Patent Application
20240374270
The present application claims priority to a Chinese patent application No. CN202111005958.6, filed on Aug. 30, 2021, entitled “CURRENT PEAK VALUE MEASUREMENT APPARATUS, HIGH VOLTAGE GENERATOR, AND THERAPEUTIC DEVICE FOR VASCULAR CALCIFICATION”, the entire contents of which are incorporated by reference in the present application.
The present invention relates to the field of current detection technology, and is especially a current peak value measurement apparatus, a high voltage generator and a therapeutic device for vascular calcification.
Vascular calcification refers to the pathological process of hydroxyapatite mineral deposition in the vascular system, which is commonly seen in atherosclerotic plaques, diabetes, aging, chronic renal failure, uremia, and blood vessels and heart valves. Clinical and epidemiological data show that vascular calcification is a common clinical pathological feature in patients with atherosclerosis, hypertension, diabetic vascular disease, vascular injury and chronic kidney disease. It is an important risk factor leading to cardiovascular events, occurring in 80% of vascular injury and 90% of coronary disease. Vascular calcification in infancy, uremic arteriolar calcification, and calcified valvular disease can be life-threatening. The incidence of vascular calcification in young patients is more common in diabetic patients, while dyslipidemia is more common in elderly patients. In recent years, studies on vascular biology and cardiovascular imaging have found that the location and degree of vascular calcification can be used as an early warning indicator for stroke and ischemic heart disease, and an indicator for predicting cardiovascular mortality in patients with type II insulin-independent diabetes mellitus. Vascular calcification was previously thought to be a passive process of calcium salt deposition between tissues caused by the imbalance of calcium and phosphorus metabolism. Vascular calcification increases the stiffness of the vascular wall, reduces the compliance, and then leads to myocardial ischemia, left ventricular hypertrophy and heart failure, leading to thrombosis and plaque rupture. It is one of the important factors for the high morbidity and mortality of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, and is also an important marker molecule for the occurrence of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.
At present, the main treatment methods of vascular calcification are medical treatment and surgical treatment. Medical treatment is to use lipid-regulating drugs to stabilize the intravascular plaque and slow down the progression of atherosclerosis, or to regulate the overall calcium and phosphorus metabolism through phosphate binders, bisphosphonates and other calcium and phosphorus balance regulators to reduce calcium salt deposition and calcium crystallization nucleation. However, the effect of these drugs on vascular calcification is not clear, and the effect is poor in patients with advanced vascular calcification. Surgical treatment includes interventional therapy and arterial bypass grafting. Interventional devices include traditional balloon, special balloon and percutaneous transluminal plaque resection, but these devices and techniques still have many limitations and are prone to lead to serious complications. Traditional balloon dilatation only has a good effect on soft lesions, but in the treatment of calcified lesions, higher pressure is needed to restore the lumen again. However, continuous high pressure is easy to cause secondary mechanical damage to the blood vessels, and even cause vascular rupture. Special balloons, such as embedded balloons and spinous balloons, have special conditions for use and require longer training. Percutaneous atherectomy is expensive, complex and time-consuming, and it is difficult to solve the problem of distal embolism and high risk of vascular injury. In order to solve the above problems in the treatment of calcified vessels, the combination of ultrasonic lithotripsy and balloon angioplasty technology can better overcome the shortcomings of traditional device and technology in the treatment of calcified artery disease by using acoustic waves, and is expected to become a new generation of treatment technology for calcified vessels.
The therapeutic device for vascular calcification is mainly composed of a consumable electrode, a connector, and an ultrasound generator. In the treatment of vascular calcification, the instantaneous current of electrode discharge is large, which can reach hundreds of amperes, and the discharge voltage is high, which can reach ten kilovolts. At present, there is no electrode current sampling device in the therapeutic device for vascular calcification, so it is impossible to capture the current peak value during treatment in real time, and it is impossible to confirm the operation of the device and the treatment of the patient, so as to further analyze the treatment results. The treatment effect cannot be monitored in real time, and the treatment status of the patient cannot be monitored during the treatment process and the treatment strategy can be adjusted in time. The treatment effect and safety of patients are difficult to be guaranteed.
The existing scheme of increasing the sampling resistance in the high-voltage circuit has an impact on the original discharge circuit, and there are security risks. The existing scheme of using external electrode current sampling device can be more convenient to expand in laboratory test and verification, but in actual use, it is difficult to be applied due to the high price of professional device and large volume of device, inconvenient to install and carry, difficult to implement and difficult to use in the field. In the existing current transformer scheme, due to the existence of magnetic components in the transformer, it is inevitable that there will be magnetic saturation, and the measured current under magnetic saturation does not have reference significance. At the same time, there will be a certain phase difference due to the hysteresis effect of ferromagnetic components.
In view of this, the object of the present invention is to provide a current peak value measurement apparatus, a high voltage generator and a therapeutic device for vascular calcification. The real-time monitoring of pulse current can be realized, the current peak value of the pulse current can be accurately detected, the original discharge loop cannot be influenced, and the present invention has the advantages of high safety, fast response speed, large saturation current, simple structure, stable process, high consistency and low cost.
In order to achieve the above object, a first aspect of an embodiment of the present invention provides a current peak value detecting device, as one embodiment, the current peak value detecting device includes: a PCB Rogowski coil, a sampling resistor, a signal amplifying circuit, an integrating and voltage holding circuit, and a micro-controller; wherein,
As one implementation mode, the PCB Rogowski coil includes a first coil part and a second coil part, the first coil part and the second coil part form an loop-shaped coil whole body, and the first coil part and the second coil part are detachably connected; wherein,
As one embodiment, the integrating and voltage holding circuit includes an RC integrating circuit and a first diode, the RC integrating circuit including a first resistor and a first capacitor; wherein,
As one implementation manner, the micro-controller is further configured to perform digital filtering on the ADC sampling data to filter abnormal data in a plurality of the ADC sampling data, and take an average value of the plurality of the filtered ADC sampling data for obtaining a current peak value of the current signal in the circuit to be detected according to the current calibration data; wherein the abnormal data includes the minimum and/or the maximum of a plurality of the ADC sampled data.
As one implementation mode, the utility model also includes a filter circuit which is arranged between the PCB Rogowski coil and the signal amplifying circuit.
As one embodiment, the filter circuit includes a common-mode inductor arranged between an output terminal of the PCB Rogowski coil and the sampling resistor.
In one embodiment, the filter circuit includes a first magnetic bead and a second magnetic bead connected in parallel between the sampling resistor and the signal amplifying circuit.
In one embodiment, the filter circuit includes a common-mode filter capacitor and a differential-mode filter capacitor disposed between the sampling resistor and the signal amplification circuit.
In order to achieve the above object, another embodiment of the present invention provides a high voltage generator, as one embodiment, the high voltage generator includes a power supply module, a booster circuit and the current peak value measurement apparatus described in any one of the above embodiments. wherein,
In order to achieve the above object, another embodiment of the present invention provides a therapeutic device for vascular calcification, as one embodiment, the therapeutic device for vascular calcification includes the high voltage generator, a connector and a consumable electrode of the above embodiment; wherein,
The present invention includes a current peak value measurement apparatus, a high voltage generator and a therapeutic device for vascular calcification, including a PCB Rogowski coil, a sampling resistor, a signal amplification circuit, an integration and voltage holding circuit and a micro-controller; wherein the PCB Rogowski coil is configured to induce the current signal in a circuit to be detected, and the corresponding induced electromotive force is obtained. The sampling resistor is connected to the PCB Rogowski coil to obtain the sampling voltage corresponding to the induced electromotive force. The signal amplification circuit is connected to the sampling resistor, which is used to amplify the sampling voltage. The integration and voltage holding circuit is connected to the signal amplifying circuit, which is used to integrate the amplified sampling voltage, and obtain the voltage signal proportional to the current signal in the circuit to be detected, and is used to maintain the maximum value of the voltage signal. The micro-controller is connected to the integration and voltage holding circuit, which is used to sample the maximum value of the voltage signal by ADC. According to the ADC sampling data and the preset current calibration data, the current peak value of the current signal in the circuit to be detected is obtained. On the one hand, the current sampling is carried out through the PCB Rogowski coil, and the non-contact detection is adopted, which will not affect the original discharge loop, and has high security, fast response speed, saturation current up to several thousand amperes, and the PCB coil has simple structure, stable process, high consistency and low cost. On the other hand, the invention can stably and accurately measure the peak current valued of each time through the signal amplification circuit and the integration and voltage holding circuit, and can monitor the treatment effect in real time when the vascular calcification treatment equipment is used for treatment.
The accompanying drawings set forth herein are intended to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of this application, illustrative embodiments of the present invention and the description thereof are intended to explain the present invention and are not to be construed as unduly limiting the present invention.
In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solutions of the present invention, with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described. The described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.
It should be noted that, the terms “first”, “second” and the like in the description, the claims and the above-mentioned figures of the invention are used to distinguish between similar objects, but need not be used to describe a particular sequence or precedence, it being understood that the data so used may be interchanged under appropriate circumstances, so that the embodiments of the invention described herein can be practiced in an order other than those illustrated or described herein. The terms “including” and “having” and any variations thereof, it is intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, e.g., a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that includes a series of steps or units, is not necessarily limited to those steps or units that are expressly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not expressly listed or are inherent to such process, method, product, or apparatus.
Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which the invention pertains. The terms used in the description of the invention herein are for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and are not intended to be limiting of the invention.
Please refer to
Specifically, according to the induction principle of the PCB Rogowski coil 10, that is, when the current flowing through the conducting wire in the PCB Rogowski coil 10 is I (t), a magnetic field is generated around the current-carrying conductor, the closer the current-carrying conductor is, the stronger the magnetic field intensity is, and the magnetic field intensity at the position r away from the current-carrying conductor is:
The magnetic induction here is:
Wherein the vacuum permeability μ0=4π×10−7 H/m, τ is the circumferential ratio.
There is a magnetic flux in the wire turns of the PCB Rogowski coil 10, and the magnetic flux of each turn is:
Wherein S is the area of single wire turn, d is the differential symbol and dS is the differential of the area. The magnetic flux is related to the magnetic induction intensity and the area of wire turn.
According to Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction, when the measured current is changed, the coil can produce induced electromotive force:
In the formula, N is the number of wire turns, M is the mutual inductance of coils, dφ is the variation of magnetic flux, dt is the variation of time, and dI (t) is the variation of current.
The induced electromotive force of the PCB Rogowski coil 10 is proportional to the time difference of the measured current, so that the waveform of the measured current can be restored by connecting an integrating circuit.
The induced electromotive force is related to the number of wire turns and the area of the wire turns, so that by increasing the number of wire turns and increasing the induced magnetic flux of the coil, the induced electromotive force can be increased. On the other hand, by properly increasing the width of the wire turns, the area of the wire turns can be increased to a certain extent, so that the magnetic flux passing through the hollow wire turns can be increased and the induced electromotive force can be increased.
Therefore, the present invention induces the current signal in the circuit to be detected through the PCB Rogowski coil 10, and obtains the corresponding induced electromotive force, the sampling resistor 11 is connected to the PCB Rogowski coil 10 to obtain a sampling voltage corresponding to the induced electromotive force; the signal amplifying circuit 12 is connected to the sampling resistor 11 to amplify and output the sampling voltage; the integration and voltage holding circuit 13 is connected to the signal amplification circuit 12, performs integration processing on the amplified sampling voltage to obtain a voltage signal proportional to the current signal in the circuit to be detected, and holds the maximum value of the voltage signal; the micro-controller 14 is connected to the integrating and voltage holding circuit 13, performs ADC sampling on the maximum value of the voltage signal, and obtains the current peak value of the current signal in the circuit to be measured according to the ADC sampling data and the preset current calibration data.
Wherein the micro-controller 14 may set the sampling port as an ADC input, and turn on ADC sampling. A timer may also be configured for periodically sampling the ADC signal, the timing time can be adjusted as required, and count down. When the count value reaches the set value 0, it will generate a timer interrupt, wherein the interrupt interval time is a set time. The ADC sampled data processed in an interrupt service function, after an interrupt occurs, the interrupt flag bit needs to be cleared to occur interrupt again. At the same time, the count value will be reloaded as the set count value, and counting again. After the ADC data is received again, a sampling value can be obtained. Under the condition of short sampling time interval, the current change curve can be accurately restored. Of course, it is also possible to sample only the value of corresponding stage, such as peak value current.
In order to obtain the actual current in the circuit to be detected from the ADC sampling data, current calibration needs to be carried out, that is, the reference current source is used to select the current value at a certain interval as the reference value, and the corresponding data of the current peak value measurement apparatus 100 at the current is obtained respectively. In other words, when the set current flows through the circuit to be detected, the micro-controller 14 can sample the corresponding data in this state. Therefore, the corresponding linear relationship can be obtained in several stages. After the linear relationship is obtained, the sampled data of the micro-controller 14 will correspond to the actual current of the circuit to be detected one by one, and the actual current value at this time can be calculated according to the corresponding data.
It should be explained that the current peak value measurement apparatus 100 of the present invention not only can detect the peak current value, but also can restore the complete current change curve on the circuit to be detected by setting the sampling frequency of the micro-controller 14.
In one embodiment, please refer to
Specifically, please refer to
It should be noted that, for simplicity and clarity, the specific structure of the wire turn only shows the region B in
In one embodiment, the current peak value measurement apparatus 100 further includes a filter circuit disposed between the PCB Rogowski coil 10 and the signal amplification circuit 12
In one embodiment, please refer to
Specifically, a first input terminal (+ in the figure) and a second input terminal (− in the figure) of a differential amplifier U1 differentially amplify a sampling voltage across a sampling resistor 11, and output the amplified voltage through the output terminal. Wherein the power supply terminal of the differential amplifier U1 is also connected to power supply VCC, and the bias port of the differential amplifier is connected to bias voltage VBIAS, and its power supply terminal and bias port are respectively connected to correspondent filtering unit.
In one embodiment, as showing in
Specifically, the RC integrating circuit is used for integrating the output signal of the signal amplifying circuit 12, the induced electromotive force of the PCB Rogowski coil is directly proportional to the differential of the measured current to time, therefore, the waveform of the measured current can be restored only by connecting an integrating circuit. Because the diode has the unidirectional conduction characteristic, the maximum voltage value of the first capacitor C1 can be kept by arranging the first diode D1, even if the current is reduced, the maximum voltage value can also be kept, thereby ensuring that the peak value current or the current peak value of the measured current can be accurately sampled by the micro-controller 14.
In one embodiment, as shown in
Specifically, after the signal at the input terminal of the micro-controller 14, i.e. the sampling port of ADC, is sampled, the voltage of the first capacitor C1 is released by controlling the port level state of the control end of the micro-controller 14, and after the voltage is released, the sampling can be carried out again.
In one embodiment, the current peak value measurement apparatus 100 further includes a second diode D2, wherein the second diode D2 is connected between the input terminal of the micro-controller 14 and ground.
Specifically, a second diode D2 is provided between the input terminal of the micro-controller 14 and the ground for preventing the voltage of the front terminal from being too high and ensuring that the voltage of the input terminal (sampling port) of the micro-controller 14 is within a stable range.
In one embodiment, the filter circuit includes a common-mode inductor L1, the common-mode inductor L1 is disposed between an output terminal of a PCB Rogowski coil 10 and a sampling resistor 11.
Specifically, the common-mode inductor L1 (Common mode Choke), also known as common mode choke, is used to suppress electromagnetic waves generated by high-speed signal lines to emit outward radiation, the common-mode inductor is essentially a bidirectional filter, on the one hand to filter out the common mode electromagnetic interference on the signal line, on the other hand, to inhibit itself from emitting electromagnetic interference, to avoid affecting the normal operation of other electronic devices in the same electromagnetic environment. That is, the common-mode electromagnetic interference on the signal line is filtered out while the suppression itself does not emit electromagnetic interference.
In one embodiment, as shown in
Specifically, the first magnetic bead L2 and the second magnetic bead L3 are equivalent to the resistance and inductance in series, but both the resistance and inductance values vary with frequency. In the embodiments, they are used to eliminate differential mode interference, suppress high-frequency noise and peak interference, and absorb electrostatic pulses. As shown in
In one embodiment, a filter circuit includes a common-mode filter capacitor and a differential-mode filter capacitor disposed between the sampling resistor 11 and the signal amplification circuit 12.
In particular, as shown in
In one implementation mode, as shown in
In one implementation mode, as shown in
In an embodiment, the micro-controller 14 is further configured to perform digital filtering on the ADC sampling data to filter abnormal data in the multiple ADC sampling data, and take an average value of the multiple ADC sampling data after filtering for obtaining a current peak value of the current signal in the circuit to be detected according to the current calibration data; wherein the abnormal data includes a minimum value and/or a maximum value of the plurality of ADC sampled data.
Specifically, if the corresponding peak current value is obtained from the single sampling value of micro-controller 14 during the preset period (there is a stable moment at the peak value of the pulse current), there may be some deviation. In order to avoid the impact of the deviation of the sampled data, the abnormal data is filtered by digital filtering in the present embodiment. That is, during data sampling, data is processed after multiple sampling times. For example, when the sampling times is 32 times, micro-controller 14 performs data processing after 32 sampling times, sorts the 32 times of data successively from smallest to largest, and removes the smallest group of data and the largest group of data after sorting. Of course, according to the time situation, it can also be the smallest multiple sets of data and the largest multiple sets of data, and then the remaining data is averaged to obtain the effective data after a filter. According to the effective data and current calibration data, the current peak value of the current signal in the circuit to be detected can be obtained.
In an embodiment, as shown in
Specifically, the storage module 15 may be a Flash memory, the Flash memory is a serial SPI chip, addressed according to address when data is stored. Every time the data is increased by one, the count value is automatically increased by one, the first address to be addressed is data number * data length, the count value also can be stored, the data can be stored in the address tail portion of Flash memory. When the current peak value measurement apparatus 100 is used for the therapeutic device for vascular calcification, the Flash memory also can store data information of device ID, etc. For example, the data storage format is referenced as follows:
In conclusion, the present invention, in one aspect, performs current sampling through a PCB Rogowski coil 10, using non-contact detection, does not affect the original discharge loop. Its advantages are high safety and response speed, and high saturation current up to thousands of amperes. Moreover, the PCB coil has the advantages of simple structure, stable process, higher consistency and lower cost; on the other hand, the peak current of each time can be stably and accurately measured through a signal amplifying circuit 12 and an integration and voltage holding circuit 13, and the treatment effect can be monitored in real time when the therapeutic device for vascular calcification is used for treatment.
The embodiment of the present invention also provides a high voltage generator, please refer to
Specifically, the power supply module 110 supplies power to the booster circuit 120 and the micro-controller 14, the booster circuit 120 is used for generating a high-voltage required for treatment, and the power supply voltage can be boosted to the required high-voltage through the booster circuit 120.
An embodiment of the present invention further provides a therapeutic device for vascular calcification, please refer to
In the use of the therapeutic device for vascular calcification for the treatment of calcified tissue in blood vessels, the specific process is: through the guide wire, the internal tube with several consumable electrodes 400 distributed at the distal end and the balloon wrapped outside the internal tube are transported to the calcified tissue in the blood vessel to be treated, and the balloon is filled with liquid (conductive liquid, such as normal saline). After filling the liquid, the high voltage generator is energized, and the high voltage generator generates a high voltage discharge circuit, which makes the consumable electrode 400 produce shock wave, and through the shock wave, the calcification focus attached to the blood vessel wall is crushed.
The above is only a better embodiment of the invention and is not intended to limit the invention in any form, although the invention has been disclosed as a better embodiment, but is not intended to limit the invention, any skilled person familiar with the profession, within the scope of the technical scheme of the invention, When the technical content disclosed above is used to make some changes or modifications into equivalent embodiments of equivalent changes, but any simple modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments according to the technical substance of the invention that are not removed from the content of the technical scheme of the invention, are still within the scope of the technical scheme of the invention.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 202111005958.6 | Aug 2021 | CN | national |
| Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/CN2022/115995 | 8/30/2022 | WO |
