bifurcate end 724 defines a contoured surface 726 against which a rounded end of nut 740 positions.

[0083] To crimp a fitting (not shown), first and second segments 710 and 720 are positioned around the fitting, and threaded end 736 of pivotable connector 730 is fit within bifurcate end 724 of second segment 720 by pivoting connector 730 on pin 732. Nut 740 is then tightened on threaded end 736 to close crimping surface 712 and 722 of segments 710 and 720 against the fitting. Nut 740 can be tightened using a standard ratchet and socket or by using a ratcheting box wrench, for example.

[0084] Referring to FIG. 22, an embodiment of a manual crimp apparatus 800 is illustrated. Crimp apparatus 800 includes first and second crimp segments 810 and 820 connected by a pivot 802. Each segment 810 and 820 defines a crimp surface 812 and 822 for preferably crimping a PEX style fitting (not shown). A drive screw 830 has a first trunnion 832 movably threaded thereon. An end of drive screw 830 is rotatably connected to a second trunnion 834. First trunnion 832 is positioned in an end 814 of first segment 810, and second trunnion 834 is positioned in an end 824 of second segment 820. End 814 of first segment 810 can be bifurcate for inserting drive screw 830 therein when placing crimp apparatus 800 on the fitting. Drive screw 830 has a head 836 for rotating the drive screw 830 with a standard ratchet and socket or with a ratcheting box wrench, for example. Drive screw 830 is preferably a ½-inch feed screw.

[0085] To crimp a fitting (not shown), crimp apparatus 800 opens and closes like a hinge pipe cutter. First and second segments 810 and 820 are positioned around the fitting, and drive screw 830 is pivoted about second trunnion 834 to position first trunnion 832 on end 814 of first segment 810. A standard ratchet and socket or a ratcheting box wrench is then used to rotate drive screw 830, causing first trunnion 832 to move on drive screw 830 and close first and second segments 810 and 820 about fitting.

[0086] Referring to FIGS. 23 and 24A-B, another embodiment of a manual crimp apparatus 850 is illustrated. In FIG. 23, crimp apparatus 850 includes first and second crimp segments 860 and 870 connected by a pivot 852. Each segment 860 and 870 defines a crimp surface 862 and 872 for preferably crimping a PEX style fitting (not shown). Segments 860 and 870 are preferably investment cast from matching, symmetrical castings. A first nut 882a is threaded on one end of drive screw 880 for engaging an end 864 of first segment 860. A second nut 882b is connected to another end of drive screw 880 for engaging an end 874 of second segment 860. As best shown in the top view of second segment 870 in FIG. 24A, end 874 of second segment 870 preferably defines a closed, elongated opening for the passage and movement of drive screw 830. In a similar fashion, end 864 of first segment 860 preferably defines a closed, elongated opening for the passage and movement of drive screw 880.

[0087] As best shown in FIG. 23, each nut 882a, 882b has a rounded end 884 for engaging and rotating against ends 864 and 874 of segments 860 and 870. In addition, nuts 882a, 882b each have a head 886 for rotating the nut with a standard ratchet and socket or with a ratcheting box wrench, for example. As best shown in the isolated view of FIG. 24B, first nut 882a engaging first segment 860 has a threaded opening 887 for threading onto drive screw 880. Second nut 882b engaging second segment 860 has a square opening 888 fitting onto the end of drive screw 880 and is used for holding drive screw 880 when tightening.

[0088] To crimp the fitting, first and second segments 860 and 870 are positioned around the fitting, and drive screw 830 is positioned through openings in ends 864 and 874 of segments 860 and 870. Second nut 882b engages end 874 of second segment 870, and first nut 882a is threaded onto the end of drive screw 880 to engage end 864 of first segment 860. Second nut 882b is held by a wrench, while first nut 882a is rotated on drive screw 880 by a standard ratchet and socket or a ratcheting box wrench, causing first and second segments 860 and 870 to close about the fitting between crimping surfaces 862 and 872.

[0089] The foregoing description of preferred and other embodiments is not intended to limit or restrict the scope or applicability of the disclosed inventive concepts conceived of by the Applicants. In exchange for disclosing the inventive concepts contained herein, the Applicants desires all patent rights afforded by the appended claims. Therefore, it is intended that the invention include all modifications and alterations to the full extent that they come within the scope of the following claims or the equivalents thereof.

Claims

1. An apparatus actuated by a rotational drive for crimping a fitting, comprising: a crimp ring having at least two pivotably coupled segments; a screw coupled to the rotational drive; a first member coupled to a first of the at least two pivotably coupled segments; a second member coupled to a second of the at least two pivotably coupled segments; and wherein the screw is coupled to the first and second members such that at least one of the members is movable along the screw when the screw is rotated to open and close the crimp ring.

2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the first member is rotatably attached to the first of the at least two pivotably coupled segments.

3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the first member is removably positioned in a recess, a pocket, a hook, a catch, a slot or a bifurcate end on the first of the at least two segments.

4. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein the first member defines a contoured surface for engaging the recess, the pocket, the hook, the catch, the slot or the bifurcate end on the first of the at least two segments.

5. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the first member comprises a trunnion threaded onto the screw.

6. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the first member comprises a nut threaded onto the screw.

7. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the first member comprises a pin attached to the screw.

8. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a transfer mechanism coupled between the rotational drive and the screw and transferring rotational movement from the rotational drive to the screw.

9. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the transfer mechanism comprises at least one of a chuck, a plurality of gears, a universal joint, and a torque clutch.

10. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the screw comprises first and second threaded portions having opposing threads.

11. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein one of the at least two pivotably coupled segments can be attached to the rotational drive.

12. An apparatus actuated by a rotational drive for crimping a fitting, comprising: a segmented crimping assembly; a drive member coupled to the rotational drive and receiving the output thereof; means for coupling the drive member to the segmented crimping assembly; and means for actuating the segmented crimping assembly by rotation of the drive member.

13. The apparatus of claim 12, wherein the means for coupling the drive member to the at least one of the segments comprises means for removably coupling to the at least one of the segments.

14. The apparatus of claim 12, wherein the drive member may be coupled with the rotational drive is a plurality of orientations.

15. The apparatus of claim 12, further comprising means for controlling the output of the rotational drive to the drive member.

16. An apparatus for crimping a fitting, comprising: a rotational drive; a crimp ring having at least two pivotably coupled segments; and a screw coupled to the rotational drive and coupled to the at least two pivotably coupled segments to open and close the crimp ring when rotated by the rotational drive.

17. The apparatus of claim 16, comprising: a first trunnion coupled to a first of the at least two segments; and a second trunnion coupled to a second of the at least two segments, wherein the screw is threadable through at least one of the trunnions such that the at least one trunnion is moved along the screw when the screw is rotated.

18. The apparatus of claim 17, wherein at least one of the trunnions is removably attached to one of the at least two segments.

19. The apparatus of claim 16, comprising: a first arm having a contoured surface removably positioned in a recess defined in a first of the at least two segments; and a second arm having a contoured surface removably positioned in a recess defined in a second of the at least two segments, wherein the screw is threadable through at least one of the arms such that the at least one arm is moved along the screw when the screw is rotated.

20. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein a first end of the screw is pivotably attached to a first of the at least two segments, and wherein a second end of the screw has a nut threaded thereon engaging a second of the at least two segments.

21. The apparatus of claim 16, comprising: a first nut attached to the screw and engaging a first of the at least two segments; and a second nut attached to the screw and engaging a second of the at least two segments, wherein at least one of the nuts is threaded on the screw.

22. The apparatus of claim 16, further comprising a transfer mechanism coupled between the rotational drive and the screw and transferring rotation from the rotational drive to the screw.

23. The apparatus of claim 22, wherein the transfer mechanism comprises at least one of a chuck, a plurality of gears, a universal joint, and a torque clutch.

24. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein the rotational drive is selected from the group consisting of a manually powered drill, a pneumatically powered drill, an electrically powered drill, a socket, a ratchet, a wrench, and a screwdriver.