Patent Application
20220234049
The present invention relates to a crushing device, especially a roller crusher where two, generally parallel rollers are separated by a gap and rotate in opposite directions and especially to a high pressure roller crusher and a system for deflection distribution in such high pressure roller crushers.
When crushing or grinding rock, ore, cement clinker and other hard materials, roller crushers may be used having two generally parallel rolls which rotate in opposite directions, towards each other, and which are separated by a gap. The material to be crushed is then fed into the gap. One type of roller crusher is called high pressure grinding rollers or high pressure roller crushers. This type of comminution has been described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,357,287 where it was established that it is in fact not necessary to strive for single particle breakage when trying to achieve fine and/or very fine comminution of material. Quite opposite, it was found that by inducing compression forces so high that briquetting, or agglomeration of particles occurred during comminution, substantial energy savings and throughput increases could be achieved. This crushing technique is called interparticle crushing. Here, the material to be crushed or pulverized is crushed, not only by the crushing surfaces of the rolls, but also by particles in the material to be crushed, hence the name interparticle crushing. U.S. Pat. No. 4,357,287 specifies that such agglomeration can be achieved by using much higher compression forces then what was previously done. As an example, forces up to 200 kg/cm2 where previously used, whereas the solution in U.S. Pat. No. 4,357,287 suggests to use forces of at least 500 kg/cm2 and up to 1500 kg/cm2. In a roller crusher having a roller diameter of 1 meter, 1500 kg/cm2 would translate into a force of more than 200 000 kg per meter length of the rollers whereas previously known solutions could, and should, only achieve a fraction of these forces. Another property of the interparticle crushing is that a roller crusher should be choke fed with the material to be crushed, meaning that the gap between the two opposed rolls of the roller crusher should always be filled with material along the entire length thereof and there should also always be material filled to a certain height above the gap to keep it full at all times and to maintain a state of particle-on-particle compression. This will increase the output and the reduction to finer material. This stands in sharp contradiction to older solutions where it was always emphasized that single particle breaking was the only way fine and very fine particle comminution could be obtained.
Interparticle crushing, as opposed to some other types of crushing equipment, such as e.g. sizers, has the attribute that it does not create a series of shocks and very varying pressure during use. Instead, equipment using interparticle crushing is working with a very high, more or less constant pressure on the material present in the crushing zone created in and around the gap between the rolls.
In this type of roller crusher, the gap width is created by the pressure of the feed material's characteristics. The movement of the crushing rolls away from each other is controlled with a hydraulic system comprising hydraulic cylinders and accumulators, which accumulators provide a spring action to handle varied material feed characteristics. For example, a higher material feed-density to the roller crusher will normally cause a greater gap width than a lower material feeding-density would and uneven feed characteristics, such as non-uniform material feed distribution, along the length of the crusher rolls will cause the gap width to differ along the length of the crusher rolls, i.e. creating a skew. Such uneven feed characteristics may be caused by uneven feed of the amount of material along the length of the crusher rolls, but may also be caused by different bulk density within the feed material, varying particle size distribution within the feed material, varying moisture content within the feed, and diversity of mineral breaking strength in material feed, but also by uncrushable material, which may enter into the feed material. There have been attempts made to avoid this skewing problem but these attempts have typically resulted in complicated systems.
An object of the invention is to overcome, or at least lessen the above mentioned problems. A particular object is to provide a deflection distributor refitting kit for a roller crusher. To better address this concern, in a first aspect of the invention there is provided a deflection distributor refitting kit for a roller crusher, comprising a deflection distributing shaft and thrust rods, each thrust rod having first and second ends. Further, mounts for attachment of the deflection distributing shaft at a frame of the roller crusher are provided and a first end of each of the thrust rods is attached to the deflection distributing shaft via a lever. A second end of each of the thrust rods is arranged to be attached to a movable bearing housing of the roller crusher. The deflection distributing shaft comprises at least two interconnectable sub-shafts. This structure has the advantage that the refitting kit provides easy maintenance and installation thereof, and the advantage that a mechanical connection between the bearing housings arranged at respective sides of the moveable crusher roll is created. This, in turn, means that any uneven feed along the length of the crushing gap may immediately be compensated for such that, during normal working conditions, the moveable crusher roll will always be kept in parallel with the fixed crusher roll such that problems due to skewing can be avoided. Skew can be defined as a difference in gap width when measured at the two opposite ends of the crusher rolls. Skew may also be defined in terms of gap width difference per length unit, e.g. mm/m or in terms of the angle between the central axis of the first roll and of the second roll. Herein, skew is defined as a difference in gap width when measured at the two opposite ends of the crusher rolls. Skewing of the equipment causes undesirable load situations in the roller crusher. The framework of these roller crushers are typically built to endure linear forces perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the crusher rolls and skewing of the rolls will create forces that the framework is not suited to handle. Further, the moveable bearing housings of the moveable crusher roll often run on a guiding structure and in situations where skewing occur, there is a risk that the moveable bearing housing will cause jamming in the guiding structure and get stuck, thus being unable to respond to any required reciprocating movement. Needless to say, the skewing will cause unproportioned wear of the structure of the roller crusher. Considering the fact that the compression forces applied in equipment of the present invention may amount to 20 MN per meter crusher roll, any occurring skewing will have very negative impact on the affected parts. Further, tramp material (uncrushable) may find its way into the material feed and needs to pass between the crusher rolls which requires that the gap width is momentarily widened. Such tramp material will hit the crusher rolls at random points of the crusher rolls. This means that skewing also may occur when tramp material enters the gap. However, as indicated above, the main reason behind the skewing of the crushing rolls in roller crushers relates to a non-uniform material feed along the length of the crushing gap, different bulk density in the feed, varying particle size in the feed, or varying moisture content in the feed along the length of the crushing gap. The deflection distributor of the present invention will compensate for this and transfer any unbalanced loads between the two sides of the moveable crusher roll such that a parallel movement thereof can be ensured. Previously known attempts at solving this problem involve complicated hydraulic systems and one major drawback of such systems is the fact that they are unable to respond sufficiently fast. In order to compensate for a typical uneven material load situation, it is necessary to move a substantial amount of hydraulic oil within a fraction of a second. This is of course extremely hard to achieve, especially when considering the fact that, in addition to the oil transportation as such, such system first has to measure how much oil must be transported to compensate for the uneven load case. On the other hand, the deflection distributor of the present invention has no difficulties in handling these large loads and short time spans. The deflector distributor refitting kit of the disclosed invention further ensures the maintaining of a constant feed pressure profile within the roller crusher, which is not enabled by the prior art roller crushers and the systems for uneven feed characteristics therein.
By providing the deflection distributing shaft with at least two interconnectable sub-shafts instead of one single shaft, the installation and maintenance is made easier.
In one embodiment of this first aspect, the deflection distributing shaft comprises at least three interconnectable sub-shafts. By providing the deflection distributing shaft in at least three interconnectable sub-shafts, instead of two sub-shafts or one single shaft, the production thereof is made easier.
In one embodiment of this first aspect, the at least two sub-shafts are interconnectable by means of a rigid coupling, and in one embodiment this rigid coupling comprises a bolt connection.
In one embodiment of this first aspect, the at least two sub-shafts are interconnectable by means of hydraulic or pneumatic pressure coupling, and in one embodiment the hydraulic pressure coupling is a hydraulic shrink disc connection.
In one embodiment of this first aspect, the two sub-shafts are interconnectable in by means of a safety coupling. One embodiment of this first aspect the safety coupling comprises a torsion safety release coupling. By providing a safety coupling between the two sub-shafts, the two sub-shafts may be released from each other should a major tramp event occur.
Further, by providing a hydraulic or pneumatic pressure coupling for the interconnection of the two sub-shafts, the release pressure may be tailored for the appointed roller crusher to which the deflection distributor refitting kit is to be installed.
In another embodiment the sub-shafts are of approximately the same length.
In accordance with an embodiment of the deflection distributor refitting kit, the mounts are arranged for attachment to the frame of the roller crusher.
In accordance with an embodiment of the deflection distributor refitting kit, the deflection distributing shaft, comprising at least two interconnected sub-shafts, is rotatably suspended in the mounts. By arranging the deflection distributing shaft rotatably in the frame, forces can be distributed from one side of the roller crusher to the other by means of a torsional movement of the deflection distributing shaft. A deflection distributing shaft, comprising at least two interconnected sub-shafts, can be made to have a high torsional rigidity such that any occurring loads will be transmitted without delay or losses. Should the coupling between the two sub-shafts comprise a safety coupling the coupling may be tailored to release should the torsional pressure go beyond a pre-determined threshold value.
In accordance with an embodiment of the deflection distributor refitting kit, the deflection distributor refitting kit further comprises a preload arrangement which induces a bias to parts of the deflection distributor refitting kit. By providing a preload arrangement that induces a bias into parts of the deflection distributor refitting kit, wear and tear of the mechanical connection between the bearing housings arranged at respective sides of the moveable crusher roll can be reduced. During the process of grinding material in a roller crusher, vibrations occur. These vibrations are caused by the impact loads that occur when material of different properties are nipped, crushed and discharged from the machine. Thus, even at normal and even optimal conditions, the equipment of a roller crusher is subjected to vibrations. These vibrations are detrimental to the equipment and the bearings of the deflection distributor refitting kit may have clearance, or play, between e.g. a bearing and a mounting pin extending into the bearing, e.g. for attaching a thrust rod thereto. The vibrations in combination with the clearance will cause shock loads to the bearings and the pins and this lead to premature failure of the parts. The preload arrangement of the present invention will make sure that for example a pin inserted into a bearing will be biased towards an inner surface of the bearing such that when load from vibration occurs, the pin is already in contact with an inner surface of the bearing, thus avoiding that a shock load is avoided when the outer surface of the pin hits the inner surface of the bearing.
In accordance with an embodiment of the deflection distributor refitting kit, the bias comprises a compression load to a first of the thrust rods in a direction generally parallel to a longitudinal direction of the first thrust rod and a tension load to a second thrust rod in a direction generally parallel to a longitudinal direction of the second thrust rod.
In accordance with an embodiment of the deflection distributor refitting kit, the bias comprises compression load to the thrust rods in a direction generally parallel to a longitudinal direction of each of the thrust rods
In accordance with an embodiment of the deflection distributor refitting kit, the bias comprises a tension load to both thrust rods in a direction generally parallel to a longitudinal direction of each of the thrust rods
In accordance with an embodiment of the deflection distributor refitting kit, the bias comprises a load applied to at least one the thrust rods in a direction generally perpendicular to a longitudinal direction of the thrust rod.
In accordance with an embodiment of the deflection distributor refitting kit, the two sub-shafts are interconnectable by means of a shock absorbing unit. This structure has the advantage that the refitting kit provides damping in case of sudden load spikes which would otherwise be detrimental to the equipment. It is noted that during normal production conditions, the damping unit will not be working and the sub-shafts will act as a single deflection distributing shaft and only excessive load spikes will cause the shock absorbing unit to work.
In accordance with an embodiment of the deflection distributor refitting kit, the shock absorbing unit is arranged to damp a relative torsional movement between the first and second shaft parts.
In accordance with an embodiment of the deflection distributor refitting kit, the shock absorbing unit has an adjustable damping and/or spring rate.
In accordance with an embodiment of the deflection distributor refitting kit, the shock absorbing unit comprises a pneumatic or hydraulic damper.
In accordance with an embodiment of the deflection distributor refitting kit, the shock absorbing unit comprises a check valve.
In accordance with an embodiment of the deflection distributor refitting kit, the shock absorbing unit comprises a torque coupling comprising one or more elastomeric elements.
In accordance with an embodiment of the deflection distributor refitting kit, the elastomeric elements are pre-compressed.
In accordance with an embodiment of the deflection distributor refitting kit, the elastomeric elements are incompressible and wherein a shock absorbing effect is achieved by deformation of the elastomeric elements.
In accordance with an embodiment of the deflection distributor refitting kit, the shock absorbing unit is arranged in the connection between the at least two sub-shafts.
In accordance with an embodiment of the deflection distributor refitting kit, the shock absorbing unit is arranged external to the deflection distributing shaft.
In accordance with an embodiment of the deflection distributor refitting kit, each end sub-shaft comprises a lever and wherein the shock absorbing unit is attached to each of said levers.
In accordance with an embodiment of the deflection distributor refitting kit, the lever comprises a shank extending from the deflection distributing shaft. The lever will convert the mainly linear movement of one of the thrust rods into rotary movement of the deflection distributing shaft and back to a mainly linear movement of the other thrust rod.
In accordance with an embodiment of the deflection distributor refitting kit, the lever comprises the off-center mounting of the thrust rods to the deflection distributing shaft.
In accordance with an embodiment of the deflection distributor refitting kit, rotational bearings are arranged between said deflection distributing shaft and said mounts. In one embodiment the mounts comprise rotational bearings, and in one embodiment rotational bearings are arranged in the deflection distributing shaft.
In accordance with an embodiment of the deflection distributor refitting kit, the rotational bearings comprise spherical bearings.
In accordance with an embodiment of the deflection distributor refitting kit, the first end of each of the thrust rods is attached to the lever by a pivot bracket. A pivoting joint between the lever and the thrust rod will ensure that the mainly linear movement of the thrust rod is transferred to the lever and thus the deflection distributing shaft without bringing about unnecessary torsional loads in the thrust rod or lever.
In accordance with an embodiment of the deflection distributor refitting kit, the second end of each of the thrust rods is arranged to be attached to the movable bearing housing by a pivot bracket. A pivoting joint between the bearing housing and the thrust rod will ensure that the linear movement of the bearing housing is transferred to the thrust rod without bringing about unnecessary torsional loads in the thrust rod or bearing housing.
In accordance with an embodiment of the deflection distributor refitting kit, the thrust rods are arranged to be fixedly attached to the bearing housings. A fixed connection involves less moveable parts, is less labor-intensive and is less prone to wear in comparison with moveable connections. A fixed connection provides a different buckling load than a pivot bracket, and this enables the use of decreased wall thickness of the thrust rods and/or thickness of material for the fixed connection.
In accordance with an embodiment of the deflection distributor refitting kit, the thrust rods are attached to said levers by means of semi-spherical slide bearings. A semi-spherical slide bearing constitutes a very good compromise between rigidity while still allowing for pivoting movement between the lever and the thrust rod, thereby reducing or avoiding creating torsional loads in the connection.
In accordance with an embodiment of the deflection distributor refitting kit, it further comprises at least one replacement roll for a roll crusher. One replacement roll has a flange attached to each end of thereof, and the flanges extend in a radial direction of the roll and has a height above an outer surface of the roll. By providing flanges at both ends of one of the crusher rolls, it is possible to create a more efficient and uniform roll feed entry. The flanges will allow for material being fed such that a preferred material pressure is created over the entire length of the crusher rolls. It has been shown that it is possible to increase capacity of a given roller crusher with up to 20%, or sometimes even more, by using flanges. A general problem associated with grinding rollers without flanges is that the ratio between the roller diameter and the roller width is very important due to a significant edge effect, i.e. the crushing result is reduced at the edges of the rollers. This is because of the fact that material can escape over the edges of the rollers thereby reducing the crushing pressure on the material towards the gap at the edges of the rollers. Without flanges, it is thus necessary to recycle both material escaping the rolls and some of the material having passed the gap at the edges of the crusher rolls due to a lower pressure resulting in reduced breakage at the edges. Here, the combination of the deflection distribution that is created by the present invention and flanges is very beneficial. By ensuring that the moveable crusher roll always remains in parallel with the fixed crusher roll, the sealing properties of the flanges can be maintained at all times. Skewing, as it occurs in prior art solutions, will require a large distance between the flange and non-flanged rolls to avoid the skewing breaking the flanges and that will reduce the efficiency of the flanges. Further, the innovative combination of flanges on one of the crusher rolls and the deflection distributor ensuring constantly keeping the crusher rolls in parallel during all possible inconsistency of material feed, will provide for a unique flat tire wear profile. Thus, the surface of the roller crusher will be worn equally along the surface thereof, and this will optimize the breakage efficiency during the full tire wear life and is essential for the optimized use of the wear surface over the full width of the roll, hence increasing the lifetime of the roll and by that also improve the uptime of the crusher. The fact that the crusher rolls are kept parallel at all time also allows for the use of a thicker wear profile in comparison with prior art solutions. Such prior art solutions where the roller feed is not uniform over the length of the crusher rolls will cause higher wear rates towards the middle of the crusher rolls, causing what is known as the “bathtub effect”, i.e. the crusher rolls will wear down faster towards the middle than towards the ends thereof and create a wear profile having a central depression. This depression will in turn lead to lower material pressure in this region thereby causing unfavorable crushing results, which means that the crusher rolls need replacement or renovation. Thus, there is no point in making the wear surface as thick as possible since the bathtub effect at some point will force the roller crusher to be shut down. In the present invention, on the other hand, the bathtub effect is avoided and the wear thickness can be increased, thus increasing uptime considerably. Further, the deflection distributor refitting kit ensures maintained feed pressure profile, which limits the recirculation of material which has not been crushed to the correct particle size.
In accordance with an embodiment of the deflection distributor refitting kit, the flange extends in a radial direction of the roller, and has a height above an outer surface of the roller. This height preferably is sufficient to extend across the gap substantially along a nip angle of the roller crusher. This is advantageous in that the flange eliminates the weakness spot at the edge of the rollers. The flange will help maintaining the material on the outer roller surface. That is to say, due to the flange, the material is prevented from falling over the edge of the roller. This will in turn help increasing the pressure on the material towards the gap between the rollers at the edge of the rollers. Thus, a U-shaped grinding chamber is provided by the roller surface and flanges on each side. In one embodiment, the flange comprises a wear lining on the inside of the flange. This wear lining provides a friction engagement with the feed in order to push the feed towards the gap between the rollers. This is advantageous in that the structure will help increasing the pressure on the material towards the gap between the rollers at the edge of the roller even further. The structure will engage with the material which will be moved inside the crushing area and the pressure will be optimized. Thus, the wear lining works as a feeding structure.
Thus, according to one embodiment of the deflection distributor refitting kit, the flange comprises a feeding structure on the inside of the flange.
In accordance with an embodiment of the deflection distributor refitting kit, it further comprises replacement bearing housings for the crusher rolls. These replacement bearing housings may be adapted for the use with the deflection distributor according to the disclosed invention and may make the assembly work less labor intensive.
In accordance with an embodiment of the deflection distributor refitting kit, it further comprises replacement bearings for the crusher rolls. Again, these replacement bearings may be adapted for the use with the deflection distributor according to the disclosed invention and may make the assembly work less labor intensive.
In accordance with an embodiment of the deflection distributor refitting kit, it further comprises replacement bearings and replacement bearing housings for the crusher rolls. Again, these replacement bearings and replacement bearing housings may be adapted for the use with the deflection distributor according to the disclosed invention and may make the assembly work less labor intensive. As the crusher rolls will be kept in parallel irrespectively of uneven load profile along the length of the crushing gap, the design of the bearing housing sealing and internal bearing sealings may be less complicated. Further, the bearings may be changed from spherical bearings into standard bearings. Again, this is enabled by the securing of a parallel movement of the second crusher roll irrespectively of uneven load profile and/or tramp along the length of the crushing gap.
In accordance with an embodiment of the deflection distributor refitting kit, the at least two sub-shafts, have a shape and profile, which minimize deformation thereof. The at least two sub-shafts may have a non-uniform cross-section along the length thereof. They may for example have a wide cross-sectional area in the center thereof and decrease in cross-sectional area closer to one or both ends thereof. In one embodiment of the deflection distributor refitting kit, the at least two sub-shafts are rigid.
In one embodiment of the deflection distributor refitting kit, the at least two sub-shafts have torque resistant profiles.
In one embodiment of the deflection distributor refitting kit, the at least two sub-shafts are made of steel.
In one embodiment of the deflection distributor refitting kit, the at least two sub-shafts are made of composite material.
In accordance with an embodiment of the deflection distributor refitting kit, the at least two sub-shafts are cylindrical and have a diameter of between 200 to 1000 mm.
In accordance with an embodiment of the deflection distributor refitting kit, the at least two sub-shafts are hollow and have a wall thickness of <0% to 100% of shaft radius. In another embodiment the wall thicknesses of the sub-shafts are 10 to 200 mm.
In accordance with an embodiment of the deflection distributor refitting kit, at least one accumulator is arranged to be connected to the hydraulic system of the roller crusher, the at least one accumulator acting as a spring in the hydraulic system of the roller crusher is provided. This spring function can possibly be improved by arranging a pressurized gas chamber therein, using e.g. nitrogen, air or other suitable gas. In some embodiments, such pressurized gas can be replaced by a steel spring or similar. By providing such accumulators acting as springs which are dedicated specifically to the deflection distributor refitting kit, it is possible to obtain better function and performance. For example, they can be arranged at suitable positions and they can also be tuned to function optimally with the deflection distributor refitting kit, for example taking into consideration the extremely quick responses provided by the refitting kit in comparison with known systems.
In accordance with an embodiment of the deflection distributor refitting kit, the at least one accumulator is arranged at the mounts for attachment of the deflection distributing shaft to the frame of the roller crusher. By arranging the accumulator at the mounts, it is possible to provide the thrust rods and the deflection distributing shaft with a high range of movement without interfering with the accumulator.
In accordance with an embodiment of the deflection distributor refitting kit, end supports are provided which are arranged to be mounted at the frame of the roller crusher at the first and second sides thereof. By providing dedicated end supports, it is possible to provide best possible conditions for the deflection distributor refitting kit, e.g. by providing free passage for the thrust rods, by improving the rigidity of the frame for the roller crusher, or by providing attachment points for accumulators for the hydraulic system of the roller crusher.
In accordance with an embodiment of the deflection distributor refitting kit, the mounts for the respective end sub-shafts of the at least two sub-shafts are mounted to or arranged in the end supports.
In accordance with an embodiment of the deflection distributor refitting kit, the thrust rods can pass by or pass through the end supports. By letting the thrust rods pass by or even through the end supports, optimal function of the deflection distributor refitting kit is supported.
In accordance with an embodiment of the deflection distributor refitting kit, each of the end supports comprises a channel through which a respective thrust rod may extend. By letting the thrust rods pass through the end supports, the thrust rods can maintain a simple and straight-forward construction.
In accordance with an embodiment of the deflection distributor refitting kit, the end supports are arranged to be coupled to at least one hydraulic cylinder of the hydraulic system of the roller crusher.
In accordance with an embodiment of the deflection distributor refitting kit, the channel is arranged between two coupling points for said hydraulic cylinders, preferably midway between two coupling points. This allows for desirable deflection distribution within the roller crusher. When the channel is arranged between two hydraulic cylinders, the loads can be balanced and they can also be distributed in the same vertical plane, thereby avoiding or minimizing formation of torsional forces in the frame of the roller crusher. This arrangement also provides excellent access to the components, both those of the hydraulic system but also to the thrust rods and other parts of the deflection distributor refitting kit.
In accordance with an embodiment of the deflection distributor refitting kit, a cross bar arranged to extend between the moveable bearing housings is provided and the second end of each of the thrust rods is arranged to be attached to the cross bar. This allows for more flexibility when it comes to the location of the thrust rods. They can be attached to the crossbar anywhere along the length thereof.
In accordance with an embodiment of the deflection distributor refitting kit, the crossbar is arranged to be pivotably connected to each of the moveable bearing housings. A pivotal connection has the advantage that it can accommodate for differentiating movements of the moveable bearing housings.
In accordance with an embodiment of the deflection distributor refitting kit, the second end of each of the thrust rods is pivotably attached to the crossbar. Again, pivotal connection allows for accommodation and compensation of varying movements of adjacent parts with no or at least less torque build-up.
In accordance with an embodiment of the deflection distributor refitting kit, each of the thrust rods is arranged offset from a corresponding end support such that each of said thrust rods is arranged to pass alongside the end supports. This solution has the advantage that the thrust rods can pass by the end supports without having to arrange for end supports having an opening therethrough. Instead, they will pass alongside the end supports. Sometimes, it is inconvenient to arrange end supports with an opening, since there might be electric wiring or hydraulic hoses or pipes arranged on or within the end supports. With this offset solution for the thrust rods, previous end supports can be maintained and no re-routing or rearrangement of wires, hoses, pipes, installations or similar is necessary.
In accordance with an embodiment of the deflection distributor refitting kit, the deflection distributing shaft passes alongside a respective inner surface of each end support. This provides for a very compact solution with minimal footprint.
In accordance with an embodiment of the deflection distributor refitting kit, an offset bracket is arranged to be mounted at each of the moveable bearing housings and the second end of each thrust rod is connected to a corresponding offset bracket. The offset arrangement of the thrust rods can be achieved in a reliable manner by using such an offset bracket.
In accordance with an embodiment of the deflection distributor refitting kit, the first end of each of the thrust rods is attached to the lever via a lever arm. The provision of a lever arm allows for the use of the deflection distributor refitting kit without any substantial modification of the roller crusher as such. Furthermore, it provides beneficial load situations of the construction.
In accordance with an embodiment of the deflection distributor refitting kit, at least one lever arm is provided for each side of the roller crusher. A centrally arranged lever arm would be conceivable within the scope of the present invention. One arm for each side of the roller crusher does, however, provide better load distribution and better access to the equipment.
In accordance with an embodiment of the deflection distributor refitting kit, at least two lever arms are provided for each side of the roller crusher.
In accordance with an embodiment of the deflection distributor refitting kit, a first portion of the lever arm is arranged to be connected to the frame of the roller crusher and a second portion of the lever arm is connected to said lever.
In accordance with an embodiment of the deflection distributor refitting kit, the first end of each of the thrust rods is attached to the lever arm at a position between the first portion and the second portion.
In accordance with an embodiment of the deflection distributor refitting kit, the first portion of the lever arm is arranged to be pivotally connected to a lower part of the frame of the roller crusher and the second portion is pivotally connected to the lever.
In accordance with an embodiment of the deflection distributor refitting kit, a control system is provided. The control system being configured to monitor a skew between the first and second crusher rolls and wherein the control system is further configured to reduce pressure in the hydraulic system on the first or second side in response to a determination that the skew exceeds a predefined threshold value. The provision of a control system according to this embodiment of the present invention in combination with the deflection distributor reduces the forces acting on the deflection distributor such that the structural dimensions of the parts can be reduced and focus on achieving maximum rigidity can be reduced without sacrificing anti-skewing properties.
In accordance with this embodiment of the present invention, no complicated hydraulic control systems are required. Instead, in response to a determined exceeding of a predefined threshold skew value, it is sufficient to just reduce the pressure in the hydraulic system on the least deflected side. Such pressure reduction can be achieved by simply opening a valve with sufficient area such that hydraulic liquid can be drained from the system into suitable container. When the skewing is reduced below the threshold value, the valve is closed and hydraulic liquid may be returned into the system.
According to a second aspect of the invention, there is provided a method for mounting a deflection distributor refitting kit according to the first aspect to a roller crusher. The roller crusher comprises a frame and first and second crusher rolls which are arranged axially in parallel with each other. The first crusher roll is supported in bearing housings which are arranged in the frame and the second crusher roll is supported in bearing housings which are configured to be movable. The roller crusher further comprises a hydraulic system which is configured to adjust the position of the second crusher roll and the crushing pressure between the two crusher rolls. The method comprises the steps of attaching the second ends of the thrust rods to the movable bearing housings respectively and attaching the mounts for each sub-shaft at the frame; connecting the respective sub-shafts to their respective mounts and trust rods; and interconnecting the sub-shafts. Similarly, and correspondingly to the refitting kit, the method of the present invention will provide substantial advantages over prior art solutions.
In accordance with an embodiment of the method for mounting a deflection distributor refitting kit, the first and second crusher rolls are arranged axially in parallel with each other by pushing the second crusher roll towards the first crusher roll by means of the hydraulic system.
In accordance with another embodiment of the method for mounting a deflection distributor refitting kit, the method further comprises attaching a preload arrangement; and inducing a bias to parts of the deflection distributor refitting kit by means of a preload arrangement.
In accordance with another embodiment of the method for mounting a deflection distributor refitting kit, the method comprising attaching the deflection distributing shaft at said frame by means of the mounts, said deflection distributing shaft comprising at least two sub-shaft which are interconnected by means of a shock absorbing unit.
In accordance with another embodiment of the method for mounting a deflection distributor refitting kit, the deflection distributor refitting kit is mounted in parallel to the hydraulic system of the roller crusher. The term “in parallel to the hydraulic system” means that the two systems are functionally in parallel with each other. By arranging the deflection distributor refitting kit in parallel with the hydraulic system, the deflective properties and the long response period of the hydraulic system are not affecting the deflection properties of the deflection distributor kit. This provides for a much higher responsiveness of the system where the inherent structural rigidity of the deflection distributor kit can excel and react to uneven loads occurring at the crusher rolls much quicker than systems relying on the response of the hydraulic system.
In accordance with an embodiment of the method for mounting a deflection distributor refitting kit, the hydraulic system of the roller crusher comprises two hydraulic cylinders for each movable bearing housing on the respective sides of the second crusher roll. Each of the thrust rods is arranged between, preferably midway, the two hydraulic cylinders on the respective side of the second crusher roll. When the thrust rod is arranged between two hydraulic cylinders, the loads can be balanced and they can also be distributed in the same vertical plane, thereby minimizing formation of torsional forces in the frame of the roller crusher.
In accordance with an embodiment of the method for mounting a deflection distributor refitting kit, each of the thrust rods has a longitudinal axis perpendicular to a central axis of the second crusher roll. By arranging the thrust rods perpendicular to a central axis of the second crusher roll, the balancing of occurring forces is improved even further and it will ensure that loads occurring in the roller crusher will run in a direction perpendicular to a central axis of the second crusher roll. This is beneficial given the structure of the frame of most roller crushers, which are best suited for handling forces in longitudinal direction of the roller crusher, i.e. perpendicular to a central axis of the second crusher roll.
In accordance with an embodiment of the method for mounting a deflection distributor refitting kit, each of the thrust rods is attached to the bearing housings such that the general longitudinal central axes of the thrust rods lie in a same plane as the longitudinal central axis of the crusher roll, i.e. they lie at the same height. This ensures that the forces originating from the crusher rolls acting on the bearing housings can be transmitted to the thrust rods without creating any rotation of the bearing housings. Considering the fact that the forces in equipment of the present invention may amount to 10 MN per bearing housing, this is an important advantage of the invention.
In accordance with an embodiment of the method for mounting a deflection distributor refitting kit, each of the levers is attached to a first end of a respective thrust rod such that a longitudinal axis of the lever is arranged substantially perpendicular to a longitudinal axis of the thrust rod. This has the advantage that very limited bending of the thrust rod will occur during use of the equipment. The lever will perform its duties in a position at or near a perpendicular direction to the thrust rod and as such the thrust rod will move more or less linearly. If another arrangement would have been chosen, e.g. not substantially perpendicular, the thrust rod would have to bend to a larger extent during its stroke back and forth. This would be less beneficial and would require corresponding dimensioning of the thrust rods and the connections thereto.
In accordance with an embodiment of the method for mounting a deflection distributor refitting kit, the longitudinal axis of the lever passes through the central axis of the deflection distributing shaft and a pivotal point of the lever and the thrust rod.
In accordance with an embodiment of the method for mounting a deflection distributor refitting kit, a control system is mounted, wherein said control system is configured to monitor a skew of the first and second crusher rolls and wherein the control system further being configured to reduce pressure in said hydraulic system on the first or second side in response to a determination that the skew exceeds a predefined threshold value. As indicated above in relation to the deflection distributor refitting kit, this has several advantages, which apply correspondingly with respect to the method as well. Among others the dimensions of the deflection distributor refitting kit can be kept down without sacrificing anti-skewing properties.
According to a third aspect of the invention, there is provided a roller crusher. The roller crusher comprises a frame; first and second crusher rolls arranged axially in parallel with each other, said first crusher roll being supported in bearing housings which are attached in the frame, said second crusher roll being supported in bearing housings which are configured to be movable; and a hydraulic system configured to adjust the position of the second crusher roll and the crushing pressure between the two crusher rolls. According to this aspect of the invention the roller crusher further comprises a deflection distributor, wherein said deflection distributor comprises a deflection distributing shaft, mounts attaching said deflection distributing shaft at said frame of said roller crusher and thrust rods each having first and second ends, wherein a first end of each of said thrust rods is attached to said deflection distributing shaft via a lever, wherein a second end of each of said thrust rods is attached to a movable bearing housing of said second crusher roll, and wherein the deflection distributing shaft comprises at least two interconnected sub-shafts. Similarly, and correspondingly to the refitting kit, the roller crusher of the present invention will provide substantial advantages over prior art solutions.
In one embodiment of the roller crusher, the deflection distributing shaft comprises at least three interconnected sub-shafts.
In accordance with an embodiment of the roller crusher, the two sub-shafts are interconnected by means of a rigid coupling.
In accordance with an embodiment of the roller crusher, the two sub-shafts are interconnected by means of a hydraulic or pneumatic pressure coupling.
In accordance with an embodiment of the roller crusher, the two sub-shafts are interconnected by means of a safety coupling.
In accordance with an embodiment of the roller crusher, the safety coupling comprises a torsion safety release coupling.
In accordance with an embodiment of the roller crusher, the rigid coupling comprises a bolt connection.
In accordance with an embodiment of the roller crusher, the hydraulic pressure coupling is a hydraulic shrink disc connection.
In accordance with an embodiment of the roller crusher, a preload arrangement is arranged to induce a bias into a thrust rod or into the deflection distributing shaft.
In accordance with an embodiment of the roller crusher, the bias comprises a compression load to a first of the thrust rods in a direction generally parallel to a longitudinal direction of the first thrust rod and a tension load to a second thrust rod in a direction generally parallel to a longitudinal direction of the second thrust rod.
In accordance with an embodiment of the roller crusher, the bias comprises compression load to the thrust rods in a direction generally parallel to a longitudinal direction of each of the thrust rods.
In accordance with an embodiment of the roller crusher, the bias comprises a tension load to both thrust rods in a direction generally parallel to a longitudinal direction of each of the thrust rods.
In accordance with an embodiment of the roller crusher, the at least two sub-shafts are interconnected by means of a shock absorbing unit.
In accordance with an embodiment of the roller crusher, the shock absorbing unit is arranged to damp a relative torsional movement between the at least two sub-shafts.
In accordance with an embodiment of the roller crusher, the shock absorbing unit has an adjustable damping and/or spring rate.
In accordance with an embodiment of the roller crusher, the shock absorbing unit comprises a pneumatic or hydraulic damper.
In accordance with an embodiment of the roller crusher, the shock absorbing unit comprises a check valve.
In accordance with an embodiment of the roller crusher, the shock absorbing unit comprises a torque coupling comprising one or more elastomeric elements.
In accordance with an embodiment of the roller crusher, the elastomeric elements are pre-compressed.
In accordance with an embodiment of the roller crusher, the elastomeric elements are incompressible and wherein a shock absorbing effect is achieved by deformation of the elastomeric elements.
In accordance with an embodiment of the roller crusher, the shock absorbing unit is arranged in the connection between the at least two sub-shafts.
In accordance with an embodiment of the roller crusher, the shock absorbing unit is arranged external to the deflection distributing shaft.
In accordance with an embodiment of the roller crusher, each end sub-shaft comprises a lever and wherein the shock absorbing unit is attached to each of said levers.
In accordance with an embodiment of the roller crusher, the deflection distributor is connected to the second crusher roll in a manner parallel with the hydraulic system.
In accordance with an embodiment of the roller crusher, the movable bearing housings are arranged to be slidable movable in the frame.
In accordance with an embodiment of the roller crusher, the bearing housings of said first crusher roll are fixed in the frame of the roller crusher.
In accordance with an embodiment of the roller crusher, the mounts for the deflection distributing shaft are attached to the frame of the roller crusher.
In accordance with an embodiment of the roller crusher, the hydraulic system of the roller crusher comprises two hydraulic cylinders for each movable bearing on the respective sides of the second crusher roll, wherein each of the thrust rods is arranged between the two hydraulic cylinders on the respective side of the second crusher roll, preferably midway between the two hydraulic cylinders on the respective side of the second crusher roll. This achieves advantageous load distribution within the roller crusher.
In accordance with an embodiment of the roller crusher, a longitudinal axis of each of the thrust rods generally lies in a same plane as a longitudinal central axis of the second roll. Again, this provides for preferable load distribution with no or at least reduced torque build up in the roller crusher.
In accordance with an embodiment of the roller crusher, each of the levers is attached to a first end of a respective thrust rod such that a longitudinal axis of the lever is arranged substantially perpendicular to a longitudinal axis of the thrust rod. As indicated previously, this has several advantages, among others that the thrust rods do not have to bend, or at least to a reduced extent, during movement back and forth.
In accordance with an embodiment of the roller crusher, the longitudinal axis of the lever passes through the central axis of the deflection distributing shaft and a pivotal point of the lever and the thrust rod.
In accordance with an embodiment of the roller crusher, one roll of the first and second crusher rolls has a flange attached to each end thereof, and which flange extends in a radial direction of the roll and has a height above an outer surface of the roll.
In accordance with an embodiment of the roller crusher, the flange comprises a feeding structure on the inside of the flange.
In accordance with an embodiment of the roller crusher, the frame further comprises end supports.
In accordance with an embodiment of the roller crusher, the hydraulic system is arranged at least in part between said end supports and said moveable bearing housings and wherein said each of said thrust rods extends through a corresponding end support.
In accordance with an embodiment of the roller crusher, each of the thrust rods is arranged offset from the corresponding end support such that each of the thrust rods is arranged alongside of a corresponding end support.
In accordance with an embodiment of the roller crusher, a crossbar is arranged extending between the moveable bearing housings and wherein the second end of each of said thrust rods is attached to said movable bearing housing of said second crusher roll through said crossbar. The use of a crossbar allows for more flexibility when it comes to the location of the thrust rods. They can be attached to the crossbar anywhere along the length thereof.
In accordance with an embodiment of the roller crusher, the crossbar is pivotably connected to each of the moveable bearing housings.
In accordance with an embodiment of the roller crusher, the crossbar can be split in at least two parts. This allows for easier assembly and disassembly.
In accordance with an embodiment of the roller crusher, the second end of each of said thrust rods is pivotably attached to said crossbar. Such pivotable connections can accommodate and compensate for differing movements of parts interconnected through the crossbar without unnecessary torque build-up in the roller crusher.
In accordance with an embodiment of the roller crusher, each of the thrust rods is arranged offset from the corresponding end support such that each of the thrust rods passes alongside of the respective end supports. This solution has the advantage that the thrust rods can pass by the end supports without having to arrange for end supports having an opening therethrough. Instead, they will pass alongside the end supports. Sometimes, it is inconvenient to arranged end supports with an opening, since there might be electric wiring or hydraulic hoses or pipes arranged on or within the end supports. With this offset solution for the thrust rods, previous end supports can be maintained and no re-routing or rearrangement of wires, hoses, pipes, installation or similar is necessary.
In accordance with an embodiment of the roller crusher, each of the thrust rods is arranged offset inwardly from the corresponding end support such that each of said thrust rods is arranged to pass alongside an inner surface of the corresponding end support.
In accordance with an embodiment of the roller crusher, the deflection distributing shaft extends between a respective inner surface of each end support. This provides for a very compact solution with minimal footprint.
In accordance with an embodiment of the roller crusher, an offset bracket is arranged at each of the moveable bearing housings and the second end of each thrust rod is connected to the corresponding movable bearing housing through the corresponding offset bracket. The offset arrangement of the thrust rods can be achieved in a reliable manner by using such an offset bracket.
In accordance with other embodiments of the roller crusher, the deflection distributor may have the same features as the deflection distributor of the above-disclosed deflector distributor refitting kit.
In accordance with an embodiment of the roller crusher, the first end of each of the thrust rods is attached to the lever via a lever arm.
In accordance with an embodiment of the roller crusher, at least one lever arm is arranged at each side of the roller crusher.
In accordance with an embodiment of the roller crusher, a first portion of the lever arm is connected to the frame of the roller crusher and a second portion of the lever arm is connected to the lever.
In accordance with an embodiment of the roller crusher, the first end of each of the thrust rods is connected to the lever arm at a position between the first portion and the second portion.
In accordance with an embodiment of the roller crusher, the first portion of the lever arm is pivotally connected to a lower part of the frame and the second portion of the lever arm is pivotally connected to the lever.
In accordance with an embodiment of the roller crusher, the lever arm is arranged substantially vertically.
In accordance with an embodiment of the roller crusher, the thrust rods and the lever are arranged substantially perpendicularly to the lever arm.
In accordance with an embodiment of the roller crusher, the lever arm is arranged on an outside of the frame.
In accordance with an embodiment of the roller crusher, the lever arm is arranged on an inside of the frame.
In accordance with an embodiment of the roller crusher, at least two lever arms are arranged for each side of the roller crusher.
In accordance with an embodiment of the roller crusher, for each side of the roller crusher, one lever arm is arranged on an outside of the frame and one lever arm is arranged on an inside of the frame.
In accordance with an embodiment of the roller crusher, the deflection distributing shaft is arranged on top of the frame.
In accordance with an embodiment of the roller crusher, a control system is mounted, wherein said control system is configured to monitor a skew of the first and second crusher rolls and wherein the control system further being configured to reduce pressure in said hydraulic system on the first or second side in response to a determination that the skew exceeds a predefined threshold value. As indicated above in relation to the deflection distributor refitting kit, this has several advantages, which apply correspondingly with respect to the roller crusher as well. Among others the dimensions of the deflection distributor refitting kit can be kept down without sacrificing anti-skewing properties.
According to a fourth aspect of the invention, there is provided another roller crusher. The roller crusher comprises a frame; first and second crusher rolls arranged axially in parallel with each other, said first crusher roll being supported in bearings which are configured to be movable relative to the frame, said second crusher roll being supported in bearings which also are configured to be movable; and a hydraulic system configured to adjust the positions of the crusher rolls and the crushing pressure between the two crusher rolls. According to this aspect of the invention the roller crusher further comprises at least one deflection distributor, wherein said at least one deflection distributor comprises a deflection distributing shaft, mounts attaching said deflection distributing shaft at said frame of said roller crusher and thrust rods each having first and second ends, wherein a first end of each of said thrust rods is attached to said deflection distributing shaft via a lever wherein a second end of each of said thrust rods is attached to a movable bearing housing of said crusher rolls, and wherein the deflection distributing shaft comprises at least two interconnected sub-shafts.
Similarly, and correspondingly to the refitting kit, the roller crusher of this fourth aspect will provide substantial advantages over prior art solutions.
In accordance with an embodiment of the roller crusher according to this fourth aspect, the at least one deflection distributor is connected to the second crusher roll in a manner parallel with the hydraulic system.
In accordance with an embodiment of the roller crusher of this fourth aspect, the movable bearing housings are arranged to be slidable movable in the frame.
In accordance with an embodiment of the roller crusher of this fourth aspect, the movable bearing housings are arranged to be pivotably movable relative to the frame.
In accordance with an embodiment of the roller crusher of this fourth aspect, the mounts for the deflection distributing shaft is attached to the frame of the roller crusher.
In accordance with other embodiments of the roller crusher of this fourth aspect, the at least one deflection distributor may have the same features as the deflection distributor of the above-disclosed deflection distributor refitting kit.
In accordance with an embodiment of the roller crusher of this fourth aspect, the hydraulic system of the roller crusher comprises two hydraulic cylinders for each movable bearing on the respective sides of the second crusher roll, wherein each of the thrust rods is arranged between the two hydraulic cylinders on the respective side of the second crusher roll.
In accordance with an embodiment of the roller crusher of this fourth aspect, each of the thrust rods is arranged between the two hydraulic cylinders on the respective side of the second crusher roll, preferably midway between the two hydraulic cylinders on the respective side of the second crusher roll.
In accordance with an embodiment of the roller crusher of this fourth aspect, each of the levers is attached to a first end of a respective thrust rod such that a longitudinal axis of the lever is arranged substantially perpendicular to a longitudinal axis of the thrust rod.
In accordance with an embodiment of the roller crusher of this fourth aspect, said longitudinal axis of the lever passes through the central axis of the deflection distributing shaft and a pivotal point of the lever and the thrust rod.
In accordance with an embodiment of the roller crusher of this fourth aspect, one roll of the first and second crusher rolls has a flange attached to each end thereof, and which flange extends in a radial direction of the roll and has a height above an outer surface of the roll.
In accordance with an embodiment of the roller crusher of this fourth aspect, the flange comprises a feeding structure on the inside of the flange.
In accordance with an embodiment of the roller crusher of this fourth aspect, one deflection distributor is arranged at each crusher roll.
In accordance with an embodiment of the roller crusher of this fourth aspect, a control system is mounted, wherein said control system is configured to monitor a skew of the first and second crusher rolls and wherein the control system further being configured to reduce pressure in said hydraulic system on the first or second side in response to a determination that the skew exceeds a predefined threshold value.
According to a fifth aspect of the invention, there is provided a deflection distributor refitting kit for a roller crusher having a stationary roll and a movable roll that create a crushing gap therebetween, the movable roll having first and second ends. According to this aspect the deflection distributor refitting kit comprises first and second thrust rods each having a first end and a second end, wherein the second end of each of the thrust rods is coupled to one of the first or second ends of the movable roll for movement with the movable roll; first and second levers each connected to the first end of one of the first and second thrust rods; and a rotatable deflection distributing shaft connected between the first and second levers, wherein movement of the either of the first or second levers rotates the deflection distributing shaft and the other of the first or second levers, wherein the deflection distributing shaft comprises at least two interconnectable sub-shafts.
In accordance with other embodiments of the deflection distributor refitting kit of this fifth aspect, the deflection distributor may have the same features as disclosed for the deflection distributor of the first aspect of the present invention.
Similarly, and correspondingly to the refitting kit disclosed above, this refitting kit of this fifth aspect will provide substantial advantages over prior art solutions.
According to a sixth aspect of the invention, there is provided a method for controlling a roller crusher. The roller crusher comprises a frame and first and second crusher rolls which are arranged axially in parallel with each other. The first crusher roll is supported in bearing housings which are arranged in the frame and the second crusher roll is supported in bearing housings which are configured to be movable. The roller crusher further comprises an active hydraulic system which is configured to adjust the position of the second crusher roll and the crushing pressure between the two crusher rolls. The roller crusher also comprises a control system, the control system being configured to monitor a skew between the first and second crusher rolls and wherein the control system is further configured to reduce pressure in the hydraulic system on the first or second side in response to a determination that the skew exceeds a predefined threshold value. The method comprising the steps of
defining one or more threshold values for the skew between the crusher rolls;
monitoring the skew;
reducing a pressure in the hydraulic system on the first or the second side in response to a skew exceeding one or more of the defined threshold values.
Similarly, and correspondingly to the refitting kit and other aspects of the present invention, the roller crusher and the method of the present invention will provide substantial advantages over prior art solutions.
Other objectives, features and advantages of the present invention will appear from the following detailed disclosure, from the attached claims, as well as from the drawings. It is noted that the invention relates to all possible combinations of features. Especially, it is to be noted that all embodiments of any aspect of the invention can be applied correspondingly to all other aspects.
Generally, all terms used in the claims are to be interpreted according to their ordinary meaning in the technical field, unless explicitly defined otherwise herein. All references to “a/an/the [element, device, component, means, step, etc.]” are to be interpreted openly as referring to at least one instance of said element, device, component, means, step, etc., unless explicitly stated otherwise.
As used herein, the term “comprising” and variations of that term are not intended to exclude other additives, components, integers or steps.
As used herein, the term “rigid coupling” means a mechanical coupling, which mechanically interconnects the two sub-shafts to form the deflection distributing shaft. One example of a rigid connection is a bolt connection.
As used herein, the term “torsion safety release coupling” means a coupling which upon reaching a predetermined torsional load, releases the coupling between the sub-shafts.
As used herein, the term “hydraulic or pneumatic pressure coupling means a connection controlled by hydraulic or pneumatic pressure. Examples of such couplings are hydraulic shrink disk connections and pneumatic shrink disk connections.
The invention will be described in more detail and with reference to the appended drawings in which:
The present invention will now be described more fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which exemplifying embodiments of the invention are shown. The present invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided for thoroughness and completeness, and to fully convey the scope of the invention to the skilled addressee. Like reference characters refer to like elements throughout.
The deflection distributor refitting kit 100 according to the present invention is arrangeable at previously known roller crushers 1 as shown in
As can be seen in
Having the deflection distributing shaft 20 divided into at least two interconnected sub-shafts 201, 202 provides for easy maintenance and installation of the deflection distributor refitting kit 100 on a roller crusher 1. Further, having a safety coupling 203 arranged between the two sub-shafts 201, 202 provides for, in case of a major tramp event, that the safety coupling releases and the crusher roll is allowed to skew, which would of course probably cause damage to the flanges of the crusher rolls, but at least the structural elements of the trust rods 21, 21′, the end supports 11, 11′, and so forth.
In
In the embodiments shown in
The embodiment shown in
The end supports 11, 11′ are arranged to be easily mounted to the frame 2 of the roller crusher 1 at a first side 50 and a second side 50′ thereof, and may also be arranged to be coupled to at least one hydraulic cylinder 9, 9′ of the hydraulic system 10, 10′ of the roller crusher 1. In the embodiment shown in
The deflection distributor refitting kit 100 in
In an alternative embodiment the flanges are arranged on the second crusher roll 4, instead on the first crusher roll 3.
The deflection distributor kit 100 of
As stated above,
The skilled person realizes that a number of modifications of the embodiments described herein are possible without departing from the scope of the invention, which is defined in the appended claims.
When mounted in a roller crusher 1, the deflection distributor 100 according to the disclosed invention is idling (no force or pressure action) during balanced feed and uniform material feed distribution, and is only in operation during unstable feed situations, such as non-uniform material feed characteristics along the length of the crushing gap and/or non-crushable material entering off center within the crushing gap. Thus, the deflection distributor 100 is controlling each bearing housing deflection separately by manipulating the accumulator spring constant for the roller crusher keeping a constant feed pressure profile.
The deflection distributor 100 according to the disclosed invention provides the required instant parallel deflection response time to handle the non-uniform material feed characteristics along the length of the crushing gap.
Existing solutions within prior art for dealing with non-uniform feed characteristics and/or tramp comprise moving oil from one side to the other to compensate for skewing events developed by uneven feed by means of valves and pumps. However, these systems are not quick enough to limit the skewing to an acceptable level which allows for use of flanges on one of the crusher rolls and at the time preserving the shock absorbing spring effect without overloading or underloading the system. Further, when compensating for non-uniform feed characteristics, the hydraulic systems in these prior art solutions normally adjusts the second crusher roll 4 away from the center of the crushing gap, which decreases the crushing pressure and provides inadequate crushing within the roller crusher. This increases the amount of material which needs to be recirculated.
Keeping the crusher rolls in parallel and a more or less constant crusher pressure on the feed over the length of the crusher rolls as well as over time is key and important for a uniform production. Further, the inventive deflection distributor position and suspension in a roller crusher together with the design thereof minimizes the inertia and resulting forces from it during rapid movement of the second crusher roll 4.
Further, as is disclosed in the summary part the deflection distributor may also be arranged with a roller crusher having two crushing rolls being movable within the frame, and in such cases one deflection distributor may be arranged for each crusher roll. It is further possible to arrange the deflection distributor on a roller crusher having crushing rolls which have bearing housings which are pivotably movable relative to a frame. Further, it is possible to arrange mounts of the distributor refitting shaft on a separate stand in the proximity to an end side of a roller crusher frame holding a movable crusher roll instead of connecting it directly to the frame, and still attach the thrust rods to the movable bearing housings of the movable crusher roll.
The skilled person also realizes that the lever as described herein, should in general be interpreted as the function provided thereby. For example, it is possible to attach the first end of the thrust rod in an off-center manner to the deflection distributing shaft, thereby creating the required leverage. In general, the lever can be achieved in many ways by creating a distance between the attachment of the first end of the thrust rod and a rotational axis of the deflection distributing shaft.
The skilled person also realizes that the reduction of pressure in the hydraulic system as described in one embodiment herein, may refer to a partial pressure reduction only or to a total pressure release, as the requirements may be.
The skilled person realizes that the different embodiments described herein are compatible with each other and the advantages discussed herein with respect to the different embodiments are equally applicable when the embodiments are combined with each other. For example, the embodiments described with respect to the split shaft described in
| Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/US19/31500 | 5/9/2019 | WO | 00 |
