BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to a cutter assembly and high volume submersible shredder pump. These are for reducing the size of solids within a liquid which is to be pumped by chopping, shredding, cutting or grinding.
2. Description of the Related Art
There is great commercial interest in centrifugal pumps which are capable of pumping liquids and slurries containing solid matter such as small pieces of disposed items. These pumps have the capability of chopping, shredding, cutting or grinding solid matter in the liquid mixture permitting the output from the pump to be disposed of more readily. Shredding pumps are used in liquid transfer applications that require size reduction for solid or semisolid materials contained in a liquid, in order to cut or shred such materials. The pump of the present invention includes an improved cutting assembly which is particularly useful when mounted to the suction side of submersible pumps that pump raw sewage, fish silage, byproducts of slaughter houses, waste water of paper mills and similar tough applications. These solid or semisolid materials are reduced in size such that a slurry is formed, which is more easily pumped than the solids themselves. These pumps have an inlet connected to a pumping chamber, and a driven shaft extending through the pumping chamber and into the inlet. The shaft rotates a cutting cylinder or disk in proximity to a plate cutter, thereby effecting the cutting action of the pump. Many other variations and configurations of grinder pumps are known, which provide shearing action between parts operating cooperatively at close tolerances. Examples of such pumps are disclosed in prior U.S. Pat. No. 3,650,081; 3,961,758; 4,108,386; 4,378,093; 4,454,993; 4,640,666; 4,697,746; 4,842,479; 5,016,825; 5,044,566; 5,256,032; 6,010,086; and 6,190,121.
U.S. Pat. No. 7,159,806 provides a cutting assembly for a grinder pump comprised of a rotary cutter rotatable against an opposing plate cutter. The cutting edges of the plate cutter include a plurality of V-slice cutting teeth, which create bridging spaces to pinch material which is being sucked in to ports and begin cutting along the V-slice and then for cut material to pass through and onward into the volute of the pump. The rotary cutter has a ground edge with a rake angle which shears the gathered material in cooperation with the cutting edges of the plate cutter. The grinder pump of U.S. Pat. No. 7,159,806 has an inner surface wall cover provided with a plurality of spiral grooves. These spiral grooves work cooperatively with the vanes of an impeller to outwardly eject any solid debris that begins to accumulate between the impeller vanes and wall. The impeller vanes of U.S. Pat. No. 7,159,806 are flat on the surface which meets the spiral grooves. The present invention improves on this prior design by employing cutting lobes having a grooved surface which mate with corresponding grooves of a circular plate cutter. As a result, many more cutting surfaces are provided which more effectively and quickly shred the solid materials within the liquid to be expelled. The inventive mechanism comprises a stationary perforated disc which is mounted to the suction casing of the pump and a shredder that is fastened to a rotating shaft; the interfacing of these two parts performs the actual shredding. The liquid moves freely thru the holes in the stationary plate and is readily pumped out. The solids that are larger than the holes in the stationary plate are immediately reduced in size by the rotating portion of the shredder mechanism.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The invention provides a cutting assembly comprising:
a) a drive shaft alternately rotatable in a first direction of rotation and a second direction of rotation;
b) a rotary cutter rotatably fixed to said drive shaft; the rotary cutter comprising a circular hub having a bore through a central axis of the bore, and an implement for fixing the drive shaft within the bore; a plurality of cutting lobes, each of said cutting lobes having an upper surface, a lower surface opposite to the upper surface, a leading edge and a trailing edge opposite to the leading edge; each cutting lobes having an aperture therethrough extending from and through the upper surface to and through the lower surface; each of the cutting lobes extending outwardly from the hub such that a center line equidistant between the leading edge and the trailing edge of each cutting lobe is substantially perpendicular to the central axis of the hub; the cutting lobes being distributed around a periphery of the hub such that each of the distances from the leading edge of each cutting lobe to the trailing edge of a next adjacent cutting lobe are substantially equal; the upper surface of each cutting lobe having a convex curvature extending from its leading edge to its aperture and from its aperture to its trailing edge; the lower surface of each cutting lobe having a plurality of grooves and a dividing wall between adjacent grooves, the grooves and dividing walls of each cutting lobe extending either from its leading edge to its trailing edge or from its leading edge to its aperture and from its aperture to its trailing edge; each of said grooves having the shape of an arc of a circle which is concentric with the central axis of the hub;
c) a circular plate cutter for mounting to the intake opening of a stationary volute; said plate cutter having a central plate bore, and a surface having a plurality of concentric grooves and a dividing wall between adjacent grooves; each of said grooves having the shape of an arc of a circle which is concentric with the central axis of the hub; the drive shaft being mounted for rotation within the plate bore; the plate cutter having a plurality of holes through its surface; the grooves and dividing walls from the lower surface of each cutting lobe being juxtaposed with corresponding dividing walls and grooves from the circular plate cutter.
The invention also provides a shredder pump comprising:
i) a stationary volute having an intake opening, and a discharge opening;
ii) a cutting assembly mounted in front of the intake opening, comprising:
- a) a drive shaft alternately rotatable in a first direction of rotation and a second direction of rotation;
- b) a rotary cutter rotatably fixed to said drive shaft; the rotary cutter comprising a circular hub having a bore through a central axis of the bore, and an implement for fixing the drive shaft within the bore; a plurality of cutting lobes, each of said cutting lobes having an upper surface, a lower surface opposite to the upper surface, a leading edge and a trailing edge opposite to the leading edge; each cutting lobes having an aperture therethrough extending from and through the upper surface to and through the lower surface; each of the cutting lobes extending outwardly from the hub such that a center line equidistant between the leading edge and the trailing edge of each cutting lobe is substantially perpendicular to the central axis of the hub; the cutting lobes being distributed around a periphery of the hub such that each of the distances from the leading edge of each cutting lobe to the trailing edge of a next adjacent cutting lobe are substantially equal; the upper surface of each cutting lobe having a convex curvature extending from its leading edge to its aperture and from its aperture to its trailing edge; the lower surface of each cutting lobe having a plurality of grooves and a dividing wall between adjacent grooves, the grooves and dividing walls of each cutting lobe extending either from its leading edge to its trailing edge or from its leading edge to its aperture and from its aperture to its trailing edge; each of said grooves having the shape of an arc of a circle which is concentric with the central axis of the hub;
- c) a circular plate cutter mounted to the intake opening of the stationary volute; said plate cutter having a central plate bore, and a surface having a plurality of concentric grooves and a dividing wall between adjacent grooves; each of said grooves having the shape of an arc of a circle which is concentric with the central axis of the hub; the drive shaft being mounted for rotation within the plate bore; the plate cutter having a plurality of holes through its surface; the grooves and dividing walls from the lower surface of each cutting lobe being juxtaposed with corresponding dividing walls and grooves from the circular plate cutter; wherein the drive shaft is mounted for rotation through a wall of the volute by a bearing and sealed by a mechanical seal;
iii) an impeller in the volute fixed around the drive shaft;
iv) an electric motor attached to an outer portion of the volute, and fixed to the drive shaft for rotating the drive shaft within the volute.
The invention further provides a method of shredding a solid within a liquid comprising:
I) providing a shredder pump comprising:
- i) a stationary volute having an intake opening, and a discharge opening;
- ii) a cutting assembly mounted in front of the intake opening, comprising:
- a) a drive shaft alternately rotatable in a first direction of rotation and a second direction of rotation;
- b) a rotary cutter rotatably fixed to said drive shaft; the rotary cutter comprising a circular hub having a bore through a central axis of the bore, and an implement for fixing the drive shaft within the bore; a plurality of cutting lobes, each of said cutting lobes having an upper surface, a lower surface opposite to the upper surface, a leading edge and a trailing edge opposite to the leading edge; each cutting lobes having an aperture therethrough extending from and through the upper surface to and through the lower surface; each of the cutting lobes extending outwardly from the hub such that a center line equidistant between the leading edge and the trailing edge of each cutting lobe is substantially perpendicular to the central axis of the hub; the cutting lobes being distributed around a periphery of the hub such that each of the distances from the leading edge of each cutting lobe to the trailing edge of a next adjacent cutting lobe are substantially equal; the upper surface of each cutting lobe having a convex curvature extending from its leading edge to its aperture and from its aperture to its trailing edge; the lower surface of each cutting lobe having a plurality of grooves and a dividing wall between adjacent grooves, the grooves and dividing walls of each cutting lobe extending either from its leading edge to its trailing edge or from its leading edge to its aperture and from its aperture to its trailing edge; each of said grooves having the shape of an arc of a circle which is concentric with the central axis of the hub;
- c) a circular plate cutter mounted to the intake opening of the stationary volute; said plate cutter having a central plate bore, and a surface having a plurality of concentric grooves and a dividing wall between adjacent grooves; each of said grooves having the shape of an arc of a circle which is concentric with the central axis of the hub; the drive shaft being mounted for rotation within the plate bore; the plate cutter having a plurality of holes through its surface; the grooves and dividing walls from the lower surface of each cutting lobe being juxtaposed with corresponding dividing walls and grooves from the circular plate cutter;
- wherein the drive shaft is mounted for rotation through a wall of the volute by a bearing and sealed by a mechanical seal;
- iii) an impeller in the volute fixed around the drive shaft;
- iv) an electric motor attached to an outer portion of the volute, and fixed to the drive shaft for rotating the drive shaft within the volute;
II) causing the electric motor to rotate the drive shaft in at least one direction of rotation;
III) passing a liquid, and an optional solid, through the cutting assembly and into the volute, and then causing the impeller to propel the liquid and the optional solid through the discharge opening.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a cross sectional view illustrating a shredder pump according to the invention.
FIG. 2 shows a perspective view of a lower surface of a rotary cutter.
FIG. 3 shows an assembly of circular plate cutter and a rotary cutter juxtaposed with one another.
FIGS. 4(
a), (b) and (c) show cross sections of the mating grooves and dividing walls of variants of a rotary cutter and a circular plate cutter.
FIG. 5 shows a bidirectional impeller which is useful for the present invention.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
FIG. 1 illustrates a shredder pump 10 according to the invention. It is shown to comprise a housing 1, encompassing a central motor chamber 13, in which is mounted an electric motor 3 which is powered by power cord 4. Motor 3 is preferably a heavy duty, oil filled, and thermally protected motor, as is well known in the art. Motor 3 is securely mounted to the housing 1 via upper and lower ball bearings 2. The motor rotates drive shaft 14 which in turn drives a non-wadding bidirectional impeller 8 within a stationary volute 5. Preferably the electric motor 3 is a bidirectional electric motor capable of rotating shaft 14 alternately in a first direction of rotation and a second direction of rotation responsive to controller 17. The volute is attached to housing 1, such as by bolts 9. Volute 5 has an intake opening 7, and a discharge opening 11. Shaft 14 extends from motor 3 through a lower floor of housing 1, through an upper wall of volute 5, and through intake opening 7. Motor 3 is separated from the volute 5 by mechanical seals 6 positioned around the shaft 14. The mechanical seals 6 prevent the entry of liquid into the motor chamber. Thus the drive shaft 14 is mounted for rotation through an upper wall of the volute by the lower of bearings 2 and sealed by mechanical seal 6. Rotatably fixed to an end of drive shaft 14 is a cutting assembly 12 which is positioned in front of intake opening 7. The cutting assembly 12 comprises the end of drive shaft 14 which is attached to a rotary cutter 16 and a stationary circular plate cutter 40 which will be described below.
FIG. 2 shows a detached, perspective view featuring a lower surface of a rotary cutter 16 which is fixed to and rotatable driven by drive shaft 14. Rotary cutter 16 comprises a circular hub 18 having a bore 20 through a central axis of the bore. It has a suitable implement for fixing the drive shaft within the bore such as keyway 22 and end cap 50, which is shown in FIG. 3. Extending outwardly from hub 18 are a plurality of cutting lobes 24. Each of the cutting lobes 24 have an upper surface 26, a lower surface 28 opposite to the upper surface, a leading edge 30 and a trailing edge 32 opposite to the leading edge. Each cutting lobe has an aperture 34 therethrough extending from and through the upper surface 26 to and through the lower surface 28. Each of the cutting lobes 24 extend outwardly from the hub 18 such that a center line equidistant between the leading edge 30 and the trailing edge 32 of each cutting lobe 24 is substantially perpendicular to the central axis of the hub 18. The cutting lobes 24 are distributed around a periphery of the hub 18 such that each of the distances from the leading edge 30 of each cutting lobe to the trailing edge 32 of a next adjacent cutting lobe are substantially equal. It is most preferred that the lobes 24 be substantially equally spaced around the hub 18 so that the rotary cutter 16 is balanced when rotating. As best seen in FIG. 3. the upper surface 26 of each cutting lobe 24 has a convex curvature extending from its leading edge 30 to its aperture 34 and from its aperture 34 to its trailing edge 32. As seen in FIG. 2, the lower surface 28 of each cutting lobe 24 has a plurality of grooves 36 and a dividing wall 38 between adjacent grooves 36. The grooves 36 and dividing walls 38 of each cutting lobe 24 extend either from its leading edge 30 to its trailing edge 32 or from its leading edge 30 to its aperture 34 and from its aperture 34 to its trailing edge 32. Each of said grooves 36 have the shape of an arc of a circle which is concentric with the central axis of the hub 18. As seen in FIG. 3, a further part of the cutting assembly is a circular plate cutter 40. Circular plate cutter 40 is mounted in front of the intake opening 7 of volute 5, such as by screws 42.
The circular plate cutter 40 has a central plate bore for receiving shaft 14, and a surface having a plurality of concentric grooves 44 and a dividing wall 46 between adjacent grooves 44. Each of the grooves 44 have the shape of an arc of a circle which is concentric with a central axis of the bore, as well as the hub a rotary cutter 16. The drive shaft 14 is mounted for rotation within the circular plate cutter bore. In this embodiment, the plate cutter 40 has a plurality of holes 48 extending completely therethrough from its top surface to its bottom surface. Although shown as circular holes in FIG. 3, the holes can be any of a variety of perforations of any shape, such as any geometrical shape, for example, circular, triangular, rectangular, polygonal, star-shaped, and the like, or they may be curved slots, slanted slots, radially arranged slots of any convenient length and width, or combinations thereof. In one embodiment, the holes 48, regardless of their shape, may be tapered in the thickness between the top surface and the bottom surface of plate cutter 40, thus providing each hole with an enhanced knife-like edge. When the cutting lobes 24 are mounted on shaft 14, the grooves 36 and dividing walls 38 from the lower surface of each cutting lobe 24 are juxtaposed with corresponding dividing walls 46 and grooves 44 from the circular plate cutter 40. Preferably the cutting lobes 24 are separated from the circular plate cutter 40 by a few thousandths of an inch by a metal spacer.
FIG. 3 shows an assembly of circular plate cutter 40, lobes 24 of rotary cutter 16 are juxtaposed with one another. The shaft 14, and rotary cutter 16 are preferably held together by a keyed joint, for example a key along shaft 14 which enters a keyway through the respective central bore of circular plate cutter 40, and rotary cutter 16, and finally attached by an end cap 50 and a socket head screw 15. The socket head screw 15 holds end cap 50 against rotary cutter 16, and preferably threads right into shaft 14. Although FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 show rotary cutters having three lobes, any desired number of lobes may be employed, for example from 2 lobes to 6 lobes, preferably 2 to 4 lobes.
The grooves 36 and dividing walls 38 from the lower surface of each cutting lobe 24 and corresponding dividing walls 46 and grooves 44 from the circular plate cutter 40, may have any convenient shape. In one embodiment, each of the grooves and dividing wall between adjacent grooves form a generally rectangular shaped cross-section as seen in FIG. 4(a). In another embodiment, each of the grooves and dividing wall between adjacent grooves form a generally V-shaped or triangular cross-section as seen in FIG. 4(b). In yet another embodiment, each of the grooves and dividing wall between adjacent grooves form a generally semi-circular shaped cross-section as seen in FIG. 4(c).
The mating grooves and dividing walls of the cutting lobes 24 and the circular plate cutter 40 present an improvement over the prior art by providing a much greater shredding surface area for size reduction of solids within liquids. In addition, the lobes having leading and trailing edges and central apertures in combination with the plurality of holes through the surface of the plate cutter, provide a much greater number of cutting edges for the reduction of solids.
In order to calculate at the net “Flow Area”, which is the equivalent area of a non-obstructed volute inlet opening, one deducts the area that is constantly being obstructed by the rotating cutter. Therefore, Net “Flow Area”=Total Area of the holes in the stationary circular plate cutter—Total Area being obstructed by the rotating rotary cutter. In the embodiment described herein having an aperture in each of the lobes of the rotating cutter lobes two distinct advantages are obtained, namely a reduction in the area being obstructed by the rotating cutter, which in turn increases the Net “Flow Area”, and an increase in the number of contact edges. Thus one prior art shredder pump claims 108 cuts per revolution. An example of the use of the inventive shredder pump may well shred solids at a rate of about 1,827 cuts per revolution.
FIG. 5 shows a bidirectional impeller 8 which is useful for the present invention. Impeller 8 is mounted for rotation around shaft 14 within volute 5, as seen in FIG. 1. It is shown to comprise a plurality of vanes 52. The number of vanes is easily determinable by the skilled artisan for the desired application. FIG. 5 shows 6 vanes. Each vane 52 has opposing curved faces having a convex surface. Such a bidirectional impeller is capable of propelling fluids and imbedded solids within the liquid toward the discharge opening 11 of volute 5 when the shaft is rotating in either of the first direction of rotation or a second direction of rotation. In one embodiment the shredder pump of the invention further comprises a controller 17 for alternating the direction of rotation of the shaft 14 in a first direction of rotation and a second direction of rotation. This is particularly useful when the controller senses an overload caused by excessive solids jammed in the openings of plate cutter 40, and automatically reverses the rotation of rotary cutter 16. This enables some of the solids to become dislodged, and the remaining solids to be cut by the new leading edges of the cutting lobes. The reversing feature is also very useful to undo any stringy material wadded around the rotary cutter 16. Such reverse direction controllers are well known in the art.
In use, the invention further provides a method of shredding a solid within a liquid comprising providing the above described a shredder pump. Then causing the electric motor to rotate the drive shaft in at least one direction of rotation; and then passing a liquid, and an optional solid, through the cutting assembly and into the volute, and then causing the impeller to propel the liquid and the optional solid through the discharge opening.
While the present invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to preferred embodiments, it will be readily appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. It is intended that the claims be interpreted to cover the disclosed embodiment, those alternatives which have been discussed above and all equivalents thereto.
Patent Application
20130108411
