Cylinder head for internal combustion engines

Abstract

A cylinder head for an internal combustion engine is constructed with a camshaft holder assembly. The camshaft holder assembly consists of several cylindrical recesses which form the camshaft support bearing, the camshaft positioning guide, and an accommodating chamber. Lubricant flows through the camshaft support bearing and accumulates in the accommodating chamber, which encloses a coupling between the camshaft and the drive shaft of an auxiliary device, for lubricating and cooling the coupling. The lubricant is maintained at a relatively constant level in the accommodating chamber by an inclined flow passage to the lubricant return passage in the cylinder head and the splashing action of the coupling within the accommodating chamber.

Description

The present invention relates to a cylinder head for an internal combustion engine and, more particularly, to a cylinder head for an internal combustion engine which is equipped with an auxiliary device designed to be directly connected to and driven by an overhead camshaft, and a method for lubricating the essential elements of such a combination.

The drive shaft of the auxiliary device is coupled through a coupling member, such as an Oldham's Coupling, to the end portion of the camshaft, which is arranged on the upper face of the cylinder head, so that the rotations of the camshaft are directly transmitted to the drive shaft of the auxiliary device, thereby driving the same. The coupling portion between the camshaft and the auxiliary device drive shaft is fed with a lubricant to prevent overheating and excessive wear of the components.

The prior art requires lubrication passages to be specially formed in the cylinder head of the engine so that the camshaft support bearing and the coupling portion between the camshaft and the auxiliary device drive shaft may be lubricated. This makes the construction of the cylinder head more complex and increases the number of manufacturing working steps. The net result is a more expensive product due to the special manufacturing processes involved.

The object of the present invention is to provide a cylinder head for an internal combustion engine which permits continuous lubrication of the camshaft support bearing and the coupling between the camshaft and the drive shaft of the auxiliary device, without increasing the difficulty or cost of manufacturing such a cylinder head. In order to achieve that object there is provided a cylinder head for an internal combustion engine, in which an overhead camshaft is supported at one end by a camshaft bearing portion formed on the upper face of the cylinder head, which mounts on to the internal combustion engine, and on which the body of the auxiliary device to be driven by the camshaft is fitted and mounted.

The camshaft holder has an internal chamber for accommodating the coupling between the camshaft and the drive shaft of the auxiliary device. The accommodating chamber is located between the camshaft bearing portion of the cylinder head and the body of the auxiliary device. Lubricant is allowed to flow through the camshaft bearing portion area to the accommodating chamber. The lubricant is then contained in the accommodating chamber to lubricate the coupling portion. A passage is provided for the excess lubricant to flow back to the main reservoir. This eliminates the need for separate lubricant feeding passages to the camshaft support bearing and the coupling between the camshaft and the drive shaft of the auxiliary device.

Other and more detailed objects and advantages of this invention will appear from the accompanying drawings wherein:

FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view, showing the camshaft holder and the essential portion of the cylinder head for the embodiment of the present device.

FIG. 2 is a top plan view of the portion of the cylinder head shown in FIG. 1.

FIG. 3 is a section taken along line III--III of FIG. 2.

FIG. 4 is a partially sectional side view showing an auxiliary device mounted on the cylinder head of FIGS. 1 and 2.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a camshaft mounting portion 11 of the cylinder head 10 is formed with a semi-cylindrical camshaft bearing portion 11a whose longitudinal axis is in the same direction as the longitudinal axis L of the cylinder head 10. The camshaft mounting portion 11 has a side portion formed with a semi-cylindrical protrusion 12 which extends outwardly from the base of said mounting portion 11, coaxially with the aforementioned bearing portion 11a. A semi-cylindrical recess 12a and a semi-cylindrical fitting portion 12b, each with a predetermined radii, are formed within the protrusion 12. The longitudinal axis of each is aligned coaxially with the longitudinal axis of the camshaft bearing portion 11a. The radius and axial width of the semi-cylindrical recess 12a are formed to have predetermined larger sizes than the respective radii and axial widths of the aforementioned camshaft bearing portion 11a and fitting portion 12b.

In one side end portion of the aforementioned recess 12a, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, there is formed an oil guide groove 13 which is sloped at a predetermined angle A with respect to the cylinder head upper face 10c. Angle A is large enough so that the oil guide groove 13 is inclined both as to the upper face of the cylinder head 10c and the horizontal H when the cylinder head 10 is mounted on the engine. The oil guide groove 13 faces an oil return hole 10a formed in the upper face 10c of the cylinder head 10.

A boss portion 10b is formed to extend vertically upward from the upper face 10c of the cylinder head 10 by a predetermined amount and a bolt (not-shown) is inserted into the hole 10e to fixedly fasten the cylinder head 10 to a cylinder block (not shown). The oil return hole 10a is formed adjacent to the aforementioned boss portion 10b between the boss portion 10b and the outer wall of the cylinder head 10, as shown in FIG. 3. The oil return hole 10a thus formed allows the lubricant to flow back to the inside of a lubricant reservoir by way of a passage which is formed in the cylinder head 10 and the cylinder block wall.

A camshaft holder 20 is formed, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 4, by a camshaft holder body 21 and a protrusion 22 which corresponds to the camshaft mounting portion 11 and the protrusion 12, respectively. The camshaft holder body 21 is formed with a semi-cylindrical camshaft bearing portion 21a which corresponds to the aforementioned camshaft bearing portion 11a, whereas the protrusion 22 is formed with a semi-cylindrical recess 22a and a semi-cylindrical fitting portion 22b which correspond to the semi-cylindrical recess 12a and the semi-cylindrical fitting portion 12b of the aforementioned protrusion 12, respectively. A semi-circular groove 22c having a predetermined width is formed coaxially with, and adjacent to, the camshaft bearing portion 21a and the semi-cylindrical recess 22a. Additionally, the camshaft holder body 21 is formed with a port 21d which allows lubricant to flow between the oil passage 21'a of a rocker shaft 21' and the bearing portion 21a arranged in the upper portion of the camshaft holder body 21 under consideration.

The camshaft holder body 21 is arranged such that the camshaft bearing portion 21a of the camshaft holder body 21 and the camshaft bearing portion 11a of the camshaft mounting body 11 form an enclosure to support one end of the camshaft 30. In addition, the camshaft holder protrusion 22 recess 22a and fitting portion 22b form cylindrical enclosures with the recess 12a and the fitting portion 12b of the camshaft mounting protrusion 12, respectively, except that the camshaft mounting protrusion recess 12a has sufficient longitudinal length to form a cylindrical enclosure with the semi-circular groove 22c in the camshaft holder protrusion 22. The camshaft holder 20 is fixedly connected to the camshaft mounting portion 11 and the protrusion 12 by means of bolts which are inserted into bolt holes 21b and 21c of the camshaft holder 20 and screwed in threaded holes 11b and 12c of the camshaft mounting portion and the protrusion 12, respectively. Thus, the camshaft 30 has its one end borne by means of the camshaft bearing portions 11a and 21a, and an accommodating chamber 40 is formed by the recesses 12a and 22a. A flange 30a formed on the camshaft 30 fits in the enclosure formed by the semicircular groove 22c in the camshaft holder protrusion 22 and the recess 12a in the camshaft mounting protrusion 12a to maintain the position of the camshaft 30 with respect to the cylinder head 10.

An auxiliary device 60 has its body fitting portion 60b fitted liquid-tight by means of an O-ring 31 in the fitting hole which is formed by the respective fitting portions 12b and 22b of the camshaft mounting protrusion 12 and the camshaft holder 20 protrusion 22. The auxiliary device mounting portion 60c, formed on the lower portion of the fitting portion 60b, is fixedly fastened by means of bolts 70 in a frusto-conical seat 10d which is formed in a predetermined portion of the outer wall of the cylinder head 10 such that the auxiliary device 60 is fixed to one side end portion of the cylinder head 10.

The end portion of the camshaft 30 and the end portion of the drive shaft 60a of the auxiliary device 60 are directly connected by means of a coupling 50, for example an Oldham's Coupling, in the accommodating chamber 40. The accommodating chamber 40 constitutes a reservoir for the lubricant and has its side portion opened through the oil guide groove 13 (as shown in FIGS. 1 to 3).

In the cylinder head having the construction thus far described, the lubrication of the coupling portion between the camshaft 30 and the drive shaft 60a of the auxiliary device 60 is conducted in the following manner. As shown in FIG. 4, the lubricant, which is fed from the conventional oil pan to the passage 21'a in the rocker arm support shaft 21' in a conventional manner, flows to the surface of the camshaft 30 from that passage via the port 21d in the camshaft holder body 21. The lubricant will thereby lubricate the respective contact faces of the camshaft 30 and the camshaft bearing portions 11a and 21a. It then flows in the axial direction of the camshaft 30, past the positioning flange and towards the accommodating chamber 40 until it leaks into the accommodating chamber 40 where it is retained and thereby lubricates the coupling portion between the camshaft 30 and the drive shaft 60a of the auxiliary device 60.

The lubricant contained in the accommodating chamber 40 flows into the oil guide groove 13 up the inclined channel towards the boss portion 10b, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3. It then flows over the bolt head (not shown) fitted in the hole 10c of the aforementioned boss portion 10b, or around the base of said boss portion 10b, thus flowing on the upper face 10c of the cylinder head 10, until it flows into the oil return hole 10a. Since the oil guide groove 13 is sloped uphill towards the oil return hole 10a, and since the rotation of the coupling 50 is in a direction tending to prohibit the lubricant flow towards the lubricant return hole 10a, the lubricant is prevented from completely draining out of the aforementioned accommodating chamber 40. The lubricant that flows into the lubricant return hole 10a is returned to the lubricant reservoir by way of a passage in the cylinder head 10 and the cylinder block.

This lubricating system allows for the proper amount of lubricant to be retained in the accommodating chamber 40 to lubricate the coupling 50 enclosed therein, and prevents external leakage of excess lubricant by maintaining a constant level of lubricant in the accommodating chamber.

This design makes it unnecessary to provide a new lubricant feeding passage or the like in the cylinder head and makes it possible to simplify the manufacture of the cylinder head.

Claims

1. A cylinder head for an internal combustion engine which incorporates an overhead camshaft and an auxiliary device designed to be attached onto the end of the camshaft through a coupling, comprising, a camshaft support assembly with an upper and lower portion and means to attach the same, a lubricant inlet portion and cylindrical recesses in said assembly to provide a camshaft support bearing and to form an enclosure around the coupling, and a groove formed in said enclosure portion of said assembly leading to another portion to allow the excess lubricant to return to its source.

2. The cylinder head as set forth in claim 1 in which said enclosure around the coupling is formed between the camshaft support bearing formed by said assembly and the body of the auxiliary device, and said lubricant inlet port is formed in said upper portion of the camshaft support assembly, and said groove has an angle of inclination which is positive relative to the horizontal plane when the cylinder head is mounted on the internal combustion engine.

3. A cylinder head for an internal combustion engine with an upper face, utilizing an overhead camshaft and an auxiliary device whose drive shaft is designed to be attached directly to the end of the camshaft through a coupling, comprising, a camshaft mounting portion formed on the upper face of the cylinder head, a camshaft holder portion and means to attach said holder portion to said mounting portion thus forming a camshaft support bearing, a cylindrical recess formed within said mounting and holder portions to accommodate the coupling between the camshaft and the drive shaft of the auxiliary device, an upwardly inclined oil guide groove leading from said recess to an oil return hole formed in the upper face of the cylinder head which allows lubricant to flow from the camshaft support bearing into said coupling accommodation recess where it is retained for lubricating the coupling before the excess flows out said groove.

4. The cylinder head as set forth in claim 3 in which said recess which encloses the coupling is formed between the camshaft support bearing of said assembly and the body of the auxillary device, and said inclined oil guide groove has an angle of inclination which is positive relative to the horizontal plane when the cylinder head is mounted on the internal combustion engine.

5. A cylinder head for an internal combustion engine with an upper face and lubricant flow passages, which utilizes an overhead camshaft and camshaft support bearings and an auxiliary device which is directly connected to the camshaft through a coupling, comprising, a camshaft support assembly consisting of an upper and lower portion and means to connect the same, said lower portion of the assembly formed on the upper face of the cylinder head, cylindrical cavities formed within said assembly thereby forming the camshaft support bearing and an enclosure around the coupling, a passage formed in the upper portion of the camshaft support assembly which allows lubricant to flow from the lubricant flow passage in the cylinder head into said cylindrical cavities within said camshaft support assembly, and an inclined channel which runs from said cylindrical cavity contained within the camshaft support assembly to the upper face of the cylinder head and to a lubricant return passage formed in the upper face of the cylinder head.

6. The cylinder head as set forth in claim 5 in which a cylindrical groove is formed in said camshaft support assembly to maintain the camshaft positioning relative to the cylinder head, and said enclosure for the coupling is formed between the camshaft support bearing and the body of the auxiliary device, and said inclined channel has an angle of inclination which is positive relative to the horizontal plane when the cylinder head is mounted on the internal combustion engine.

7. A cylinder head for an internal combustion engine with an upper face and lubricant flow passages, which utilizes an overhead camshaft and camshaft support bearings, and an auxiliary device whose drive shaft is directly connected to the camshaft through a coupling, comprising, a camshaft support assembly consisting of an upper portion and means to attach the same, said lower portion of said assembly formed on the upper face of the cylinder head, cylindrical cavities formed within said assembled camshaft support assembly, said cavities having different axial and radial lengths, a passage in said upper portion of said assembly to allow lubricant to flow from the lubricant flow passage into said cylindrical cavity with the smallest radial length, wherein a camshaft support bearing is formed, and an inclined channel which runs from said cylindrical cavity of greatest radial length, wherein the coupling is enclosed, to the upper face of the cylinder head and to a lubricant return passage formed on the upper face of the cylinder head.

8. The cylinder head as set forth in claim 7 in which a cylindrical groove is formed in said camshaft support assembly to maintain the camshaft positioning relative to the cylinder head, and said cavity which encloses the coupling is formed between the camshaft support bearing of said camshaft support assembly and the body of the auxiliary device, and said inclined channel has an angle of inclination which is positive relative to the horizontal plane when the cylinder head is mounted on the internal combustion engine.

9. A cylinder head for an internal combustion engine with an upper face and lubricant flow passages, which utilizes an overhead camshaft and camshaft support bearings, a circular flange for maintaining the axial position of the camshaft and an auxiliary device which is directly connected to the camshaft through a coupling, comprising, a camshaft support assembly consisting of an upper and lower portion and means to connect the same, said lower portion of said assembly formed on the upper face of the cylinder head, cylindrical cavities formed within said assembly, said cavities having different axial and radial lengths, a lubricant flow passage formed within said upper portion of said assembly to allow lubricant to flow from the cylinder head lubricant flow passage into said cylindrical cavity with the smallest radial length which forms a camshaft support bearing, a second cavity adjacent to the first said cavity enclosing the camshaft positioning flange, a third cavity adjacent to said camshaft positioning flange cavity and having the greatest radial length, said third cavity enclosing the coupling, and an inclined channel which runs from the base of said third cavity enclosing the coupling to the upper face of the cylinder head and to a lubricant return passage formed in the upper face of the cylinder head.

10. A cylinder head for an internal combustion engine with an upper face and lubricant flow passages, which utilizes an overhead camshaft and camshaft support bearings, a circular flange for maintaining the axial position of the camshaft and an auxiliary device which is directly connected to the camshaft through a coupling, comprising, a camshaft support assembly consisting of an upper and lower portion and means to connect the same, said lower portion of said assembly formed on the upper face of the cylinder head, cylindrical cavities formed within said assembly, said cavities having different axial and radial lengths, a lubricant flow passage formed within said upper portion of said assembly to allow lubricant to flow from the cylinder head lubricant flow passage into said cylindrical cavity with the smallest radial length, which forms a camshaft support bearing, a second cavity adjacent to the first said cavity enclosing the camshaft positioning flange, a third cavity adjacent to said camshaft positioning flange cavity and having the greatest radial length, said third cavity encloses the coupling and is formed between the camshaft support bearing and the body of the auxiliary device, and an inclined channel which runs from the base of said third cylindrical cavity enclosing the coupling to the upper face of the cylinder head and to a lubricant return passage formed in the upper face of the cylinder head, said inclined channel having an angle of inclination which is positive relative to the horizontal plane when the cylinder head is mounted on the internal combustion engine.