Claims
- 1. A process for reducing or preventing foam in an aqueous system comprising adding to the aqueous system from about 0.001% to about 10.0% by weight of a composition which is the product of the process which comprises reacting epichlorohydrin and a compound of the formula IIR3(EO)n(PO)mOH (II) wherein R3 is a saturated or unsaturated organic group having from 4 to 22 carbon atoms; n is a number from 0 to 50 and m is a number from 0 to 50; wherein the mole ratio of epichlorohydrin to (II) is from about 0.60/1 to about 2/1.
- 2. The process of claim 1 wherein R3 is an alkyl group having from 4 to 12 carbon atoms.
- 3. The process of claim 1 wherein R3 is an alkyl group having from 8 to 10 carbon atoms.
- 4. The process of claim 1 wherein n is a number from about 2 to about 50.
- 5. The process of claim 1 wherein n is a number from about 4 to about 50.
- 6. The process of claim 1 wherein the mole ratio of epichlorohydrin to (II) is from about 0.80/1 to about 2/1.
- 7. The process of claim 1 wherein R3 is an alkyl group having from 4 to 12 carbon atoms and n is a number from about 2 to about 50.
- 8. The process of claim 1 wherein R3 is an alkyl group having from 8 to 10 carbon atoms and n is a number from about 4 to about 50.
- 9. The process of claim 1 wherein from about 0.1% to about 10% by weight of said composition is added to the aqueous system.
- 10. The process of claim 9 wherein from about 0.1% to about 3% by weight of said composition is added to the aqueous system.
- 11. The process of claim 1 wherein R3 is an alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl or arenyl group.
- 12. The process of claim 1 wherein R3 is selected from the groups consisting of a linear or branched alkyl group, a linear or branched alkenyl or alkynyl group, a saturated carbocyclic moiety, an unsaturated carbocyclic moiety having one or more multiple bonds, a saturated heterocyclic moiety, an unsaturated heterocyclic moiety having one or more multiple Nonds, a substituted linear or branched alkyl group, a substituted linear or branched alkenyl or alkynyl group, a substituted saturated carbocyclic moiety, a substituted unsaturated carbocyclic moiety having one or more multiple bonds, a substituted saturated heterocyclic moiety, and a substituted unsaturated heterocyclic moiety having one or more multiple bonds.
- 13. A process for reducing or preventing foam in an aqueous system comprising adding to the aqueous system from about 0.01% to about 10% by weight of a composition comprised of: (a) the product of the process which comprises reacting epichlorohydrin and a compound of the formula IIR3(EO)n(PO)mOH (II) wherein R3 is a saturated or unsaturated organic group having from 4 to 22 carbon atoms; n is a number from 0 to 50 and m is a number from 0 to 50; wherein the mole ratio of epichlorohydrin to (II) is from about 0.60/1 to about 2/1; and (b) a water-insoluble liquid carrier capable of dissolving or dispersing component (a).
- 14. The process of claim 13 wherein R3 is an alkyl group having from 4 to 12 carbon atoms.
- 15. The process of claim 13 wherein R3 is an alkyl group having from 8 to 10 carbon atoms.
- 16. The process of claim 13 wherein n is a number from about 2 to about 50.
- 17. The process of claim 13 wherein n is a number from about 4 to about 50.
- 18. The process of claim 13 wherein the mole ratio of epichlorohydrin to (II) is from about 0.80/1 to about 2/1.
- 19. The process of claim 13 wherein R3 is an alkyl group having from 4 to 12 carbon atoms and n is a number from about 2 to about 50.
- 20. The process of claim 13 wherein R3 is an alkyl group having from 8 to 10 carbon atoms and n is a number from about 4 to about 50.
- 21. The process of claim 13 wherein the aqueous system is a latex paint.
- 22. The process of claim 13 wherein the compound of the formula II is C10H21O(EO)8OH and the mole ratio of epichlorohydrin to (II) is 1.1/1.0.
- 23. The process of claim 13 wherein the water-insoluble liquid carrier is selected from the group consisting of paraffin oil, naphthenic oils, liquid hydrocarbons, tall oil fatty acids and ethoxylated tall oil fatty acids, fatty alcohols and ethoxylated fatty alcohols, liquid polypropylene oxide, liquid polyethylene oxide, liquid poly(ethylene oxide-propylene oxide), and combinations thereof.
- 24. The process of claim 23 wherein the water-insoluble liquid carrier is paraffin oil.
- 25. The process of claim 13 wherein R3 is an alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl or arenyl group.
- 26. The process of claim 13 wherein R3 is selected from the group consisting of a linear or branched alkyl group, a linear or branched alkenyl or alkynyl group, a saturated carbocyclic moiety, an unsaturated carbocyclic moiety having one or more multiple bonds, a saturated heterocyclic moiety, an unsaturated heterocyclic moiety having one or more multiple ponds, a substituted linear or branched alkyl group, a substituted linear or branched alkenyl or alkynyl group, a substituted saturated carbocyclic moiety, a substituted unsaturated carbocyclic moiety having one or more multiple bonds, a substituted saturated heterocyclic moiety, and a substituted unsaturated heterocyclic moity having one or more multiple bonds.
- 27. The process of claim 13 wherein from about 0.1% to about 2.0% by weight of said composition is added to the aqueous system.
- 28. A process for reducing or preventing foam in an aqueous system comprising adding to the aqueous system from about 0.1% to about 10% by weight of a composition comprised of (a) the product of the process which comprises reacting epichlorohydrin and a compound of the formula IIR3(EO)n(PO)mOH (II) wherein R3 is a saturated or unsaturated organic group having from 4 to 22 carbon atoms; n is a number from 0 to 50 and m is a number from 0 to 50; wherein the mole ratio of epichlorohydrin to (II) is from about 0.60/1 to about 2/1; (b) a hydrophobic solid; and (c) a water-insoluble liquid carrier capable of dissolving or dispersing component (a).
- 29. The process of claim 28 wherein R3 is an alkyl group having from 4 to 12 carbon atoms.
- 30. The process of claim 28 wherein R3 is an alkyl group having from 8 to 10 carbon atoms.
- 31. The process of claim 28 wherein n is a number from about 2 to about 50.
- 32. The process of claim 28 wherein n is a number from about 4 to about 50.
- 33. The process of claim 28 wherein the mole ratio of epichlorohydrin to (II) is from about 0.80/1 to about 2/1.
- 34. The process of claim 28 wherein R3 is an alkyl group having from 4 to 12 carbon atoms and n is a number from about 2 to about 50.
- 35. The process of claim 28 wherein R3 is an alkyl group having from 8 to 10 carbon atoms and n is a number from about 4 to about 50.
- 36. The process of claim 28 wherein the aqueous system is a latex paint.
- 37. The process of claim 28 wherein the compound of the formula II is C10H21O(EO)8OH and the mole ratio of epichlorohydrin to (II) is 1.1/1.0.
- 38. The process of claim 28 wherein the water-insoluble liquid carrier is selected from the group consisting of paraffin oil, naphthenic oils, liquid hydrocarbons, tall oil fatty acids and ethoxylated tall oil fatty acids, fatty alcohols and ethoxylated fatty alcohols, liquid polypropylene oxide, liquid polyethylene oxide, liquid poly(ethylene oxide-propylene oxide), and combinations thereof.
- 39. The process of claim 28 wherein the water-insoluble liquid carrier is paraffin oil.
- 40. The process of claim 28 wherein the hydrophobic solid is selected from the group consisting of a polyethylene wax, ethylene bis-stearamide and combinations thereof.
- 41. The process of claim 40 wherein the hydrophobic solid is polyethylene wax.
- 42. The process of claim 28 wherein R3 is selected from the group consisting of a linear or branched alkyl group, a linear or branched alkenyl or alkynyl group, a saturated carbocyclic moiety, an unsaturated carbocyclic moiety having one or more multiple bonds, a saturated heterocyclic moiety, an unsaturated heterocyclic moiety having one or more multiple ponds, a substituted linear or branched alkyl group, a substituted linear or branched alkenyl or alkynyl group, a substituted saturated carbocyclic moiety, a substituted unsaturated carbocyclic moiety having one or more multiple bonds, a substituted saturated heterocyclic moiety, and a substituted unsaturated heterocyclic moiety having one or more multiple bones.
- 43. The process of claim 28 wherein R3 is an alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl or arenyl group.
- 44. The process of claim 28 wherein from about 0.1% to about 1.0% by weight of said composition is added to the aqueous system.
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
This application is a continuation-in-part of application Ser. No. 09/093,810, filed on Jun. 9, 1998, which also claims the benefit of provisional application Ser. No. 60/049,338, filed on Jun. 10, 1997.
Not Applicable.
US Referenced Citations (23)
Non-Patent Literature Citations (3)
Entry |
Grants & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, Fifth Edition (McGraw-Hill Book Co., NY, NY, Apr. 1990), p. 265. |
Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, Eleventh Edition, (Van Nostrand Reinhold Company, NY, NY, Copyright 1987; Oct. 1989), p. 569. |
Fessenden & Fessenden, Organic Chemistry, (Willard Grant Press, Boston, MA, Copyright, 1979; Aug. 1980), pp. 165-167, 207 and 283. |
Provisional Applications (1)
|
Number |
Date |
Country |
|
60/049338 |
Jun 1997 |
US |
Continuation in Parts (1)
|
Number |
Date |
Country |
Parent |
09/093810 |
Jun 1998 |
US |
Child |
09/606092 |
|
US |