Data processing method, equalizer and receiver

Information

  • Patent Grant
  • 8724687
  • Patent Number
    8,724,687
  • Date Filed
    Friday, April 6, 2012
    12 years ago
  • Date Issued
    Tuesday, May 13, 2014
    10 years ago
Abstract
A data processing method, an equalizer, and a receiver in a wireless communication system including a relay station are provided. The data processing method includes: receiving a base station signal from a base station; receiving a relay station signal from a relay station; determining a propagation delay between the base station signal and the relay station signal; generating an equalizing signal in which interference generated between the base station signal and the relay station signal is alleviated in consideration of the propagation delay; and recovering information bits transmitted by the base station from the equalizing signal. According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, it is possible to alleviate performance deterioration due to an interference problem generated in a relay system.
Description
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application claims the benefit of Korean Patent Application No. 10-2011-0032837 filed on Apr. 8, 2011, all of which are incorporated by reference in their entirety herein.


BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

1. Field of the Invention


The present invention relates to wireless communication, and more particularly, to an equalizing method and apparatus in a wireless communication system including a relay station.


2. Related Art


A relay technology is a technology of enabling a service to be provided to a service disabled mobile station positioned in a shadow region or improving a data transmission rate. In addition, the relay technology has been prominent as a dominant technology in both of IEEE 802.16m and LTE-Advanced that correspond to candidate technologies of IMT-advanced, which is the next generation mobile communication standard. However, the relay technology should overcome performance deterioration caused by a difference in a propagation time intrinsically existing between a plurality of communication channels.


An orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) system in which a relay station is not present prevents inter-symbol interference (ISI) using a cyclic prefix longer than a length of a channel impulse response. When the length of the channel impulse response is longer than a length of the CP, the ISI may be removed using a time domain equalizer (TEQ). However, a method of removing the ISI using the TEQ has a problem that noise is significantly amplified during a process of reducing a length of a channel. In order to solve this problem, a multi tap frequency domain equalizer (FEQ) is used.


SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention provides a data processing method, an equalizer, and a receiver.


The present invention also provides data processing method and a receiver capable of solving an interference problem generated due to a difference in a propagation time of a relay system.


The present invention provides a data processing method, an equalizer, and a receiver in which an equalizing signal is generated by multiplying a base station signal and a relay station signal by a weight vector.


The present invention provides an equalizing method and apparatus in a wireless communication system including a relay station.


In an aspect, a data processing method in a wireless communication system including a relay station is provided. The data processing method includes: receiving a base station signal from a base station; receiving a relay station signal from a relay station; determining a propagation delay between the base station signal and the relay station signal; generating an equalizing signal in which interference generated between the base station signal and the relay station signal is alleviated in consideration of the propagation delay; and recovering information bits transmitted by the base station from the equalizing signal.


The equalizing signal may be generated by multiplying the base station signal and the relay station signal by a weight vector.


The weight vector may be determined so as to maximize a signal to interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR).


The SINR or the weight vector may be a SINR or a weight vector by a predetermined mathematical model.


In another aspect, a receiver in a wireless communication system including a relay station is provided. The receiver includes: a receiving circuit receiving a base station signal from a base station and receiving a relay station signal from a relay station; an equalizer determining a propagation delay between the base station signal and the relay station signal and generating an equalizing signal in which interference generated between the base station signal and the relay station signal is alleviated in consideration of the propagation delay; and a decoder recovering information bits transmitted by the base station from the equalizing signal.


In still another aspect, an equalizer is provided. The equalizer includes: a determining unit determining a propagation delay between a base station signal received from a base station and a relay station signal received from a relay station and an equalizing unit generating an equalizing signal in which interference generated between the base station signal and the relay station signal is alleviated in consideration of the propagation delay.





BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS


FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a multi-hop relay system.



FIG. 2 is a block diagram schematically showing a configuration of a receiver according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.



FIG. 3 is a block diagram schematically showing a configuration of an equalizer of FIG. 2.



FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a difference in a propagation time generated between a base station signal and a relay station signal in a downlink of the multi-hop relay system.



FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a fast Fourier transform (FFT) period applied to an equalizer having three taps.



FIG. 6 is a flow chart schematically showing a data processing method according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.



FIG. 7 is a simulation result showing a channel impulse response between a base station and a mobile station and a channel impulse response between a relay station and a mobile station, used in simulation.



FIG. 8 is a simulation result showing frame error rate (FER) performance of an equalizer according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.





DESCRIPTION OF EXEMPLARY EMBODIMENTS


FIG. 1 shows a wireless communication system. A wireless communication system 10 includes at least one base station (BS) 11. Respective BSs 11 provide communication services to specific geographical regions (generally referred to as cells) 15a, 15b, and 15c. The cell can be divided into a plurality of regions (referred to as sectors).



FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a multi-hop relay system. The multi-hop relay system 100 indicates a mobile communication system in which communication between a base station (BS) 110 and a mobile station (MS) 120 is performed via several stages of relay stations 130.


Referring to FIG. 1, the MS 120 receives a base station signal hB 101 of the BS 110 and a relay station signal hR 102 of the RS 130. In the case in which the MS 120 is serviced by any one of the BS 110 and the RS 130, a signal of the other thereof acts as interference to a service signal.


The base station signal hB 101 and the relay station signal hR 102 have a difference in a propagation time therebetween. This difference in a propagation time causes inter-symbol interference (ISI). When orthogonal components of OFDM are dispersed by the ISI, it is difficult to recover a signal in a receiver 200. In order to prevent this performance deterioration, the receiver according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention includes an equalizer 220. The equalizer 220 may be a multi tap frequency domain equalizer by way of example.



FIG. 2 is a block diagram schematically showing a configuration of a receiver according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 2, the receiver 200 includes a receiving circuit 210, the equalizer 220, and a decoder 230.


The receiving circuit 210 receives the base station signal 101 from the BS 110 and receives the relay station signal 102 of the RS 130.


The equalizer 220 determines a propagation delay between the base station signal 101 and the relay station signal 102 and generates an equalizing signal 203 in which interference is alleviated in consideration of the propagation delay. In addition, the decoder 230 recovers information bits transmitted by the BS 110 from the equalizing signal 203.



FIG. 3 is a block diagram schematically showing a configuration of an equalizer of FIG. 2. Referring to FIG. 3, the equalizer 220 includes a determining unit 221 and an equalizing unit 222. The determining unit 221 determines the propagation delay between the base station signal 101 received from the BS 110 and the relay station signal 102 received from the RS 130, and the equalizing unit 222 generates the equalizing signal 203 in which the interference generated between the base station signal 101 and the relay station signal 102 is alleviated in consideration of the propagation delay.


In the multi-hop relay system 100 in which the difference in a propagation time may be mathematically implemented. In addition, the equalizer 220 may be designed through a mathematically implemented model.


The mathematical model of the multi-hop relay system 100 is as follows.


In the present invention, ( )* indicates a conjugation for a scalar or a vector, ( )T indicates a transpose, and ( )H indicates a Hermitian transpose. All of the vectors are column vectors. Generally, a Bold-faced capital latter indicates a matrix, and a Bold-faced small latter indicates a vector. However, in order to distinguish a time domain and a frequency domain from each other, some of Bold-faced capital letters are used to represent a vector in an understandable range of those skilled in the art.


It is assumed that frequency resources of the multi-hop relay system 100 are orthogonal to each other without being overlapped with each other. That is, when it is assumed that each of subcarrier index sets used by the BS 110 and the RS 130 is SB and SR, SB∩SR=Ø.


A difference between times at which the base station signal 101 and the relay station signal 102 arrive at the mobile station is represented by the following Equation.

Δt=tR−tB  <Equation 1>


Where each of tB and tR indicates arrival times of the base station signal 101 and the relay station signal 102 after removal of CP. Δt indicates a difference between times at which the base station signal 101 and the relay station signal 102 arrive at the mobile station.



FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a difference in a propagation time generated between a base station signal and a relay station signal in a downlink of the multi-hop relay system. tB and tR have been defined above, and tframe indicates a start time of a FFT period. In addition, ν indicates a length of the CP.


Referring to FIG. 4, FIG. 4 shows a difference in a propagation time and a FFT period in the case in which Δt≧0 (410), in the case in which −ν≦Δt<0 (420), and in the case in which Δt<−ν (430).


tframe is determined so that an influence of the interference becomes minimum, such that the FFT period is determined. tframe is represented by the following Equation.










t
frame

=

{





t
B

,


if





0



Δ





t









t
R

,


if




-
v



Δ





t

<
0









t
B

-
v

,


if





Δ





t

<

-
v
















Equation





2









The present invention focuses on an influence of interference by a difference (Δt) in a propagation time. It is assumed that a length of a channel between the BS 110 and the MS 120 and a length of a channel between the RS 130 and the MS 120 are the same as each other as an L sample and is shorter than the length (ν) of the CP.


A vector xB,l=[xB,l,0 xB,l,1 . . . xB,l,N−1]T and a vector xR,l=[xR,l,0 xR,l,1 . . . xR,l,N−1]T indicate time domain signals transmitted in a first OFDM symbol period. xB,l, and xR,l, are represented by the following Equation.

xB,l=FHXB,l
xR,l=FHXR,l  <Equation 3>


Where a matrix F indicates a N×N FFT matrix of which a (k,n)-th element value is 1/√{square root over (N)} exp(−j2πkn/N), k=0, 1, 2, . . . , N−1, n=0, 1, 2, . . . , N−1 each of XB,l=[XB,l,0 XB,l,1 . . . XB,l,N−1]T and XR,l=[XR,l,0 XR,l,1 . . . XR,l,N−1]T indicates frequency domain symbol vectors of signals transmitted by the BS 110 and the RS 130, XB,l,k=0 with respect to a subcarrier index k∈SR, and XR,l,k=0 with respect to a subcarrier index k∈SB.


A mathematical model for a reception signal in the case in which Δt≧0 (410) will be first considered.


A FFT period is determined so that tframe=tB. A time domain reception signal y=[y0 y1 . . . yN−1]T is the sum of a signal component yB=[yB,0 yB,1 . . . yB,N−1]T from the BS 110 and a signal component yR=[yR,0 yR,1 . . . yR,N−1]T from the RS 130. y, yB, and yR are represented by the following Equation.

y=yB,tframe=tB+yR,tframe=tB+z
yB,tframe=tB=HBxB,l
yR,tframe=tB=HRPΔtxR,l−HR,ISIP,L−1−v+ΔtPΔtxR,l+HR,ISIP,L−1−v+ΔtxR,l−1  <Equation 4>


Where a noise vector z=[z0 z1 . . . zN−1]T and zi˜CN(0,σz2). CN means complex Gaussian noise, and σz2 means a variance of noise. In addition, HB, HR, Pn and HR,ISIP,δ are represented by the following Equation.











H
B

=

[




h

B
,
0




0





0



h

B
,

L
-
1






h

B
,

L
-
2









h

B
,
1







h

B
,
1





h

B
,
0




0





0



h

B
,

L
-
1









h

B
,
2







































h

B
,

L
-
1









h

B
,
1





h

B
,
0




0


0





0


































0





0


0



h

B
,

L
-
1






h

B
,

L
-
2









h

B
,
0





]









H
R

=









[




h

R
,
0




0





0



h

R
,

L
-
1






h

R
,

L
-
2









h

R
,
1







h

R
,
1





h

R
,
0




0





0



h

R
,

L
-
1









h

R
,
2







































h

R
,

L
-
1









h

R
,
1





h

R
,
0




0


0





0


































0





0


0



h

R
,

L
-
1






h

R
,

L
-
2









h

R
,
0





]









P
n

=

[




0

n
×

(

N
-
n

)






I
n






I

N
-
n





0


(

N
-
n

)

×
n





]









H

R
,
ISIP
,
δ


=

[



0





0



h

R
,

L
-
1






h

R
,

L
-
2









h

R
,

L
-
δ







0





0


0



h

R
,

L
-
1









h

R
,

L
-
δ
+
1





















0

































0



h

R
,

L
-
1








































0





0


0


0





0



]










Equation





5











HB and HR indicate a circulant matrix configured of impulse responses, and each of hB,n, n=0, 1, . . . , L−1 and hR,n, n=0, 1, . . . , L−1 indicates channel impulse responses of a channel between the BS 110 and the MS 120 and a channel between the RS 130 and the MS 120. Pn is a matrix indicating an n sample environment right shift, and HR,ISIP,δ is a matrix indicating interference components generated by a difference in a propagation time. The reception signal is derived on the assumption that a channel is fixed during an OFDM symbol period.


From Equation 4, a frequency domain signal corresponding to a k∈SB-th subcarrier may be obtained. The frequency domain signal corresponding to the k∈SB-th subcarrier is represented by the following Equation.

Yk,tframe=tB=fkHy=HB,kXB,l,k−fkHHR,ISIP,L−1−v+ΔtPΔtFHXR,l+fkHHR,ISIP,L−1−v+ΔtFHXR,l−1+Zk  <Equation 6>


Where a vector fk, k=0, 1, . . . , N−1 indicates a k-th column vector of an inverse FFT matrix FH. Since fkHHBFHXB,l=HB,kXB,l,k and k∉SR in the above Equation, XR,l,k=0. Therefore, a fact that fkHHRPΔtFHXR,l=0 is used. Zk=fkHz, and HB,k indicates a gain of a k-th subcarrier.


A mathematical model for a reception signal in the case in which −ν≦Δt<0 (420) is as follows.

y=yB,tframe=tR+yR,tframe=tR+z
yB,tframe=tR=HBP−ΔtxB,l−HB,ISIP,L−1−v−ΔtP−ΔtxB,l+HB,ISIP,L−1−v−ΔtxB,l−1
yR,tframe=tR=HRxR,l  <Equation 7>


Where HB,ISIP,δ is a matrix indicating interference components generated by a difference in a propagation time. HB,ISIPδ is represented by the following Equation.










H

B
,
ISIP
,
δ


=

[



0





0



h

B
,

L
-
1






h

B
,

L
-
2









h

B
,

L
-
δ







0





0


0



h

B
,

L
-
1









h

B
,

L
-
δ
+
1





















0

































0



h

B
,

L
-
1








































0





0


0


0





0



]









Equation





8











From Equation 7, a frequency domain signal corresponding to a k∈SB-th subcarrier may be obtained. The frequency domain signal corresponding to the k∈SB-th subcarrier is represented by the following Equation.

Yk,tframe=tR=fkHy=ej2πkΔt/NHB,kXB,l,k
fkHHB,ISIP,L−1−v−ΔtP−ΔtFHXB,l+fkHHB,ISIP,L−1−v−ΔtFHXB,l−1+Zk  <Equation 9>


Where a fact that fkHHBP−ΔtFHXB,l=ej2πkΔt/NHkXB,l,k and fkHHRFHXR,l=0 is used. Equation 9 shows that an interference signal is not generated from the RS 130 in the case in which the FFT period of Equation 2 is used and shows that a previous OFDM symbol signal of the BS 110 acts as interference.


A mathematical model for a reception signal in the case in which Δt<−ν (430) is as follows.

y=yB,tframe=tB−v+yR,tframe=tB−v+z
yB,tframe=tB−v=HBPvxB,l−HB,ISIP,L−1PvxB,l+HB,ISIP,L−1xB,l−1
yR,tframe=tB−v=HRPN+Δt+vxR,l−HR,ISIN,−Δt−vPN+Δt+vxR,l+HR,ISIN,−Δt−vP2v+ΔtxR,l+1  <Equation 10>


Where HB,ISIP,δ is represented by the following Equation.










H

R
,
ISIN
,
δ


=

[



0


0





0


0





0
































h

R
,
0




0





























































h

R
,

δ
-
2









h

R
,
0




0
















h

R
,

δ
-
1






h

R
,

δ
-
2









h

R
,
0




0





0



]









Equation





11











From Equation 10, a frequency domain signal corresponding to a k∈SB-th subcarrier may be obtained. The frequency domain signal corresponding to the k∈SB-th subcarrier is represented by the following Equation.

Yk,tframe=tB−v=fkHy=e−j2πkv/NHB,kXB,l,k−fkHHB,ISIP,L−1PvFHXB,l+fkHHB,ISIP,L−1FHXB,l−1−fkHHR,ISIN,−Δt−vPN+Δt+vFHXR,l+fkHHR,ISIN,−Δt−vP2v+ΔtFHXR,l+1+Zk  <Equation 12>


Where a fact that fkHHBPvFHXB,l=ej2πkv/NHB,kXB,l,k and fkHHRPN+Δt−vFHXR,l=0 is used. It may be appreciated from Equation 12 that both of the base station signal 101 and the relay station signal 102 act as interference to a signal received in the k∈SB-th subcarrier.


Based on the mathematical models in the cases in which Δt≧0 (410), −ν≦Δt<0 (420), and Δt<−ν (430), the equalizer 220 generating the equalizing signal 203 in which the interference generated between the base station signal 101 and the relay station signal 102 is mathematically modeled.


Since processes in which the equalizer 220 is mathematically implemented in the cases in which Δt≧0 (410), −ν≦Δt<0 (420), and Δt<−ν (430) are similar to each other, a mathematical modeling process in the case in which Δt≧0 (410) may also be in the cases in which −ν≦Δt<0 (420) and Δt<−ν (430).



FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a fast Fourier transform (FFT) period applied to an equalizer having three taps. tB, tR, Δt, and tframe of FIG. 5 are the same as tB, tR, Δt, and tframe defined in FIG. 4.


A D tap frequency domain equalizer performs FFT with respect to each of D FFT periods. Referring FIG. 5, the D FFE periods are based on tframe, and a start point of d=0, 1, 2, . . . , L, . . . , D−1-th FFT period is tframe−d. When a frequency domain reception signal in the case in which a start point of a FFE period is tframe−d is Ykd, d=0, 1, 2, . . . , L, . . . , D−1, Ykd is represented by the following Equation.

Ykd=e−j2πkd/NHB,kXB,l,k−fkHHB,ISIP,d+L−1−vPd+ΔtFHXB,l+fkHHB,ISIP,d+L−1−vFHXB,l−1−fkHHR,ISIP,d+L−1−v+ΔtPd+ΔtFHXR,l+fkHHR,ISIP,d+L−1−v+ΔtFHXR,l−1+Zkd  <Equation 13>


Therefore, a frequency domain reception signal Yk=[YkD−1 . . . Yk1 Yk0]T is represented by the following Equation.

Yk=HB,kXB,l,k−Hintf,B,lXB,l+Hintf,B,l−1XB,l−1−Hintf,R,lXR,l+Hintf,R,l−1XR,l−1+Zk  <Equation 14>


Where Zk=[ZkD−1 . . . Zk1Zk0]T, and HB,k is a vector configured of channel gains between the BS 110 and the MS 120 in the k-th subcarrier. Hintf,B,l indicates an interference matrix between the BS 110 and the MS 120 in an l-th OFDM symbol, and Hintf,R,l indicates an interference matrix between the RS 130 and the MS 120 in the l-th OFDM symbol. Each of the matrices is represented by the following Equation.
















H

B
,
k


=


[







-
j






2

π







k


(

D
-
1

)


/
N
















-
j2π







k
/
N







1



]



H

B
,
k















H

intf
,
B
,
l


=



F

k
,
D

H



[





H

B
,
ISIP
,

D
-
1
+
L
-
1
-
v





P

D
-
1
+

Δ





t















H

B
,
ISIP
,

1
+
L
-
1
-
v





P

1
+

Δ





t










H

B
,
ISIP
,

L
-
1
-
v





P

Δ





t






]




F
H














H

intf
,
B
,

l
-
1



=



F

k
,
D

H



[




H

B
,
ISIP
,

D
-
1
+
L
-
1
-
v













H

B
,
ISIP
,

1
+
L
-
1
-
v








H

B
,
ISIP
,

L
-
1
-
v






]




F
H










H

intf
,
R
,
l


=



F

k
,
D

H



[





H

R
,
ISIP
,

D
-
1
+
L
-
1
-
v
+

Δ





t






P

D
-
1
+

Δ





t















H

R
,
ISIP
,

1
+
L
-
1
-
v
+

Δ





t






P

1
+

Δ





t










H

R
,
ISIP
,

L
-
1
-
v
+

Δ





t






P

Δ





t






]




F
H














H

intf
,
R
,

l
-
1



=



F

k
,
D

H



[




H

R
,
ISIP
,

D
-
1
+
L
-
1
-
v
+

Δ





t














H

R
,
ISIP
,

1
+
L
-
1
-
v
+

Δ





t









H

R
,
ISIP
,

L
-
1
-
v
+

Δ





t







]




F
H










Equation





15









Where Fk,D=[fk fk . . . fk].


Equation 14 shows that in the case of signals received through each subcarrier, all terms except for a right first term of Equation 14 act as interference.


According to the exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the equalizer 220 generating the equalizing signal 203 by multiplying a weight vector is mathematically modeled. When it is assumed that the generated equalizing signal 203 is {tilde over (X)}B,l,k, the equalizing signal 203 is represented by the following Equation.














X
~


B
,
l
,
k


=








[


w
0
*



w
2
*













w
T
*


]





w
k
H





Y
k








=





w
k
H



H

B
,
k




X

B
,
l
,
k



-


w
k
H



H

intf
,
B
,
l




X

B
,
l



+












w
k
H



H

intf
,
B
,

l
-
1





X

B
,

l
-
1




-


w
k
H



H

intf
,
R
,
l




X

R
,
l



+












w
k
H



H

intf
,
R
,

l
-
1





X

R
,

l
-
1




+


w
k
H



Z
k












Equation





16









Where wk indicates a weight vector.


In this case, a signal to interference-plus-noise ratio (SINRk) of the equalizing signal 203 generated in Equation 16 is represented by the following Equation.










SINR
k

=



w
k
H



A
k



w
k




w
k
H



B
k



w
k









Equation





17









Where Ak and Bk are represented by the following Equation.

















A
k

=


H

B
,
k




H

B
,
k

H









B
k


=



2





H

intf
,
B
,
l




(


2



H

intf
,
B
,
l



)


H


+


2





H

intf
,
R
,
l




(


2



H

intf
,
R
,
l



)


H


+



σ
z
2


E
x




I
D










Equation





18









Where Ex=E{|Xk|2} and is energy of a transmission signal. In addition, σz2 indicates a variance of noise, and ID indicates a D×D identity matrix.


Equation 17 was derived from a fact that there is no correlation between signals of the RS 130 and signals of the BS 110 transmitted in each OFDM symbol period and relationships of Hintf,B,l−1(Hintf,B,l−1)H=Hintf,B,l(Hintf,B,l)H and Hintf,R,l−1(Hintf,R,l−1)H=Hintf,R,l(Hintf,R,l)H.


When a weight vector wkopt maximizing the SINRk is applied to the equalizer 220, the influence of the interference due to the relay station signal 102 may be minimized. Therefore, the weight vector corresponds to a solution to the following optimization problem.










w
k
opt

=


arg







min

w
k





w
k
H



B
k



w
k






with






w
k
H



H

B
,
k





=
1







Equation





19









An equality constrained area optimization problem of Equation 19 may be again changed into the following equality unconstrained optimization problem.










w
k
opt

=

arg







min


w
k

,
λ





C
k



(


w
k

,
λ

)










Equation





20









Where λ indicates Lagrange multiplier, and an objective function including λ is as follows.











C
k



(


w
k

,
λ

)


=



1
2



w
k
H



B
k



w
k


+

λ


(

1
-


w
k
H



H

B
,
k




)









Equation





21









When it is assumed that values obtained by differentiating Equation 21 with respect to wk* and λ are 0D and 0, the following Equations 22 and 23 are obtained.














C
k



(


w
k

,
λ

)






w
k
*



=




B
k



w
k


-

λ






H

B
,
k




=

0
D








Equation





22













C
k



(


w
k

,
λ

)





λ


=


1
-


w
k
H



H

B
,
k




=
0







Equation





23









When Equations 21 and 22 are solved in combination with each other, a value of a weight vector wk is obtained.










w
k
opt

=



B
k

-
1




H

B
,
k





H

B
,
k

H



B
k

-
1




H

B
,
k










Equation





24









When the weight vector wk by Equation 24 is applied to the equalizer 220, the SINRk of the equalizing signal 203 generated by multiplying the base station signal 101 and the relay station signal 102 by the weight vector may be minimized. Therefore, the performance deterioration of the multi-hop relay system 100 due to the relay station signal 102 may be alleviated.



FIG. 6 is a flow chart schematically showing a data processing method according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.


Referring to FIG. 6, the data processing method according to the exemplary embodiment of the present invention includes receiving a base station signal 101 from a BS 110 (S610), receiving a relay station signal 102 from a RS 130 (S620), determining a propagation delay between the base station signal 101 and the relay station signal 102 (S630), generating an equalizing signal (S640), and recovering information bits (S650).


In the generation of the equalizing signal (S640), the equalizing signal 203 in which interference generated between the base signal station 101 and the relay station signal 102 is alleviated in consideration of the propagation delay. The equalizing signal 203 may be generated by multiplying the base station signal and the relay station signal by a weight vector, which may be determined so as to maximize a SIRN. The SIRN may be a SIRN of Equation 17, and the weight vector may be a weight vector of Equation 24.


In the recovering of the information bits (S650), the information bits transmitted by the BS 110 are recovered from the equalizing signal 203.


An effect of the present invention may be confirmed through simulation.


In simulation, it is assumed that a FFT size N=512 and a CP size ν=64. In addition, 16-QAM symbol mapping is used. The BS 110 uses an odd number-th subcarrier and the RS 130 uses an even number-th subcarrier so that interference by a difference in a propagation time is increased. That is, SB={0, 2, 4, . . . , 510}, and SR={1, 3, 5, . . . , 511}. One OFDM symbol becomes one frame, and comparison of performance is conducted in view of a frame transmission error rate. In addition, a channel encoder is not used.



FIG. 7 is a simulation result showing a channel impulse response between a BS and a MS and a channel impulse response between a RS and a MS, used in simulation. Referring to FIG. 7, both of channel impulse responses of two channels are shorter than 64.



FIG. 8 is a simulation result showing frame error rate (FER) performance of an equalizer according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. Δt indicates a difference between times at which the base station signal 101 and the relay station signal 102 arrive at the mobile station, and D indicates the number of taps of the equalizer 220 when the equalizer 220 is a multi-tap frequency domain equalizer. In addition, performance in the case in which Δt is 0 indicates a limit of performance.


Referring to FIG. 8, in the case in which a single tap equalizer is used, a error floor is generated with both of the case in which Δt=−45 (810) and Δt=45 (820). However, the error floor is higher in the case in which Δt=45 (820) than in the case in which Δt=−45 (810). The reason is that in the case in which −ν≦Δt<0 (420), interference is determined by an impulse response between the BS 110 and the MS 120, and in the case in which Δt≧0 (410), interference is determined by an impulse response between the RS 130 and the MS 120.


FER performance of a tap frequency domain equalizer having D of 5 or 8 is a result derived by applying the weight vector of Equation 24. The FER is decreased in both of the cases in which Δt=−45 (810) and Δt=45 (820). Therefore, performance of the equalizer is improved by the multi-tap frequency domain equalizer. In addition, as the number of taps increases, the performance is improved.


Therefore, according to the exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the performance deterioration due to the interference problem generated in the multi-hop relay system 100 may be alleviated.


As set forth above, according to the exemplary embodiment of the present invention, it is possible to alleviate performance deterioration due to an interference problem generated in a relay system.

Claims
  • 1. A data processing method comprising: receiving a base station signal from a base station; receiving a relay station signal from a relay station; determining a propagation delay between the base station signal and the relay station signal; generating an equalizing signal in which interference generated between the base station signal and the relay station signal is alleviated in consideration of the propagation delay, including determining a weight vector that maximizes a signal to interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) of the equalizing signal, and multiplying the base station signal and the relay station signal by the weight vector to thereby obtain the equalizing signal; and recovering information bits transmitted by the base station from the equalizing signal, wherein the SINR of the equalizing signal is determined by channel gains between the base station and a mobile station, interference between the base station and the mobile station, and interference between the relay station and the mobile station.
  • 2. The data processing method of claim 1, wherein the SINR is represented by Equation:
  • 3. The data processing method of claim 1, wherein the weight vector is represented by Equation:
  • 4. A receiver comprising: a receiving circuit receiving a base station signal from a base station and receiving a relay station signal from a relay station; an equalizer determining a propagation delay between the base station signal and the relay station signal and generating an equalizing signal in which interference generated between the base station signal and the relay station signal is alleviated in consideration of the propagation delay, including determining a weight vector that maximizes a signal to interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) of the equalizing signal, and multiplying the base station signal and the relay station signal by the weight vector to thereby obtain the equalizing signal; and a decoder recovering information bits transmitted by the base station from the equalizing signal, wherein the SINR of the equalizing signal is determined by channel gains between the base station and a mobile station, interference between the base station and the mobile station, and interference between the relay station and the mobile station.
  • 5. The receiver of claim 4, wherein the SINR is represented by Equation:
  • 6. The receiver of claim 4, wherein the weight vector is represented by Equation:
  • 7. An equalizer comprising: a determining unit determining a propagation delay between a base station signal received from a base station and a relay station signal received from a relay station˜and an equalizing unit generating an equalizing signal in which interference generated between the base station signal and the relay station signal is alleviated in consideration of the propagation delay, including determining a weight vector that maximizes a signal to interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) of the equalizing signal, and multiplying the base station signal and the relay station signal by the weight vector to thereby obtain the equalizing signal, wherein the SINR of the equalizing signal is determined by channel gains between the base station and a mobile station, interference between the base station and the mobile station, and interference between the relay station and the mobile station.
  • 8. The equalizer of claim 7, wherein the SINR is represented by Equation:
  • 9. The equalizer of claim 7, wherein the weight vector is represented by Equation:
Priority Claims (1)
Number Date Country Kind
10-2011-0032837 Apr 2011 KR national
US Referenced Citations (3)
Number Name Date Kind
5841766 Dent et al. Nov 1998 A
20080225929 Proctor et al. Sep 2008 A1
20090186645 Jaturong et al. Jul 2009 A1
Foreign Referenced Citations (1)
Number Date Country
10-2009-0048737 May 2009 KR
Related Publications (1)
Number Date Country
20120257669 A1 Oct 2012 US