Patent Application
20180243172
The present invention relates to compliance management and in particular, to a dispensing cap that can be part of a customizable modular cap system and controls dispensing of articles based on compliance to a prescribed dispensing schedule and also keeps a record of the dispensing history and is configured to receive a selected insert (adapter) to permit the dispensing cap to mate with a selected bottle having prescribed characteristics (dimensions).
There are many different situations in which the contents in a receptacle, such as a bottle, are dispensed according to a schedule and it is desirable to maintain a log to see if the dispensing schedule was adhered to. One such setting is the dispensing of medication from a bottle.
The majority of medicines and drugs require administration in a series of doses at specific times over a period of time for increased effectiveness. Outside of a hospital or clinic setting, this usually requires the patient or an individual caring for the patient to be responsible for keeping track of the medication in question. However, a frequent problem is that the patient or the individual caring for the patient errs in the administration of the medicine. Patients may forget to take a dose of their medication, be tardy in taking a dose, or forget entirely to take a dose and/or take a second dose too soon, etc.
In addition, with some drugs, such as controlled substances (e.g., oxycodone), there is a risk that patient may not follow the dosage instructions as a result of a drug addiction and/or there is even a risk that a patient may illegally sell and distribute some of the pills and then subsequently allege that the pills are misplaced, lost, or stolen, etc.
A number of approaches to solving the above problems have been proposed and embodied in different devices. In particular, there are a number of devices that include a pill case or box with a timer or alarm to alert the patient that a certain time period has passed and that the medication should be taken. Also, these simple alarms provide no means to ensure or check compliance with administration of the medication. Moreover, if the patient fails to take the medication at the prescribed time, the patient is likely to fail to reset the timer or alarm.
In addition, existing products are not particularly suited to handle different sized and different shaped pills but instead, typically require a new entire dispensing device for different categories of pills. This is costly and also overly complex.
In addition, the traditional dispensing devices are configured to work only with a bottle of a single type. As will be readily appreciated, medicine bottles comes in many different sizes based in part on the size of pills themselves and/or the quantity of the pills that are contained in the bottle. Thus, when the dispensing device is incorporated into the cap, the device can only mate with a single bottle and if additional prescriptions are obtained that have different bottle sizes, the user would be unable to use the dispensing device with those other bottles. There is therefore a need for a medication dispensing device that is configured to mate with different sized bottles.
In accordance with the present invention, a dispensing cap, such as a medication dispensing cap, that is part of a modular cap system and is configured to be securely attached to a bottle includes a base having a first compartment that contains a power source and a second compartment that is below the first compartment. The second compartment is defined by a peripheral side wall that includes on an inner surface thereof one or more locking tabs. The dispensing cap also includes an insert that is configured to be received within the second compartment. The insert includes a peripheral side wall and further including inner threads that are configured to threadingly mate with outer threads of the bottle for securely attaching the dispensing cap to the bottle. The insert includes a locking lip that snap-fittingly mates with the one or more locking tabs to detachably attach the insert to the base within the second compartment.
As shown in
The dispensing cap 100 is formed of two main parts, namely, a base 200 and an insert 300 (
The base 200 also can include one or more safety tabs 205 (push tabs) that are configured to release and remove the medication dispensing cap 100 from the bottle 10 and allow access to the contents within.
As will be described in more detail herein, within the second compartment 240, the base 200 includes one or more locking tabs 250 (e.g., a male or female locking member). Preferably, the base 200 includes a plurality of locking tabs 250 that are formed circumferentially about the peripheral side wall 210 in spaced relationship. Each of the locking tabs 250 comprises a tab or protrusion (rail) that extends inwardly into the second compartment 240. The locking tab 250 can be thought of as defining a ledge. The inner surface of the peripheral side wall 210 includes one or more and preferably a plurality of ribs 255. The ribs 255 are oriented vertically.
An outer surface of the peripheral side wall 310 includes a plurality of ribs 330 that extend circumferentially about the peripheral side wall 310. The ribs 330 are oriented vertically. An inner surface of the peripheral side wall 310 includes inner threads 350 that are configured to interlocking and threadingly mate with the outer threads of the bottle 10. The first insert 300 also includes a locking lip 360 (e.g., male or female locking member) that is defined along the top edge of the first insert 300. The locking lip 360 protrudes outwardly from the peripheral side wall 310 and represents a circumferential flange. As shown, the locking lip 360 includes a chamfered (beveled) edge 362 that can act as a cam surface. A space 370 is formed between the locking lip 360 and the ribs 330.
As shown, when the first insert 300 is inserted into the second compartment 240 of the base 200, the chamfered edge 362 of the locking lip 360 contacts the chamfered edge 252 of the locking tab 250 and the parts 200, 300 are permitted to have some flexibility such that continued insertion of the first insert 300 into the base 200 results in the locking lip 360 clearing the locking tab 250 resulting in attachment between the first insert 300 and the base 200. In other words, a snap fit is formed between the two parts 200, 300. Tactile and/or auditory feedback is received by the user during this coupling motion. The inner rail 253 seats against the peripheral side wall 310. In addition, the vertical ribs 255 can locate and restrict rotation of the insert within the base 200. The vertical ribs 255 engage the ribs 330.
It will be understood that other locking arrangements between the insert 300 and base 200 can be used, such as a male/female locking arrangement, etc. For example, in a male/female arrangement, the male part (e.g., protrusion) which is associated with one of the insert 300 and base 200 slides into engagement with a female part (e.g., opening).
To detach the first insert 300 from the base 200, the user can insert a tool into the space between the peripheral side walls 210, 310 and is manipulated to cause the disengagement between the locking lip 360 from the locking tab 250, thereby freeing the insert 300 for removal from the base 200.
An outer surface of the peripheral side wall 410 includes a plurality of ribs 430 that extend circumferentially about the peripheral side wall 410. The ribs 430 are oriented vertically. An inner surface of the peripheral side wall 410 includes an inner circumferentially wall 415 that is disposed about the center opening 425. The inner circumferentially wall 415 includes inner threads 450 that are configured to interlocking and threadingly mate with the outer threads of the bottle 10. The first insert 400 also includes a locking lip 460 that is defined along the top edge of the second insert 400. The locking lip 460 protrudes outwardly from the peripheral side wall 410 and represents a circumferential flange. As shown, the locking lip 460 includes a chamfered (beveled) edge 462 that can act as a cam surface. A space 370 is formed between the locking lip 460 and the ribs 430.
Structural support is built into the second insert 400 by including support ribs 470 that are formed between the inner surface of the peripheral side wall 410 and the inner circumferential wall 415. The support ribs 470 can be in the shape of triangular shaped ribs that are integral to the inner wall 420.
It will be understood that the construction of the medication dispensing cap 100 of the present invention permits the cap 100 to fit any number of different sized bottles by offering a single base 200 and a number of inserts (adapters) 300 that can be chosen in view of the bottle size. Unlike traditional dispensing caps in which the entire cap is constructed to mate to a single bottle only, the present invention employs a modular construction in which the common base 200 is constructed to be used with one insert (adapter) 300 chosen from amongst a set of inserts 300 that are each configured to mate with one bottle 10.
In accordance with the present invention, the caps described herein can, in one embodiment, be configured to detect when the cap is removed from the bottle and to record (i.e., date stamp) the temporal details of such event. The cap thus includes a means for detecting (detection means) when the cap is detached and removed from the bottle. For example, a mechanical switch can be provided within the cap such that when the bottle is mated to the cap, the switch is closed and when the cap is removed from the bottle, the switch opens and a signal is generated to indicate such event. Instead of a mechanical switch, any number of other suitable sensors and related technologies can be implemented. For example, the sensor can be an optical sensor, an inductive sensor, a capacitive sensor, etc. that is configured to detect when the cap is removed from the bottle. The detection means (e.g., a switch) can be disposed in any number of different locations within the second compartment of the base and in particular, can be located along the upper region of the peripheral side wall or can be located along the underside of the inner wall that extends between the peripheral side wall of the base. When the detection means is in the form of a mechanical switch, the switch is located where it does not interfere with the threading between the bottle and the cap but is positioned such that when the bottle is tightly secured to the base, the mechanical switch is compressed so as to close a circuit or the like and a signal is generated. In one embodiment, the base includes a PCB that has pogo pin style connectors that connect to one or more contacts in the body of the base. In the center hole of the insert there is an actuator that moves up or down based on the closing or opening of the bottle. When the bottle is closed, the actuator is maintained in an up position resulting in contact with the contacts on the base body and the pogo pins that connect to the PCB. In this fashion, a mechanical switch is formed and the closing of the bottle (by screwing the cap thereto) results in closing of the switch which is registered and recorded by the PCB.
The power source is thus connected to a processor which is operatively connected to the means for detecting the removal of the cap from the bottle and thus, when the cap is removed, a signal is received by the processor to record such event in memory, etc. Also the cap can include transmission means (e.g., Bluetooth connection or cellular transmitter, etc.) that allows the events recorded by the cap to be transmitted over a network to another site, such as a computing device, server, etc. The transmitter can be contained in the first compartment. As also mentioned, a light source, such as an LED, is also disposed within the first compartment underneath the cover and connected to the power source and processor to allow timed illumination of the cover to indicate certain events, such as a dispensing time.
It will also be appreciated that while the specification describes the cap as being part of a medication bottle system, the present invention is not limited in scope to such single application since this is merely one exemplary application. Thus, the caps discloses herein can be attached to any number of different sized receptacles, such as bottles or containers. The contents of the receptacles can be a wide number of different articles and medication is merely one exemplary embodiment; however, the contents can be virtually any type of content that can be contained in a receptacle. The contents can be a liquid or solid and take any number of different forms.
Moreover, while the dispensing cap can include a means for detecting when the cap is removed from the bottle, the cap constructions and modular cap system disclosed herein can be incorporated into traditional cap designs that do not include such monitoring/detection system.
Notably, the figures and examples above are not meant to limit the scope of the present invention to a single embodiment, as other embodiments are possible by way of interchange of some or all of the described or illustrated elements. Moreover, where certain elements of the present invention can be partially or fully implemented using known components, only those portions of such known components that are necessary for an understanding of the present invention are described, and detailed descriptions of other portions of such known components are omitted so as not to obscure the invention. In the present specification, an embodiment showing a singular component should not necessarily be limited to other embodiments including a plurality of the same component, and vice-versa, unless explicitly stated otherwise herein. Moreover, applicants do not intend for any term in the specification or claims to be ascribed an uncommon or special meaning unless explicitly set forth as such. Further, the present invention encompasses present and future known equivalents to the known components referred to herein by way of illustration.
The foregoing description of the specific embodiments will so fully reveal the general nature of the invention that others can, by applying knowledge within the skill of the relevant art(s) (including the contents of the documents cited and incorporated by reference herein), readily modify and/or adapt for various applications such specific embodiments, without undue experimentation, without departing from the general concept of the present invention. Such adaptations and modifications are therefore intended to be within the meaning and range of equivalents of the disclosed embodiments, based on the teaching and guidance presented herein. It is to be understood that the phraseology or terminology herein is for the purpose of description and not of limitation, such that the terminology or phraseology of the present specification is to be interpreted by the skilled artisan in light of the teachings and guidance presented herein, in combination with the knowledge of one skilled in the relevant art(s).
While various embodiments of the present invention have been described above, it should be understood that they have been presented by way of example, and not limitation. It would be apparent to one skilled in the relevant art(s) that various changes in form and detail could be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention should not be limited by any of the above-described exemplary embodiments, but should be defined only in accordance with the following claims and their equivalents.
