CRYSTALLINE FORMS OF PARP INHIBITORS

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present disclosure relates to crystalline forms of 4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-11-methoxy-2-[(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)methyl]-1H-cyclopenta[a]pyrrolo[3,4-c]carbazole-1,3(2H)-dione and salts thereof.

BACKGROUND

Compound A (4,5,6,7-Tetrahydro-11-methoxy-2-[(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)methyl]-1H-cyclopenta[a]pyrrolo[3,4-c]carbazole-1,3(2H)-dione) is a PARP (poly ADP-ribose polymerase) inhibitor for use in the treatment of breast, ovarian, and other cancers, either alone or in conjunction with chemotherapy or radiotherapy. See, e.g., U.S. Pat. Nos. 7,122,679; 8,716,493; and 8,633,314.

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Compound A is a prodrug of Compound B:

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The free base form of Compound A forms hydrates, which are undesirable. In addition, the free base form of Compound A has a low bulk density, impeding manufacturing. Alternative forms of Compound A are needed.

SUMMARY

The disclosure is directed to Compound A, acetate salt Form A_1.5; Compound A, glycolate salt hydrate Form A₁; Compound A, L-malate salt Form A₁; Compound A, L-malate salt Form A_1.5; Compound A, L-pyroglutamate salt Form A₁; Compound A, free base Form C₀; Compound A, hydrochloride salt Form A; Compound A, fumarate salt Form A; and Compound A, p-toluenesulfonate salt Form A. Pharmaceutical compositions comprising one or more of these forms are also described. Methods of using these forms is described, as well.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 shows an XRPD Pattern for Compound A Free Base, Form A₀.

FIG. 2 shows a DSC/TGA Overlay for Compound A Free Base, Form A₀.

FIG. 3 shows an XRPD Pattern of Compound A Acetate Salt, Form A_1.5.

FIG. 4 shows VT-XRPD Patterns of Compound A Acetate Salt, Form A_1.5—Requested Mode.

FIG. 5 shows VT-XRPD Patterns of Compound A Acetate Salt, Form A_1.5—Continuous Mode.

FIG. 6 shows a DSC and TGA Overlay of Compound A Acetate Salt, Form A_1.5.

FIG. 7 shows a DVS Overlay of Compound A Acetate Salt, Form A_1.5.

FIG. 8 shows a photomicrograph of Compound A Acetate Salt, Form A_1.5.

FIG. 9 shows an XRPD Pattern of Compound A Glycolate Salt Hydrate, Form A₁.

FIG. 10 shows thermal XRPD Patterns of Compound A Glycolate Salt Hydrate, Form A₁.

FIG. 11 shows a DSC and TGA Overlay of Compound A Glycolate Salt Hydrate, Form A₁.

FIG. 12 shows a DVS Overlay of Compound A Glycolate Salt Hydrate, Form A₁.

FIG. 13 shows a photomicrograph of Compound A Glycolate Salt Hydrate, Form A₁.

FIG. 14 shows an XRPD Pattern of Compound A L-Malate Salt, Form A₁.

FIG. 15 shows VT-XRPD Patterns of Compound A Malate Salt, Form A₁.

FIG. 16 shows a DSC and TGA Overlay of Compound A L-Malate Salt, Form A₁.

FIG. 17 shows a DVS of Compound A L-Malate Salt, Form A₁.

FIG. 18 shows a photomicrograph of Compound A L-Malate Salt, Form A₁.

FIG. 19 shows an XRPD Pattern of Compound A L-Malate Salt, Form A_1.5

FIG. 20 shows a DSC and TGA Overlay of Compound A L-Malate Salt, Form A_1.5.

FIG. 21 shows an XRPD Pattern of Compound A L-Pyroglutamate Salt, Form A₁.

FIG. 22 shows VT-XRPD Patterns of Compound A L-Pyroglutamate Salt, Form A₁.

FIG. 23 shows a DSC and TGA Overlay of Compound A L-Pyroglutamate Salt, Form A₁.

FIG. 24 shows a DVS of Compound A L-Pyroglutamate Salt, Form A₁.

FIG. 25 shows a photomicrograph of Compound A L-Pyroglutamate Salt, Form A₁.

FIG. 26 shows an XRPD Pattern of Compound A Free Base, Form C₀.

FIG. 27 shows thermal XRPD Patterns of Compound A Free Base, Form C₀.

FIG. 28 shows a DSC and TGA Overlay of Compound A Free Base, Form C₀.

FIG. 29 shows a photomicrograph of Compound A A Free Base, Form C₀.

FIG. 30 shows an XRPD Pattern of Compound A Hydrochloride Salt, Form A.

FIG. 31 shows a DSC and TGA Overlay of Compound A Hydrochloride Salt, Form A.

FIG. 32 shows a DVS of Compound A Hydrochloride Salt, Form A.

FIG. 33 shows an XRPD Pattern of Compound A Fumarate Salt, Form A.

FIG. 34 shows a DSC and TGA Overlay of Compound A Fumarate Salt, Form A.

FIG. 35 shows a XRPD Pattern of Compound A p-Toluenesulfonate Salt, Form A.

FIG. 36 shows a DSC and TGA Overlay of Compound A p-Toluenesulfonate Salt, Form A.

FIG. 37 shows plasma levels of Compound B, 1 mg/kg intravenous, Compound A, ascorbic acid salt, 30 mg/kg oral, and Compound A, glycolate hydrate salt, 30 mg/kg oral in rat.

FIG. 38 shows the single crystal structure of Compound A, glycolate hydrate salt.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF ILLUSTRATIVE EMBODIMENTS

The present disclosure addresses a need in the art by providing new forms of Compound A, including new crystalline free base forms of Compound A and new crystalline salt forms of Compound A.

The disclosure is directed to, among other things, Compound A, acetate salt Form A_1.5; Compound A, glycolate salt hydrate Form A₁; Compound A, L-malate salt Form A₁; Compound A, L-malate salt Form A_1.5; Compound A, L-pyroglutamate salt Form A₁; Compound A, free base Form C₀; Compound A, hydrochloride salt Form A; Compound A, fumarate salt Form A; and Compound A, p-toluenesulfonate salt Form A. Pharmaceutical compositions comprising one or more of these forms are also described.

In one embodiment, the present disclosure pertains to Compound A, acetate salt Form A_1.5. In one aspect, this crystalline form is characterized by an X-ray diffraction pattern comprising one or more of the following peaks: 6.4, 9.2, 12.7, 13.0, 15.2, 17.4, 18.4, 19.0, 19.3, 21.3, 21.5, 23.1, 24.1, 24.2, and/or 28.2±0.2 degrees 2-theta. In another aspect, this crystalline form comprises at least 3 of the foregoing peaks. In yet another aspect, this crystalline for comprises at least 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, or 10 of the foregoing peaks. In another aspect, this crystalline form has an X-ray powder diffraction pattern substantially as depicted in FIG. 3.

The disclosure is also directed to Compound A, glycolate hydrate salts. These salts can have varying amounts of water within the crystal structure. For example, the ratio of Compound A to water can be from about 1:0.1 to about 1:1. In other embodiments, the ratio of Compound A to water is 1:0.1; 1:0.2; 1:0.3; 1:0.4; 1:0.5; 1:0.6; 1:0.7; 1:0.8; 1:0.9 or 1:1.

Another embodiment of the present disclosure pertains to Compound A, glycolate hydrate salt Form A₁. In one aspect, this crystalline form is characterized by an X-ray diffraction pattern comprising one or more of the following peaks: 8.1, 8.2, 8.7, 13.9, 14.7, 14.9, 16.3, 17.4, 17.6, 18.2, 18.5, 19.0, 20.2, 20.6, 21.2, 21.4, 23.0, 24.5, 24.7, 26.1, 26.3, 28.0, 30.0, 30.1, 30.2, and/or 32.8±0.2 degrees 2-theta. In another aspect, this crystalline form comprises at least 3 of the foregoing peaks. In yet another aspect, this crystalline for comprises at least 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, or 10 of the foregoing peaks. In another aspect, this crystalline form has an X-ray powder diffraction pattern substantially as depicted in FIG. 9.

Yet another embodiment of the disclosure pertains to Compound A, L-malate salt Form A₁. In one aspect, this crystalline form is characterized by an X-ray diffraction pattern comprising one or more of the following peaks: 8.6, 9.2, 10.1, 10.4, 11.7, 11.9, 14.7, 15.3, 15.6, 17.2, 17.8, 18.5, 20.3, 20.7, 21.2, 22.4, 23.5, 24.3, and/or 27.0±0.2 degrees 2-theta. In another aspect, this crystalline form comprises at least 3 of the foregoing peaks. In yet another aspect, this crystalline for comprises at least 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, or 10 of the foregoing peaks. In another aspect, this crystalline form has an X-ray powder diffraction pattern substantially as depicted in FIG. 14.

In another embodiment, the disclosure pertains to Compound A, L-malate salt Form A_1.5. In one aspect, this crystalline form is characterized by an X-ray diffraction pattern comprising one or more of the following peaks: 5.5, 6.8, 8.0, 8.4, 8.8, 9.2, 11.8, 12.8, 13.1, 13.6, 14.4, 16.0, 16.7, 18.1, 18.5, 19.4, 20.2, 20.5, 21.1, 21.9, 23.4, and/or 24.6±0.2 degrees 2-theta. In another aspect, this crystalline form comprises at least 3 of the foregoing peaks. In yet another aspect, this crystalline for comprises at least 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, or 10 of the foregoing peaks. In another aspect, this crystalline form has an X-ray powder diffraction pattern substantially as depicted in FIG. 19.

Also described herein is Compound A, L-pyroglutamate salt Form A₁. In one aspect, this crystalline form is characterized by an X-ray diffraction pattern comprising one or more of the following peaks: 6.0, 9.6, 10.3, 10.5, 11.0, 12.0, 13.2, 15.0, 16.7, 17.5, 17.8, 18.0, 19.0, 20.8, 21.0, 21.1, 22.0, 22.1, 23.1, 23.4, 23.5, 24.8, and/or 26.6±0.2 degrees 2-theta. In another aspect, this crystalline form comprises at least 3 of the foregoing peaks. In yet another aspect, this crystalline for comprises at least 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, or 10 of the foregoing peaks. In another aspect, this crystalline form has an X-ray powder diffraction pattern substantially as depicted in FIG. 21.

The present disclosure also pertains to Compound A, free base Form C₀. In one aspect, this crystalline form is characterized by an X-ray diffraction pattern comprising one or more of the following peaks: 8.5, 8.8, 13.9, 14.4, 15.4, 17.6, 18.1, 18.5, 19.2, 19.7, 20.4, 21.1, 21.4, 21.9, 23.6, 24.6, 29.4 and/or 30.1±0.2 degrees 2-theta. In another aspect, this crystalline form comprises at least 3 of the foregoing peaks. In yet another aspect, this crystalline for comprises at least 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, or 10 of the foregoing peaks. In another aspect, this crystalline form has an X-ray powder diffraction pattern substantially as depicted in FIG. 27.

Another embodiment of the present disclosure pertains to Compound A, hydrochloride salt Form A. In one aspect, this crystalline form is characterized by an X-ray diffraction pattern comprising one or more of the following peaks: 7.5, 8.6, 12.2, 17.1, 18.8, 18.9, 22.3, 24.5, 25.6, 26.1, 33.5, and/or 34.1±0.2 degrees 2-theta. In another aspect, this crystalline form comprises at least 3 of the foregoing peaks. In yet another aspect, this crystalline for comprises at least 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, or 10 of the foregoing peaks. In another aspect, this crystalline form has an X-ray powder diffraction pattern substantially as depicted in FIG. 30.

Yet another embodiment of the present disclosure pertains to Compound A, fumarate salt Form A. In one aspect, this crystalline form is characterized by an X-ray diffraction pattern comprising one or more of the following peaks: 9.0, 10.5, 11.1, 14.9, 17.1, 17.7, 19.3, 21.1, 22.3, 22.9, 23.5, 24.0, 24.2, 25.7, 25.9, 27.3, 29.0, and/or 31.1±0.2 degrees 2-theta. In another aspect, this crystalline form comprises at least 3 of the foregoing peaks. In yet another aspect, this crystalline for comprises at least 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, or 10 of the foregoing peaks. In another aspect, this crystalline form has an X-ray powder diffraction pattern substantially as depicted in FIG. 33.

And yet another embodiment of the present disclosure pertains to Compound A, p-toluenesulfonate salt Form A. In one aspect, this crystalline form is characterized by an X-ray diffraction pattern comprising one or more of the following peaks: 6.0, 9.6, 10.3, 10.5, 11.0, 12.0, 12.9, 13.2, 15.0, 16.7, 17.0, 17.5, 17.8, 18.0, 19.0, 20.8, 21.0, 21.1, 22.1, 22.7, 23.1, 23.4, 23.5, 24.8, and/or 26.6±0.2 degrees 2-theta. In another aspect, this crystalline form comprises at least 3 of the foregoing peaks. In yet another aspect, this crystalline for comprises at least 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, or 10 of the foregoing peaks. In another aspect, this crystalline form has an X-ray powder diffraction pattern substantially as depicted in FIG. 35.

In some embodiments, the polymorphic forms of the disclosure are substantially free of any other polymorphic forms, or of specified polymorphic forms. In any embodiment of the present invention, by “substantially free” is meant that the forms of the present invention contain 20% (w/w) or less, 10% (w/w) or less, 5% (w/w) or less, 2% (w/w) or less, particularly 1% (w/w) or less, more particularly 0.5% (w/w) or less, and most particularly 0.2% (w/w) or less of either any other polymorphs, or of a specified polymorph or polymorphs. In other embodiments, the polymorphs of the disclosure contain from 1% to 20% (w/w), from 5% to 20% (w/w), or from 5% to 10% (w/w) of any other polymorphs or of a specified polymorph or polymorphs.

The salts and solid state forms of the present invention have advantageous properties including at least one of: high crystallinity, solubility, dissolution rate, morphology, thermal and mechanical stability to polymorphic conversion and/or to dehydration, storage stability, low content of residual solvent, a lower degree of hygroscopicity, flowability, and advantageous processing and handling characteristics such as compressibility, and bulk density.

A crystal form may be referred to herein as being characterized by graphical data “as substantially depicted in” a Figure. Such data include, for example, powder X-ray diffractograms. The skilled person will understand that such graphical representations of data may be subject to small variations, e.g., in peak relative intensities and peak positions due to factors such as variations in instrument response and variations in sample concentration and purity, which are well known to the skilled person. Nonetheless, the skilled person would readily be capable of comparing the graphical data in the Figures herein with graphical data generated for an unknown crystal form and confirm whether the two sets of graphical data are characterizing the same crystal form or two different crystal forms.

The term “amorphous,” as used herein, means lacking a characteristic crystal shape or crystalline structure.

The term “crystalline,” as used herein, means having a regularly repeating arrangement of molecules or external face planes.

The term “crystalline form,” as used in herein, refers to a solid chemical compound or mixture of compounds that provides a characteristic pattern of peaks when analyzed by x-ray powder diffraction; this includes, but is not limited to, polymorphs, solvates, hydrates, co-crystals, and de-solvated solvates.

The term “polymorphic” or “polymorphism” is defined as the possibility of at least two different crystalline arrangements for the same chemical molecule.

The term “solution,” as used herein, refers to a mixture containing at least one solvent and at least one compound at least partially dissolved in the solvent.

The term “pharmaceutically acceptable excipients,” as used herein, includes any and all solvents, dispersion media, coatings, antibacterial and antifungal agents, isotonic and absorption delaying agents and the like. The use of such media and agents for pharmaceutical active substances is well known in the art, such as in Remington: The Science and Practice of Pharmacy, 20th ed.; Gennaro, A. R., Ed.; Lippincott Williams & Wilkins: Philadelphia, Pa., 2000. Except insofar as any conventional media or agent is incompatible with the active ingredient, its use in the therapeutic compositions is contemplated. Supplementary active ingredients can also be incorporated into the compositions.

The pharmaceutical compositions of the present invention may be used in a variety of ways, including but not limited to the enhancement of the anti-tumor activity of radiation or DNA-damaging chemotherapeutic agents (Griffin, R. J.; Curtin, N. J.; Newell, D. R.; Golding, B. T.; Durkacz. B. W.; Calvert, A. H. The role of inhibitors of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase as resistance-modifying agents in cancer therapy. Biochemie 1995, 77, 408).

For therapeutic purposes, the crystalline forms of the present invention can be administered by any means that results in the contact of the active agent with the agent's site of action in the body of the subject. The crystalline forms may be administered by any conventional means available for use in conjunction with pharmaceuticals, either as individual therapeutic agents or in combination with other therapeutic agents, such as, for example, analgesics. The crystalline forms of the present invention are preferably administered in therapeutically effective amounts for the treatment of the diseases and disorders described herein to a subject in need thereof.

In therapeutic or prophylactic use, the crystalline forms of the present invention may be administered by any route that drugs are conventionally administered. Such routes of administration include intraperitoneal, intravenous, intramuscular, subcutaneous, intrathecal, intracheal, intraventricular, oral, buccal, rectal, parenteral, intranasal, transdermal or intradermal. Administration may be systemic or localized.

The crystalline forms described herein may be administered in pure form, combined with other active ingredients, or combined with pharmaceutically acceptable nontoxic excipients or carriers. Oral compositions will generally include an inert diluent carrier or an edible carrier. Pharmaceutically compatible binding agents, and/or adjuvant materials can be included as part of the composition. Tablets, pills, capsules, troches and the like can contain any of the following ingredients, or compounds of a similar nature: a binder such as microcrystalline cellulose, gum tragacanth or gelatin; an excipient such as starch or lactose, a dispersing agent such as alginic acid, Primogel, or corn starch; a lubricant such as magnesium stearate; a glidant such as colloidal silicon dioxide; a sweetening agent such as sucrose or saccharin; or a flavoring agent such as peppermint, methyl salicylate, or orange flavoring. When the dosage unit form is a capsule, it can contain, in addition to material of the above type, a liquid carrier such as a fatty oil. In addition, dosage unit forms can contain various other materials that modify the physical form of the dosage unit, for example, coatings of sugar, shellac, or enteric agents. Further, a syrup may contain, in addition to the active compounds, sucrose as a sweetening agent and certain preservatives, dyes, colorings, and flavorings.

Alternative preparations for administration include sterile aqueous or nonaqueous solutions, suspensions, and emulsions. Examples of nonaqueous solvents are dimethylsulfoxide, alcohols, propylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, vegetable oils such as olive oil and injectable organic esters such as ethyl oleate. Aqueous carriers include mixtures of alcohols and water, buffered media, and saline. Intravenous vehicles include fluid and nutrient replenishers, electrolyte replenishers, such as those based on Ringer's dextrose, and the like. Preservatives and other additives may also be present such as, for example, antimicrobials, anti-oxidants, chelating agents, inert gases, and the like.

Preferred methods of administration of the crystalline forms to mammals include intraperitoneal injection, intramuscular injection, and intravenous infusion. Various liquid formulations are possible for these delivery methods, including saline, alcohol, DMSO, and water based solutions. The concentration may vary according to dose and volume to be delivered and can range from about 1 to about 1000 mg/mL. Other constituents of the liquid formulations can include preservatives, inorganic salts, acids, bases, buffers, nutrients, vitamins, or other pharmaceuticals such as analgesics or additional PARP and kinase inhibitors.

Having thus described the invention with reference to particular preferred embodiments and illustrative examples, those in the art can appreciate modifications to the invention as described and illustrated that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the invention as disclosed in the specification. The Examples are set forth to aid in understanding the invention but are not intended to, and should not be construed to limit its scope in any way.

EXAMPLES

Solvents used in the following examples were of reagent-grade quality and were used without further purification. Known forms of Compound A are indicated by A₀and B₀for anhydrous material and H_dfor hydrate.

X-Ray Powder Diffraction (XRPD).

Standard Reflection Mode Measurements:

Powder X-ray diffraction patterns were recorded on a PANalytical X Pert Pro diffractometer equipped with an X′celerator detector using CuK_α radiation at 45 kV and 40 mA. K_α1radiation was obtained with a highly oriented crystal (Ge111) incident beam monochromator. A 10 mm beam mask, and fixed (¼°) divergence and anti-scatter (⅛°) slits were inserted on the incident beam side. A fixed 5 mm receiving slit and a 0.04 radian Soller block were inserted on the diffracted beam side. The X-ray powder pattern scan was collected from ca. 2 to 40° 2θ with a 0.0080° step size and 96.06 sec counting time which resulted in a scan rate of approximately 0.5°/min. The sample was spread on silicon zero background (ZBG) plate for the measurement. The sample was rotated using a PANalytical PW3064 Spinner (15 revolutions/min.).

Measurement of the Si reference standard before the data collection resulted in values for 2θ and intensity that were well within the tolerances of 28.44<2θ<28.50 and significantly greater than the minimum peak height of 150 cps.

SCXRD—Single Crystal X-ray Diffraction:

For data collection, a piece (0.12×0.04×0.03 mm3) was broken from a clump of about three or four separate pieces to give an apparently single crystal. The crystal was mounted on a fine glass fiber with the aid of polyisobutene oil (also known as PARATONE) onto a Bruker-Nonius X8 Proteum diffractometer attached to a Nonius FR-591 rotating anode (CuKa) with ‘Helios’ focusing optics. The crystal was maintained at 90K throughout with a CryoCool LT2 from CryoIndustries of America. Diffraction images for indexing clearly showed split reflections, consistent with either cracking or twinning, but with spot components that were close enough to be integrated together. The relative intensities of pairs of split reflections suggested that cracking was more likely than twinning.

The crystal was indexed from the reflections found in 72 diffraction images (six sets of twelve 0.5° frames). Data collection consisted of 1485 2° frames in 15 scans at three detector swing angles (two 360° φ-scans at −40° in 2θ, three 90° ω-scans at −45° in 2θ, four 360° φ-scans at −96° in 2θ and six 90° ω-scans at −96° in 2θ) sufficient to cover reciprocal space for an arbitrarily oriented triclinic crystal to a resolution of 0.83 Å with four-fold redundancy. Data were integrated, scaled, averaged and merged using the programs in the APEX2 package from Bruker-AXS. Final cell parameters were derived from the output diagnostics of the integration process. The structure was solved by standard direct methods using SHELXS and refined using SHELXL, both from the SHELX97 package. Diagrams were drawn using XP from the SHELXTL suite and with Mercury from the CCDC. Additional molecular graphics and void calculation were done with Platon.

Positional and anisotropic displacement parameters of all non-hydrogen atoms were refined. The H atoms were located in a difference Fourier's map, but those attached to carbon atoms were repositioned geometrically. The H atoms were initially refined with soft restraints on the bond lengths and angles to regularize their geometry (C—H in the range 0.93-0.98 and N—H to 0.86 Å) and Uiso(H) (in the range 1.2-1.5 times Ueq of the parent atom), after which the positions were refined with riding constraints.

Default Reitveld refinement of the single crystal unit cell parameters against the measured XRPD pattern gave a good fit with no unexplained peaks.

Variable Temperature X-Ray Powder Diffraction (VT-XRPD):

Variable temperature studies were performed with an Anton Paar CHC temperature/humidity chamber under computer control through an Anton Paar TCU110 temperature control unit.

Typically the measurements were done with a nitrogen flow through the camera. Two measurement schemes were used, restricted and continuous. In the restricted mode, measurements were made, only after the CHC chamber reached the requested temperature. In the continuous mode, the sample was heated at 10° C./minute and fast scans were measured as the temperature changed. In both cases, after the requested temperature was reached, the sample was cooled at 35° C./minute and a slow scan was measured at 25° C. The slow 20 scans were collected from ca. 3 to 30° or 40° with a 0.0080° step size and 100.97 sec counting time which resulted in a scan rate of approximately 0.5°/min. The fast scans were collected from ca. 3 to 30° 2θ with a 0.0167° step size and 1.905 sec counting time which resulted in a scan rate of approximately 44°/min.

The temperatures chosen were based on DSC results.

For the diffractometer set-up a 10 mm beam mask, 0.04 radian Soller slits, and fixed (¼°) divergence and anti-scatter (⅛°) slits were inserted on the incident beam side. A fixed 5 mm receiving slit, 0.04 radian Soller slits and a 0.02 mm Nickel filter were inserted on the diffracted beam side.

Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC):

Thermal curves were acquired using a Perkin-Elmer Sapphire DSC unit equipped with an autosampler running Pyris software version 6.0 calibrated with Indium prior to analysis. Solid samples of 1-10 mg were weighed into 20 μL aluminum pin hole sample pans. The DSC cell was then purged with nitrogen and the temperature heated from 0 to 270° C. at 10° C./min. Indium (T_m=156.6° C.; ΔH_FUS=28.45 J g⁻¹) was used for calibration.

Modulated Differential Scanning Calorimetry (MDSC):

Thermal curves were acquired using a TA Q200 Modulated DSC unit. Solid samples of 5-20 mg were weighed into 50 μL aluminum pinhole hermetically sealed pans. The MDSC cell was then purged with nitrogen and the temperature heated at 2° C./min from 0° C. to 350° C. at 2° C./min with a modulation amplitude of +/−1° C. over a 60 second period.

Thermogravimetric Mass Spectrometry (TGA/MS):

Thermal curves were acquired using a Perkin-Elmer Pyris 1 TGA unit running Pyris software version 6.0 calibrated with alumel (95% nickel, 2% manganese, 2% aluminum and 1% silicon), nickel and calcium oxalate monohydrate. TGA samples between 1-5 mg were monitored for percent weight loss as heated from 25 to 250° C. at 10° C./min in a furnace purged with Helium at ca. 50 mL/min. To simultaneously follow the evolution of the gaseous decomposition products over the temperature range investigated, the thermobalance was connected to a ThermoStar Quadrupole Mass Spectrometer (Asslar, Germany). The transfer line to introduce gaseous decomposition products into the mass spectrometer was a deactivated fused silica capillary (SGE Analytical science, Fused Silica (100% Methyl Deactivated), 220 mm OD, 150 mm ID, Australia) temperature controlled to 200° C. to avoid possible condensation of the evolved gases. In this way the TGA weight loss and the mass spectrometric ion intensity curves of the selected ionic species could be recorded simultaneously.

Dynamic Vapor Sorption (DVS):

DVS experiments have been carried out using the DVS-HT instrument (Surface Measurement Systems, London, UK). This instrument measures the uptake and loss of vapor gravimetrically using a recording ultra-microbalance with a mass resolution of ±0.1 μg. The vapor partial pressure (±1.0%) around the sample is controlled by mixing saturated and dry carrier gas streams using electronic mass flow controllers. The desired temperature is maintained at ±0.1° C. The samples (1-10 mg) were placed into the DVS-HT and DVS-1 instruments at the desired temperature.

The sample was loaded and unloaded at 40% RH and 25° C. (typical room conditions). A moisture sorption isotherm was performed as outlined below (2 scans giving 1 complete cycle). The software uses a least squares minimization procedure together with a model of the mass relaxation, to predict an asymptotic value. The measured mass equilibration value must be within 2% of that predicted by the software before proceeding to the next % RH value. The minimum equilibration time was set to 1 hour and the maximum to 4 hours.

Optical Microscopy:

Microscopic observation of the sample morphology was performed using an Olympus B60 polarized light microscope. Samples were suspended in mineral oil and compressed on a glass slide with a cover slip prior to observation. Images were taken with a FW-24 (PAX CAM) camera. A 10× objective coupled with an additional 10× magnification from the microscope optics gave a total magnification of 100×. PAX-it software (Version 6.2) was used to capture and analyze the images.

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (¹H-NMR):

The stoichiometry of the salts were determined by ¹H-NMR spectroscopy using a Bruker DPX400 instrument running under conditions optimized to give the best available spectrum for each sample. Each sample (2-4 mg) was dissolved in 0.75 mL DMSO-d6 and spectrum obtained in thin walled glass tubes (4×14 mm).

Identity, Assay, and Purity by HPLC

Equipment:

Testing was performed on a calibrated and validated Agilent 1200 Rapid Resolution High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) system designated LC-0430-AD or LC-418-1D. The system comprises a binary SL pump, degasser, high performance autosampler SL with a fraction collector, thermostated column compartment with a 2 valve column switcher, and a DAD SL detector. All standard solutions and samples were prepared in Class A glass volumetric flasks and were placed in autosampler vials. Standard weighings were done using a calibrated Mettler analytical balance. The sample preparations were centrifuged using an Eppendorf microcentrifuge. The primary chromatography data was acquired and integrated using Empower 2 software. Microsoft Office Excel 2003 was used for the calculation of results.

Reagents:

Acetonitrile was obtained from CCI. Trifluoroacetic acid was obtained from EMD. HPLC grade water (18 MΩ·cm) was obtained from the laboratory Barnstead Nanopure system UPW-0403-AD located in laboratory A211. Compounds A and B were prepared as previously described.

Instrument Parameters:

Column: Zorbax Eclipse XDB-C18, 100 × 3.0 mm ID, 1.8μ packing

Detector: UV/vis @ 290 nm

Column Temperature: 25° C.

Flow Rate: 0.64 mL/min

Mobile Phase A: 0.1% TFA in water

Mobile Phase B: 0.1% TFA in ACN

Gradient:

Time (min)
Mobile Phase A (%)
Mobile Phase B (%)

0
75
25

10
55
45

12
5
95

13
5
95

13.1
75
25

16.7
75
25

Solid State Stability of Salts at 40° C. and 75% Humidity:

Samples of the form to be studied (15-20 mg) were weighed into standard 1.5 mL HPLC vials (32×11.6 mm) and stored uncapped for 0, 7, 14 and 28 days in a 40° C. and 75% RH stability chamber. Samples were removed on the indicated day and capped. Measurements of XRPD, DSC, TGA and HPLC Identity by Purity and Assay measurements were completed on each time point sample.

Estimation of Water Solubility:

Ten mg portions of the salt forms to be studied were weighed into a standard 1.5 mL HPLC vial (32×11.6 mm). A stir bar and 100 μL of water were added to each vial. The samples were capped and stirred for 5-10 minutes. If a clear solution was not obtained by visual inspection, an additional 100-300 μL portion of water was added and stirred. This process was repeated until the sample dissolved or until 1000 μL of water was added. An estimation of solubility was based on the volume of water necessary to dissolve the known weight of sample. The results from these measurements are presented in Table 11.

TABLE 1

Estimated Water Solubility and HPLC analyses of Salts with One Equivalent of

Acid in Acetone by Slow Cooling

Measured

Estimated
COMPOUND
Calculated
Calculated

Sample
Acid
Water Solubility
A, %
Di Salt, %
Mono Salt, %

13-3
Acetic
50-100
mg/mL
72.2
77.0
87.5

13-4
Fumaric
<10
mg/mL
1.9

13-5
Glycolic
<10
mg/mL^!
72.0
73.2
84.5

13-6
L-Malic
>100
mg/mL
68.3
61.0
75.8

13-7
Phosphoric
50-100
mg/mL
5.9
68.4
81.2

13-8
L-Pyroglutamic
>100
mg/mL
56.0
61.8
76.4

13-9
p-Toluenesulfonic
<10
mg/mL
42.7
54.9
70.8

13-10
Hydrochloric
10-20
mg/mL
39.8
85.1
92.0

Example 1. Salts with Two Equivalents of Acid in Acetone by Maturation

200 mg of Compound A (0.478 mmoles) was dissolved with warming and stirring in each of five-20 mL scintillation vials in 15 mL of acetone. 1.95 equivalents of acetic, glycolic, L-malic, or L-malic (1 Eq., 0.48 mmoles) acids were added to the clear Compound A solutions. As soon as these acids were added, the clear solutions became cloudy and began crystallizing. The vials were subject to two cycles of maturation on the HEL unit. Each cycle of maturation consisted of heating to 50° C. over a period of one hour, holding at 50° C. for four hours, cooling over a period of one hour to 5° C., and holding at 5° C. for four hours. The solid was isolated by suction filtration and solid dried overnight at 50° C. and house vacuum (˜200 mm) to give yellow solids. The results are presented in Table 2.

TABLE 2

Estimated

TGA,
Water

Sample
Acid
XRPD
DSC, ° C.
%
Solubility.

39-1(2)
Acetic
A_1.5
185.2
24.4
~25 mg/mL

39-2(2)
Glycolic
A₁
68.9, 205.4
4.8
>100 mg/mL

39-3(2)
L-Malic
A₁
186.4
3.6
>100 mg/mL

39-5(2)
L-Malic (1 eq.)
A₁+ C₀
186.5
1.0
>100 mg/mL

Example 2. Acid Screening (Two Equivalents) in Acetone Using Quick Cooling

To seven HPLC vials containing a stirring bar and 1.5 mL of Compound A solution (13.3 mg/mL), the quantities of acids to give two equivalents (0.096 mmoles) were weighed or added by pipette. The samples were capped and heated to the boiling point and then chilled overnight in the refrigerator at 2-8° C. The solid was isolated by suction filtration and solid dried overnight at 50° C. and house vacuum (˜200 mm) to give yellow solids. The results are presented in Table 3.

TABLE 3

Estimated

Water

Sample
Acid
XRPD
DSC, ° C.
TGA, %
Solubility.

31-1
Acetic
A_1.5
181.3
22.6
~25 mg/mL

31-2
Glycolic
A₁
205.4
4.8
>100 mg/mL

31-3
L-Malic
A_1.5
160.4
3.6
>100 mg/mL

31-4
L-Pyroglutamic
A₁
196.4
4.4
>100 mg/mL

31-5
L-Malic(1 eq.)
C₀
206.4
2.7
~25 mg/mL

Example 3. Salts with Two Equivalents of Acid in Acetone by Slurry Conversion

400 mg of Compound A (0.956 mmoles) was slurried with warming and stirring in each of five 20 mL glass scintillation vials with 18 mL of acetone. Two equivalents of acetic, glycolic, L-malic, L-pyroglutamic or L-malic (1 Eq. (0.956 mmoles) acids were added to the COMPOUND A suspension in each vial. These mixtures were capped and warmed to near the boiling point. In all cases a heavy yellow solid was noted. The samples were allowed to cool to ambient temperature on the laboratory bench and chilled overnight in the refrigerator at 2-8° C. The solid was isolated by suction filtration and the product dried overnight at 50° C. and house vacuum (˜200 mm) to give yellow solids. The results are presented in Table 4.

TABLE 4

Estimated

TGA,
Water

Sample
Acid
XRPD
DSC, ° C.
%
Solubility.

39-1
Acetic
A_1.5
185.4, split
2.1
~50 mg/mL

peak

39-2
Glycolic
A₁
77.4, 209.0
1.9
<10 mg/mL

39-3
L-Malic
A₁
193.3
3.6
>100 mg/mL

39-4
L-Pyroglutamic
A₁
50.4, 198.2
3.5
>100 mg/mL

39-5
L-Malic (1 eq.)
A₁+ C₀
192.2
1.0
>100 mg/mL

Example 4. Acid Screening (Two Equivalents) in Acetone-Maturation

240 mg of Compound A (0.574 mmoles) in 18 mL of acetone and warmed with stirring by a magnetic stirring bar to dissolve. This solution was dispensed equally to 12 1.5 mL HPLC vials.

To each of 5 vials containing an aliquot of the Compound A solution and a stirring bar, the quantities of acid to give two equivalents (0.096 mmoles) were weighed or added by pipette. The samples were capped and subject to two cycles of maturation on the HEL unit. Each cycle of maturation consisted of heating to 50° C. over a period of one hour, holding at 50° C. for four hours, cooling over a period of one hour to 5° C., and holding at 5° C. for four hours. The solid was isolated by suction filtration and solid dried overnight at 50° C. and house vacuum (˜200 mm) to give yellow solids. The results are presented in Table 5.

TABLE 5

Estimated

TGA,
Water

Sample
Acid
XRPD
DSC, ° C.
%
Solubility.

30-1
Acetic
A_1,5
187.7, 334.1
21.7
~20 mg/mL

30-2
Glycolic
A₁
206.6
3.2
>100 mg/mL

30-3
L-Malic
A₁
190.2
1.5
>100 mg/mL

30-4
L-Pyroglutamic
A₁
197.5
1.8
>100 mg/mL

30-5
L-Malic (1 eq.)
C₀
207.3
2.2
~25 mg/mL

Example 5. One Equivalent in Acetone-Slow Cooling

A solution of 240 mg of Compound A (0.57 mmoles) was prepared in 12 mL of acetone and warmed with stirring to dissolve. Twelve equal aliquots of this solution will give 20 mg (0.0478 mmoles) of Compound A in 1 mL of acetone in each vial. The weight of acid corresponding to 1.05 equivalents (0.06 mmoles) of acid was weighed or added by pipette if liquid to 12 1.5 mL HPLC vials. To each vial one of the aliquots of Compound A was added. The vials were capped and warmed with stirring to mix and subject to 2 cycles of slow cooling on the HEL unit. Each cycle of slow cooling on the HEL unit consisted of heating over a period of 1 hour to 80° C. holding for 1 hour at 80° C. and then cooling over a period of 5 hours to 5° C. and holding at 5° C. for 16-18 hours. Solid was isolated by suction filtration and samples were dried at 50° C. overnight at house vacuum (˜200 mm). The results are presented in Table 6.

TABLE 6

TGA

Sample
Acid
DSC ° C.
%

1
Acetic
171.6
9.9

2
L-Aspartic
145.8, 191.2, 219.8, 240.5,
1.3

258.5

3
Ethanesulfonic
61.2, 193.6, EXO 199.8, 258.7
0.2

4
Fumaric
177.1
0.4

5
Glycolic
207.0
0.4

6
L-Malic
63.1, 198.6
1.5

7
Phosphoric
54.4
3.6

8
L-Pyroglutamic
199.6
0.4

9
Sulfuric (0.5 eq)
69.5, 201.0
3.7

10
L-Tartaric
66.0, 162.4
3.2

11
p-Toluenesulfonic
205.9
0.3

12
Hydrochloric (EtOH)
67.0, 234.3
0.9

*EXO = exotherm

Example 6. Preparation of Ascorbate Salt

200 mg of Compound A (0.478 mmoles) was weighed into a 20 mL glass scintillation vial with a stirring bar followed by 88.4 mg (0.503 mmoles, 1.05 equivalents) of ascorbic acid (J.T. Baker Anhydrous Lot B36597). 2.5 ml of 2,2,2-trifluoroethanol was added by pipette and the sample was warmed. The slurry that formed was subject to 2 cycles of slow cooling on the HEL unit. Each cycle of slow cooling on the HEL unit consisted of heating over a period of 1 hour to 80° C., holding for 1 hour at 80° C., and then cooling over a period of 5 hours to 5° C. and holding at 5° C. for 16-18 hours. Solid was isolated by suction filtration and samples were dried at 50° C. overnight at house vacuum (˜200 mm) to give 142 mg of yellow solid (49% yield). The crystalline product was analyzed by HPLC and gave 96.2% of Compound B and 0.8% of Compound A. The structure of the Compound B salt was confirmed by ¹H-NMR.

Compound A, Free Base, Form A₀

XRPD

The XRPD is depicted in FIG. 1.

Thermal Analysis

Thermal data is depicted in FIG. 2.

Compound A, Acetate Salt, Form A_1.5

Preparation

The salt was prepared according to the procedure in Example 1.

XRPD

The X-ray diffraction data for the acetate salt, Form A_1.5, is given in FIG. 3 and Table 7. Variable temperature XRPD measurements in requested mode (165° C. and 200° C.) showed two changes in Form—from the acetate to Form B₀and then conversion to Form A₀. In continuous mode, using one minute scans from 5.5° to 11.5° and a 1° C./minute temperature ramp, three changes in form were noted, acetate to Freebase B₀, B₀to A₀and A₀to amorphous (FIG. 4). The acetate slowly converts to freebase Form B₀over the temperature range 91° C. to 130° C. The form changes from B₀to A₀between 197° C. and 200° C. (FIG. 5).

TABLE 7

XRPD Peaks for the Acetate Salt, Form A_1.5

No.
Pos. [2θ°]*
d-spacing [Å]
Rel. Int.[%]

1

6.41

13.777

100

2
9.21
9.599
6

3
12.42
7.123
1

4
12.71
6.961
4

5
13.02
6.796
4

6
13.22
6.694
1

7
14.72
6.012
1

8
15.22
5.817
2

9
17.41
5.089
2

10
18.00
4.924
1

11
18.36
4.828
2

12
18.47
4.799
1

13
19.02
4.661
6

14
19.26
4.605
5

15
21.11
4.205
1

16
21.30
4.169
2

17
21.53
4.124
3

18
21.70
4.092
1

19
23.10
3.847
3

20
23.90
3.720
1

21
24.07
3.694
2

22
24.18
3.678
2

23
24.33
3.655
1

24
25.50
3.490
1

25
26.09
3.412
1

26
26.21
3.397
1

27
28.15
3.167
2

28
28.25
3.157
1

*The use of ZBG or glass plates typically introduces a positive sample height displacement and results in small (0.05° to 0.2°) offset in 2θ values. The highest peak (intensity 100%) is set in bold letters.

Thermal Analysis

The DSC curve of the acetate salt, Form A_1.5, shows the presence of one endothermic/degradation peak; at 185.4° C. having a ΔH_Fusof 172.0 J/g (FIG. 6). The acetate salt had a weight loss of 29.5% between 25 and 150° C.

Water Sorption

The DVS plot in FIG. 7 indicates that the sample appears to be saturated from the onset. There is a steady weight loss during the drying curves with no equilibration reached. The sample was dried at 0% RH for 4 hours for each cycle. There were 4 cycles run, showing a continuing weight loss. The experiment was repeated on another DVS unit and showed similar results.

¹H-NMR Spectoscopy

The ¹H-NMR spectrum showed all of the peaks expected for Compound A. The peak at about 7.5 ppm was normalized to the one aromatic proton expected to absorb in this region. The remainder of the peaks associated with Compound A then followed in the proper ratio. For the acetate salt, only one peak is expected at 1.9-2.0 ppm. This peak should integrate for 3 protons. Instead, it showed about 4.5 protons, about 1.5 acetic acid molecules per Compound A molecule.

Stability

The data is given in Table 8 for the aging of the acetate salt, Form A_1.5, at 40° C. and 75% RH. The XRPD, changes throughout the 28 day test period. The TGA and Compound A Assay values are probably reflecting loss of acetic acid as seen in the thermal and XRPD work cited above. DSC, HPLC Purity and Compound B assay are relatively constant during the study. A monoacetate salt should assay as 87.5% Compound A. A diacetate salt should Assay as 77.7% Compound A. The values in Table 8, suggest that the salt is changing composition as it aged. The ¹H-NMR measured 1.5 molecules of acetic acid per molecule of Compound A. The XRPD pattern showed peaks for a hydrate Compound A Free Base, Form H_a. Possibly as the sample aged the excess acetic acid volatilized. The volatility of acetic acid and the changing XRPD pattern suggest that another candidate be chosen.

TABLE 8

Stability at 40° C. and 75% RH of the Acetate Salt, Form A_1.5

COM-
COM-

POUND
POUND
HPLC

DSC,
TGA,
A Assay,
B Assay,
Purity,

Day
XRPD
° C.
%
%
%
%

0
A_1.5
54.7,
21.5
78.1
0.2
99.7

180.3

Split

Peak

7
Shows hydrate
117.4°
20.0
70.2
0.1
99.6

forming
179.9

14
Shows hydrate
132.6,
16.1
84.2
0.2
99.5

forming
181.5

28
Shows hydrate,
126.4,
9.6
90.9
0.3
99.6

H_dforming
163.6,

197.9

Optical Microscopy

The sample as shown in FIG. 8 presented agglomerates of irregular shaped crystals. The sampled showed birefringence under plane-polarized light.

Compound A, Glycolate Salt Hydrate, Form A₁

Preparation

The salt was prepared according to Example 1.

XRPD

The X-ray diffraction data for the glycolate hydrate salt, Form A₁, is given in FIG. 9 and Table 9. Overlaid scans for variable temperature XRPD measurements are shown in FIG. 10. The initial XRPD pattern compared to glycolate hydrate Form A₁. There was no change on exposure to a dry N₂atmosphere. During the one hour slow scan measurement at 175° C., the pattern changed. There is an increase in peak intensities on heating from 175° C. to 225° C. It did not compare to known Compound A freebase patterns. The sample on the plate at the end of the measurements was a dark brown powder which did not have the appearance of passing through a melt. The patterns observed after heating to 175° C. and 225° C. partially compares to Compound B. This is consistent with the DSC which shows changes after 130° C. and a melt at 205° C. Both the VT-XRPD and the DSC were consistent with the loss of glycolic acid and conversion to Compound B.

TABLE 9

XRPD Peaks for the Glycolate Hydrate Salt, Form A₁

Position

d-spacing
Height
Rel. Int.

Pos. [°2θ]
calc.
h
k
l
[Å]
[cts]
[%]

8.12
8.13
0
0
1
10.8850
781
8.7

8.24
8.25
0
1
0
10.7261
5010
55.9

8.68
8.69
0
1
1
10.1821
6898
77.0

11.96
11.98
1
1
1
7.3925
501
5.6

13.62
13.63
1
1
0
6.4987
275
3.1

13.90
13.91
0
1
−1
6.3683
4729
52.8

14.62
14.63
1
0
−1
6.0549
581
6.5

14.68
14.70
0
1
2
6.0279
692
7.7

14.89
14.90
0
2
1
5.9468
456
5.1

16.29
16.30
0
0
2
5.4374
321
3.6

17.42
17.44
0
2
2
5.0866
3502
39.1

17.59
17.61
1
2
1
5.0367
994
11.1

18.20
18.22
1
−2
−1
4.8706
557
6.2

18.48
18.50
1
2
2
4.7970
927
10.3

18.98
18.99
2
0
1
4.6728
252
2.8

19.84
19.85
2
0
0
4.4719
328
3.7

20.23
20.24
2
1
1
4.3864
1426
15.9

20.58
20.59
2
−1
0
4.3131
1969
22.0

21.21
21.22
2
−1
1
4.1864
3681
41.1

21.30
21.32
0
1
−2
4.1681
1097
12.2

21.44
21.46
1
1
3
4.1409
926
10.3

21.48
21.49
2
0
2
4.1337
2196
24.5

21.54
21.56
1
−2
−2
4.1216
273
3.0

21.66
21.68
1
−2
1
4.0988
240
2.7

22.82
22.84
0
2
3
3.8938
297
3.3

23.04
23.06
0
3
2
3.8571
2250
25.1

23.07
23.08
2
−1
−1
3.8523
1182
13.2

23.71
23.73
2
0
−1
3.7491
239
2.7

24.45
24.47
2
2
1
3.6373
464
5.2

24.73
24.75
2
−1
2
3.5969
8960
100.0

25.95
25.96
1
−3
−2
3.4310
312
3.5

26.07
26.09
2
−2
1
3.4148
209
2.3

26.27
26.28
0
3
3
3.3900
267
3.0

26.41
26.43
1
3
3
3.3716
308
3.4

27.08
27.09
2
1
−1
3.2907
249
2.8

27.90
27.92
2
−1
−2
3.1952
271
3.0

27.96
27.98
1
3
0
3.1881
219
2.4

28.53
28.55
1
2
4
3.1260
206
2.3

29.96
29.97
3
0
0
2.9805
486
5.4

30.05
30.06
0
4
2
2.9718
224
2.5

30.08
30.10
2
−2
2
2.9682
1322
14.7

30.13
30.14
3
−1
0
2.9639
546
6.1

30.21
30.23
2
−1
3
2.9557
1534
17.1

31.57
31.58
3
−1
2
2.8318
240
2.7

32.01
32.03
3
2
2
2.7934
298
3.3

32.76
32.77
1
4
1
2.7319
202
2.3

33.11
33.12
3
2
1
2.7038
276
3.1

33.51
33.53
3
0
−1
2.6721
371
4.1

34.01
34.02
2
−2
−3
2.6343
249
2.8

37.51
37.52
0
1
−4
2.3960
240
2.7

*The use of ZBG or glass plates typically introduces a positive sample height displacement and results in small (0.05° to 0.2°) offset in 2θ values. The highest peak (intensity 100%) is set in bold letters.

Single Crystal Structure

The single crystal X-ray structure confirmed the presence of the glycolate anion and showed that the piperazine nitrogen atom carries the hydrogen atom. The molecule is shown in FIG. 38. The structure also shows a water molecule which is present at 60% occupancy, that is, the ratio of Compound A to water is 1:0.6. Structural details are given in the below table.

Variable
Value

System
Triclinic

Space Group
P-1

Temperature (°K)
90.0(2)
298(3)

a, Å
9.3613(2)
9.3957(5)

b, Å
11.8453(2)
11.9911(8)

c, Å
12.4918(2)
12.6433(8)

α
64.9920(1)
65.2827(2)

β
73.2080(1)
73.0954(1)

γ
88.2480(1)
88.7671(1)

Volume, Å³
1195.08(4)
1229.8

Density, g/ml
1.404

λ, Å
1.54178

μ, mm⁻¹
0.846

Absorption Correction Method
multi-scan

Absorption Correction Minimum
0.781

Absorption Correction Maximum
0.963

Reflections (total)
16031

Reflections (Unique)
4237

Reflections (Observed, >2σ)
3388

R_merge(internal agreement)
0.043

R
0.0409

wR
0.1043

Minimum Residual Density, e⁻/mm³
0.31(5)

Maximum Residual Density, e⁻/mm³
−0.20(5)

Fractional coordinates and isotropic displacement parameters for nonhydrogen atoms of Compound A glycolate hydrate are below.

Atom
x/a
y/b
z/c
Ueq or Uiso

N(1)
−257(2)
−899(1)
12193(1)
20(1)

N(2)
5139(2)
694(1)
7829(1)
20(1)

N(3)
6756(2)
2109(1)
5718(1)
19(1)

N(4)
6028(2)
3909(1)
3603(1)
20(1)

O(1)
3205(2)
2569(1)
10538(1)
28(1)

O(2)
4938(2)
2063(1)
8709(1)
29(1)

O(3)
4772(1)
−997(1)
7440(1)
24(1)

C(1)
125(2)
99(2)
12375(2)
19(1)

C(2)
−591(2)
359(2)
13379(2)
24(1)

C(3)
17(2)
1385(2)
13408(2)
26(1)

C(4)
1276(2)
2140(2)
12470(2)
25(1)

C(5)
1979(2)
1871(2)
11474(2)
21(1)

C(6)
1426(2)
814(2)
11409(2)
18(1)

C(7)
1877(2)
171(2)
10607(2)
18(1)

C(8)
3033(2)
251(2)
9554(2)
18(1)

C(9)
3028(2)
−663(2)
9123(2)
18(1)

C(10)
1928(2)
−1682(2)
9680(2)
18(1)

C(11)
1733(2)
−2727(2)
9343(2)
21(1)

C(12)
438(2)
−3632(2)
10444(2)
32(1)

C(13)
−315(2)
−2918(2)
11209(2)
22(1)

C(14)
786(2)
−1790(2)
10718(2)
18(1)

C(15)
769(2)
−890(2)
11162(2)
18(1)

C(16)
3936(2)
3508(2)
10681(2)
29(1)

C(17)
4427(2)
1141(2)
8708(2)
20(1)

C(18)
4362(2)
−404(2)
8046(2)
19(1)

C(19)
6654(2)
1170(2)
6943(2)
20(1)

C(20)
6273(2)
3305(2)
5683(2)
19(1)

C(21)
6719(2)
4290(2)
4353(2)
20(1)

C(22)
6426(2)
2644(2)
3709(2)
24(1)

C(23)
6001(2)
1698(2)
5052(2)
21(1)

C(24)
6476(2)
4852(2)
2287(2)
25(1)

C(1G)
539(2)
3469(2)
4989(2)
28(1)

O(1G)
335(2)
4218(1)
3828(1)
36(1)

C(2G)
2165(2)
3395(2)
4961(2)
22(1)

O(2G)
3132(1)
4059(1)
3938(1)
28(1)

O(3G)
2455(1)
2720(1)
5939(1)
26(1)

O(1W)
2887(3)
5938(2)
1816(2)
33(1)

Fractional coordinates and isotropic displacement parameters for hydrogen atoms of Compound A glycolate hydrate are below.

Atom
x/a
y/b
z/c
Ueq or Uiso

H(1N)
−1000(20)
−1530(20)
12750(20)
24

H(4N)
4940(30)
3842(19)
3953(19)
23

H(2)
−1457
−148
14013
29

H(3)
−433
1583
14085
31

H(4)
1659
2849
12512
30

H(11A)
2661
−3146
9246
26

H(11B)
1469
−2413
8561
26

H(12A)
830
−4388
10960
38

H(12B)
−296
−3897
10139
38

H(13A)
−1292
−2670
11078
26

H(13B)
−472
−3436
12105
26

H(16A)
3290
4181
10650
44

H(16B)
4885
3850
10010
44

H(16C)
4137
3140
11482
44

H(19A)
7229
1522
7305
24

H(19B)
7157
450
6862
24

H(20A)
6749
3560
6170
23

H(20B)
5171
3219
6054
23

H(21A)
6384
5100
4325
24

H(21B)
7825
4402
3996
24

H(22A)
7518
2687
3319
28

H(22B)
5895
2376
3262
28

H(23A)
4900
1613
5432
25

H(23B)
6297
871
5108
25

H(24A)
6170
5666
2242
38

H(24B)
5986
4590
1822
38

H(24C)
7567
4923
1929
38

H(1G1)
58
2611
5299
33

H(1G2)
21
3808
5583
33

H(1G)
1112
4714
3360
53

H(1W)
3200(50)
5350(40)
2430(40)
42(11)

H(2W)
3340(60)
6690(40)
1640(40)
70(16)

Thermal Analysis

The DSC curve of the glycolate hydrate salt, Form A₁, shows the presence of two different endothermic peaks; one at 77.4° C. having a ΔH_Fusof 63.4 J/g and a second peak at 209.0° C. and a ΔH_Fusof 170.9 J/g (FIG. 11). The glycolate hydrate salt had a weight loss of 1.9% between 25 and 150° C.

Water Sorption

The DVS plot in FIG. 12 indicated that there was surface adsorption with limited bulk absorption throughout the entire RH range. The total uptake in moisture at 90% RH is ˜3.5%.

¹H-NMR Spectroscopy

The spectrum gives all of the peaks necessary for Compound A. After normalization of the integration to one proton in the aromatic region at about 7.5 ppm for Compound A, there is a two proton singlet at about 3.9 ppm for the two protons associated with the methylene group of glycolic acid. This indicated a 1:1 mole ratio of Compound A to glycolic acid in the salt.

Stability

The data given in Table 10 indicate that this salt is fairly stable to the test conditions. A modest increase in Compound B is noted after 28 days. A monoglycolate salt, as the ¹H-NMR indicated, should have a Compound A Assay of 84.5% Compound A. Increasing loss in TGA suggests increasing water content, for example, 3.5% loss would be expected for a water to Compound A ratio of 1:1.

TABLE 10

Stability at 40° C. and 75%

RH of Glycolate Salt Hydrate, Form A₁

COM-
COM-

POUND
POUND
HPLC

TGA,
A Assay,
B Assay,
Purity,

Day
XRPD
DSC, ° C.
%
%
%
%

0
A1
69.7, 207.9
2.1
69.9
0.1
99.8

7
No change
208.3
2.3
68.4
0.1
99.6

14
No change
68.8, 207.3
2.6
73.2
0.2
99.7

28
No change
207.4
3.5
66.8
0.6
99.5

Optical Microscopy

In FIG. 13, the sample presented individual and agglomerates of crystals. The sample showed birefringence under plane polarized light.

Compound A, L-Malate Salt, Form A₁

Preparation

The salt was prepared according to Example 1.

XRPD

The X-ray diffraction data for the malate salt, Form A₁, is given in FIG. 14 and Table 11. Overlaid slow scans for a VT-XRPD study are shown in FIG. 15.

The initial XRPD pattern is as expected. There is no change in form on exposure to a dry N2 atmosphere (FIG. 15). There is a change when the sample is held at 175° C. for an hour. The fast scan measured when 175° C. was first reached compares to the starting pattern. The crystallinity is almost completely gone in the fast scan measured after 175° C. The slow scan pattern observed for this sample after heating to 175° C. and cooling to 25° C. partially compares to the pattern for Compound B. This observation is consistent with thermal decomposition to Compound B.

TABLE 11

XRPD Peaks for Malate Salt, Form A₁

No.
Pos. [2θ°]*
d-spacing [Å]
Rel. Int.[%]

1
8.60
10.269
51

2
9.18
9.631
25

3
10.06
8.789
36

4
10.40
8.496
25

5
11.74
7.529
14

6
11.87
7.450
27

7
12.85
6.885
3

8
13.33
6.635
6

9
13.97
6.334
5

10
14.46
6.120
6

11
14.70
6.021
18

12
15.27
5.797
12

13
15.56
5.690
9

14
17.19
5.156
47

15
17.76
4.991
17

16
17.98
4.930
5

17
18.54
4.781
28

18
19.29
4.597
5

19
20.27
4.376
14

20
20.65
4.297
9

21
21.22
4.184
53

22
21.59
4.112
3

23

22.36

3.972

100

24
23.45
3.791
17

25
24.08
3.692
2

26
24.27
3.664
10

27
24.52
3.627
3

28
24.99
3.560
2

29
25.76
3.455
3

30
25.87
3.442
3

31
26.99
3.301
15

32
27.38
3.254
3

33
27.79
3.208
3

34
27.96
3.188
4

35
28.12
3.171
2

36
29.11
3.066
4

37
29.60
3.016
2

38
30.22
2.955
2

39
30.42
2.936
3

40
30.75
2.905
5

*The use of ZBG or glass plates typically introduces a positive sample height displacement and results in small (0.05° to 0.2°) offset in 2θ values. The highest peak (intensity 100%) is set in bold letters.

Thermal Analysis

The DSC curve of the malate salt, Form A₁shows the presence of one endothermic peak; at 186.4° C. having a ΔH_Fusof 75.7 J/g (FIG. 16). The malate salt had a weight loss of 1.0% between 25 and 150° C.

Water Sorption

The DVS plot in (FIG. 17) indicated there was very little water absorption during the first cycle from 40% RH to 70% RH. Only surface adsorption is occurring. At 80% RH is an increase in water uptake. The large hysteresis gap is due to bulk absorption. The total uptake is ˜2%. The isotherm is irreversible.

¹H-NMR Spectroscopy

All of the peaks expected for Compound A are present. After normalization of the one aromatic proton at 7.5 ppm, there is a one proton triplet at about 4.05 ppm that is consistent with L-malic acid. This established the 1:1 stoichiometry for the Compound A L-malic acid salt in Form A₁.

Stability

The data in Table 12 show that the L-malate salt is stable to the test conditions with a constant XRPD, DSC, TGA and HPLC Purity values (MJJ3331-49). An increase in Compound B is observed after 28 days. As with the glycolate hydrate salt, the L-malate Assay value for Compound A is lower than the 75.8% value expected.

TABLE 12

Stability at 40° C. and 75% RH of the L-Malate Salt, Form A₁

COM-
COM-

POUND
POUND
HPLC

Day
XRPD
DSC
TGA
A Assay
B Assay
Purity

0
A₁
193.0° C.
0.1%
69.9%
0.2%
99.5%

7
No change
192.0° C.
0.2%
71.8%
0.4%
99.3%

14
No change
191.4° C.
0.8%
72.0%
0.5%
98.8%

28
No change
191.1° C.
0.3%
71.7%
0.8%
98.4%

Optical Microscopy

In FIG. 18, the sample showed individual crystals and agglomerates of irregular shaped crystals. The sample showed birefringence under plane polarized light.

Compound A, L-Malate Salt, Form A_1.5

Preparation

The salt was prepared according to Example 2.

XRPD

The X-ray diffraction data for the malate salt, Form A_1.5, is given in FIG. 19 and Table 13.

TABLE 13

XRPD Peaks for Malate Salt, Form A_1.5

No.
Pos. [2θ°]*
d-spacing [Å]
Rel. Int.[%]

1
5.53
15.978
63

2
6.80
12.985
53

3
7.97
11.085
26

4

8.43

10.478

100

5
8.76
10.084
35

6
9.23
9.577
23

7
11.79
7.500
28

8
12.44
7.108
10

9
12.78
6.923
17

10
13.05
6.778
17

11
13.64
6.489
15

12
13.92
6.355
11

13
14.44
6.131
61

14
15.99
5.538
44

15
16.66
5.316
72

16
17.12
5.175
7

17
18.12
4.891
31

18
18.46
4.802
40

19
18.79
4.720
7

20
19.44
4.562
17

21
20.16
4.401
16

22
20.53
4.322
15

23
21.13
4.201
20

24
21.37
4.154
11

25
21.86
4.063
20

26
22.84
3.890
10

27
23.14
3.841
24

28
23.63
3.762
14

29
24.04
3.698
10

30
24.60
3.615
29

31
25.16
3.536
13

32
25.66
3.469
9

33
28.20
3.162
7

34
29.00
3.076
3

35
30.05
2.971
5

36
30.43
2.936
6

37
32.25
2.774
2

38
33.11
2.704
2

39
36.66
2.449
3

40
39.38
2.286
3

*The use of ZBG or glass plates typically introduces a positive sample height displacement and results in small (0.05° to 0.2°) offset in 2θ values. The highest peak (intensity 100%) is set in bold letters.

Thermal Analysis

The DSC curve of the L-malate salt, Form A₁₅, shows the presence of one endothermic peak; at 160.4° C. having a ΔH_Fusof 39.2 J/g (FIG. 20). The L-malate salt had a weight loss of 3.6% between 25 and 150° C. This Form melts at a much lower temperature and has a larger weight loss than the malate salt, Form A₁.

¹H-NMR Spectroscopy

The ¹H-NMR spectrum of the L-malate salt, Form A_1.5showed all of the peaks were present for Compound A and the normalized integration showed about 3 moles of L-malic acid for two moles of Compound A. This preparation represented a new form for Compound A L-malate salt.

Compound A, L-Pyroglutamate Salt, Form A₁

Preparation

The sale was prepared according to Example 3.

XRPD

The X-ray diffraction data for the L-pyroglutamate salt, Form A₁is given in Table 14 and FIG. 21. The XRPD pattern showed a highly crystalline solid.

Variable temperature XRPD measurements are shown in FIG. 22. The initial XRPD pattern is as expected. There is no change in form on heating to 175° C. At the end of the experiment a black glass was left on the ZBG plate. Comparison of the expected pattern for Compound B and the sample after heating to 210° C. shows small differences. This suggests conversion of Compound A to Compound B and a possible second component.

TABLE 14

XRPD Peaks for L-Pyroglutamate Salt, Form A₁

No.
Pos. [2θ°]*
d-spacing [Å]
Rel. Int.[%]

1
6.02
14.669
74

2
9.56
9.242
43

3
10.31
8.573
61

4
10.54
8.391
25

5
11.03
8.017
96

6

12.01

7.364

100

7
12.89
6.864
21

8
13.22
6.693
33

9
14.32
6.180
12

10
15.00
5.900
24

11
16.71
5.301
36

12
17.02
5.206
22

13
17.51
5.061
59

14
17.79
4.983
68

15
18.02
4.919
78

16
18.68
4.747
19

17
18.98
4.672
29

18
19.37
4.578
7

19
20.22
4.388
7

20
20.76
4.276
35

21
20.98
4.231
34

22
21.14
4.199
29

23
21.36
4.156
9

24
21.67
4.097
10

25
21.96
4.045
33

26
22.11
4.017
23

27
22.70
3.914
21

28
23.13
3.842
23

29
23.39
3.800
84

30
23.51
3.781
56

31
24.11
3.689
14

32
24.53
3.626
8

33
24.84
3.582
54

34
25.08
3.547
9

35
26.56
3.353
33

36
27.57
3.232
8

37
28.15
3.168
13

38
28.78
3.099
9

39
30.22
2.955
11

40
30.43
2.935
9

*The use of ZBG or glass plates typically introduces a positive sample height displacement and results in small (0.05° to 0.2°) offset in 2θ values. The highest peak (intensity 100%) is set in bold letters.

Thermal Analysis

The DSC curve of the L-pyroglutamate salt, Form A₁, shows the presence of two endothermic peaks; at 50.4° C. having a ΔH_Fusof 35.6 J/g and 198.2° C. having a ΔH_Fuof 76.8 J/g (FIG. 23). The pyroglutamate salt had a weight loss of 3.5% between 25 and 150° C.

Water Sorption

In the DVS Plot (FIG. 24) indicated that during the first cycle there is very little water absorption over the RH range of 40-75% (˜2%). Only surface adsorption is occurring. At 80% RH there is a massive uptake in moisture. The large hysteresis gap at 50-90% RH is due to bulk absorption with a possible hydrate formation. The total uptake is ˜27%.

¹H-NMR Spectroscopy

All of the peaks are present for Compound A. After normalization of the integration for one proton for the aromatic peak in Compound A at about 7.5 ppm, there is an additional one proton singlet at about 7.85 ppm for the hydrogen atom on the amide nitrogen in pyroglutamic acid. In addition, there is an additional one proton multiplet at about 4.05 ppm from the one hydrogen atom attached to the carbon atom adjacent to the carboxylic acid group. This establishes this salt as a mono L-pyroglutamate salt of Compound A.

Stability

This salt was stable over a 28 day test period, except for a slow increase in Compound B content (Table 15).

TABLE 15

Stability at 40° C. and 75% RH of the L-Pyroglutamate

Salt, Form A₁(Prepared with Two Equivalents of Acid)

COM-
COM-

POUND
POUND
HPLC

TGA,
A Assay,
B Assay,
Purity,

Day
XRPD
DSC,
%
%
%
%

0
A₁
198.2
0.49
65.5
0.6
98.6

7
No change
199.0
0.54
71.4
0.6
98.7

14
No change
198.3
0.64
60.2
0.8
98.2

28
No change
198.4
0..11
64.0
1.2
97.2

Optical Microscopy

The sample presented agglomerates of irregular shaped crystals as shown in FIG. 25. The sample showed birefringence under plane polarized light.

Comparison of Salts

In Table 16, glycolate hydrate Form A₁, L-malate Form A₁and the one and two equivalent preparations of L-pyroglutamate Form A₁are compared. The glycolate hydrate salt, Form A₁, generated the least amount of Compound B during 40° C. and 75% RH stability testing. The glycolate hydrate exhibited a preference for water absorption since the TGA value increased to 3.5% during stability testing (Table 10).

TABLE 16

Comparison of Compound A Salts

Glycolate
L-malate
L-pyroglutamate
L-pyroglutamate

Property
(2 Eq.)
(2 Eq.)
(2 Eq.)
(1 Eq.)

Crystallinity
Form A₁
Form A₁
Form A₁
Form A₁

DSC
69.7, 207.9
193.0
198.2
201.7

TGA
2.1%
0.1%
0.5%
0.2%

DVS
Reversible
Irreversible
Irreversible
Not measured

TGA After 40/75:

COMPOUND A
69.9%
71.3%
65.5%
75.5%

Initial

COMPOUND B
0.1%
0.2%
0.6%
0.5%

Initial

COMPOUND B
0.6%
1.2%
1.2%
1.3%

After 40/75

Est. Water
>100 mg/mL
>100 mg/mL
>100 mg/mL
>100 mg/mL

Solubility

% Active in Salt
85%
76%
76%
76%

Desiccant
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes

Required

Acid Classification
Class 1
Class 1
Class 2
Class 2

Compound A, Free Base, Form C₀

Preparation

The free base was prepared according to Example 4.

XRPD

The X-ray diffraction data for free base, Form C₀, is given in FIG. 26 and Table 17. The XRPD pattern showed a crystalline solid.

Variable temperature XRPD measurements are shown in FIG. 27. The initial XRPD pattern compares to the expected pattern for Form C₀. There is no change in form on exposure to a dry N2 atmosphere. There is no change in form after heating to 175° C. After heating to 235° C. the XRPD pattern is changed and is similar to, but not the same as, the pattern observed for Compound B. Similar patterns have been seen for other VT samples. There seem to be two components present in this decomposition product.

TABLE 17

XRPD Peaks for Free Base, Form C₀

No.
Pos. [2θ°]*
d-spacing [Å]
Rel. Int.[%]

1
2.03
43.473
5

2
7.96
11.104
4

3
8.49
10.411
86

4

8.77

10.078

100

5
10.66
8.293
2

6
13.92
6.358
33

7
14.44
6.130
12

8
15.15
5.845
6

9
15.39
5.752
11

10
15.93
5.560
5

11
17.56
5.045
19

12
18.13
4.890
20

13
18.47
4.801
18

14
19.15
4.632
14

15
19.74
4.493
10

16
20.27
4.377
8

17
20.42
4.346
17

18
21.10
4.208
30

19
21.36
4.157
27

20
21.86
4.063
45

21
23.56
3.773
6

22
24.59
3.618
67

23
25.64
3.471
5

24
26.02
3.422
2

25
27.01
3.299
1

26
27.75
3.212
2

27
29.40
3.036
7

28
30.07
2.969
5

29
31.26
2.859
1

30
31.63
2.826
2

31
32.13
2.784
2

32
32.63
2.742
1

33
33.37
2.683
1

34
34.06
2.630
2

35
34.32
2.611
1

36
34.88
2.570
1

37
35.12
2.553
1

38
35.44
2.531
1

39
35.88
2.501
1

40
38.64
2.329
1

Thermal Analysis

The DSC curve of the free base, Form C₀, shows the presence of one endothermic peak; at 207.3° C. having a ΔH_Fusof 71.4 J/g (FIG. 28). Form C₀had a weight loss of 2.3% between 25 and 150° C.

Optical Microscopy

In FIG. 29, the sample presented agglomerates and individual irregular shaped crystals. The sample showed birefringence under plane polarized light.

Compound A, Hydrochloride Salt, Form A

Preparation

The salt was prepared according to Example 5.

XRPD

The X-ray diffraction data for the chloride salt, Form A, is given in FIG. 30 and Table 18.

TABLE 18

XRPD Peaks for the Hydrochloride Salt, Form A

No.
Pos. [2θ°]*
d-spacing [Å]
Rel. Int.[%]

1
6.13
14.403
2

2

7.45

11.863

100

3
7.95
11.108
3

4
8.55
10.337
25

5
10.51
8.409
1

6
12.20
7.248
42

7
12.94
6.837
4

8
13.55
6.532
0

9
14.94
5.926
2

10
15.90
5.569
1

11
16.21
5.463
2

12
17.12
5.175
16

13
17.95
4.937
2

14
18.34
4.833
1

15
18.83
4.710
37

16
18.87
4.700
29

17
19.26
4.606
4

18
20.24
4.383
1

19
21.27
4.174
1

20
22.30
3.983
12

21
23.58
3.770
0

22
24.49
3.631
9

23
24.88
3.576
3

24
25.57
3.481
8

25
26.08
3.414
8

26
27.14
3.283
0

27
27.75
3.213
3

28
28.34
3.147
3

29
30.81
2.900
3

30
31.06
2.877
3

31
31.80
2.812
2

32
33.46
2.676
4

33
34.13
2.625
4

34
34.89
2.570
2

35
36.22
2.478
1

36
37.44
2.400
1

37
39.42
2.284
1

28

*The use of ZBG or glass plates typically introduces a positive sample height displacement and results in small (0.05° to 0.2°) offset in 2θ values. The highest peak (intensity 100%) is set in bold letters.

Thermal Analysis

The DSC curve of the hydrochloride salt, Form A, shows one endothermic peak at 247.3° C. having a ΔH_Fusof 41.6 J/g (FIG. 31). The hydrochloride salt, Form A, had a weight loss of 0.2% between 25 and 150° C.

Water Sorption

The DVS Plot (FIG. 32) indicated there is surface adsorption with limited bulk absorption throughout the entire RH range. The total uptake in moisture is ˜2.25%.

Stability

The data in Table 19 show a relatively constant XRPD pattern and DSC value with modest changes in TGA value. The HPLC values are quite different with Assay value decreasing to nearly half after 28 days of testing. Also noted was a steady decline in HPLC purity and an increase in Compound B content to 1.5%. The theoretical value for Compound A content in a Compound A monohydrochloride salt is 92.0%.

TABLE 19

Stability at 40° C. and 75% RH of the Hydrochloride Form A

COM-
COM-

POUND
POUND
HPLC

Day
XRPD
DSC ° C.
TGA %
A Assay
B Assay
Purity

0
A
244.8
0.1
39.9
0.3
99.1

7
No change
247.6
1.5
22.3
0.7
96.3

14
No change
245.9
1.1
21.6
1.1
94.0

28
No change
245.5
0.9
19.6
1.5
91.1

Compound A, Fumarate Salt, Form A

Preparation

The salt was prepared according to Example 5.

XRPD

The X-ray diffraction data for Compound A Fumarate Salt, Form A, is given in FIG. 33 and Table 20.

TABLE 20

XRPD Peaks for the Fumarate Salt, Form A

No.
Pos. [2θ°]*
d-spacing [Å]
Rel. Int.[%]

1

8.98

9.842

100

2
10.54
8.388
26

3
11.06
7.994
11

4
12.94
6.835
4

5
14.86
5.958
20

6
15.44
5.734
2

7
15.55
5.694
5

8
16.19
5.469
5

9
17.07
5.190
37

10
17.69
5.008
20

11
18.20
4.871
3

12
18.74
4.732
4

13
19.04
4.657
3

14
19.13
4.637
7

15
19.34
4.585
24

16
19.68
4.508
5

17
20.72
4.284
4

18
21.09
4.209
24

19
21.80
4.074
2

20
22.32
3.980
8

21
22.88
3.884
8

22
23.50
3.783
16

23
24.04
3.699
22

24
24.19
3.677
15

25
25.36
3.509
4

26
25.45
3.497
2

27
25.59
3.479
2

28
25.71
3.463
8

29
25.90
3.437
8

30
26.08
3.415
4

31
26.24
3.393
4

32
26.51
3.360
2

33
26.75
3.329
4

34
27.29
3.266
7

35
28.95
3.082
11

36
29.92
2.984
4

37
30.78
2.902
3

38
30.99
2.884
3

39
31.09
2.874
6

40
36.83
2.438
2

*The use of ZBG or glass plates typically introduces a positive sample height displacement and results in small (0.05° to 0.2°) offset in 2θ values. The highest peak (intensity 100%) is set in bold letters.

Thermal Analysis

The DSC curve of the fumarate salt, Form A, showed the presence of one endothermic peak; at 231.3° C. having a ΔH_Fusof 106.9 J/g (FIG. 34). Form A had a weight loss of 0.2% between 25 and 150° C.

Compound A, p-Toluenesulfonate Salt, Form A

Preparation

The salt was prepared according to Example 5.

XRPD

Characterization of the p-Toluenesulfonate Salt, Form A is depicted in FIG. 35 and Table 21.

TABLE 21

XRPD Peaks for the p-Toluenesulfonate Salt, Form A

No.
Pos. [2θ°]*
d-spacing [Å]
Rel. Int.[%]

1
6.02
14.669
74

2
9.56
9.242
43

3
10.31
8.573
61

4
10.54
8.391
25

5
11.03
8.017
96

6

12.01

7.364

100

7
12.89
6.864
21

8
13.22
6.693
33

9
14.32
6.180
12

10
15.00
5.900
24

11
16.71
5.301
36

12
17.02
5.206
22

13
17.51
5.061
59

14
17.79
4.983
68

15
18.02
4.919
78

16
18.68
4.747
19

17
18.98
4.672
29

18
19.37
4.578
7

19
20.22
4.388
7

20
20.76
4.276
35

21
20.98
4.231
34

22
21.14
4.199
29

23
21.36
4.156
9

24
21.67
4.097
10

25
21.96
4.045
33

26
22.11
4.017
23

27
22.70
3.914
21

28
23.13
3.842
23

29
23.39
3.800
84

30
23.51
3.781
56

31
24.11
3.689
14

32
24.53
3.626
8

33
24.84
3.582
54

34
25.08
3.547
9

35
26.56
3.353
33

36
27.57
3.232
8

37
28.15
3.168
13

38
28.78
3.099
9

39
30.22
2.955
11

40
30.43
2.935
9

*The use of ZBG or glass plates typically introduces a positive sample height displacement and results in small (0.05° to 0.2°) offset in 2θ values. The highest peak (intensity 100%) is set in bold letters.

Thermal Analysis

The DSC curve of the p-toluenesulfonate salt, Form A, shows the presence of one endothermic peak; at 239.6° C. having a ΔH_Fusof 38.5 J/g (FIG. 36). Form A had a weight loss of 0.04% between 25 and 150° C.

CRYSTALLINE FORMS OF PARP INHIBITORS

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