The present application relates to cutting bits, and particularly to a cutting bit for an industrial machine and an extraction tool for the cutting bit.
Conventional continuous mining, longwall mining machines, and entry development machines include a cutter head including multiple cutting bit assemblies. In some embodiments, each cutting bit assembly includes a bit holder block coupled to a rotating drum. The bit holder block also includes a slot. In some embodiments, the slot receives a sleeve. The sleeve includes a bore and an outer surface engaging the slot of the bit holder block. A bit is secured within the bore of the sleeve.
In one aspect, a bit assembly for a cutting drum includes a sleeve and a bit. The sleeve includes shank portion, a flange positioned adjacent an end of the shank portion, and a bore extending through the flange and the shank portion. The flange includes a flange end surface. The bit includes a cutting end, a shank, and a shoulder positioned between the cutting end and the shank. At least a portion of the shank is positioned within the bore of the sleeve. The shank extends along a bit axis. The shoulder is positioned adjacent the end surface of the flange and includes an edge. A shoulder end surface defines a shoulder plane, a first inclined surface, and a second inclined surface. The edge extends along a perimeter of the shoulder. The first inclined surface is positioned between the edge and the shoulder end surface. The first inclined surface extends along the perimeter and is oriented at a first angle relative to the shoulder plane. The second surface is positioned between the shoulder end surface and the first inclined surface. The second inclined surface is oriented at a second angle relative to the shoulder plane. The first angle is larger than the second angle.
In another aspect, a cutting bit is provided for a bit assembly secured to a cutter head. The cutting bit includes a cutting end, a shank extending along a bit axis, and a shoulder positioned between the cutting end and the shank. The shoulder includes an outer edge defining a perimeter, a shoulder end surface defining a shoulder plane, a first inclined surface and a second inclined surface. The first inclined surface is positioned between the outer edge and the shoulder end surface. The first inclined surface extends along the perimeter and is oriented at a first acute angle relative to the shoulder plane. The second inclined surface is positioned between the shoulder end surface and the first inclined surface. The second inclined surface is oriented at a second acute angle relative to the shoulder plane, and the second acute angle is smaller than the first acute angle.
In yet another aspect, an extraction tool is provided for removing a portion of a cutting bit assembly of a cutter head. The cutting bit assembly including a bit having a shoulder end surface abutting an end surface of one of a sleeve and a bit holder. The extraction tool including a shaft and a head. The shaft includes a first end and a second end. The head is coupled to the second end of the shaft. The head includes a body and a pair of fingers extending away from the body. The body includes a face end surface. Each of the fingers includes a base end connected to the body and a distal end positioned away from the body, and the fingers are spaced apart from one another by a gap. A groove is formed between the base ends of the fingers. The head defines a plane positioned laterally between the fingers such that one of the fingers is positioned on one side of the plane and the other finger is positioned on the other side of the plane. Each finger further includes an upper surface and an inclined surface. The inclined surface extends at least partially between the distal end and the base end, and the inclined surface tapers inwardly toward the plane such that a first distance between the inclined surface and the plane proximate the distal end is greater than a second distance between the inclined surface and the plane proximate the groove. The inclined surface also tapers inwardly toward the plane from the upper surface such that a first offset distance between an upper edge of the inclined surface and the plane is greater than a second offset distance between a lower edge of the inclined surface and the plane.
Other aspects will become apparent by consideration of the detailed description and accompanying drawings.
Before any embodiments are explained in detail, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited in its application to the details of construction and the arrangement of components set forth in the following description or illustrated in the following drawings. The invention is capable of other embodiments and of being practiced or of being carried out in various ways. Also, it is to be understood that the phraseology and terminology used herein is for the purpose of description and should not be regarded as limiting. The use of “including,” “comprising” or “having” and variations thereof herein is meant to encompass the items listed thereafter and equivalents thereof as well as additional items. The terms “mounted,” “connected” and “coupled” are used broadly and encompass both direct and indirect mounting, connecting and coupling. Further, “connected” and “coupled” are not restricted to physical or mechanical connections or couplings, and can include electrical or hydraulic connections or couplings, whether direct or indirect. Also, electronic communications and notifications may be performed using any known means including direct connections, wireless connections, etc.
The boom 22 includes one end pivotably coupled to the frame 14 and another end supporting the cutter head 26. The boom 22 is pivotable about a pivot axis 54 that is generally transverse to the longitudinal axis of the frame 14. The boom 22 is pivoted by a pair of actuators 58 that are coupled between the frame 14 and the boom 22. In the illustrated embodiment, the actuators 58 are hydraulic jacks or cylinders.
As shown in
The sleeve 78 includes an elongated shank portion 94 (
Referring to
The bit 74 also includes a shoulder 118 positioned between the cutting end 106 and the shank 110. A portion of the bit 74 extending between the shoulder 118 and the cutting end 106 has an outer surface 120 defining a bit profile. The shoulder 118 includes an edge 122 defining an outer perimeter of the shoulder 118 and a shoulder end surface 126. In the illustrated embodiment, the shoulder end surface 126 extends around the end of the shank 110. In addition, the shoulder 118 includes a first inclined surface 134 and a second inclined surface 138. In the illustrated embodiment, the first inclined surface 134 is positioned adjacent the edge 122 and extends radially along the entire perimeter of the shoulder 118. In the illustrated embodiment, the second inclined surface 138 is positioned between the first inclined surface 134 and the shoulder end surface 126 and extends radially along the entire perimeter of the shoulder 118. In other embodiments, the first inclined surface 134 may extend along the outer perimeter but may not be contiguous with the edge 122. Similarly, in other embodiments, the second inclined surface 138 may extend along the perimeter of the shoulder 118 but may not be contiguous with the edge of the shoulder end surface 126. The inclined surfaces 134, 138 will be discussed in further detail below.
Referring again to
As shown in
In some embodiments, the first angle 164 is between approximately 45 degrees and 80 degrees. In some embodiments, the first angle 164 is between approximately 60 degrees and approximately 70 degrees. In some embodiments, the first angle 164 is approximately 65 degrees.
In some embodiments, the second angle 168 is between approximately 5 degree and approximately 30 degrees. In some embodiments, the second angle 168 is between approximately 5 degrees and approximately 20 degrees. In some embodiments, the second angle 168 is between approximately 10 degrees and approximately 15 degrees. In some embodiments, the second angle 168 is approximately 11 degrees.
In addition, in the illustrated embodiment the flange 96 further includes a third inclined surface 170 adjacent the forward end surface 98 and a fourth inclined surface 174 adjacent the third inclined surface 170. The third inclined surface 170 is positioned radially between the fourth inclined surface 174 and the forward end surface 98. The third inclined surface forms a third angle 178 relative to the shoulder plane 162, and the fourth inclined surface forms a fourth angle 182 relative to the shoulder plane 162.
In some embodiments, the third angle 178 is between approximately 5 degree and approximately 30 degrees. In some embodiments, the third angle 178 is between approximately 5 degrees and approximately 20 degrees. In some embodiments, the third angle 178 is between approximately 10 degrees and approximately 15 degrees. In some embodiments, the third angle 178 is approximately 11 degrees. In the illustrated embodiment, the third angle 178 is substantially equal to the second angle 168. The third angle 178 and the second angle 168 may form a combined wedge angle. In some embodiments, the combined wedge angle is between approximately 15 degrees and approximately 45 degrees. In some embodiments, the combined wedge angle is between 20 degrees and 35 degrees. In some embodiments, the combined wedge angle is between 20 degrees and 30 degrees. In some embodiments, the combined wedge angle is approximately 22 degrees.
In some embodiments, the fourth angle 182 is between approximately 45 degrees and 80 degrees. In some embodiments, the fourth angle 182 is between approximately 60 degrees and approximately 70 degrees. In some embodiments, the fourth angle 182 is approximately 65 degrees. In the illustrated embodiment, the fourth angle 182 is substantially equal to the first angle 164.
In other embodiments, the flange 96 may be formed without the third or fourth inclined surfaces 170, 174. For example, as shown in
Referring to
In some embodiments, the flange angle 202 is between approximately 5 degree and approximately 40 degrees. In some embodiments, the flange angle 202 is between approximately 5 degrees and approximately 30 degrees. In some embodiments, the flange angle 202 is between approximately 5 degrees and approximately 22.5 degrees. In some embodiments, the flange angle 202 is between approximately 10 degrees and approximately 22.5 degrees. In some embodiments, the flange angle 202 is between approximately 10 degrees and approximately 15 degrees. In some embodiments, the flange angle 202 is approximately 15 degrees. In some embodiments, the flange angle 202 is approximately 11 degrees.
In some embodiments, the block angle 206 is between approximately 5 degree and approximately 40 degrees. In some embodiments, the block angle 206 is between approximately 5 degrees and approximately 30 degrees. In some embodiments, the block angle 206 is between approximately 5 degrees and approximately 22.5 degrees. In some embodiments, the block angle 206 is between approximately 10 degrees and approximately 22.5 degrees. In some embodiments, the block angle 206 is between approximately 10 degrees and approximately 15 degrees. In some embodiments, the block angle 206 is approximately 15 degrees. In some embodiments, the block angle 206 is approximately 11 degrees.
In some embodiments, the block angle 206 is substantially equal to the flange angle 202, and the block angle 206 and the flange angle 202 form a combined angle. In some embodiments, the combined angle is between approximately 15 degrees and approximately 45 degrees. In some embodiments, the combined angle is between 20 degrees and 35 degrees. In some embodiments, the combined angle is between 20 degrees and 30 degrees. In some embodiments, the combined angle is approximately 22 degrees.
Although the forward surface 90 of the block 82 and the rear surface 100 of the flange 96 each include a single inclined surface in
Also, in some embodiments, the cutting bit assembly 66 may be formed without a sleeve such that the bit 74 is secured directly to the block 82. In such a configuration, the forward surface 90 of the block 82 may be formed to include multiple inclined surfaces similar to the structure shown in
The multiple inclined surfaces between the shoulder 118 and the flange 96 provide a space for an operator to insert an edge of a prying tool or extraction tool in order to apply force and extract the bit 74 from the sleeve 78. In particular, the shallow second angle 168 of the second inclined surface 138 provides significant mechanical advantage when the working end of an extraction tool engages the second inclined surface 138. Typically, an impact force is applied (e.g., by striking a hammer) against an end of the extraction tool. In some embodiments, the shallow second angle 168 multiplies this impact force by a factor of four or more, thereby allowing an operator to remove the bit 74 from the sleeve 76 without excessive effort. In addition, because the inclined surfaces 134, 138 extend along the entire perimeter of the shoulder 118, the working end of the extraction tool may be inserted at any radial position between the bit 74 and the sleeve 78. This is in contrast to some conventional bits, which may only include notches at predetermined points on an outer perimeter of the bit. After use, the notches may not be readily accessible by the tool.
As shown in
As shown in
Referring to
In addition, as best shown in
Although aspects of the cutting bit assembly 66 have been described in the context of a mining machine, it is understood that the cutting bit assembly 66 could be incorporated into other types of machines having earth-engaging attachments, including other types of mining machines, construction machines, and road milling machines.
Although aspects have been described in detail with reference to certain preferred embodiments, variations and modifications exist within the scope and spirit of one or more independent aspects as described.
This application claims the benefit of and priority to prior-filed, U.S. Provisional Application No. 62/145,603, filed Apr. 10, 2015, and U.S. Provisional Application No. 62/202,573, filed Aug. 7, 2015. The entire contents of these documents are hereby incorporated by reference herein.
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