This application claims the benefit of Korean Patent Application Nos. 10-2011-0097857 and 10-2012-0074998, filed on Sep. 27, 2011 and Jul. 10, 2012, respectively, which are hereby incorporated by reference as if fully set forth herein.
The present invention relates to a satellite transmission system, and more particularly, to a data transmission and reception apparatus and method robust against phase noise for a high efficiency satellite transmission in a time division multiplexing (TDM)/time division multiple access (TDMA) satellite transmission and access system.
In general, a TDM/TDMA scheme is mainly used as a transport protocol in a conventional broadband satellite broadcast/communication system. In case of a broadcast system, data is transmitted in the form of a continuous stream based on a TDM scheme, and a start point of a frame is detected on a basis of known data (unique data) at a reception end and data due to a satellite channel error is restored based on the detected start point of the frame.
As illustrated in
In addition, in order to address this problem, carrier phase noise is obtained at a reception end with respect to all possible data streams and then data is restored using the same, which entails an increase of computational complexity at the reception end.
In view of the above, therefore, the present invention provides a data transmission and reception apparatus and method robust against phase noise for a high efficiency satellite transmission in a TDM/TDMA type satellite transmission and access system.
In accordance with an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a data transmission and reception apparatus for a high efficiency satellite transmission, which includes: an initial phase calculation unit configured to calculate initial phase information using a preamble and a postamble of a data packet applied thereto; a symbol transition calculation unit configured to perform forward and backward metric operations using the initial phase information calculated by the initial phase calculation unit and a pilot symbol in the data packet to calculate a symbol transition of the data packet; and a phase error estimation unit configured to calculating a phase error using the pilot symbol in a spot where the pilot symbol is positioned, the calculated phase error being provided to the symbol transition calculation unit.
In the data transmission and reception apparatus, the initial phase information is phase information of a start point and an end point of the initial phase of the data packet.
In accordance with another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a data transmission and reception method for a high efficiency satellite transmission, which includes: calculating initial phase information using a preamble and a postamble of a data packet; performing forward and backward metric operations using the initial phase information and a pilot symbol of the data packet; and calculating a symbol transition of the data packet through the forward and backward metric operations.
In the data transmission and reception method, the performing forward and backward metric operations include calculating a phase error using the pilot symbol in the data packet in a spot where the pilot symbol is positioned.
In the data transmission and reception method, the initial phase information is phase information of a start point and an end point of the initial phase of the data packet.
The above and other objects and features of the present invention will become apparent from the following description of preferred embodiments, given in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with the accompanying drawings.
In a satellite broadcast/communication system, a signal transmission and reception model may be expressed by Eq. (1) below:
r
k
=s
k
e
jθ
+nk,
where k=0, . . . , P−1 Eq. (1)
In Equation, when a channel carrier phase is considered as k index of a time domain, θk may be considered as a random variable having a uniform distribution of a time variable function (−π, π). Herein, r is a reception signal vector, s is a transmission signal vector, and n is expressed as P number of vectors corresponding to AWGN noise.
In this case, a phase locked loop (PLL) scheme has been mainly used a method of tracking a change in phase noise.
In the case of the PLL scheme, compensation for phase noise is performed through a tracking of a phase variation by optimizing a gain value of a digital loop filter 402 pursuant to a signal to noise ratio (SNR) in Eq. (2) below. However, it has a limitation in perfectly correcting the phase noise when a distance between adjacent symbols, such as higher order modulation (8PSK, 16QAM) or the like, is close. In Eq. (2), {circumflex over (θ)}k+1 corresponds to an output from the digital loop filter 402, xk is an output signal from a phase error detector 400, and λ is a value set by a user as a gain value of the digital loop filter 402.
{circumflex over (θ)}k+1={circumflex over (θ)}k+λxk Eq. (2)
As illustrated in
Still another related art is a BCJR-based phase nose estimating technique. A trace of an amount of phase variation is observed by probability distribution and made to a sector to compensate for phase noise. In case where data is basically transmitted as shown in the form of
Here, a value of a channel phase may be discriminated as a value of a region L as in Eq. (3) below:
The probability distribution {θt} of the phase error is generally expressed in the form of a random walk as in Eq. (4) below, and Δt is a phase noise.
θt+1=θt+Δt Eq. (4)
Here, when it is assumed that there are L number of position states of a phase, transition of the phase may be expressed by a probability distribution model with L number of state trellises by Eq. (5) below:
A distribution of a phase at time t may be expressed as a vector p of a length L. Here, in case of a pilot disposition in which a preamble and a postamble exists as shown in
Herein, since an initial phase and a last phase of a data symbol are known through a pilot symbol, a forward metric/backward metric of each phase can be expressed by Eq. (7) and Eq. (8) below:
αt+1(k)=Σnαt(n)pt(n)p(n→k)α0=1 Eq. (7)
βt(k)=Σnβt+1(n)pt+1(n)p(n→k)βP−1=1 Eq. (8)
These are the same as illustrated in
At time I, the distribution of phases may be expressed by Eq. (9) below:
Herein, pa,t(s) is a prior probability of a symbol s at time t, and a channel LLR obtained by disregarding a symbol probability pt(s) is as shown in Eq. (10):
However, implementation of the foregoing techniques by hardware has complexity.
The initial phase calculation unit 800 calculates phase information of a start point and that of an end point for an initial phase using a preamble and a postamble of a data packet provided thereto.
Phase information af,0 of the start point of the initial phase may be calculated as in Eq. (11) below:
In Eq. (11), rk is data information of the reception data packet, pk is pilot information, and σ2AWGN denotes noise information of a channel.
Also, phase information ab,s of the end point of the initial phase may be calculated as in Eq. (12) below:
In Eq. (12), rL−k is data information of the data packet, and PL−k is pilot information.
The symbol transition calculation unit 802 performs forward metric operation in a forward direction from the preamble of the data packet using the initial phase information of the data packet calculated by the initial phase calculation unit 800 and a pilot symbol existing in the data packet. Further, the symbol transition calculation unit 802 calculates new phase information of the data packet in the forward direction through the forward metric operation to calculate a symbol transition of the data packet.
Here, new phase information a′k of the data packet may be calculated as in Eq. (13) below:
where k=1, . . . , P
In Eq. (13), αk−1 is an initial phase, rk−1 is data information of the reception data packet, and ck−1 is codeword data.
The symbol transition calculation unit 802 performs a backward metric operation on the reception data packet together with the forward metric operation as mentioned above. More specifically, the symbol transition calculation unit 802 performs a backward metric operation in a backward direction from the postamble of the packet data, and calculates new phase information of the data packet in the backward direction through backward metric operation to calculate a symbol transition of the data packet.
Herein, the new phase information β′k of the data packet may be calculated as in Eq. (14) below:
where k=1, . . . , P
In Eq. (14), βk+1 is an initial phase, rk+1 is data information of the reception data packet, and ck+1 is codeword data.
The phase error estimation unit 804 calculates a phase error using pilot symbols in spots where the pilot symbols repeatedly exist before and after the user data in the data packet, and provides information regarding the calculated phase error to the symbol transition calculation unit 802 so that the information regarding the calculated phase error can be applied in calculating a symbol transition of the data packet.
First, a data packet is received through a satellite transmission or the like. The initial phase calculation unit 800 calculates phase information of a start point and that of an end point for the initial phase using a preamble and a postamble of the reception data packet in operation 900.
Next, the calculated phase information of the reception data packet is provided to the symbol transition calculation unit 802. The symbol transition calculation unit 802 then performs a forward metric operation in a forward direction from the preamble of the data packet using the initial phase information of the data packet calculated by the initial phase calculation unit 800 and the pilot symbol existing in the data packet, and calculates new phase information of the data packet in the forward direction through the forward metric operation, thereby calculating a symbol transition in operation S902.
In addition, in operation 902, the symbol transition calculation unit 802 performs a backward metric operation in a backward direction from the postamble of the reception data packet, and calculates new phase information of the reception data packet in the backward direction through the backward metric operation, thereby calculating a symbol transition of the data packet.
Subsequently, the phase error estimation unit 804 calculates a phase error using pilot symbols in spots where the pilot symbols repeatedly exist before and after the user data in the data packet, and provides information regarding the calculated phase error to the symbol transition calculation unit 802, so that the information regarding the calculated phase error can be applied when a symbol transition of the data packet is calculated in operation S904.
As described above, in the embodiment, when a data packet is received in a TDM/TDMA type satellite transmission and access system, a start point and an end point of an initial phase are calculated using a preamble and a postamble and a forward metric and backward metric operation are performed on the initial phase using a pilot symbol to simply calculate a phase error so as to be robust against phase noise, thus improving the degradation of performance due to phase noise in the satellite communication/broadcast system. Further, phase noise is reduced by improved satellite error calculation, so that a reception end can more simply restore a signal.
While the invention has been shown and described with respect to the embodiments, the present invention is not limited thereto. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the scope of the invention as defined in the following claims.
Number | Date | Country | Kind |
---|---|---|---|
10-2011-0097857 | Sep 2011 | KR | national |
10-2012-0074998 | Jul 2012 | KR | national |