This application relates to the field of communication technologies, and in particular, to a data sending method and apparatus.
Conventional data forwarding manners include decoding forwarding (decoding forwarding, DF). In the DF manner, after receiving data from a previous sending node, a forwarding node needs to demodulate and decode the data, and/or determine, based on whether the decoding is correct, whether to forward the data. If the decoding is correct, the forwarding node may re-encode and re-modulate the decoded data, and send the re-encoded and re-modulated data to a next receiving node. A main problem of the DF manner is as follows: In the DF manner, when the forwarding node incorrectly decodes the data that is from the previous sending node, the forwarding node cannot forward the data, and consequently, forwarding performance is degraded.
Soft modulation can resolve the foregoing main problem of DF. By sending data generated through soft modulation, the forwarding node can still forward the data when the forwarding node incorrectly decodes the data that is from the previous sending node. This improves forwarding performance. However, a signal generated through soft modulation may not meet a requirement of an intermediate frequency indicator of an intermediate frequency device/a radio frequency indicator of a radio frequency device. For example, soft modulation may cause an excessively large peak to average power ratio (peak to average power ratio, PAPR) of the generated signal, or soft modulation may cause an excessively large error vector magnitude (error vector magnitude, EVM) of the generated signal. As a result, it is possible that the signal generated through soft modulation cannot be sent by using the intermediate frequency/radio frequency device. Therefore, how to ensure the intermediate frequency/radio frequency indicator of the generated signal and send, by using the intermediate frequency/radio frequency device, the signal generated through soft modulation becomes an urgent problem to be resolved in application of soft modulation.
Embodiments of this application provide a data sending method and apparatus.
In some embodiments (sometimes referred to as, “a first aspect”), the present disclosure provides a data sending method, including:
In some embodiments, a node generates (e.g., produces, constructs, creates) a first modulation symbol corresponding to a first modulation scheme. The node quantizes the first modulation symbol to obtain a target symbol. The target symbol corresponds to one of a plurality of constellation points of a second modulation scheme. The node preprocesses the target symbol to obtain to-be-sent data. The preprocessing includes one or more of layer mapping, antenna port mapping, precoding, or transform precoding. The node maps the to-be-sent data to a physical resource, and/or sends (e.g., transmit, provide, deliver) the to-be-sent data by using the physical resource.
According to the data sending method provided in this embodiment of this application, a soft modulation symbol generated through soft modulation is quantized to a limited quantity of constellation points before being sent. This can ensure that a generated signal meets a requirement of an intermediate frequency indicator/a radio frequency indicator.
In some embodiments, the node generates the first modulation symbol based on first data and/or second data. A mapping relationship corresponding to the first modulation scheme is met between the first modulation symbol and the first data and/or the second data. The first data includes one or more first real numbers. The first real number is greater than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 1. The second data includes one or more second real numbers. The second real number is greater than or equal to −1 and less than or equal to 1.
In some embodiments, the mapping relationship corresponding to the first modulation scheme is one of the following:
{tilde over (Q)}=1/√{square root over (2)}×[(1−2{tilde over (b)}0)+j(1−2{tilde over (b)}0)], where {tilde over (b)}0 is one first real number included in the first data, {tilde over (Q)} is the first modulation symbol, and j is an imaginary unit;
{tilde over (Q)}=1/√{square root over (2)}×[(1−2{tilde over (b)}0)+j(1−2{tilde over (b)}1)], where {tilde over (b)}0 and {tilde over (b)}1 are two first real numbers included in the first data, (2 is the first modulation symbol, and j is an imaginary unit;
{tilde over (Q)}=1/√{square root over (10)}×{(1−2{tilde over (b)}0)[2−(1−2{tilde over (b)}2)]+j(1−2{tilde over (b)}1)[2−(1−2{tilde over (b)}3)]}, where {tilde over (b)}0, and {tilde over (b)}1, {tilde over (b)}2, and {tilde over (b)}3 are four first real numbers included in the first data, {tilde over (Q)} is the first modulation symbol, and j is an imaginary unit;
{tilde over (Q)}=1/√{square root over (42)}×{(1−2{tilde over (b)}0)[4−(1−2{tilde over (b)}2)[2−(1−2{tilde over (b)}4)]]+j(1−2{tilde over (b)}1)[4−(1−2{tilde over (b)}3)[2−(1−2{tilde over (b)}5)]]}, where {tilde over (b)}0, {tilde over (b)}1, {tilde over (b)}2, {tilde over (b)}b3, {tilde over (b)}4, and {tilde over (b)}5 are six first real numbers included in the first data, {tilde over (Q)} is the first modulation symbol, and j is an imaginary unit;
{tilde over (Q)}=1/√{square root over (2)}×[ã0+jã0], where ã0 is one second real number included in the second data, {tilde over (Q)} is the first modulation symbol, and j is an imaginary unit;
{tilde over (Q)}=1/√{square root over (2)}×[ã0+jã1], where ã0 and ã1 are two second real numbers included in the second data, {tilde over (Q)} is the first modulation symbol, and j is an imaginary unit;
{tilde over (Q)}=1/√{square root over (10)}×{(2ã0−ã0ã2)+j(2ã1−ã1ã3)}, where ã0, ã1, ã2, and ã3 are four second real numbers included in the second data, {tilde over (Q)} is the first modulation symbol, and j is an imaginary unit;
{tilde over (Q)}=1/√{square root over (42)}×{(4ã0−2ã0ã2+ã0ã2ã4)+j(4ã1−2ã1ã3+ã1ã3ã5)}, where ã0, ã1, ã2, ã3, ã4, and ã5 are six second real numbers included in the second data, {tilde over (Q)} is the first modulation symbol, and j is an imaginary unit;
{tilde over (Q)}=1/√{square root over (2)}×[(1−2{tilde over (b)}0)+jã1], where {tilde over (b)}0 is one first real number included in the first data, ã1 is one second real number included in the second data, {tilde over (Q)} is the first modulation symbol, and j is an imaginary unit; or
{tilde over (Q)}=1/√{square root over (10)}×{(1−2{tilde over (b)}0)[2−ã2]+j(1−2{tilde over (b)}1)[2−ã3]}, where {tilde over (b)}0 and {tilde over (b)}1 are two first real numbers included in the first data, ã2 and ã3 are two second real numbers included in the second data, {tilde over (Q)} is the first modulation symbol, and j is an imaginary unit.
In some embodiments, the node quantizes sixth data to obtain the first data and/or the second data.
In some embodiments, the node obtains the first data and/or the second data based on sixth data. The sixth data and the first data meet {tilde over (b)}i=eL/(1+eL), where L is the sixth data, and {tilde over (b)}i is the first data. The sixth data and the second data meet ãi=−tanh(L/2), where L is the sixth data, and ãi is the second data.
In some embodiments, the second modulation scheme is binary phase shift keying (BPSK), quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK), 16 quadrature amplitude modulation (16 QAM), 64 quadrature amplitude modulation (64 QAM), 256 quadrature amplitude modulation (256 QAM), 512 quadrature amplitude modulation (512 QAM), or 1024 quadrature amplitude modulation (1024 QAM).
In some embodiments, the node receives (e.g., retrieves, obtains, acquires) first control information, and determines (e.g., identifies, assesses), based on the first control information, to quantize the first modulation symbol to obtain the target symbol. The first control information includes first indication information and/or identification information of the node. The identification information of the node indicates the node. In some embodiments, the first indication information indicates the node to quantize the first modulation symbol to obtain the target symbol; or the first indication information indicates the second modulation scheme; or the first indication information indicates the second modulation scheme, and indicates the node to quantize the first modulation symbol to obtain the target symbol. According to the method, the data sending method or soft modulation symbol quantization method according to some embodiments of the first aspect may be enabled or disabled based on a data sending requirement, and the node can be notified to use a suitable modulation scheme. This improves robustness of data sending.
In some embodiments (sometimes referred to as, “a second aspect”), this application provides a communications apparatus, which can implement one or more corresponding functions of the node in some embodiments of the first aspect. The communications apparatus includes a corresponding unit or component configured to perform the foregoing method. The unit included in the communications apparatus may be implemented by using software and/or hardware. The communications apparatus may be, for example, a terminal or a network device (such as a base station), or may be a chip, a chip system, a processor, or the like that can support a terminal or a network device in implementing the foregoing function.
In some embodiments (sometimes referred to as, “a third aspect”), this application provides a communications apparatus, including a processor. The processor is coupled to a memory. The memory is configured to store a program. When the program is executed by the processor, the communications apparatus is enabled to implement the method according to the first aspect.
In some embodiments (sometimes referred to as, “a fourth aspect”), this application provides a storage medium. The storage medium stores a computer program. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the method according to the first aspect is implemented.
In some embodiments (sometimes referred to as, “a fifth aspect”), this application provides a chip system, including a processor, configured to perform the method described in the first aspect.
A data sending method and apparatus provided in embodiments of this application may be applied to a communications system. For example,
A technology described in the embodiments of the present application may be used for various communications systems, for example, 2G, 3G, 4G, 4.5G, and 5G communications systems, a system into which a plurality of communications systems are combined, or a future evolved network, such as a long term evolution (long term evolution, LTE) system, a new radio (new radio, NR) system, a wireless fidelity (wireless-fidelity, Wi-Fi) system, a cellular system related to the 3rd generation partnership project (3rd generation partnership project, 3GPP), and other such communications systems.
A function of the CU may be implemented by one entity. In some embodiments, a control plane (CP) and a user plane (UP) may be further separated, that is, the control plane (CU-CP) and user plane (CU-UP) of the CU may be implemented by different functional entities. The CU-CP and the CU-UP may be coupled to the DU, to jointly implement a function of the base station.
It may be understood that the embodiments provided in this application are applicable to an architecture that is not split into a CU and DU.
In this application, a network device may be any device having a wireless transceiver function, including but not limited to an evolved NodeB (NodeB or eNB or e-NodeB, evolved NodeB) in LTE, a gNodeB (gNodeB or gNB) or a transmission reception point (transmission receiving point/transmission reception point, TRP) in NR, a base station subsequently evolved by the 3GPP, an access node in a Wi-Fi system, a wireless relay node, a wireless backhaul node, and the like. A base station may be a macro base station, a micro base station, a picocell base station, a small cell, a relay station, a balloon station, or the like. A plurality of base stations may support a network of a same technology mentioned above, or may support networks of different technologies mentioned above. The base station may include one or more co-site or non-co-site TRPs. In some embodiments, the network device may be a radio controller, a CU, and/or a DU in a cloud radio access network (cloud radio access network, CRAN) scenario. In some embodiments, the network device may be a server, a wearable device, a vehicle-mounted device, or the like. An example in which the network device is a base station is used below for description. A plurality of network devices may be base stations of a same type, or may be base stations of different types. The base station may communicate with a terminal device, or may communicate with a terminal device by using a relay station. The terminal device may communicate with a plurality of base stations of different technologies. For example, the terminal device may communicate with a base station that supports an LTE network, may communicate with a base station that supports a 5G network, or may support dual connectivity to a base station in an LTE network and a base station in a 5G network.
A terminal is a device having a wireless transceiver function, and may be deployed on land, including an indoor or outdoor manner, a handheld manner, a wearable manner, or a vehicle-mounted manner; may be deployed on water (for example, on a ship); or may be deployed in the air (for example, on an airplane, a balloon, or a satellite). The terminal may be a mobile phone (e.g., mobile phone), a tablet computer (e.g., Pad), a computer with a wireless transceiver function, a virtual reality (virtual reality, VR) terminal device, an augmented reality (augmented reality, AR) terminal device, a wireless terminal in industrial control (industrial control), a vehicle-mounted terminal device, a wireless terminal in self-driving (self-driving), a wireless terminal in telemedicine (remote medical), a wireless terminal in a smart grid (smart grid), a wireless terminal in transportation safety (transportation safety), a wireless terminal in a smart city (smart city), a wireless terminal in a smart home (smart home), a wearable terminal device, or the like. An application scenario is not limited in the embodiments of this application. The terminal sometimes may also be referred to as a terminal device, user equipment (user equipment, UE), an access terminal device, a vehicle-mounted terminal, an industrial control terminal, a UE unit, a UE station, a mobile station, a remote station, a remote terminal device, a mobile device, a UE terminal device, a terminal device, a wireless communications device, a UE agent, a UE apparatus, or the like. The terminal may be fixed or mobile.
The embodiments of this application is applicable to a multi-hop data sending scenario.
It should be noted that
It may be understood that the source node may be a network device or may be a terminal, the relay node may be a network device or may be a terminal, and the destination node may be a network device or may be a terminal.
It may be understood that the embodiments of this application may be used for a single-hop data sending scenario (that is, target data is directly sent from a source node to a destination node).
The forwarding node in the foregoing multi-hop data sending scenario needs to forward the data to a next receiving node (the next receiving node may be another forwarding node, or may be the destination node). Data forwarding manners of the forwarding node include decoding forwarding (decoding forwarding, DF). In the DF manner, after receiving the data from a previous sending node, the forwarding node demodulates and/or decodes the data, and/or determines, based on whether the decoding is correct, whether to forward the data. If the decoding is correct, the forwarding node may re-encode and re-modulate the decoded data, and send the re-encoded and re-modulated data to the next receiving node. If the decoding is incorrect, the forwarding node does not forward the data. In the DF manner, when the forwarding node incorrectly decodes the data that is from the previous sending node, the forwarding node cannot forward the data, and consequently, forwarding performance is degraded.
Soft modulation can resolve the foregoing main problem of DF. By sending data generated through soft modulation, the forwarding node can still forward the data when the forwarding node incorrectly decodes the data that is from the previous sending node. This improves forwarding performance. However, a signal generated through soft modulation may not meet a requirement of an intermediate frequency indicator of an intermediate frequency device/a radio frequency indicator of a radio frequency device. For example, soft modulation may cause an excessively large peak to average power ratio (peak to average power ratio, PAPR) of the generated signal, or soft modulation may cause an excessively large error vector magnitude (error vector magnitude, EVM) of the generated signal. As a result, it is possible that the signal generated through soft modulation cannot be sent by using the intermediate frequency/radio frequency device. Therefore, how to ensure that the generated signal meets the requirement of the intermediate frequency/radio frequency indicator and send, by using the intermediate frequency/radio frequency device, the signal generated through soft modulation becomes an urgent problem to be resolved in application of soft modulation.
According to the data sending method and apparatus provided in the embodiments of this application, a soft modulation symbol generated through soft modulation may be quantized to a limited quantity of constellation points before being sent. This can ensure that a generated signal meets a requirement of an intermediate frequency indicator/a radio frequency indicator.
The following describes the technical solutions of this application in detail by using specific embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following several specific embodiments and implementations may be combined with each other, and a same or similar concept or process may not be described repeatedly in some embodiments. It should be understood that functions explained in this application may be implemented by using an independent hardware circuit, by using software that runs in combination with a processor/microprocessor or a general-purpose computer, by using an application-specific integrated circuit, and/or by using one or more digital signal processors. When this application is described as a method, the method may be implemented in a computer processor and a memory coupled to the processor.
Part 400: A node generates a first modulation symbol corresponding to a first modulation scheme. It may be understood that the node in this embodiment of this application may be a terminal, or may be a network device.
Part 410: The node quantizes the first modulation symbol to obtain a target symbol, where the target symbol corresponds to one of a plurality of constellation points of a second modulation scheme.
Part 420: The node preprocesses the target symbol to obtain to-be-sent data, where the preprocessing includes one or more of layer mapping, antenna port mapping, precoding, or transform precoding. The preprocessing may be understood as a processing operation that needs to be completed before the target symbol is mapped to a physical resource.
Part 430: The node maps the to-be-sent data to the physical resource, and sends the to-be-sent data by using the physical resource. The physical resource may include one or more of a time domain resource, a frequency domain resource, a code domain resource, or a space domain resource. For example, the time domain resource included in the physical resource may include at least one frame, at least one sub-frame (sub-frame), at least one slot (slot), at least one mini-slot (mini-slot), or at least one time domain symbol. For example, the frequency domain resource included in the physical resource may include at least one carrier (carrier), at least one component carrier (component carrier, CC), at least one bandwidth part (bandwidth part, BWP), at least one resource block group (resource block group, RBG), at least one physical resource block group (physical resource-block group, PRG), at least one resource block (resource block, RB), or at least one sub-carrier (sub-carrier, SC). For example, the space domain resource included in the physical resource may include at least one beam, at least one port, at least one antenna port, or at least one layer/spatial layer. For example, the code domain resource included in the physical resource may include at least one orthogonal cover code (orthogonal cover code, OCC) or at least one non-orthogonal multiple access (non-orthogonal multiple access, NOMA) code.
It may be understood that the physical resource may be a physical resource of a baseband, and the physical resource of the baseband may be used by a baseband chip; or the physical resource may be a physical resource of an air interface; or the physical resource may be a physical resource of intermediate frequency or radio frequency.
The embodiment of this application schematically shown in
It may be understood that the soft information shown in
According to the method provided in this embodiment of this application, the soft modulation symbol generated through soft modulation may be quantized to a limited quantity of constellation points before being sent, so as to obtain a comparatively low PAPR and/or a comparatively low EVM. In this way, it can be ensured that requirements of an intermediate frequency indicator and a radio frequency indicator are both met, so that a signal generated through soft modulation can be sent by using an intermediate frequency device/a radio frequency device.
The first modulation scheme in the foregoing part 400 may be understood as a modulation scheme used for soft modulation that is schematically shown in
In some embodiments, the node generates the first modulation symbol based on first data and/or second data. In some embodiments, a mapping relationship corresponding to the first modulation scheme is met between the first modulation symbol and the first data and/or the second data. The first data includes one or more first real numbers. In some embodiments, the first real number is greater than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 1. The first real number may be referred to as soft bit information (that is, a possible form of the soft information schematically shown in
That a mapping relationship is met between the first modulation symbol and the first data and/or the second data (different mapping relationships correspond to different modulation schemes) may be understood as that a function relationship is met between the first modulation symbol and the first data and/or the second data. The mapping relationship may be understood as a mapping relationship implemented by a modulation module in
In a possible implementation in which the mapping relationship is met between the first modulation symbol and the first data and/or the second data, the mapping relationship is met between the first modulation symbol and the first data.
For example, the mapping relationship is {tilde over (Q)}=1/√{square root over (2)}×[(1−2{tilde over (b)}0)+j(1−2{tilde over (b)}0)], where {tilde over (b)}0 is one first real number included in the first data, {tilde over (Q)} is the first modulation symbol, and j is an imaginary unit. The mapping relationship may be understood as a mapping relationship met between the first modulation symbol and the first data when the modulation module in
For example, the mapping relationship is {tilde over (Q)}=1/√{square root over (2)}×[(1−2{tilde over (b)}0)+j(1−2{tilde over (b)}1)], where {tilde over (b)}0 and {tilde over (b)}1 are two first real numbers included in the first data, {tilde over (Q)} is the first modulation symbol, and j is an imaginary unit. The mapping relationship may be understood as a mapping relationship met between the first modulation symbol and the first data when the modulation module in
For example, the mapping relationship is {tilde over (Q)}=1/√{square root over (10)}×{(1−2{tilde over (b)}0)[2−(1−2{tilde over (b)}2)]+j(1−2{tilde over (b)}1)[2−(1−2{tilde over (b)}3)]}, where {tilde over (b)}0, {tilde over (b)}1, {tilde over (b)}2, and {tilde over (b)}3 are four first real numbers included in the first data, {tilde over (Q)} is the first modulation symbol, and j is an imaginary unit. The mapping relationship may be understood as a mapping relationship met between the first modulation symbol and the first data when the modulation module in
For example, the mapping relationship is {tilde over (Q)}=1/√{square root over (42)}×{(1−2{tilde over (b)}0)[4−(1−2{tilde over (b)}2)[2+(1−2{tilde over (b)}41)]]+j(1−2{tilde over (b)}1)[4−(1−2{tilde over (b)}3)[2−(1−2{tilde over (b)}5]]}, where {tilde over (b)}0, {tilde over (b)}1, {tilde over (b)}2, {tilde over (b)}3, {tilde over (b)}4, and {tilde over (b)}5 are six first real numbers included in the first data, {tilde over (Q)} is the first modulation symbol, and j is an imaginary unit. The mapping relationship may be understood as a mapping relationship met between the first modulation symbol and the first data when the modulation module in
It may be understood that the mapping relationship in the foregoing implementation may alternatively be a mapping relationship that corresponds to another modulation scheme and that is met between the first modulation symbol and the first data. For example, the another modulation scheme may be 256 QAM, 512 QAM, 1024 QAM, or π/2-BPSK. This is not limited in this embodiment of this application.
In a possible implementation in which the mapping relationship is met between the first modulation symbol and the first data and/or the second data, the mapping relationship is met between the first modulation symbol and the second data.
For example, the mapping relationship is {tilde over (Q)}=1/√{square root over (2)}×[ã0+jã0], where ã0 is one second real number included in the second data, {tilde over (Q)} is the first modulation symbol, and j is an imaginary unit. The mapping relationship may be understood as a mapping relationship met between the first modulation symbol and the second data when the modulation module in
For example, the mapping relationship is {tilde over (Q)}=1/√{square root over (2)}×[ã0+jã1], where ã0 and ã1 are two second real numbers included in the second data, {tilde over (Q)} is the first modulation symbol, and j is an imaginary unit. The mapping relationship may be understood as a mapping relationship met between the first modulation symbol and the second data when the modulation module in
For example, the mapping relationship is {tilde over (Q)}=1/√{square root over (10)}×{(2ã0−ã0ã2)+j(2ã1−ã1ã3)}, where ã0, ã1, ã2, and ã3 are four second real numbers included in the second data, {tilde over (Q)} is the first modulation symbol, and j is an imaginary unit. The mapping relationship may be understood as a mapping relationship met between the first modulation symbol and the second data when the modulation module in
For example, the mapping relationship is {tilde over (Q)}=1/√{square root over (42)}×{(4ã0−2ã0ã2+ã0ã2ã4)+j(4ã1−2ã1ã3+ã1ã3ã5)}, where ã0, ã1, ã2, ã3, ã4, and ã5 are six second real numbers included in the second data, {tilde over (Q)} is the first modulation symbol, and j is an imaginary unit. The mapping relationship may be understood as a mapping relationship met between the first modulation symbol and the second data when the modulation module in
It may be understood that the mapping relationship in the foregoing implementation may alternatively be a mapping relationship that corresponds to another modulation scheme and that is met between the first modulation symbol and the second data. For example, the another modulation scheme may be 256 QAM, 512 QAM, 1024 QAM, or π/2-BPSK. This is not limited in this embodiment of this application.
In a possible implementation in which the mapping relationship is met between the first modulation symbol and the first data and/or the second data, the mapping relationship is met between the first modulation symbol, and the first data and the second data.
For example, the mapping relationship is {tilde over (Q)}=1/√{square root over (2)}×[(1−2{tilde over (b)}0)+jã1], where {tilde over (b)}0 is one first real number included in the first data, ã1 is one second real number included in the second data, {tilde over (Q)} is the first modulation symbol, and j is an imaginary unit. The mapping relationship may be understood as a mapping relationship met between the first modulation symbol, and the first data and the second data when the modulation module in
For example, the mapping relationship is {tilde over (Q)}=1/√{square root over (10)}×{(1−2{tilde over (b)}0)[2−ã2]+j(1−2{tilde over (b)}1)[2−ã3]}, where {tilde over (b)}0 and {tilde over (b)}1 are two first real numbers included in the first data, ã2 and ã3 are two second real numbers included in the second data, {tilde over (Q)} is the first modulation symbol, and j is an imaginary unit. The mapping relationship may be understood as a mapping relationship met between the first modulation symbol, and the first data and the second data when the modulation module in
It may be understood that the mapping relationship in the foregoing implementation may alternatively be a mapping relationship that corresponds to another modulation scheme and that is met between the first modulation symbol, and the first data and the second data. For example, the another modulation scheme may be BPSK, 64 QAM, 256 QAM, 512 QAM, 1024 QAM, or π/2-BPSK. This is not limited in this embodiment of this application. In addition, it may be understood that specific locations of the first data and the second data in the mapping relationship are not limited in the foregoing implementation. Any locations of the first data and the second data in the mapping relationship fall within the protection scope of the embodiments of this application, provided that both the first data and the second data exist in the mapping relationship.
In some embodiments, in the foregoing part 400, the node may obtain the first data and/or the second data based on sixth data. The sixth data may be understood as original soft information obtained by the node by demodulating or decoding data that is from a previous sending node. In some embodiments, the sixth data includes one or more sixth real numbers, and a value range of the sixth real number is from A to B. It may be understood that the range from A to B is generally greater than a range from 0 to 1 or a range from −1 to 1. For example, A represents negative infinity and B represents positive infinity, or A represents −30 and B represents 30. Specific values of A and B are not limited in this embodiment of this application.
In the foregoing part 400, in a possible implementation in which the node obtains the first data based on the sixth data, the sixth data and the first data meet {tilde over (b)}i=eL/(1+eL), where L is the sixth data (which may also be understood as one sixth real number included in the sixth data), {tilde over (b)}i is the first data (which may also be understood as one first real number included in the first data), and {tilde over (b)}i is a real number greater than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 1. According to this implementation, the original soft information that is obtained by the forwarding node and whose value range may be quite large (for example, a value range from negative infinity to positive infinity) can be compressed into the range from 0 to 1, so that complexity of a subsequent operation (for example, modulation) can be reduced.
In the foregoing part 400, in another possible implementation in which the node obtains the first data based on the sixth data, the node quantizes the sixth data to obtain the first data. For example, the sixth data may be quantized by using a table shown in Table 1, to obtain the first data. A left column in Table 1 shows several value intervals of the sixth data L (which may also be understood as one sixth real number included in the sixth data), where A and B respectively represent a lower limit value and an upper limit value of L, ck represents a positive real number, −ck represents a negative real number, k is an integer greater than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to N, [a, b] represents an interval in which a value is greater than or equal to a and less than or equal to b, and [a, b) represents an interval in which a value is greater than or equal to a and less than b. A right column in Table 1 shows several values of the first data {tilde over (b)}i (which may also be understood as one first real number included in the first data), where dl represents a real number greater than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 1, and l is an integer greater than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 2N. In some embodiments, the node obtains the sixth data L; determines, from the left column of Table 1, a value interval within which a value of the sixth data L falls; and/or determines that a value, in the right column of Table 1, corresponding to the value interval is a value of the first data {tilde over (b)}i obtained by quantizing the sixth data L. It may be understood that Table 1 shows only an example of a possible representation form of a correspondence between the sixth data L and the first data {tilde over (b)}i. A specific representation form of the correspondence between the sixth data L and the first data {tilde over (b)}i is not limited in this embodiment of this application. Other possible representation forms of the correspondence also fall within the protection scope of the embodiments of this application. In addition, it may be understood that the value intervals of the sixth data L that are shown in Table 1 may be obtained by evenly dividing an interval [A, B], or may be obtained by unevenly dividing an interval [A, B]. This is not limited in this embodiment of this application. According to this implementation, the original soft information that is obtained by the forwarding node and whose value range is quite large (for example, a value range from negative infinity to positive infinity) can be compressed into the range from 0 to 1 through simple quantization, so that the forwarding node does not need to perform a complex calculation, and complexity of a subsequent operation (for example, modulation) can be reduced.
In the foregoing part 400, in a possible implementation in which the node obtains the second data based on the sixth data, the sixth data and the second data meet ãi=−tanh(L/2), where L is the sixth data (which may also be understood as one sixth real number included in the sixth data), ãi is the second data (which may also be understood as one second real number included in the second data), and ãi is a real number greater than or equal to −1 and less than or equal to 1. According to this implementation, the original soft information that is obtained by the forwarding node and whose value range is quite large (for example, a value range from negative infinity to positive infinity) can be compressed into the range from −1 to 1, so that complexity of a subsequent operation (for example, modulation) can be reduced.
In the foregoing part 400, in another possible implementation in which the node obtains the second data based on the sixth data, the node quantizes the sixth data to obtain the second data. For example, the sixth data may be quantized by using a table shown in Table 2, to obtain the second data. A left column in Table 2 shows several value intervals of the sixth data L (which may also be understood as one sixth real number included in the sixth data), where A′ and B′ respectively represent a lower limit value and an upper limit value of L, c′k represents a positive real number, −c′k represents a negative real number, k is an integer greater than 0 and less than or equal to N′, [a′, b′] represents an interval in which a value is greater than or equal to a′ and less than or equal to b′, and [a′, b′) represents an interval in which a value is greater than or equal to a′ and less than b′. A right column in Table 2 shows several values of the second data ãi (which may also be understood as one second real number included in the second data), where d′l represents a real number greater than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 1, −d′l represents a real number greater than or equal to −1 and less than or equal to 0, and l is an integer greater than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to N′. In some embodiments, the node obtains the sixth data L; determines, from the left column of Table 2, a value interval within which a value of the sixth data L falls; and/or determines that a value, in the right column of Table 2, corresponding to the value interval is a value of the second data ãi obtained by quantizing the sixth data L. It may be understood that Table 2 shows only an example of a possible representation form of a correspondence between the sixth data L and the second data ãi. A specific representation form of the correspondence between the sixth data L and the second data ãi is not limited in this embodiment of this application. Other possible representation forms of the correspondence also fall within the protection scope of the embodiments of this application. In addition, it may be understood that the value intervals of the sixth data L that are shown in Table 2 may be obtained by evenly dividing an interval [A′, B′], or may be obtained by unevenly dividing an interval [A′, B′]. This is not limited in this embodiment of this application. According to this implementation, the original soft information that is obtained by the forwarding node and whose value range is quite large (for example, a value range from negative infinity to positive infinity) can be compressed into the range from −1 to 1 through simple quantization, so that the forwarding node does not need to perform a complex calculation, and complexity of a subsequent operation (for example, modulation) can be reduced.
In the foregoing part 400, in a possible implementation in which the node obtains the first data and the second data based on the sixth data, the sixth data and the first data meet {tilde over (b)}i=eL/(1+eL), and the sixth data and the second data meet ãi=−tanh(L/2), where L is the sixth data (which may also be understood as one sixth real number included in the sixth data); {tilde over (b)}i is the first data (which may also be understood as one first real number included in the first data), and {tilde over (b)}i is a real number greater than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 1; and ãi is the second data (which may also be understood as one second real number included in the second data), and ãi is a real number greater than or equal to −1 and less than or equal to 1. According to this implementation, the original soft information that is obtained by the forwarding node and whose value range is quite large (for example, a value range from negative infinity to positive infinity) can be compressed into the range from 0 to 1 and the range from −1 to 1, so that complexity of a subsequent operation (for example, modulation) can be reduced.
In the foregoing part 400, in another possible implementation in which the node obtains the first data and the second data based on the sixth data, the node quantizes the sixth data to obtain the first data and the second data. For example, the sixth data may be quantized by using the tables shown in Table 1 and Table 2, to obtain the first data and the second data. For a specific quantization process, refer to the foregoing descriptions of Table 1 and Table 2. Details are not described herein again. According to this implementation, the original soft information that is obtained by the forwarding node and whose value range is quite large (for example, a value range from negative infinity to positive infinity) can be compressed into the range from 0 to 1 and the range from −1 to 1 through simple quantization, so that the forwarding node does not need to perform a complex calculation, and complexity of a subsequent operation (for example, modulation) can be reduced.
In the foregoing part 400, in another possible implementation in which the node obtains the first data and the second data based on the sixth data, the node quantizes the sixth data to obtain the first data, and the sixth data and the second data meet ãi=−tanh(L/2), where L is the sixth data (which may also be understood as one sixth real number included in the sixth data), ãi is the second data (which may also be understood as one second real number included in the second data), and ãi is a real number greater than or equal to −1 and less than or equal to 1. For example, the sixth data may be quantized by using the table shown in Table 1, to obtain the first data. For a specific quantization process, refer to the foregoing descriptions of Table 1. Details are not described herein again. According to this implementation, the original soft information that is obtained by the forwarding node and whose value range is quite large (for example, a value range from negative infinity to positive infinity) can be compressed into the range from 0 to 1 and the range from −1 to 1, so that the forwarding node does not need to perform a complex calculation, and complexity of a subsequent operation (for example, modulation) can be reduced.
In the foregoing part 400, in another possible implementation in which the node obtains the first data and the second data based on the sixth data, the node quantizes the sixth data to obtain the second data, and the sixth data and the first data meet {tilde over (b)}i=eL/(1+eL), where L is the sixth data (which may also be understood as one sixth real number included in the sixth data), {tilde over (b)}i is the first data (which may also be understood as one first real number included in the first data), and {tilde over (b)}i is a real number greater than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 1. For example, the sixth data may be quantized by using the table shown in Table 2, to obtain the second data. For a specific quantization process, refer to the foregoing descriptions of Table 2. Details are not described herein again. According to this implementation, the original soft information that is obtained by the forwarding node and whose value range is quite large (for example, a value range from negative infinity to positive infinity) can be compressed into the range from 0 to 1 and the range from −1 to 1, so that the forwarding node does not need to perform a complex calculation, and complexity of a subsequent operation (for example, modulation) can be reduced.
Through soft modulation described in the foregoing part 400, more possible modulation constellation points can be generated on a complex plane.
The QPSK modulation scheme is used as an example. Through QPSK hard modulation, only one of four constellation points (such as four constellation points shown in
The 16 QAM modulation scheme is used as an example. Through 16 QAM hard modulation, only one of 16 constellation points (such as 16 constellation points shown in
It may be understood that the examples, shown in
It may be understood that soft modulation and hard modulation are merely names of two different types of modulation schemes in the embodiments of this application, and do not affect the protection scope of the embodiments of this application. Any modulation schemes that are essentially the same as those in the embodiments of this application but have different names shall fall within the protection scope of this application.
In part 410 in the embodiment of this application, the node quantizes the first modulation symbol obtained in part 400, to obtain the target symbol. The target symbol corresponds to one of the plurality of constellation points of the second modulation scheme. The second modulation scheme is BPSK, QPSK, 16 QAM, 64 QAM, 256 QAM, 512 QAM, or 1024 QAM. This process may be understood as quantizing a soft modulation symbol obtained through soft modulation to a hard modulation symbol corresponding to hard modulation. Because the first modulation symbol and the target symbol correspond to constellation points (also referred to as modulation constellation points) on a complex plane, this process may be understood as quantizing a constellation point obtained through soft modulation to a constellation point corresponding to hard modulation.
For example, a modulation order of the foregoing hard modulation is higher than a modulation order of the foregoing soft modulation.
For example, a modulation order of the foregoing hard modulation is equal to a modulation order of the foregoing soft modulation.
For example, a modulation order of the foregoing hard modulation is lower than a modulation order of the foregoing soft modulation.
Part 1000: Perform a first operation on a first real part value and a first parameter (the first parameter may be denoted by β) to obtain a second real part value, and perform the first operation on a first imaginary part value and the first parameter to obtain a second imaginary part value. The first real part value is a real part value of the first modulation symbol (which may also be referred to as the soft modulation symbol). The first imaginary part value is an imaginary part value of the first modulation symbol (which may also be referred to as the soft modulation symbol). Part 1000 may be understood as pre-quantization processing performed on the soft modulation symbol. The first operation is a multiplication operation, a division operation, an addition operation, or a subtraction operation.
Part 1010: Quantize the second real part value to obtain a third real part value, and quantize the second imaginary part value to obtain a third imaginary part value. Part 1010 may be understood as quantization processing performed on the soft modulation symbol.
Part 1020: Perform a second operation on the third real part value and the first parameter to obtain a target real part value, and perform the second operation on the third imaginary part value and the first parameter to obtain a target imaginary part value. The target real part value is a real part value of the target symbol (which may also be referred to as the hard modulation symbol). The target imaginary part value is an imaginary part value of the target symbol (which may also be referred to as the hard modulation symbol). The second operation is an inverse operation of the first operation (that is, if the first operation is a multiplication operation, the second operation is a division operation; if the first operation is a division operation, the second operation is a multiplication operation; if the first operation is an addition operation, the second operation is a subtraction operation; if the first operation is a subtraction operation, the second operation is an addition operation). Part 1020 may be understood as post-quantization processing performed on the soft modulation symbol.
According to the implementation shown in
The first parameter in
It may be understood that Table 3 shows only an example of possible values of the first parameter, and the first parameter may alternatively have other values. For example, a value of the first parameter may alternatively be the reciprocal of that in Table 3. In addition, it may be understood that Table 3 shows only an example of a possible representation form of a relationship between the value of the first parameter, and the modulation scheme of the soft modulation symbol and the modulation scheme of the hard modulation symbol. Other representation forms also fall within the protection scope of the embodiments of this application.
In quantization processing in the foregoing part 1010, the third real part value may be determined based on a value range to which the second real part value belongs, and the third imaginary part value may be determined based on a value range to which the second imaginary part value belongs.
For example, the modulation scheme of the hard modulation symbol is 16 QAM (which may also be referred to as 16 QAM hard modulation). Table 4 shows an example of a possible correspondence between a value range of the second real part value and the third real part value and a possible correspondence between a value range of the second imaginary part value and the third imaginary part value. In some embodiments, a value range that is in a left column of Table 4 and within which the second real part value falls is determined based on the second real part value, and it is determined that a value, in a right column of Table 4, corresponding to the value range is the third real part value obtained by quantizing the second real part value. A value range that is in the left column of Table 4 and within which the second imaginary part value falls is determined based on the second imaginary part value, and it is determined that a value, in the right column of Table 4, corresponding to the value range is the third imaginary part value obtained by quantizing the second imaginary part value.
For example, the modulation scheme of the hard modulation symbol is 64 QAM (which may also be referred to as 64 QAM hard modulation). Table 5 shows an example of a possible correspondence between a value range of the second real part value and the third real part value and a possible correspondence between a value range of the second imaginary part value and the third imaginary part value. In some embodiments, a value range that is in a left column of Table 5 and within which the second real part value falls is determined based on the second real part value, and it is determined that a value, in a right column of Table 5, corresponding to the value range is the third real part value obtained by quantizing the second real part value. A value range that is in the left column of Table 5 and within which the second imaginary part value falls is determined based on the second imaginary part value, and it is determined that a value, in the right column of Table 5, corresponding to the value range is the third imaginary part value obtained by quantizing the second imaginary part value.
It may be understood that the value ranges of the second real part value/the second imaginary part value shown in Table 4 and Table 5 are merely examples. The embodiments of this application are not limited to division into the foregoing value ranges. Table 4 and Table 5 show possible quantization relationships by using only examples in which the second modulation scheme is 16 QAM and 64 QAM. Quantization relationships in other second modulation schemes also fall within the protection scope of the embodiments of this application. In addition, it may be understood that values in the first column and the second column in Table 4 or Table 5 may be multiplied by a same real number (the real number may be considered as a scalar factor).
In
In part 1000 in
In part 1010 in
In part 1020 in
It may be understood that the value of the first parameter β may alternatively be the reciprocal of that in Table 3. In this case, the first operation in the example in
Part 1100: Perform a first operation on a first real part value and a first parameter (the first parameter may be denoted by β) to obtain a second real part value, and perform the first operation on a first imaginary part value and the first parameter to obtain a second imaginary part value. The first real part value is a real part value of the first modulation symbol (which may also be referred to as the soft modulation symbol). The first imaginary part value is an imaginary part value of the first modulation symbol (which may also be referred to as the soft modulation symbol). Part 1100 may be understood as pre-quantization processing performed on the soft modulation symbol. The first operation is a multiplication operation, a division operation, an addition operation, or a subtraction operation.
Part 1110: Quantize the second real part value to obtain a target real part value, and quantize the second imaginary part value to obtain a target imaginary part value. The target real part value is a real part value of the target symbol (which may also be referred to as the hard modulation symbol). The target imaginary part value is an imaginary part value of the target symbol (which may also be referred to as the hard modulation symbol). Part 1110 may be understood as quantization processing performed on the soft modulation symbol.
According to the implementation shown in
For the first parameter in
In
In part 1100 in
In part 1110 in
It may be understood that a value of the first parameter β may alternatively be the reciprocal of that in Table 3. In this case, the first operation in the example in
In some embodiments, the node may control enabling or disabling of the soft modulation symbol quantization operation that is schematically shown in
Part 1200: A node 2 receives first control information, where the first control information is sent by a node 1. The first control information includes first indication information and/or identification information of the node 2. The identification information of the node 2 indicates the node 2, and the first indication information indicates the node 2 to perform the method that is schematically shown in
Part 1210: The node 2 performs the method that is schematically shown in
The “performing the method that is schematically shown in
According to the method schematically shown in
In the foregoing part 1200, the node 2 receives the first control information, and determines, based on the first control information, to quantize the first modulation symbol in
For example, the first indication information included in the first control information indicates the node 2 to quantize the first modulation symbol to obtain the target symbol.
Alternatively, the first indication information included in the first control information indicates the second modulation scheme in
Alternatively, the first indication information included in the first control information indicates the second modulation scheme in
In some embodiments, the first indication information indicates the foregoing first parameter, and the node 2 can perform correct data modulation based on the first parameter.
The first control information in
In a possible implementation in which the first control information is included in the physical layer information, one or more bits in a modulation and coding scheme (modulation coding scheme, MCS) indication field in the DCI or SCI may be reused to carry the first indication information in the first control information.
In a possible implementation in which the first indication information indicates the second modulation scheme in
In another possible implementation in which the first indication information indicates the second modulation scheme in
The offset may be an offset between a modulation order of the second modulation scheme and a modulation order of the first modulation scheme. For example, if the second modulation scheme is 16 QAM (the modulation order is 4), and the first modulation scheme is QPSK (the modulation order is 2), the offset is 2 or −2. For another example, if the second modulation scheme is 16 QAM (the modulation order is 4), and the first modulation scheme is 16 QAM (the modulation order is 4), the offset is 0.
Alternatively, the offset may be an offset between the second modulation scheme and the first modulation scheme when a plurality of modulation schemes are arranged in a specific order. An arrangement order of three modulation schemes {QPSK, 16 QAM, 64 QAM} is used as an example. For example, if the second modulation scheme is 16 QAM, and the first modulation scheme is QPSK, the offset is 1 or −1. For another example, if the second modulation scheme is 64 QAM, and the first modulation scheme is QPSK, the offset is 2 or −2. For still another example, if the second modulation scheme is 16 QAM, and the first modulation scheme is 16 QAM, the offset is 0.
In some embodiments, the node may notify another node of information related to soft modulation symbol quantization.
Part 1300: A node 2 sends second control information, where the second control information may be received by a node 1. The second control information includes second indication information and/or identification information of the node 1. The identification information of the node 1 indicates the node 1, and the node 1 receives, based on the second indication information, data sent by the node 2.
Part 1310: The node 2 performs the method that is schematically shown in
The “performing the method that is schematically shown in
It may be understood that a specific execution order of part 1300 and part 1310 is not limited in
According to the method schematically shown in
In a possible implementation of the foregoing part 1300, the second indication information indicates the first modulation scheme in
For a specific implementation method of the second control information in
The embodiment of this application schematically shown in
According to the method provided in this embodiment of this application, a soft modulation symbol generated through soft modulation may be quantized to a limited quantity of constellation points before being sent, so as to obtain a comparatively low PAPR and/or a comparatively low EVM. In this way, it can be ensured that requirements of an intermediate frequency indicator and a radio frequency indicator are both met.
Part 1500: A node obtains fourth data based on second data. The second data includes one or more second real numbers. The second real number is greater than or equal to −1 and less than or equal to 1. The fourth data includes a plurality of fourth real numbers. The fourth real number is equal to −1 or equal to 1. It may be understood that the node in this embodiment of this application may be a terminal, or may be a network device.
Part 1510: The node generates, based on the fourth data, a second modulation symbol corresponding to a second modulation scheme. The second modulation scheme is BPSK, QPSK, 16 QAM, 64 QAM, 256 QAM, 512 QAM, or 1024 QAM.
Part 1520: The node preprocesses the second modulation symbol to obtain to-be-sent data. The preprocessing includes one or more of layer mapping, antenna port mapping, precoding, or transform precoding. The preprocessing may be understood as a processing operation that needs to be completed before the target symbol is mapped to a physical resource.
Part 1530: The node maps the to-be-sent data to the physical resource, and sends the to-be-sent data by using the physical resource. The physical resource may include one or more of a time domain resource, a frequency domain resource, a code domain resource, or a space domain resource. For example, the time domain resource included in the physical resource may include at least one frame, at least one sub-frame (sub-frame), at least one slot (slot), at least one mini-slot (mini-slot), or at least one time domain symbol. For example, the frequency domain resource included in the physical resource may include at least one carrier (carrier), at least one component carrier (component carrier, CC), at least one bandwidth part (bandwidth part, BWP), at least one resource block group (resource block group, RBG), at least one physical resource block group (physical resource-block group, PRG), at least one resource block (resource block, RB), or at least one sub-carrier (sub-carrier, SC). For example, the space domain resource included in the physical resource may include at least one beam, at least one port, at least one antenna port, or at least one layer/spatial layer. For example, the code domain resource included in the physical resource may include at least one orthogonal cover code (orthogonal cover code, OCC) or at least one non-orthogonal multiple access (non-orthogonal multiple access, NOMA) code.
It may be understood that the physical resource may be a physical resource of a baseband, and the physical resource of the baseband may be used by a baseband chip; or the physical resource may be a physical resource of an air interface; or the physical resource may be a physical resource of intermediate frequency or radio frequency.
The embodiment of this application schematically shown in
According to the method provided in this embodiment of this application, the soft information may be modulated to a limited quantity of constellation points before being sent, so as to obtain a comparatively low PAPR and/or a comparatively low EVM. In this way, it can be ensured that requirements of an intermediate frequency indicator and a radio frequency indicator are both met, so that a modulation signal of the soft information can be sent by using an intermediate frequency device/a radio frequency device.
In a possible implementation of the foregoing part 1500 and part 1510, the second data (which may also be understood as the soft information) includes two second real numbers ã0 and ã1, and the fourth data includes four fourth real numbers a0, a1, a2, and a3. Through soft information mapping schematically shown in
Table 6 and Table 7 are used as examples. Table 6 shows an example of a possible mapping relationship (which may also be referred to as a correspondence) between ã0, and a0 and a2. Table 7 shows an example of a possible mapping relationship between ã1, and a1 and a3. The node obtains ã0; determines, from the first column of Table 6, a value interval within which a value of ã0 falls; and determines that values that are in the second and the third columns of Table 6 and that correspond to the value interval are values of a0 and a2 obtained by mapping ã0. The node obtains ã1; determines, from the first column of Table 7, a value interval within which a value of ã1 falls; and determines that values that are in the second and the third columns of Table 7 and that correspond to the value interval are values of a1 and a3 obtained by mapping ã1.
In another possible implementation of the foregoing part 1500 and part 1510, the second data (which may also be understood as the soft information) includes four second real numbers ã0, ã1, ã2, and ã3, and the fourth data includes six fourth real numbers a0, a1, a2, a3, a4, and a5. Through soft information mapping schematically shown in
Table 8, Table 9, Table 10, and Table 11 are used as examples. Table 8 shows an example of a possible mapping relationship (which may also be referred to as a correspondence) between ã0 and a0. Table 9 shows an example of a possible mapping relationship between ã1 and a1. Table 10 shows an example of a possible mapping relationship between ã2, and a2 and a4. Table 11 shows an example of a possible mapping relationship between ã3, and a3 and a5. For descriptions of obtaining, by the node, values of a0, a1, a2, a3, a4, and a5 based on value ranges of ã0, ã1, ã2, and ã3, refer to the foregoing descriptions of Table 6 or Table 7. Details are not described herein again.
In another possible implementation of the foregoing part 1500 and part 1510, the second data (which may also be understood as the soft information) includes two second real numbers ã0 and ã1, and the fourth data includes six fourth real numbers a0, a1, a2, a3, a4, and a5. Through soft information mapping schematically shown in
Table 12 and Table 13 are used as examples. Table 12 shows an example of a possible mapping relationship (which may also be referred to as a correspondence) between ã0, and a0, a2, and a4. Table 13 shows an example of a possible mapping relationship between ã1, and a1, a3, and a5. For descriptions of obtaining, by the node, values of a0, a1, a2, a3, a4, and a5 based on value ranges of ã0 and ã1, refer to the foregoing descriptions of Table 6 or Table 7. Details are not described herein again.
The foregoing part 1500 and part 1510 may be alternatively replaced by the following part 1500-1 and part 1510-1:
Part 1500-1: A node obtains fifth data based on second data. The second data includes one or more second real numbers. The second real number is greater than or equal to −1 and less than or equal to 1. The fifth data includes a plurality of fifth real numbers. The fifth real number is equal to 0 or equal to 1.
Part 1510-1: The node generates, based on the fifth data, a second modulation symbol corresponding to a second modulation scheme.
In a possible implementation of the foregoing part 1500-1 and part 1510-1, the second data (which may also be understood as the soft information) includes two second real numbers ã0 and ã1, and the fifth data includes four fifth real numbers b0, b1, b2, and b3. Through soft information mapping schematically shown in
Table 14 and Table 15 are used as examples. Table 14 shows an example of a possible mapping relationship (which may also be referred to as a correspondence) between ã0, and b0 and b2. Table 15 shows an example of a possible mapping relationship between ã1, and b1 and b3. For descriptions of obtaining, by the node, values of b0, b1, b2, and b3 based on value ranges of ã0 and ã1, refer to the foregoing descriptions of Table 6 or Table 7. Details are not described herein again.
The foregoing part 1500 may be alternatively replaced by the following part 1500-2:
Part 1500-2: A node obtains fourth data based on third data. The third data includes a plurality of third real numbers. A value range of the third real number is from negative infinity to positive infinity. The fourth data includes a plurality of fourth real numbers. The fourth real number is equal to −1 or equal to 1.
In a possible implementation of the foregoing part 1500-2 and part 1510, the third data (which may also be understood as the soft information) includes two third real numbers {tilde over (L)}0 and {tilde over (L)}1, and the fourth data includes four fourth real numbers a0, a1, a2, and a3. Through soft information mapping schematically shown in
Table 16 and Table 17 are used as examples. Table 16 shows an example of a possible mapping relationship (which may also be referred to as a correspondence) between {tilde over (L)}0, and a0 and a2. Table 17 shows an example of a possible mapping relationship between {tilde over (L)}1, and a1 and a3. A represents a positive real number, +Lim represents positive infinity, and −Lim represents negative infinity. For descriptions of obtaining, by the node, values of a0, a1, a2, and a3 based on value ranges of {tilde over (L)}0 and {tilde over (L)}1, refer to the foregoing descriptions of Table 6 or Table 7. Details are not described herein again.
It may be understood that the values of the fourth data and the value ranges of the second data that are shown in Table 16 to Table 17 are merely used as examples. The embodiments of this application are not limited to division into the foregoing value ranges, and another correspondence between a value range of the second data and a value of the fourth data is not limited, either.
In addition, it may be understood that the foregoing part 1500 and part 1510 may be alternatively replaced by the following part 1500-3 and part 1510-2:
Part 1500-3: A node obtains fourth data and/or fifth data based on one or more of first data, second data, or third data. The first data includes one or more first real numbers. The first real number is greater than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 1. The second data includes one or more second real numbers. The second real number is greater than or equal to −1 and less than or equal to 1. The third data includes one or more third real numbers. A value range of the third real number is from negative infinity to positive infinity. The fourth data includes a plurality of fourth real numbers. The fourth real number is equal to −1 or equal to 1. The fifth data includes a plurality of fifth real numbers. The fifth real number is equal to 0 or equal to 1.
Part 1510-2: The node generates, based on the fourth data and/or the fifth data, a second modulation symbol corresponding to a second modulation scheme.
The correspondences shown in the foregoing tables may be configured. The values in the tables are merely examples, and other values may be configured. This is not limited in this application. During configuration of the correspondences between the parameters in the tables, it is not necessarily required that all the correspondences shown in the tables be configured. For example, in the foregoing tables, correspondences shown in some rows may not be configured. For another example, proper variation and adjustment such as splitting, merging, or cropping may be performed based on the foregoing tables. Parameter names shown in heads of the foregoing tables may be alternatively replaced by other names that can be understood by the communications device, and the values or denotation manners of the parameters may be alternatively replaced by other values or denotation manners that can be understood by the communications device. During implementation of the foregoing tables, other data structures may be alternatively used. For example, an array, a queue, a container, a stack, a linear table, a pointer, a linked list, a tree, a graph, a structure, a class, a heap, or a hash table may be used.
“Default” in this application may be understood as default or preset. A default value in this application is a predefined value, a default value, or a preset value. A non-default value in this application is a value other than the foregoing default value. It may be understood that a specific value of the foregoing default value is not limited in this application.
“Predefined” in this application may be understood as defined, predefined, stored, prestored, pre-negotiated, preconfigured, solidified, or pre-fired.
It may be understood that the method implemented by the communications device in the foregoing method embodiments may be alternatively implemented by a component (for example, an integrated circuit or a chip) that can be used for the communications device.
Corresponding to the wireless communication method provided in the foregoing method embodiments, an embodiment of this application further provides a corresponding communications apparatus (which may also be referred to as a communications device). The communications apparatus includes a corresponding module configured to perform each part in the foregoing embodiments. The module may be software, may be hardware, or may be a combination of software and hardware.
The communications apparatus 1700 may include one or more processors 1701. The processor 1701 may also be referred to as a processing unit, and can implement a specific control function. The processor 1701 may be a general purpose processor, a dedicated processor, or the like. For example, the processor may be a baseband processor or a central processing unit. The baseband processor may be configured to process a communications protocol and communication data. The central processing unit may be configured to control the communications apparatus (for example, a base station, a baseband chip, a distributed unit (distributed unit, DU), or a centralized unit (centralized unit, CU)), execute a software program, and process data of the software program.
In some embodiments, the processor 1701 may also store instructions and/or data 1703. The instructions and/or data 1703 may be run by the processor, so that the communications apparatus 1700 performs the method that corresponds to the communications device and that is described in the foregoing method embodiments.
In some embodiments, the processor 1701 may include a transceiver unit configured to implement receiving and sending functions. For example, the transceiver unit may be a transceiver circuit or an interface. Circuits or interfaces configured to implement receiving and sending functions may be separated from each other, or may be integrated with each other.
In some embodiments, the communications apparatus 1700 may include a circuit. The circuit may implement a sending, receiving, or communication function in the foregoing method embodiments.
In some embodiments, the communications apparatus 1700 may include one or more memories 1702, and the memory 1702 may store instructions 1704. The instructions may be run on the processor, so that the communications apparatus 1700 performs the method described in the foregoing method embodiments. In some embodiments, the memory may further store data. In some embodiments, the processor may also store instructions and/or data. The processor and the memory may be separately disposed, or may be integrated with each other. For example, various correspondences described in the foregoing method embodiments may be stored in the memory or stored in the processor.
In some embodiments, the communications apparatus 1700 may further include a transceiver 1705 and/or an antenna 1706. The processor 1701 may be referred to as a processing unit, and controls the communications apparatus (a terminal or a network device). The transceiver 1705 may be referred to as a transceiver unit, a transceiver, a transceiver circuit, a transceiver, or the like, and is configured to implement a transceiver function of the communications apparatus.
In some embodiments, the communications apparatus 1700 (for example, an integrated circuit, a wireless device, a circuit module, a network device, or a terminal) may include a processor 1701 and a transceiver 1705. The processor 1701 generates a first modulation symbol corresponding to a first modulation scheme, and quantizes the first modulation symbol to obtain a target symbol. The target symbol corresponds to one of a plurality of constellation points of a second modulation scheme. The processor 1701 preprocesses the target symbol to obtain to-be-sent data, where the preprocessing includes one or more of layer mapping, antenna port mapping, precoding, or transform precoding. The processor 1701 maps the to-be-sent data to a physical resource, and the transceiver 1705 sends the to-be-sent data by using the physical resource.
The processor and transceiver described in this application may be implemented in an integrated circuit (integrated circuit, IC), an analog IC, a radio frequency integrated circuit RFIC, a mixed-signal IC, an application-specific integrated circuit (application specific integrated circuit, ASIC), a printed circuit board (printed circuit board, PCB), an electronic device, or the like. The processor and transceiver may be made by using various IC process technologies, such as a complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (complementary metal oxide semiconductor, CMOS), an N-channel metal oxide semiconductor (nMetal-oxide-semiconductor, NMOS), a p-channel metal oxide semiconductor (positive channel metal oxide semiconductor, PMOS), a bipolar junction transistor (Bipolar Junction Transistor, BJT), a bipolar CMOS (BiCMOS), silicon germanium (SiGe), gallium arsenide (GaAs), and the like.
In some embodiments, the communications apparatus is described by using the network device or the terminal as an example. However, a scope of the communications apparatus described in this application is not limited thereto, and a structure of the communications apparatus may not be limited by
(1) an independent integrated circuit IC, or a chip, or a chip system or subsystem;
(2) a set including one or more ICs, the IC set may also include a storage component configured to store data and/or an instruction;
(3) an ASIC, for example, a modem (MSM);
(4) a module that can be embedded in another device;
(5) a receiver, a terminal, an intelligent terminal, a cellular phone, a wireless device, a handheld device, a mobile unit, a vehicle-mounted device, a network device, a cloud device, an artificial intelligence device, or the like; or
(6) other types of devices or components.
After the user equipment is powered on, the processor may read a software program in a storage unit, parse and execute instructions of the software program, and process data of the software program. When data needs to be sent wirelessly, the processor outputs a baseband signal to the radio frequency circuit after performing baseband processing on the to-be-sent data. The radio frequency circuit processes the baseband signal to obtain a radio frequency signal, and sends the radio frequency signal to the outside in an electromagnetic wave form by using the antenna. When data is sent to the user equipment, the radio frequency circuit receives a radio frequency signal by using the antenna, and the radio frequency signal is further converted into a baseband signal. The baseband signal is output to the processor. The processor converts the baseband signal into data, and processes the data.
A person skilled in the art may understand that, for ease of description,
In an optional implementation, the processor may include a baseband processor and a central processing unit. The baseband processor is mainly configured to process the communications protocol and communication data. The central processing unit is mainly configured to control the entire terminal, execute the software program, and process the data of the software program. The processor in
In an example, the antenna and the control circuit that have a transceiver function may be considered as a transceiver unit 1811 of the terminal 1800, and the processor that has a processing function may be considered as a processing unit 1812 of the terminal 1800. As shown in
As shown in
In a possible design, one or more modules in
The communications apparatus has a function of implementing the terminal described in the embodiments of this application. For example, the communications apparatus includes a module or unit or means (means) corresponding to terminal-related operations that are performed by the terminal and that are described in the embodiments of this application. The function or unit or means (means) may be implemented by software or hardware, or may be implemented by executing corresponding software by hardware. For details, refer to corresponding descriptions in the foregoing corresponding method embodiments.
Alternatively, the communications apparatus has a function of implementing the network device described in the embodiments of this application. For example, the communications apparatus includes a module or unit or means (means) corresponding to network-device-related operations that are performed by the network device and that are described in the embodiments of this application. The function or unit or means (means) may be implemented by software or hardware, or may be implemented by executing corresponding software by hardware. For details, refer to corresponding descriptions in the foregoing corresponding method embodiments.
In some embodiments, the modules in the communications device 1900 in this embodiment of this application may be configured to perform the method described in
In a possible implementation, the processing module 1902 generates a first modulation symbol corresponding to a first modulation scheme. The processing module 1902 quantizes the first modulation symbol to obtain a target symbol. The target symbol corresponds to one of a plurality of constellation points of a second modulation scheme. The processing module 1902 preprocesses the target symbol to obtain to-be-sent data. The preprocessing includes one or more of layer mapping, antenna port mapping, precoding, or transform precoding. The processing module 1902 maps the to-be-sent data to a physical resource, and the transceiver module 1901 sends the to-be-sent data by using the physical resource.
According to the data sending apparatus provided in this embodiment of this application, a soft modulation symbol generated through soft modulation is quantized to a limited quantity of constellation points before being sent. This can ensure that a generated signal meets a requirement of an intermediate frequency indicator/a radio frequency indicator.
In some embodiments, the processing module 1902 generates the first modulation symbol based on first data and/or second data. A mapping relationship corresponding to the first modulation scheme is met between the first modulation symbol and the first data and/or the second data. The first data includes one or more first real numbers. The first real number is greater than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 1. The second data includes one or more second real numbers. The second real number is greater than or equal to −1 and less than or equal to 1.
In some embodiments, the mapping relationship corresponding to the first modulation scheme is one of the following:
{tilde over (Q)}=1/√{square root over (2)}×[(1−2{tilde over (b)}0)+j(1−2{tilde over (b)}0)], where {tilde over (b)}0 is one first real number included in the first data, {tilde over (Q)} is the first modulation symbol, and j is an imaginary unit;
{tilde over (Q)}=1/√{square root over (2)}×[(1−2{tilde over (b)}0)+j(1−2{tilde over (b)}1)], where {tilde over (b)}0 and {tilde over (b)}1 are two first real numbers included in the first data, {tilde over (Q)} is the first modulation symbol, and j is an imaginary unit;
{tilde over (Q)}=1/√{square root over (10)}×{(1−2{tilde over (b)}0)[2−(1−2{tilde over (b)}2)]+j(1−2{tilde over (b)}1)[2−(1−2{tilde over (b)}3)]}, where {tilde over (b)}0, and {tilde over (b)}1, {tilde over (b)}2, and {tilde over (b)}3 are four first real numbers included in the first data, {tilde over (Q)} is the first modulation symbol, and j is an imaginary unit;
{tilde over (Q)}=1/√{square root over (42)}×{(1−2{tilde over (b)}0)[4−(1−2{tilde over (b)}2)[2−(1−2{tilde over (b)}4)]]+j(1−2{tilde over (b)}1)[4−(1−2{tilde over (b)}3)[2−(1−2{tilde over (b)}5)]]}, where {tilde over (b)}0, {tilde over (b)}1, {tilde over (b)}2, {tilde over (b)}b3, {tilde over (b)}4, and {tilde over (b)}5 are six first real numbers included in the first data, {tilde over (Q)} is the first modulation symbol, and j is an imaginary unit;
{tilde over (Q)}=1/√{square root over (2)}×[ã0+jã0], where ã0 is one second real number included in the second data, {tilde over (Q)} is the first modulation symbol, and j is an imaginary unit;
{tilde over (Q)}=1/√{square root over (2)}×[ã0+jã1], where ã0 and ã1 are two second real numbers included in the second data, {tilde over (Q)} is the first modulation symbol, and j is an imaginary unit;
{tilde over (Q)}=1/√{square root over (10)}×{(2ã0−ã0ã2)+j(2ã1−ã1ã3)}, where ã0, ã1, ã2, and ã3 are four second real numbers included in the second data, {tilde over (Q)} is the first modulation symbol, and j is an imaginary unit;
{tilde over (Q)}=1/√{square root over (42)}×{(4ã0−2ã0ã2+ã0ã2ã4)+j(4ã1−2ã1ã3+ã1ã3ã5)}, where ã0, ã1, ã2, ã3, ã4, and ã5 are six second real numbers included in the second data, {tilde over (Q)} is the first modulation symbol, and j is an imaginary unit;
{tilde over (Q)}=1/√{square root over (2)}×[(1−2{tilde over (b)}0)+jã1], where {tilde over (b)}0 is one first real number included in the first data, ã1 is one second real number included in the second data, {tilde over (Q)} is the first modulation symbol, and j is an imaginary unit; or
{tilde over (Q)}=1/√{square root over (10)}×{(1−2{tilde over (b)}0)[2−ã2]+j(1−2{tilde over (b)}1)[2−ã3]}, where {tilde over (b)}0 and {tilde over (b)}1 are two first real numbers included in the first data, ã2 and ã3 are two second real numbers included in the second data, {tilde over (Q)} is the first modulation symbol, and j is an imaginary unit.
In some embodiments, the processing module 1902 quantizes sixth data to obtain the first data and/or the second data.
In some embodiments, the processing module 1902 obtains the first data and/or the second data based on sixth data. The sixth data and the first data meet {tilde over (b)}i=eL/(1+eL), where L is the sixth data, and {tilde over (b)}i is the first data. The sixth data and the second data meet ãi=−tanh(L/2), where L is the sixth data, and ãi is the second data.
In some embodiments, the second modulation scheme is binary phase shift keying (BPSK), quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK), 16 quadrature amplitude modulation (16 QAM), 64 quadrature amplitude modulation (64 QAM), 256 quadrature amplitude modulation (256 QAM), 512 quadrature amplitude modulation (512 QAM), or 1024 quadrature amplitude modulation (1024 QAM).
In some embodiments, the transceiver module 1901 receives first control information, and the processing module 1902 determines, based on the first control information, to quantize the first modulation symbol to obtain the target symbol. The first control information includes first indication information and/or identification information of the communications device 1900. The identification information of the communications device 1900 indicates the communications device 1900. In some embodiments, the first indication information indicates the communications device 1900 or the processing module 1902 to quantize the first modulation symbol to obtain the target symbol; or the first indication information indicates the second modulation scheme; or the first indication information indicates the second modulation scheme, and indicates the communications device 1900 or the processing module 1902 to quantize the first modulation symbol to obtain the target symbol. When the apparatus is used, a soft modulation symbol quantization function may be enabled or disabled based on a data sending requirement, and the communications device can be notified to use a suitable modulation scheme. This improves robustness of data sending.
In some embodiments, the modules in the communications device 1900 in this embodiment of this application may be alternatively configured to perform the method described in
It may be understood that, in some scenarios, some optional features in the embodiments of this application may be independently implemented without relying on another feature, for example, a solution on which the optional features are currently based, to resolve a corresponding technical problem and achieve a corresponding effect; or may be combined with another feature based on a requirement in some scenarios. Correspondingly, the apparatus provided in the embodiments of this application may also correspondingly implement these features or functions. Details are not described herein.
A person skilled in the art may further understand that various illustrative logic blocks (illustrative logic block) and operations that are listed in the embodiments of this application may be implemented by using electronic hardware, computer software, or a combination thereof. Whether the functions are implemented by using hardware or software depends on particular applications and a design requirement of an entire system. A person of ordinary skill in the art may use various methods to implement the described functions for each particular application, but it should not be considered that the implementation goes beyond the scope of the embodiments of this application.
The technologies described in this application may be implemented in various manners. For example, these technologies may be implemented by hardware, software, or a combination of hardware. For implementation by hardware, a processing unit configured to execute these technologies in a communications apparatus (for example, a base station, a terminal, a network entity, or a chip) may be implemented in one or more general purpose processors, a digital signal processor (DSP), a digital signal processing device (DSPD), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a programmable logic device (PLD), a field programmable gate array (FPGA), another programmable logic apparatus, a discrete gate or transistor logic, a discrete hardware component, or any combination thereof. The general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor. In some embodiments, the general-purpose processor may alternatively be any conventional processor, controller, microcontroller, or state machine. Alternatively, the processor may be implemented by a combination of computing apparatuses, such as a digital signal processor and a microprocessor, a plurality of microprocessors, one or more microprocessors in combination with a digital signal processor core, or any other similar configuration.
A person of ordinary skill in the art may understand that various numbers such as “first” and “second” in this application are merely intended for differentiation for ease of description, but are not intended to limit the scope of the embodiments of this application, and also indicate a sequence. The term “and/or” describes an association relationship for describing associated objects and represents that three relationships may exist. For example, A and/or B may represent the following three cases: Only A exists, both A and B exist, and only B exists. The character “/” generally indicates an “or” relationship between the associated objects. “At least one” means one or more. “At least two” means two or more. “At least one”, “any one”, or a similar expression thereof means any combination of these items, including a single item (item) or any combination of a plurality of items (items). For example, at least one of a, b, or c may represent: a; b; c; a and b; a and c; b and c; or a, b, and c. Each of a, b, and c may be singular or plural.
In this application, a description that a mapping relationship (which may also be understood as a function relationship) is met between a and b does not mandatorily require that the mapping relationship be precisely met between a and b. For example, if the mapping relationship is precisely met between the value a and a value b′, and the value b is obtained by performing an operation such as floating-point removal, rounding, or rounding off on the value b′, this may also be understood as that the mapping relationship is met between a and b. It may be understood that “the mapping relationship is met between a and b” may also mean that a mapping relationship obtained through equivalent transformation of the mapping relationship is met between a and b. This is not limited in the embodiments of this application.
Operations of the methods or algorithms described in the embodiments of this application may be directly embedded into hardware, an instruction executed by a processor, or a combination thereof. The memory may be a RAM memory, a flash memory, a ROM memory, an EPROM memory, an EEPROM memory, a register, a hard disk, a removable magnetic disk, a CD-ROM, or a storage medium of any other form in the art. For example, the memory may connect to a processor, so that the processor may read information from the memory and write information to the memory. In some embodiments, the memory may further be integrated into the processor. The processor and the memory may be disposed in an ASIC, and the ASIC may be disposed in a terminal. In some embodiments, the processor and the memory may alternatively be disposed in different components of a terminal.
All or some of the foregoing embodiments may be implemented by using software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When software is used to implement the embodiments, the embodiments may be implemented completely or partially in a form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When the computer program instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, all or some of the procedure or functions according to the embodiments of this application are generated. The computer may be a general-purpose computer, a dedicated computer, a computer network, or another programmable apparatus. The computer instructions may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or may be transmitted from a computer-readable storage medium to another computer-readable storage medium. For example, the computer instructions may be transmitted from a website, computer, server, or data center to another website, computer, server, or data center in a wired (for example, a coaxial cable, an optical fiber, or a digital subscriber line (DSL)) or wireless (for example, infrared, radio, or microwave) manner. The computer-readable storage medium may be any usable medium accessible to a computer, or a data packet storage device, such as a server or a data packet center, integrating one or more usable media. The usable medium may be a magnetic medium (for example, a floppy disk, a hard disk, or a magnetic tape), an optical medium (for example, a DVD), a semiconductor medium (for example, a solid-state drive (Solid State Disk, SSD)), or the like. The foregoing combination shall be included in the protection scope of the computer-readable medium.
For same or similar parts of the embodiments in this specification, reference may be made to each other. The foregoing implementations of this application do not constitute a limitation on the protection scope of this application.
Number | Date | Country | Kind |
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201811447895.8 | Nov 2018 | CN | national |
This application is a continuation of International Application No. PCT/CN2019/107949, filed on Sep. 25, 2019, which claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 201811447895.8, filed on Nov. 29, 2018. The disclosures of the aforementioned applications are hereby incorporated by reference in their entireties.
Number | Date | Country | |
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Parent | PCT/CN2019/107949 | Sep 2019 | US |
Child | 17334423 | US |