The present invention is based on a decoupling element for a fuel-injection device.
Another type of simple intermediate element for a fuel-injection device is described in German Patent No. DE 101 08 466 A1. The intermediate element is a washer having a circular cross-section, which is disposed in a region in which both the fuel injector and the wall of the receiving bore in the cylinder head extend in the form of a truncated cone, the washer being used as a compensating element for mounting and supporting the fuel injector.
Intermediate elements for fuel-injection devices that are more complicated and much more resource-intensive in the production are also described in German Patent Nos. DE 100 27 662 A1 and DE 100 38 763 A1, and European Patent No. EP 1 223 337 A1, among others. All of these intermediate elements are distinguished by being constructed of multiple parts or multiple layers and in some cases are meant to assume sealing and damping functions. The intermediate element described in German Patent No. DE 100 27 662 A1 includes a base and carrier body, into which a sealing means that is penetrated by a nozzle body of the fuel injector is inserted. In German Patent No. DE 100 38 763 A1, a multi-layered compensating element is described, which is composed of two rigid rings and an elastic intermediate ring sandwiched between them. This compensating element allows both for tilting of the fuel injector in relation to the axis of the receiving bore over a relatively large angular range and a radial displacement of the fuel injector from the center axis of the receiving bore.
An intermediate element that likewise has multiple layers is also described in European Patent No. EP 1 223 337 A1; this intermediate element is composed of a plurality of washers which are made from a damping material. The damping material of metal, rubber or PTFE is selected and configured so that noise damping of the vibrations and the noise generated by the operation of the fuel injector is possible. However, the intermediate element must have four to six layers for this purpose in order to achieve the desired damping effect.
Furthermore, to reduce noise emissions, U.S. Pat. No. 6,009,856 A1 suggests to surround the fuel injector by a sleeve and to fill up the created interspace with an elastic, noise-damping mass. However, this type of noise damping is very resource-intensive, difficult to assemble and costly.
An example decoupling element in accordance with the present invention may have the advantage that better noise damping is achieved with the aid of a very simple design. The decoupling element has a non-linear, progressive spring characteristic that results in multiple positive and advantageous aspects during the installation of the decoupling element in a fuel-injection device including injectors for a direct injection of fuel. The low rigidity of the decoupling element in the idling operating point allows for effective decoupling of the fuel injector from the cylinder head and thereby markedly reduces the noise radiated by the cylinder head in the noise-critical idling operation. The high rigidity at a nominal system pressure ensures an overall low movement of the fuel injector during the vehicle operation and thereby ensures not only the durability of the sealing rings serving as combustion-chamber seal and as seals from the fuel rail but also a stable spray-discharge point of the fuel spray in the combustion chamber, which is decisive for the stability of some combustion methods.
The decoupling element is distinguished by low height, which allows for its use also when space is limited. The decoupling element furthermore has long-term strength even at high temperatures. The decoupling element is able to be produced in a very simple and cost-effective manner from the standpoint of production technology. The entire suspension of the system made up of fuel injector and decoupling element may furthermore be installed and uninstalled in a simple and rapid manner.
Advantageous further refinements and improvements of the fuel-injection device are described herein.
It is especially advantageous that in addition to the geometrically enabled tilting or pivoting ability of the fuel injector for a compensation of tolerances, guide elements are also provided on the decoupling element, and the rigidity in case of contact at high loads is increased by the lateral guidance of the decoupling element in the receiving bore of the cylinder head. Because of this special outer guidance in the cylinder head with very low play, the tolerance situation is optimally configured. In the event that the fuel injector tilts more than usual in an operation under load, for example as a result of temperature-related elongations, then this is possible because the decoupling element is unable to move relative to the cylinder head in the radial direction.
Exemplary embodiments of the present invention are shown in the figures in simplified form and are described in greater detail below.
For an understanding of the present invention, a conventional specific embodiment of a fuel-injection device is described in greater detail below on the basis of
A flat intermediate element 24, which is implemented as a bracing element in the form of a washer, is inserted between a step 21 of a valve housing 22 and a shoulder 23, which extends at a right angle to the longitudinal extension of receiving bore 20, for instance. Such an intermediate element 24 makes it possible to compensate for production and installation tolerances and ensures support without transverse forces being exerted even if fuel injector 1 is positioned at a slight tilt.
At its inlet-side end 3, fuel injector 1 has a plug-in connection to a fuel distributor line (fuel rail) 4 that is sealed by a sealing ring 5 between a connecting pipe 6, shown in a sectional view, of fuel-distributor line 4 and an inlet tube 7 of fuel injector 1. Fuel injector 1 is slipped into a receiving bore 12 of connecting pipe 6 of fuel-distributor line 4. Connecting pipe 6, for example, emerges from actual fuel-distributor line 4 in one piece; upstream from receiving bore 12, it has a flow opening 15 of a smaller diameter, by way of which fuel injector 1 is approached by the oncoming flow. Fuel injector 1 is provided with an electrical plug connector 8 for the electrical contacting for the actuation of fuel injector 1.
A hold-down device 10 is provided between fuel injector 1 and connecting pipe 6 in order to set fuel injector 1 and fuel-distributor line 4 apart from each other largely without radial forces being exerted, and to hold fuel injector 1 securely down in the receiving bore of the cylinder head. Hold-down device 10 is implemented as a bow-shaped component such as a stamped and bent part. Hold-down device 10 has a base element 11 in the form of a partial ring, from which a hold-down clamp 13 that rests against a downstream end region 14 of connecting pipe 6 on fuel-distributor line 4 in the installed state, extends at an angle.
In comparison with the conventional intermediate-element solutions, the present invention firstly obtains better noise damping in an uncomplicated manner, above all in the noise-critical idling operation, with the aid of a selective configuration and geometry of intermediate element 24. Secondly, a simple and cost-effective tolerance compensation that allows for tilting of the fuel injector by up to 1° is to be possible and also an operation without the occurrence of transverse forces under thermal influences. The forces (structure-borne noise) introduced into cylinder head 9 during the valve operation represent the relevant noise source of fuel injector 1 in the direct high-pressure injection. These forces lead to a structural excitation of cylinder head 9 and are radiated by cylinder head 9 in the form of airborne sound. To obtain a noise improvement, it is therefore desirable to minimize the forces introduced into cylinder head 9. In addition to reducing the forces induced by the injection, this minimization may be achieved by influencing the transmission behavior between fuel injector 1 and cylinder head 9.
In the mechanical sense, the seating of fuel injector 1 on passive intermediate element 24 in receiving bore 20 of cylinder head 9 may be reproduced as a conventional spring mass damper system, as illustrated in
It is the goal of the present invention to configure an intermediate element 24 predominantly using the elastic insulation (decoupling) for noise-reduction purposes, in particular in the idling operation of the vehicle. On the one hand, the present invention encompasses the definition and configuration of a suitable spring characteristic while taking into account the typical requirements and marginal conditions in the direct injection of fuel at a variable operating pressure; on the other hand, it encompasses the configuration of an intermediate element 24, which is able to represent the characteristic of the thusly defined spring characteristic and is able to be adapted to the specific marginal conditions of the injection system through a selection of simple geometric parameters.
The decoupling of fuel injector 1 from cylinder head 9 with the aid of a low spring stiffness c of decoupling element 25, which is implemented in the form of a ring, especially a closed ring, and which features a cushion-type design in cross-section, is made more difficult not only by the small space but also by a restriction of the permissible axial maximum movement of fuel injector 1 during the engine operation. Typically, the following quasi-static load states are encountered in the vehicle:
In order to be able to implement the noise-decoupling measures in an uncomplicated and cost-effective manner under typical marginal conditions of the direct injection of fuel (limited space, great forces, low axial overall movement of fuel injector 1), decoupling element 25 with its cushion-type cross-section is furthermore configured across its annular extension in such a way that a lower, e.g., largely planar, end face 26 is provided, which sits on a shoulder 23 of receiving bore 20 in cylinder head 9; in addition, an upper end face 27 is provided, which increases conically from radially outside to radially inside and is in intimate contact with a spherically curved or conically extending shoulder area 21 of valve housing 22 of fuel injector 1. In addition to its conical increase, upper end face 27 of decoupling element 25 may also have a spherical curvature, in which a very large radius exists in the contact region.
In the exemplary embodiment shown, decoupling element 25 has on its topside the conically or coniformly extending end face 27, which in the installed state corresponds to the rounded or spherically implemented, convexly rounded or conical shoulder area 21 of valve housing 22 of fuel injector 1. Shoulder area 21 of valve housing 22 is developed on a radially outwardly positioned shoulder 28, which already provides a certain enchamberment of decoupling element 25 between shoulder 28 and shoulder 23 of receiving bore 20. Shoulder area 21 of valve housing 22 need not have a spherically curved form throughout; it is sufficient if such a shape is provided in the contact region with the conically extending end face 27 of decoupling element 25. The respective transitions of upper end face 27 and lower end face 26 with regard to the two inner and outer annular lateral areas of decoupling element 25 may be rounded. The geometry according to the present invention featuring a flat angle or a large radius of the curvature at spherically curved shoulder area 21 of valve housing 22, and conically or coniformly extending end face 27 of decoupling element 25 in conjunction with a relatively large play radially inwardly in the direction of fuel injector 1 and with very little play radially outwardly in the direction of the wall of receiving bore 20, allows for the use of an injectable plastic element or a cold-shaped aluminum element. Such a decoupling element 25 is able to be produced in a cost-effective manner and decouples the structure-borne noise in the desired manner.
Together with the slightly convexly shaped shoulder area 21 of valve housing 22, a pivotable or tiltable connection is created for the compensation of tolerances. In case of an offset between fuel injector 1 and receiving bore 20 within the framework of the tolerated production fluctuations, slight tilting of fuel injector 1 may occur. Because of the pivotable connection between fuel injector 1 and decoupling element 25, transverse forces in case of a tilted position of fuel injector 1 are then largely avoided. Cone/cone, cone/sphere, sphere/cone or sphere/cone-pairings of valve housing 22 and decoupling element 25 are possible according to the present invention.
A loss protection for decoupling element 25 may be assumed by a securing ring 29, which is situated below decoupling element 25 and grasps decoupling element 25 from below with a small clearance and is fixed in place on valve housing 22 of fuel injector 1. In this way it can be ensured that fuel injector 1 is able to be installed as a modular unit together with decoupling element 25 in receiving bore 20.
An alternative decoupling element 25 is shown by
Number | Date | Country | Kind |
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10 2014 225 988 | Dec 2014 | DE | national |
Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind |
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PCT/EP2015/074144 | 10/19/2015 | WO | 00 |
Publishing Document | Publishing Date | Country | Kind |
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WO2016/096200 | 6/23/2016 | WO | A |
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Number | Date | Country | |
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20170328325 A1 | Nov 2017 | US |