Patent Application
20120015125
The present invention is directed to decorative glass panels, and, more particularly, to the production of glass window and door panels having decorative patterns of intersecting grooves formed in at least one surface, and a decorative material, such as a resin, applied therein forming the decorative patterns.
In recent years, decorative glass has increased in popularity in both commercial and residential usage. It is now commonplace for decorative glass sheets to be used in buildings and homes in various types of doors such as entry, storm, and patio doors, as well as for exterior windows such as garden bath windows. Decorative glass also has become increasingly popular for interior glass doors, such as shower doors and French doors, as well as in furniture and architectural applications. As the scope and popularity of usage has grown, so has the demand for more affordable decorative glass products that simulate expensive materials and features. Accordingly, cost effective methods for producing affordable high quality simulated decorative glass products have been sought.
The prior art discloses methods of forming patterns or lettering on materials other than paper, such as glass or plastic, by screen printing, stenciling, or painting. The most popular of these methods has been screen printing. There is also known a method of applying a decorative pattern on a glass panel for a window or door by applying a continuous bead of durable resin onto the planar surface of the window or door panel. The simulated decorative appearance, however, is limited by the lack of surface details, such as varying contours in the glass. This could otherwise enhance the appearance of the decorative glass sheet, or alternatively, simulate a decorative glass window or door comprising multiple pieces of beveled glass that are joined by a decorative material, simulating the came that was used in window and door constructions in earlier eras.
The present invention is directed to a glass panel having decorative patterns formed on at least one surface, which addresses the shortcomings described above. Accordingly, one aspect of the present invention is directed to a decorative glass panel for a door or window, comprising a flat glass panel having an inner surface, and outer surface, and a prescribed thickness. The decorative glass panel described herein may be selected for either interior or exterior applications, as the materials, i.e., the glass and decorative resin material applied thereto, have been found to be suitable for exposure to harsh outdoor elements The glass panels so selected may be annealed, strengthened, safety-tempered, laminated, or safety-backed. A prescribed pattern is formed in at least one of the inner or outer surfaces of the glass panel by diamond-cutting one or more substantially V-shaped grooves into the surface of the glass panel. In one exemplary embodiment, the V-shaped grooves have a width, as measured across the surface of the glass panel, of about 14 mm, and a depth, as measured downwardly from the surface of the glass panel of about 1 mm. Optionally, once the decorative pattern has been cut into the surface of the glass panel, the V-shaped grooves are polished to provide a more aesthetic, finished appearance.
A continuous bead of an air-curable acrylic resin is applied in the V-shaped grooves throughout the prescribed pattern. One such air-curable resin is formed by mixing a resin such as R.L. ACRY 14 with a resin hardener such as R.L.H. ACRY 15, manufactured by Creative Resins of Kent, England. To achieve the desired appearance, the bead of air-curable acrylic resin is applied to a width of about 5 mm, as measured horizontally, and has a depth equal to or greater than the depth of the V-shaped grooves. A computer-driven plotter is used to apply the bead of air-curable acrylic resin within the grooves forming the pattern, on a plotter table. One suitable computer-driven plotter is an X-Y plotter manufactured by Precix Advanced Cutting Technologies, Inc., Langley, British Columbia, Canada. The glass panel will then have the appearance of individual glass sections that are connected by lead came.
A second aspect of the present invention is to provide a decorative window or door consisting of a peripheral support frame and a glass panel secured and supported by that frame. Depending upon the application chosen, the peripheral support frame desirably has a pair of opposed spaced-apart side pieces and a pair of opposed spaced-apart end pieces. The frame may be formed in any number of ways using a variety of materials to support the glass panel including, for example, conventional wooden frames wherein the glass panel is placed within an opening formed in the frame and thereafter secured with peripheral moulding, or the like. The decorative glass panel selected for the window or door would be formed as described above.
Another aspect of the present invention is to provide a method for making a decorative glass panel, simulating individual glass panels connected by lead came, or other decorative patterns. As described above, a prescribed pattern is formed in at least one of the inner or outer surfaces of the glass panel by diamond-cutting one or more substantially V-shaped grooves into the surface of the glass panel. In the exemplary embodiment described above, the V-shaped grooves have a width, as measured across the surface of the glass panel, of about 14 mm, and a depth, as measured downwardly from the surface of the glass panel of about 1 mm. Again, optionally, once the decorative pattern has been cut into the surface of the glass panel, the V-shaped grooves are polished to provide a more aesthetic, finished appearance. The computer-driven plotter then applies the bead of air-curable acrylic resin within the substantially V-shaped grooves of the formed decorative pattern. Once the resin has been applied, the resin is allowed to air-cure for 24 to 48 hours at an ambient temperature of approximately 72° F. Alternatively, higher ambient temperatures or convection heating will cure the resin at an accelerated rate, until the resin has cured to a sufficient hardness.
These and other aspects of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art after a reading of the following description of an exemplary embodiment, when considered with the drawings.
Referring now to the drawings in general and to
Referring to
A selected decorative pattern 120 is formed in at least the outer surface 112 of the glass panel 110. When a decorative pattern is also formed on the inner surface of the glass panel 110, it will be appreciated that the decorative pattern on the inside will coincide precisely with the decorative pattern 120 on the outside. The pattern 120 comprises at least one substantially V-shaped groove 122 and may be continuous, such as a circular or oval pattern and/or may comprise a plurality of V-shaped grooves 122 forming straight line segments, which may or may not intersect to form the overall pattern 120. As shown in
Optionally, following formation of the decorative pattern 120, the V-shaped grooves 122 forming the decorative pattern 120 may be polished to provide a more finished and aesthetic appearance, since the groove surfaces may appear frosted following the diamond-cutting. This may be accomplished by employing a softer wheel on the CNC Stone/Glass Router, such as a “red clay” wheel, to polish the grooves. Such a softer wheel creates friction and heat, polishing the grooves to a clearer finish.
Following formation of the decorative pattern 120, and the optional polishing, as desired, one or more air-curable resin beads 130 are applied within the substantially V-shaped grooves. Heretofore, the formation of grooves in a glass panel and the subsequent application of a resin or other material within the grooves has not been considered feasible for several reasons. First, the steps of diamond cutting the grooves 122, followed by application of the air-curable resin beads 130, must be performed on two separate machines, supplied by two different manufacturers, with separate programs. Because the dimensions of the decorative pattern 120 and grooves 122 are so minute and precise, it was not believed that one could acceptably apply any material within the grooves i.e., could not replicate the precise pattern 120 formed on another machine. For example, a variability in application of the resin of even 1 mm in any direction within the pattern 120 would provide a wavy and unacceptable product. Second, the air-curable resin is applied with a plotter, as described below. Applying the resin within a groove 122 necessitates movement of the applicator tip above the surface 112 of the glass panel 110; otherwise, movement of the applicator tip within the grooves 112, and lower than the surface of the glass, would be impeded by the pattern of the grooves, or the applicator tip could potentially drag against the surface 112 of the glass panel, outside of the pattern 120, yielding an unacceptable result. As described in greater detail below, the most efficient movement of the applicator tip, where the decorative pattern comprises a plurality of straight line segments, is not necessarily movement that is limited, during the entire application step, to travel exclusively within the grooves 122 forming the decorative pattern 120.
To solve both of these problems, the inventors found that several factors had to be considered and overcome. First, the inventors found a method, as described in greater detail below, to translate and transfer the decorative pattern 120 data, including the precise locations and orientations of the grooves 122 from the pattern forming machine, i.e., the Intermac, to the air-curable resin plotter program. Second, the inventors found that there is a relationship between the horizontal speed of the resin applicator tip, the pumping speed of the applicator unit, the height of the tip above the surfaces onto which the air-curable resin is to be deposited, and the viscosity of the air-curable resin at the time of application. It has now been found that acceptable results are obtained with a horizontal applicator tip speed of between about 280 and 320 mm per minute, a pumping speed of between about 60 and 80 ml per minute, a tip height above the horizontal glass surface (for a 1 mm deep groove) of between about 1.5 and 5.0 mm, and a resin viscosity of between about 11,000 and 16,000 centipoise, when measured with a conventional viscometer at an ambient room temperature of about 72 degrees Fahrenheit. In one exemplary embodiment, the horizontal applicator tip speed was about 300 mm per minute, the pumping speed was about 75 ml per minute, the tip height above the glass (for a 1 mm deep groove) was about 2 mm, and the resin viscosity was about 14,000 centipoise.
A continuous bead, or a plurality of segments formed from beads, of an air-curable acrylic resin is applied within the V-shaped grooves throughout the prescribed pattern. One such air-curable resin is formed by mixing a resin such as R.L. ACRY 14 with a resin hardener such as R.L.H. ACRY 15, manufactured by Creative Resins of Kent, England. A computer-driven plotter is used to apply the bead of air-curable acrylic resin in a desired pattern on a plotter table. One suitable computer-driven plotter is an X-Y plotter manufactured by Precix Advanced Cutting Technologies, Inc., Langley, British Columbia, Canada. As shown in
As discussed in greater detail below, where the decorative pattern 120 comprises multiple line segments 122a-d, the initial location in the decorative pattern 120 where application/plotting of the resin bead begins must be selected so that that location intersects another line segment. Because the resin begins pumping out of the applicator tip at that point, a “ball” of resin is usually deposited at that point because the plotter has not yet begun moving; thus, when the initial point subsequently intersects with another line segment, the “ball” that is initially formed is subsumed when the other line segment is applied, therefore evening out the “ball” so that it does not create an unacceptable surface imperfection. As used herein, the term “subsumed” is intended to mean that any excess uncured resin applied will even itself out when it intersects with adjacently applied uncured resin.
Once the resin has been applied, it is allowed to air-cure for between 24 and 48 hours at an ambient temperature of approximately 72 degrees Fahrenheit. Alternatively, higher ambient temperatures or convection heating will cure the resin at an accelerated rate. Regardless of conditions, the resin must be cured to a sufficient hardness. A durometer, an instrument consisting of a flat or blunt indenter point, that is applied under pressure, is used to measure the hardness of the cured resin. Specifically, when a durometer with a 1.0 mm flat point needle is compressed against the resin for 3 seconds, creating a force of 10 Newtons at the needle point, a reading of 65 percent or above on a 0 to 100 percent scale indicates that the resin is sufficiently cured.
Referring now to
As described above, the steps of diamond cutting the grooves 122 and the application of the air-curable resin beads 130 must be performed on two separate machines, supplied by two different manufacturers, having their own programming. The inventors have found, however, that the Intermac software can be made to provide a data output, which may be exported into a commercially available software program such as CorelDRAW®, Version 13, available from Corel Corporation. The output, or export, from Intermac is in the form of a .DXF, or AutoCAD® file. The .DXF file extension denotes a data format, which was developed by Autodesk, Inc. for use with computer-aided design (CAD) vector image files. These are similar to the .DWG format, but are more compatible with other programs which are ASCII (text) based. Also, the .DXF format was developed as a universal format so that AutoCAD® documents could be more easily opened by other programs. The .DXF data files are exported into CorelDRAW®, which in turn converts them into a .PLT data format. The .PLT format permits files originally created using AutoCAD® to be translated for printing using the X-Y plotter described above. This format also prints images using lines instead of dots, based on the Hewlett-Packard Graphics Language (HPGL). The .PLT data files from CorelDRAW® are lastly exported to the Creative Resins Studio Program, provided by Creative Resins International in Kent, United Kingdom. The Creative Resins Studio software then converts the data files into .DWG plotting commands for the X-Y plotter to apply air-curable resin along the centerline of the grooves 122 forming the entire decorative pattern 120. Both the .DXF and .PLT formats employ a centerline program, which is used for creating both the substantially V-shaped grooves forming the decorative pattern and the application of the air-curable resin so that the grooves and resin application coincide precisely. Most importantly, this ensures that the resin is precisely applied along the centerline of each substantially V-shaped groove.
Turning again to
Certain modifications and improvements will occur to those skilled in the art upon a reading of the foregoing description. It should be understood that all such modifications and improvements have been deleted herein for the sake of conciseness and readability but are properly within the scope of the following claims.
