Claims
- 1. A method comprising curing by mixing a curing agent with an epoxy resin, said curing agent comprising:
- (i) about 10 to 80% by weight of at least one emulsifier which includes at least one polyalkylene-polyether-diamine-group represented by the following formula: ##STR32## wherein the R.sup.1 groups may be the same or different and each is selected from hydrogen, straight or branched chain alkyl residues having 1-6 carbon atoms, or straight or branched chain alkyl radicals having 1-6 carbon atoms substituted with one or more phenyl residues, the R.sup.4 groups may be the same or different, and each is selected from alkylene groups having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, n is an integer of 1 to 5, and x is an integer of from 8-90,
- (ii) about 1-80% by weight of a coemulsifier comprising at least one polyalkylene polyamine group of the following formula: ##STR33## wherein the R.sup.1 group and n are as defined above, and y is an integer of from 1-6, and
- (iii) about 5-80% by weight of at least one bis(diamine)-diepoxide-adduct comprising at least two amino-alcohol groups of the following formula: ##STR34## wherein the R.sup.1 groups are as defined above, and A is an alkylene residue, cycloalkylene residue, a polyalkylene-polyether-residue, or a bivalent residue comprising alkyl groups and cycloalkyl and/or aromatic groups.
- 2. A method according to claim 1, wherein said emulsifier (i) comprises, per molecule thereof, one polyalkylene-polyether-diamine-group of formula (I), said coemulsifier (ii) comprises, per molecule thereof, one polyalkylene-polyamine-group of formula (II), and wherein the remaining parts of the molecule of the emulsifier and coemulsifier, have structures which are identical.
- 3. A method according to claim 1, wherein the group of formula (I) of emulsifier (i) is bonded to a structure of the following formula: ##STR35## wherein R.sup.5 is a long chain alkyl residue having 7-25 carbon atoms, or an aliphatic polyamine residue of the following formula: ##STR36## wherein R.sup.6 is an alkyl residue having 7-25 carbon atoms, Y is a direct linkage or a bivalent group of formula: ##STR37## and z is an integer of 1 to 4; B is an alkylene residue, an alkylene residue interrupted in its alkylene chain through one or more ether oxygen atoms, or a bivalent cycloaliphatic, aromatic or araliphatic residue; and R.sup.1 is selected from the group of hydrogen, straight or branched chain alkyl residues having 1-6 carbon atoms, or straight or branched chain alkyl residues having 1-6 carbon atoms and which are phenyl substituted.
- 4. A method according to claim 1, where in coemulsifier (ii) the polyalkylene-polyamine-group of formula (II) is bonded to a structure of the following formula: ##STR38## wherein R.sup.5 is a long chain alkyl residue having 7-25 carbon atoms or an aliphatic polyamine residue of the following formula: ##STR39## wherein R.sup.6 is an alkyl residue having 7-25 carbon atoms, Y is a direct linkage or a bivalent group of formula: ##STR40## and z is an integer of 1 to 4; B is an alkylene residue or an alkylene residue interrupted through one or more ether oxygen atoms, or a bivalent cycloaliphatic, aromatic or araliphatic residue; and R.sup.1 is selected from the group of hydrogen, straight chain or branched alkyl residues having 1-6 carbon atoms, and phenyl substituted alkyl radicals comprising 1-6 carbon atoms in the alkyl moieties.
- 5. A method according to claim 1, where in the bis(diamine)-diepoxide adduct (iii) the two groups of formula (III) are bonded to a bivalent structure of the following formula:
- --CH.sub.2 --O--B--O--CH.sub.2 -- (V);
- wherein B is an alkylene residue or an alkylene residue, the carbon chains of which are interrupted through one or more ether oxygen atoms, or a bivalent cycloaliphatic, aromatic or araliphatic residue, and wherein the two groups of formula (III) bonded to said bivalent structure of formula (V), have the same structure, or a different structure.
- 6. A method according to claim 1, said curing agent further comprising a diamine or a mixture of two or more diamines, wherein said curing agent has the following composition:
- 10-80% by weight of emulsifier (i),
- 1-80% by weight of co-emulsifier (ii),
- 5-80% by weight of bis(diamine)-diepoxide-adduct (iii), and
- 1-80% by weight of the diamine or mixture of two or more diamines.
- 7. A method according to claim 6, wherein the diamine is a diamine comprising two primary amino groups which corresponds to the following formula:
- H.sub.2 N--B--NH.sub.2 (VI);
- wherein B is an alkylene residue or an alkylene residue the carbon chain of which is interrupted through one or more ether oxygen atoms, a bivalent cycloaliphatic or aromatic group, or a bivalent residue which comprises alkyl, and cycloalkyl and/or aromatic groups.
- 8. A method according to claim 1, said curing agent comprising water present in the form of a non-ionic microemulsion.
- 9. A method according to claim 8, said curing agent present as an oil in water microemulsion.
- 10. A method according to claim 1, wherein said epoxy resin is an aqueous epoxy resin dispersion.
- 11. A method according to claim 10, wherein said emulsifier (i) comprises, per molecule thereof, one polyalkylene-polyether-diamine-group of formula (I), said coemulsifier (ii) comprises, per molecule thereof, one polyalkylene-polyamine-group of formula (II), and wherein the remaining parts of the molecule of the emulsifier and coemulsifier, have structures which are identical.
- 12. A method according to claim 10, wherein the group of formula (I) of emulsifier (i) is bonded to a structure of the following formula: ##STR41## wherein R.sup.5 is a long chain alkyl residue having 7-25 carbon atoms, or an aliphatic polyamine residue of the following formula: ##STR42## wherein R.sup.6 is an alkyl residue having 7-25 carbon atoms, Y is a direct linkage or a bivalent group of formula: ##STR43## and z is an integer of 1 to 4; B is an alkylene residue, an alkylene residue interrupted in its alkylene chain through one or more ether oxygen atoms, or a bivalent cycloaliphatic, aromatic or araliphatic residue; and R.sup.1 is selected from the group of hydrogen, straight or branched chain alkyl residues having 1-6 carbon atoms, or straight or branched chain alkyl residues having 1-6 carbon atoms and which are phenyl substituted.
- 13. A method according to claim 10, where in coemulsifier (ii) the polyalkylene-polyamine-group of formula (II) is bonded to a structure of the following formula: ##STR44## wherein R.sup.5 is a long chain alkyl residue having 7-25 carbon atoms or an aliphatic polyamine residue of the following formula: ##STR45## wherein R.sup.6 is an alkyl residue having 7-25 carbon atoms, Y is a direct linkage or a bivalent group of formula: ##STR46## and z is an integer of 1 to 4; B is an alkylene residue or an alkylene residue interrupted through one or more ether oxygen atoms, or a bivalent cycloaliphatic, aromatic or araliphatic residue; and R.sup.1 is selected from the group of hydrogen, straight chain or branched alkyl residues having 1-6 carbon atoms, and phenyl substituted alkyl radicals comprising 1-6 carbon atoms in the alkyl moieties.
- 14. A method according to claim 10, where in the bis(diamine)-diepoxide adduct (iii) the two groups of formula (III) are bonded to a bivalent structure of the following formula:
- --CH.sub.2 --O--B--O--CH.sub.2 -- (V);
- wherein B is an alkylene residue or an alkylene residue, the carbon chains of which are interrupted through one or more ether oxygen atoms, or a bivalent cycloaliphatic, aromatic or araliphatic residue, and wherein the two groups of formula (III) bonded to said bivalent structure of formula (V), have the same structure, or a different structure.
- 15. A method according to claim 10, said curing agent further comprising a diamine or a mixture of two or more diamines, wherein said curing agent has the following composition:
- 10-80% by weight of emulsifier (i),
- 1-80% by weight of co-emulsifier (ii),
- 5-80% by weight of bis(diamine)-diepoxide-adduct (iii), and
- 1-80% by weight of the diamine or mixture of two or more diamines.
- 16. A method according to claim 15, wherein the diamine is a diamine comprising two primary amino groups which corresponds to the following formula:
- H.sub.2 N--B--NH.sub.2 (VI);
- wherein B is an alkylene residue or an alkylene residue the carbon chain of which is interrupted through one or more ether oxygen atoms, a bivalent cycloaliphatic or aromatic group, or a bivalent residue which comprises alkyl, and cycloalkyl and/or aromatic groups.
- 17. A method according to claim 10, said curing agent comprising water and present in the form of a non-ionic microemulsion.
- 18. A method according to claim 17, said curing agent present as an oil in water microemulsion.
- 19. A method according to claim 10, wherein said aqueous epoxy resin dispersion comprises at least one of fillers and pigments, and is mixed with the curing agent which additionally contains water, and which is present in the form of a microemulsion, said method further comprising applying the resulting mixture onto a substrate, and/or filling cavities or voids.
- 20. A method according to claim 1 comprising curing a construction material comprising an inorganic binder.
- 21. A method according to claim 20, wherein said curing agent additionally contains water and is in the form of a microemulsion, and comprising curing a construction material comprising an inorganic binder, a curing agent, and an aqueous epoxy resin dispersion.
- 22. A method according to claim 20, wherein said inorganic binder is selected from the group consisting of cement, lime, gypsum and mixtures thereof.
- 23. A method according to claim 20, said construction material further comprising at least one of water and a particulate additive.
- 24. A method according to claim 20 comprising curing a construction material which further comprises a member from the group consisting of water-reducers, high-range water-reducers, air entraining agents, curing accelerators and curing retarders for the inorganic binder, fly ash, blast-furnace slag, burnt oil shale, amorphous silicon dioxide, and thixotroping agents.
- 25. A method according to claim 1, said curing agent comprising:
- (i) about 10 to 80% by weight of at least one emulsifier which includes at least one polyalkylene-polyether-diamine-group represented by the following formula: ##STR47## wherein the R.sup.1 groups may be the same or different and each is selected from hydrogen, straight or branched chain alkyl residues having 1-6 carbon atoms, or straight or branched chain alkyl radicals having 1-6 carbon atoms substituted with one or more phenyl residues, the R.sup.4 groups may be the same or different, and each is selected from alkylene groups having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, n is an integer of 1 to 5, and x is an integer of from 8-90, and wherein the group of formula (I) of emulsifier (i) is bonded to a structure of the following formula: ##STR48## wherein R.sup.5 is a long chain alkyl residue having 7-25 carbon atoms, or an aliphatic polyamine residue of the following formula: ##STR49## wherein R.sup.6 is an alkyl residue having 7-25 carbon atoms, Y is a direct linkage or a bivalent group of formula: ##STR50## and z is an integer of 1 to 4; B is an alkylene residue, an alkylene residue interrupted in its alkylene chain through one or more ether oxygen atoms, or a bivalent cycloaliphatic, aromatic or araliphatic residue; and R.sup.1 is selected from the group of hydrogen, straight or branched chain alkyl residues having 1-6 carbon atoms, or straight or branched chain alkyl residues having 1-6 carbon atoms and which are phenyl substituted;
- (ii) about 1-80% by weight of a coemulsifier comprising at least one polyalkylene polyamine group of the following formula: ##STR51## wherein the R.sup.1 group and n are as defined above, and y is an integer of from 1-6, and where in coemulsifier (ii) the polyalkylene-polyamine-group of formula (II) is bonded to a structure of the following formula: ##STR52## wherein R.sup.5 is a long chain alkyl residue having 7-25 carbon atoms or an aliphatic polyamine residue of the following formula: ##STR53## wherein R.sup.6 is an alkyl residue having 7-25 carbon atoms, Y is a direct linkage or a bivalent group of formula: ##STR54## and z is an integer of 1 to 4; B is an alkylene residue or an alkylene residue interrupted through one or more ether oxygen atoms, or a bivalent cycloaliphatic, aromatic or araliphatic residue; and R.sup.1 is selected from the group of hydrogen, straight chain or branched alkyl residues having 1-6 carbon atoms, and phenyl substituted alkyl radicals comprising 1-6 carbon atoms in the alkyl moieties;
- (iii) about 5-80% by weight of at least one bis(diamine)-diepoxide-adduct comprising at least two amino-alcohol groups of the following formula: ##STR55## wherein the R.sup.1 groups are as defined above, and A is an alkylene residue, cycloalkylene residue, a polyalkylene-polyether-residue, or a bivalent residue comprising alkyl groups and cycloalkyl and/or aromatic groups, and where in the bis(diamine)-diepoxide adduct (iii) the two groups of formula (III) are bonded to a bivalent structure of the following formula:
- --CH.sub.2 --O--B--O--CH.sub.2 -- (V);
- wherein B is an alkylene residue or an alkylene residue, the carbon chains of which are interrupted through one or more ether oxygen atoms, or a bivalent cycloaliphatic, aromatic or araliphatic residue, and wherein the two groups of formula (III) bonded to said bivalent structure of formula (V), have the same structure, or a different structure.
Priority Claims (1)
Number |
Date |
Country |
Kind |
1355/92 |
Apr 1992 |
CHX |
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Parent Case Info
This application is a divisional of application Ser. No. 08/053,426, filed Apr. 28, 1993, U.S. Pat. No. 5,382,606.
US Referenced Citations (2)
Number |
Name |
Date |
Kind |
3629181 |
Heer et al. |
Dec 1971 |
|
3758421 |
Nikles |
Sep 1973 |
|
Non-Patent Literature Citations (1)
Entry |
"Encyclopedia of Polymer Science and Technology", 1967, pp. 226-227. |
Divisions (1)
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Number |
Date |
Country |
Parent |
53426 |
Apr 1993 |
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