FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The invention concerns a deck fastener for securing deck boards together and to a supporting member, and deals more particularly with a deck fastener that does not protrude from the deck surface.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Brackets, clips, and anchors for securing boards to joists without nail or screw heads protruding from the deck surface are known. However, some of these deck-fastening systems require securing devices that are difficult to install or require extensive preparation. For example, some deck fastening systems require pre-installing tracks on joists, pre-drilling slots or holes in boards for fasteners, or gluing the boards to the joists. Other deck fastening systems must be installed from below the deck, a time consuming, expensive, and sometimes impossible procedure.
While these deck-fastening systems are designed to prevent nails or screws from appearing on the deck surface, many of the parts of the systems are quite apparent from beneath the deck. Since a deck is often located over a cellar entrance or off a second floor, the underside of such a deck is also in view. Therefore, the display of protruding fasteners and/or other components is unsightly and possibly dangerous.
Since deck boards are subject to warping, splitting and shrinking, some of the known deck fastener systems do not prevent the deck boards from separating from the support joists over time. The fasteners also can come loose or become out of position on the joists. The separating of the boards from the joists may allow the boards to protrude above the deck surface, making the deck unsightly and less usable.
Some deck-fastening systems include prongs that are inserted into the boards. However, wide prongs have been found to have a tendency to split the deck board material, especially when the deck board material is a composite material. In addition, thermal expansion and contraction of the boards has caused damage to the deck boards, the support member and/or the deck fastener.
The object of the present invention is, therefore, to provide an improved deck fastener which, among other desirable attributes, significantly reduces or overcomes the above-mentioned deficiencies of prior deck fasteners.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
According to the present invention, a fastener for securing a first board to an underlying supporting member and to at least one other board running adjacent and parallel to the first board includes a thin, flat body portion, a first prong, a second prong, and a flange. The flat body portion has a front face and a rear face, with the first prong extending outwardly from the front face of the body portion for driving into the first board. The second prong extends outwardly from the rear face of the body portion for penetrating the second board. The second prong runs adjacent, parallel to, and in a direction opposite from that of the first prong. The second prong includes a tab. The tab extends outward from the rear face of the thin flat body portion a distance. The flange also extends outward from the rear face of the thin flat body portion substantially the same distance as the tab. The body portion of the fastener has an opening for receiving a connector. In operation, the first prong is inserted in the first board at a location where the first board traverses the underlying support member. The connector is passed through the opening of the body portion at an angle and inserted into the underlying support member. A head portion of the connector engages the body portion of the fastener around the opening, holding the fastener in place. The second board is then positioned over the support member, parallel and adjacent to the first board. The second board is driven onto the second prongs, which extend outwardly from the rear face of the body portion. Thus, the second board is secured to the body portion and the first board.
A further feature of the invention is that a third prong extends outwardly from a bottom edge of the body portion of the fastener for spacing the body portion of the fastener away from the supporting member so that the fastener and the attached first board can be drawn down to the supporting member during installation of the connector in the event the first board is slightly raised from the supporting member when the fastener is driven into the first board.
Another feature of the invention is the approximately conical shape of the opening so that a head of the connector, such as a screw, can be partially inserted within the opening to reduce the amount of screw head protruding from the opening and thereby permit a close positioning of adjoining boards.
For aiding insertion into the boards, the prongs may have wedge-shaped ends, or they may have concave ends (formed by two short penetration points), depending on the particular board material.
Other features and advantages of the invention will be apparent from the following detailed description of various preferred embodiments of the invention, and from the accompanying drawings and claims.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
The drawings are:
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a deck fastener embodying the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a sectional view of the deck fastener of FIG. 1 retaining a first deck board and a second deck board to a support member;
FIG. 3 is fragmentary sectional view of FIG. 2 along line 3-3 showing the deck fastener of FIG. 1 retaining two boards to a support member with a fastening connector;
FIG. 4 is a fragmentary sectional view of FIG. 2 along line 4-4 showing the deck fastener of FIG. 1 retaining a first board to a second and third boards at their respective ends;
FIG. 5 is a perspective view of another deck fastener embodying the present invention; and
FIGS. 6A-6C are alternative embodiments of the deck fastener shown in FIG. 5.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
Referring to FIGS. 1 and 2, the fastener 10 of the present invention includes a thin, flat body portion 12, at least one first prong 14, at least one second prong 16, and a flange 18. The fastener 10 is operable to secure a first deck board 20 and a second deck board 22 together and to a support member 24.
Preferably, the fastener 10 is made of any suitable type of cut and bent sheet metal. In some embodiments, the fastener 10 is made from 0.06″ half-hardened steel that is rolled and not heat-treated. In other embodiments, the fastener 10 is made from 0.06″ 304 stainless steel that is quarter roll-hardened. The fastener may also be made from 0.03″ 420 or 440 stainless steel. Other materials and gauges are possible. Preferably, the fastener 10 is coated in order to hide the body portion 12 in the shadows created in the gap (discussed below and identified in FIG. 2 as “48”) between the adjoining deck boards 20, 22. In some embodiments, the fastener 10 is coated in a black oxide coating. In other embodiments, the coating can be a black phosphorous electric “e” coat HV3 oil finish for additional corrosion resistance.
The body portion 12 has a front face 26, a rear face 28, a top edge 30, a bottom edge 32, and an opening 34. The body portion 12 preferably has a length “L” of about 2⅛″ long and a height “H” of 0.5.″
The first prongs 14 extend outwardly from the front face 26 of the body portion 12 for being driven into and penetrating a first board 20 for securing the first board 20 to the body portion 12. Preferably, there are two first prongs 14 that are approximately parallel to each other and approximately perpendicular to the body portion 12. The first prongs 14 each include a first portion 36 and a second portion 38, the first portion 36 being generally rectangular in shape and the second portion 38 being wedge-shaped, as shown in FIG. 1. The first portion 36 of each of the first prongs is contiguous to the top edge 30 of the body portion 12 and the second portion 38 is contiguous with the first portion 36 of the first prong 14. In some embodiments, the first prong(s) 14 extend outwardly approximately ½″ from the body portion 12 and the first portion 36 has a width (“W”) that is approximately 3/16″ wide. The first prong(s) 14 have non-tapered edges for penetrating the material of the first deck board 20, such as a composite material.
The two first prongs 14 are preferably spaced approximately 1 15/16″ apart on the body portion 12. While two first prongs 14 have been shown and described, the present invention is not so limited. For example, embodiments of the present invention may include only a single first prong 14, or, alternatively, may include three or more first prongs 12, without departing from the broader aspects of the present invention. In addition, the size of the first prongs 14 may vary. Wider or narrower, or longer or shorter first prongs 14 may be used, as well, depending on the needs and wants of the end user.
Referring to FIGS. 1 and 2, the second prongs 16 extend outwardly from the top edge 30 of the rear face 28 of the body portion 12 for driving into a second deck board 22. Preferably, there are two (2) second prongs 16 that are approximately parallel to each other and approximately perpendicular to the body portion 12. The second prongs 16 run adjacent, parallel to, and in a direction opposite that of the first prongs 14. In some embodiments, each of the second prongs 16 includes a first portion 40 and a second portion 42, the first portion 40 being rectangular in shape and the second portion 42 being wedge-shaped. The first portion 40 of each second prong 16 is contiguous to the top edge 30 of the body portion 12 and the second portion 42 is contiguous with the first portion 40 of the second prong 16. Preferably, the second prongs 16, like the first prongs 14, extend outwardly approximately ½″ from the body portion 12 and the first portion 14 of each second prong 16 has a width (“W2”) that is approximately 3/16″ wide. The second prongs 16 have non-tapered edges for penetrating the material of the second deck board 22, such as a composite material.
Preferably, the two second prongs 16 are spaced approximately 1 5/16″ apart on the body portion 12. While two second prongs 16 have been shown and described, the present invention is not so limited, as there may be only a single second prong 16, or three or more second prongs 16, without departing from the broader aspects of the present invention.
Optionally, the body portion 12 includes one or more tabs 46. In some embodiments, the tab(s) 46 extend outwardly from the body portion 12 approximately ⅛″ in a direction parallel to the second prongs 16. Typically, the tabs 46 are connected to the second prongs 16 and extend at least partially between the second prongs 16, as shown, for example, in FIG. 1. However, in some embodiments, the tabs 46 may be separated from the second prongs 16.
Referring now to FIGS. 1 and 2, at least one flange 18 extends outwardly approximately ⅛″ from the bottom edge 32 of the rear face 28 of the body portion 12. In some embodiments, a single flange 18 may run the entire length “L” of the body portion 12, as shown in FIG. 1. In other embodiments, one or more flanges 18 may run a portion of the length “L” of the body portion 12. The flange(s) 18 and/or the tab(s) 46 are operable to create an initial gap 48 of approximately 3/16″ to ¼″ between the first deck board 20 and the second deck board 22 during installation. However, the gap 48 tends to widen slightly over time due to board shrinkage.
Continuing to refer to FIGS. 1 and 2, the body portion 12 includes an opening 34 for passing a connector 44, such as a screw. The opening is approximately centered lengthwise on the body portion 12. The connector 44 is operable to fasten the body portion 12 to the support member 24 (e.g., a joist). The opening 34 is preferably an elongated aperture in order to accommodate for linear expansion and contraction of the first and/or second deck boards 20,22. In some embodiments, such as the one shown in FIG. 1, the opening 34 may have one or more rounded ends. In some embodiments, the opening 34 extends at least partially onto the flange 18, thereby permitting the head of an inclined screw to partially fit through the opening 34. Accordingly, in these embodiments, the amount of screw head protruding from the rear face 28 of the body portion 12 when secured is reduced. However, the opening 34 is also typically sized to prevent the head of the connector 44 from completely passing through the body portion 12. The reduction in connector 44 head protrusion prevents the screw head from undesirably widening the initial gap 48 between the first deck board 20 and the second deck board 22.
Referring to FIG. 2, the body portion 12 having the opening 34 permits the body portion 12 to grasp a shank of the connector 44 and fasten the body portion 12 to the support member 24. The connector 44 is preferably a 1⅝″ or 2″ galvanized or stainless steel deck screw, having a no. 6 or 8 thickness and a course thread; however, any suitable connector is acceptable. The screw is inclined at about a 45-degree angle to the body portion 12 during insertion. As the screw is inserted, it passes through the body portion 12, the first board 20, and into the support member 24. While a screw has been shown and described, the present invention is not so limited, as other connectors 44 and fasteners which can connect the body portion 12 of the fastener 10 to the support member 24, such as a nail, can be employed without departing from the broader aspects of the invention.
Referring to FIGS. 2, 3 and 4, in operation, the first prongs 14 are driven into the first deck board 20. In some embodiments, an installation tool (not shown) is used to drive the first prongs 14 into the first deck board 20. The installation tool is typically shaped to accommodate the second prongs 16 and flange 18 of the fastener 10. The second side of the installation tool is typically substantially flat to provide a broad surface on which to strike the installation tool, thereby driving the first prongs 14 into the first deck board 20. The first deck board 20 is secured to the support member (e.g., joist) with the connector 44 at the location where the first board 20 overlaps, crosses, or is supported by the support member 24. The support member 24 is shown perpendicular to the body portion 12 and the first and second boards 20, 22. However, the present invention is not so limited, as the fastener 10 may also be employed with deck boards 20, 22 laid diagonally over the joist, without departing from the broader aspects of the present invention.
As shown in FIG. 2, the body portion 12 of the fastener 10 is centered on the support member 24 with the first deck board 20 crossing the support member 24. The body portion 12 is parallel to the first deck board 20 and the front face 26 of the body portion 12 facing the first board 20. The connector 44 is inserted in the opening 34 in the body portion 12 at approximately a 45 degree incline and passes through the body portion 12. In some embodiments, the connector 44 then passes through the first board 20 and into the underlying supporting member 24, thereby drawing the body portion 12 against the support member 24. In other embodiments, the connector 44 may pass through the body portion 12 and directly into the underlying support member 24.
Continuing with FIG. 3, the second board 22 is then positioned over the support member 24, parallel and adjacent to the first board 20. The second board 22 is driven onto the second prongs 16, which extend outwardly from the rear face 28 of the body portion 12. Thus, the second board 22 is secured to the body portion 12 and the first board 20.
As shown in FIG. 4, sometimes a width of a deck is larger than the length of boards 20, 22 used in building the deck, so it is necessary to position and secure two boards 20, 50, such as the first board 20 and a third board 50, together at their end sections 52, 54. To secure the end sections 52, 54 of the boards 20, 50 together, the end sections 52, 54 of the boards 20, 50 are positioned adjacent to each other over the support member 24. The above-described procedure is repeated, ensuring that at least one prong is driven into each of the first, second and third boards 20, 22, 50, thereby securing all of the boards 20, 22, 50 to each other and to the support member 24.
FIG. 5 shows an alternative embodiment of the fastener 10. Here, a fastener 60 is generally similar in overall shape and function to the fastener 10. However, instead of having first and second prongs 14, 16 with wedge-shaped second portions 38, 42, respectively, the fastener 60 has concave prongs 62. More particularly, each concave prong 62 is generally rectangular in overall shape, but has a slight concavity 64 in the insertion end of the prong 62. The slight concavity 64 results in two spaced-apart insertion points 66a, 66b positioned on the left and right sides of the end of the prong 62. In use, the insertion points 66a, 66b start the deck board penetration, while the outer edges of the prongs 62 cut the wood grain. In such a manner, the concave end 64 has proven useful for improving cross-grain penetration, relieving wedging effects, and reducing splitting for certain types of very dense deck materials, e.g., ironwood, mahogany, and ipê (a Brazilian hardwood).
Turning to FIG. 6A, instead of a rounded concavity 64 (e.g., a concave surface as defined by an osculatory circle or radius of curvature), the concave prong 62 could comprise a rectangular portion 68 and two small, triangular points or protuberances 70a, 70b. The triangular points 70a, 70b would be located at the left and right sides of the insertion end of the prong 62, and would together define the prong concavity 64. Similar configurations are also possible, e.g., curved points (FIG. 6B) or wedge-shaped points (FIG. 6C), as long as some sort of concave end is defined.
It should be understood that the foregoing description is only illustrative of the invention. Various alternatives and modifications can be devised by those skilled in the art without departing from the broader aspects of the present invention.
Patent Application
20080240886
